A method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volume based on GIS

Abstract

The application discloses a channel excavation and filling amount acquisition method based on GIS, relates to the technical field of channel engineering, and first acquires DEM data after frame division processing, channel GIS basic data and cross section parameters, and draws relevant cross section terrain cutting lines, cross section characteristic lines and benching lines on a channel plane map based on the channel GIS basic data, the cross section parameters and the DEM data after frame division processing; finally, the channel body excavation and filling amount, the channel adjacent road excavation and filling amount and the channel benching excavation and filling amount are acquired according to the cross section terrain cutting lines, the cross section characteristic lines and the benching lines, the channel body excavation and filling amount, the channel adjacent road excavation and filling amount and the channel benching excavation and filling amount are added, and the target channel excavation and filling amount is obtained, the soil and stone amount can be rapidly calculated by only inputting GIS basic terrain data and a small amount of longitudinal and transverse section parameters, the complexity of the soil amount calculation is reduced, and the efficiency of the soil amount calculation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of channel engineering technology, specifically to a GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes. Background Technology

[0002] Rapidly calculating the quantities of work during the early route selection phase of irrigation projects is a major challenge for improving design efficiency and shortening the design cycle. The initial route comparison and quantity calculation are often extremely tedious and complex due to the long distances, complex and varied terrain and geology, and diverse building types. During the route layout process, designers need to arrange different structures such as tunnels, aqueducts, open channels, inverted siphons, and culverts based on conditions such as water level and terrain elevation differences, ground attachments, and land attributes. Among these, the quantity calculation for aqueducts mainly focuses on concrete volume and earthwork excavation; earthwork excavation calculation is relatively simple, while concrete volume calculation is relatively complex. The quantity calculation for tunnels mainly focuses on concrete volume and earthwork excavation; both are relatively simple to calculate. The quantity calculation for open channel structures mainly focuses on concrete volume and earthwork excavation and filling; concrete volume calculation is relatively simple, while earthwork volume calculation is very complex and requires a significant amount of manpower. Traditional methods for calculating earthwork volume in open channels first require generating contour lines and elevation points (.dwg files) based on surveyed DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data. Then, CAD (Computer-Aided Design) software is used to section the terrain, manually drawing the structural outline and slope lines. Next, a closed contour shape is drawn to calculate the cut and fill area. Finally, the earthwork volume is calculated by multiplying the average area of ​​the two cross-sections by the distance between them. The spacing between cross-sections in engineering projects is typically 10 to 20 meters. For situations with significant terrain undulations between cross-sections, this method has a large accuracy error. For long-distance channel projects, the workload of sectioning and calculating cut and fill areas is enormous, repetitive, inefficient, and prone to errors. With the development of BIM technology and surveying drone technology, new earthwork volume calculation methods have emerged. One method involves drawing an excavation surface model, dividing the surface into multiple small rectangles, using the center point of each rectangle as a base point, projecting it onto the terrain surface to obtain the cube height and area, and finally integrating to calculate the cut and fill area. The above methods first require the establishment of cut-fill surfaces, which involves a large amount of preliminary work. In addition, they do not consider the optimization of high fill sections and the detailed calculation of earthwork, resulting in low accuracy of the calculation results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volume, which solves the problems of large workload, low efficiency and easy error in the calculation process of channel excavation and filling volume.

[0004] This application is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the DEM data of the channel and perform segmentation processing on the DEM data to obtain segmented DEM data;

[0007] The system obtains the channel GIS basic data and cross-section parameters input by the user through human-computer interaction, and draws the relevant cross-section terrain cutting lines, cross-section feature lines and slope lines on the channel plan map based on the channel GIS basic data, cross-section parameters and DEM data after split processing.

[0008] Based on the cross-sectional topographic cutting line, cross-sectional feature line, and slope line, the excavation and filling volume of the channel body, the excavation and filling volume of the adjacent highway, and the excavation and filling volume of the channel slope are obtained. The excavation and filling volume of the channel body, the excavation and filling volume of the adjacent highway, and the excavation and filling volume of the channel slope are added together to obtain the target channel excavation and filling volume.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the channel GIS basic data and cross-sectional parameters input by the user through human-computer interaction are obtained. Based on the channel GIS basic data, cross-sectional parameters, and DEM data after segmentation processing, relevant cross-sectional terrain cutting lines, cross-sectional feature lines, and slope lines are drawn on the channel plan map, including:

[0010] Obtain a channel plan map input by the user through human-computer interaction. The channel plan map contains basic channel GIS data. The channel plan map includes geometric objects of the centerline of the canal system structure, longitudinal section sampling interval, and sets the starting water level and slope of the line.

[0011] Based on the channel GIS basic data, the cross-sectional water level at any distance from the channel starting point is obtained, and the cross-sectional water level at any station number is obtained. The centerline feature points are also obtained based on the channel GIS basic data.

[0012] The system obtains cross-sectional parameters input by the user through human-computer interaction, and draws sampling lines on the channel plan map based on the centerline feature points and cross-sectional parameters. The cross-sectional parameters include cross-sectional sampling range values, cross-sectional sampling intervals, cross-sectional water depth, channel bottom width, channel height, channel slope ratio, left road width, right road width, slope ratio, and fill slope ratio.

[0013] Based on the cross-sectional parameters, the DEM data after the sectional processing, and the sampling lines, draw the cross-sectional terrain cutting lines;

[0014] Based on the cross-sectional parameters, the water level at any station, and the centerline feature points, draw cross-sectional feature lines; the cross-sectional feature lines include the channel bottom feature lines, the channel body slope feature lines, and the highway section feature lines;

[0015] The object enclosed by the cross-sectional terrain cutting line and the cross-sectional feature line is taken as the cross-sectional object, and the slope line corresponding to any cross-sectional object is obtained. The slope line is marked as the backfill line or the excavation line, thus completing the drawing of the cross-sectional terrain cutting line, the cross-sectional feature line and the slope line.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the water level at any distance from the channel starting point is obtained based on the channel GIS basic data, resulting in the water level at any station number, and the centerline feature points are obtained based on the channel GIS basic data, including:

[0017] Based on the aforementioned channel GIS basic data, the cross-sectional water level at any distance from the channel starting point is obtained, and the cross-sectional water level at any station number is obtained as follows: Wi = W0 - Di * g; Wi represents the cross-sectional water level, W0 represents the water level at the starting point of the line, Di represents the distance between the cross-section and the starting point of the channel, and g represents the slope.

[0018] Sampling is performed on the geometric objects along the centerline of the canal system structure according to the longitudinal profile sampling interval, and the coordinates of each centerline feature point are determined to obtain the centerline feature points.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the cross-sectional parameters input by the user through human-computer interaction are obtained, and sampling lines are drawn on the channel plan map based on the centerline feature points and the cross-sectional parameters, including:

[0020] Obtain cross-sectional parameters input by the user through human-computer interaction;

[0021] Obtain the line vector direction of each centerline feature point, and calculate the corresponding normal vector according to the right-hand rule;

[0022] The cross-sectional sampling range value in the cross-sectional parameters is used as the offset distance, and sampling lines are drawn on both sides of the normal vector according to the offset distance.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the cross-sectional terrain cutting line is drawn based on the cross-sectional parameters, the DEM data after zoning, and the sampling lines, including:

[0024] The latitude and longitude coordinates of the difference feature points are calculated for the sampling line according to the cross-sectional sampling interval in the cross-sectional parameters. The DEM data after the splitting process is traversed according to the latitude and longitude coordinates of the difference feature points, and the projected elevation value of the difference feature points on the corresponding splitting process DEM data is determined. The distance from the difference feature point to the center point feature point is used as the x-axis coordinate value, and the corresponding projected elevation value is used as the y-axis coordinate value to draw the cross-sectional terrain cutting line.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the cross-sectional feature line is drawn based on the cross-sectional parameters, the water level at any station, and the centerline feature points, including:

[0026] The water level at the centerline feature point is determined based on the centerline feature point and the water level at any station section.

[0027] Use the water level at the centerline feature point as the y-axis coordinate value and set the x-axis coordinate value to zero to draw the water level feature point;

[0028] Using the water level feature points as a reference, and based on the cross-sectional parameters such as cross-sectional water depth, channel bottom width, channel height, channel slope ratio, left road width, right road width, slope ratio, and fill slope ratio, cross-sectional feature lines are drawn.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the excavation and filling volumes of the channel body, the excavation and filling volumes of the adjacent highway, and the excavation and filling volumes of the channel slope are obtained based on the cross-sectional topographic cut-off line, cross-sectional feature line, and slope line, including:

[0030] Based on the first contour line feature point, the second contour line feature point, and the third contour line feature point on the cross-sectional feature line, and drawing rays in the vertical direction from the first contour line feature point, the second contour line feature point, and the third contour line feature point, and determining the intersection point with the cross-sectional terrain cutting line, the first projection point, the second projection point, and the third projection point are obtained respectively.

[0031] When the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the cross-sectional feature line have no intersection or only one intersection, and the intersection point is located on the contour line feature point, the excavation and filling area of ​​the channel is obtained as follows:

[0032] ;

[0033] ;

[0034] Where A1 represents the first excavation and filling area, A2 represents the second excavation and filling area, and abs represents the absolute value of the value in parentheses; p 1y p represents the y-axis coordinate of the feature point of the first contour line. 2yp represents the y-axis coordinate value of the feature point of the second contour line. 2x p represents the x-axis coordinate value of the feature point of the second contour line. 3y p represents the y-axis coordinate of the feature point of the third contour line. 3x T represents the x-axis coordinate of the feature point of the third contour line. 1y T represents the y-axis coordinate of the first projection point. 2y T represents the y-axis coordinate of the second projection point. 3y This represents the y-axis coordinate of the third projection point;

[0035] When the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the cross-sectional feature line intersect at only one point, and the intersection point is not located on the contour line feature point, the intersection point of the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the cross-sectional feature line is calculated using a two-dimensional geometry library. This intersection point is used as the new contour line feature point, and the corresponding projection point is obtained. The four contour line feature points are then reordered in order of distance from the centerline from closest to furthest. Based on the reordered four contour line feature points and their corresponding projection points, the excavation and filling area of ​​the channel is obtained as follows:

[0036] ;

[0037] ;

[0038] ;

[0039] Where A3 represents the third excavation and filling area, This represents the y-axis coordinate of the first profile feature point after reordering. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the first profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the first profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the second profile feature point after reordering. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the second profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the second profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the third profile feature point after reordering. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the third profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the third profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the 4th profile feature point after reordering. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the 4th profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the 4th profile feature point after reordering.

[0040] When the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the cross-sectional feature line have only n intersection points, and the intersection points are not located on the contour line feature points, then the intersection points are used as new contour line feature points and the corresponding projection points are obtained. The n+3 contour line feature points are reordered in order of distance from the centerline from near to far. Based on the reordered n+3 contour line feature points and their corresponding projection points, the excavation and filling area of ​​the channel is obtained as follows:

[0041] ;

[0042] in, This represents the (n+2)th cut-and-fill area. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the (n+2)th feature point of the contour line after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the (n+2)th contour feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the (n+2)th contour feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the (n+3)th feature point of the contour line after reordering. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the (n+3)th feature point of the contour line after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the (n+3)th contour feature point after reordering, where n is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0043] Obtain the cut-and-fill area between the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the highway section to obtain the cut-and-fill area corresponding to the highway section; obtain the cut-and-fill area between the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the slope line to obtain the cut-and-fill area corresponding to the slope section.

[0044] Based on the excavation and filling area corresponding to the channel, the excavation and filling area corresponding to the highway section, and the excavation and filling area corresponding to the slope section, the excavation and filling volume of the channel body, the excavation and filling volume of the adjacent highway, and the excavation and filling volume of the channel slope are obtained respectively.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes further includes:

[0046] The target channel excavation and filling volume is calculated using a preset longitudinal profile sampling interval. Then, the longitudinal profile sampling interval is adjusted using a bisection method, and the target channel excavation and filling volume is calculated again. This process continues until the difference between two target channel excavation and filling volumes is lower than a preset threshold. Finally, the target channel excavation and filling volume calculated last is taken as the final target channel excavation and filling volume.

[0047] The difference between the two target channel excavation and filling volumes being lower than a preset threshold means that the difference between the excavation volume and the filling volume of the two target channel excavation and filling volumes are both lower than a preset threshold.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes further includes:

[0049] Based on the channel body feature lines in the cross-section feature lines, obtain the first target intersection point between the cross-section terrain cutting line and the channel body feature lines;

[0050] When there is a first target intersection point on one side of the channel and no intersection point on the other side, determine whether the y-axis coordinate value of the third projection point corresponding to the third contour feature point on the side without intersection point is less than the y-axis coordinate value of the third contour feature point. If so, the y-axis coordinate value of the third contour feature point is taken as the bottom elevation of the channel; otherwise, the y-axis coordinate value of the third contour feature point is taken as the top elevation of the channel.

[0051] When there are no intersections on either side of the channel, the y-axis coordinates of the feature points of the third contour line are all taken as the elevation of the channel bottom.

[0052] When there is a first target intersection point on each side of the channel, calculate the elevation of the first target intersection point on each side of the channel, and then take the minimum value of the y-axis coordinate of the feature point of the third contour line.

[0053] Based on the adjusted third contour feature points, the excavation and filling volume of the target channel is recalculated.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes further includes:

[0055] Obtain the coordinates of geological borehole locations and the corresponding depths of the soil-rock boundary lines input through human-computer interaction;

[0056] Based on the coordinates of the geological borehole points, the two closest boreholes upstream and downstream of the centerline feature point are searched cyclically as ZK1 and ZK2; where ZK1 represents the first closest borehole and ZK2 represents the second closest borehole.

[0057] Based on the depth of the soil-rock boundary line, find the first soil-rock boundary line depth corresponding to the first nearest borehole as Hts1 and the second soil-rock boundary line depth corresponding to the second nearest borehole as Hts2.

[0058] Based on the first nearest borehole, the second nearest borehole, the depth of the first soil-rock boundary, and the depth of the second soil-rock boundary, the depth of the soil-rock boundary at the sampling point is obtained as follows:

[0059] ;

[0060] in, Indicates the depth of the soil-rock boundary at the sampling point. This represents the horizontal distance from the first nearest borehole point to the feature point on the channel centerline. This represents the horizontal distance from the second nearest borehole point to the feature point on the channel centerline;

[0061] Draw an elevation of H on the cross-sectional object. ts The horizontal baseline of the soil-rock boundary is obtained, and the second target intersection point between the horizontal baseline of the soil-rock boundary and the polygon corresponding to the cut-fill area is obtained;

[0062] When the number of intersection points of the second target is 0 or 1, it is determined whether the centroid elevation of the polygon corresponding to the excavation and filling area is greater than the depth of the soil-rock boundary line of the sampling point. If so, the excavation and filling area is determined to be the earthwork area; otherwise, the excavation and filling area is determined to be the rockwork area.

[0063] When the number of intersections of the second target is greater than 1, the centroids of polygons below the baseline elevation are added to the rock property group, and the centroids of polygons above the baseline elevation are added to the earth property group.

[0064] Obtain the first total distance from the centroid of the polygon in the rock property group to the baseline and the second total distance from the centroid of the polygon in the earth property group to the baseline;

[0065] Based on the first total distance and the second total distance, obtain the proportion of stone area and the proportion of earth area;

[0066] The area of ​​stone and the area of ​​earthwork are determined based on the proportion of stone area and the proportion of earthwork area, respectively.

[0067] The earth excavation volume is obtained based on the earth area, and the rock excavation volume is obtained based on the rock area; the earth excavation volume and the rock excavation volume are added together to obtain the target channel excavation and filling volume.

[0068] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0069] This application provides a GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes. It involves dividing DEM data into sections to obtain processed DEM data; then acquiring channel GIS basic data and cross-sectional parameters input by the user through human-computer interaction; and drawing relevant cross-sectional topographic cutting lines, cross-sectional feature lines, and slope lines on the channel's planar map based on the channel GIS basic data, cross-sectional parameters, and the divided DEM data. Finally, based on the cross-sectional topographic cutting lines, cross-sectional feature lines, and slope lines, the excavation and filling volumes of the channel body, adjacent roads, and channel slope are obtained. These volumes are then summed to obtain the target channel excavation and filling volume. This method eliminates the need for steps such as cutting longitudinal and transverse cross-sections, designing slope lines, and calculating the area of ​​the excavation and filling zone. Only basic GIS topographic data and a few longitudinal and transverse cross-sectional parameters are required for rapid calculation of earthwork volume, reducing the complexity and improving the efficiency of earthwork volume calculation. Attached Figure Description

[0070] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0071] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 2 A flowchart for obtaining cross-sectional terrain cutting lines, cross-sectional feature lines, and slope lines provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0073] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of excavation and filling area provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the land acquisition boundary provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0075] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are only for explaining this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0076] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes, including:

[0077] S101. Obtain the DEM data of the channel and perform segmentation processing on the DEM data to obtain segmented DEM data.

[0078] The DEM data of the channel can be divided into sections to obtain the section raster data, the latitude and longitude coordinates of the two diagonal points of the boundary box and the index number, and the resulting DEM data can be stored in the database for later use.

[0079] S102. Obtain the channel GIS basic data and cross-section parameters input by the user through human-computer interaction, and draw relevant cross-section terrain cutting lines, cross-section feature lines and slope lines on the channel plan map based on the channel GIS basic data, cross-section parameters and DEM data after split processing.

[0080] S103. Based on the cross-sectional topographic cutting line, cross-sectional feature line, and slope line, obtain the excavation and filling volume of the channel body, the excavation and filling volume of the adjacent highway, and the excavation and filling volume of the channel slope. Add the excavation and filling volume of the channel body, the excavation and filling volume of the adjacent highway, and the excavation and filling volume of the channel slope to obtain the target channel excavation and filling volume.

[0081] This application provides a GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes, which enables simple, fast, and high-precision calculation of open channel excavation and filling volumes. Designers do not need to perform steps such as cutting longitudinal and transverse profiles, designing slope lines, and calculating the area of ​​excavation and filling areas. They only need to input basic topographic data and a few longitudinal and transverse profile parameters from the GIS (Geographic Information System) to quickly calculate the earthwork volume, reducing the complexity of earthwork volume calculation and improving the efficiency of earthwork volume calculation.

[0082] like Figure 2 As shown, the system acquires the channel GIS basic data and cross-sectional parameters input by the user through human-computer interaction. Based on the channel GIS basic data, cross-sectional parameters, and DEM data after segmentation processing, it draws relevant cross-sectional terrain cutting lines, cross-sectional feature lines, and slope lines on the channel plan map, including:

[0083] S201. Obtain the channel plan map input by the user through human-computer interaction. The channel plan map contains basic channel GIS data. The channel plan map includes geometric objects of the centerline of the canal system structure, longitudinal section sampling interval, and sets the starting water level and slope of the line.

[0084] S202. Obtain the cross-sectional water level at any distance from the starting point of the channel based on the channel GIS basic data, obtain the cross-sectional water level at any station number, and obtain the centerline feature points based on the channel GIS basic data.

[0085] S203. Obtain the cross-sectional parameters input by the user through human-computer interaction, and draw sampling lines on the channel plan map based on the centerline feature points and the cross-sectional parameters; the cross-sectional parameters include cross-sectional sampling range values, cross-sectional sampling intervals, cross-sectional water depth, channel bottom width, channel height, channel slope ratio, left road width, right road width, slope ratio, and fill slope ratio;

[0086] S204. Draw the cross-sectional terrain cutting line based on the cross-sectional parameters, the DEM data after the splitting process, and the sampling line.

[0087] S205. Based on the cross-sectional parameters, the water level at any station, and the centerline feature points, draw the cross-sectional feature lines; the cross-sectional feature lines include the channel bottom feature lines, the channel body slope feature lines, and the highway section feature lines.

[0088] S206. Take the object enclosed by the cross-sectional terrain cutting line and the cross-sectional feature line as the cross-sectional object, obtain the slope line corresponding to any cross-sectional object, and mark the slope line as the backfill line or the excavation line to complete the drawing of the cross-sectional terrain cutting line, the cross-sectional feature line and the slope line.

[0089] In one possible implementation, the water level at any distance from the channel starting point is obtained based on the channel GIS basic data, resulting in the water level at any station number, and the centerline feature points are obtained based on the channel GIS basic data, including:

[0090] S202.1. Based on the aforementioned channel GIS basic data, obtain the cross-sectional water level at any distance from the channel starting point, and obtain the cross-sectional water level at any station number as: Wi = W0 - Di * g; Wi represents the cross-sectional water level, W0 represents the water level at the starting point of the line, Di represents the distance between the cross-section and the starting point of the channel, and g represents the slope.

[0091] S202.2. Sample the geometric objects of the centerline of the canal system structure according to the longitudinal profile sampling interval, determine the coordinates of each centerline feature point, and obtain the centerline feature points.

[0092] S202.3 After determining the centerline feature points, the actual distance between the centerline feature points and the starting point of the channel can be determined based on the coordinates of the centerline feature points. Based on this actual distance and the expression for the water level of any station section, the water level of each centerline feature point can be determined for subsequent calculations.

[0093] In one possible implementation, the cross-sectional parameters input by the user through human-computer interaction are obtained, and sampling lines are drawn on the channel plan map based on the centerline feature points and the cross-sectional parameters, including:

[0094] S203.1 Obtain the cross-sectional parameters input by the user through human-computer interaction;

[0095] Obtain the line vector direction of each centerline feature point, and calculate the corresponding normal vector according to the right-hand rule;

[0096] S203.2. Take the cross-section sampling range value in the cross-section parameters as the offset distance, and draw sampling lines on both sides of the normal vector according to the offset distance.

[0097] For example, assuming the input cross-sectional sampling range value is RV, the line vector direction at each centerline feature point is calculated, and the corresponding normal vector is calculated according to the right-hand rule. The sampling line is drawn by offsetting the normal vector by RV distance to the left and right.

[0098] In one possible implementation, the cross-sectional terrain cutting line is drawn based on the cross-sectional parameters, the DEM data after zoning, and the sampling lines, including:

[0099] S204.1 Divide each sampling line according to the cross-sectional sampling interval in the cross-sectional parameters, and obtain the dividing point and its latitude and longitude coordinates, and use the dividing point as the difference feature point;

[0100] S204.2. Based on the latitude and longitude coordinates corresponding to the difference feature points, traverse the DEM data after the splitting process to determine the projected elevation values ​​of the difference feature points on the DEM data after the splitting process.

[0101] S204.3. Take the centerline feature point as the origin, and take the distance from the difference feature point on one side of the centerline to the centerline feature point as a negative value, and take the distance from the difference feature point on the other side of the centerline to the centerline feature point as a positive value, and take the distance from the difference feature point to its corresponding centerline feature point as the x-axis coordinate value.

[0102] S204.4. Use the projected elevation values ​​corresponding to the difference feature points as y-axis coordinate values ​​to obtain the projected feature points;

[0103] S204.5. Connect the projected feature points sequentially from one side of the centerline feature point to the other side to draw the cross-sectional terrain cutting line.

[0104] For example, the cross-sectional sampling interval can be first obtained as CDh. The latitude and longitude coordinates of the difference feature points can be calculated for the generated sampling lines according to CDh. Then, the index numbers of the DEM data after the subdivision processing can be traversed. Based on the latitude and longitude coordinates of the difference feature points and the latitude and longitude coordinates of the two diagonal points of the boundary box corresponding to the subdivision processing DEM data, it can be determined whether the difference feature points are within the range of a certain subdivision processing DEM data. If they are within the range of the subdivision processing DEM data, the projected elevation of the difference feature points on the corresponding subdivision processing DEM data can be calculated based on the subdivision raster data. From left to right, the distance from the sampling line feature point to the centerline feature point is used as the x-coordinate value (e.g., in...). Figure 3 In the schematic diagram shown, the left side is negative and the right side is positive. The corresponding grid elevation value is the y-coordinate value, and the cross-sectional terrain cutting line is drawn.

[0105] In one possible implementation, the cross-sectional feature line is drawn based on the cross-sectional parameters, the water level at any station, and the centerline feature points, including:

[0106] S205.1 Determine the water level of the centerline feature point based on the centerline feature point and the water level of any station section;

[0107] S205.2. Using the water level at the centerline feature point as the y-axis coordinate value and setting the x-axis coordinate value to zero, draw the water level feature point;

[0108] S205.3. Using the water level characteristic points as a reference, and based on the cross-sectional parameters such as cross-sectional water depth, channel bottom width, channel height, channel slope ratio, left road width, right road width, slope ratio, and fill slope ratio, draw cross-sectional characteristic lines. The cross-sectional characteristic lines are characteristic lines that ensure the channel characteristics and can be used to calculate the excavation and filling volumes.

[0109] Area calculation is fundamental to engineering quantity calculation. The cross-sectional shape of different routes constantly changes with terrain and building structure. A key challenge is determining the area and properties of cut-and-fill polygons by arranging slopes according to the terrain's undulations. Existing technologies often employ manual identification and closed polygon geometric calculation methods, which involve a significant workload in manually identifying closed polygons and determining their attributes. This application proposes a method for calculating the area of ​​cut-and-fill cross-sections and determining their properties. This method first divides the calculation area into channel sections, highway sections, and slope sections. Then, using the key node projection method, each section is sequentially divided into multiple quadrilaterals or triangles. The area and properties of the polygons are then calculated. Finally, polygons with the same properties are accumulated and summed.

[0110] For example, using the water level characteristic point as a reference, and based on the cross-sectional parameters such as cross-sectional water depth, channel bottom width, channel height, channel slope ratio, left-side road width, right-side road width, slope ratio, and fill slope ratio, the following parameters are calculated: Figure 3 Find the coordinates of p1, p2, p3, and ps, and connect the points in sequence to draw the cross-sectional feature lines.

[0111] For p1: p 1x =0, p 1y =Wi - Cross-sectional water depth;

[0112] For p2: p 2x =-Channel base plate width, p 2y =Wi - Cross-sectional water depth;

[0113] For p3: p 3x =-Channel bottom plate width-Channel slope ratio*Channel height, p 3y =Wi - Cross-sectional water depth + Channel body height;

[0114] For ps:p sx =-Channel bottom width-Channel slope ratio*Channel height-Width of left-side road, p sy =Wi - Cross-sectional water depth + Channel body height;

[0115] Where p1 represents the first contour line feature point, p2 represents the second contour line feature point, p3 represents the third contour line feature point, ps represents the starting point of the slope line, and p sx p represents the x-axis coordinate of the starting point of the slope line. sy This represents the y-axis coordinate value of the starting point of the slope line.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the excavation and filling volumes of the channel body, the excavation and filling volumes of the adjacent highway, and the excavation and filling volumes of the channel slope are obtained based on the cross-sectional topographic cut-off line, cross-sectional feature line, and slope line, including:

[0117] Based on the first contour line feature point, the second contour line feature point, and the third contour line feature point on the cross-sectional feature line, and drawing rays in the vertical direction from the first contour line feature point, the second contour line feature point, and the third contour line feature point, and determining the intersection point with the cross-sectional terrain cutting line, the first projection point, the second projection point, and the third projection point are obtained respectively.

[0118] When the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the cross-sectional feature line have no intersection or only one intersection, and the intersection point is located on the contour line feature point, the excavation and filling area of ​​the channel is obtained as follows:

[0119] ;

[0120] ;

[0121] Where A1 represents the first excavation and filling area, A2 represents the second excavation and filling area, and abs represents the absolute value of the value in parentheses; p 1y p represents the y-axis coordinate of the feature point of the first contour line. 2y p represents the y-axis coordinate value of the feature point of the second contour line. 2x p represents the x-axis coordinate value of the feature point of the second contour line. 3y p represents the y-axis coordinate of the feature point of the third contour line. 3x T represents the x-axis coordinate of the feature point of the third contour line. 1y T represents the y-axis coordinate of the first projection point. 2y T represents the y-axis coordinate of the second projection point. 3y This represents the y-axis coordinate of the third projection point;

[0122] When the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the cross-sectional feature line intersect at only one point, and the intersection point is not located on the contour line feature point, the intersection point of the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the cross-sectional feature line is calculated using a two-dimensional geometry library. This intersection point is used as the new contour line feature point, and the corresponding projection point is obtained. The four contour line feature points are then reordered in order of distance from the centerline from closest to furthest. Based on the reordered four contour line feature points and their corresponding projection points, the excavation and filling area of ​​the channel is obtained as follows:

[0123] ;

[0124] ;

[0125] ;

[0126] Where A3 represents the third excavation and filling area, This represents the y-axis coordinate of the first profile feature point after reordering. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the first profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the first profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the second profile feature point after reordering. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the second profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the second profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the third profile feature point after reordering. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the third profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the third profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the 4th profile feature point after reordering. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the 4th profile feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the 4th profile feature point after reordering.

[0127] like Figure 3 As shown, the first contour feature point p1, the second contour feature point p2, and the third contour feature point p3 can be projected onto the terrain surface to obtain the first projection point T1, the second projection point T2, and the third projection point T3. Then, the three cut-fill areas can be calculated as A1, A2, and A3, respectively.

[0128] When the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the cross-sectional feature line have only n intersection points, and the intersection points are not located on the contour line feature points, then the intersection points are used as new contour line feature points and the corresponding projection points are obtained. The n+3 contour line feature points are reordered in order of distance from the centerline from near to far. Based on the reordered n+3 contour line feature points and their corresponding projection points, the excavation and filling area of ​​the channel is obtained as follows:

[0129] ;

[0130] in, This represents the (n+2)th cut-and-fill area. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the (n+2)th feature point of the contour line after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the (n+2)th contour feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the (n+2)th contour feature point after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the (n+3)th feature point of the contour line after reordering. This represents the x-axis coordinate of the (n+3)th feature point of the contour line after reordering. This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the (n+3)th contour feature point after reordering, where n is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0131] Obtain the cut-and-fill area between the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the highway section to obtain the cut-and-fill area corresponding to the highway section; obtain the cut-and-fill area between the cross-sectional topographic cutting line and the slope line to obtain the cut-and-fill area corresponding to the slope section.

[0132] For example, obtaining the cut-and-fill area between the cross-sectional terrain cutting line and the highway section to obtain the cut-and-fill area corresponding to the highway section may include:

[0133] Similarly, when the feature line of a highway segment does not intersect with the cross-sectional topographic profile line, the corresponding cut-and-fill area of ​​the highway segment is obtained as follows:

[0134] B1=[abs(P sy -T sy )+abs(P 3y -T 3y )]*abs(P sx -P 3x ) / 2;

[0135] Where B1 represents the first cut-and-fill area of ​​the highway section, P sy P represents the y-axis coordinate of the starting point of the slope line. sx T represents the x-axis coordinate of the starting point of the slope line. sy This represents the y-axis coordinate of the projection point corresponding to the starting point of the slope line;

[0136] When the feature line of the highway segment intersects the feature line of the cross section at only one point, P b When the intersection point is not located on a feature point of the contour line, the cut-fill area corresponding to the highway section is obtained as follows:

[0137] B1=abs(P 3y -T 3y )*abs(P bx -P 3x ) / 2;

[0138] B2=abs(P sy -T sy )*abs(P sx -P bx ) / 2;

[0139] Where B2 represents the second cut-and-fill area of ​​the highway section, P by P represents the y-axis coordinate of the intersection point. bx The x-axis coordinates of the intersection points;

[0140] The cut-and-fill area between the cross-sectional terrain cutting line and the slope line is obtained, and the cut-and-fill area corresponding to the slope section is:

[0141] C=abs(P sy -T sy )*abs(P ex -P sx ) / 2;

[0142] Where C represents the excavation and filling area of ​​the slope section, P exThis represents the x-axis coordinate of the endpoint of the slope line. Methods for obtaining the endpoint of the slope line can include: drawing a slope ray starting from Ps; if the point ps is higher than the corresponding projection point, the slope ratio is the input slope ratio (vector direction downwards) or otherwise the fill slope ratio (vector direction upwards); then finding the intersection point of the ray and the cross-sectional terrain cutting line; this intersection point is Pe.

[0143] Based on the excavation and filling area corresponding to the channel, the excavation and filling area corresponding to the highway section, and the excavation and filling area corresponding to the slope section, the excavation and filling volume of the channel body, the excavation and filling volume of the adjacent highway, and the excavation and filling volume of the channel slope are obtained respectively.

[0144] For example, based on the excavation and filling area corresponding to the channel, the excavation and filling area corresponding to the highway section, and the excavation and filling area corresponding to the slope section, the excavation and filling volume of the channel body, the excavation and filling volume of the adjacent highway, and the excavation and filling volume of the channel slope are obtained respectively, including:

[0145] For any cut-fill area, determine whether the elevation of the projection point corresponding to the cut-fill area is greater than the elevation of the corresponding contour feature point. If so, determine that the cut-fill area attribute is cut; otherwise, determine that the cut-fill area attribute is fill.

[0146] For the channel, obtain the average first area of ​​the cut-fill area corresponding to the channel with the cut attribute in all cross sections, and multiply the average first area by the channel length to obtain the channel cut volume; obtain the average second area of ​​the cut-fill area corresponding to the channel with the fill attribute in all cross sections, and multiply the average second area by the channel length to obtain the channel fill volume; combine the channel cut volume and the channel fill volume as the channel body cut-fill volume;

[0147] For each highway section, the average of the third area corresponding to the cut-fill area of ​​the highway section with the cut attribute in all cross-sections is obtained, and the average of the third area is multiplied by the length of the highway section to obtain the cut volume of the highway section; the average of the fourth area corresponding to the cut-fill area of ​​the highway section with the fill attribute in all cross-sections is obtained, and the average of the fourth area is multiplied by the length of the highway section to obtain the fill volume of the highway section; the cut volume and fill volume of the highway section are combined as the cut-fill volume of the adjacent highway of the channel;

[0148] For the slope section, obtain the average of the fifth area corresponding to the cut and fill areas of the slope section with the cut attribute in all cross sections, and multiply the average of the fifth area by the length of the slope section to obtain the cut volume of the slope section; obtain the average of the sixth area corresponding to the cut and fill areas of the slope section with the fill attribute in all cross sections, and multiply the average of the sixth area by the length of the slope section to obtain the fill volume of the slope section; combine the cut volume and fill volume of the slope section as the total cut and fill volume of the channel slope.

[0149] Because the volume of excavation and filling is affected by the cross-sectional sampling interval, using a smaller longitudinal section sampling interval yields results closer to the true value. However, a smaller longitudinal section sampling interval requires more computational resources and time. Therefore, in this embodiment, a preset longitudinal section sampling interval is first used for calculation, and then the longitudinal section sampling interval is continuously adjusted using a bisection method for calculation. The calculation is terminated when the difference between the two calculated results of the target channel excavation and filling volume is lower than a preset threshold, and the result of the last calculation is used as the final calculation result, ensuring the reliability of the calculation result.

[0150] In one possible implementation, the GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes further includes:

[0151] The target channel excavation and filling volume is calculated using a preset longitudinal profile sampling interval. Then, the longitudinal profile sampling interval is adjusted using a bisection method, and the target channel excavation and filling volume is calculated again. This process continues until the difference between two target channel excavation and filling volumes is lower than a preset threshold. Finally, the target channel excavation and filling volume calculated last is taken as the final target channel excavation and filling volume.

[0152] The difference between the two target channel excavation and filling volumes being lower than a preset threshold means that the difference between the excavation volume and the filling volume of the two target channel excavation and filling volumes are both lower than a preset threshold.

[0153] This application's embodiments optimize the longitudinal section sampling interval, ensuring the reliability and efficiency of the cut and fill volume calculation results.

[0154] In one possible implementation, the GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes further includes:

[0155] Based on the channel body feature lines in the cross-section feature lines, obtain the first target intersection point between the cross-section terrain cutting line and the channel body feature lines;

[0156] When there is a first target intersection point on one side of the channel and no intersection point on the other side, determine whether the y-axis coordinate value of the third projection point corresponding to the third contour feature point on the side without intersection point is less than the y-axis coordinate value of the third contour feature point. If so, the y-axis coordinate value of the third contour feature point is taken as the bottom elevation of the channel; otherwise, the y-axis coordinate value of the third contour feature point is taken as the top elevation of the channel.

[0157] When there are no intersections on either side of the channel, the y-axis coordinates of the feature points of the third contour line are all taken as the elevation of the channel bottom.

[0158] When there is a first target intersection point on each side of the channel, calculate the elevation of the first target intersection point on each side of the channel, and then take the minimum value of the y-axis coordinate of the feature point of the third contour line.

[0159] Based on the adjusted third contour feature points, the excavation and filling volume of the target channel is recalculated.

[0160] It is worth noting that the y-axis coordinate of the starting point of the slope line should also be updated together with the y-axis coordinate of the third contour line feature points, and the update method should be the same. Generally, there will be third contour line feature points on both the left and right sides of the channel, which can be calculated separately. When calculating other data, the calculation can also be performed according to the corresponding positions.

[0161] For rectangular cross-sections, the cross-section is optimized. The optimization process is reflected in step 2. The main optimization direction is to reduce the road elevation of semi-cut and semi-fill and pure fill channels, thereby reducing the excavation and filling range of the road and both sides, and ultimately reducing the amount of work and land acquisition, making the design more reasonable.

[0162] In this application's embodiments, the management road is assumed to be located on the top of the canal. During the detailed design process, designers will optimize the cross-section design based on surrounding features such as roads, houses, and farmland. Common methods include lowering the elevation of the management road and setting retaining walls at the toe of the slope to reduce the amount of fill and narrow the land acquisition boundary. Therefore, this application designs a high-fill cross-section optimization method, the specific implementation steps of which include:

[0163] The configuration optimization principles include the symmetry principle (i.e., the cut-and-fill baseline elevations on both sides are equal to ensure structural stability), the reference plane line high value principle (i.e., when the intersection heights of the left and right sidewalls and the ground line are inconsistent, the cut-and-fill baseline elevation is taken as the larger value to reduce the amount of excavation), and the reference plane line low value principle (the cut-and-fill baseline elevation is taken as the smaller value to reduce the amount of fill). The default configuration uses the symmetry principle and the reference plane line low value principle.

[0164] Calculate the number of intersections between the cross-sectional topographic profile line and the sidewalls on both sides of the channel. When there is an intersection on one side and no intersection on the other, calculate the elevation of the topographic projection point corresponding to the feature point on the sidewall without intersection. If the elevation of the projection point is lower than the channel bottom elevation, the elevation of the cut-and-fill baseline on both sides is taken as the channel bottom elevation (referencing the principle of lower elevation of the horizontal line and the principle of symmetry). If the elevation of the projection point is higher than the channel top elevation, the elevation of the cut-and-fill baseline on both sides is taken as the channel top elevation (referencing the principle of higher elevation of the horizontal line and the principle of symmetry).

[0165] When there are no intersections on either side, no optimization is performed on the cross-section for pure cut sections. For pure fill sections, the elevation of the fill baseline on both sides is taken as the bottom elevation of the channel (referencing the principle of the lowest horizontal line value and the principle of symmetry). When there is one intersection on each side, the elevation of the intersection on both sides is calculated separately, and the minimum value of the intersection elevation is taken as the cut-fill baseline elevation on both sides (referring to the principle of the lowest horizontal line value and the principle of symmetry).

[0166] Based on the baseline elevation, the cross-sectional excavation and filling area is recalculated repeatedly.

[0167] Optionally, the land acquisition boundary can be automatically calculated based on the above data. The specific calculation results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0168] The land acquisition boundary line is the basis for calculating land acquisition and resettlement investment. Current technologies mostly use the empirical method of contour line delineation on planar maps. Therefore, after obtaining the cross-sectional slope line corresponding to each sampling line, the intersection points of the left and right slope lines with the terrain curve can be calculated as Pel and Per, respectively. The distances from Pel and Per to the center line can then be calculated as Ll and Lr, respectively.

[0169] The safe input distance for human-computer interaction input is Sd. Sd is added to Ll and Lr respectively to obtain LD and RD. Then, the key contour points on the left and right sides of the sampling line corresponding to the sampling point of the planar line are calculated as (P...). i l, P i r); where P i l represents the i-th key contour point on the left, P i r represents the i-th key contour point on the right, i=1,2,…,N, where N represents the total number of key contour points, LD=Ll+Sd, RD=Lr+Sd, P i The x-coordinate of l = Pi x -LD•V ix P i The y-coordinate of l is Pi y -LD•V iy ;P i The x-coordinate of r = Pi x +RD•V ix P i The y-coordinate of r = Piy + RD•V iy Pi x This represents the x-coordinate of the feature point Pi on the centerline. y V represents the y-coordinate of the feature point Pi on the centerline. ix V represents the x-direction component of the unit vector of the sampling line corresponding to the feature point Pi on the centerline. iy This represents the y-direction component of the unit vector of the sampling line corresponding to the feature point Pi on the centerline.

[0170] Store boundary points (P1l, P2l...P1l) sequentially. N-1 l, P N l, P N r, P N-1 r...P2r、P1r), return the closed polyline formed by the boundary points as the land acquisition boundary line.

[0171] The land acquisition boundary lines are checked and divided by their own intersections, and the polygon with the largest remaining area is taken as the final land acquisition boundary line.

[0172] Since canal construction typically traverses areas involving both earthwork and rock excavation, existing excavation and filling volume calculation techniques rarely consider the detailed calculation of earthwork and rock excavation. Therefore, this application's embodiments design a method for detailed calculation of earthwork and rock excavation volumes, providing a reference for improving the accuracy of engineering investment estimation.

[0173] In one possible implementation, the GIS-based method for obtaining channel excavation and filling volumes further includes:

[0174] Obtain the coordinates of geological borehole locations and the corresponding depths of the soil-rock boundary lines input through human-computer interaction;

[0175] Based on the coordinates of the geological borehole points, the two closest boreholes upstream and downstream of the centerline feature point are searched cyclically as ZK1 and ZK2; where ZK1 represents the first closest borehole and ZK2 represents the second closest borehole.

[0176] Based on the depth of the soil-rock boundary line, find the depth of the first soil-rock boundary line corresponding to the first nearest borehole, which is H. ts1 And the depth of the second soil-rock boundary corresponding to the second most recent borehole is H. ts2 ;

[0177] Based on the first nearest borehole, the second nearest borehole, the depth of the first soil-rock boundary, and the depth of the second soil-rock boundary, the depth of the soil-rock boundary at the sampling point is obtained as follows:

[0178] ;

[0179] in, Indicates the depth of the soil-rock boundary at the sampling point. This represents the horizontal distance from the first nearest borehole point to the feature point on the channel centerline. This represents the horizontal distance from the second nearest borehole point to the feature point on the channel centerline;

[0180] Draw an elevation of H on the cross-sectional object. ts The horizontal baseline of the soil-rock boundary is obtained, and the second target intersection point between the horizontal baseline of the soil-rock boundary and the polygon corresponding to the cut-fill area is obtained;

[0181] When the number of intersection points of the second target is 0 or 1, it is determined whether the centroid elevation of the polygon corresponding to the excavation and filling area is greater than the depth of the soil-rock boundary line of the sampling point. If so, the excavation and filling area is determined to be the earthwork area; otherwise, the excavation and filling area is determined to be the rockwork area.

[0182] When the number of intersections of the second target is greater than 1, the centroids of polygons below the baseline elevation are added to the rock property group, and the centroids of polygons above the baseline elevation are added to the earth property group.

[0183] The first total distance from the centroid of the polygon in the grouping of stone properties to the baseline is HA= And the second total distance from the centroid of the polygon to the baseline in the earthwork property grouping is HB= ;in, Let be the elevation difference between the centroid of the h-th polygon in the rock-moving property group and the baseline, where n is the total number of polygon centroids in the rock-moving property group. Let be the elevation difference between the centroid of the j-th polygon in the earthwork property group and the baseline, and m be the total number of polygon centroids in the earthwork property group.

[0184] Based on the first total distance and the second total distance, the percentage of stone area and the percentage of earth area are obtained as follows: ; This represents the percentage of the area occupied by stone. This represents the percentage of earthwork area.

[0185] Based on the stated proportions of stone and earthwork areas, the area of ​​stone and earthwork is determined as follows: Area1 = ×A, Area2= ×A; Area1 is the area of ​​stone excavation, and Area2 is the area of ​​earth excavation.

[0186] The earth excavation volume is obtained based on the earth area, and the rock excavation volume is obtained based on the rock area; the earth excavation volume and the rock excavation volume are added together to obtain the target channel excavation and filling volume.

[0187] The embodiments of this application calculate the soil-rock boundary depth of the sampling feature points of the route based on the depth of the soil-rock boundary line of the associated geological borehole points, and further subdivide and calculate the earthwork volume of the route, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel investment cost estimation.

[0188] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0189] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0190] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0191] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0192] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0193] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A GIS-based method for obtaining channel cut-and-fill volume, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: obtaining DEM data of a channel and performing framing processing on the DEM data to obtain DEM data after framing processing; obtaining channel GIS basic data and cross section parameters input by a user through human-computer interaction, and drawing relevant cross section terrain cutting lines, cross section feature lines and slope lines on a channel plane map based on the channel GIS basic data, the cross section parameters and the DEM data after framing processing; obtaining channel body excavation and filling volume, channel adjacent road excavation and filling volume and channel slope excavation and filling volume according to the cross section terrain cutting lines, the cross section feature lines and the slope lines, and adding the channel body excavation and filling volume, the channel adjacent road excavation and filling volume and the channel slope excavation and filling volume to obtain target channel excavation and filling volume; obtaining channel body excavation and filling volume, channel adjacent road excavation and filling volume and channel slope excavation and filling volume according to the cross section terrain cutting lines, the cross section feature lines and the slope lines, comprising: obtaining first projection points, second projection points and third projection points according to first profile line feature points, second profile line feature points and third profile line feature points on the cross section feature lines, and performing vertical direction ray casting on the first profile line feature points, the second profile line feature points and the third profile line feature points, and determining intersection points with the cross section terrain cutting lines; when the cross section terrain cutting lines and the cross section feature lines have no intersection point or only one intersection point and the intersection point is located on the profile line feature points, obtaining a channel excavation and filling area as follows: ； ； wherein A1 represents a first excavation and filling area, A2 represents a second excavation and filling area, abs represents an absolute value of a value in a parenthesis; p 1y represents a y-axis coordinate value of a first contour line feature point, p 2y represents a y-axis coordinate value of a second contour line feature point, p 2x represents an x-axis coordinate value of a second contour line feature point, p 3y represents a y-axis coordinate value of a third contour line feature point, p 3x represents an x-axis coordinate value of a third contour line feature point, T 1y represents a y-axis coordinate value of a first projection point, T 2y represents a y-axis coordinate value of a second projection point, T 3y represents a y-axis coordinate value of a third projection point; when the cross section terrain cutting lines and the cross section feature lines have only one intersection point and the intersection point is not located on the profile line feature points, calculating intersection points of the cross section terrain cutting lines and the cross section feature lines by using a two-dimensional geometry library, taking the intersection points as new profile line feature points and corresponding projection points, reordering four profile line feature points from near to far according to distances from the center line, and obtaining a channel excavation and filling area according to the four profile line feature points and the corresponding projection points as follows: ； ； ； A3 represents a third excavation and filling area, represents a y-axis coordinate value of the first contour feature point after reordering, represents an x-axis coordinate value of the first contour feature point after reordering, represents a y-axis coordinate value of the projection point corresponding to the first contour feature point after reordering, represents a y-axis coordinate value of the second contour feature point after reordering, represents an x-axis coordinate value of the second contour feature point after reordering, represents a y-axis coordinate value of the projection point corresponding to the second contour feature point after reordering, represents a y-axis coordinate value of the third contour feature point after reordering, represents an x-axis coordinate value of the third contour feature point after reordering, represents a y-axis coordinate value of the projection point corresponding to the third contour feature point after reordering, represents a y-axis coordinate value of the fourth contour feature point after reordering, represents an x-axis coordinate value of the fourth contour feature point after reordering, represents a y-axis coordinate value of the projection point corresponding to the fourth contour feature point after reordering; when the cross section terrain cutting lines and the cross section feature lines have n intersection points and the intersection points are not located on the profile line feature points, taking the intersection points as new profile line feature points and corresponding projection points, reordering n+3 profile line feature points from near to far according to distances from the center line, and obtaining a channel excavation and filling area according to the n+3 profile line feature points and the corresponding projection points as follows: ； wherein, denotes the nth+2 excavation and filling area, denotes the x-axis coordinate value of the nth+2 contour feature point after reordering, denotes the y-axis coordinate value of the nth+2 contour feature point after reordering, denotes the y-axis coordinate value of the projection point corresponding to the nth+2 contour feature point after reordering, denotes the y-axis coordinate value of the nth+3 contour feature point after reordering, denotes the x-axis coordinate value of the nth+3 contour feature point after reordering, denotes the y-axis coordinate value of the projection point corresponding to the nth+3 contour feature point after reordering, n is a positive integer greater than 1; obtaining a road section corresponding excavation and filling area by obtaining an excavation and filling area between the cross section terrain cutting lines and the road section, and obtaining a slope section corresponding excavation and filling area by obtaining an excavation and filling area between the cross section terrain cutting lines and the slope lines; obtaining channel body excavation and filling volume, channel adjacent road excavation and filling volume and channel slope excavation and filling volume according to the channel corresponding excavation and filling area, the road section corresponding excavation and filling area and the slope section corresponding excavation and filling area.

2. The GIS-based method for obtaining channel cut-and-fill volume according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining channel GIS basic data and cross section parameters input by a user through human-computer interaction, and based on the channel GIS basic data, the cross section parameters and DEM data after frame processing, drawing relevant cross section terrain cutting lines, cross section characteristic lines and slope lines on a channel plane map, comprising: Obtaining a channel plane map input by a user through human-computer interaction, the channel plane map containing channel GIS basic data, the channel plane map including channel system building line route center line geometric objects, longitudinal section sampling interval, setting line starting point water level and slope; Obtaining cross section water level at any distance from a channel starting point according to the channel GIS basic data, obtaining any stake number cross section water level, and obtaining center line characteristic points according to the channel GIS basic data; Obtaining cross section parameters input by a user through human-computer interaction, and based on the center line characteristic points and the cross section parameters, drawing a sampling line on the channel plane map; the cross section parameters including cross section sampling range value, cross section sampling interval, cross section water depth, channel bottom plate width, channel body height, channel body slope ratio, left side road width, right side road width, slope ratio and fill slope ratio; Drawing cross section terrain cutting lines according to the cross section parameters, DEM data after frame processing and the sampling line; Drawing cross section characteristic lines according to the cross section parameters, any stake number cross section water level and the center line characteristic points; the cross section characteristic lines including channel bottom characteristic lines, channel body slope section characteristic lines and highway section characteristic lines; Taking an object surrounded by the cross section terrain cutting lines and the cross section characteristic lines as a cross section object, obtaining a slope line corresponding to any one cross section object, and marking the slope line as a backfill line or an excavation line, completing drawing of the cross section terrain cutting lines, the cross section characteristic lines and the slope lines. 3.The GIS-based method for obtaining channel cut-and-fill volume according to claim 2, characterized in that, Obtaining cross section water level at any distance from a channel starting point according to the channel GIS basic data, obtaining any stake number cross section water level, and obtaining center line characteristic points according to the channel GIS basic data, comprising: Obtaining cross section water level at any distance from a channel starting point according to the channel GIS basic data, obtaining any stake number cross section water level, and obtaining center line characteristic points according to the channel GIS basic data, comprising: Obtaining cross section water level at any distance from a channel starting point according to the channel GIS basic data, obtaining any stake number cross section water level as Wi=W0-Di*g; Wi represents cross section water level, W0 represents line starting point water level, Di represents distance between a cross section and the channel starting point, and g represents slope; 4. The GIS-based method for obtaining channel cut-and-fill volume according to claim 2, wherein, Sampling on the channel system building line route center line geometric objects according to the longitudinal section sampling interval, determining coordinates of each center line characteristic point, and obtaining the center line characteristic points. Obtaining cross section parameters input by a user through human-computer interaction, and based on the center line characteristic points and the cross section parameters, drawing a sampling line on the channel plane map, comprising: Obtaining cross section parameters input by a user through human-computer interaction; Obtaining line vector directions of each center line characteristic point, and calculating corresponding normal vectors according to right hand rule; Taking cross section sampling range value in the cross section parameters as offset distance, and drawing sampling lines on both sides of the normal vector by offset distance. 5.The GIS-based method for obtaining channel cut-and-fill volume according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the cross-sectional parameters, the DEM data after tile processing, and the sampling lines, the cross-sectional terrain cutting lines are drawn, including: The sampling lines are divided according to the cross-sectional sampling interval in the cross-sectional parameters, and the dividing points and their latitude and longitude coordinates are obtained. The dividing points are used as difference feature points. Based on the latitude and longitude coordinates corresponding to the difference feature points, the DEM data after the splitting process is traversed to determine the projected elevation values ​​of the difference feature points on the DEM data after the splitting process. The centerline feature point is taken as the origin, and the distance from the difference feature point on one side of the centerline to the centerline feature point is taken as a negative value, while the distance from the difference feature point on the other side of the centerline to the centerline feature point is taken as a positive value. The distance from the difference feature point to its corresponding centerline feature point is taken as the x-axis coordinate value. The projected elevation values ​​corresponding to the difference feature points are used as the y-axis coordinate values ​​to obtain the projected feature points; By sequentially projecting feature points from one side of the centerline feature point to the other, the cross-sectional terrain cutting line is drawn. 6.The GIS-based method for obtaining channel cut-and-fill volume according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the cross-sectional parameters, the water level at any station, and the centerline feature points, draw the cross-sectional feature lines, including: The water level at the centerline feature point is determined based on the centerline feature point and the water level at any station section. Use the water level at the centerline feature point as the y-axis coordinate value and set the x-axis coordinate value to zero to draw the water level feature point; Using the water level feature points as a reference, and based on the cross-sectional parameters such as cross-sectional water depth, channel bottom width, channel height, channel slope ratio, left road width, right road width, slope ratio, and fill slope ratio, cross-sectional feature lines are drawn.

7. The GIS-based method for obtaining channel cut-and-fill volume according to claim 2, wherein, Also includes: The target channel excavation and filling volume is calculated using a preset longitudinal profile sampling interval. Then, the longitudinal profile sampling interval is adjusted using a bisection method, and the target channel excavation and filling volume is calculated again. This process continues until the difference between two target channel excavation and filling volumes is lower than a preset threshold. Finally, the target channel excavation and filling volume calculated last is taken as the final target channel excavation and filling volume. The difference between the two target channel excavation and filling volumes being lower than a preset threshold means that the difference between the excavation volume and the filling volume of the two target channel excavation and filling volumes are both lower than a preset threshold. 8.The GIS-based method for obtaining channel cut-and-fill volume according to claim 6, wherein, Also includes: When there is a first target intersection point on one side of the channel and no intersection point on the other side, determine whether the y-axis coordinate value of the third projection point corresponding to the third contour feature point on the side without intersection point is less than the y-axis coordinate value of the third contour feature point. If so, the y-axis coordinate value of the third contour feature point is taken as the bottom elevation of the channel; otherwise, the y-axis coordinate value of the third contour feature point is taken as the top elevation of the channel. When there are no intersections on either side of the channel, the y-axis coordinates of the feature points of the third contour line are all taken as the elevation of the channel bottom. When there is a first target intersection point on each side of the channel, calculate the elevation of the first target intersection point on each side of the channel, and then take the minimum value of the y-axis coordinate of the feature point of the third contour line. Based on the adjusted third contour feature points, the excavation and filling volume of the target channel is recalculated. 9.The GIS-based method for obtaining channel cut-and-fill volume according to claim 6, wherein, Also includes: Obtain the coordinates of geological borehole locations and the corresponding depths of the soil-rock boundary lines input through human-computer interaction; According to the geological drilling point coordinates, two nearest drilling holes upstream and downstream of the center line feature point are found in a loop, which are ZK1 and ZK2; wherein ZK1 represents the first nearest drilling hole, and ZK2 represents the second nearest drilling hole; According to the soil-rock division line depth, the first soil-rock division line depth Hts1 corresponding to the first nearest drilling hole and the second soil-rock division line depth Hts2 corresponding to the second nearest drilling hole are found; According to the first nearest drilling hole, the second nearest drilling hole, the first soil-rock division line depth, and the second soil-rock division line depth, the sampling point soil-rock division line depth is obtained as: ； wherein, represents the depth of the soil-rock boundary line of the sampling point, represents the horizontal distance from the first nearest drilling point to the characteristic point of the channel center line, represents the horizontal distance from the second nearest drilling point to the characteristic point of the channel center line; drawing a soil-rock division horizontal baseline with an elevation of H ts on the cross-section object, and obtaining a second target intersection point between the soil-rock division horizontal baseline and a polygon corresponding to the excavation-filling area. When the number of the second target intersection points is 0 or 1, it is judged whether the centroid elevation corresponding to the polygon corresponding to the excavation and filling area is greater than the sampling point soil-rock division line depth, if yes, it is determined that the excavation and filling area is a soil side area, otherwise it is determined that the excavation and filling area is a stone side area; When the number of the second target intersection points is greater than 1, the polygon centroids below the baseline elevation are added to the stone side area grouping, and the polygon centroids above the baseline elevation are added to the soil side area grouping; The first total distance of the polygon centroids in the stone side area grouping to the baseline and the second total distance of the polygon centroids in the soil side area grouping to the baseline are obtained; According to the first total distance and the second total distance, the stone side area ratio and the soil side area ratio are obtained; According to the stone side area ratio and the soil side area ratio, the stone side area and the soil side area are respectively determined; According to the soil side area, the soil excavation amount is obtained, and according to the stone side area, the stone excavation amount is obtained; the soil excavation amount and the stone excavation amount are added to obtain the target channel excavation and filling amount.

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