Communication power supply capacity expansion and power distribution management system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution systems, and particularly discloses a communication power supply capacity expansion and power distribution management system. The system comprises a hot plug capacity expansion unit, an intelligent power distribution unit and a system collaborative management unit, and the hot plug capacity expansion unit is used for completing online addition, deletion and replacement operation of a power supply module under the condition that the system is not powered off; the intelligent power distribution unit is used for monitoring the load state in real time and dynamically distributing power resources; and the system collaborative management unit is used for overall planning and coordinating the capacity expansion operation and the power distribution strategy and ensuring the stable operation of the system in the capacity adjustment process. According to the invention, through cooperation of online capacity expansion and dynamic power distribution, uninterruptible power supply module addition, deletion and replacement, load real-time monitoring and power resource optimization distribution, and global coordination of a capacity expansion process and a power distribution strategy are realized. The maintenance flexibility, the power supply reliability and the operation continuity of the communication power supply can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power distribution system technology, specifically relating to a communication power supply expansion and power distribution management system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of communication network infrastructure, communication power supplies are a core component ensuring the continuous and stable operation of communication equipment. Their reliability and maintainability directly affect the quality of the entire communication service. Communication power supplies typically include key components such as rectifier modules, power distribution units, and battery packs, responsible for providing uninterrupted power to communication nodes such as base stations and data centers.

[0003] The expansion and distribution management of communication power supplies are key technical aspects of communication network operation and maintenance. With the growth of communication traffic and the expansion of network coverage, the capacity of existing communication power supplies often needs to be increased in a timely manner to meet load demands. At the same time, power distribution management must ensure the rational allocation of power resources and fault isolation.

[0004] In existing technologies, communication power supply expansion commonly employs a mechanically pluggable module design. When replacing or adding power modules, the entire communication power supply must be disconnected, leading to service interruptions for base stations or communication equipment. This non-hot-swappable design not only poses a risk of communication service interruption but also limits the time window for maintenance operations, making it impossible to achieve flexible online allocation of communication power resources.

[0005] Furthermore, traditional power distribution management lacks intelligent coordination of the capacity expansion process, making it difficult to dynamically adjust communication power supply capacity and balance loads without downtime. This can easily lead to power supply reliability issues when dealing with sudden load increases or module failures. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system solution that can realize online capacity expansion and intelligent power distribution management for communication power supplies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing communication power supplies, such as the need for a complete power outage during capacity expansion leading to service interruption, and the lack of intelligent coordination in power distribution management resulting in insufficient power supply reliability, this invention provides a communication power supply capacity expansion and distribution management system, including a hot-swappable capacity expansion unit, an intelligent power distribution unit, and a system collaborative management unit. The hot-swappable expansion unit is used to perform online addition, deletion, and replacement operations of power modules without interrupting system power supply. The intelligent power distribution unit is used to monitor the load status in real time and dynamically allocate power resources; The system collaborative management unit is used to coordinate the capacity expansion operation and power distribution strategy to ensure the stable operation of the system during the capacity adjustment process; The hot-swappable expansion unit includes a modular power supply assembly, a live connection interface, and a status synchronization controller. The intelligent power distribution unit includes a load monitoring module, dynamic distribution logic, and a fault isolation actuator. The system collaborative management unit includes a capacity expansion coordinator, a policy arbitrator, and a global state database.

[0007] Preferably, the modular power supply component adopts standardized packaging and electrical specifications, and its output terminals are connected to the system DC bus through a live connection interface; The live connection interface integrates a multi-level contact sequence and a pre-charging circuit. During the insertion of the power module, the control logic of the live connection interface ensures that the potential difference between the output terminal of the modular power component and the DC bus of the system is gradually balanced within a safe threshold. After the physical connection of the power module is established, the state synchronization controller automatically obtains the rated power, current output capability and health status parameters of the power module, and synchronizes these parameters to the system collaborative management unit. The load monitoring module continuously collects current, voltage and power factor data of each power distribution branch and calculates its real-time load rate. The dynamic allocation logic performs power resource allocation calculations based on the output of the load monitoring module and the expansion status information from the system collaborative management unit. The fault isolation actuator is built into each power distribution branch. When an overload or short circuit fault is detected in the power distribution branch, it can cut off the power supply to the power distribution branch within milliseconds and report the fault information. The capacity expansion coordinator receives capacity expansion instructions from maintenance personnel or capacity expansion requests automatically triggered according to preset capacity thresholds, and generates an online capacity expansion operation sequence. The strategy arbitrator receives load data and fault information from the intelligent power distribution unit, and, in conjunction with the capacity expansion process provided by the capacity expansion coordinator, makes a comprehensive decision on the current optimal power distribution strategy. The global status database stores the static parameters and real-time operating data of all online power modules, historical load records of each power distribution branch, and system protection configuration parameters.

[0008] Preferably, the multi-level contact sequence of the electrically connected interface includes a pilot contact, a power contact, and a signal contact; The pilot contact is the first to make contact during physical connection, and is used to establish a communication link between the power module and the system and to perform identity authentication and parameter pre-synchronization. The power contact then engages, and its engagement process is controlled by a pre-charge circuit; the pre-charge circuit includes a current-limiting resistor and a parallel electronic switch. In the initial stage of power contact closure, current flows through the current-limiting resistor to limit inrush current; When the system detects that the difference between the output voltage of the power module and the DC bus voltage of the system is less than 2 volts, the electronic switch closes to short-circuit the current-limiting resistor, and the power module enters the full power output mode. The final contact of the signal contact ensures a secure connection and is used to transmit real-time telemetry data from the power module and receive system control commands.

[0009] Preferably, the parameter synchronization process of the state synchronization controller adopts a version verification mechanism; When the parameter version of a newly inserted power module is inconsistent with the system standard parameter version stored in the global state database, the state synchronization controller initiates a parameter negotiation process. The parameter negotiation process first attempts to download the system's standard parameters to the newly inserted power module; If the newly inserted power module is supported and the update is successful, the synchronization is complete. If the newly inserted power module does not support this parameter version, the state synchronization controller will identify the newly inserted power module as a restricted operating mode and limit its maximum available output power to 70% of the rated value, while simultaneously issuing an alarm to the system coordination management unit.

[0010] Preferably, the power resource allocation calculation of the dynamic allocation logic is based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm; The objective function of the multi-objective optimization algorithm simultaneously considers minimizing the maximum system load rate, minimizing power distribution losses, and maximizing the system power supply redundancy. The constraints include the upper and lower limits of output for each power module, the upper limit of capacity for each power distribution branch, and the operational constraints issued by the system collaborative management unit.

[0011] Preferably, after the fault isolation actuator disconnects the faulty power distribution branch, the dynamic allocation logic immediately starts the load transfer procedure; The execution logic of the load transfer procedure depends on a pre-configured load priority list and power supply topology. When a faulty distribution branch is disconnected, the dynamic allocation logic immediately retrieves the load priority list, identifies the highest priority load affected, and finds an adjacent distribution branch with backup capacity as a backup distribution branch based on the power supply topology. Subsequently, by controlling the static switching switches installed at critical nodes, the power supply circuit of the highest priority load is switched to the backup power distribution branch.

[0012] Preferably, the online expansion operation sequence generation of the expansion coordinator relies on a finite state machine-based control model; the finite state machine control model defines five main states from expansion initialization, module pre-connection, parameter synchronization, power ramp-up to steady-state operation; The expansion coordinator monitors every state transition throughout the process, and only allows entry into the next state after all security and technical conditions of the previous state have been met.

[0013] Preferably, the strategy arbitrator evaluates system stability indicators in real time during the expansion process; If the system stability indicators exceed the safe range, the policy arbitrator has the right to suspend or terminate the expansion sequence and instruct the system to return to the stable operating state before the expansion.

[0014] Preferably, the global status database adopts a timestamp-based data recording method, and the output history, load data and fault events of all power modules are stored in time series format; These time-series data are used to support trend analysis and predictive maintenance decisions made by the system's collaborative management unit; The system's collaborative management unit's built-in analysis engine periodically analyzes these time-series data to identify the performance degradation trend of power modules or the periodic patterns of load, and generates expansion suggestions or maintenance warnings in advance.

[0015] Preferably, the objective function of the multi-objective optimization algorithm is implemented by a weighted sum; the maximum system load rate is obtained by calculating the peak load rate of all distribution branches; the distribution loss is modeled based on the current and resistance parameters of the distribution branches; and the power supply redundancy is defined as the ratio of the difference between the total available capacity of the system and the total load demand.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention, by introducing a hot-swappable expansion unit, enables the online addition, deletion, and replacement of power modules, completely eliminating the risk of communication service interruption caused by power expansion. The coordinated operation of the live connection interface and the status synchronization controller ensures electrical safety and system parameter consistency during the power module connection process, freeing maintenance operations from the constraints of power outage time windows, and greatly improving the flexibility of communication power supply maintenance and the availability of the communication network.

[0017] 2. This invention, through the deep integration of intelligent power distribution units and system collaborative management units, constructs an intelligent power distribution management system capable of dynamically responding to load changes and system topology alterations. The dynamic allocation logic, based on real-time calculations using multi-objective optimization, ensures optimal allocation of power resources under different load conditions. The rapid response capabilities of fault isolation and load transfer mechanisms limit the impact of localized faults, guarantee the continuity of power supply to core communication equipment, and improve the overall reliability and resilience of the communication power supply.

[0018] 3. This invention seamlessly integrates independent capacity expansion operations with continuous power distribution management through the global coordination and decision-making functions of the system collaborative management unit. The capacity expansion coordinator ensures a smooth and controllable capacity growth process, while the strategy arbitrator makes globally optimal decisions when the system state changes, avoiding mutual interference between the capacity expansion process and operation and maintenance. This collaborative management mechanism enables the system to adapt to complex operating conditions and changing maintenance needs, providing a solid technical foundation for the intelligent and automated operation and maintenance of communication power supplies. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall technical solution architecture of the communication power supply expansion and distribution management system proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the core principle framework of the hot-swappable expansion unit in this invention; Figure 3 This is a logical flow diagram of the intelligent power distribution unit in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-level interaction relationship and data flow of the system collaborative management unit in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-level contact sequence and pre-charge control principle of the electrically connected interface in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the principle framework of the multi-objective optimization algorithm with dynamic allocation logic in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Please refer to the attached document. Figures 1 to 6 This embodiment details the specific technical implementation of a communication power supply expansion and distribution management system. The system consists of a hot-swappable expansion unit, an intelligent power distribution unit, and a system collaborative management unit. Each unit achieves online expansion and intelligent power distribution management of the communication power supply through electrical connections and data interaction.

[0021] The hot-swappable expansion unit is responsible for adding, deleting, and replacing power modules online without interrupting system power.

[0022] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 2 The hot-swappable expansion unit includes a modular power supply assembly, a live connection interface, and a status synchronization controller.

[0023] The modular power supply unit adopts standardized packaging and electrical specifications, and its output terminals are connected to the system DC bus through a live connection interface.

[0024] The live connection interface integrates a multi-level contact sequence and a pre-charge circuit. The multi-level contact sequence includes pilot contacts, power contacts, and signal contacts.

[0025] The pilot contact is the first to make contact during the power module insertion process. It is used to establish a communication link between the power module and the system, and to perform authentication and parameter pre-synchronization.

[0026] The power contacts then engage, and the engagement process is controlled by the pre-charge circuit.

[0027] The pre-charge circuit includes a current-limiting resistor and a parallel electronic switch.

[0028] In the initial stage of power contact closure, current flows through the current-limiting resistor to limit inrush current; when the system detects that the difference between the power module output voltage and the system DC bus voltage is less than 2 volts, the electronic switch closes to short-circuit the current-limiting resistor, and the power module enters full power output mode.

[0029] The final contact of the signal contacts ensures a secure connection and is used to transmit real-time telemetry data from the power module and receive system control commands.

[0030] After the physical connection of the power module is established, the status synchronization controller automatically obtains the rated power, current output capability and health status parameters of the power module, and synchronizes these parameters to the system collaborative management unit.

[0031] The parameter synchronization process of the state synchronization controller adopts a version verification mechanism.

[0032] When the parameter version of a newly inserted power module is inconsistent with the system standard parameter version stored in the global state database, the state synchronization controller initiates a parameter negotiation process.

[0033] The parameter negotiation process first attempts to download the system standard parameters to the newly inserted power module. If the newly inserted power module supports and successfully updates, the process is completed synchronously. If the newly inserted power module does not support the parameter version, the status synchronization controller identifies the newly inserted power module as a restricted operating mode and limits its maximum available output power to 70% of the rated value. At the same time, it sends an alarm message to the system collaborative management unit, prompting that the module needs to be replaced or the system parameter compatibility needs to be upgraded.

[0034] The intelligent power distribution unit is responsible for monitoring the load status in real time and dynamically allocating power resources. Please refer to the appendix. Figure 3 The intelligent power distribution unit consists of a load monitoring module, dynamic distribution logic, and a fault isolation actuator.

[0035] The load monitoring module continuously collects current, voltage and power factor data of each power distribution branch and calculates its real-time load rate.

[0036] The dynamic allocation logic performs power resource allocation calculations based on the output data of the load monitoring module and the expansion status information provided by the system collaborative management unit.

[0037] The power resource allocation calculation prioritizes load balancing and distribution reliability. When the system is expanded online, the dynamic allocation logic recalculates and issues the power allocation limit for each distribution branch based on the new capacity and the existing load distribution.

[0038] The power resource allocation calculation of the dynamic allocation logic is based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm. The objective function of this multi-objective optimization algorithm simultaneously considers minimizing the maximum system load rate, minimizing distribution losses, and maximizing the system power supply redundancy.

[0039] The constraints include the upper and lower limits of output for each power module, the upper limit of capacity for each power distribution branch, and the operational constraints issued by the system collaborative management unit.

[0040] This optimization problem is solved using a combination of linear programming and heuristic search, with a computation cycle set to 1 second to ensure a rapid response to load changes.

[0041] The fault isolation actuator is built into each power distribution branch. When an overload or short circuit fault is detected in the power distribution branch, it can cut off the power supply to the power distribution branch within milliseconds and report the fault information.

[0042] Simultaneously, the dynamic allocation logic immediately initiates the load transfer procedure. The execution logic of the load transfer procedure relies on a pre-configured load priority list and power supply topology.

[0043] When a faulty distribution branch is disconnected, the dynamic allocation logic retrieves the load priority list, identifies the highest priority load affected, and finds an adjacent distribution branch with backup capacity as a backup distribution branch based on the power supply topology.

[0044] Subsequently, by controlling the static switching switches installed on critical nodes, the power supply circuit of the highest priority load is switched to the backup power distribution branch within 10 milliseconds to ensure uninterrupted operation of core communication equipment.

[0045] As the core decision-making and coordination hub of the system, the system collaborative management unit coordinates the capacity expansion operation and power distribution strategy to ensure the stable operation of the system during capacity adjustment.

[0046] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 4 The system collaborative management unit includes a capacity expansion coordinator, a policy arbitrator, and a global state database.

[0047] The capacity expansion coordinator receives capacity expansion instructions from operations and maintenance personnel or capacity expansion requests automatically triggered according to preset capacity thresholds, and generates an online capacity expansion operation sequence.

[0048] The online capacity expansion operation sequence precisely specifies the timing of the insertion of new power modules, the duration of the pre-charging process, and the triggering conditions for state synchronization.

[0049] The online expansion operation sequence generation of the expansion coordinator relies on a control model based on a finite state machine.

[0050] The control model of this finite state machine is defined into five main states: capacity expansion initialization, module pre-connection, parameter synchronization, power ramp-up, and steady-state operation.

[0051] The expansion coordinator monitors every state transition throughout the process, and only allows entry into the next state after all security and technical conditions of the previous state have been met.

[0052] The strategy arbitrator receives load data and fault information from the smart distribution unit, and combines this with the expansion process provided by the expansion coordinator to make a comprehensive decision on the optimal distribution strategy.

[0053] During the capacity expansion operation, the strategy arbitrator temporarily adjusts the system's redundancy configuration and protection settings to resist system disturbances that may be caused by the transient process of power module access.

[0054] During the expansion process, the strategy arbitrator evaluates system stability indicators in real time. If the system stability indicators exceed the safe range, the strategy arbitrator has the right to suspend or terminate the expansion sequence and instruct the system to return to the stable operating state before the expansion.

[0055] The global status database stores the static parameters and real-time operating data of all online power modules, historical load records of each distribution branch, and system protection configuration parameters, providing data support for the decision-making of the capacity expansion coordinator and the strategy arbitrator.

[0056] The global status database uses a timestamp-based data recording method, and the output history, load data, and fault events of all power modules are stored in time-series format.

[0057] These time-series data are used to support trend analysis and predictive maintenance decisions made by the system's collaborative management unit.

[0058] The system's collaborative management unit's built-in analysis engine periodically analyzes these time-series data to identify the performance degradation trend of power modules or the periodic patterns of load, and generates expansion suggestions or maintenance warnings in advance.

[0059] Please refer to the attached document. Figure 5 The multi-level contact sequence and pre-charge control principle of the live connection interface are as follows: The pilot contact is made of low-current gold-plated material. When the power module is inserted, it first contacts the corresponding contact on the system side. After establishing a communication link, the power module is immediately authenticated and the parameters are pre-synchronized.

[0060] The power contacts are made of a highly conductive copper alloy, and their contact area is optimized to reduce contact resistance.

[0061] The resistance value of the current-limiting resistor in the pre-charge circuit is determined based on the system's rated voltage and maximum allowable inrush current, typically taking 5 ohms. The electronic switch uses a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, and its gate drive signal is generated by the state synchronization controller based on the voltage difference comparison result.

[0062] When the difference between the power module output voltage and the system DC bus voltage is less than 2 volts, the state synchronization controller outputs a high-level signal to drive the electronic switch to close, thus short-circuiting the current-limiting resistor. The signal contacts adopt a multi-pin structure, which includes power telemetry data lines, control command lines, and grounding lines to ensure the integrity of data transmission.

[0063] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 6 The detailed framework of the multi-objective optimization algorithm with dynamic allocation logic is as follows: The objective function is defined as the weighted sum of minimizing the system's maximum load rate, minimizing power distribution losses, and maximizing the system's power supply redundancy.

[0064] The maximum load rate of the system is obtained by calculating the peak load rate of all distribution branches; the distribution loss is modeled based on the current and resistance parameters of the distribution branches; the power supply redundancy is defined as the ratio of the difference between the total available capacity of the system and the total load demand.

[0065] The constraints include a lower limit of 20% of the rated power output of the power module and an upper limit of 105% of the rated power output; an upper limit of 95% of the rated current of the distribution branch capacity; and system operation constraints including prohibiting the load rate of a single distribution branch from exceeding 90%.

[0066] The optimization solution process first uses linear programming to handle the linear constraints, and then adjusts the discrete variables through heuristic search.

[0067] The input data during the calculation period includes real-time current and voltage sampling values ​​of each power distribution branch and the available capacity status of the power module.

[0068] The output results are the power allocation limit values ​​for each distribution branch, which are sent to the local controller of each distribution branch through the digital communication interface.

[0069] The status synchronization controller in the hot-swappable expansion unit is implemented using a 32-bit microprocessor, and its firmware includes a parameter version verification module and a communication protocol stack.

[0070] The parameter version verification module compares the parameter version number of the newly inserted power module with the standard version number in the global status database.

[0071] If the versions are inconsistent, the controller sends a parameter update command to the newly inserted power module through the serial peripheral interface.

[0072] The communication protocol stack supports real-time data exchange over Ethernet, ensuring parameter synchronization latency of less than 50 milliseconds.

[0073] The load monitoring module of the intelligent power distribution unit uses a high-precision Hall effect current sensor and an isolated voltage sampling circuit, achieving a current measurement accuracy of 0.5% and a voltage measurement accuracy of 0.2%.

[0074] The dynamic allocation logic runs on a dedicated digital signal processor, and its multi-objective optimization algorithm code is iteratively optimized to ensure that all calculations are completed within a 1-second cycle.

[0075] The fault isolation actuator uses a solid-state relay as the switching element, and its action time has been tested to be less than 5 milliseconds.

[0076] The static transfer switch in the load transfer procedure is a dual-power automatic transfer switch, and its switching time is controlled within 10 milliseconds.

[0077] The expansion coordinator of the system collaborative management unit is deployed on an industrial-grade server, and its finite state machine control model is implemented using a state pattern design.

[0078] Each state corresponds to an independent processing class, which contains methods for checking state entry conditions and state execution logic.

[0079] The strategy arbitrator uses a combination of rule engine and fuzzy logic to make decisions. The rule base contains more than 100 operating rules, covering normal operating conditions, expansion processes and fault scenarios.

[0080] The global state database adopts a time-series database architecture, and the data storage interval can be configured from 1 second to 1 minute.

[0081] The analysis engine uses exponential smoothing for trend prediction. When it predicts that a power module's performance metric may fall below a threshold within the next 30 days, it automatically generates a maintenance alert.

[0082] The system collaborative management unit communicates with the hot-swappable expansion unit and the intelligent power distribution unit through an Ethernet switch. The communication protocol adopts the manufacturing message specification, and the data frame includes timestamp, device identifier and data value fields.

[0083] The modular power supply components of the hot-swappable expansion unit are designed for 19-inch standard rack mounting, with each module rated for 3 kilowatts.

[0084] The power module's front panel is equipped with status indicator lights and a manual test button.

[0085] The status indicator lights display the module's operating status using different colors: green indicates normal operation, yellow indicates restricted operation, and red indicates a fault.

[0086] The manual test button is used to trigger the local self-test program, and the self-test result is uploaded to the status synchronization controller via signal contacts.

[0087] The mechanical structure of the live connection interface adopts a guide pin and spring contact design to ensure alignment accuracy and contact pressure during the insertion process.

[0088] The guide pin is made of stainless steel, and the spring contacts are made of beryllium copper alloy to maintain elasticity.

[0089] The electronic switch drive circuit of the pre-charge circuit includes an optocoupler isolation unit to prevent high-voltage side noise from interfering with the control signal.

[0090] The load monitoring module of the intelligent power distribution unit has a data sampling rate of 1000 times per second, and the sampled values ​​are used for load rate calculation after digital filtering.

[0091] The power allocation limit value of the dynamic allocation logic is output to each distribution branch controller in the form of an analog voltage signal. The voltage signal range is 0 to 5 volts, corresponding to a power limit of 0 to the rated capacity of the distribution branch. The overload detection threshold of the fault isolation actuator can be configured by software, with a typical value of 110% of the branch's rated current.

[0092] The short circuit detection uses the current differential method, and the protection action is triggered when the rate of change of current is greater than 500 amperes per second.

[0093] The load priority list of the load transfer procedure is stored in non-volatile memory. The list items include load identifier, priority level and associated distribution branch information.

[0094] The control signal for the static transfer switch is a 24-volt DC pulse with a pulse width of 100 milliseconds.

[0095] The expansion coordinator operation sequence of the system collaborative management unit contains detailed time parameters.

[0096] For example, the power module pre-connection phase lasts for 2 seconds, the parameter synchronization phase timeout is 10 seconds, and the power ramp-up phase has a slope of 50 amperes per second.

[0097] The system stability metrics of a strategy arbiter include voltage deviation rate, frequency fluctuation rate, and harmonic distortion rate.

[0098] The voltage deviation rate is defined as the percentage difference between the system DC bus voltage and the rated value, with a safe range of ±5%.

[0099] Frequency volatility is calculated as the standard deviation of frequency change within the most recent second, with a safety threshold of 0.1 Hz.

[0100] The harmonic distortion rate was obtained through fast Fourier transform analysis, and the total harmonic distortion rate was limited to 5%.

[0101] The data retention strategy for the global state database is configured as follows: real-time data is retained for 7 days, historical data for 1 year, and trend data is stored permanently. The predictive maintenance algorithm of the analysis engine uses a support vector machine model, and the training data comes from historical performance metrics and fault records.

[0102] If the state synchronization controller of the hot-swappable expansion unit detects that the power module firmware does not support the system standard parameters during parameter negotiation, it will record detailed error codes and store them in the event log.

[0103] The error code includes the module model, parameter version, and a list of incompatible parameters.

[0104] The system's collaborative management unit periodically polls these logs and generates compatibility reports for operation and maintenance reference.

[0105] When calculating power allocation, the dynamic allocation logic of the intelligent power distribution unit prioritizes power supply to loads with priority 1, followed by loads with priority 2, and finally loads with priority 3.

[0106] Load priority is set by operations and maintenance personnel through the management interface during system initialization.

[0107] After disconnecting the faulty power distribution branch, the fault isolation actuator will illuminate a local red indicator light and send a fault code to the system collaborative management unit.

[0108] The fault code includes the power distribution branch number, fault type, and action timestamp.

[0109] When generating the operation sequence, the expansion coordinator of the system's collaborative management unit checks the current load level of the system.

[0110] If the system load rate is greater than 80%, the expansion coordinator will delay non-urgent expansion operations until the load rate drops below 70%.

[0111] During the capacity expansion process, the strategy arbitrator monitors the DC bus voltage fluctuation of the system. If the fluctuation amplitude exceeds 2% of the rated value for three consecutive times, the strategy arbitrator will pause the capacity expansion sequence and start the voltage stabilization program.

[0112] The voltage stabilization program is achieved by adjusting the output voltage setting of the online power supply module, with an adjustment step of 0.1 volts.

[0113] The access interface to the global state database provides data consistency guarantees, and all write operations use a two-phase commit protocol.

[0114] The predictive maintenance judgment of the analysis engine is executed every 24 hours, and the results are sent to the network management system via a Simple Network Management Protocol (SMLP) trap.

[0115] The contact resistance of the live connection interface of the hot-swappable expansion unit may increase after long-term use.

[0116] To this end, the status synchronization controller periodically monitors the contact voltage drop and generates a maintenance reminder when the voltage drop exceeds 50 millivolts.

[0117] The load monitoring module of the intelligent power distribution unit has a self-calibration function, which automatically performs zero-point calibration and gain calibration every 24 hours.

[0118] Calibration data is stored in the module's internal memory and can be queried through the system's collaborative management unit.

[0119] The optimization algorithm parameters of the dynamic allocation logic can be adjusted according to seasonal characteristics, such as allowing a higher load rate in summer to cope with the increase in air conditioning load.

[0120] The fault records of the fault isolation actuator are stored cyclically, with a maximum of 1000 events saved, and old records are automatically overwritten.

[0121] The expansion coordinator of the system's collaborative management unit supports parallel processing of multiple expansion requests.

[0122] When two or more expansion commands are received at the same time, the expansion coordinator will schedule the execution order according to the module installation location and system capacity status.

[0123] When making decisions on power distribution strategies, the strategy arbitrator takes into account the lifespan of the power modules.

[0124] The system retrieves the operating hours and output current history of the power module from the global state database. If the power module is close to its design life, the strategy arbitrator will limit its output to 90% of the rated value.

[0125] Access control is implemented in the global state database, and only authorized users can modify key parameters such as protection settings.

[0126] The analytics engine's predictive model is automatically retrained monthly, updating its parameters with the latest 30 days of data.

[0127] The modular power supply components of the hot-swappable expansion unit support hot backup mode.

[0128] When the system is configured with N+1 redundancy, the state synchronization controller will mark the power module as a backup power module.

[0129] The backup power module is online but at low output. When an online power module fails, the status synchronization controller immediately increases the output of the backup power module to full load, and the failed power module is automatically isolated.

[0130] During the load transfer process, the intelligent power distribution unit monitors the voltage phase of the target power distribution branch.

[0131] If the phase difference is greater than 10 degrees, the program will delay the switching until the phase is synchronized to prevent circulating current impact.

[0132] The system's collaborative management unit's strategy arbitrator integrates a weather forecast data interface. When high temperatures are predicted, it reduces the system's maximum allowable load rate by 5% in advance to prevent overload caused by insufficient heat dissipation.

[0133] The above implementation methods demonstrate the complete operating mechanism of the system.

[0134] The hot-swappable expansion unit achieves safe online plugging and unplugging through multi-level contacts and pre-charge control; the intelligent power distribution unit ensures power quality through real-time optimization and rapid isolation and transfer; and the system collaborative management unit maintains overall system stability through state machine coordination and multi-source decision-making.

[0135] Data exchange between units adopts a unified communication protocol to ensure that the system works collaboratively as a whole. This system can be deployed in various communication equipment rooms, supporting power capacity requirements from kilowatts to megawatts, and adapting to various network equipment power supply scenarios.

[0136] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A communication power expansion and distribution management system, characterized in that, The system comprises a hot-plug capacity expansion unit, an intelligent power distribution unit, and a system coordination management unit. The hot-plug capacity expansion unit is used for completing the on-line addition, deletion and replacement of power modules under the condition that the system is continuously powered. The intelligent power distribution unit is used for monitoring the load state in real time and dynamically allocating power resources. The system coordination management unit is used for overall coordination of the capacity expansion operation and the power distribution strategy, and ensuring stable operation of the system during capacity adjustment. The hot-plug capacity expansion unit comprises a modular power component, a live connection interface and a state synchronization controller. The intelligent power distribution unit comprises a load monitoring module, a dynamic allocation logic and a fault isolation executor. The system coordination management unit comprises a capacity coordination unit, a strategy arbitrator and a global state database.

2. The power supply expansion and distribution management system of claim 1, wherein, The modular power component adopts standardized packaging and electrical specifications, and the output terminal is connected to the system DC bus through the live connection interface. The live connection interface is internally integrated with a multi-stage contact sequence and a pre-charge loop. During the insertion of the power module, the live connection interface control logic ensures that the potential difference between the output terminal of the modular power component and the system DC bus is gradually balanced within the safety threshold. The state synchronization controller automatically acquires the rated power, current output capacity and health state parameters of the power module after the physical connection is established, and synchronizes these parameters to the system coordination management unit. The load monitoring module continuously collects current, voltage and power factor data of each power distribution branch, and calculates the real-time load rate. The dynamic allocation logic performs allocation calculation of power resources based on the output of the load monitoring module and the capacity expansion state information from the system coordination management unit. The fault isolation executor is built into each power distribution branch. When an overload or short-circuit fault of the power distribution branch is detected, the fault isolation executor can cut off the power supply of the power distribution branch within milliseconds and report the fault information. The capacity coordination unit receives the capacity expansion instruction from the operation and maintenance personnel or the capacity expansion demand automatically triggered according to the preset capacity threshold, and generates an on-line capacity expansion operation sequence.

3. The power supply expansion and distribution management system of claim 2, wherein, The strategy arbitrator receives the load data and fault information from the intelligent power distribution unit, and comprehensively decides the optimal power distribution strategy in combination with the capacity expansion process provided by the capacity coordination unit. The global state database stores the static parameters and real-time running data of all on-line power modules, the historical load records of each power distribution branch, and the system protection configuration parameters. The multi-stage contact sequence of the live connection interface comprises a pilot contact, a power contact and a signal contact. The pilot contact is the first to contact during physical connection, and is used for establishing a communication link between the power module and the system, and performing identity authentication and parameter pre-synchronization. The power contact is subsequently contacted, and its connection process is controlled by the pre-charge loop. In the initial stage of closing the power contact, the current flows through the current limiting resistor to limit the impact current. When the system detects that the difference between the output voltage of the power module and the voltage of the system DC bus is less than 2 volts, the electronic switch shorts the current limiting resistor, and the power module enters the full power output mode. The final contact of the signal contact ensures a secure connection and is used to transmit real-time telemetry data from the power module and receive system control commands.

4. The power supply expansion and distribution management system of claim 2, wherein, The parameter synchronization process of the state synchronization controller adopts a version verification mechanism; When the parameter version of a newly inserted power module is inconsistent with the system standard parameter version stored in the global state database, the state synchronization controller initiates a parameter negotiation process. The parameter negotiation process first attempts to download the system's standard parameters to the newly inserted power module; If the newly inserted power module is supported and the update is successful, the synchronization is complete. If the newly inserted power module does not support this parameter version, the state synchronization controller will identify the newly inserted power module as a restricted operating mode and limit its maximum available output power to 70% of the rated value, while simultaneously issuing an alarm to the system coordination management unit.

5. The power supply expansion and distribution management system of claim 2, wherein, The power resource allocation calculation of the dynamic allocation logic is based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm; The objective function of the multi-objective optimization algorithm simultaneously considers minimizing the maximum system load rate, minimizing power distribution losses, and maximizing the system power supply redundancy. The constraints include the upper and lower limits of output for each power module, the upper limit of capacity for each power distribution branch, and the operational constraints issued by the system collaborative management unit.

6. The power supply expansion and distribution management system of claim 2, wherein, After the fault isolation actuator disconnects the faulty power distribution branch, the dynamic allocation logic immediately starts the load transfer procedure. The execution logic of the load transfer procedure depends on a pre-configured load priority list and power supply topology. When a faulty distribution branch is disconnected, the dynamic allocation logic immediately retrieves the load priority list, identifies the highest priority load affected, and finds an adjacent distribution branch with backup capacity as a backup distribution branch based on the power supply topology. Subsequently, by controlling the static switching switches installed at critical nodes, the power supply circuit of the highest priority load is switched to the backup power distribution branch.

7. The power supply expansion and distribution management system of claim 2, wherein, The online expansion operation sequence generation of the expansion coordinator relies on a finite state machine-based control model; this finite state machine control model defines five main states from expansion initialization, module pre-connection, parameter synchronization, power ramp-up to steady-state operation; The expansion coordinator monitors every state transition throughout the process, and only allows entry into the next state after all security and technical conditions of the previous state have been met.

8. The power supply expansion and distribution management system of claim 2, wherein, The strategy arbitrator evaluates system stability indicators in real time during the expansion process. If the system stability indicators exceed the safe range, the policy arbitrator has the right to suspend or terminate the expansion sequence and instruct the system to return to the stable operating state before the expansion.

9. The power supply expansion and distribution management system of claim 4, wherein, The global status database uses a timestamp-based data recording method, and the output history, load data and fault events of all power modules are stored in time series format. These time-series data are used to support trend analysis and predictive maintenance decisions made by the system's collaborative management unit; The system's collaborative management unit's built-in analysis engine periodically analyzes these time-series data to identify the performance degradation trend of power modules or the periodic patterns of load, and generates expansion suggestions or maintenance warnings in advance.

10. The power supply expansion and distribution management system of claim 5, wherein, The objective function of the multi-objective optimization algorithm is achieved through a weighted sum; the maximum load rate of the system is obtained by calculating the peak load rate of all distribution branches; the distribution loss is modeled based on the current and resistance parameters of the distribution branches. Power supply redundancy is defined as the ratio of the difference between the total available capacity of the system and the total load demand.

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