Restraining tool, battery system, and flying object

Abstract

Provided is a restraining device for restraining a lithium metal battery including a plurality of cells, the restraining device being provided with: a restraining member having a rubber-based plate-shaped member having a plate-shaped base portion and a plurality of protrusions on the base portion, and a frame member having a plurality of protrusions on the base portion; the frame part is used for embedding the plate-shaped part; and a fixing member that fixes the plate-shaped member embedded in the frame member in a state in which the plate-shaped member is pressed against the lithium metal battery and pressurized. According to the restraining device, through the elasticity of the plate-shaped component, the pressure applied to the multiple battery cells by the restraining device during charging of the multiple battery cells is below 5 MPa, and the pressure applied to the multiple battery cells by the restraining device during discharging of the multiple battery cells is above 0.1 MPa.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a restraining device, a battery system, and a flying body. BACKGROUND

[0002] In Patent Literature 1, it is described that, in a lithium ion battery, a plurality of cells are laminated by sandwiching them with a metal plate, and a metal band is used to restrain the metal plate, thereby imparting a restraining pressure in the lamination direction to the cells.

[0003] PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS

[0004] PATENT LITERATURE

[0005] Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2022-075152 SUMMARY

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present application, a restraining device is provided. It can be that the restraining device restrains a lithium metal battery including a plurality of cells. It can be that the restraining device is provided with a restraining member. It can be that the restraining member has a plate-shaped member and a frame member, the plate-shaped member is made of rubber, has a plate-shaped base and a plurality of protruding portions on the base, and the frame member is for the plate-shaped member to be inserted into. It can be that the restraining device is provided with a fixing member that fixes the plate-shaped member inserted into the frame member in a state where the plate-shaped member is pressed against the lithium metal battery and is under pressure.

[0007] It can be that, in the restraining device, each of the plurality of protruding portions has a conical shape. It can be that each of the plurality of protruding portions has a conical shape with a ratio of height to diameter of between 1 to 1 and 1 to 5. It can be that each of the plurality of protruding portions has a conical shape with a ratio of height to diameter of 1 to 3. It can be that the apex side of each of the plurality of protruding portions is curved. It can be that the apex side of each of the plurality of protruding portions is flat. It can be that the diameter of the bottom surface of each of the plurality of protruding portions is 5 mm to 30 mm.

[0008] It can be that, in any of the restraining devices, the protruding portions that are rectangular in shape and have a cutout in the center portion that cuts into the longitudinal direction of the base, and the protruding portions that are rectangular in shape and have a cutout in the center portion that cuts into the lateral direction of the base, are alternately arranged on the base.

[0009] The pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device when the plurality of battery cells is charged can be 5 MPa or less, and the pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device when the plurality of battery cells is discharged can be 0.1 MPa or more, by the elasticity of the plate-shaped member of the restraint device. The restraint device can be configured by adjusting the type of rubber-based material as the material of the plate-shaped member, the shape, number, and arrangement of the plurality of protruding portions of the plate-shaped member, and the fixing force of the fixing member, such that the pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device when the plurality of battery cells is charged is 5 MPa or less, and the pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device when the plurality of battery cells is discharged is 0.1 MPa or more, by the elasticity of the plate-shaped member. The pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device when the plurality of battery cells is charged can be 3 MPa or less. The pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device when the plurality of battery cells is charged can be 2 MPa or less. The pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device when the plurality of battery cells is discharged can be 0.3 MPa or more. The pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device when the plurality of battery cells is discharged can be 0.5 MPa or more.

[0010] The restraint member can include a first restraint member having a first plate-shaped member and a first frame member, and a second restraint member having a second plate-shaped member and a second frame member, and the fixing member can fix the lithium metal battery in a state in which the lithium metal battery is sandwiched and pressed by the first restraint member and the second restraint member. The gap between the plurality of protruding portions can be 0.05 to 0.3 of the area of the base portion. The gap between the plurality of protruding portions can be 0.1 to 0.2 of the area of the base portion. The material of the plate-shaped member can be ethylene propylene diene rubber.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present application, there is provided a battery system including the restraint device and the lithium metal battery. According to one embodiment of the present application, there is provided a flying body including the battery system and a propulsion force generating device that generates a propulsion force using electric energy stored in the battery system.

[0012] Note that the above summary of the invention does not list all the essential features of the present application. In addition, sub-combinations of these feature groups can also be inventions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 An example of a battery system 10 is schematically shown.

[0014] Figure 2 An example of a battery system 10 is schematically shown.

[0015] Figure 3 An example of the plate-shaped component 212 is shown in outline.

[0016] Figure 4 An example of frame component 218 is shown in outline.

[0017] Figure 5 An example of the plate-shaped component 212 is shown in outline.

[0018] Figure 6 An example of the plate-shaped component 212 is shown in outline.

[0019] Figure 7 A simplified illustration of an HAPS700 equipped with battery system 10 is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described through embodiments thereof, but these embodiments do not limit the invention as defined in the claims. Furthermore, not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are necessary for the inventive solution.

[0021] Lithium-ion batteries can achieve sufficient battery characteristics by being constrained at a pressure of around 0.0 to 0.2 MPa, either without pressure or at low pressure. However, it has been found that the cycle life deteriorates when lithium metal batteries are constrained at the same pressure as lithium-ion batteries. Increasing the constraining pressure using methods such as metal plate constraining improves the cycle life, but this increases the weight of the constraining components and reduces the gravimetric energy density. Furthermore, the thickness of a lithium metal battery changes due to charging and discharging, but with metal plate constraining, the pressure cannot be properly adjusted, potentially resulting in excessive or insufficient constraining pressure. The constraining device 200 of this embodiment has the following structure: it is lighter than metal plate constraining and allows for appropriate adjustment of the constraining pressure on the lithium metal battery when its thickness changes due to charging and discharging.

[0022] Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 An example of a battery system 10 is shown schematically. The battery system 10 includes a lithium metal battery 100 and a restraint device 200. The lithium metal battery 100 includes a plurality of cells 110. The plurality of cells 110 are arranged in parallel.

[0023] The restraint device 200 restrains the lithium metal battery 100. Alternatively, the restraint device 200 may restrain the lithium metal battery 100 along the direction in which the plurality of cells 110 are arranged.

[0024] exist Figure 1 as well as Figure 2In the example shown, the restraint device 200 has a restraint member 210, a restraint member 220, and a fixing member 230. The restraint member 210 may be an example of a first restraint member. The restraint member 220 may be an example of a second restraint member. The fixing member 230 is fixed in a state where the lithium metal battery 100 is clamped and pressurized by the restraint members 210 and 220.

[0025] It should be noted that the restraint device 200 may also have only one of the restraint components 210 and 220. For example, the restraint device 200 may only have the restraint component 210 and the restraint component 210 of the restraint component 220. In this case, on the side of the lithium metal battery 100 opposite to the side where the restraint component 210 is located, for example, a component made of a material with high hardness and low weight, such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), is disposed. Then, the fixing member 230 is fixed while the restraint component 210 is pressed against the lithium metal battery 100 and pressure is applied. Alternatively, the fixing member 230 may be fixed while the lithium metal battery 100 is clamped and pressure is applied by the component disposed on the side of the lithium metal battery 100 opposite to the side where the restraint component 210 is located and the restraint component 210.

[0026] In this embodiment, the example described is that the restraint device 200 has a restraint component 210 and a restraint component 220.

[0027] The constraint member 210 includes a plate-shaped member 212 and a frame member 218. The plate-shaped member 212 may be an example of a first plate-shaped member. The frame member 218 may be an example of a first frame member.

[0028] The plate-shaped component 212 is made of rubber. Specific examples of the material for the plate-shaped component 212 include ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), but it is not limited to this. Other examples include natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, acrylic rubber, silicone rubber, and fluororubber, but it can also be other types of rubber.

[0029] The plate-shaped component 212 has a plate-shaped base 214 and a plurality of protrusions 216 on the base 214. The base 214 may be an example of a first base. The protrusions 216 may be an example of a first protrusion. The plurality of protrusions 216 may have a structure that applies pressure to the lithium metal battery 100 as uniformly as possible and is difficult to bend. The gap between the plurality of protrusions 216 may be 0.05 to 0.3 of the area of ​​the base 214. The gap between the plurality of protrusions 216 may be 0.1 to 0.2 of the area of ​​the base 214.

[0030] A plate-shaped member 212 is embedded in the frame member 218. The frame member 218 has a groove into which the plate-shaped member 212 is embedded. The frame member 218 may be formed of a material with high hardness and low weight. Examples of materials for the frame member 218 include CFRP, but it is not limited to this.

[0031] The constraint member 220 includes a plate-shaped member 222 and a frame member 228. The constraint member 220 has the same structure as the constraint member 210. The plate-shaped member 222 may be an example of a second plate-shaped member. The frame member 228 may be an example of a second frame member.

[0032] The plate-shaped component 222 is made of rubber. Specific examples of the material of the plate-shaped component 222 include ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, but it is not limited to this. Other examples include natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, acrylic rubber, silicone rubber, and fluororubber, but it can also be a rubber other than these.

[0033] The plate-shaped component 222 has a plate-shaped base 224 and a plurality of protrusions 226 on the base 224. The base 224 may be an example of a second base. The protrusions 226 may be an example of a second protrusion. The plurality of protrusions 226 may have a structure that applies pressure to the lithium metal battery 100 as uniformly as possible and is difficult to bend.

[0034] The frame member 228 has a plate-shaped member 222 embedded in it. The frame member 228 has a groove into which the plate-shaped member 222 is embedded. The frame member 228 can be formed of a material with high hardness and low weight. CFRP is an example of a material for the frame member 228, but it is not limited to this.

[0035] The fixing component 230 can be any component as long as it can be fixed while the lithium metal battery 100 is clamped and pressurized by the restraint components 210 and 220. For example, the fixing component 230 can be a box-shaped component made of a material with high hardness and light weight, such as CFRP.

[0036] The constraint member 210, constraint member 220, and fixing member 230 are configured such that, through the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210 and the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 222 of the constraint member 220, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 5 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.1 MPa. That is, the constraint member 210, constraint member 220, and fixing member 230 are configured such that even if the thickness of the lithium metal battery 100 changes due to charging and discharging, the pressure applied to the lithium metal battery 100 is between 0.1 MPa and 5 MPa. Specifically, in order to achieve such pressure, the restraint device 200 is constructed by adjusting the type of rubber system of the plate-shaped component 212, the shape, number and arrangement of the plurality of protrusions 216 of the plate-shaped component 212, the type of rubber system of the plate-shaped component 222, the shape, number and arrangement of the plurality of protrusions 226 of the plate-shaped component 222, and the fixing force of the fixing component 230. For example, by manufacturing various modified examples of the restraint device 200, which alter the type of rubber system of the plate-shaped member 212, the shape, number, and arrangement of the plurality of protrusions 216 of the plate-shaped member 212, the type of rubber system of the plate-shaped member 222, the shape, number, and arrangement of the plurality of protrusions 226 of the plate-shaped member 222, and part or all of the fixing force of the fixing member 230, the lithium metal battery 100 is actually restrained by the manufactured restraint device 200. When the lithium metal battery 100 is charged and discharged, the pressure applied to the lithium metal battery 100 is measured by a load sensor or the like. By using the restraint device 200 with a pressure of 0.1 MPa to 5 MPa applied to the lithium metal battery 100, the restraint device 200 involved in this embodiment can be manufactured.

[0037] Similarly, the constraint member 210, constraint member 220, and fixing member 230 may be configured such that, through the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210 and the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 222 of the constraint member 220, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 3 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.1 MPa.

[0038] Similarly, the constraint member 210, constraint member 220, and fixing member 230 may be configured such that, through the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210 and the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 222 of the constraint member 220, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 2 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.1 MPa.

[0039] Similarly, the constraint member 210, constraint member 220, and fixing member 230 may be configured such that, through the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210 and the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 222 of the constraint member 220, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 5 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.3 MPa.

[0040] Similarly, the constraint member 210, constraint member 220, and fixing member 230 may be configured such that, through the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210 and the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 222 of the constraint member 220, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 3 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.3 MPa.

[0041] Similarly, the constraint member 210, constraint member 220, and fixing member 230 may be configured such that, through the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210 and the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 222 of the constraint member 220, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 2 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.3 MPa.

[0042] Similarly, the constraint member 210, constraint member 220, and fixing member 230 may be configured such that, through the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210 and the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 222 of the constraint member 220, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 5 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.5 MPa.

[0043] Similarly, the constraint member 210, constraint member 220, and fixing member 230 may be configured such that, through the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210 and the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 222 of the constraint member 220, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 3 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.5 MPa.

[0044] Similarly, the constraint member 210, constraint member 220, and fixing member 230 may be configured such that, through the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210 and the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 222 of the constraint member 220, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 2 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.5 MPa.

[0045] Alternatively, when the restraint device 200 only has a restraint member 210 and the restraint member 210 in the restraint member 220, the restraint member 210 and the fixing member 230 are configured such that, due to the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the restraint member 210, the pressure applied by the restraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 5 MPa, and the pressure applied by the restraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.1 MPa. That is, the restraint member 210 and the fixing member 230 are configured such that even if the thickness of the lithium metal battery 100 changes due to charging and discharging, the pressure applied to the lithium metal battery 100 is 0.1 MPa to 5 MPa. Specifically, in order to achieve such pressure, the restraint device 200 is configured by adjusting the type of rubber system of the plate-shaped member 212, the shape, number and arrangement of the plurality of protrusions 216 of the plate-shaped member 212, and the fixing force of the fixing member 230. For example, by manufacturing various modified examples of the restraint device 200, which alter the type of rubber system of the plate-shaped member 212, the shape, number, and arrangement of the plurality of protrusions 216 of the plate-shaped member 212, and part or all of the fixing force of the fixing member 230, the lithium metal battery 100 can be actually restrained using the manufactured restraint device 200. When the lithium metal battery 100 is charged and discharged, the pressure applied to the lithium metal battery 100 is measured by a load sensor or the like. By using a restraint device 200 with a pressure of 0.1 MPa to 5 MPa applied to the lithium metal battery 100, the restraint device 200 involved in this embodiment can be manufactured.

[0046] Similarly, the constraint member 210 and the fixing member 230 may be configured such that, due to the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 3 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.1 MPa.

[0047] Similarly, the constraint member 210 and the fixing member 230 may be configured such that, due to the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 2 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.1 MPa.

[0048] Similarly, the constraint member 210 and the fixing member 230 may be configured such that, due to the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 5 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.3 MPa.

[0049] Similarly, the constraint member 210 and the fixing member 230 may be configured such that, due to the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 3 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.3 MPa.

[0050] Similarly, the constraint member 210 and the fixing member 230 may be configured such that, due to the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 2 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.3 MPa.

[0051] Similarly, the constraint member 210 and the fixing member 230 may be configured such that, due to the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 5 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.5 MPa.

[0052] Similarly, the constraint member 210 and the fixing member 230 may be configured such that, due to the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 3 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.5 MPa.

[0053] Similarly, the constraint member 210 and the fixing member 230 may be configured such that, due to the elasticity of the plate-shaped member 212 of the constraint member 210, the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 2 MPa, and the pressure applied by the constraint device 200 to the plurality of cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.5 MPa.

[0054] Table 1 below shows the experimental results of the capacity retention rate of cell 110 after 200 cycles of experiments with each of the pressure applied during charging and the pressure applied during discharging. Table 1 shows the experimental results of the capacity retention rate of cell 110 after 200 cycles of experiments with each combination of the pressure at the end of charging and the pressure at the end of discharging. At the end of charging, the pressure applied to cell 110 during charging becomes the strongest, and at the end of discharging, the pressure applied to cell 110 during discharging becomes the weakest. For each combination of the pressure applied when charging cell 110 is terminated and the pressure applied when discharging is terminated, multiple experiments were conducted. The case with less than 200 cycles was marked as "×", the case with a capacity retention rate of less than 70% after 200 cycles was marked as "△", the case with a capacity retention rate of more than 70% but less than 90% after 200 cycles was marked as "○", and the case with a capacity retention rate of more than 90% after 200 cycles was marked as "◎".

[0055] The experimental results show that, for example, under conditions where the pressure at the end of charging is 2 MPa and the pressure at the end of discharging is 0.3 MPa, the capacity retention rate of the cell 110 after 200 cycles of charging and discharging is over 90%.

[0056] The experimental results show that by setting the pressure applied during charging to a maximum of 2MPa or 3MPa and the pressure applied during discharging to a minimum of 0.3MPa, 0.5MPa or 0.6MPa, the capacity retention rate of the lithium metal battery 100 is more than 90% when the cell 110 is repeatedly charged and discharged 200 times.

[0057] [Table 1]

[0058] As shown in Table 1, the desired charging pressure is 0.8 MPa to 6 MPa, more desirable is 1 MPa to 5 MPa, further desirable is 1 MPa to 4 MPa, and even more desirable is 2 MPa or 3 MPa. The desired discharging pressure is 0.1 MPa to 0.6 MPa, more desirable is 0.2 MPa to 0.6 MPa, and further desirable is 0.3 MPa to 0.6 MPa.

[0059] As shown in Table 1, it is desirable for the charging pressure to be 1 MPa to 4 MPa and the discharging pressure to be 0.2 MPa to 0.6 MPa. More preferably, the charging pressure is 2 MPa or 3 MPa and the discharging pressure is 0.3 MPa to 0.6 MPa. According to the constraint device 200 of this embodiment, the lithium metal battery 100 can be constrained in a manner that satisfies such range conditions, which can help maintain the performance of the lithium metal battery 100.

[0060] Figure 3 An example of the plate-shaped component 212 is shown in outline. Figure 3 The dimensions of the plate-shaped member 212 shown are an example. The dimensions of the plate-shaped member 212 can be determined according to the material of the plate-shaped member 212, etc., so that the pressure applied by the restraint device 200 to the multiple cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 5 MPa, and the pressure applied by the restraint device 200 to the multiple cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.1 MPa. Alternatively, the plate-shaped member 222 may have the same structure as the plate-shaped member 212.

[0061] exist Figure 3 In the example shown, the base 214 has a length of 93 mm, a width of 66 mm, and a height of 4 mm. The protrusion 216 has a rectangular shape. The protrusion 216 has a length of 12 mm, a width of 12 mm, and a height of 10 mm. The protrusions 216 are arranged side by side in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. The protrusions 216 are spaced 2 mm apart.

[0062] The plate-shaped member 212 has a structure in which the multiple protrusions 216 are difficult to bend, allowing for uniform pressure to be applied to the cell 110. Furthermore, it enables appropriate adjustment of the pressure applied to the lithium metal battery 100 even when the thickness of the lithium metal battery 100 varies. Additionally, it reduces the possibility of the lithium metal battery 100 shifting due to friction between the multiple protrusions 216 and the lithium metal battery 100.

[0063] Figure 4 An example of frame component 218 is shown in outline. Figure 4The dimensions shown are one example, and other dimensions are also possible. Frame member 218 has a recess 219. The depth of the recess 219 may be the same as the height of the base 214. The depth of the recess 219 may be 1 / 10 to 1 / 2 of the height of the base 214. The depth of the recess 219 may be 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the height of the base 214. Frame member 228 may have the same structure as frame member 218.

[0064] Figure 5 An example of the plate-shaped component 212 is shown in outline. Figure 5 The dimensions of the plate-shaped member 212 shown are an example. The dimensions of the plate-shaped member 212 can be determined according to the material of the plate-shaped member 212, etc., so that the pressure applied by the restraint device 200 to the multiple cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 5 MPa, and the pressure applied by the restraint device 200 to the multiple cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.1 MPa. Alternatively, the plate-shaped member 222 may have the same structure as the plate-shaped member 212.

[0065] exist Figure 5 In the example shown, the base 214 has a length of 93 mm, a width of 66 mm, and a height of 4 mm. Figure 5 In the example shown, rectangular protrusions 2162 and 2164, each with a central portion cut longitudinally into the base 214, are alternately arranged on the base 214. Figure 5 In the example shown, the overall dimensions of protrusions 2162 and 2164 are 12 mm in length, 12 mm in width, and 10 mm in height. The width of the cut is 6 mm, and the height of the cut portion is 8 mm. That is, the depth of the cut is 2 mm. The interval between protrusions 2162 and 2164 is 2 mm.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, by alternately arranging protrusions that cut into the incision in different directions, in addition to Figure 3 In addition to the advantages of the structure shown, it can also eliminate the directionality of rubber deformation and reduce the possibility of damaging the battery cell 110 by applying excessive pressure locally.

[0067] Figure 6 An example of the plate-shaped component 212 is shown in outline. Figure 6The dimensions of the plate-shaped member 212 shown are an example. The dimensions of the plate-shaped member 212 can be determined according to the material of the plate-shaped member 212, etc., so that the pressure applied by the restraint device 200 to the multiple cells 110 of the lithium metal battery 100 during charging is less than 5 MPa, and the pressure applied by the restraint device 200 to the multiple cells 110 during discharging is more than 0.1 MPa. Alternatively, the plate-shaped member 222 may have the same structure as the plate-shaped member 212.

[0068] exist Figure 6 In the example shown, the base 214 has a length of 93 mm, a width of 66 mm, and a height of 4 mm. The protrusion 216 has a conical shape. Alternatively, the apex side of the protrusion 216 may be curved. Alternatively, the apex side of the protrusion 216 may be planar. Alternatively, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the protrusion 216 may be between 1:1 and 1:5. Alternatively, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the protrusion 216 may be 1:3. Alternatively, the diameter of the base of the protrusion 216 may be between 5 mm and 30 mm. Figure 6 In the example shown, the diameter of the bottom surface of the protrusion 216 is 12 mm and the height is 10 mm. It should be noted that the protrusion 216 can also be a square pyramid shape.

[0069] The plate-shaped member 212 has a structure in which the multiple protrusions 216 are difficult to bend, allowing for uniform pressure to be applied to the cell 110. Furthermore, it enables appropriate adjustment of the pressure applied to the lithium metal battery 100 even when the thickness of the lithium metal battery 100 varies. Additionally, it reduces the possibility of the lithium metal battery 100 shifting due to friction between the multiple protrusions 216 and the lithium metal battery 100.

[0070] Figure 7 An example of a HAPS700 equipped with a battery system 10 is shown in schematic. The HAPS700 is an aircraft that provides wireless communication services to user terminals 30 within a communication area 704 formed by irradiating a beam 702 onto the ground. The HAPS700 can be an example of an aircraft that includes a battery system 10 and a propulsion generating device that uses electrical energy stored in the battery system 10 to generate propulsion.

[0071] The HAPS700 comprises a fuselage 710, a central section 720, a propeller 730, a pod 740, and solar panels 750. The fuselage 710 has wings 712. The wings 712 include a left wing 714 and a right wing 716.

[0072] For example, a battery system 10 is disposed inside the wing 712. The electrical energy stored in the battery system 10 is utilized by various structures provided with the HAPS 700. For example, the electrical energy stored in the battery system 10 is utilized by the motor of the propeller 730 that generates thrust. As a specific example, multiple battery systems 10 connected in parallel are disposed inside the wing 712. For instance, the multiple battery systems 10 on the left side may be disposed in the left wing 714, and the multiple battery systems 10 on the right side may be disposed in the right wing 716. The power discharged by the multiple battery systems 10 is utilized by various structures provided with the HAPS 700. For example, the power discharged by the multiple battery systems 10 is utilized by the motor of the propeller 730.

[0073] The central section 720 houses a flight control unit 722 and a communication control unit 724. The flight control unit 722 uses power discharged from the multiple battery systems 10 to control the flight of the HAPS700. The communication control unit 724 uses power discharged from the multiple battery systems 10 to control the communication of the HAPS700.

[0074] The flight control unit 722 controls the flight of the HAPS700, for example, by controlling the rotation of the propeller 730. Alternatively, the flight control unit 722 can also control the flight of the HAPS700 by changing the angles of flaps and elevators (not shown). The flight control unit 722 may be equipped with various sensors such as GPS sensors, gyroscopes, and accelerometers to manage the position, direction of movement, and speed of the HAPS700.

[0075] The communication control unit 724 uses an SL (Service Link) antenna to form a communication area 704 on the ground. The communication control unit 724 uses the SL antenna to form a service link with the user terminal 30 on the ground. Alternatively, the SL antenna can be a multi-beam antenna. The communication area 704 can also be multi-cell.

[0076] Alternatively, the communication control unit 724 may use an FL (Feeder Link) antenna to form a feeder link with the ground gateway 40. Alternatively, the communication control unit 724 may access the network 20 via the gateway 40.

[0077] Alternatively, the communication control unit 724 may communicate with the communication satellite 50 using a satellite communication antenna. Alternatively, the communication control unit 724 may access the network 20 via the communication satellite 50 and the satellite communication station 60.

[0078] User terminal 30 can be any communication terminal as long as it can communicate with HAPS700. For example, user terminal 30 can be a smartphone or other mobile phone. User terminal 30 can also be a tablet or PC (Personal Computer). User terminal 30 can also be a so-called IoT (Internet of Things) device. User terminal 30 can include all terminals equivalent to the so-called IoE (Internet of Everything).

[0079] The HAPS700 relays communication between network 20 and user terminal 30, for example, via a feeder link or communication satellite 50 and a service link. Alternatively, the HAPS700 can provide wireless communication services to user terminal 30 by relaying communication between user terminal 30 and network 20.

[0080] Network 20 includes a mobile communication network. The mobile communication network can also be any of the following communication methods: LTE (Long Term Evolution), 5G (5th Generation), 3G (3rd Generation), and 6G (6th Generation). Network 20 can also include the Internet.

[0081] For example, HAPS700 can send data received from user terminal 30 within communication area 704 to network 20. Additionally, if HAPS700 receives data via network 20 destined for user terminal 30 within communication area 704, it can send that data to user terminal 30.

[0082] For example, in the stratosphere, the HAPS700 maintains a communication zone 704 in a specific area on the ground while circling along a pre-set flight path. The HAPS700 stores electricity generated by solar panels 750 in multiple battery systems 10 during the day, and uses the power from these battery systems 10 to maintain stratospheric flight at night. For example, during the day, the HAPS700 ascends and accumulates potential energy while charging the multiple battery systems 10, and at night, it descends slowly while appropriately using the power from the battery systems 10 to operate propellers 730, thereby maintaining stratospheric flight.

[0083] Management device 800 manages multiple HAPS700s. Management device 800 can communicate with HAPS700s via network 20 and gateway 40. Management device 800 can also communicate with HAPS700s via network 20, satellite communication station 60, and communication satellite 50.

[0084] The management device 800 controls the HAPS 700 by sending instructions. For example, the management device 800 may rotate the HAPS 700 above the target area to cover the ground target area via the communication area 704. The HAPS 700 may fly in a circular orbit above the target area while maintaining the feeder link with the gateway 40 by adjusting the pointing direction of the FL antenna, and maintaining the coverage of the target area by the communication area 704 by adjusting the pointing direction of the SL antenna.

[0085] The present invention has been described above using embodiments, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications or improvements can be made to the above embodiments. As can be clearly understood from the claims, such modifications or improvements are also included within the technical scope of the present invention.

[0086] It should be noted that the execution order of actions, sequences, steps, and stages in the apparatus, systems, programs, and methods shown in the claims, specification, and drawings can be implemented in any order, unless specifically stated as "earlier" or "before," and as long as the output of a previous process is not used in a later process. Regarding the flow of actions in the claims, specification, and drawings, even if "firstly," "nextly," etc., are used for convenience, it does not mean that they must be implemented in that order.

[0087] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0088] 10. Battery system; 20. Network; 30. User terminal; 40. Gateway; 50. Communication satellite; 60. Satellite communication station; 100. Lithium metal battery; 110. Battery cell; 200. Restraint device; 210. Restraint component; 212. Plate-like component; 214. Base; 216. Protrusion; 2162. Protrusion; 2164. Protrusion; 218. Frame component; 219. Groove; 220. Restraint component; 222. Plate-like Components; 224, base; 226, protrusion; 228, frame component; 230, fixed component; 700, HAPS; 702, beam; 704, communication area; 710, fuselage; 712, wing; 714, left wing; 716, right wing; 720, central section; 722, flight control unit; 724, communication control unit; 730, propeller; 740, pod; 750, solar panel; 800, management device.

Claims

1. A restraint device for restraining a lithium metal battery comprising multiple cells, said restraint device comprising: A constraint component, comprising a plate-shaped component and a frame component, wherein the plate-shaped component is made of rubber and has a plate-shaped base and multiple protrusions on the base, and the frame component is for embedding the plate-shaped component; and A fixing component, which fixes the plate-shaped component embedded in the frame component while pressing it against the lithium metal battery and applying pressure.

2. The restraint device according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the plurality of protrusions has a conical shape.

3. The restraint device according to claim 2, wherein, Each of the plurality of protrusions has a conical shape with a height-to-diameter ratio between 1:1 and 1:

5.

4. The restraint device according to claim 1, wherein, The base is alternately provided with rectangular protrusions with cuts made longitudinally along the base in the center portion and rectangular protrusions with cuts made transversely along the base in the center portion.

5. The restraint device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, Due to the elasticity of the plate-shaped component, the pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device during charging is less than 5 MPa, and the pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device during discharging is more than 0.1 MPa.

6. The restraint device according to claim 5, wherein, The pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device during charging is less than 3 MPa.

7. The restraint device according to claim 6, wherein, The pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device during charging is less than 2 MPa.

8. The restraint device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein, The pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device during discharge is 0.3 MPa or more.

9. The restraint device according to claim 8, wherein, The pressure applied to the plurality of battery cells by the restraint device during discharge is 0.5 MPa or more.

10. The restraint device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The constraint component includes a first constraint component having a first plate-shaped component and a first frame component, and a second constraint component having a second plate-shaped component and a second frame component. The fixing component is fixed while the lithium metal battery is clamped and pressurized by the first constraint component and the second constraint component.

11. A battery system comprising: The restraint device according to any one of claims 1 to 10; and The lithium metal battery.

12. A flying body, possessing: The battery system of claim 11; and A propulsion generating device that uses electrical energy stored in the battery system to generate propulsion.

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