Green low-carbon petroleum chemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of breathing gas separation and recovery, and particularly relates to a green and low-carbon petroleum chemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device and method. The recovery device comprises a separation tower, the separation tower is internally provided with a filler layering assembly and a jacking assembly, the filler layering assembly comprises a filling net limiting sleeve provided at the top, a plurality of partition nets, a compression net and a movable net, the partition nets are coaxially arranged in the limiting sleeve, the compression net is arranged between adjacent partition nets, the partition net is mainly composed of elastic ropes arranged in a transverse and longitudinal staggered manner, the top of the partition net is filled with ceramic fillers, the movable net is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the limiting sleeve and is slidably connected with the limiting sleeve, the jacking assembly is arranged below the movable net, and with the increase of the air inlet amount, the jacking assembly is started to push the movable net to move upwards to compress the filling volume of the ceramic fillers. By arranging the movable net which moves up and down, the volume of the ceramic fillers is compressed, the density of the overall gap of the ceramic fillers is changed, and the mass transfer efficiency is specifically improved.

Description

A green and low-carbon device and method for recovering breathing gas from petrochemical storage tanks. Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of breathing gas separation and recovery technology, and in particular to a green and low-carbon breathing gas recovery device and method for petrochemical storage tanks. Background Technology

[0002] The gas volume inside petrochemical storage tanks expands and contracts due to changes in environmental conditions or material states, exhibiting a phenomenon similar to "breathing." To maintain pressure balance inside and outside the tank, gas inflow and outflow need to be controlled. The discharged gas mostly contains organic compounds such as aromatics and aliphatic hydrocarbons, requiring separation during discharge. However, the discharge rate from petrochemical storage tanks is irregular and variable, often exhibiting a polarization and rapid discharge speed. Existing gas recovery devices, to ensure separation efficiency, have a limited range of inflow capacity. When the inflow exceeds the recovery device's capacity, insufficient contact time between the discharged gas and solvent affects the final separation effect. Conversely, when the inflow is less than the recovery device's capacity, excessive contact time prolongs the separation time, reducing efficiency. This makes existing gas recovery devices ill-suited for the recovery and separation of breathing gas from petrochemical storage tanks. Therefore, a green and low-carbon device and method for recovering breathing gas from petrochemical storage tanks is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device and method, which has the advantages of supporting intermittent separation and being able to adjust the separation conditions according to the flow rate of the gas to be separated.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a green and low-carbon breathing gas recovery device for petrochemical storage tanks, comprising a separation tower. The separation tower includes a shell, a packing stratification assembly, a lifting assembly, a liquid distributor, and a baffle plate. The packing stratification assembly is disposed within the shell. The liquid distributor is positioned above the packing stratification assembly and sprays solvent into the packing stratification assembly. An outlet channel is provided at the top of the shell, and the baffle plate is positioned between the liquid distributor and the outlet channel. An inlet channel is provided below the packing stratification assembly for introducing the gas to be separated. The packing stratification assembly includes a limiting sleeve and a separating mesh. The limiting sleeve comprises a compression mesh and a movable mesh. The top of the limiting sleeve is equipped with a filling mesh, and several partition meshes are coaxially arranged within the limiting sleeve. The compression mesh is positioned between adjacent partition meshes. The partition meshes are primarily composed of interlaced elastic ropes, and the top of the partition meshes is filled with ceramic filler. Both the compression mesh and the movable mesh include a metal grid and a frustum-shaped raised mesh. The frustum-shaped raised mesh is positioned above the metal grid. The movable mesh is coaxially positioned at the bottom of the limiting sleeve and slidably connected to it. A lifting assembly is positioned below the movable mesh. As the air intake increases, the lifting assembly is activated to push the movable mesh upwards, compressing the filling volume of the ceramic filler.

[0005] Furthermore, a limiting rod is provided in a ring between adjacent partition nets. The limiting rod passes through the compression net and is fitted with a spring. The spring provides a preload force to the compression net to move downward.

[0006] Furthermore, the solvent is paraffin oil or diesel oil, and the separation tower also includes a circulation pump. One end of the circulation pump is connected to the bottom of the shell, and the other end of the circulation pump is connected to the liquid distributor. The liquid distributor includes several water outlet rods, and the bottom of the water outlet rods is provided with multiple water outlet holes. A dispersion sleeve is fitted on the water outlet rod at the position corresponding to the water outlet hole. The dispersion sleeve includes a fixing ring and a dispersion blade. Several dispersion blades are circumferentially connected to two fixing rings. When in use, one side of the dispersion blade contacts the side wall of the water outlet rod.

[0007] Furthermore, a counterweight is provided inside the fixing ring, and the position of the counterweight corresponds to the position of one of its leaflets. When no external force is applied, the leaflet with the counterweight is horizontally positioned at the water outlet.

[0008] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a telescopic cylinder and an abutment block. The telescopic cylinder is located at the bottom of the housing, and the abutment block is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder. The abutment block includes a conical block and a triangular plate, with several triangular plates arranged in a ring around the conical block.

[0009] Furthermore, the recovery device also includes a buffer assembly, which includes a slide bar, an outlet base, a movable seat, and a telescopic tube. Several slide bars are mounted above the outlet base, the movable seat is slidably mounted on the slide bars, and the telescopic tube connects the bottom of the movable seat and the top of the outlet base. The top of the movable seat is connected to the outlet of the chemical storage tank, and the bottom of the outlet base is connected to the air inlet channel, with a control valve provided between the two.

[0010] Furthermore, both the movable base and the air outlet base are filled with filter material.

[0011] Furthermore, the separation tower also includes a diversion pipe, one end of which is connected to the air inlet channel, and the other end of which is encircled by the inner wall of the housing. The portion of the diversion pipe located inside the housing has several overflow pipes in the inner ring. The overflow pipes are inclined downward and their angle with the horizontal plane is less than 90 degrees.

[0012] In another aspect, the present invention provides a green and low-carbon method for recovering breathing gas from petrochemical storage tanks, which utilizes the green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device described above, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0013] S1: When the sensor inside the chemical storage tank detects that the internal air pressure exceeds the preset value, it opens the valve between the chemical storage tank and the buffer assembly, allowing excess gas in the chemical storage tank to enter the buffer assembly. At this time, the moving seat changes position as the air intake increases. The filter material is granular activated carbon or zeolite.

[0014] S2: Adjust the size of the control valve according to the bearing capacity of the buffer assembly. As the air intake increases, the lifting assembly raises the movable net. The movable net abuts against the elastic rope inside the separator and compresses the volume of the ceramic packing at the top of the separator to increase the density of the ceramic packing.

[0015] S3: The liquid distributor is connected to an external pipeline and sprays paraffin oil or diesel oil on top of the packing layer assembly, with the liquid-to-gas ratio controlled at (1-1.5):1.

[0016] S4: The gas separated by the separation tower enters the regenerative thermal oxidizer for further combustion. The regenerative thermal oxidizer has at least three regenerator chambers, which are filled with regenerators.

[0017] S5: Use a heat pump to recover the waste heat of flue gas in the regenerative incinerator.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S4, the separated gas is mixed with air and burned in the combustion chamber of the regenerative incinerator, with the gas residence time controlled to be >1 second and the combustion chamber temperature >820°C.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. This invention addresses the large variation in the volume of exhaust gas from petrochemical storage tanks by incorporating a corresponding recovery device for separating waste gas and recovering resources from the exhaust gas. A separation tower is installed, utilizing the solvent to fully contact the exhaust gas and separate organic solvents such as toluene and xylene. During this process, a partition mesh divides the ceramic packing within the separation tower into multiple layers. This movable mesh, as the gas flow rate increases, compresses the overall volume of the ceramic packing, increasing the density of the overall gaps between the packing layers and the specific surface area for gas-liquid contact, thus improving mass transfer efficiency. Simultaneously, the denser structure better suppresses mist entrainment and delays flooding, extending the contact time between the gas and solvent and improving separation efficiency. The adjustable density of the ceramic packing within the separation tower significantly increases its adaptability to varying gas flow rates, making it more suitable for separating and recovering variable volumes of exhaust gas from petrochemical storage tanks.

[0021] 2. This invention uses a water outlet rod as a liquid distributor in a separation tower. A dispersion sleeve fitted on the water outlet rod utilizes the force of the solvent spray to drive the dispersion sleeve to rotate, thereby dispersing the solvent. Since the solvents are paraffin oil and diesel oil, to prevent solidification at the water outlet, one side of the dispersion sleeve is made to contact the side wall of the water outlet rod. During rotation, the dispersion sleeve and the water outlet rod experience slight friction to stabilize the local temperature near the water outlet. Compared to traditional nozzles, this invention is more suitable for spraying organic solvents. By setting a counterweight, the weight of the fixing ring is uneven, ensuring the normal start-up of the dispersion sleeve.

[0022] 3. Although the separation tower itself can adapt to large changes in intake volume, in order to reduce the impact of instantaneous flow velocity of the exhaust gas, a buffer component is installed at the front end of the separation tower. The buffer component is equipped with filter material to achieve preliminary filtration of the exhaust gas. By setting up a telescopic pipe that can extend and retract vertically and a movable seat that can move vertically and vertically, the internal volume of the buffer component can be changed, which can better adapt to the changes in exhaust gas from petrochemical storage tanks.

[0023] 4. This invention fully recovers and utilizes the resources of the exhaust gas from chemical storage tanks by setting up separation, incineration and flue gas recovery processes. This not only reduces pollutant emissions, but also recovers organic solvents such as toluene and xylene.

[0024] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0025] Undoubtedly, such and other objects of the present invention will become more apparent after the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, which are illustrated in various accompanying drawings and figures.

[0026] To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, one or more preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0028] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts use the same reference numerals, and the drawings are schematic and not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one or more embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on such drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the separation tower of a green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the separation tower of a green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the packing layered assembly of a green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the outlet rod structure of a green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the contact block structure of a green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the diversion pipe structure of a green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the buffer component structure of a green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device according to the present invention.

[0038] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0039] 1-Separation tower;

[0040] 11-Shell;

[0041] 12- Packing layered assembly;

[0042] 121-Limiting sleeve; 1211-Filling net; 122-Separating net; 1221-Elastic rope; 1222-Limiting rod; 1223-Spring; 123-Compression net; 124-Movable net;

[0043] 13-Lifting Component;

[0044] 131-Telescopic cylinder; 132-Abutting block; 1321-Conical block; 1322-Triangular plate;

[0045] 14-Liquid distributor;

[0046] 141-Water outlet rod; 142-Water outlet hole; 143-Dispersion sleeve; 1431-Fixing ring; 1432-Dispersion blade;

[0047] 15-Baffle plate;

[0048] 16 - Air outlet channel;

[0049] 17 - Intake passage;

[0050] 18-Circulation pump;

[0051] 19-Diverter pipe;

[0052] 191 - Overflow pipe;

[0053] 2-Buffer components;

[0054] 21-Slide bar;

[0055] 22-Air vent base;

[0056] 23-Mobile Seat;

[0057] 24-Expanding tube;

[0058] 25-Filter material. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0060] Referring to Figures 1-8, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a green and low-carbon breathing gas recovery device for petrochemical storage tanks. The recovery device includes a separation tower 1 and a buffer assembly 2.

[0061] The separation tower 1 includes a shell 11, a packing stratification assembly 12, a lifting assembly 13, a liquid distributor 14, and baffles 15. The packing stratification assembly 12 is located inside the shell 11, and the liquid distributor 14 is located above the packing stratification assembly 12 and sprays solvent into the packing stratification assembly 12. The solvent is paraffin oil or diesel oil. In order to realize the recycling of the solvent and prevent the paraffin oil or diesel oil from solidifying and clogging the outlet hole 142 due to temperature, the separation tower 1 also includes a circulation pump 18. One end of the circulation pump 18 is connected to the bottom of the shell 11, and the other end of the circulation pump 18 is connected to the liquid distributor 14. The liquid distributor 14 includes several outlet rods 141, each with multiple outlet holes 142 at its bottom. Dispersing sleeves 143 are fitted onto the outlet rods 141 at positions corresponding to the outlet holes 142. Each dispersing sleeve 143 includes a retaining ring 1431 and dispersing blades 1432. Several dispersing blades 1432 are circumferentially connected to two retaining rings 1431. During use, one side of each dispersing blade 1432 contacts the side wall of the outlet rod 141. It should be noted that some of the solvent in the outlet rods 141 originates from an external solvent pipe, while some comes from bottom circulation. If necessary, a counterweight is provided inside the retaining ring 1431, with the position of the counterweight corresponding to the position of one of the dispersing blades 1432. Without external force, the dispersing blade 1432 with the counterweight lies horizontally across the outlet hole 142.

[0062] The top of the shell 11 is provided with an exhaust channel 16, which connects to a regenerative thermal oxidizer. The regenerative thermal oxidizer is a prior art technology. In this embodiment, the regenerative thermal oxidizer is selected to have at least three regenerator chambers, each filled with a regenerator. The separated gas reaches the combustion chamber in the regenerative thermal oxidizer and mixes with air for combustion. A baffle plate 15 is located between the liquid distributor 14 and the exhaust channel 16. The baffle plate 15 consists of several parallel V-shaped plates. The absorbed gas passes through the gaps in the baffle plate 15 to reach the exhaust channel 16. Below the packing stratification assembly 12, the shell 11 is provided with an intake channel 17, which is used to introduce the gas to be separated.

[0063] The packing stratification assembly 12 includes a limiting sleeve 121, a separator mesh 122, a compaction mesh 123, and a movable mesh 124. The top of the limiting sleeve 121 is provided with a packing mesh 1211, which is a conventional metal packing mesh 1211. The sprayed solvent undergoes initial dispersion through the metal packing mesh 1211. Several separator meshes 122 are coaxially arranged within the limiting sleeve 121, and the compaction mesh 123 is located between adjacent separator meshes 122. The separator meshes 122 are mainly composed of crisscrossing elastic ropes 1221. The top of the separator meshes 122 is filled with ceramic packing. The ceramic packing is placed within the separator meshes 122 under the support of the elastic ropes 1221. Because stratification has been performed, the weight of the ceramic packing at most causes the elastic ropes 1221 to bend slightly downwards. This better overcomes the wall flow effect of liquid solvents—the liquid is more likely to flow towards the tower wall—and increases the dispersion of the solvent within the ceramic packing. Both the compaction mesh 123 and the movable mesh 124 include a metal grid and a frustum-shaped raised mesh. The frustum-shaped raised mesh is located above the metal grid. The compaction mesh 123 can transmit the deformation between the various partition meshes 122 and also limit the position of each layer of partition meshes 122. The frustum-shaped raised mesh can not only counteract the slight downward bending of the support surface of the elastic rope 1221, but also arch upward from the middle position to achieve a large density change of the ceramic packing. The movable mesh 124 is coaxially located at the bottom of the limiting sleeve 121 and is slidably connected to the limiting sleeve 121. The lifting assembly 13 is located below the movable mesh 124. As the air intake increases, the lifting assembly 13 is activated to push the movable mesh 124 upward and compress the filling volume of the ceramic packing.

[0064] To enhance the reset function of the limiting rod 1222, a limiting rod 1222 is provided in a ring between adjacent partition nets 122. The limiting rod 1222 passes through the pressing net 123 and is fitted with a spring 1223. The spring 1223 provides a pre-tightening force to the pressing net 123 for downward movement.

[0065] The lifting assembly 13 includes a telescopic cylinder 131 and an abutment block 132. The telescopic cylinder 131 is located at the bottom of the housing 11, and the abutment block 132 is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 131. To reduce the contact between the abutment block 132 and the movable net 124 and reduce the gas-liquid contact space, the abutment block 132 includes a conical block 1321 and triangular plates 1322. Several triangular plates 1322 are arranged around the conical block 1321. At this time, gas can enter the movable net 124 through the gaps between the triangular plates 1322.

[0066] The buffer assembly 2 includes slide rods 21, an outlet base 22, a movable base 23, and a telescopic pipe 24. Several slide rods 21 are mounted above the outlet base 22. The movable base 23 is slidably mounted on the slide rods 21. The telescopic pipe 24 connects the bottom of the movable base 23 and the top of the outlet base 22. The top of the movable base 23 communicates with the outlet of the chemical storage tank. The bottom of the outlet base 22 communicates with the inlet channel 17, and a control valve is provided between the two. The control valve is an existing gas flow control valve with a backflow function, which will not be described in detail here. The control valve is used to balance the gas flow between the buffer assembly 2 and the separation tower 1. To achieve preliminary filtration of the gas from the chemical storage tank, both the movable base 23 and the outlet base 22 are filled with filter material 25, which is granular activated carbon or zeolite.

[0067] To further regulate the gas distribution in the separation tower 1, the separation tower 1 also includes a diversion pipe 19. One end of the diversion pipe 19 is connected to the air inlet channel 17, and the other end of the diversion pipe 19 is arranged around the inner wall of the shell 11. The part of the diversion pipe 19 located inside the shell 11 has several overflow pipes 191 in the inner ring. The overflow pipes 191 are inclined downward and the angle between them and the horizontal plane is less than 90 degrees.

[0068] Secondly, the present invention provides a green and low-carbon method for recovering breathing gas from petrochemical storage tanks, using the green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device as described above, specifically including the following steps:

[0069] S1: When the sensor inside the chemical storage tank detects that the internal air pressure exceeds the preset value, it opens the valve between the chemical storage tank and the buffer assembly, allowing excess gas in the chemical storage tank to enter the buffer assembly. When the air intake of the buffer assembly is less than its air output, the moving seat changes position as the air intake increases, thereby reducing the impact of instantaneous airflow on the control valve. At this time, the filter material is granular activated carbon or zeolite.

[0070] S2: Adjust the size of the control valve according to the bearing capacity of the buffer assembly. As the air intake increases, the lifting assembly raises the movable net. The movable net abuts against the elastic rope inside the separator and compresses the volume of the ceramic packing at the top of the separator to increase the density of the ceramic packing.

[0071] S3: The liquid distributor is connected to an external pipeline and sprays paraffin oil or diesel oil on top of the packing layer assembly, with the liquid-to-gas ratio controlled at (1-1.5):1.

[0072] S4: The gas separated by the separation tower enters the combustion chamber of the regenerative incinerator and mixes with air for further combustion treatment. The gas residence time is controlled to be >1 second; the combustion chamber temperature is >820℃. At the same time, the regenerative incinerator has at least three regenerative chambers, which are filled with regenerative materials.

[0073] S5: Use heat pumps to recover waste heat from flue gas in regenerative incinerators. Heat pump recovery utilizes high-temperature heat pumps as "heat transporters" to further increase the temperature of low-grade flue gas waste heat, converting it into high-grade usable heat energy for production or daily life, thereby replacing some of the original steam or gas consumption.

[0074] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to the specific processing steps or materials disclosed herein, but should be extended to equivalent substitutions of such features as understood by those skilled in the art. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0075] The term "embodiment" in this specification refers to a specific feature or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment that is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, phrases or "embodiments" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0076] Furthermore, the described features or characteristics can be incorporated into one or more embodiments in any other suitable manner. In the above description, specific details, such as thickness, quantity, etc., are provided to provide a comprehensive understanding of embodiments of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be implemented without the aforementioned specific details or may be implemented using other methods, components, materials, etc.

Claims

1. A green and low-carbon breathing gas recovery device for petrochemical storage tanks, characterized in that, The separation tower includes a shell, a packing stratification assembly, a lifting assembly, a liquid distributor, and baffles. The packing stratification assembly is located inside the shell. The liquid distributor is positioned above the packing stratification assembly and sprays solvent into it. An outlet channel is located at the top of the shell, and the baffles are positioned between the liquid distributor and the outlet channel. An inlet channel is located below the packing stratification assembly, used to introduce the gas to be separated. The packing stratification assembly includes a limiting sleeve, a separator mesh, a compression mesh, and a movable mesh. A filling mesh is located at the top of the limiting sleeve. Several separator meshes are coaxially arranged within the limiting sleeve. The compression mesh is positioned between adjacent separator meshes. The separator mesh is mainly composed of interlaced elastic ropes. The top of the separator mesh is filled with... The device contains ceramic filler. Both the compaction mesh and the movable mesh include a metal grid and a frustum-shaped raised mesh. The frustum-shaped raised mesh is located above the metal grid. The movable mesh is coaxially located at the bottom of the limiting sleeve and slidably connected to the limiting sleeve. The lifting assembly is located below the movable mesh. As the air intake increases, the lifting assembly is activated to push the movable mesh upward and compress the filling volume of the ceramic filler. The lifting assembly includes a telescopic cylinder and a stop block. The telescopic cylinder is located at the bottom of the housing. The stop block is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder. The stop block includes a conical block and a triangular plate. Several triangular plates are arranged in a ring around the conical block. A limiting rod is arranged in a ring between adjacent partition meshes. The limiting rod passes through the compaction mesh and is fitted with a spring. The spring provides a preload force for the compaction mesh to move downward.

2. The green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent is paraffin oil or diesel oil. The separation tower also includes a circulation pump, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the shell, and the other end of which is connected to the liquid distributor. The liquid distributor includes several outlet rods, and the bottom of the outlet rods is provided with multiple outlet holes. A dispersion sleeve is fitted on the outlet rod at the position corresponding to the outlet hole. The dispersion sleeve includes a fixing ring and a dispersion blade. Several dispersion blades are circumferentially connected to two fixing rings. When in use, one side of the dispersion blade contacts the side wall of the outlet rod.

3. The green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed ring is equipped with a counterweight, the position of which corresponds to the position of one of its leaflets. When no external force is applied, the leaflet with the counterweight is horizontally positioned at the water outlet.

4. The green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a buffer assembly, which includes a slide bar, an outlet base, a movable seat, and a telescopic tube. Several slide bars are mounted above the outlet base, the movable seat is slidably mounted on the slide bars, and the telescopic tube connects the bottom of the movable seat and the top of the outlet base. The top of the movable seat is connected to the outlet of the chemical storage tank, and the bottom of the outlet base is connected to the inlet channel, with a control valve provided between the two.

5. The green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the movable base and the air outlet base are filled with filter material.

6. The green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The separation tower also includes a diversion pipe, one end of which is connected to the air inlet channel, and the other end of which is encircled by the inner wall of the housing. The portion of the diversion pipe located inside the housing has several overflow pipes in the inner ring. The overflow pipes are inclined downward and the angle between them and the horizontal plane is less than 90 degrees.

7. A green and low-carbon method for recovering breathing gas from petrochemical storage tanks, characterized in that, The application of the green and low-carbon petrochemical storage tank breathing gas recovery device as described in claim 6 specifically includes the following steps: S1: When the sensor in the chemical storage tank detects that the internal gas pressure exceeds the preset value, it opens the valve between the chemical storage tank and the buffer component, allowing excess gas in the chemical storage tank to enter the buffer component. At this time, the moving seat changes position as the air intake increases, and the filter material is granular activated carbon or zeolite; S2: The size of the control valve is adjusted according to the bearing capacity of the buffer component. As the air intake increases, the lifting component raises the movable net upward. The movable net abuts against the elastic rope in the separator and compresses the volume of the ceramic packing at the top of the separator upward to increase the density of the ceramic packing; S3: The liquid distributor is connected to an external pipeline and sprays paraffin oil or diesel oil on the top of the packing layering component. The liquid-to-gas ratio is controlled at (1-1.5):1; S4: The gas separated by the separation tower enters the regenerative thermal incinerator for further incineration. The regenerative thermal incinerator has at least three regenerator chambers, and the regenerator chambers are filled with regenerators; S5: The waste heat of the flue gas in the regenerative thermal incinerator is recovered by a heat pump.

8. The green and low-carbon method for recovering breathing gas from petrochemical storage tanks according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S4, the separated gas is mixed with air and burned in the combustion chamber of the regenerative incinerator, with the gas residence time controlled to be >1 second and the combustion chamber temperature >820℃.

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