High-precision die-casting die for aviation component

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision die-casting die for aviation parts, which belongs to the technical field of precision die-casting fitting forming and processing, and comprises a fixed die plate fixed at the end part of a die-casting machine, a concave die mounted on the side surface of the fixed die plate, and a movable die plate arranged on a tiebar of the die-casting machine in a sliding manner. The n-shaped plate capable of vertically moving is arranged between the top of the female die and the top of the male die, the spray heads are arranged on the two sides of the n-shaped plate, and the telescopic mechanism is matched, so that when the n-shaped plate is controlled to move downwards through the air cylinder after die opening, the telescopic mechanism can control stretching and retracting of the transverse rod through the guiding effect of the guiding block and the guiding groove according to the surface shapes of the female die and the male die; and then the position of the spray head is adjusted in real time, so that it is guaranteed that the distance between the spray head and the surface of the mold is the same all the time when the spray head moves vertically, the problem of local liquid accumulation or droplet drifting caused by the fixed distance is avoided, a thin and uniform release agent isolating membrane can be formed, and precise cooling of a mold cavity can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a die-casting mold, and more particularly to a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components, belonging to the field of precision die-casting forming and processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of aviation equipment, the manufacturing precision of aviation components directly determines the flight safety, reliability, and service life of aviation equipment. In the high-precision die-casting production of aviation components, the spray treatment after mold opening is a key process to ensure the continuity of die casting, mold life, and casting quality. Its core function is to use high-pressure atomized cooling water and release agent mixture to achieve precise cooling of the mold cavity, uniform coating of release agent, and cleaning of residual impurities in the cavity, thereby avoiding casting sticking and tearing, ensuring smooth demolding of castings, and ensuring that the mold temperature is stable within the optimal process range, reducing mold deformation and casting dimensional deviations caused by uneven thermal expansion and contraction.

[0003] However, the distance between the nozzle and the mold in existing spraying devices is fixed and cannot be adjusted in real time according to the surface shape of the concave and convex molds. This results in some areas where the nozzle is too close or too far from the mold surface. If it is too close, liquid will easily accumulate; if it is too far, the droplets will disperse, making it impossible to form a uniform release agent coating and effective cooling. This leads to waste of release agent and insufficient local cooling, which seriously affects the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of aerospace parts. In addition, the spraying angle of existing spraying devices is fixed, and the spraying path is easily blocked by structures such as cores and bosses, forming spray blind spots. These blind spots cannot be effectively cooled and coated with release agent, resulting in excessively high local mold temperatures and significantly reducing the yield of aerospace parts.

[0004] To address this issue, a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components was designed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components. This mold features a vertically movable U-shaped plate positioned between the top of the concave and convex molds, with nozzles on both sides. A telescopic mechanism, composed of a mounting plate, guide rod, spring one, guide block, guide groove, crossbar, fixing block, spring two, first rotating rod, strip plate, guide wheel, through groove, and sliding hole, allows the U-shaped plate to move downwards after mold opening, controlled by a cylinder. The telescopic mechanism, based on the surface shapes of the concave and convex molds, utilizes the guiding action of the guide block and guide groove to control the extension and retraction of the crossbar, thereby adjusting the nozzle position in real time. This ensures that the nozzles remain at the same distance from the mold surface during vertical movement, avoiding the problems of localized liquid accumulation or droplet dispersion caused by fixed spacing. This system can form a thin and uniform release agent isolation film and achieve precise cooling of the mold cavity. By setting up a swing mechanism on both sides of the U-shaped plate, consisting of a shell, a second rotating rod, a worm gear, a through-hole, a lever, a strip groove, a pneumatic motor, and a worm, and connecting the exhaust end of the pneumatic motor with the air inlet end of the sprayer through an air pipe, it achieves linkage drive from the same air source. During the spraying process, the pneumatic motor drives the meshing transmission of the worm and worm gear, which drives the lever to rotate, thereby driving the nozzle on the strip plate to swing back and forth. This effectively breaks through the limitations of fixed-angle spraying, avoids obstruction of the spray path, achieves full coverage of the cavity without dead angles, ensures that even blind spots are coated with release agent and precisely cooled, and guarantees the yield of aerospace parts.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution: A high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components includes a fixed template fixed to the end of a die-casting machine, a concave mold mounted on the side of the fixed template, a movable template slidably disposed on the gatepost of the die-casting machine, and a punch fixed on the movable template and adapted to the concave mold. A bracket is fixedly installed on the top of the template, and a cylinder is vertically installed on the top of the bracket. The cylinder is located in the top area between the die and the punch. The output end of the cylinder extends vertically downward and is fixedly installed with a U-shaped plate. Sprayers are evenly spaced on both sides of the U-shaped plate along its length. Adjacent sprayers on the same side of the U-shaped plate are connected to each other through a connecting pipe. Sprayers are installed on both sides of the U-shaped plate, and the output end of the sprayer is connected to the sprayer on the corresponding side. The girder plate is equipped with a telescopic mechanism inside. During the process of the cylinder driving the girder plate to move downward, the telescopic mechanism adaptively pushes each nozzle to move in the horizontal direction according to the surface shape of the die and punch, so as to ensure that the distance between all nozzles and the surface of the die and punch remains consistent during the downward movement. Both sides of the U-shaped plate are equipped with swing mechanisms to drive the nozzle to swing back and forth during spraying to achieve full-area spray coverage of the cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism includes a mounting plate, a guide rod, a spring, a guide block, a guide groove, and a crossbar. The mounting plate is vertically slidably disposed inside the U-shaped plate. The guide rod is vertically fixed to the inner top of the U-shaped plate, and the guide rod and the mounting plate are vertically slidably engaged. A spring is fixedly connected between the mounting plate and the inner top of the U-shaped plate, and the guide rod passes through the spring. The mounting plate has guide blocks that are uniformly and vertically arranged along the length direction on the side near the die, and guide grooves that are uniformly and vertically arranged along the length direction on the side near the punch, matching the surface shape of the punch. Crossbars are horizontally slidably disposed on both sides of the U-shaped plate corresponding to the guide blocks and guide grooves. A fixing block is fixed to the bottom of the crossbar away from the mounting plate. A spring is provided between the fixing block and the side of the U-shaped plate. A first rotating rod is rotatably mounted to the end of the crossbar away from the mounting plate. A strip plate is fixedly mounted to the end of the first rotating rod, and the nozzle is fixed to the bottom of the side of the strip plate.

[0008] Preferably, the end of the crossbar furthest from the nozzle is rotatably equipped with a guide wheel, the surface of the guide wheel is coated with a wear-resistant coating, and the guide wheel rolls and fits against the surface of the guide block and the inner wall of the guide groove respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the side of the U-shaped plate is evenly provided with through grooves that are adapted to the crossbars along the length direction, the crossbars pass through the through grooves and slide horizontally with the through grooves, and the top of the mounting plate is evenly provided with sliding holes that are adapted to the guide rods along the length direction, the guide rods slide with the sliding holes.

[0010] Preferably, the swing mechanism includes a housing, a second rotating rod, a worm gear, a strip groove, and a pneumatic motor. The housing is fixed to the side of the U-shaped plate along its length. The second rotating rod is rotatably installed at intervals along the length of the housing. A worm gear is fixedly installed at the end of each second rotating rod. The outer side of the housing has evenly spaced openings that mate with the worm gear. A lever is vertically fixedly installed on the outer side of each worm gear. A strip groove is vertically opened on the strip plate. The end of the lever away from the worm gear passes through the strip groove and slides with it. A pneumatic motor is installed at the end of the housing. The exhaust end of the pneumatic motor is connected to the air inlet end of the sprayer through an air pipe. A worm is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the pneumatic motor, and the worm meshes with multiple sets of worm gears on the same side for transmission.

[0011] Preferably, the nozzles on both sides of the U-shaped plate are symmetrically arranged, and the spray nozzle of each nozzle faces the cavity surface of the concave and convex molds, and the atomized particle size of the nozzle is in the range of 5-20μm.

[0012] Preferably, the transition between the surface of the guide block and the interior of the guide groove is arc-shaped, and the surfaces of the guide block and the guide groove are provided with a wear-resistant and smooth coating.

[0013] Preferably, there are three sets of springs, and the spacing between adjacent springs is the same. Springs are compression springs made of stainless steel.

[0014] Preferably, the side of the worm gear furthest from the second rotating rod is fitted against the inner wall of the housing, the diameter of the worm gear is larger than the diameter of the opening, and a sealing ring is provided on the side of the worm gear closest to the opening.

[0015] Preferably, the lever is cylindrical in shape, and the width of the groove is the same as the diameter of the lever.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components. It features a vertically movable U-shaped plate positioned between the top of the concave and convex molds, with nozzles on both sides of the U-shaped plate. Combined with a telescopic mechanism consisting of a mounting plate, guide rod, spring one, guide block, guide groove, crossbar, fixing block, spring two, first rotating rod, strip plate, guide wheel, through groove, and sliding hole, the telescopic mechanism, after mold opening, controls the downward movement of the U-shaped plate via a cylinder. Based on the surface shape of the concave and convex molds, the guide block and guide groove guide the telescopic mechanism to control the extension and retraction of the crossbar, thereby adjusting the nozzle position in real time. This ensures that the nozzles remain at the same distance from the mold surface during vertical movement, avoiding the problems of localized liquid accumulation or droplet dispersion caused by fixed spacing. It forms a thin and uniform release agent isolation film and achieves precise cooling of the mold cavity. By providing a swing mechanism consisting of a housing, a second rotating rod, a worm gear, a through-hole, a lever, a strip groove, a pneumatic motor, and a worm on both sides of the U-shaped plate, and connecting the exhaust end of the pneumatic motor to the air inlet end of the sprayer through an air pipe, the linkage drive of the same air source is realized. During the spraying process, the pneumatic motor drives the meshing transmission of the worm and worm gear, which drives the lever to rotate, thereby driving the nozzle on the strip plate to swing back and forth. This effectively breaks through the limitations of fixed-angle spraying, avoids the spray path being blocked, achieves full-area coverage of the cavity without dead corners, ensures that even blind spots can be uniformly coated with release agent and precisely cooled, and guarantees the yield of aerospace parts. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the mold opening state of a preferred embodiment of a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side structure diagram of a fixed template in a preferred embodiment of a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a preferred embodiment of the external overall structure of the U-shaped plate in a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of a U-shaped plate in a preferred embodiment of a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the right side of the mounting plate in a preferred embodiment of a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the left side of the mounting plate in a preferred embodiment of a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the linkage state of the telescopic mechanism and the swing mechanism in a preferred embodiment of a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a diagram of a preferred embodiment of a telescopic mechanism in a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the swing mechanism in a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Fixed template; 2. Cavity mold; 3. Moving template; 4. Punch mold; 5. Support; 6. Cylinder; 7. U-shaped plate; 8. Nozzle; 9. Sprayer; 10. Telescopic mechanism; 1001. Mounting plate; 1002. Guide rod; 1003. Spring 1; 1004. Guide block; 1005. Guide groove; 1006. Crossbar; 1007. Fixing block; 1008. Spring 2; 1009. First rotating rod; 1010. Strip plate; 1011. Guide wheel; 1012. Through groove; 1013. Sliding hole; 11. Swinging mechanism; 1101. Housing; 1102. Second rotating rod; 1103. Worm gear; 1104. Through port; 1105. Lever; 1106. Slot; 1107. Pneumatic motor; 1108. Worm. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0020] Example 1 like Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components, including a fixed template 1 fixed at the end of the die-casting machine, a concave mold 2 installed on the side of the fixed template 1, a movable template 3 slidably disposed on the gatepost of the die-casting machine, and a punch 4 fixed on the movable template 3 and adapted to the concave mold 2 for die-casting. A bracket 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the template 1. A cylinder 6 is vertically installed on the top of the bracket 5. The cylinder 6 is located in the top area between the die 2 and the punch 4. The output end of the cylinder 6 extends vertically downward and is fixedly installed with a U-shaped plate 7. Sprayers 8 are evenly spaced along the length of the two sides of the U-shaped plate 7. Adjacent sprayers 8 on the same side of the U-shaped plate 7 are connected to each other through a connecting pipe. Sprayers 9 are installed on both sides of the U-shaped plate 7, and the output end of the sprayer 9 is connected to the corresponding sprayer 8. The inside of the U-shaped plate 7 is provided with a telescopic mechanism 10. During the process of the cylinder 6 driving the U-shaped plate 7 to move downward, the telescopic mechanism 10 adaptively pushes each nozzle 8 to move in the horizontal direction according to the surface shape of the die 2 and the punch 4, so as to ensure that the distance between all nozzles 8 and the surface of the die 2 and the punch 4 remains consistent during the downward movement. Both sides of the U-shaped plate 7 are provided with swing mechanisms 11 to drive the nozzle 8 to swing back and forth during spraying to achieve full-area spray coverage of the cavity.

[0021] Overall working principle: After the die-casting machine completes one die-casting cycle, the moving platen 3 slides away from the fixed platen 1 along the die-casting machine's guide pillar, realizing the mold opening action. The concave mold 2 and the convex mold 4 separate, and then the formed aerospace part is removed. Then, the cylinder 6 at the top of the support 5 is activated. The output end of the cylinder 6 extends downward, driving the fixedly connected U-shaped plate 7 to move vertically downward and enter the cavity area between the concave mold 2 and the convex mold 4. During the downward movement of the U-shaped plate 7, its internal telescopic mechanism 10 works synchronously, adaptively adjusting the horizontal position of the nozzles 8 on both sides according to the surface shape of the concave mold 2 and the convex mold 4, ensuring that the distance between all nozzles 8 and the surfaces of the concave mold 2 and the convex mold 4 remains consistent throughout the entire downward movement. At the same time, the swing mechanism 11 on both sides of the U-shaped plate 7 is activated, driving the nozzles 8 to swing back and forth during the spraying process. Subsequently, the sprayers 9 on both sides of the U-shaped plate 7 begin to operate, pressurizing the mixture of cooling water and mold release agent and delivering it to each nozzle 8 through connecting pipes. The nozzles 8 atomize the mixture into fine droplets of 5-20μm, which are evenly sprayed onto the cavity surfaces of the concave mold 2 and the convex mold 4. Through the adaptive adjustment of the spacing of the telescopic mechanism 10 and the full-area coverage oscillation of the swing mechanism 11, the cavity surface is precisely cooled, the mold release agent is evenly coated, and residual impurities are cleaned, avoiding casting sticking and scratches, and ensuring the continuity of subsequent die casting and the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of aerospace components. After spraying is completed, the output end of the cylinder 6 retracts, driving the U-shaped plate 7 to reset, and the moving template 3 moves back to close with the fixed template 1, entering the next die casting cycle.

[0022] Example 2 The solution in Example 1 will be further described below with reference to its specific working method. In this embodiment, the telescopic mechanism 10 includes a mounting plate 1001, a guide rod 1002, a spring 1003, a guide block 1004, a guide groove 1005, and a crossbar 1006. The mounting plate 1001 is vertically slidably disposed inside the U-shaped plate 7. The guide rod 1002 is vertically fixed to the inner top of the U-shaped plate 7, and the guide rod 1002 is vertically slidably engaged with the mounting plate 1001. A spring 1003 is fixedly connected between the mounting plate 1001 and the inner top of the U-shaped plate 7, and the guide rod 1002 passes through the spring 1003. Guide blocks 1004, which are adapted to the surface shape of the die 2, are uniformly and vertically disposed along the length direction on the side of the mounting plate 1001 near the die 2. The mounting plate 1001 has guide grooves 1005 that are uniformly and vertically opened along the length direction on the side near the punch 4, which are adapted to the surface shape of the punch 4. The two sides of the U-shaped plate 7 are horizontally slidably provided with crossbars 1006 corresponding to the guide blocks 1004 and guide grooves 1005. The bottom end of the crossbar 1006 away from the mounting plate 1001 is fixed with a fixing block 1007. A spring 1008 is provided between the fixing block 1007 and the side of the U-shaped plate 7. The end of the crossbar 1006 away from the mounting plate 1001 is rotatably mounted with a first rotating rod 1009. The end of the first rotating rod 1009 is fixedly mounted with a strip plate 1010. The nozzle 8 is fixed to the bottom of the side of the strip plate 1010.

[0023] Local working principle: When the U-shaped plate 7 moves downward, the mounting plate 1001 protrudes from the bottom of the U-shaped plate 7 under the elastic force of the spring 1003. As the U-shaped plate 7 continues to move downward, the mounting plate 1001 will first contact the worktable of the die-casting machine. As the U-shaped plate 7 continues to move downward, the mounting plate 1001 will move inward towards the interior of the U-shaped plate 7. Under the initial elastic force of the spring 1008, the crossbars 1006 on both sides of the U-shaped plate 7 maintain a tendency to fit against the guide block 1004 or the guide groove 1005. Therefore, the crossbars 1006 on both sides of the U-shaped plate 7 maintain a tendency to fit against the guide block 1004 or the guide groove 1005. When the crossbar 1006 on one side of the groove 1005 passes through the guide groove 1005, it will enter the interior of the guide groove 1005 and slide against the surface of the guide groove 1005, thus guiding the crossbar 1006 horizontally and changing the position of the nozzle 8 to match the punch 4. Meanwhile, the crossbar 1006 on the other side of the U-shaped plate 7 will slide along the surface of the guide block 1004, also guiding the crossbar 1006 horizontally and changing the position of the nozzle 8 to match the die 2, ultimately achieving real-time consistency between the distance between all nozzles 8 and the surfaces of the die 2 and the punch 4.

[0024] In this embodiment, guide wheels 1011 are rotatably mounted on the end of the crossbar 1006 away from the nozzle 8. The surface of the guide wheels 1011 is coated with a wear-resistant coating, and the guide wheels 1011 roll and fit against the surface of the guide block 1004 and the inner wall of the guide groove 1005 respectively.

[0025] Local working principle: When the crossbar 1006 slides horizontally with the displacement of the mounting plate 1001, the guide wheel 1011 maintains a rolling contact with the surface of the guide block 1004 and the inner wall of the guide groove 1005. Compared with sliding friction, rolling friction can significantly reduce the friction between the guide wheel 1011 and the guide block 1004 and guide groove 1005, making the horizontal movement of the crossbar 1006 smoother and reducing the impact of mechanical jamming on the position adjustment accuracy of the nozzle 8. At the same time, the wear-resistant coating on the surface of the guide wheel 1011 can enhance its wear resistance, preventing the contact gap from increasing due to wear after long-term use, and ensuring the adjustment accuracy of the telescopic mechanism 10.

[0026] In this embodiment, the side of the U-shaped plate 7 is evenly provided with through grooves 1012 that are adapted to the crossbar 1006 along the length direction. The crossbar 1006 passes through the through groove 1012 and slides horizontally with the through groove 1012. The top of the mounting plate 1001 is evenly provided with sliding holes 1013 that are adapted to the guide rod 1002 along the length direction. The guide rod 1002 slides with the sliding holes 1013.

[0027] Local working principle: The size of the through groove 1012 is adapted to the crossbar 1006, ensuring that the crossbar 1006 can only move in the horizontal direction, avoiding vertical deviation, and ensuring the accuracy of the horizontal position adjustment of the nozzle 8. The sliding hole 1013 and the guide rod 1002 slide together. The guide rod 1002 guides the vertical movement of the mounting plate 1001, preventing the mounting plate 1001 from tilting or deviating during the downward movement of the U-shaped plate 7.

[0028] In this embodiment, the swing mechanism 11 includes a housing 1101, a second rotating rod 1102, a worm gear 1103, a strip groove 1106, and a pneumatic motor 1107. The housing 1101 is fixed to the side of the U-shaped plate 7 along its length. The second rotating rod 1102 is rotatably mounted at intervals along its length inside the housing 1101. The ends of the second rotating rod 1102 are all fixedly mounted with worm gears 1103. The outer side of the housing 1101 is evenly provided with openings 1104 that mate with the worm gears 1103. A lever 1105 is vertically fixed on each side. A strip groove 1106 is vertically opened on the strip plate 1010. The end of the lever 1105 away from the worm gear 1103 passes through the strip groove 1106 and slides with the strip groove 1106. A pneumatic motor 1107 is installed at the end of the housing 1101. The exhaust end of the pneumatic motor 1107 is connected to the air inlet end of the sprayer 9 through an air pipe. A worm 1108 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the pneumatic motor 1107, and the worm 1108 meshes with multiple sets of worm gears 1103 on the same side for transmission.

[0029] Local working principle: Simultaneously with the start of the sprayer 9, the pneumatic motor 1107 starts synchronously. The output shaft of the pneumatic motor 1107 drives the worm gear 1108 to rotate. The worm gear 1108 meshes with multiple sets of worm wheels 1103 on the same side, thereby driving the second rotating rod 1102 to rotate. A lever 1105 fixed to the outside of the worm wheel 1103 rotates synchronously with the worm wheel 1103. The end of the lever 1105 away from the worm wheel 1103 passes through the slot 1106 of the strip plate 1010 and slides in cooperation with the slot 1106. When the lever 1105 rotates, it generates periodic pushing and pulling forces on the strip plate 1010 through the slot 1106, causing the strip plate 1010 to oscillate back and forth around the first rotating rod 1009, thereby causing the nozzle 8 to oscillate back and forth synchronously, achieving full-area spray coverage of the cavity. Meanwhile, the exhaust end of the pneumatic motor 1107 delivers gas to the air inlet end of the sprayer 9 through an air pipe, providing air source power for the sprayer 9, realizing the linkage drive of the pneumatic motor 1107 and the sprayer 9 from the same air source, simplifying the equipment structure and improving energy utilization.

[0030] In this embodiment, the nozzles 8 on both sides of the U-shaped plate 7 are arranged symmetrically, and the spray nozzle of each nozzle 8 faces the cavity surface of the concave mold 2 and the convex mold 4. The atomized particle size of the nozzle 8 is in the range of 5-20μm.

[0031] Local working principle: The atomization particle size of nozzle 8 is controlled within the range of 5-20μm. Droplets of this particle size can ensure full contact with the surface of the mold cavity, achieve rapid cooling effect, and uniformly adhere to form a thin and dense release agent isolation film, avoiding waste of release agent, reducing liquid accumulation, and ensuring the surface quality of aerospace parts.

[0032] In this embodiment, the transition between the surface of the guide block 1004 and the interior of the guide groove 1005 is arc-shaped, and the surfaces of the guide block 1004 and the guide groove 1005 are provided with a wear-resistant and smooth coating.

[0033] Local working principle: The arc transition structure can avoid stress concentration when the guide block 1004, guide groove 1005 contact the surfaces of the die 2 and punch 4, thus preventing damage to the mold surface; the smooth coating can further reduce the contact friction, making the fitting movement of the mounting plate 1001 as it moves down with the U-shaped plate 7 smoother, and improving the adaptive response speed of the telescopic mechanism 10 to the shape of the mold surface.

[0034] In this embodiment, three sets of springs 1003 are provided, and the spacing between adjacent springs 1003 is the same. Springs 1003 are compression springs made of stainless steel.

[0035] Local working principle: The stainless steel compression spring has good elastic recovery performance and corrosion resistance. The three sets of evenly arranged springs 1003 can make the elastic force on the mounting plate 1001 more balanced, and prevent the mounting plate 1001 from tilting.

[0036] In this embodiment, the side of the worm gear 1103 away from the second rotating rod 1102 is in contact with the inner wall of the housing 1101. The diameter of the worm gear 1103 is larger than the diameter of the through-hole 1104. A sealing ring is provided on the side of the worm gear 1103 near the through-hole 1104.

[0037] Local working principle: This structural design can prevent droplets or impurities generated during the spraying process from entering the housing 1101 through the inlet 1104, avoid corrosion or jamming of transmission parts such as worm gear 1103 and worm 1108, and ensure the transmission accuracy and service life of the swing mechanism 11.

[0038] In this embodiment, the lever 1105 is cylindrical, and the width of the slot 1106 is the same as the diameter of the lever 1105.

[0039] Local working principle: Ensures that the lever 1105 slides within the strip groove 1106 without any gaps or wobbling. This precise fit allows the lever 1105 to transmit the driving force of the strip plate 1010 more accurately, avoiding deviations in the swing angle of the nozzle 8 due to gaps, ensuring uniform spray coverage, and ensuring that there are no blind spots in the spray cavity.

[0040] Example 3 The solutions in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 will be further described below with reference to their specific working methods. After the die-casting machine completes a single die-casting operation, the moving platen 3 slides along the die-casting machine's guide column and moves away from the fixed platen 1, separating the concave mold 2 and the convex mold 4 to open the mold and remove the aerospace component. Then, the cylinder 6, fixed on the top support 5 of the fixed platen 1, is activated. The output end of the cylinder 6 extends vertically downward, causing the U-shaped plate 7, which is fixed to it, to move down synchronously, gradually entering the area above the cavity between the concave mold 2 and the convex mold 4, preparing for subsequent spraying operations.

[0041] During the downward movement of the U-shaped plate 7, its internal telescopic mechanism 10 is activated simultaneously. Under the elastic force of three evenly arranged springs 1003, the mounting plate 1001 maintains a downward contact trend. The guide rod 1002 slides with the sliding hole 1013 on the top of the mounting plate 1001, providing precise vertical guidance for the mounting plate 1001 and preventing it from tilting or deviating. The guide block 1004 on the side of the mounting plate 1001 near the die 2 is adapted to the surface shape of the die 2, and the guide groove 1005 on the side near the punch 4 is adapted to the surface shape of the punch 4. As the U-shaped plate 7 continues to move downward, the guide block 1004 and the guide groove 1005 adapt to the changes in the mold surface shape, thereby pushing the guide wheel 1011 that rolls and contacts it. The wear-resistant coating on the surface of the guide wheel 1011 reduces friction loss, causing the crossbar 1006 to slide horizontally along the through groove 1012 on the side of the U-shaped plate 7. When the crossbar 1006 moves, it compresses or stretches the spring 1008 between the fixing block 1007 and the U-shaped plate 7. The elastic force of the spring 1008 provides a reset guarantee for the crossbar 1006. The crossbar 1006 drives the strip plate 1010 to move horizontally through the first rotating rod 1009, ultimately causing the nozzles 8 fixed on the strip plate 1010 to adjust their positions synchronously. This ensures that the distance between all nozzles 8 and the surfaces of the concave mold 2 and the convex mold 4 remains consistent throughout the entire downward movement, avoiding problems such as liquid accumulation or droplet dispersion.

[0042] Simultaneously, the swing mechanisms 11 on both sides of the U-shaped plate 7 are activated, and the pneumatic motor 1107 inside the housing 1101 is powered on. Its output shaft drives the worm gear 1108 to rotate. The worm gear 1108 meshes with multiple sets of worm wheels 1103 on the same side, driving the second rotating rod 1102 to rotate synchronously. The lever 1105, which is vertically fixed to the outside of the worm wheel 1103, rotates with the worm wheel 1103. The end of the lever 1105 away from the worm wheel 1103 passes through the strip groove 1106 on the strip plate 1010 and is precisely slidably engaged with the strip groove 1106. When the lever 1105 rotates, it generates a periodic pushing and pulling force on the strip plate 1010, causing the strip plate 1010 to swing back and forth around the first rotating rod 1009, thereby driving the nozzle 8 to swing back and forth synchronously, breaking through the limitation of fixed-angle spraying. Meanwhile, the exhaust end of the pneumatic motor 1107 delivers gas to the inlet end of the sprayer 9 through an air pipe, providing air power to the sprayer 9 and enabling linkage drive from the same air source, thus simplifying the equipment structure. In addition, the sealing ring on the side of the worm gear 1103 near the port 1104 prevents droplets or impurities from entering the housing 1101, ensuring the operating accuracy of the transmission parts.

[0043] The spray system is then activated. Sprayers 9, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the U-shaped plate 7, pressurize the mixture of cooling water and mold release agent, and deliver it to each nozzle 8 through connecting pipes. The nozzles 8 atomize the mixture into fine droplets of 5-20 μm, with the spray nozzles precisely aimed at the cavity surfaces of the concave mold 2 and the convex mold 4. Through the adaptive adjustment of the spacing of the telescopic mechanism 10 and the reciprocating oscillation of the swing mechanism 11, the droplets achieve full-area coverage of the cavity without dead angles, forming a thin and uniform mold release agent isolation film, achieving precise cooling of the cavity, and cleaning residual impurities. During this process, the arc-shaped transition structure and smooth surface coating of the guide block 1004 and guide groove 1005 reduce friction and stress concentration with the mold surface, further ensuring adjustment accuracy and mold lifespan.

[0044] After the spraying operation is completed, the output end of cylinder 6 retracts, causing the U-shaped plate 7 to move vertically upward and reset. Springs 1003 and 1008 in the telescopic mechanism 10 release their elastic force, causing components such as the mounting plate 1001 and crossbar 1006 to reset. The pneumatic motor 1107 stops working, and all parts of the swing mechanism 11 return to their initial state. Subsequently, the moving template 3 slides in the opposite direction along the die-casting machine's guide column, precisely closing with the fixed template 1. The mold then enters the next die-casting cycle, ensuring the dimensional accuracy, surface quality, and yield of the aerospace components throughout the entire process.

[0045] The above description is merely a further embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and concept of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision die casting mold for aerospace components, comprising a fixed template (1) fixed at the end of a die casting machine, a concave mold (2) mounted on the side of the fixed template (1), a movable template (3) slidably disposed on the gatepost of the die casting machine, and a punch (4) fixed on the movable template (3) and adapted to the concave mold (2). Its features are: A bracket (5) is fixedly installed on the top of the template (1), and a cylinder (6) is vertically installed on the top of the bracket (5). The cylinder (6) is located in the top area between the die (2) and the punch (4). The output end of the cylinder (6) extends vertically downward and is fixedly installed with a U-shaped plate (7). Sprayers (8) are evenly spaced on both sides of the U-shaped plate (7) along its length. Adjacent sprayers (8) on the same side of the U-shaped plate (7) are connected to each other through a connecting pipe. Sprayers (9) are installed on both sides of the U-shaped plate (7), and the output end of the sprayer (9) is connected to the corresponding sprayer (8). The inside of the slanted plate (7) is provided with a telescopic mechanism (10). During the process of the cylinder (6) driving the slanted plate (7) to move downward, the telescopic mechanism (10) adaptively pushes each nozzle (8) to move in the horizontal direction according to the surface shape of the die (2) and the punch (4) to ensure that the distance between all nozzles (8) and the surface of the die (2) and the punch (4) remains consistent during the downward movement. Both sides of the U-shaped plate (7) are provided with swing mechanisms (11) to drive the nozzle (8) to swing back and forth during spraying to achieve full-area spray coverage of the cavity.

2. The high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (10) includes a mounting plate (1001), a guide rod (1002), a spring (1003), a guide block (1004), a guide groove (1005), and a crossbar (1006). The mounting plate (1001) is vertically slidably disposed inside the U-shaped plate (7). The guide rod (1002) is vertically fixed to the inner top of the U-shaped plate (7), and the guide rod (1002) is vertically slidably engaged with the mounting plate (1001). A spring (1003) is fixedly connected between the mounting plate (1001) and the inner top of the U-shaped plate (7), and the guide rod (1002) passes through the spring (1003). The mounting plate (1001) is provided with guide blocks (1004) that are uniformly vertically arranged along the length direction on the side near the die (2) and are adapted to the surface shape of the die (2). (1001) A guide groove (1005) is uniformly and vertically opened along the length direction on the side near the punch (4), which is adapted to the shape of the punch (4). A horizontal bar (1006) is slidably installed on both sides of the U-shaped plate (7) at the guide block (1004) and the guide groove (1005). A fixing block (1007) is fixed at the bottom of the horizontal bar (1006) away from the mounting plate (1001). A spring (1008) is provided between the fixing block (1007) and the side of the U-shaped plate (7). A first rotating rod (1009) is rotatably installed at the end of the horizontal bar (1006) away from the mounting plate (1001). A strip plate (1010) is fixedly installed at the end of the first rotating rod (1009). The nozzle (8) is fixed at the bottom of the side of the strip plate (1010).

3. A high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crossbar (1006) is rotatably mounted with a guide wheel (1011) at the end away from the nozzle (8). The surface of the guide wheel (1011) is coated with a wear-resistant coating, and the guide wheel (1011) rolls and fits against the surface of the guide block (1004) and the inner wall of the guide groove (1005).

4. A high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side of the U-shaped plate (7) is evenly provided with through grooves (1012) that are adapted to the crossbar (1006) along the length direction. The crossbar (1006) passes through the through groove (1012) and slides horizontally with the through groove (1012). The top of the mounting plate (1001) is evenly provided with sliding holes (1013) that are adapted to the guide rod (1002) along the length direction. The guide rod (1002) slides with the sliding hole (1013).

5. A high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing mechanism (11) includes a housing (1101), a second rotating rod (1102), a worm gear (1103), a strip groove (1106), and a pneumatic motor (1107). The housing (1101) is fixed to the side of the U-shaped plate (7) along the length direction. The second rotating rod (1102) is rotatably mounted at intervals along the length direction inside the housing (1101). The ends of the second rotating rod (1102) are all fixedly mounted with worm gears (1103). The outer side of the housing (1101) is evenly provided with openings (1104) that cooperate with the worm gears (1103). The outer side of the worm gears (1103) is... Each is vertically fixed with a lever (1105), and a strip groove (1106) is vertically opened on the strip plate (1010). The end of the lever (1105) away from the worm gear (1103) passes through the strip groove (1106) and slides with the strip groove (1106). A pneumatic motor (1107) is installed at the end of the housing (1101). The exhaust end of the pneumatic motor (1107) is connected to the air inlet end of the sprayer (9) through an air pipe. A worm (1108) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the pneumatic motor (1107), and the worm (1108) meshes with multiple sets of worm gears (1103) on the same side for transmission.

6. A high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzles (8) on both sides of the U-shaped plate (7) are arranged symmetrically, and the spray nozzle of each nozzle (8) faces the cavity surface of the concave mold (2) and the convex mold (4). The atomized particle size of the nozzle (8) is 5-20μm.

7. A high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transition between the surface of the guide block (1004) and the interior of the guide groove (1005) is arc-shaped, and the surfaces of the guide block (1004) and the guide groove (1005) are provided with a wear-resistant and smooth coating.

8. A high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are three sets of spring 1 (1003), and the spacing between adjacent spring 1 (1003) is the same. Spring 1 (1003) is a compression spring made of stainless steel.

9. A high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side of the worm gear (1103) away from the second rotating rod (1102) is in contact with the inner wall of the housing (1101). The diameter of the worm gear (1103) is larger than the diameter of the through-hole (1104). A sealing ring is provided on the side of the worm gear (1103) near the through-hole (1104).

10. A high-precision die-casting mold for aerospace components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lever (1105) is cylindrical in shape, and the width of the groove (1106) is the same as the diameter of the lever (1105).

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