Multifunctional modular automobile instrument assembly and manufacturing process

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional modular automobile instrument assembly and a manufacturing process thereof. Comprising a basic framework layer which is made of topological optimized integrated die-casting aluminum alloy, is integrated with an electromagnetic shielding structure and is provided with a standardized interface; the pluggable function module comprises an intelligent display interaction module, a multi-source data acquisition and analysis module, a green energy-saving power management module, an intelligent driving auxiliary display module, an emergency guarantee module and the like, and can be flexibly selected and matched according to vehicle models; a flexible OLED transparent display screen is adopted, and the flexible OLED transparent display screen is connected and fixed in a sealed mode. The problems that a traditional instrument is solidified in function, poor in adaptability, high in upgrading and maintaining cost and the like are solved, configurable instrument functions, efficient production and convenient maintenance are achieved, and the flexibility, the intelligent level and the environment-friendly performance of products are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automotive lighting technology, specifically, it relates to a multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly and its manufacturing process. Background Technology

[0002] As the automotive industry rapidly transforms towards intelligence, connectivity, and electrification, the functional requirements and adaptability demands of automotive instrument panels, as the core carrier of human-machine interaction, are constantly increasing. Traditional automotive instrument panels mostly adopt an integrated structural design, with each functional component fixed in place, resulting in poor adaptability. Different powertrain types (gasoline vehicles, electric vehicles, and hybrid vehicles) and different configuration levels of vehicles have significantly different requirements for instrument panel functions. Traditional integrated instrument panels need to be developed and designed separately for different vehicle models, leading to long R&D cycles, high mold investment costs, and difficulty in achieving universal compatibility across multiple models. In addition, the functions of traditional instrument panels are fixed at the factory, making it difficult to expand or update functions based on user needs or technological upgrades later, resulting in a short product life cycle and inability to adapt to the rapid iteration of automotive intelligent technologies. Furthermore, if any functional component in the integrated structure fails, the entire instrument panel assembly must be replaced, which not only increases the user's maintenance costs but also leads to resource waste.

[0003] In addition, traditional instrument manufacturing processes often involve splicing multiple parts and manual assembly, resulting in low production precision and efficiency. Furthermore, some processes (such as chromium passivation and solvent-based painting) pose environmental pollution problems, which do not meet the development needs of green manufacturing in the modern automotive industry.

[0004] Therefore, developing a multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly that is highly adaptable, flexibly expandable, easy to maintain, and manufactured using green and efficient processes has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in the current automotive electronics field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly and manufacturing process. By modularly combining and expanding the functions of the instrument, the manufacturing precision and efficiency are improved, the research and development and use costs are reduced, and the defects of poor adaptability, fixed functions, inconvenient maintenance and backward manufacturing process of the prior art automotive instruments are avoided.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses a multifunctional modular automotive instrument cluster, comprising: The basic skeleton layer, as the core of the entire instrument assembly, adopts an integrated high-strength lightweight metal structure. Its surface is pre-set with standardized mechanical connection interfaces and electrical communication interfaces, and its interior integrates an electromagnetic shielding structure. At least one pluggable functional module is detachably and fixedly connected to the basic skeleton layer through a standardized mechanical connection interface and an electrical communication interface. Each module independently implements one or more specific vehicle functions. The interactive panel layer covers the outside of all pluggable functional modules. It is fixedly connected to the basic skeleton layer through sealed connectors and establishes a signal connection with the functional module layer to realize the visualization of vehicle information and human-machine interaction. The basic skeleton layer, pluggable functional modules, and interactive panel layer adopt a modular and separate design. The size and interface specifications of each module are standardized, and they can be flexibly combined and selected according to different power types and configuration levels.

[0007] Preferably, the basic skeleton layer is an integrated die-cast aluminum alloy skeleton with topology optimization design, specifically using 6061-T6 grade aluminum alloy. Topology optimization removes redundant material while ensuring the strength of key components, achieving lightweighting. It integrates a metal mesh electromagnetic shielding structure internally, effectively isolating electromagnetic interference within the vehicle. The skeleton surface undergoes chromium-free anodizing treatment to form a dense, wear-resistant, and corrosion-resistant protective film, meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0008] Preferably, the pluggable functional module includes, but is not limited to, a combination of at least two of the following modules: Intelligent Display and Interaction Module: This module integrates a flexible OLED display as the core of the display, as well as a multimodal interaction unit that integrates a voice recognition chip, gesture recognition sensor, and touch sensing unit. Voice recognition supports multiple wake-up words for various scenarios, with an accuracy rate of no less than 98%. Gesture recognition features preset commands such as waving to switch interfaces and clenching a fist to pause, facilitating blind operation while driving. This module allows users to deeply customize the instrument display layout, theme, and data priority through the vehicle's infotainment system.

[0009] Multi-source data acquisition and analysis module: This module integrates automotive-grade high-precision sensor arrays (such as sensors for vehicle speed, engine speed, tire pressure, coolant temperature, battery voltage / temperature / health status SOC / SOH, etc.) and a processing unit with built-in AI data analysis algorithms. This module not only collects and displays data in real time, but also uses algorithms to intelligently analyze vehicle status, predict trends, and provide fault warnings (such as engine misfire warnings and battery performance degradation alerts). Simultaneously, it supports remote transmission of vehicle data to a cloud platform via integrated 5G or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) modules, enabling remote diagnostics, OTA upgrade push notifications, and maintenance reminder services.

[0010] The green energy-saving power management module features an adaptive power regulation circuit with a wide voltage input range, automatically matching 12V or 24V vehicle power systems with a conversion efficiency of over 95%, and includes overvoltage, overcurrent, and short-circuit protection. It innovatively integrates a solar auxiliary power supply unit, a flexible solar panel integrated with the instrument panel housing. This unit converts solar energy from inside the vehicle (especially under the windshield) into electrical energy, providing auxiliary power to the instrument panel in standby or low-power states, thus reducing overall vehicle energy consumption.

[0011] Intelligent Driving Assistance Display Module: Designed specifically for Level 2 and above intelligent driving vehicles, this module can receive and process data from ADAS systems such as onboard cameras and radar in real time. It clearly displays lane lines, distance to the vehicle ahead, pedestrian recognition, and other information on the instrument panel. It also innovatively supports AR augmented reality technology, merging and overlaying virtual information such as collision warnings and navigation turn arrows with the real road image, enhancing driving intuitiveness and safety.

[0012] Emergency Support Module: To enhance driving safety redundancy, this module integrates a backup power unit (such as a high-energy-density lithium battery) and an automatic alarm communication unit. When the vehicle's main power supply fails, the backup power automatically switches, providing emergency power for at least 30 minutes to core display functions (such as vehicle speed and malfunction indicators). When vehicle sensors detect a serious collision or malfunction, the alarm unit can automatically send alarm information containing the vehicle's precise location and a brief description of the malfunction to pre-set emergency contacts or rescue platforms via the vehicle network or an independent communication module (such as eSIM).

[0013] Preferably, the interaction panel layer is a flexible OLED transparent display screen covering all pluggable functional modules, featuring high resolution (e.g., 2560×1440) and high refresh rate (e.g., 120Hz) to ensure clear and smooth display content. A tempered glass cover plate with a Mohs hardness ≥7 is bonded to the display surface, providing excellent scratch resistance. The edges of this panel layer are reliably sealed to the base frame layer using waterproof sealant, and the entire panel has a wide operating temperature range of -40℃ to 85℃, meeting the requirements of extreme in-vehicle environments.

[0014] Furthermore, the present invention provides a process method for manufacturing the above-mentioned multifunctional modular automotive instrument assembly, comprising the following steps: S1: The basic skeleton layer is manufactured using an integrated high-pressure die-casting process.

[0015] This step specifically includes: S11: Material pretreatment. Select 6061-T6 aluminum alloy ingots, heat them to 700℃-750℃ in a melting furnace to completely melt them, add refining agent to the molten aluminum liquid and stir to fully remove gas and impurities, and then let it stand and keep warm to make the composition uniform.

[0016] S12: Mold Preparation. 3D printing technology is used for rapid prototyping of the die-casting mold. The mold cavity is precisely pre-set with standardized mechanical interfaces (clamp seats, threaded holes), electrical interface channels, and metal mesh shielding structures. The mold is preheated to 150℃-200℃ before die casting.

[0017] S13: Die casting. The pretreated aluminum alloy melt is transferred to a high-pressure die casting machine. Under high pressure of 120MPa-150MPa and rapid injection of 5m / s-8m / s, it is injected into the preheated mold cavity. After holding the pressure for 5-8 seconds, the mold is immediately cooled rapidly using a circulating water cooling system to solidify the casting.

[0018] S14: Post-processing. After removing the casting, deburring and flash removal are performed, followed by sandblasting to obtain a uniform surface texture. Finally, an environmentally friendly chromium-free anodizing process is used to treat the skeleton, forming an oxide film with excellent protective properties and a certain thickness.

[0019] S2: Pre-assembled pluggable functional modules.

[0020] This step specifically includes: S21: Component Inspection. Conduct full inspection of purchased core components such as chips, sensors, displays, and PCBs to ensure that their dimensions meet the drawing tolerances and that their initial electrical performance passes the test.

[0021] S22: Independent Module Assembly. Five independent dedicated pre-assembly stations are set up in the cleanroom, each corresponding to one of the five functional modules. High-precision automated robots are used for key processes such as precision sensor welding, chip SMT mounting, and screen bonding, with assembly accuracy controlled within ±0.01mm.

[0022] S23: Module Testing. After each functional module is assembled, it is immediately subjected to independent functional tests (such as display module lighting and color testing, sensor module data acquisition accuracy testing) and initial reliability checks on a dedicated test bench to ensure that only qualified products flow into the final assembly line.

[0023] S3: Final assembly and integration.

[0024] This step specifically includes: S31: Skeleton Positioning. On the final assembly line, the basic skeleton layer produced in step S1 is firmly fixed by a high-precision positioning fixture, establishing a unified assembly benchmark.

[0025] S32: Module Assembly. Based on the vehicle configuration list of the current batch production order, the automated control system schedules the robotic arm to pick up the corresponding, tested functional modules from the material warehouse and quickly and accurately assemble them into the corresponding installation positions on the basic frame layer using standardized snap-fit ​​and auxiliary thread fastening methods.

[0026] S33: Wire Harness Interlocking. Using visually guided automated wire harness interlocking equipment, the wire harness connectors of each functional module are precisely interlocked and locked with the pre-set electrical communication interfaces on the basic skeleton layer to ensure reliable electrical connections and smooth signal transmission.

[0027] S4: Interactive panel layer bonding and sealing.

[0028] This step specifically includes: S41: Surface Cleaning. Using plasma cleaning equipment, the back bonding area of ​​the flexible OLED panel and the corresponding mounting frame area on the basic skeleton layer are cleaned to thoroughly remove organic contaminants and micro-dust, significantly improving bonding adhesion.

[0029] S42: Vacuum Bonding. First, optical-grade OCA adhesive is applied to the back of the cleaned flexible OLED panel. Then, the panel and frame are placed together into the vacuum bonding equipment chamber. A vacuum level of no less than -0.095 MPa is evacuated, and a binocular vision recognition system identifies preset positioning marks to achieve sub-pixel alignment of the panel and frame (positioning accuracy no less than ±0.02 mm). Bonding is then completed under a uniform pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa, effectively preventing air bubble formation.

[0030] S43: Edge Sealing and Curing. After bonding, an automated dispensing robot evenly applies a ring of waterproof sealant along the gap between the interactive panel layer and the frame. The entire instrument assembly is then transferred to a constant temperature oven and cured at 80°C for 30 minutes to fully cure the sealant, achieving IP54 or higher dust and water resistance requirements.

[0031] S44: Finished Product Inspection. A comprehensive end-product testing process is conducted, including verification of all display functions, interactive functions, data acquisition and communication functions, as well as reliability tests such as electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), high and low temperature cycling, and vibration. After all tests pass, the product is packaged using anti-static methods and prepared for shipment.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following technical effects: ① Adopting a modular and separate design, the dimensions and interfaces of the basic skeleton layer, pluggable functional modules and interactive panel layer are standardized. They can be flexibly combined and selected according to the needs of different power types and configuration levels of vehicles, realizing multi-vehicle sharing and common use, greatly shortening the R&D cycle and reducing mold investment and R&D costs.

[0033] ② The design of pluggable functional modules enables the instrument to have functional expansion capabilities. In the future, functional modules can be replaced or added individually according to user needs or technology upgrades, without the need to replace the entire instrument, thus extending the product life cycle and adapting to the rapid iteration of automotive intelligent technology.

[0034] ③ When any functional module fails, only the faulty module needs to be disassembled and replaced, without having to replace the entire instrument assembly, thus reducing user maintenance costs and minimizing resource waste.

[0035] ④ The basic skeleton layer adopts a topology-optimized one-piece die-cast aluminum alloy structure, which combines high strength and lightweight characteristics. The internal electromagnetic shielding structure ensures stable operation. Each functional module integrates high-precision components and advanced algorithms to improve the display effect, data acquisition accuracy and interactive response speed of the instrument. The interactive panel layer has good scratch resistance, high and low temperature adaptability and waterproof and dustproof performance, which is suitable for the complex environment inside the vehicle.

[0036] ⑤ Advanced processes such as integrated high-pressure die casting, automated modular assembly, and vacuum bonding are adopted to improve production precision and efficiency.

[0037] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the technical effects described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of a multi-functional modular automotive instrument cluster according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of the pluggable functional module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing process of a multifunctional modular automotive instrument cluster according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following will describe in detail the implementation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that the process of how the present invention uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly.

[0040] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides Embodiment 1: The multi-functional modular automotive instrument cluster of this embodiment includes a basic skeleton layer, an intelligent display and interaction module, a multi-source data acquisition and analysis module, a green energy-saving power management module, and an interaction panel layer, with the following specific configuration: Basic skeleton layer: Constructed from 6061-T6 aluminum alloy through integral die casting, and with topology optimization design, its weight is reduced by 35% compared to traditional steel skeletons. It integrates a metal mesh electromagnetic shielding structure with a shielding effectiveness of ≥40dB. The surface undergoes chromium-free anodizing treatment to form a 10μm thick protective oxide film, with salt spray corrosion resistance ≥500 hours. The skeleton surface has two sets of standardized mechanical connection clips and two sets of electrical communication interfaces (using Type-C interfaces) pre-set to adapt to the installation of different functional modules.

[0041] Intelligent display and interaction module: integrates a 6.8-inch flexible OLED display with a resolution of 2560×1440 and a refresh rate of 120Hz; the multimodal interaction unit uses an STM32H743 chip as the main controller, and integrates an iFlytek voice recognition chip (recognition accuracy of 98.5%) and a TOF gesture recognition sensor (supporting three blind operations: wave to switch, fist to pause, and slide to adjust brightness); it supports users to customize three display layouts, five theme colors, and data priority sorting through the vehicle system.

[0042] Multi-source data acquisition and analysis module: integrates vehicle speed sensor (accuracy ±0.1km / h), speed sensor (accuracy ±10rpm), tire pressure sensor (accuracy ±0.01MPa), water temperature sensor (accuracy ±0.5℃), and battery status sensor (accuracy ±0.01V); the AI ​​data analysis and processing unit adopts NVIDIA Jetson Nano chip and presets 5 popular algorithm models such as engine fault warning and battery degradation warning; integrates 5G module (supports SA / NSA dual mode), which can transmit vehicle operation data to the cloud platform in real time to realize remote diagnosis.

[0043] Green energy-saving power management module: It adopts TI's TPS65987D power management chip, supports 12V / 24V adaptive input, and has a power conversion efficiency of 96%; The solar auxiliary power supply unit adopts a flexible monocrystalline silicon solar panel (conversion efficiency ≥22%), which is integrated into the upper surface of the instrument and integrated with the instrument shell. When the light intensity inside the vehicle is ≥200 lux, it can output 5V / 0.5A of power to power the instrument in standby mode.

[0044] Interactive panel layer: adopts a 6.8-inch flexible OLED transparent display screen, with a tempered glass cover plate with a Mohs hardness of 7.5 on the surface; the edges are sealed with polyurethane waterproof sealant to the basic frame layer, and the waterproof and dustproof rating reaches IP65; the working temperature range is -40℃~85℃, and it can start normally in a low temperature environment of -40℃ and work continuously for 24 hours in a high temperature environment of 85℃ without any abnormalities.

[0045] Each functional module is fixed to the basic frame layer through standardized snap-fit ​​and threaded connection. Signal communication with the basic frame layer and the interactive panel layer is realized through the Type-C interface. The total weight of the instrument after assembly is 0.8kg, which is 28% lighter than traditional instruments.

[0046] refer to Figure 3 The present invention provides embodiment 2: The manufacturing process of this embodiment is used to manufacture the instrument assembly described in Embodiment 1. The specific steps are as follows: S1: The basic skeleton layer is manufactured using an integrated high-pressure die-casting process; S11: Material pretreatment: Select 6061-T6 aluminum alloy ingots, put them into a melting furnace and heat them to 720℃ to melt them. Add hexachloroethane refining agent at a rate of 0.3% of the weight of the aluminum alloy. Let it stand for 12 minutes to remove impurities and gases from the melt.

[0047] S12: Mold preparation: Use H13 hot work die steel mold, with 4 sets of mechanical snap-fit ​​forming cavities and 8 sets of Type-C interface forming cavities pre-set inside the mold; preheat the mold to 180℃ and keep it at that temperature for 30 minutes.

[0048] S13: Die casting: A high-pressure die casting machine is used, with the die casting pressure set to 135MPa and the injection speed to 6.5m / s. The molten aluminum alloy is injected into the mold cavity, and the mold is opened after holding the pressure for 6 seconds. The skeleton is cooled to room temperature by water cooling for 2 minutes.

[0049] S14: Post-treatment: Mechanical grinding to remove burrs from the skeleton, sandblasting to a surface roughness of Ra2.4; chromium-free anodizing process is adopted in an electrolyte with a sulfuric acid concentration of 15% at 20℃, at 1.5A / dm³. 2 The current density was oxidized for 15 minutes to form an oxide protective film with a thickness of 10μm, thus completing the fabrication of the basic skeleton layer.

[0050] S2: Pre-assemble each of the pluggable functional modules at an independent workstation; S21: Component Inspection: Automated image measuring instruments are used to inspect the dimensions of components in each module, with tolerances controlled within ±0.01mm; multimeters are used to test the electrical parameters of chips and sensors to ensure they meet design requirements.

[0051] S22: Independent Module Assembly: At a dedicated pre-assembly station, an automated robot mounts the voice recognition chip and gesture recognition sensor onto the PCB board of the intelligent display and interaction module. The soldering temperature is controlled at 260℃ and the soldering time is 3 seconds. The sensor group and AI chip are assembled into the multi-source data acquisition and analysis module, the wiring harness is connected and the shell is fixed. After each module is assembled, a sealing test is performed (0.2MPa air pressure, pressure held for 30 seconds without leakage).

[0052] S23: Module Testing: The intelligent display and interaction module undergoes display effect testing (no dead pixels, uniform color) and interaction response testing (voice response time ≤ 0.5 seconds, gesture response time ≤ 0.3 seconds); the multi-source data acquisition and analysis module undergoes data acquisition accuracy testing; the green energy-saving power management module undergoes power conversion efficiency testing; all modules pass high and low temperature cycle testing (-40℃~85℃, 5 cycles) to ensure qualification.

[0053] S3: On the final assembly line, pre-assembled functional modules are assembled onto standardized interfaces of the basic skeleton layer using automated equipment and connected with wiring harnesses; S31: Skeleton positioning: The basic skeleton layer is fixed on the assembly line using a high-precision positioning fixture with a positioning accuracy of ±0.01mm.

[0054] S32: Module assembly: The intelligent display and interaction module, multi-source data acquisition and analysis module, and green energy-saving power management module are installed sequentially to the corresponding positions of the basic skeleton layer by an automated robotic arm. After being positioned by snap-fit, they are fastened with M2 screws with a tightening torque of 0.8 N·m.

[0055] S33: Wire Harness Connection: Automated wire harness connection equipment is used to connect the wire harnesses of each module to the Type-C interface of the basic skeleton layer. After the connection is completed, a signal continuity test is performed to ensure that the signal transmission of each module is normal.

[0056] S4: The interactive panel layer is bonded to the assembled frame using a vacuum bonding process, and the edges are sealed. S41: Surface Cleaning: Using plasma cleaning equipment with argon as the cleaning gas and a power of 500W, the bonding surface of the flexible OLED panel and the bonding area of ​​the basic skeleton layer are cleaned for 45 seconds to remove surface oil and impurities.

[0057] S42: Vacuum bonding: Apply optical-grade OCA adhesive (0.15mm thick) to the back of the interactive panel layer, place it in a vacuum bonding machine, set the vacuum level to -0.098MPa, align it using a binocular vision positioning system (positioning accuracy ±0.01mm), apply a bonding pressure of 0.4MPa, and hold for 30 seconds to complete the bonding.

[0058] S43: Edge sealing and curing: Using automated dispensing equipment, apply a 2.5mm wide layer of polyurethane sealant to the edge of the interactive panel layer, and place it in an 80℃ constant temperature oven for 30 minutes to complete the sealant curing.

[0059] S44: Finished Product Inspection: Perform overall functional testing on the instrument assembly, including display effect, voice / gesture interaction, data acquisition and remote transmission functions; conduct electromagnetic compatibility testing (compliant with GB / T 21437-2008 standard), high and low temperature environment adaptability testing (-40℃~85℃, 10 cycles), and IP65 waterproof and dustproof testing; after passing the tests, package and ship the product.

[0060] The multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly manufactured in this embodiment has been tested and all performance indicators meet the design requirements. The production efficiency is 45% higher than that of traditional processes, and the scrap rate is controlled below 2%.

[0061] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-functional modular automotive instrument cluster, characterized in that, include: The basic skeleton layer has standardized mechanical connection interfaces and electrical communication interfaces pre-set on its surface, and integrates an electromagnetic shielding structure inside. At least one pluggable functional module is detachably and fixedly connected to the basic skeleton layer through the standardized mechanical connection interface and electrical communication interface, and a single module independently implements one or more specific vehicle functions; The interactive panel layer covers the outside of all pluggable functional modules, is fixedly connected to the basic skeleton layer through a sealed connector, and establishes a signal connection with the functional module layer to realize the visualization display of vehicle information and human-machine interaction operation. The basic skeleton layer, pluggable functional modules, and interactive panel layer adopt a modular and separate design. The size and interface specifications of each module are standardized, and they can be flexibly combined and selected according to different power types and configuration levels.

2. The multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic skeleton layer is made of an integral die-cast aluminum alloy skeleton, which integrates a metal mesh electromagnetic shielding structure inside, and the surface is treated with chromium-free anodizing to form a corrosion-resistant protective film.

3. The multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pluggable functional module includes at least two of the following modules: The intelligent display and interaction module integrates a flexible OLED display and a multimodal interaction unit; The multi-source data acquisition and analysis module integrates automotive-grade high-precision sensor groups and AI data analysis and processing units to realize the acquisition of core vehicle operating parameters, status monitoring and fault early warning; The green and energy-saving power management module has adaptive power input adjustment function and solar auxiliary power supply unit, which can match different 12V / 24V vehicle power systems; The intelligent driving assistance display module is used to receive and display road condition information collected by the ADAS system, and supports AR augmented reality fusion display of warning information and real-view navigation screen; The emergency backup module integrates a backup power supply unit and an automatic alarm communication unit, which are used for emergency power supply in case of main power failure and automatic alarm in case of sudden failure / collision.

4. The multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the intelligent display and interaction module, the multimodal interaction unit integrates a voice recognition chip, a gesture recognition sensor, and a touch sensing unit. The voice recognition supports multi-scene wake-up with an accuracy rate of no less than 98%. The gesture recognition supports preset hand gesture switching and fist clenching pause operation commands. At the same time, it allows users to customize the instrument display layout, theme color, and data priority through the vehicle system.

5. The multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multi-source data acquisition and analysis module integrates core parameter sensors for vehicle speed, engine speed, tire pressure, water temperature, and battery status. It also supports remote transmission of the collected vehicle operation data to the cloud platform via 5G or vehicle networking modules, enabling remote vehicle status diagnosis and maintenance reminders.

6. The multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the green energy-saving power management module, the solar auxiliary power supply unit is a flexible solar panel integrated on the upper surface of the instrument assembly. The flexible solar panel is integrated with the instrument shell and can convert the solar energy inside the vehicle into electrical energy to provide auxiliary power supply for the instrument in standby mode.

7. The multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interactive panel layer is a flexible OLED transparent display screen covering all pluggable functional modules. The surface of the display screen is bonded with a tempered glass cover plate with a Mohs hardness of ≥7. Its edges are sealed to the basic frame layer with waterproof sealant, and it has high and low temperature environmental adaptability from -40℃ to 85℃.

8. A manufacturing process for a multi-functional modular automotive instrument cluster, used to manufacture the multi-functional modular automotive instrument cluster as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The basic skeleton layer is manufactured using an integrated high-pressure die-casting process; S2: Pre-assemble each of the pluggable functional modules at an independent workstation; S3: On the final assembly line, pre-assembled functional modules are assembled onto standardized interfaces of the basic skeleton layer using automated equipment and connected with wiring harnesses; S4: The interactive panel layer is bonded to the assembled frame using a vacuum bonding process, and the edges are sealed.

9. The manufacturing process of the multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: S11: Material pretreatment, select 6061-T6 aluminum alloy ingot, heat to 700℃-750℃ to melt it, add refining agent to the molten aluminum liquid to remove impurities, and keep it at a constant temperature to achieve composition homogenization; S12: Mold preparation. 3D printing rapid prototyping mold is used. The mold has a pre-set molding cavity with standardized mechanical interfaces, electrical interfaces and electromagnetic shielding structure. The mold is preheated in advance. S13: Die casting is performed using high-pressure die casting equipment. The pre-treated aluminum alloy melt is injected into the mold cavity at a die casting pressure of 120MPa-150MPa and an injection speed of 5m / s-8m / s. After pressure holding and molding, it is rapidly cooled to room temperature by water cooling. S14: Post-processing, deburring and surface sandblasting are performed on the formed skeleton, and then a chromium-free anodizing process is used to form an oxide protective film on its surface to complete the manufacturing of the basic skeleton layer. Step S2 includes: S21: Component inspection, standardized dimensional inspection and preliminary performance testing of components for each functional module to ensure that the components are qualified. The components include chips, sensors and displays. S22: Modules are assembled independently. The components of the corresponding functional modules are assembled in 5 independent and dedicated pre-assembly stations. Automated robots are used for sensor welding and chip mounting. The assembly accuracy is controlled within ±0.01mm. S23: Module testing, conduct individual functional tests and preliminary reliability checks on each pre-assembled functional module, and eliminate unqualified modules; Step S3 includes: S31: Skeleton positioning. On the final assembly line, the basic skeleton layer made by S1 is fixed by positioning fixtures to ensure accurate assembly reference. S32: Module assembly. According to the vehicle configuration requirements, the pluggable functional modules that have passed the S2 test are assembled to the corresponding installation positions of the basic skeleton layer by an automated robotic arm through standardized buckle and thread connection. S33: Wire harness docking. Automated wire harness docking equipment is used to accurately dock the electrical interfaces of each functional module with the basic skeleton layer to ensure smooth signal communication. Step S4 includes: S41: Surface cleaning, using plasma cleaning technology to clean the bonding surface of the flexible OLED panel and the corresponding bonding area of ​​the basic skeleton layer to remove oil and impurities; S42: Vacuum bonding, optical grade OCA adhesive is applied to the back of the interactive panel layer, and then it is placed in a vacuum bonding equipment. In an environment with a vacuum degree of not less than -0.095MPa, the interactive panel layer and the basic skeleton layer are precisely bonded by a visual positioning system to avoid the formation of air bubbles. S43: Edge sealing and curing. Waterproof sealant is applied to the edges of the interactive panel layer using an automated dispensing device. The entire panel is then placed in a constant temperature oven and kept at 80°C for 30 minutes to complete the sealant curing. S44: Finished product inspection. Perform overall functional and reliability testing on the assembled instrument assembly. After passing the test, package and ship the product.

10. The manufacturing process of the multi-functional modular automotive instrument assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S1, the mold preheating temperature of the integrated high-pressure die-casting process is controlled at 150℃-200℃, and the holding time is 5-8 seconds. In step S42, the visual positioning system adopts binocular visual recognition technology, and achieves precise alignment between the interactive panel layer and the basic skeleton layer through preset positioning marks, with the bonding pressure controlled at 0.3-0.5MPa.

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