Two-wheeled vehicle driving control device and control method based on hydrogen fuel cell and two-wheeled vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-wheeled vehicle driving control device based on a hydrogen fuel cell, which is characterized in that the hydrogen fuel cell and an auxiliary cell are connected in parallel to form a hybrid power supply, and the current output end of the hybrid power supply is connected with a motor driving circuit; the first current detection circuit is connected to a current output end of the hydrogen fuel cell and is used for acquiring an output current signal of the hydrogen fuel cell; the second current detection circuit is connected to a hybrid power supply ground wire end and is used for acquiring a motor driving total current signal; the input end of the switching circuit is connected in series with the current output end of the hydrogen fuel cell; and the main control chip is used for controlling the motor driving circuit to drive the motor to operate, receiving an output current signal of the hydrogen fuel cell and a motor driving total current signal, and adjusting the output of the hybrid power supply according to a preset control logic. The problem that when the two-wheeled vehicle with the hydrogen fuel cell is under the high-load working condition, the fuel cell enters the high-current-density working condition, and consequently working is abnormal is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates, in particular, to a drive control device, control method, and two-wheeled vehicle based on a hydrogen fuel cell. Background Technology

[0002] Significant progress has been made in hydrogen fuel cell technology. The corrosion resistance, conductivity, and durability of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) have been continuously optimized. The amount of platinum-based catalysts used has been reduced, and breakthroughs have been achieved in non-platinum catalyst research. Improved stack structure design and integration have further enhanced power density and efficiency. Intelligent control technology has enabled real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment of operating status. Currently, hybrid two-wheeled electric vehicles based on hydrogen fuel cells are gradually emerging. Their discharge characteristics can be intuitively represented by the voltage-current density curve (VI curve) and the power-current density curve (PI curve). Existing technologies mostly employ a combined power supply method using hydrogen fuel cells and lead-acid or lithium-ion batteries.

[0003] When a hydrogen fuel cell is operating at high current density, the voltage drops sharply or even approaches zero. The core reason is that the diffusion rate of the reactant gas (hydrogen / oxygen) cannot match the current demand, resulting in a "gas shortage" on the electrode surface and a sharp increase in concentration loss. If the current continues to increase, it will lead to a gas shortage at the electrode, making the battery unable to work properly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention discloses a drive control device for a two-wheeled vehicle based on a hydrogen fuel cell, which solves the problem of abnormal operation caused by the fuel cell entering a high current density condition under high load conditions in two-wheeled vehicles equipped with hydrogen fuel cells.

[0005] A two-wheeled vehicle drive control device based on a hydrogen fuel cell includes: a hydrogen fuel cell, an auxiliary battery, a motor, a main control chip, a motor drive circuit, a first current detection circuit, a second current detection circuit, and a switching circuit.

[0006] The hydrogen fuel cell and the auxiliary battery are connected in parallel to form a hybrid power source, and the current output terminal of the hybrid power source is connected to the motor drive circuit.

[0007] The first current detection circuit is connected to the current output terminal of the hydrogen fuel cell and is used to acquire the output current signal of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0008] The second current detection circuit is connected to the ground terminal of the hybrid power supply and is used to obtain the total motor drive current signal;

[0009] The input terminal of the switching circuit is connected in series with the current output terminal of the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0010] The main control chip is used to control the motor drive circuit to drive the motor to operate, and to receive the output current signal of the hydrogen fuel cell and the total current signal of the motor drive, and to adjust the output of the hybrid power supply according to the preset control logic.

[0011] In this application, a hydrogen fuel cell is set as the first power source and an auxiliary battery is set as the second power source. During operation, the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell and the drive current of the motor are obtained according to the first current detection circuit and the second current detection circuit. This can be used by the main control chip to control the pulse duty cycle to adjust the drive current of the motor, and to disconnect the hydrogen fuel cell through the switching circuit to prevent the fuel cell from entering a high current density operating condition and affecting normal operation.

[0012] Several alternative methods are provided below, but they are not intended as additional limitations on the overall solution above. They are merely further additions or optimizations. Provided there are no technical or logical contradictions, each alternative method can be combined individually with respect to the overall solution above, or multiple alternative methods can be combined with each other.

[0013] Optionally, the first current sensing circuit includes a first current sensing resistor and a first differential operational amplifier. The first current sensing resistor is connected in series at the current output terminal of the hydrogen fuel cell. The first differential operational amplifier samples the voltage across the first current sensing resistor and transmits it to the main control chip.

[0014] Optionally, the second current sensing circuit includes a second current sensing resistor and a second differential operational amplifier. The second current sensing resistor is connected in series with the ground terminal of the hybrid power supply. The second differential operational amplifier samples the voltage across the second current sensing resistor and transmits it to the main control chip.

[0015] Optionally, the auxiliary battery is a lead-acid battery or a lithium-ion battery.

[0016] Optionally, the motor drive circuit includes MOSFETs G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, and G6, which correspond to the three-phase circuit of the motor and are controlled by the main control chip to adjust the duty cycle of the pulses to control the magnitude of the total motor drive current.

[0017] Optionally, the preset control logic includes:

[0018] A bus current threshold is preset. Based on the bus current threshold, when the total motor drive current exceeds the bus current threshold, the main control chip controls the motor drive circuit to reduce the duty cycle.

[0019] Optionally, the preset control logic further includes:

[0020] A hydrogen fuel cell current threshold is preset. When the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell exceeds the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold, the switching circuit is disconnected, and the auxiliary battery supplies power to the motor.

[0021] When the total current of the motor drive is greater than the bus current threshold and the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell does not exceed the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold, the switching circuit is turned on, and the hydrogen fuel cell and the auxiliary battery jointly power the motor.

[0022] When the total current driving the motor is less than the current threshold of the hydrogen fuel cell, the switching circuit is turned on, and the hydrogen fuel cell powers the motor and charges the auxiliary battery.

[0023] This application also discloses a dual current-limiting control method for a two-wheeled vehicle motor based on hydrogen fuel cell hybrid power, which, based on the aforementioned drive control device, includes the following steps:

[0024] S1: Initialize the device after startup;

[0025] S2: The main control chip collects the amplified voltage signals of the hydrogen fuel cell and the hybrid power supply through the first current detection circuit and the second current detection circuit respectively, and calculates the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell and the total current of the motor drive.

[0026] S3: The main control chip compares the calculated hydrogen fuel cell output current with the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold, and the total motor drive current with the bus current threshold. Based on the comparison results, it controls the switching state of the switching circuit and the pulse width duty cycle of the motor drive circuit, adjusts the motor drive current, and controls the activation and deactivation of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0027] S4: Repeat steps S2-S3 to achieve dynamic matching between motor load and power supply mode.

[0028] They also disclosed a two-wheeled vehicle based on a hydrogen fuel cell hybrid power system, which includes the aforementioned drive control device.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0030] 1. The hydrogen fuel cell always operates at medium and low current density, and charges the auxiliary battery under low load, provides mixed power under medium and high load, and reliably switches power supply under high load, which improves the reliability, scenario adaptability and driving experience of the two-wheeled vehicle, and avoids the problem of voltage drop and electrode gas shortage in hydrogen fuel cells under high current density.

[0031] 2. The switching circuit effectively isolates reverse current, reducing damage to components from current surges;

[0032] 3. By adjusting the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell and auxiliary battery under different operating conditions, the range of two-wheeled vehicles can be effectively improved. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or it can be connected to a component in between. When a component is said to be "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or it may be set to a component in between.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0038] refer to Figure 1 One embodiment of this application discloses a two-wheeled vehicle drive control device based on a hydrogen fuel cell, including: a hydrogen fuel cell, an auxiliary battery, a motor, a main control chip, a motor drive circuit, a first current detection circuit, a second current detection circuit, and a switching circuit.

[0039] The hydrogen fuel cell and the auxiliary battery are connected in parallel to form a hybrid power source for the two-wheeled vehicle, which powers the motor.

[0040] The first current detection circuit is connected to the current output terminal of the hydrogen fuel cell to obtain the output current signal of the hydrogen fuel cell; the second current detection circuit is connected to the bus (ground terminal of the hybrid power supply) to obtain the total current signal of the motor drive.

[0041] To address the issue of electrode gas shortage in hydrogen fuel cells under high current density conditions, one approach is to connect a switching circuit in series at the current output terminal (positive electrode) of the hydrogen fuel cell. This switching circuit is controlled by the main control chip, which controls the opening and closing of the positive electrode current. This ensures that under high current density conditions, only the auxiliary battery powers the motor.

[0042] On the other hand, the main control chip receives and adjusts the pulse duty cycle of the motor drive circuit and the magnitude of the total motor drive current according to the output current signal of the hydrogen fuel cell and the total current signal of the motor drive, so that the hydrogen fuel cell is in a low current density state (or a medium or low current density state, i.e., away from the high current density state).

[0043] It should be noted that the low and high current density states of a hydrogen fuel cell are positively correlated with the load on the motor.

[0044] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the first current sensing circuit includes a first current sensing resistor and a first differential operational amplifier, and the second current sensing circuit includes a second current sensing resistor and a second differential operational amplifier.

[0045] The first current sensing resistor is connected in series at the current output terminal of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the first differential operational amplifier samples the voltage across the first current sensing resistor and transmits it to the main control chip.

[0046] The second current sensing resistor is connected in series with the ground terminal of the hybrid power supply. The second differential operational amplifier samples the voltage across the second current sensing resistor and transmits it to the main control chip.

[0047] In some embodiments, the auxiliary battery is a rechargeable battery, which may be a lead-acid battery or a lithium-ion battery.

[0048] In one embodiment, the motor drive circuit includes MOSFETs G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, and G6, which correspond to the three-phase circuit of the motor and are controlled by the main control chip to limit the total current of the motor drive by adjusting the pulse duty cycle.

[0049] Furthermore, the aforementioned switching circuit also uses a MOSFET (such as...). Figure 1 As shown in the diagram (MOSFET G0), MOSFET G0 is unidirectionally conductive, which can effectively isolate reverse current and reduce the damage of current surges to the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0050] In one embodiment of this application, a control logic is disclosed, which is preset in the aforementioned drive control device, including:

[0051] Optionally, the preset control logic includes:

[0052] A bus current threshold is preset. Based on the bus current threshold, when the total motor drive current exceeds the bus current threshold, the main control chip controls the motor drive circuit to reduce the duty cycle.

[0053] Optionally, the preset control logic further includes:

[0054] A hydrogen fuel cell current threshold is preset. When the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell exceeds the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold, the switching circuit is disconnected, and the auxiliary battery supplies power to the motor.

[0055] When the total current of the motor drive is greater than the bus current threshold and the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell does not exceed the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold, the switching circuit is turned on, and the hydrogen fuel cell and the auxiliary battery jointly power the motor.

[0056] When the total current driving the motor is less than the current threshold of the hydrogen fuel cell, the switching circuit is turned on, and the hydrogen fuel cell powers the motor and charges the auxiliary battery.

[0057] It should be explained that the high current density state mentioned above refers to the hydrogen fuel cell output current being greater than the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold, while the low current density state refers to the hydrogen fuel cell output current being less than or equal to the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold.

[0058] What needs to be explained is... Figure 2 The question “Does the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell exceed the threshold?” should be understood as “Does the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell exceed the current threshold of the hydrogen fuel cell?”

[0059] "Does the bus current exceed the threshold?" should be understood as "Does the total motor drive current exceed the bus current threshold?"

[0060] "Is the load below the fuel cell start-up threshold?" should be understood as "Is the total current of the motor drive below the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold?"

[0061] The "threshold" in "Has the number of iterations exceeded the threshold?" is a preset natural number that can be adjusted adaptively according to the actual situation.

[0062] refer to Figure 2 In one embodiment of this application, a dual current-limiting control method for a two-wheeled vehicle motor based on hydrogen fuel cell hybrid power is disclosed, used to control the aforementioned drive control device, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1: Initialize the device after startup;

[0064] S2: The main control chip collects the amplified voltage signals of the hydrogen fuel cell and the hybrid power supply through the first current detection circuit and the second current detection circuit respectively, and calculates the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell and the total current of the motor drive.

[0065] S3: The main control chip compares the calculated hydrogen fuel cell output current with the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold, and the total motor drive current with the bus current threshold. Based on the comparison results, it controls the switching state of the switching circuit and the pulse width duty cycle of the motor drive circuit, adjusts the motor drive current, and controls the activation and deactivation of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0066] S4: Repeat steps S2-S3 to achieve dynamic matching between motor load and power supply mode.

[0067] Furthermore, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0068] S31: Determine whether the current output current of the hydrogen fuel cell is greater than the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold. If the determination is no, proceed to the next step. If the determination is yes, increment the cycle count by one. Depending on whether the cycle count exceeds the preset value, perform the operation of reducing the pulse duty cycle or disconnecting the switching circuit.

[0069] S32: Determine whether the current total motor drive current (i.e., bus current) is greater than the bus current threshold. If the determination is yes, control the motor drive circuit to reduce the pulse duty cycle and jump to step S31; if the determination is no, proceed to the next step.

[0070] S33: Determine whether the current load (total motor drive current) is lower than the bus current threshold. If yes, the switch circuit is turned on; otherwise, jump to step S31.

[0071] To facilitate understanding, a specific embodiment of the above method is used for illustration. In one specific embodiment, the preset current threshold of the hydrogen fuel cell is 10 amperes, and the bus current threshold is 30 amperes.

[0072] First, the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell is collected by the first current detection circuit, and the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell is compared to see if it is greater than 10 amperes.

[0073] When the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell exceeds 10 amperes, the main control chip controls the motor drive circuit to reduce the pulse duty cycle and controls the switching circuit to disconnect the hydrogen fuel cell output.

[0074] If the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell is not greater than 10 amperes, the first current detection circuit collects the bus current, obtains the total motor drive current, and determines whether the total motor drive current is greater than 30 amperes.

[0075] When the total motor drive current exceeds 30 amps, the main control chip controls the motor drive circuit to reduce the pulse duty cycle to prevent the total motor drive current from exceeding the maximum value that the bus can bear, thus protecting the bus safety.

[0076] Provided the total motor drive current is less than 30 amps, determine if the total motor drive current is less than 10 amps. If it is less than 10 amps, the hydrogen fuel cell will power the motor drive circuit and charge the auxiliary battery.

[0077] The technical features of the embodiments described above can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. When technical features of different embodiments are embodied in the same drawing, it can be regarded as the drawing also disclosing examples of combinations of the various embodiments involved.

[0078] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A drive control device for a two-wheeled vehicle based on a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that, include: Hydrogen fuel cell, auxiliary battery, motor, main control chip, motor drive circuit, first current detection circuit, second current detection circuit, switching circuit; The hydrogen fuel cell and the auxiliary battery are connected in parallel to form a hybrid power source, and the current output terminal of the hybrid power source is connected to the motor drive circuit. The first current detection circuit is connected to the current output terminal of the hydrogen fuel cell and is used to acquire the output current signal of the hydrogen fuel cell. The second current detection circuit is connected to the ground terminal of the hybrid power supply and is used to obtain the total motor drive current signal; The input terminal of the switching circuit is connected in series with the current output terminal of the hydrogen fuel cell; The main control chip is used to control the motor drive circuit to drive the motor to operate, and to receive the output current signal of the hydrogen fuel cell and the total current signal of the motor drive, and to adjust the output of the hybrid power supply according to the preset control logic.

2. The two-wheeled vehicle drive control device based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first current sensing circuit includes a first current sensing resistor and a first differential operational amplifier. The first current sensing resistor is connected in series at the current output terminal of the hydrogen fuel cell. The first differential operational amplifier samples the voltage across the first current sensing resistor and transmits it to the main control chip.

3. The two-wheeled vehicle drive control device based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second current sensing circuit includes a second current sensing resistor and a second differential operational amplifier. The second current sensing resistor is connected in series with the ground terminal of the hybrid power supply. The second differential operational amplifier samples the voltage across the second current sensing resistor and transmits it to the main control chip.

4. The two-wheeled vehicle drive control device based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary battery is a lead-acid battery or a lithium-ion battery.

5. The two-wheeled vehicle drive control device based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor drive circuit includes MOSFETs G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, and G6, which correspond to the three-phase circuit of the motor and are controlled by the main control chip to adjust the pulse duty cycle and control the magnitude of the total motor drive current.

6. The two-wheeled vehicle drive control device based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preset control logic includes: A bus current threshold is preset. Based on the bus current threshold, when the total motor drive current exceeds the bus current threshold, the main control chip controls the motor drive circuit to reduce the duty cycle.

7. The two-wheeled vehicle drive control device based on a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preset control logic also includes: A hydrogen fuel cell current threshold is preset. When the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell exceeds the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold, the switching circuit is disconnected, and the auxiliary battery supplies power to the motor. When the total current of the motor drive is greater than the bus current threshold and the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell does not exceed the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold, the switching circuit is turned on, and the hydrogen fuel cell and the auxiliary battery jointly power the motor. When the total current driving the motor is less than the current threshold of the hydrogen fuel cell, the switching circuit is turned on, and the hydrogen fuel cell powers the motor and charges the auxiliary battery.

8. A dual current-limiting control method for the motor of a two-wheeled vehicle based on hydrogen fuel cell hybrid power, characterized in that, The drive control device according to claim 7 includes the following steps: S1: Initialize the device after startup; S2: The main control chip collects the amplified voltage signals of the hydrogen fuel cell and the hybrid power supply through the first current detection circuit and the second current detection circuit respectively, and calculates the output current of the hydrogen fuel cell and the total current of the motor drive. S3: The main control chip compares the calculated hydrogen fuel cell output current with the hydrogen fuel cell current threshold, and the total motor drive current with the bus current threshold. Based on the comparison results, it controls the switching state of the switching circuit and the pulse width duty cycle of the motor drive circuit, adjusts the motor drive current, and controls the activation and deactivation of the hydrogen fuel cell. S4: Repeat steps S2-S3 to achieve dynamic matching between motor load and power supply mode.

9. A two-wheeled vehicle based on hydrogen fuel cell hybrid power, characterized in that, Includes the drive control device as described in claims 1-7.

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