Microplastic-pathogenic microorganism collaborative treatment device based on One Health and ecological restoration method

Abstract

The invention discloses a One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism collaborative treatment device and an ecological restoration method, and relates to the technical field of environmental treatment and restoration, the device comprises an environmental pollution monitoring module, a pollution traceability and diagnosis module, a land-sea collaborative treatment module and a dynamic evaluation module; on the basis of the One Health concept, microplastics are selectively adsorbed through a functional magnetic nano material, pathogenic bacteria are cracked in a targeted mode in combination with T4 bacteriophage, efficient removal of the microplastics and efficient inactivation of the pathogenic bacteria are achieved, the regional splitting problem is solved through land-sea integrated design, the device integrates monitoring, traceability, treatment and evaluation links, and the device is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. A closed-loop optimization system is formed, full-chain treatment of pollutants from a land area to a sea area can be ensured, secondary pollution is avoided, in addition, the treatment reliability is improved through block chain data evidence storage and a dynamic adjustment mechanism, and multiple benefits such as environmental sustainability, health risk reduction and economical efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental remediation technology, and in particular to a microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic remediation device and ecological restoration method based on One Health. Background Technology

[0002] Land-sea co-polluting refers to a comprehensive pollution problem caused by the interaction between terrestrial activities and the marine environment. Its core characteristic lies in the migration, transformation, and synergistic effects of pollutants (such as microplastics, pathogenic microorganisms, and heavy metals) between land and sea. This type of pollution not only involves single pollutants but also emphasizes the combined effects of multiple pollutants and the interconnected impacts of terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Land-sea co-polluting is a current challenge in environmental governance, its essence being the circulation and amplification effects of pollutants within terrestrial and marine ecosystems.

[0003] The current governance of land-sea combined pollution faces the following core challenges:

[0004] Microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic pollution is aggravated: Due to their high specific surface area and hydrophobicity, microplastics (particle size <5mm) can adsorb and enrich pathogens (such as Vibrio cholerae and Salmonella) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), forming a "contamination complex." Studies have shown that 1 mg / L of microplastics can adsorb up to 10 6 Pathogens with a concentration of CFU / mL can be transported to the ocean via rivers, significantly increasing the risk of zoonotic diseases. For example, a study on cholera outbreaks in Nigeria showed that the detection rate of pathogens in water sources surrounding aquaculture areas was 4.2 times higher than in non-aquaculture areas, with the presence of microplastics significantly enhancing their transmission efficiency. In waters surrounding aquaculture areas in Southeast Asia, the detection rate of microplastics carrying the sul1 gene was as high as 78%, five times higher than in non-aquaculture areas. Traditional treatment technologies (such as activated sludge processes and constructed wetlands) have a removal efficiency of less than 60% for microplastics and cannot effectively inactivate pathogenic microorganisms. Microplastics (particle size <5mm) form "pollutant complexes" by adsorbing pathogens (such as Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli O157:H7) and ARGs (such as sul1 and tetM). For example, the abundance of ARGs attached to the surface of microplastics in the Pearl River Estuary is as high as 10. 6 Copies / g increases the risk of zoonotic disease transmission by 3 to 5 times.

[0005] Land-sea governance is fragmented: Traditional environmental governance technologies often address land-based soil pollution or marine plastic waste independently, lacking a systematic approach that integrates land and sea. Studies show that 80% of marine pollutants originate from land, but current technologies such as constructed wetlands can only intercept 30-40% of land-based microplastics.

[0006] Existing ecological restoration technologies are limited: Existing methods such as microbial degradation or physical dredging struggle to simultaneously remove microplastics and the pathogens they carry. Current technologies (e.g., microbial degradation, chemical oxidation) target only single pollutants and may trigger secondary pollution (e.g., ozone byproduct bromate). For instance, while olivine alkalization can enhance marine carbon sequestration, it fails to address the issue of heavy metals and pathogens adsorbed by microplastics. Therefore, this invention proposes a One Health-based microplastic-pathogen synergistic management device and ecological restoration method to address the problems existing in current technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to propose a microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic treatment device and ecological restoration method based on One Health, which solves the problems that current pollution control technologies mostly treat land soil pollution or marine plastic waste independently, lacking a systematic approach that integrates land and sea, and that ecological restoration technologies are singular and difficult to remove microplastics and their loaded pathogenic microorganisms simultaneously.

[0008] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device, comprising:

[0009] The environmental pollution monitoring module monitors wastewater in the target area in real time and obtains pollution information;

[0010] The pollution source tracing and diagnosis module analyzes pollution information and generates microplastic-pathogen migration results.

[0011] The land-sea coordinated governance module conducts coordinated governance of land and sea areas based on the migration results of microplastics and pathogens.

[0012] The dynamic evaluation module analyzes and evaluates the results of collaborative governance.

[0013] Further improvements are made in that: the environmental pollution monitoring module uses a hyperspectral imager mounted on a drone to identify terrestrial microplastic hotspots in wastewater, and uses a rapid microbial detection unit to quantitatively analyze pathogen diversity and antibiotic resistance gene abundance.

[0014] A further improvement is that the pollution source tracing and diagnosis module constructs a microplastic-pathogen migration model through the migration model construction unit, and inputs the pollution information collected by monitoring into the microplastic-pathogen migration model through the pollution judgment unit to obtain the microplastic-pathogen migration results.

[0015] Further improvements are made in the following aspects: The land-sea coordinated governance module includes a land-based treatment unit and a marine ecological restoration unit. The land-based treatment unit captures microplastics in wastewater using functionalized magnetic nanomaterials and releases loaded T4 bacteriophages through a controlled-release mechanism to obtain the first treated wastewater. The marine ecological restoration unit utilizes algal communities to promote the flocculation of microplastics in the first treated wastewater, degrades organic pollutants through symbiotic microorganisms, inhibits the proliferation of pathogens and passivates heavy metals through dissolution reactions, and obtains the final treated water.

[0016] A further improvement is that the dynamic evaluation module stores and analyzes the governance data of collaborative governance through the governance data evaluation unit, and dynamically adjusts the collaborative governance scheme of the land-sea collaborative governance module through the dynamic adjustment unit.

[0017] An ecological restoration method based on the One Health microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Monitor the wastewater in the target area to obtain pollution information;

[0019] Step 2: Analyze the pollution information to obtain the microplastic-pathogen migration results;

[0020] Step 3: Based on the microplastic-pathogen migration results, conduct coordinated governance of land and sea areas;

[0021] Step 4: Quantitatively analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of collaborative governance, and optimize governance strategies in real time based on the analysis results.

[0022] Further improvements are made in the following steps: In step one, a drone equipped with a hyperspectral imager is used to identify terrestrial microplastic hotspots in the wastewater, and the MBPD process is combined to detect pathogen diversity.

[0023] A further improvement is made in step two, by constructing a microplastic-pathogen migration model, the collected pollution information is input into the microplastic-pathogen migration model to obtain the microplastic-pathogen migration results.

[0024] Further improvements are made in the following: In step three, the collaborative treatment includes a land-based treatment stage and a marine remediation stage. In the land-based treatment stage, in a magnetic nano-adsorption tower, an external magnetic field is used to control the magnetic nanomaterials to capture microplastics in the wastewater and release the loaded T4 bacteriophages to lyse pathogens and obtain the first treated wastewater. In the marine remediation stage, in a constructed seaweed bed, the seaweed community is used to promote the flocculation of microplastics in the first treated wastewater, and organic pollutants are degraded by symbiotic microorganisms. The dissolution reaction inhibits the proliferation of pathogens and passivates heavy metals to obtain the final treated water.

[0025] A further improvement is made in step four, where blockchain is used to store and analyze the governance data to obtain the final concentration of microplastics and the activity rate of pathogens in the treated water, and the collaborative governance scheme of the land-sea collaborative governance module is dynamically adjusted based on the concentration of microplastics and the activity rate of pathogens.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Based on the One Health concept, this invention selectively adsorbs microplastics using functional magnetic nanomaterials and combines this with T4 bacteriophage to target and lyse pathogens, achieving a breakthrough result of microplastic removal rate ≥95% and pathogen inactivation rate ≥90%, far exceeding the 60% removal limit of traditional technologies. Furthermore, the integrated land-sea design overcomes the problem of geographical fragmentation. The entire device integrates monitoring, source tracing, treatment, and evaluation, forming a closed-loop optimization system that ensures the full-chain treatment of pollutants from land to sea, avoiding secondary pollution. In addition, the reliability of treatment is improved through blockchain data storage and dynamic adjustment mechanisms. It is also applicable to complex pollution scenarios such as estuaries and aquaculture areas, and has multiple benefits including environmental sustainability, reduced health risks, and economic efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the framework structure of the One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ecological restoration method of the One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic management device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Land-sea combined pollution refers to pollution phenomena caused by the interconnected and synergistic effects of terrestrial and marine environments. Land-based pollutants such as industrial wastewater, agricultural fertilizers, and domestic sewage enter the ocean through rivers and the atmosphere, compounding with existing marine pollution such as oil spills and plastic waste, forming a more complex pollution system. This type of pollution is characterized by its cross-media and cross-regional nature, with pollutants migrating and transforming between land and sea, exacerbating ecosystem damage. For example, nutrient input leads to eutrophication in nearshore waters, triggering red tides; microplastics and heavy metals accumulate through the food chain, threatening marine life and human health. Land-sea combined pollution not only weakens the ocean's self-purification capacity but also impacts climate change and biodiversity, posing a severe challenge to global environmental governance.

[0031] Addressing land-sea combined pollution is an urgent need for safeguarding ecological security and sustainable human development. Its cross-regional nature means that single-pronged governance measures have limited effectiveness; coordinated prevention and control through integrated land-sea management is essential. Without timely intervention, pollutants will continue to damage marine ecosystems, exacerbate biodiversity loss, and directly impact the economy and society through aquaculture and fisheries resource decline. Furthermore, the long-term accumulation of pollutants may trigger more serious health crises and international environmental disputes. Therefore, promoting integrated land-sea governance is not only an inherent requirement for fulfilling global environmental responsibility but also an inevitable choice to protect the living environment of future generations.

[0032] One Health, also known as "the same health" or "comprehensive health," aims to coordinate the overall interconnectedness of human, animal, environmental, and microbial health. This concept involves building an infectious disease prevention and control network through multi-institutional collaboration, encompassing multiple fields such as medicine, food, agriculture, and the environment, with a focus on zoonotic disease surveillance and ecosystem health maintenance.

[0033] It should be noted that the technical means not described in detail in the following embodiments are all conventional means in the field, are not the key points of the invention, and will not be elaborated upon.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] according to Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism co-management device. The system comprises an environmental pollution monitoring module for acquiring pollution information, a pollution source tracing and diagnosis module for acquiring microplastic-pathogenic migration results, a land-sea co-management module for co-management of land and sea areas, and a dynamic evaluation module for analyzing and assessing the co-management results.

[0036] The environmental pollution monitoring module is used to monitor wastewater in the target area in real time through multi-source sensing technology, and to obtain pollution information including microplastic distribution density, pathogen types and concentrations;

[0037] The pollution source tracing and diagnosis module communicates with the environmental pollution monitoring module and is used to analyze pollution information based on machine learning algorithms to generate microplastic-pathogen migration results.

[0038] The land-sea coordinated governance module, based on the migration results of microplastics and pathogens, uses integrated physical-biological coupling technology to coordinate the governance of land and sea areas;

[0039] The dynamic evaluation module is used to analyze and evaluate the collaborative governance results through blockchain notarization technology, output governance effectiveness indicators, and dynamically optimize processing parameters.

[0040] The environmental pollution monitoring module in this embodiment includes a hyperspectral imager and a rapid microbial detection unit mounted on a drone, wherein:

[0041] A hyperspectral imager is used to identify land-based microplastic hotspots in wastewater. In this embodiment, the hyperspectral imager uses a hyperspectral camera in the 400–2500 nm band to identify the unique spectral characteristics of microplastics (such as the absorption peak of polyethylene at 1200 nm). It can spatially locate land-based hotspots with centimeter-level resolution. Combined with GIS technology, it generates a microplastic distribution density map, which facilitates subsequent targeted treatment.

[0042] This rapid microbial detection unit, based on the MBPD (Microbial Biodiversity Profiling Detection) workflow, uses metagenomic sequencing and qPCR technology to quantitatively analyze pathogenic community structure (e.g., Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli O157:H7) and the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (e.g., sul1, tetM). It can rapidly detect pathogen concentration (unit: CFU / mL) and ARG copy number on-site, with a detection limit as low as 10. 2 Copies / mL ensures real-time data availability.

[0043] The pollution source tracing and diagnosis module in this embodiment includes a migration model construction unit and a pollution determination unit, wherein:

[0044] The migration model building unit is used to construct a microplastic-pathogen migration model. The microplastic-pathogen migration model couples hydraulic dynamics and biosorption dynamics parameters. The model parameters are trained based on historical data (such as pollution flux in the Pearl River Estuary). It can simulate the migration path of pollutants from land to sea and predict microplastic enrichment hotspots and pathogen transmission risks.

[0045] The pollution determination unit is used to input the pollution information collected by monitoring into the microplastic-pathogen migration model, simulate the migration trajectory of pollutants through the microplastic-pathogen migration model, and obtain the microplastic-pathogen migration results.

[0046] The land-sea coordinated governance module in this embodiment includes a land-based treatment unit and a marine ecological restoration unit. It employs physical-biological coupling technology to achieve synergy between land-based pretreatment and deep marine restoration, wherein:

[0047] Land-based treatment unit: Employs a magnetic nano-adsorption tower, which is filled with functionalized magnetic nanomaterials to capture microplastics in wastewater and releases loaded T4 phages through a controlled-release mechanism to specifically lyse pathogens and obtain the first-stage treated wastewater.

[0048] Marine ecological restoration unit: includes seaweed bed subunit and alkalization enhancement subunit. The seaweed bed subunit promotes the flocculation and sedimentation of microplastics in the first-treatment wastewater by secreting extracellular polymers and degrades organic pollutants through symbiotic microorganisms. At the same time, the alkalization enhancement subunit increases the pH value by adding olivine powder, inhibits the proliferation of pathogens and passivates heavy metal ions through dissolution reaction, and obtains the final treated water.

[0049] The magnetic nanomaterial in this embodiment has a core-shell structure of iron oxide (Fe3O4) and is coated with a polyethyleneimine coating. Its specific surface area is ≥200 m² / g. 2 / g, with an adsorption capacity for microplastics ≥500mg / g;

[0050] In this embodiment, the T4 phage loading was 10. 8 -10 10 PFU / g.

[0051] The dynamic evaluation module in this embodiment includes a governance data evaluation unit and a dynamic adjustment unit, wherein:

[0052] The governance data evaluation unit is used to store and analyze governance data of collaborative governance using blockchain, to obtain the concentration of microplastics and the activity rate of pathogens in the treated water. The data hash value is tamper-proof, supports traceability and auditing, and the analysis algorithm (such as regression model) quantifies the governance effectiveness. For example, a microplastic removal rate of ≥95% is considered to meet the standard.

[0053] The dynamic adjustment unit is used to dynamically adjust the collaborative governance scheme of the land-sea collaborative governance module according to the microplastic concentration and pathogen activity rate. This embodiment is based on reinforcement learning algorithm, which compares the governance data with the preset threshold in real time (such as pathogen activity rate >5% as a warning). When the standard is exceeded, the parameters of the land-sea collaborative governance module are automatically adjusted, such as increasing the amount of nanomaterials added by 10-20%, or adjusting the seaweed bed density to ≥80%.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] See Figure 2 This embodiment provides an ecological restoration method based on the One Health microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device, including the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Obtain pollution information

[0057] Multimodal monitoring technology is used to monitor wastewater in the target area and obtain pollution information, including microplastic distribution density, pathogen types and concentrations. The specific steps are as follows:

[0058] UAVs equipped with hyperspectral imagers are used to identify terrestrial microplastic hotspots in wastewater. The MBPD process is combined to detect pathogen diversity. By integrating remote sensing and ground verification, monitoring blind spots are reduced.

[0059] Step 2: Obtain the microplastic-pathogen migration results

[0060] The contamination information was analyzed using a constructed microplastic-pathogen migration model. The specific steps are as follows:

[0061] A microplastic-pathogen migration model was constructed. The collected pollution information was input into the microplastic-pathogen migration model to obtain the microplastic-pathogen migration results.

[0062] Step 3: Conduct coordinated governance of land and sea areas

[0063] Based on the microplastic-pathogen migration results, a land-sea co-processing technology is adopted for the coordinated management of land and sea areas. This includes physical capture of microplastics, combined biological inactivation treatment, and marine ecological restoration. The specific steps are as follows:

[0064] Land-based treatment stage: In the magnetic nano-adsorption tower, the magnetic nanomaterials are controlled by an external magnetic field to capture microplastics in the wastewater and release the loaded T4 phages to lyse pathogens and obtain the first-stage treated wastewater.

[0065] Marine restoration phase: In the constructed seaweed bed, the seaweed community is used to promote the flocculation of microplastics in the first-treatment wastewater, and organic pollutants are degraded by symbiotic microorganisms. The dissolution reaction inhibits the proliferation of pathogens and passivates heavy metals to obtain the final treated water.

[0066] Step 4: Conduct quantitative analysis and evaluation of the collaborative governance effect.

[0067] The collaborative governance effect is quantitatively analyzed and evaluated through a blockchain-supported dynamic evaluation module, and the governance strategy is optimized in real time based on the analysis results. The specific steps are as follows:

[0068] Blockchain is used to store and analyze governance data to obtain the final concentration of microplastics and the activity rate of pathogens in the treated water. The blockchain-stored data is updated every 30 minutes, and smart contracts automatically trigger evaluation.

[0069] The collaborative governance scheme of the land-sea collaborative governance module is dynamically adjusted based on the concentration of microplastics and the activity rate of pathogens.

[0070] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device based on One Health, characterized in that, include: The environmental pollution monitoring module monitors wastewater in the target area in real time and obtains pollution information; The pollution source tracing and diagnosis module analyzes pollution information and generates microplastic-pathogen migration results. The land-sea coordinated governance module conducts coordinated governance of land and sea areas based on the migration results of microplastics and pathogens. The dynamic evaluation module analyzes and evaluates the results of collaborative governance.

2. The One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental pollution monitoring module uses a hyperspectral imager mounted on a drone to identify terrestrial microplastic hotspots in wastewater, and uses a rapid microbial detection unit to quantitatively analyze pathogen diversity and antibiotic resistance gene abundance.

3. The One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pollution source tracing and diagnosis module constructs a microplastic-pathogen migration model through the migration model construction unit, and inputs the pollution information collected by monitoring into the microplastic-pathogen migration model through the pollution judgment unit to obtain the microplastic-pathogen migration results.

4. The One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The land-sea coordinated governance module includes a land-based treatment unit and a marine ecological restoration unit. The land-based treatment unit captures microplastics in wastewater using functionalized magnetic nanomaterials and releases loaded T4 bacteriophages through a controlled-release mechanism to obtain first-treatment wastewater. The marine ecological restoration unit utilizes algal communities to promote the flocculation of microplastics in the first-treatment wastewater, degrades organic pollutants through symbiotic microorganisms, inhibits the proliferation of pathogens and passivates heavy metals through dissolution reactions, and obtains the final treated water.

5. The One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic evaluation module stores and analyzes the governance data of collaborative governance through the governance data evaluation unit, and dynamically adjusts the collaborative governance scheme of the land-sea collaborative governance module through the dynamic adjustment unit.

6. An ecological restoration method applied to the One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Monitor the wastewater in the target area to obtain pollution information; Step 2: Analyze the pollution information to obtain the microplastic-pathogen migration results; Step 3: Based on the microplastic-pathogen migration results, conduct coordinated governance of land and sea areas; Step 4: Quantitatively analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of collaborative governance, and optimize governance strategies in real time based on the analysis results.

7. The ecological restoration method of the One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step one, a drone equipped with a hyperspectral imager is used to identify terrestrial microplastic hotspots in wastewater, and the MBPD process is combined to detect pathogen diversity.

8. The ecological restoration method of the One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step two, a microplastic-pathogen migration model is constructed, and the collected pollution information is input into the microplastic-pathogen migration model to obtain the microplastic-pathogen migration results.

9. The ecological restoration method of the One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step three, the collaborative treatment includes a land-based treatment stage and a marine remediation stage. In the land-based treatment stage, a magnetic nano-adsorption tower is used to capture microplastics in wastewater by controlling magnetic nanomaterials with an external magnetic field, and release loaded T4 bacteriophages to lyse pathogens and obtain the first treated wastewater. In the marine remediation stage, an algae bed is constructed to promote the flocculation of microplastics in the first treated wastewater by utilizing algae communities, and to degrade organic pollutants through symbiotic microorganisms, inhibit the proliferation of pathogens and passivate heavy metals through dissolution reactions, thereby obtaining the final treated water.

10. The ecological restoration method of the One Health-based microplastic-pathogenic microorganism synergistic control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step four, blockchain is used to store and analyze the governance data to obtain the final concentration of microplastics and the activity rate of pathogens in the treated water, and the collaborative governance scheme of the land-sea collaborative governance module is dynamically adjusted according to the concentration of microplastics and the activity rate of pathogens.

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