Light-splitting solar concentrator integrating photovoltaics and conical pipe

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic and conical tube integrated light-splitting solar concentrator, which comprises a microalgae circular reaction device, a photovoltaic module and a light-splitting concentrator, and is characterized in that the microalgae circular reaction device comprises a photobioreactor which is a transparent part and is used for providing a growth space for microalgae; the photovoltaic module comprises a first photovoltaic panel which is arranged above the photobioreactor, and the light receiving surface of the first photovoltaic panel faces the photobioreactor; the light splitting and concentrating device comprises a light splitting and concentrating part and a light collecting and concentrating part arranged below the light splitting and concentrating part; the light splitting and condensing part is used for reflecting visible light to the first photovoltaic panel and transmitting light outside the visible light to the light collecting and condensing part, and the light collecting and condensing part is used for reflecting light emitted to the surface of the light collecting and condensing part to the photobioreactor. According to the device provided by the invention, energy in sunlight can be fully utilized, the energy utilization rate of solar energy is improved, and the energy consumption of the device provided by the invention is reduced, so that the light-splitting solar concentrator does not need to utilize other energy except light energy, and the carbon emission of the light-splitting solar concentrator is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microalgae cultivation technology, and in particular to a spectrophotometer that integrates photovoltaics and a conical tube. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the progress of human industrial civilization, global consumption of primary energy has been increasing. The large-scale combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas has emitted more carbon dioxide, contributing to the greenhouse effect, which has garnered significant attention in recent years. Therefore, reducing carbon dioxide emissions can be approached from two aspects: firstly, by reducing anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions at their source; and secondly, by improving carbon removal efficiency, ideally through the resource utilization of large amounts of carbon dioxide.

[0003] In terms of carbon dioxide resource utilization, biotransformation for carbon emission control holds significant potential. Among numerous organisms, microalgae possess exceptional photosynthetic efficiency, capable of absorbing light energy for photosynthesis to fix carbon dioxide. Microalgae's efficiency in fixing carbon dioxide using solar energy is 10-50 times that of other terrestrial plants, resulting in higher productivity and a strong carbon fixation capacity. Carbon accounts for approximately 50% of the dry weight of microalgal biomass. Microalgae exhibit rapid growth rates and strong environmental adaptability, enabling them to thrive in both fresh and saltwater environments, and even in extreme environments such as saline-alkali land and deserts. They can obtain necessary nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, etc.) from domestic or industrial wastewater and purify the wastewater without occupying arable land. Therefore, microalgae represent a promising ecological solution to the global greenhouse effect and alleviate energy shortages.

[0004] To further reduce carbon emissions during microalgae cultivation, researchers have chosen to utilize solar energy to power the microalgae cultivation system. In related technologies (such as patent CN111763605B), solar energy is converted into electrical energy using photovoltaic panels, which is then sent to light lamps. The light emitted from these lamps is then guided into the photobioreactor, thus ensuring the microalgae's light requirements are met. However, due to the multiple conversions of solar energy back to light and electricity, energy utilization is low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one objective of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic and conical tube integrated solar concentrator that allows the photovoltaic panel to convert light within the visible light spectrum of sunlight into electrical energy, enabling light outside the visible light spectrum to directly illuminate the photobioreactor, providing light for microalgae growth. This fully utilizes the energy in sunlight, improves the energy efficiency of solar energy, reduces the energy consumption of the integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator, and eliminates the need to utilize energy other than light, thus reducing the carbon emissions of the integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic and conical tube integrated solar concentrator is used to cultivate microalgae using solar energy. It includes: a microalgae circulation reaction device, comprising a photobioreactor, the photobioreactor being transparent and providing growth space for the microalgae; a photovoltaic module, comprising a first photovoltaic panel, the first photovoltaic panel being disposed above the photobioreactor, with the light-receiving surface of the first photovoltaic panel facing the photobioreactor; and a solar concentrator, comprising: a solar concentrator and a light-collecting concentrator, the solar concentrator being used to reflect light within the visible light spectrum of sunlight and transmit light outside the visible light spectrum, the solar concentrator being disposed below the first photovoltaic panel, the solar concentrator being used to reflect light within the visible light spectrum onto the first photovoltaic panel, and the light-collecting concentrator being disposed below the solar concentrator, and used to reflect light outside the visible light spectrum emitted through the solar concentrator onto the photobioreactor.

[0007] According to the integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator of the present invention, by setting a beam-splitting and concentrating element to reflect light in the visible light spectrum of sunlight onto the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel can convert light in the visible light spectrum of sunlight into electrical energy. Furthermore, by using the beam-splitting and concentrating element to transmit light outside the visible light spectrum to the photobioreactor, light outside the visible light spectrum of sunlight can be directly irradiated onto the photobioreactor. This allows the microalgae circulation reactor to utilize light outside the visible light spectrum of sunlight to provide light for microalgae growth, thereby fully utilizing the energy in sunlight, improving the energy utilization rate of solar energy, reducing the energy consumption of the integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator, and eliminating the need to utilize energy other than light energy, thus reducing the carbon emissions of the integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, there are two beam-splitting and concentrating elements arranged at intervals along a first direction, the two beam-splitting and concentrating elements defining a clearance opening in the first direction, the photobioreactor being vertically opposite to the clearance opening, and at least a portion of the beam-collecting and concentrating elements being vertically opposite to the clearance opening; wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the photobioreactor, and the first direction is perpendicular to the vertical direction.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the beam-splitting and concentrating element facing the first photovoltaic panel is arc-shaped so as to reflect the light irradiated onto the beam-splitting and concentrating element onto the light-receiving surface of the first photovoltaic panel.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the light-collecting and concentrating element facing the first photovoltaic panel is arc-shaped so as to reflect the light irradiated onto the light-collecting and concentrating element onto the photobioreactor.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module may further include a second photovoltaic panel, the second photovoltaic panel being disposed on the side of the first photovoltaic panel away from the photobioreactor, and the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic panel being disposed away from the first photovoltaic panel.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the light-collecting and focusing element includes a base layer and a silver metal layer, wherein the silver metal layer is disposed on the surface of the base layer.

[0013] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the photobioreactor includes a straight pipe section and a turbulent flow section, the straight pipe section and the turbulent flow section being arranged alternately in sequence along the extension direction of the photobioreactor, and in the radial direction of the photobioreactor, the inner wall of the turbulent flow section protrudes outward from the inner wall of the straight pipe section.

[0014] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the turbulent section includes a first surface and a second surface connected together, the first surface being conical and the inner diameter of the first surface gradually decreasing in the direction away from the second surface, and the second surface being conical and the inner diameter of the second surface gradually decreasing in the direction away from the first surface.

[0015] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the turbulent section is spherically shaped.

[0016] According to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the microalgae circulating reaction device further includes: an incubator, a water pump, an inlet pipe, and a reflux pipe. The incubator is used to store the culture medium for microalgae growth. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the incubator, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to the inlet pipe. One end of the inlet pipe away from the water pump is connected to the photobioreactor. One end of the reflux pipe is connected to the photobioreactor, and the other end is connected to the incubator.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic and tapered tube integrated solar concentrator according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Another structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic and tapered tube integrated spectrophotometer, where the arrowed line segments indicate the propagation path of light; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a photobioreactor, where the arrowed lines indicate the flow direction of the microalgae slurry; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the photobioreactor, where the arrowed lines indicate the flow direction of the microalgae slurry; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a straight-tube photobioreactor in the prior art, where the arrowed line segments are used to indicate the flow direction of the microalgae slurry; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a straight-tube photobioreactor in the prior art, wherein the arrowed line segments are used to indicate the flow direction of the microalgae slurry; Figure 7 This is a vector diagram showing the flow field velocity magnitudes of the photobioreactor in this application and the straight-tube photobioreactor in the prior art.

[0019] Figure label: 100. Integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator; 1. Photobioreactor; 11. Straight tube section; 12. Turbulent section; 121. First surface; 122. Second surface; 2. First photovoltaic panel; 3. Solar concentrator; 31. Solar concentrator element; 32. Solar collector element; 33. Clearance opening. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a photovoltaic and tapered tube integrated solar concentrator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator 100 is used to cultivate microalgae using solar energy. The integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator 100 includes a microalgae circulation reaction device, a photovoltaic module and a solar concentrator 3. The microalgae circulation reaction device includes a photobioreactor 1, which is a transparent component and is used to provide growth space for microalgae.

[0023] For example, the microalgae circulation reactor may also include: an incubator, a water pump, an inlet pipe, and a reflux pipe. The incubator stores the culture medium for microalgae growth. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the incubator, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to the inlet pipe. The end of the inlet pipe away from the water pump is connected to the photobioreactor 1. One end of the reflux pipe is connected to the photobioreactor 1, and the other end of the reflux pipe is connected to the incubator. Thus, components other than the photobioreactor 1 in the microalgae circulation reactor can be made opaque, or opaque components can cover components other than the photobioreactor 1 in the microalgae circulation reactor to create the dark chamber required by the microalgae, enabling the movement of microalgae between the light and dark zones.

[0024] The photovoltaic module includes a first photovoltaic panel 2, which is disposed above the photobioreactor 1, with the light-receiving surface of the first photovoltaic panel 2 facing the photobioreactor 1. Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The beam-concentrating device 3 includes a beam-concentrating element 31 and a beam-collecting element 32. The beam-concentrating element 31 reflects light within the visible light spectrum of sunlight and transmits light outside the visible light spectrum of sunlight. The visible light spectrum of sunlight refers to light with a wavelength greater than or equal to 380 nm and less than or equal to 780 nm, while the light outside the visible light spectrum refers to light with a wavelength less than 380 nm and a wavelength greater than 780 nm. In other words, the beam-concentrating element 31 can be transparent or translucent. For example, the beam-concentrating element 31 can be ultraviolet-transmitting quartz glass, ultraviolet-transmitting black glass, PC plastic with added lead sulfide, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS). A magnesium fluoride (MgF2) coating can also be applied to the surface of the beam-concentrating element 31.

[0025] A beam-splitting and concentrating element 31 is disposed below the first photovoltaic panel 2. The beam-splitting and concentrating element 31 is used to reflect light within the visible light spectrum onto the first photovoltaic panel 2. A light-collecting and concentrating element 32 is disposed below the beam-splitting and concentrating element 31, and is used to reflect light outside the visible light spectrum emitted through the beam-splitting and concentrating element 31 onto the photobioreactor 1. That is, a portion of the sunlight (i.e., light within the visible light spectrum) can irradiate the first photovoltaic panel 2, where it is converted into electrical energy. The other portion of the sunlight (i.e., light outside the visible light spectrum) can irradiate the photobioreactor 1, providing the light required for growth on the photobioreactor 1.

[0026] For example, the photovoltaic and conical tube integrated solar concentrator 100 may also include a battery and a light source. The light source is located on the side of the first photovoltaic panel 2 facing the photobioreactor 1. The battery is connected to the first photovoltaic panel 2 and uses the electrical energy converted by the first photovoltaic panel 2. The battery is also connected to the light source to power the light source, which emits light to provide the necessary light for growth on the photobioreactor 1. This allows the photovoltaic and conical tube integrated solar concentrator 100 to provide the necessary light for growth on the photobioreactor 1 at night.

[0027] According to the integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator 100 of the present invention, by setting a beam-splitting and concentrating element 31 to reflect light in the visible light spectrum of sunlight onto the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel can convert light in the visible light spectrum of sunlight into electrical energy. By using a beam-collecting and concentrating element 32 to transmit light outside the visible light spectrum to the photobioreactor 1, light outside the visible light spectrum of sunlight can be directly irradiated onto the photobioreactor 1, so that the microalgae circulation reaction device can use light outside the visible light spectrum of sunlight to provide light for microalgae growth. This can make full use of the energy in sunlight, improve the energy utilization rate of solar energy, reduce the energy consumption of the integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator 100, and make the integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator 100 not need to use other energy besides light energy, thus reducing the carbon emissions of the integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator 100.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to some embodiments of the present invention, there are two beam-splitting and concentrating elements 31, and the beam-splitting and concentrating elements 31 are arranged at intervals along a first direction (refer to direction e1 in the figure). The two beam-splitting and concentrating elements 31 define an avoidance opening 33 in the first direction. The photobioreactor 1 is opposite to the avoidance opening 33 in the vertical direction. At least a portion of the light-collecting and concentrating element 32 is opposite to the avoidance opening 33 in the vertical direction (refer to direction e2 in the figure). The first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the photobioreactor 1 and is perpendicular to the vertical direction.

[0029] This allows multiple beam-splitting and concentrating elements 31 to cover a larger area, enabling the first photovoltaic panel 2 to convert more sunlight into electrical energy and increasing its power generation. Simultaneously, this allows light outside the visible light spectrum that passes through the beam-splitting and concentrating elements 31 to directly illuminate the photobioreactor 1 through the obstruction opening 33, reducing light loss caused by transmission through the beam-splitting and concentrating elements 31. Furthermore, this allows some sunlight to directly illuminate the light-collecting and concentrating element 32 through the obstruction opening 33, and then be reflected by the light-collecting and concentrating element onto the photobioreactor 1, further increasing the light intensity of the photobioreactor 1.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2According to some embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the beam-splitting and concentrating element 31 facing the first photovoltaic panel 2 is arc-shaped to reflect the light irradiated onto the beam-splitting and concentrating element 31 onto the light-receiving surface of the first photovoltaic panel 2. Specifically, the projection of the surface of the beam-splitting and concentrating element 31 facing the first photovoltaic panel 2 onto the projection plane is a parabola, wherein the projection plane is perpendicular to the extension direction of the photobioreactor 1. This enables the beam-splitting and concentrating element 31 to reliably reflect light within the visible light spectrum irradiated onto its surface onto the photovoltaic panel, ensuring the amount of light received by the first photovoltaic panel 2, so that the first photovoltaic panel 2 can convert more electrical energy.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to some embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the light-collecting and concentrating element 32 facing the first photovoltaic panel 2 is arc-shaped to reflect light irradiated onto the light-collecting and concentrating element 32 onto the photobioreactor 1. Specifically, the projection of the surface of the light-collecting and concentrating element 32 facing the first photovoltaic panel 2 onto the projection plane is a parabola, wherein the projection plane is perpendicular to the extension direction of the photobioreactor 1. This allows the light-collecting and concentrating element 32 to reliably reflect light outside the visible light spectrum irradiated onto its surface onto the photovoltaic panel, ensuring the amount of light received by the photobioreactor 1 and improving the growth rate of microalgae in the photobioreactor 1.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module may further include a second photovoltaic panel, which is disposed on the side of the first photovoltaic panel 2 away from the photobioreactor 1, and the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic panel is disposed away from the first photovoltaic panel 2. This can make full use of the light irradiated on the surface of the first photovoltaic panel 2 away from the photobioreactor 1, thereby increasing the total power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the light-collecting and concentrating element 32 includes a base layer and a silver metal layer. For example, the base layer can be a metal layer or a plastic layer. Specifically, when the base layer is a metal layer, it can be made of iron, copper, aluminum, zinc, or their alloys; when the base layer is a plastic layer, it can be made of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS). The silver metal layer is disposed on the surface of the base layer; for example, when the base layer is transparent, the silver metal layer can be disposed on the surface of the base layer facing the photobioreactor 1 or on the surface of the base layer away from the photobioreactor 1; when the base layer is opaque, the silver metal layer is disposed on the surface of the base layer facing the photobioreactor 1. In this way, the radiation irradiated to the light-collecting and concentrating element 32 can be reliably reflected to the photobioreactor through the silver metal layer, heating the microalgae slurry in the photobioreactor 1 and promoting the growth of microalgae.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the photobioreactor 1 includes a straight pipe section 11 and a turbulent flow section 12, which are arranged alternately along the extension direction of the photobioreactor 1. In the radial direction of the photobioreactor 1, the inner wall of the turbulent flow section 12 protrudes outward from the inner wall of the straight pipe section 11. That is, the inner diameter of the flow channel in the photobioreactor 1 changes alternately. For example, there can be two, three, four, five, six, or more turbulent flow sections 12; for example, the length of the turbulent flow section 12 can be the same as the length of the straight pipe section 11. Specifically, when the photobioreactor 1 is 50 cm long and the diameter of the straight pipe section 11 is 1.6 cm, there can be twelve turbulent flow sections 12.

[0035] Reference Figure 4 In the flow direction of the microalgae slurry, due to the alternating changes in the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel in photobioreactor 1, under the action of inertial force and the adverse pressure gradient formed by the cross-sectional changes, the microalgae slurry in the turbulent section 12 will form boundary layer separation and counter-rotating vortices, thus generating radial flow velocity. In contrast, in a traditional straight-tube photobioreactor 1, the fluid always flows axially, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown. Therefore, the microalgae in the center of the channel will be transported to the light-illuminated area near the tube wall of the photobioreactor 1 under the action of the vortex, while the microalgae near the tube wall of the photobioreactor 1 will be carried into the central area, avoiding light damage caused by long-term excessive light, and forming a circulating flow.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the radial velocity of the fluid in photobioreactor 1 exhibits periodic changes due to variations in the cross-section of the flow channel. When the flow cross-section suddenly expands, according to the continuity equation, the velocity gradually decreases, while the fluid pressure increases along the flow direction, forming a reverse pressure gradient. This reverse pressure gradient creates resistance to the fluid within the boundary layer. When the resistance exceeds the fluid's kinetic energy, the boundary layer can no longer adhere to the pipe wall, resulting in separation. After separation, a low-velocity reflux zone forms between the mainstream fluid and the pipe wall. When the fluid enters the downstream straight pipe from the conical expansion section, the cross-sectional area suddenly contracts, the velocity increases again, and the pressure decreases (downward pressure gradient). At this time, the fluid in the reflux zone formed in the turbulent section 12 is driven by the mainstream, forming a closed loop within the turbulent section 12. Due to the effect of vortices, radial velocity is generated, which, in the actual cultivation of microalgae, can promote the movement of microalgae between the light and dark zones, resulting in a better flash effect.

[0037] Reference Figures 3-7From a structural perspective, the photobioreactor 1 of this invention has advantages over the traditional straight-tube photobioreactor 1. Due to the structural changes, the photobioreactor 1 of this invention brings about changes in flow field characteristics. Compared with the straight-tube photobioreactor 1, the photobioreactor 1 of this invention has a better flow field effect that can promote microalgae cultivation.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the turbulent section 12 includes a first surface 121 and a second surface 122 connected together. The first surface 121 is conical, and its inner diameter gradually decreases in the direction away from the second surface 122. The second surface 122 is also conical, and its inner diameter gradually decreases in the direction away from the first surface 121. This allows for a relatively reliable generation of boundary layer separation and counter-rotating eddies in the turbulent section 12, reliably promoting the movement of microalgae between the light and dark zones.

[0039] In some alternative embodiments of the invention, the inner wall of the turbulent section 12 is spherically shaped. This allows for more reliable boundary layer separation and counter-rotating eddies in the turbulent section 12, reliably promoting the movement of microalgae between the light and dark zones.

[0040] According to other optional embodiments of the present invention, the microalgae circulating reaction device further includes: an incubator, a water pump, an inlet pipe, and a reflux pipe. The incubator is used to store the culture medium for microalgae growth. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the incubator, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to the inlet pipe. The end of the inlet pipe away from the water pump is connected to the photobioreactor 1. One end of the reflux pipe is connected to the photobioreactor 1, and the other end of the reflux pipe is connected to the incubator. This reliably achieves the circulating flow of the microalgae slurry. Specifically, the water pump can be connected to a photovoltaic module to utilize the electrical energy converted by the photovoltaic module, reducing the carbon emissions of the integrated photovoltaic and conical tube solar concentrator 100.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0043] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic and conical tube integrated solar concentrator (100) for cultivating microalgae using solar energy, characterized in that, include: The microalgae circulation reaction device includes a photobioreactor (1), which is a transparent component and is used to provide growth space for microalgae; A photovoltaic module includes a first photovoltaic panel (2), which is disposed above the photobioreactor (1) and the light-receiving surface of the first photovoltaic panel (2) faces the photobioreactor (1). The spectral concentrator (3) includes a spectral concentrator (31) and a light-collecting concentrator (32). The spectral concentrator (31) is used to reflect light in the visible light spectrum range of sunlight and transmit light outside the visible light spectrum range. The spectral concentrator (31) is located below the first photovoltaic panel (2). The spectral concentrator (31) is used to reflect light in the visible light spectrum range onto the first photovoltaic panel (2). The light-collecting concentrator (32) is located below the spectral concentrator (31) and is used to reflect light outside the visible light spectrum range emitted through the spectral concentrator (31) onto the photobioreactor (1).

2. The photovoltaic and tapered tube integrated solar concentrator (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two light-dispersing and concentrating elements (31) are arranged at intervals along the first direction. The two light-dispersing and concentrating elements (31) define an avoidance opening (33) in the first direction. The photobioreactor (1) is vertically opposite to the avoidance opening (33). At least a portion of the light-collecting and concentrating element (32) is vertically opposite to the avoidance opening (33). Wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the photobioreactor (1), and the first direction is perpendicular to the vertical direction.

3. The photovoltaic and tapered tube integrated solar concentrator (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the beam-splitting and concentrating element (31) facing the first photovoltaic panel (2) is arc-shaped so as to reflect the light irradiated onto the beam-splitting and concentrating element (31) onto the light-receiving surface of the first photovoltaic panel (2).

4. The photovoltaic and tapered tube integrated solar concentrator (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the light-collecting and concentrating element (32) facing the first photovoltaic panel (2) is arc-shaped so as to reflect the light irradiated onto the light-collecting and concentrating element (32) onto the photobioreactor (1).

5. The photovoltaic and tapered tube integrated solar concentrator (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module may further include a second photovoltaic panel, which is disposed on the side of the first photovoltaic panel (2) away from the photobioreactor (1), and the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic panel is disposed away from the first photovoltaic panel (2).

6. The photovoltaic and tapered tube integrated solar concentrator (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-collecting and focusing component (32) includes a base layer and a silver metal layer, wherein the silver metal layer is disposed on the surface of the base layer.

7. The integrated photovoltaic and tapered tube solar concentrator (100) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The photobioreactor (1) includes a straight pipe section (11) and a turbulent section (12). The straight pipe section (11) and the turbulent section (12) are arranged alternately along the extension direction of the photobioreactor (1). In the radial direction of the photobioreactor (1), the inner wall of the turbulent section (12) protrudes outward from the inner wall of the straight pipe section (11).

8. The photovoltaic and tapered tube integrated solar concentrator (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner wall of the turbulent section (12) includes a first surface (121) and a second surface (122) connected together. The first surface (121) is conical and its inner diameter gradually decreases in the direction away from the second surface (122). The second surface (122) is also conical and its inner diameter gradually decreases in the direction away from the first surface (121).

9. The photovoltaic and tapered tube integrated solar concentrator (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner wall of the turbulent section (12) is spherically shaped.

10. The integrated photovoltaic and tapered tube solar concentrator (100) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The microalgae circulating reaction device also includes: an incubator, a water pump, an inlet pipe, and a reflux pipe. The incubator is used to store the culture medium for microalgae growth. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the incubator, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to the inlet pipe. One end of the inlet pipe away from the water pump is connected to the photobioreactor (1). One end of the reflux pipe is connected to the photobioreactor (1), and the other end is connected to the incubator.

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