Rotary chemical cleaning equipment for superconducting niobium cavity and dynamic sealing structure of rotary chemical cleaning equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cleaning of inner surfaces of superconducting niobium cavities, in particular to rotary chemical cleaning equipment for a superconducting niobium cavity and a dynamic sealing structure of the rotary chemical cleaning equipment. Horizontal axial rolling parts are arranged on the periphery of the rolling frame, and the axis of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece is parallel to or overlapped with the axis of the rolling parts; the driving mechanism drives the rolling part through a transmission assembly so as to drive the rolling frame and the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece in the rolling frame to rotate synchronously; after power is output through the driving mechanism, the power is transmitted to the rolling frame through the transmission assembly and the rolling component, the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece rotates synchronously along with the rolling frame, the axis of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece is parallel to or overlapped with the axis of the rolling component, and internal strong acid uniformly flows along the inner wall of the workpiece for cleaning under the action of gravity and inertia during rotation. All areas of the inner wall of the cavity are completely covered, contact blind areas of a traditional cleaning mode are thoroughly eliminated, impurities and pollutants remaining on the inner wall are removed, the cleanliness is greatly improved, and the purpose of cleaning without dead corners is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of superconducting niobium cavity internal surface cleaning technology, and in particular to a rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities and its dynamic sealing structure. Background Technology

[0002] A radio frequency (RF) superconducting accelerator cavity is a microwave resonant cavity with a special shape made of superconducting materials. In the superconducting state, this resonant cavity has very low microwave loss and can establish a very strong microwave electric field, which can be used to accelerate charged particles such as electrons and heavy ions. Currently, ellipsoidal RF superconducting niobium cavities for accelerating electrons are widely used in a range of accelerator fields, including high-energy physics, nuclear physics, and free-electron lasers.

[0003] The main factors affecting the performance of superconducting niobium cavities are multipacting (secondary electron emission), thermal quenching, and field emission. Multipacing is primarily related to the cavity structure, which can be improved through optimized design, and is also related to the cleanliness of the cavity's inner surface. Field emission, on the other hand, is mainly determined by the roughness and cleanliness of the superconducting niobium cavity's inner surface. Therefore, superconducting niobium cavities have extremely high requirements for the roughness and cleanliness of their inner surfaces, which directly determine their performance. Traditional cleaning methods for the interior of superconducting niobium cavities suffer from blind spots, resulting in residual impurities and contaminants on the inner walls, making thorough cleaning impossible and leading to insufficient cleanliness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities and its dynamic sealing structure, thereby solving the problem of incomplete cleaning of the workpiece inside the superconducting niobium cavity.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities is used to clean the internal surface of workpieces within superconducting niobium cavities, comprising: Workbench; A rolling frame is used to fix the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece, and a horizontally axially rolling component is provided on the outer periphery. The axis of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece is parallel to or overlaps with the axis of the rolling component. The driving mechanism drives the rolling component via a transmission assembly to drive the rolling frame and the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece inside to rotate synchronously, thereby achieving strong acid cleaning inside the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece.

[0006] Preferably, the rolling component includes at least two annular support members arranged parallel to each other, and the rolling frame further includes a plurality of connecting members connecting the annular support members, the connecting members being arranged at intervals along the circumference of the annular support members.

[0007] Preferably, the rolling frame is a split structure, including an upper frame portion and a lower frame portion separated along a horizontal plane, the upper frame portion and the lower frame portion being detachably connected; the upper frame portion and the lower frame portion each include at least two semi-circular support members arranged parallel to each other and their corresponding connecting members, the two semi-circular support members being spliced ​​together to form the annular support member.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a support base disposed on the workbench and a transmission wheel mounted on the support base, wherein the outer surface of the transmission wheel rolls in contact with the outer surface of the rolling component; and the drive mechanism is poweredly connected to the transmission wheel through a transmission connector.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a drive motor, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a transmission belt. The driving wheel is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor, the driven wheel is coaxially arranged with the transmission connector, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected by the transmission belt.

[0010] A dynamic sealing structure for a rotary chemical cleaning device for a superconducting niobium cavity is also provided, for dynamically sealing the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece as described above. The dynamic sealing structure is disposed at both ends of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece and includes: Connecting cylinder, bearing housing, and bearing housed within the bearing housing; One end of the connecting cylinder has a connecting part that can be sealed and fitted with the end of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece, and the other end passes through the inner ring of the bearing and extends into the bearing seat. The bearing seat is provided with a sealing cavity that fits with the outer circumference of the connecting cylinder, and a sealing element is provided in the sealing cavity. The end of the bearing seat near the sealing cavity is provided with a detachable sealing cover plate, and the sealing cover plate is provided with a medium interface that communicates with the connecting cylinder for the injection or discharge of cleaning medium.

[0011] Preferably, the sealing cavity is provided with at least one annular sealing groove along the outer periphery of the connecting cylinder, and the sealing element includes a corrosion-resistant sealing ring assembled in the sealing groove, wherein the sealing ring and the wall surface of the sealing cavity are interference fit.

[0012] Preferably, the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to a connecting ring, and a limiting mechanism is provided on the outer side of the connecting ring; the limiting mechanism includes a limiting seat and two limiting contact members spaced apart on the limiting seat, and a limiting rod is provided between the two limiting contact members extending downward from the connecting ring.

[0013] Preferably, a counterweight frame is also provided on the workbench, and at least one guide wheel is provided on the top of the counterweight frame. The two sides of the guide wheel are respectively connected to a counterweight block and a connecting ring through the two ends of a traction rope.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the counterweight frame is also provided with a cooling water spray pipe corresponding to the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: A rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities is used to clean the internal surface of a workpiece within a superconducting niobium cavity. The device includes: a worktable; a rolling frame for fixing the workpiece, with horizontally axially arranged rolling components on its outer periphery, the workpiece's axis parallel or overlapping with the rolling component's axis; and a drive mechanism that drives the rolling components via a transmission assembly to synchronously rotate the rolling frame and the workpiece, achieving strong acid cleaning of the workpiece's interior. Power is output from the drive mechanism and transmitted to the rolling frame via the transmission assembly and rolling components. The workpiece rotates synchronously with the rolling frame, its axis parallel or overlapping with the rolling component's axis. During rotation, the strong acid flows uniformly along the workpiece's inner wall under gravity and inertia, thoroughly covering all areas of the cavity's inner wall, eliminating blind spots found in traditional cleaning methods, removing residual impurities and contaminants, significantly improving cleanliness, and achieving thorough cleaning without dead angles. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rotary chemical cleaning device for a superconducting niobium cavity and its dynamic sealing structure; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a rotary chemical cleaning device for a superconducting niobium cavity; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic sealing structure of a rotary chemical cleaning device for a superconducting niobium cavity; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bearing housing; Illustration: 1. Workbench; 51. Annular support; 52. Connecting component; 53. Transmission wheel; 54. Transmission connector; 55. Drive motor; 56. Pin hole; 61. Connecting cylinder; 62. Bearing seat; 63. Bearing; 64. Sealing cover; 65. Sealing ring; 66. Connecting ring; 67. Limiting contact; 68. Limiting rod; 69. Counterweight frame; 70. Counterweight block; 71. Cooling water spray pipe; 9. Superconducting niobium cavity workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be a component positioned centrally in the connection.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-2 A rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities is provided for cleaning the internal surface of a workpiece 9 within a superconducting niobium cavity, comprising: Worktable 1; Rolling frame, which is used to fix the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9, and has a horizontally axially oriented rolling component on its outer periphery, wherein the axis of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 is parallel to or overlaps with the axis of the rolling component; Drive mechanism; wherein the drive mechanism drives the rolling component through a transmission assembly to drive the rolling frame and the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 inside to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing strong acid cleaning inside the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9.

[0023] In this embodiment, the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 has a hollow cavity structure, and a strong acid cleaning solution needs to be injected into it before cleaning.

[0024] After the drive mechanism outputs power, the power is transmitted to the rolling frame through the transmission component and rolling parts. The superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 rotates synchronously with the rolling frame. The axis of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 is parallel or overlaps with the axis of the rolling parts. During rotation, the strong acid inside flows evenly along the inner wall of the workpiece under the action of gravity and inertia, cleaning it completely, covering all areas of the inner wall of the cavity, completely eliminating the contact blind spots of traditional cleaning methods, removing impurities and contaminants remaining on the inner wall, greatly improving cleanliness, and achieving the purpose of cleaning without dead angles.

[0025] It should be noted that the transmission methods among the rolling components, transmission assemblies, and drive mechanisms include, but are not limited to, belt drives, shaft drives, gear drives, chain drives, and wheel drives, as long as they can ensure that the rolling components rotate around a horizontal axis.

[0026] Understandably, the axis of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 is parallel or overlapped with the axis of the rolling component. When parallel, the rolling component drives the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 to make eccentric motion, which can provide stronger gravity and inertia. However, to ensure more stable operation of the equipment, it is optimal for the axis of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 to overlap with the axis of the rolling component.

[0027] In another embodiment, the rolling component includes at least two annular support members 51 arranged parallel to each other, and the rolling frame further includes a plurality of connecting members 52 connecting the annular support members 51, the connecting members 52 being arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular support members 51.

[0028] It should be noted that the connecting members 52, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the annular support 51, ensure that the structure of the annular support 51 does not deform when it rolls, and together with the two annular support members 51, they form a rigid structure for supporting the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 inside. On the other hand, the arc-shaped contact surface of the annular support 51 connects with the transmission assembly to receive the rotational driving force.

[0029] For example, when installing the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9, due to the structural limitations of this embodiment, sufficient axial operating space needs to be reserved. Then, it is inserted from the end of the rolling frame, that is, the hollow area of ​​the annular support frame. The superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 is connected to the connecting member 52 around its perimeter through multi-link rods and fasteners (not shown), thereby fixing it in the rolling frame.

[0030] For ease of installation, the rolling frame is further described as a split structure, comprising an upper frame portion and a lower frame portion separated along a horizontal plane, wherein the upper frame portion and the lower frame portion are detachably connected; the upper frame portion and the lower frame portion each include at least two semi-circular support members 51 arranged parallel to each other and their corresponding connecting members 52, wherein the two semi-circular support members 51 are spliced ​​together to form the annular support member 51.

[0031] Understandably, by separating the upper and lower frame parts along the horizontal plane, the workpiece can be placed directly on the lower frame part without axially inserting it into the hollow area of ​​the annular support 51, and then the upper frame part can be closed and fixed. There is no need to reserve additional axial space, and the workpiece can be assembled and disassembled smoothly in a narrow working environment, improving the adaptability of the equipment to the usage scenario. On the other hand, the upper and lower frame parts form an integral rolling frame after assembly, and the structural resistance remains unchanged.

[0032] In another embodiment, the transmission assembly includes a support seat disposed on the worktable 1 and a transmission wheel 53 mounted on the support seat, wherein the outer surface of the transmission wheel 53 rolls in contact with the outer surface of the rolling component; the drive mechanism is poweredly connected to the transmission wheel 53 through a transmission connector 54.

[0033] Understandably, the drive mechanism drives the transmission wheel 53 to rotate via the transmission connector 54, thereby causing the rolling component to rotate. More preferably, in conjunction with the previous embodiment, at least one set of transmission wheels 53 is provided, and each set of transmission wheels 53 includes at least two transmission wheels 53, with each transmission wheel 53 corresponding to an annular support member 51.

[0034] To further improve stability during rotation, the remaining support seats and transmission wheels 53 are in contact with the surface of the annular support 51 at intervals. Since the distance between the annular support 51 and the worktable 1 changes in a curve, the specifications of each transmission wheel 53 should also be different, so as to provide support for the annular support 51.

[0035] In another embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a drive motor 55, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a transmission belt. The driving wheel is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 55, and the driven wheel is coaxially arranged with the transmission connector 54. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected by a transmission belt.

[0036] Understandably, two drive wheels 53 located in the same direction can be coaxially connected through a drive connector 54, and the driven wheel is coaxially mounted on the drive connector 54, and then driven by the drive motor 55 through the drive wheels.

[0037] Based on the above embodiments, the proposed rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities involves placing the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 horizontally within the lower frame before cleaning. This is further connected to the upper frame and the upper frame via multi-links and fasteners. The superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 is filled with a strong acid solution and sealed, and can be fitted with flange seals. The drive motor 55 is started, and the driving wheel rotates via a transmission belt, driving the driven wheel and transmission connector 54 (such as a transmission rod) to rotate. This, in turn, drives the transmission wheel 53 to rotate. The transmission wheel 53 is driven by friction against the outer surface of the annular support 51 (such as a rolling ring) of the rolling frame, causing the entire rolling frame and the internal superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 to rotate around their own axis. As the workpiece rotates, the acid solution forms a uniform liquid film flow layer on the inner wall surface of the cavity, continuously cleaning and dissolving surface contaminants.

[0038] It should be noted that the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece side is also equipped with an exhaust valve (shown in the figure) to facilitate acid injection and the discharge of air and mixed gas.

[0039] It should be noted that a lifting pin hole 56 is provided at the outer center of the connecting member 52, with the center of the rolling frame mapped to the center of the outer side.

[0040] After the internal cleaning of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 is completed, the lifting device lifts the rolling frame and the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 by connecting the pin to the pin hole 56 via the pin rod. Then, under the action of external force, the rolling frame and the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 are flipped over, meaning that the axes of the rolling frame and the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 are perpendicular to the ground. Afterwards, the bottom seal of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 is released, and the strong acid solution inside the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 is poured out under the action of gravity.

[0041] Please see Figure 1-4 A dynamic sealing structure for a rotary chemical cleaning device for a superconducting niobium cavity is provided, which is used to dynamically seal the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 in any of the above embodiments. The dynamic sealing structure is disposed at both ends of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9. Includes: a connecting cylinder 61, a bearing housing 62, and a bearing 63 disposed within the bearing housing 62; One end of the connecting cylinder 61 has a connecting part that can be sealed and fitted with the end of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9, and the other end passes through the inner ring of the bearing 63 and extends into the bearing seat 62. The bearing seat 62 is provided with a sealing cavity that fits with the outer circumference of the connecting cylinder 61. A sealing element is provided in the sealing cavity to achieve dynamic sealing between the connecting cylinder 61 and the bearing seat 62. The bearing seat 62 is provided with a detachable sealing cover plate 64 at one end near the sealing cavity. The sealing cover plate 64 is provided with a medium interface that communicates with the connecting cylinder 61 for the injection or discharge of cleaning medium.

[0042] In this embodiment, by sealing one end of the connecting cylinder 61 with the end of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9, while the other end is supported by the bearing 63 for rotation, the cleaning medium can remain sealed in the highly corrosive environment inside the cavity, thereby preventing strong acid leakage and protecting equipment safety. The bearing seat 62 is provided with a sealing cavity and equipped with a removable sealing cover 64, which facilitates the inspection, replacement or maintenance of the sealing elements. A medium interface is provided on the sealing cover 64, which can directly inject or initially discharge the cleaning medium without the need for additional connectors or passage structures. It can also be injected and cleaned simultaneously, improving cleaning efficiency.

[0043] In another embodiment, the sealing cavity is provided with at least one annular sealing groove along the outer periphery of the connecting cylinder 61, and the sealing element includes a corrosion-resistant sealing ring 65 assembled in the sealing groove, wherein the sealing ring 65 and the wall surface of the sealing cavity are interference fit.

[0044] Understandably, the sealing ring 65, made of acid- and corrosion-resistant materials (such as fluororubber sealing rings), can effectively resist the corrosion of strong acid cleaning solutions.

[0045] Furthermore, the bearing housing 62 and the sealing cover 64 can also be made of acid- and corrosion-resistant materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, which has a low coefficient of friction with the sealing ring 65.

[0046] It should be noted that the above content does not limit the fixing method of the bearing housing 62. Ideally, the bearing housing 62 can be fixedly installed. However, since the rolling frame in the above embodiment adopts the transmission method of roller friction, which relies on its own weight to increase the friction, if the bearing housing 62 is fixedly installed on the worktable 1, it will cause cross-interference between the shaft assembly and the rolling frame.

[0047] Therefore, in another embodiment, the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to a connecting ring 66, and a limiting mechanism is provided on the outer side of the connecting ring 66; the limiting mechanism includes a limiting seat and two limiting contact members 67 spaced apart on the limiting seat, and a limiting rod 68 is provided between the two limiting contact members 67 extending downward from the connecting ring 66.

[0048] Understandably, the bearing housing 62 is suspended on the worktable 1 for easy assembly. A limiting rod 68 is positioned between the two limiting contacts 67 to provide the bearing housing 62 with room to rotate as the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 rotates. Since the bearing housing 62 and the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 are essentially connected by a bearing 63, the bearing housing 62 will slowly rotate under the friction of the sealing ring 65 when not under limiting. Providing this space helps prevent the sealing ring 65 from wearing out or failing due to sudden axial movement. After the bearing housing 62 rotates to a certain angle, the limiting rod 68 contacts one of the limiting contacts 67, and the bearing housing stops rotating under the limiting action of this contact.

[0049] In another embodiment, a counterweight frame 69 is also provided on the workbench 1. At least one guide wheel is provided on the top of the counterweight frame 69. The two sides of the guide wheel are connected to the counterweight block 70 and the connecting ring 66 respectively through the two ends of the traction rope.

[0050] Understandably, the tension between the traction rope and the counterweight 70 offsets part of the weight of the connecting ring 66 and one end of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9. The weight of the counterweight 70 is equivalent to the weight of the bearing seat 62, thereby reducing the stress on the bearing 63 and the sealing parts, improving the smoothness of operation, achieving force balance, reducing the motor drive torque requirement, improving drive efficiency, and extending the mechanical life.

[0051] In another embodiment, the top of the counterweight frame 69 is also provided with a cooling water spray pipe 71 corresponding to the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9.

[0052] It should be noted that, for ease of assembly, the counterweight frame 69 and the cooling water spray pipe 71 are both detachable structures.

[0053] Understandably, heat is generated during the strong acid cleaning process. Spray cooling can prevent the seal, bearing 63 and superconducting niobium cavity workpiece 9 from overheating, avoid changes in sealing gaps or structural damage caused by thermal expansion and contraction; it can also reduce the operating temperature of dynamic seal and bearing 63, reduce material aging, and prevent safety hazards caused by acid vaporization or high temperature, thereby improving the safety level of the equipment.

[0054] A rotary chemical cleaning method for superconducting niobium cavities is also proposed, based on a rotary chemical cleaning device and a dynamic sealing structure for superconducting niobium cavities. The method includes: Pretreatment of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece involves degreasing it in a degreasing tank for 15-30 minutes with anhydrous ethanol or a Freon substitute to remove oil and organic residues from the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece; the workpiece must have a resistivity ≥18.2 MΩ. Rinse with ultrapure water for 5-10 minutes and dry with nitrogen gas of ≥99.99% purity; use an ultrasonic thickness gauge to detect the initial wall thickness of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece and use a surface roughness meter to detect the initial roughness of the inner wall of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece. For the assembly of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece, the pre-treated workpiece is placed horizontally inside the lower frame, and the upper frame is closed. The workpiece is then fixed within the rolling frame using multi-links and fasteners. Dynamic sealing structures, including connecting cylinders, bearing seats, sealing rings, and sealing covers, are installed at both ends of the workpiece. After assembly, an airtightness test is performed. Once the airtightness test is passed, the counterweight frame, counterweight blocks, traction rope, and cooling water spray pipe are installed. The initial spray flow rate is set to 5-10 L / min, and the water temperature to 20-25℃.

[0055] To inject the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece with liquid, open the exhaust valve and inject strong acid into the workpiece through the medium interface, ensuring that the acid completely covers the inner wall without any air bubbles when the workpiece rotates. Then close the exhaust valve.

[0056] The superconducting niobium cavity workpiece cleaning process involves setting the initial rotation speed of the rolling frame, the initial cleaning time, and starting the drive mechanism. The etching rate, remaining workpiece wall thickness, niobium ion concentration in the acid solution, acid temperature, rotation speed, and sealing cavity pressure are monitored at preset frequencies to generate monitoring data curves. A dynamic cleaning strategy is implemented based on these curves, including: when the etching rate reaches a threshold indicating excessive speed, the rotation speed is reduced to a first corresponding speed, and the flow rate of the cooling water spray pipe is increased to the corresponding value; when the etching rate reaches a threshold indicating excessive slowness, it is determined whether the niobium ion concentration in the acid solution has reached a preset niobium ion saturation threshold. If so, a corresponding proportion of strong acid solution is replaced through the media interface; otherwise, the rotation speed is increased to a second corresponding speed. The detection frequency and remaining cleaning time are adjusted gradients based on the real-time calculated target remaining etching amount. After the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece is drained and cleaned, the strong acid solution is discharged into the neutralization tank through the medium interface. The rolling frame is then lifted and flipped through the lifting pin hole connected to the lifting device to pour out the residual acid solution.

[0057] In the above embodiments, exemplarily, Set initial rotation speed Set the initial cleaning time , ,in, The target etching amount is set based on the initial detection results, typically 5-10 μm; The preset etching rate, determined based on the acid concentration, is typically 0.5-1 μm / min. During the cleaning process, the following parameters are monitored every 5 minutes to generate a monitoring data curve: The wall thickness at the same location on the workpiece is measured using an ultrasonic thickness gauge to obtain the etching rate. ,in To monitor the interval time; calculate the remaining wall thickness of the workpiece. And compare it in real time with the preset minimum remaining wall thickness. The dissolved components in the acid solution were detected by ion chromatography. The concentration reflects the reactivity of the acid solution. A corrosion-resistant temperature sensor built into the sealing cover provides real-time feedback on the exothermic reaction of the acid. An encoder in the drive mechanism ensures rotational stability. A pressure sensor monitors the pressure in the dynamic sealing area to determine if acid leakage is present.

[0058] Furthermore, when the etching rate >1.2 If the speed is too fast, reduce the rotation speed n to 0.8. .when <0.8 If the etching is too slow, check if the niobium ion concentration in the acid solution is ≥5g / L. If so, drain 50% of the old acid solution through the medium interface, replenish with an equal amount of fresh acid solution, and restore v to 0.8. That's all; if not, increase the rotational speed n to 0.8. .

[0059] The above method achieves uniform cleaning of the inner wall of the superconducting niobium cavity without dead corners, with a surface cleanliness of ≥99.9% and an etching uniformity deviation of ≤±10%, meeting the superconducting performance requirements of the superconducting cavity. Through real-time monitoring and dynamic control of multiple parameters, the etching degree is precisely controlled to avoid structural strength reduction caused by excessive etching or performance degradation caused by incomplete cleaning; the cleaning process is safe and controllable, the dynamic sealing structure and neutralization treatment avoid strong acid leakage and environmental pollution, and the cooling water spray reduces high temperature safety hazards.

[0060] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities, used for cleaning the internal surface of a superconducting niobium cavity workpiece (9), characterized in that, include: Workbench (1); A rolling frame is used to fix the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece (9). A horizontally axial rolling component is provided on the outer periphery. The axis of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece (9) is parallel to or overlaps with the axis of the rolling component. The driving mechanism drives the rolling component via the transmission assembly to drive the rolling frame and the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece (9) inside to rotate synchronously, thereby achieving strong acid cleaning inside the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece (9).

2. The rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rolling component includes at least two parallel annular support members (51), and the rolling frame also includes a plurality of connecting members (52) connecting the annular support members (51), the connecting members (52) being arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular support members (51).

3. The rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rolling frame is a split structure, including an upper frame part and a lower frame part separated along the horizontal plane. The upper frame part and the lower frame part are detachably connected. The upper frame part and the lower frame part each include at least two semi-circular support members (51) arranged in parallel with each other and their corresponding connecting members (52). The two semi-circular support members (51) are spliced ​​together to form the annular support member (51).

4. The rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a support seat disposed on the workbench (1) and a transmission wheel (53) mounted on the support seat. The outer surface of the transmission wheel (53) rolls with the outer surface of the rolling component. The drive mechanism is poweredly connected to the transmission wheel (53) through a transmission connector (54).

5. The rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a drive motor (55), a drive wheel, a driven wheel, and a transmission belt. The drive wheel is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor (55). The driven wheel is coaxially arranged with the transmission connector (54). The drive wheel and the driven wheel are connected by a transmission belt.

6. A dynamic sealing structure for a rotary chemical cleaning device for a superconducting niobium cavity, used for dynamically sealing the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece (9) of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the dynamic sealing structure is disposed at both ends of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece (9), characterized in that, include: Connecting cylinder (61), bearing housing (62) and bearing (63) disposed in bearing housing (62); One end of the connecting cylinder (61) has a connecting part that can be sealed and fitted with the end of the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece (9), and the other end passes through the inner ring of the bearing (63) and extends into the bearing seat (62). The bearing seat (62) is provided with a sealing cavity that fits with the outer circumference of the connecting cylinder (61), and a sealing element is provided in the sealing cavity. The bearing seat (62) is provided with a detachable sealing cover plate (64) at one end near the sealing cavity. The sealing cover plate (64) is provided with a medium interface that communicates with the connecting cylinder (61) for the injection or discharge of cleaning medium.

7. The dynamic sealing structure of the rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities according to claim 6, characterized in that, include: The sealing cavity is provided with at least one annular sealing groove along the outer periphery of the connecting cylinder (61), and the sealing element includes a corrosion-resistant sealing ring (65) assembled in the sealing groove. The sealing ring (65) and the wall surface of the sealing cavity are interference fit.

8. The dynamic sealing structure of the rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer ring of the bearing (63) is fixedly connected to a connecting ring (66), and a limiting mechanism is provided on the outer side of the connecting ring (66). The limiting mechanism includes a limiting seat and two limiting contact pieces (67) spaced apart on the limiting seat. The connecting ring (66) extends downward between the two limiting contact pieces (67) and is provided with a limiting rod (68).

9. The dynamic sealing structure of the rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities according to claim 8, characterized in that, The workbench (1) is also provided with a counterweight frame (69). The top of the counterweight frame (69) is provided with at least one guide wheel. The two sides of the guide wheel are connected to the counterweight block (70) and the connecting ring (66) respectively by the two ends of the traction rope.

10. The dynamic sealing structure of the rotary chemical cleaning device for superconducting niobium cavities according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top of the counterweight frame (69) is also provided with a cooling water spray pipe (71) corresponding to the superconducting niobium cavity workpiece (9).

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