Unpowered air source water drawing device and method applied to arid region

Abstract

The invention provides an unpowered air source water drawing device and method applied to an arid region, a water drawing device body comprises a condensate water collecting cavity located on the lower portion, an air condensation cavity is arranged above the condensate water collecting cavity, and a chimney type air duct is arranged above the air condensation cavity; the condensate water collecting cavity, the air condensing cavity and part of the chimney-shaped air duct are buried in the soil body, and an exhaust port is formed in the top of the chimney-shaped air duct; a photovoltaic PN junction patch for generating current is adhered to the outer wall of the upper part of the chimney-shaped air duct, and is electrically connected with an energy storage device and a refrigeration PN junction patch through a controller; the refrigeration PN junction patch is arranged on the air condensation cavity in a pasted mode and electrically connected with the energy storage device at the same time. An air inlet pipeline is arranged in the air condensation cavity, extends out of the chimney-shaped air duct and is used for introducing air; and a water collecting device is arranged in the condensate water collecting cavity. The device can be used for water drawing operation in the desert environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of desert air-source water extraction technology, and more specifically to a non-powered air-source water extraction device and method for use in arid regions. Background Technology

[0002] With the successful closure of the Taklamakan Desert, a historic shift has been achieved from "desertification advancing and people retreating" to "greening advancing and desertification retreating." Furthermore, with the commencement of construction on a large-scale new energy base in the region's "desert wasteland," the balance of power in the struggle between humanity and the "sea of ​​death" has shifted. As human activity in the desert increases and their activity area gradually expands into the desert, ensuring water supply has become a pressing issue. Currently, water supply in the Taklamakan Desert region mainly relies on mountain meltwater. Due to its limited reach, extracting water from the ground and from the atmosphere has become crucial. Given the harsh desert environment, the existing water extraction technologies are limited in total reserves. Large-scale water extraction from the atmosphere primarily relies on condensation methods, including compression refrigeration, absorption refrigeration, semiconductor refrigeration, and thermoacoustic refrigeration. Compression and absorption refrigeration consume significant power and require mature power supply systems. Thermoacoustic refrigeration is still in its early stages, currently mainly using chip-level refrigeration. Semiconductor refrigeration is currently more suitable as a preliminary water supply station for air-based water extraction in harsh environments, but only a small number of these technologies are currently deployed.

[0003] CN113235696A proposes a biomimetic semiconductor air water collector utilizing adsorption and refrigeration condensation methods. This patent describes a small desert water-collecting device. However, this device requires power and, because it draws water from the air, the water production is unstable due to the influence of the initial air dryness. CN214784378U proposes a solar-powered air water collection device with complementary cyclic adsorption and refrigeration. This device adds a refrigeration cycle system, which improves the refrigeration capacity to some extent, but also increases the size of the device. CN113892421A combines the features of the above two patents, but this device limits the air humidity content, thus limiting the application range of the refrigeration device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the existing technical problems, the main objective of this invention is to provide a non-powered air-source water-drawing device and method applicable to arid regions. This device and method can be used for water-drawing operations in desert environments without the need for additional power, effectively improving water-drawing efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the present invention aims to provide a non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions, comprising a water-drawing device body, the water-drawing device body including a condensate collection chamber located at the bottom, an air condensation chamber disposed above the condensate collection chamber, and a chimney-shaped air duct disposed above the air condensation chamber; the condensate collection chamber, the air condensation chamber, and part of the chimney-shaped air duct are buried inside the soil, and an exhaust port is disposed at the top of the chimney-shaped air duct; A photovoltaic PN junction patch for generating current is attached to the upper outer wall of the chimney-shaped air duct. The photovoltaic PN junction patch is electrically connected to the energy storage device and the cooling PN junction patch through a controller. The cooling PN junction patch is attached to the air condensation chamber and is also electrically connected to the energy storage device. The air condenser chamber has an air intake pipe that extends into a chimney-shaped air duct for introducing air. The condensate collection chamber is equipped with a water collection device.

[0006] Preferably, the chimney-shaped air duct, the air condensing cavity, and the condensate collection cavity are combined to form a gourd-shaped structure, wherein the chimney-shaped air duct is the gourd's mouth structure, the air condensing cavity is the upper part of the gourd structure, and the condensate collection cavity is the lower part of the gourd structure.

[0007] Preferably, the air intake pipe has an air inlet at one end extending into the chimney-shaped air duct, and an air filter for filtering sand is installed inside the air inlet; a hot air outlet is provided at one end of the air intake pipe located in the air condensation chamber, and the hot air outlet is located directly above the flow guide component, which is located at the junction of the condensate collection chamber and the air condensation chamber, and a flow channel is provided on the flow guide component to allow condensate to enter the condensate collection chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the airflow guiding component is in the form of a cone, with the top of the cone facing upwards and directly opposite the hot air outlet.

[0009] Preferably, the water collection device includes a condensate drain outlet located at the bottom of the condensate collection chamber, and a submersible pump and a water filter are installed at the location of the condensate drain outlet. The submersible pump is connected to the condensate drain pipe and is used to discharge the collected water.

[0010] Preferably, the condensate collection chamber is equipped with a water level gauge for monitoring the liquid level. The water level gauge is connected to the signal input terminal of the controller via a signal line. The signal output terminal of the controller is connected to the submersible pump, and the submersible pump is controlled to start drainage when the water level is too high.

[0011] Preferably, the photovoltaic PN junction patch includes a photovoltaic negative electrode plate on the surface, and inside the photovoltaic negative electrode plate are, in sequence, a photovoltaic N-type material layer, a photovoltaic P-type material layer, a photovoltaic positive electrode plate, and a light-resistant and heat-resistant colloid layer. The photovoltaic PN junction patch is laid on the chimney-shaped air duct through the light-resistant and heat-resistant colloid layer.

[0012] Preferably, the cooling PN junction patch includes a cooling N-type material layer, a cooling P-type material layer, a hot-end metal conductive layer, a cold-end metal conductive layer, a thermally conductive insulating ceramic layer, a thermally conductive reinforced substrate, a low-temperature resistant colloid layer, and silicon carbide thermally conductive reinforced fins. The cooling PN junction patch is divided into two parts: the part with the cooling N-type material layer and the cooling P-type material layer is attached to the inner wall of the air condensation cavity through the low-temperature resistant colloid layer, and the remaining part is attached to the outer wall of the air condensation cavity through the low-temperature resistant colloid layer.

[0013] Preferably, the silicon carbide thermally enhanced fins are cylindrical or plate-shaped.

[0014] Preferably, an exhaust fan is provided at the exhaust port.

[0015] Preferably, a one-way valve is provided at the location of the flow channel of the flow guiding component.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention provides a water-drawing method for a non-powered air-source water-drawing device applied in arid regions, comprising the following steps: Daytime operation: Light radiation on the photovoltaic PN junction patch generates an electric potential. Part of the electrical energy is distributed by the controller to the cooling PN junction patch, and the remaining electrical energy is distributed by the controller to the energy storage device. The generated waste heat is conducted through the light-resistant and heat-resistant colloidal layer of the photovoltaic PN junction patch to the chimney-shaped air duct in the water-drawing device body. In addition, the heat generated by the light shining on the chimney-shaped air duct in the water-drawing device body heats the air inside and produces a heat chimney effect. Nighttime operation: At night, the energy storage device drives the exhaust fan at the exhaust port of the water-drawing device to drive the airflow. Due to the heat-chimney effect, hot air enters from the air inlet of the water-drawing device, exchanges heat through the air intake pipe, and returns the heat to the low-temperature air between the chimney-shaped air duct and the air intake pipe. Then, it is discharged through the hot air outlet and enters the air condensation chamber. Then, through the action of the guide component, the hot air is disturbed below the air condensation chamber and turns upward along the air condensation chamber. During this process, it comes into contact with the cooling PN junction patch attached to the inner wall of the air condensation chamber and condenses. At this time, the heat is absorbed by the cooling PN junction patch and discharged into the soil through the air condensation chamber shell and the heat dissipation part of the cooling PN junction patch. The condensed and dried cold air continues to move upward. When it flows through the outer wall of the air intake pipe, it absorbs heat and is preheated. Then, it is further heated in the upper part of the chimney-shaped air duct, thereby reducing the density and forming driving force. Finally, it is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port. The condensate that is deposited at the PN junction of the cooling device enters the condensate collection chamber through the flow channel on the guide component; The controller displays the water level via a water level gauge and drains the condensate through a submersible pump at the condensate drain outlet via the condensate drain pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the difference between daytime and nighttime operation is as follows: During the day, sunlight shines on the photovoltaic PN junction patch, creating a potential difference between the photovoltaic N-type material layer and the photovoltaic P-type material layer. The current is conducted through the photovoltaic negative plate and the photovoltaic positive plate, and then, through the controller, part of the current flows into the energy storage device for storage, while the other part flows into the cooling PN junction patch to drive the cooling N-type material and cooling P-type material in the cooling PN junction patch to achieve cooling in conjunction with the hot-end metal conductive layer and the cold-end metal conductive layer. The thermally conductive insulating ceramic layer, the thermally conductive reinforced substrate, the low-temperature resistant colloidal layer, and the silicon carbide thermally conductive reinforced fins assist in completing the heat conduction and heat dissipation. At night, the energy storage device drives the cooling N-type and cooling P-type materials of the cooling PN junction patch to cool the system, and drives the fan at the exhaust port to allow air to enter the system smoothly.

[0018] Preferably, a one-way valve is provided between the flow channels of the flow guiding component, or the flow guiding component is designed as a dynamic structure to avoid secondary evaporation of condensate.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The gourd nozzle of this invention is mainly placed on the ground surface to absorb sunlight and heat the air inside it, and uses the heat pipe effect to drive the airflow. At night, it is driven by a fan to save energy. The gourd waist separates the upper and lower parts of the gourd through the flow guiding component, which can realize the automatic separation of the cooling system of the water making device to avoid secondary evaporation.

[0020] 2. The system of the present invention does not require a special power supply. A portion of the light can be absorbed by the PN junction on the surface of the nozzle structure to generate an electric potential, and the waste heat is absorbed by the nozzle structure to become the power source for gas flow, so as to realize the cascade utilization of light energy.

[0021] 3. Compared with other related technologies, this invention utilizes the characteristics that the soil background temperature is much lower than the air temperature and the soil background specific heat capacity is much higher than the air specific heat capacity, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the PN junction patch based on the Patel effect. Furthermore, the slow heating of the soil background temperature enhances the pot lid effect, and the replenishment of groundwater slowly improves the moisture content of the surface soil.

[0022] 4. On the one hand, the fluctuation of light resources can be absorbed by the internal energy storage of the battery. On the other hand, the heat recovery function can reduce the temperature difference between the air intake and the final air output, saving energy. In addition, the device can continue to work at night, with higher working efficiency at night and higher overall utilization rate of the device.

[0023] 5. The air inlet facilitates the introduction of hot air into the air intake pipe and finally into the air condensation chamber. The air filter can filter out sand and dirt in the air, effectively preventing pipe blockage.

[0024] 6. The aforementioned guide components facilitate the flow of hot air and condensate, thereby directing the condensate into the condensate collection chamber.

[0025] 7. The aforementioned airflow guiding components can guide hot air to the inner wall of the air condensing chamber, thereby increasing the condensation area, ensuring the condensation effect, and improving the condensation efficiency.

[0026] 8. A submersible pump allows for automatic water extraction and discharge when the water level is too high. A water filter facilitates water filtration to prevent clogging.

[0027] 9. The water level gauge described above can be used to monitor the water level in the condensate collection chamber. When the water level is too high, the submersible pump will be automatically controlled to drain the water. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the cooling PN junction patch and the photovoltaic PN junction patch of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Soil; 2. Water intake device body; 3. Cooling PN junction patch; 4. Photovoltaic PN junction patch; 5. Energy storage device; Exhaust port 201, chimney-shaped air duct 202, air inlet 203, air intake pipe 204, air condensation chamber 205, hot air outlet 206, flow guiding component 207, condensate collection chamber 208, condensate drain outlet 209, condensate drain pipe 210, water level gauge 211, controller 212; 301. Cooling N-type material, 302. Cooling P-type material, 303. Hot end metal conductive layer, 304. Cold end metal conductive layer, 305. Thermally conductive insulating ceramic layer, 306. Thermally conductive reinforced substrate, 307. Low temperature resistant colloidal layer, 308. Silicon carbide thermally conductive reinforced fins. Photovoltaic negative electrode plate 401, photovoltaic N-type material layer 402, photovoltaic P-type material layer 403, photovoltaic positive electrode plate 404, light-resistant and heat-resistant colloidal layer 405. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Example 1: See Figure 1-2 A non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions includes a water-drawing device body 2. The water-drawing device body 2 includes a condensate collection chamber 208 located at the bottom, an air condensation chamber 205 located above the condensate collection chamber 208, and a chimney-shaped air duct 202 located above the air condensation chamber 205. The condensate collection chamber 208, the air condensation chamber 205, and part of the chimney-shaped air duct 202 are buried inside the soil 1. An exhaust port 201 is located at the top of the chimney-shaped air duct 202. A photovoltaic PN junction patch 4 for generating current is attached to the upper outer wall of channel 202. The photovoltaic PN junction patch 4 is electrically connected to the energy storage device 5 and the cooling PN junction patch 3 through the controller 212. The cooling PN junction patch 3 is attached to the air condensation chamber 205 and is also electrically connected to the energy storage device 5. An air intake pipe 204 extends into a chimney-shaped air duct 202 inside the air condensation chamber 205 for introducing air. A water collection device is installed inside the condensate collection chamber 208. By adopting the above-mentioned air source water collection device, the airflow can be effectively driven by the chimney effect to save energy. It also takes advantage of the fact that the soil background temperature is much lower than the air temperature and the soil background specific heat capacity is much higher than the air specific heat capacity, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the cooling PN junction patch based on the Patel effect, and thus achieving the purpose of water collection.

[0034] Furthermore, the chimney-shaped air duct 202, the air condensing chamber 205, and the condensate collection chamber 208 together form a gourd-shaped structure, wherein the chimney-shaped air duct 202 is the gourd's spout, the air condensing chamber 205 is the upper part of the gourd, and the condensate collection chamber 208 is the lower part of the gourd. This gourd-shaped structure enables integrated condensation and water collection, and the gourd-shaped waist structure effectively prevents evaporation. In actual operation, after hot air enters the air condensing chamber 205 for condensation, the condensate is collected in the condensate collection chamber 208.

[0035] Furthermore, the air intake duct 204 is provided with an air inlet 203 at one end extending into the chimney-shaped air duct 202, and an air filter for filtering sand and soil is provided inside the air inlet 203. The air inlet 203 facilitates the introduction of hot air into the air intake duct 204, and finally into the air condensation chamber 205. The air filter can filter sand and soil in the air, effectively preventing duct blockage.

[0036] Furthermore, a hot air outlet 206 is provided at one end of the air intake pipe 204 located in the air condensation chamber 205. The hot air outlet 206 is positioned directly above the flow guide component 207, which is located at the junction of the condensate collection chamber 208 and the air condensation chamber 205. The flow guide component 207 has a flow channel to allow condensate to enter the condensate collection chamber 208. Through the aforementioned flow guide component 207, hot air is guided while condensate is also guided, thus directing the condensate into the condensate collection chamber 208.

[0037] Furthermore, the flow guiding component 207 has a conical structure, with the top of the cone facing upwards and directly opposite the hot air outlet 206. The flow guiding component 207 directs the hot air to the inner wall of the air condensation chamber 205, thereby increasing the condensation area, ensuring the condensation effect, and improving condensation efficiency.

[0038] Furthermore, the water collection device includes a condensate drain outlet 209 located at the bottom of the condensate collection chamber 208. A submersible pump and a water filter are installed at the condensate drain outlet 209. The submersible pump is connected to the condensate drain pipe 210 and is used to discharge the collected water. This water collection device facilitates the collection of condensate. The submersible pump allows for automatic pumping and discharge of water when the water level is too high. The water filter facilitates water filtration to prevent clogging.

[0039] Furthermore, the condensate collection chamber 208 is equipped with a water level gauge 211 for monitoring the liquid level. The water level gauge 211 is connected to the signal input terminal of the controller 212 via a signal line. The signal output terminal of the controller 212 is connected to a submersible pump, and the controller starts the submersible pump to drain water when the water level is too high. By using the water level gauge 211, the water level in the condensate collection chamber 208 can be monitored, and when the water level is too high, the submersible pump will be automatically controlled to drain water.

[0040] Furthermore, the photovoltaic PN junction patch 4 includes a photovoltaic negative electrode plate 401 on the surface. Inside the photovoltaic negative electrode plate 401, there are, in sequence, a photovoltaic N-type material layer 402, a photovoltaic P-type material layer 403, a photovoltaic positive electrode plate 404, and a light- and heat-resistant colloid layer 405. The photovoltaic PN junction patch 4 is laid on the chimney-shaped air duct 202 through the light- and heat-resistant colloid layer 405. Through the photovoltaic PN junction patch 4, a potential difference is formed on both sides of the photovoltaic N-type material layer 402 and the photovoltaic P-type material layer 403. Through the controller 212, part of the current flows into the energy storage device 5 for storage, and the other part flows into the cooling PN junction patch 3 for cooling.

[0041] Furthermore, through the aforementioned energy storage device 5, at night, the energy storage device 5 drives the cooling PN junction patch 3 to perform cooling on the one hand, and drives the fan configured at the exhaust port 201 on the other hand, so that air can smoothly enter the system.

[0042] Furthermore, the cooling PN junction patch 3 includes a cooling N-type material layer 301, a cooling P-type material layer 302, a hot-end conductive metal layer 303, a cold-end conductive metal layer 304, a thermally conductive insulating ceramic layer 305, a thermally conductive reinforced substrate 306, a low-temperature resistant colloidal layer 307, and silicon carbide thermally conductive reinforced fins 308. The cooling PN junction patch 3 is divided into two parts: the part with the cooling N-type material layer 301 and the cooling P-type material layer 302 is attached to the inner wall of the air condensation cavity 205 via the low-temperature resistant colloidal layer 307, and the remaining part is attached to the outer wall of the air condensation cavity 205 via the low-temperature resistant colloidal layer 307. The cooling PN junction patch 3 enables cooling of the air condensation cavity 205, thereby achieving air condensation.

[0043] Furthermore, the silicon carbide thermally enhanced fins 308 are cylindrical or plate-shaped. This allows for selection based on specific needs, thereby enhancing their applicability.

[0044] Furthermore, an induced draft fan is installed at the exhaust port 201. By installing the induced draft fan, heat exchange occurs in the system's inlet and outlet air channels, similar to the function of a regenerator. Battery energy storage is added between the PN junction patch utilizing photovoltaic principles and the PN junction patch based on the Patek effect for cooling, thereby ensuring the nighttime operation of the water purification system.

[0045] Furthermore, a one-way valve is installed at the location of the flow channel of the flow guide component 207. The one-way valve is used to prevent the evaporation of moisture.

[0046] Example 2: Another aspect of the present invention provides a water-drawing method for a non-powered air-source water-drawing device applied in arid regions, comprising the following steps: Daytime operation: Light radiation on the photovoltaic PN junction patch 4 generates an electric potential. Part of the electrical energy is distributed by the controller 212 into the cooling PN junction patch 3, and the remaining electrical energy is distributed by the controller 212 into the energy storage device 5. The generated waste heat is conducted through the light-resistant and heat-resistant colloidal layer 405 of the photovoltaic PN junction patch 4 to the chimney-shaped air duct 202 in the water-drawing device body 2. In addition, the heat generated by the light shining on the chimney-shaped air duct 202 in the water-drawing device body 2 heats the air inside and causes a heat chimney effect. Nighttime operation: At night, the energy storage device 5 drives the exhaust fan at the exhaust port 201 of the water-drawing device body 2 to drive the airflow. Due to the heat-chimney effect, hot air enters from the air inlet 203 of the water-drawing device body 2, exchanges heat through the air intake pipe 204, and returns the heat to the low-temperature air between the chimney-shaped air duct 202 and the air intake pipe 204. Then, it is discharged through the hot air outlet 206 and enters the air condensing chamber 205. Then, through the action of the guide component 207, the hot air is disturbed below the air condensing chamber 205 and rises along the air condensing chamber 205. The air returns to its original position, and during this process, it comes into contact with the cooling PN junction patch 3 attached to the inner wall of the air condensing chamber 205, where the cooling part condenses. At this time, the heat is absorbed by the cooling PN junction patch 3 and discharged to the soil 1 through the shell of the air condensing chamber 205 and the heat dissipation part of the cooling PN junction patch 3. The cold air, after being dried by condensation, continues to move upward. When it flows through the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 204, it absorbs heat and is preheated. Then, it is further heated in the upper part of the chimney-shaped air duct 202, which reduces the density and forms driving force. Finally, it is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 201. The condensate precipitated at the 3rd PN junction of the cooling system enters the condensate collection chamber 208 through the flow channel on the guide component 207. The controller 212 displays the water level through the water level gauge 211 and drains water through the condensate drain pipe 210 via the submersible pump at the condensate drain outlet 209.

[0047] Furthermore, the differences in operation during the day and night: During the day, sunlight shines on the photovoltaic PN junction patch 4, creating a potential difference between the photovoltaic N-type material layer 402 and the photovoltaic P-type material layer 403 in the photovoltaic PN junction patch 4. After the current is conducted through the photovoltaic negative plate 401 and the photovoltaic positive plate 404, it is transmitted through the controller 212. Part of the current flows into the energy storage device 5 for storage, and the other part flows into the cooling PN junction patch 3 to drive the cooling N-type material 301 and the cooling P-type material 302 in the cooling PN junction patch 3 to work with the hot end metal conductive layer 303 and the cold end metal conductive layer 304 to achieve cooling. The thermally conductive insulating ceramic layer 305, the thermally conductive reinforced substrate 306, the low-temperature resistant colloidal layer 307, and the silicon carbide thermally conductive reinforced fins 308 assist in completing heat conduction and heat dissipation. At night, the energy storage device 5 drives the cooling N-type material 301 and cooling P-type material 302 of the cooling PN junction patch 3 to cool, and drives the fan configured at the exhaust port 201 to allow air to enter the system smoothly.

[0048] Furthermore, a one-way valve is provided between the flow channels of the flow guide component 207 or the flow guide component 207 is designed as a dynamic structure to avoid secondary evaporation of condensate.

[0049] Working principle of this invention: In fact, soil in arid environments has a certain water retention capacity. In deserts, a phenomenon similar to the "pot lid effect" occurs, where the soil surface becomes damp at night. This phenomenon can be used to draw water urgently or gradually accumulate water in arid or semi-arid environments. Furthermore, this water-drawing device and method mainly rely on the fact that the highest temperature in the desert can exceed 50°C and the relative humidity can be below 20%. Under such extremely arid conditions, especially when the air dew point temperature in the desert can be below 20°C or even below 17°C, while the surface temperature can reach 70°C, this temperature difference has reached the limit of existing Patel effect refrigeration materials. Under such harsh conditions, the refrigeration efficiency will be greatly reduced and the refrigeration power consumption will be greatly increased.

[0050] Advantages of this invention: 1. The present invention designs a gourd-shaped air-source water-drawing device, which mainly consists of a chimney-like structure similar to the mouth of a gourd, a main cooling cavity similar to the upper part of a gourd, a main water-collecting cavity similar to the lower part of a gourd, and the connection between the two parts similar to the waist of a gourd.

[0051] 2. This invention designs a photovoltaic-driven automatic cooling system, wherein a PN junction patch utilizing photovoltaic principles is attached to the surface of the nozzle.

[0052] 3. This invention designs a photovoltaic-driven automatic cooling system, wherein the hot end of the PN junction patch based on the Patel effect cooling is attached to the inner surface of the gourd.

[0053] 4. Furthermore, the present invention adds an induced draft fan to the reed nozzle, and performs heat exchange in the air inlet and outlet channels of the system, similar to the function of a regenerator. Battery energy storage is added between the PN junction patch utilizing the photovoltaic principle and the PN junction patch based on the Patek effect for cooling, so as to ensure the nighttime operation of the water production system.

Claims

1. A non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions, characterized in that, The device includes a water-drawing device body (2), which includes a condensate collection chamber (208) located at the bottom, an air condensation chamber (205) above the condensate collection chamber (208), and a chimney-shaped air duct (202) above the air condensation chamber (205). The condensate collection chamber (208), the air condensation chamber (205), and part of the chimney-shaped air duct (202) are buried inside the soil (1), and an exhaust port (201) is provided at the top of the chimney-shaped air duct (202). A photovoltaic PN junction patch (4) for generating current is attached to the upper outer wall of the chimney-type air duct (202). The photovoltaic PN junction patch (4) is electrically connected to the energy storage device (5) and the cooling PN junction patch (3) through the controller (212). The cooling PN junction patch (3) is attached to the air condensation cavity (205), and the cooling PN junction patch (3) is also electrically connected to the energy storage device (5); The air condensation chamber (205) is provided with an air inlet pipe (204) extending into a chimney-shaped air duct (202) for introducing air; The condensate collection chamber (208) is equipped with a water collection device.

2. The non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chimney-shaped air duct (202), the air condensing chamber (205), and the condensate collection chamber (208) together form a gourd-shaped structure, wherein the chimney-shaped air duct (202) is the gourd's mouth structure, the air condensing chamber (205) is the upper belly structure of the gourd, and the condensate collection chamber (208) is the lower belly structure of the gourd.

3. The non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake pipe (204) has an air inlet (203) at one end extending into the chimney-shaped air duct (202), and an air filter for filtering sand is installed inside the air inlet (203); the air intake pipe (204) has a hot air outlet (206) at one end of the air condensing chamber (205), the hot air outlet (206) is located directly above the flow guide (207), the flow guide (207) is located at the junction of the condensate collection chamber (208) and the air condensing chamber (205), and a flow channel is provided on the flow guide (207) so that condensate enters the condensate collection chamber (208).

4. The non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The airflow guiding component (207) has a conical structure with the top of the cone facing upwards and directly opposite the hot air outlet (206).

5. The non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water collection device includes a condensate drain outlet (209) located at the bottom of the condensate collection chamber (208). A submersible pump and a water filter are installed at the location of the condensate drain outlet (209). The submersible pump is connected to the condensate drain pipe (210) and is used to discharge the collected water.

6. The non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The condensate collection chamber (208) is equipped with a water level gauge (211) for monitoring the liquid level. The water level gauge (211) is connected to the signal input terminal of the controller (212) via a signal line. The signal output terminal of the controller (212) is connected to the submersible pump and controls the submersible pump to start drainage when the water level is too high.

7. The non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic PN junction patch (4) includes a photovoltaic negative electrode plate (401) on the surface. Inside the photovoltaic negative electrode plate (401) are a photovoltaic N-type material layer (402), a photovoltaic P-type material layer (403), a photovoltaic positive electrode plate (404), and a light-resistant and heat-resistant colloid layer (405). The photovoltaic PN junction patch (4) is laid on the chimney-type air duct (202) through the light-resistant and heat-resistant colloid layer (405).

8. The non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling PN junction patch (3) includes a cooling N-type material layer (301), a cooling P-type material layer (302), a hot-end metal conductive layer (303), a cold-end metal conductive layer (304), a thermally conductive insulating ceramic layer (305), a thermally conductive reinforced substrate (306), a low-temperature resistant colloid layer (307), and a silicon carbide thermally conductive reinforced fin (308). The cooling PN junction patch (3) is divided into two parts. The part with the cooling N-type material layer (301) and the cooling P-type material layer (302) is attached to the inner wall of the air condensing cavity (205) through the low-temperature resistant colloid layer (307), and the remaining part is attached to the outer wall of the air condensing cavity (205) through the low-temperature resistant colloid layer (307).

9. The non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions according to claim 8, characterized in that, The silicon carbide thermally enhanced fins (308) are cylindrical or plate-shaped.

10. The non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions according to claim 8, characterized in that, An induced draft fan is installed at the exhaust port (201).

11. The non-powered air-source water-drawing device for use in arid regions according to claim 8, characterized in that, A one-way valve is installed at the location of the flow channel of the flow guide component (207).

12. A water-drawing method for a non-powered air-source water-drawing device applied in arid regions, as described in any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Daytime operation: Light radiation on the photovoltaic PN junction patch (4) generates an electric potential. Part of the electrical energy is distributed by the controller (212) into the cooling PN junction patch (3), and the remaining electrical energy is distributed by the controller (212) into the energy storage device (5). The waste heat generated is conducted through the light-resistant and heat-resistant colloidal layer (405) of the photovoltaic PN junction patch (4) to the chimney-shaped air duct (202) in the water-drawing device body (2). In addition, the heat generated by the light shining on the chimney-shaped air duct (202) in the water-drawing device body (2) heats the air inside and causes a heat chimney effect. Nighttime operation: At night, the energy storage device (5) drives the exhaust fan at the exhaust port (201) of the water-drawing device body (2) to drive the airflow. Due to the heat chimney effect, hot air enters from the air inlet (203) of the water-drawing device body (2), exchanges heat through the air intake pipe (204), and returns the heat to the low-temperature air between the chimney-type air duct (202) and the air intake pipe (204). Then it is discharged through the hot air outlet (206) and enters the air condensing chamber (205). Then, through the action of the guide component (207), the hot air is disturbed below the air condensing chamber (205) and flows along the air condensing chamber (205). 5) The air folds upwards and in this process, it comes into contact with the cooling PN junction patch (3) attached to the inner wall of the air condensing chamber (205) and the cooling part condenses. At this time, the heat is absorbed by the cooling PN junction patch (3) and discharged to the soil (1) through the heat dissipation part of the air condensing chamber (205) shell and the cooling PN junction patch (3). The cold air after condensation and drying continues to move upwards. When it flows through the outer wall of the air inlet pipe (204), it absorbs heat and preheats. Then it is further heated in the upper part of the chimney-type air duct (202), thereby reducing the density and forming driving force. Finally, it is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port (201). The condensate that is deposited at the refrigeration PN junction patch (3) enters the condensate collection chamber (208) through the flow channel on the guide component (207). The controller (212) displays the water level through the water level gauge (211) and drains water through the condensate drain pipe (210) via the submersible pump at the condensate drain outlet (209).

13. The water-drawing method of the non-powered air-source water-drawing device applied in arid areas according to claim 12, characterized in that, Differences in operation between day and night: During the day, sunlight shines on the photovoltaic PN junction patch (4), causing a potential difference to be formed on both sides of the photovoltaic N-type material layer (402) and photovoltaic P-type material layer (403) in the photovoltaic PN junction patch (4). After the current is led out through the photovoltaic negative plate (401) and photovoltaic positive plate (404), through the controller (212), part of the current flows into the energy storage device (5) for storage, and the other part flows into the cooling PN junction patch (3) to drive the cooling N-type material (301) and cooling P-type material (302) in the cooling PN junction patch (3) to achieve cooling in conjunction with the hot end metal conductive layer (303) and cold end metal conductive layer (304). The thermally conductive insulating ceramic layer (305), the thermally conductive reinforced substrate (306), the low-temperature resistant colloidal layer (307), and the silicon carbide thermally conductive reinforced fins (308) assist in completing heat conduction and heat dissipation. At night, the energy storage device (5) drives the cooling N-type material (301) and cooling P-type material (302) of the cooling PN junction patch (3) to cool, and drives the fan configured at the exhaust port (201) to allow air to enter the system smoothly.

14. The water-drawing method of the non-powered air-source water-drawing device applied in arid areas according to claim 12, characterized in that, A one-way valve is installed between the flow channels of the flow guide component (207) or the flow guide component (207) is designed as a dynamic structure to avoid secondary evaporation of condensate.

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