Large-span laminated slab formwork structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a large-span laminated slab formwork structure and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of laminated slab formwork structures, the large-span laminated slab formwork structure comprises an aluminum alloy through groove keel, and a sliding groove is formed in the keel; the stone upper opening hanging piece and the stone lower opening hanging piece are configured to be adjustably installed in the sliding groove of the aluminum alloy through groove keel; the first stone back bolt hanging piece and the second stone back bolt hanging piece are respectively used for connecting the stone upper opening hanging piece and the stone lower opening hanging piece with the laminated slab; fixing bolt holes are formed in the stone upper opening hanging piece and the stone lower opening hanging piece and used for locking the positions of the hanging pieces in the sliding grooves; an adjusting bolt hole is formed in the stone lower opening hanging piece; an adjusting bolt is further included, and the adjusting bolt penetrates through the adjusting bolt hole. The sliding groove adjusting bolt, the stone upper opening hanging piece adjusting bolt and the stone lower opening hanging piece adjusting bolt are arranged, and rapid and large-range horizontal adjustment of the position of a supporting point is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of composite slab formwork structure technology, and in particular to large-span composite slab formwork structures and construction methods. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industrialized construction, precast composite slabs, as a highly efficient building component, are widely used in cast-in-place concrete floor slabs and wall structures. They serve as both a permanent part of the structure and as formwork during the construction phase. Therefore, the precision of composite slab installation, especially its elevation, flatness, and spatial positioning, plays a decisive role in the subsequent concrete pouring and the final quality of the overall building. A formwork support system capable of enabling rapid and precise installation of composite slabs is a key technical requirement for ensuring construction quality and accelerating project progress, directly impacting the building's safety and functionality.

[0003] To facilitate the installation of composite slabs, existing technologies offer several solutions. One common technique involves using traditional scaffolding or independent support systems, upon which steel or wooden load-bearing main and secondary beams are erected to form a stable load-bearing platform. This approach offers advantages such as simple structure, versatile materials, relatively low cost, and the ability to provide reliable foundation load-bearing capacity for the composite slabs. Another technique, aimed at improving efficiency, utilizes pre-calculated and fixed connectors on the main structure to achieve rapid alignment and assembly of the composite slabs. Its design aims to simplify on-site operations and achieve standardized, rapid installation.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies all have inherent defects that are difficult to overcome in practical applications, and these defects are precisely the problems that this invention aims to solve. First, for technologies using traditional load-bearing platforms, although their structure is simple and stable, they completely lack precise adjustment mechanisms. After the composite slabs are hoisted into place, all fine-tuning requires repeated, non-quantitative manual operations by workers using tools such as pry bars and shims. This not only leads to low installation accuracy and frequent misalignment between slabs, but is also extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive, seriously affecting construction efficiency. Second, for fixed connection point technologies that pursue rapid alignment, they rely excessively on the accuracy of theoretical calculations, completely ignoring the inevitable cumulative errors in building construction. Once there is a slight deviation in the main structure or the composite slab itself, the connection points will not be aligned, which not only fails to achieve rapid installation, but also requires secondary destructive correction of the main structure, seriously affecting the flexibility and error tolerance of construction. Therefore, existing technologies cannot simultaneously achieve ease of installation, adaptability, and high-precision adjustment capabilities.

[0005] In response to the aforementioned technologies, we provide a formwork structure and construction method for large-span composite slabs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a formwork structure and construction method for large-span composite slabs, aiming to improve the existing composite slab installation technology, which either relies on inefficient and inaccurate manual adjustment or uses rigid fixed connections that cannot adapt to construction errors, making it difficult to balance the convenience of installation with the final positioning accuracy.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a large-span composite slab formwork structure, comprising: Aluminum alloy through-groove keel, wherein the keel is provided with a sliding groove; Stone upper and lower hanging parts, the hanging parts being configured to be adjustablely installed in the grooves of the aluminum alloy through-groove keel; The first stone back bolt bracket and the second stone back bolt bracket are used to connect the upper stone bracket and the lower stone bracket to the composite plate, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the upper and lower stone hanging parts are provided with fixing bolt holes for locking the position of the hanging parts in the groove.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end of the stone fitting is provided with an adjusting bolt hole.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes an adjusting bolt, which passes through the adjusting bolt hole and is used to precisely adjust the vertical or horizontal position of the stone lower hanging part.

[0011] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the groove matches the slider portion of the upper and lower stone hanging parts to achieve smooth sliding and effective load-bearing.

[0012] Preferably, the first stone back bolt is used to bear the upper load of the composite slab and transfer it to the stone upper opening bolt.

[0013] Preferably, the second stone back bolt is used to bear the lower load of the composite slab and transfer it to the lower stone hanging member.

[0014] Preferably, the second stone back bolt is used to bear the lower load of the composite slab and transfer it to the lower stone hanging member.

[0015] Preferably, the second stone back bolt is used to bear the lower load of the composite slab and transfer it to the lower stone hanging member.

[0016] The construction method for large-span composite slab formwork structures includes the following steps: S1. Install aluminum alloy through-slot keel on the support system; S2. Insert the upper and lower stone hanging parts into the grooves of the aluminum alloy through-groove keel through their slider parts; S3. Connect the composite slab to be installed to the first stone back bolt bracket and the second stone back bolt bracket respectively through its preset connection points. S4. Hoist the composite slab to the design position and make fine adjustments to the lower hanging parts of the stone by adjusting the bolts to accurately control the elevation and flatness of the composite slab; S5. Secure all the hanging parts to the aluminum alloy through-slot keel through the fixing bolt holes to complete the construction of the formwork structure.

[0017] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application, through the set sliding groove, allows the upper and lower stone hanging parts to slide freely along their length, providing the ability to quickly and extensively adjust the horizontal position of the support points; by adding adjusting bolts to the lower stone hanging part, a controllable, millimeter-level vertical position fine-tuning method is provided. This mode of combining horizontal coarse adjustment and vertical fine adjustment can accurately control the elevation, flatness, and verticality of the composite slab in three-dimensional space; fundamentally changing the situation of traditional installation methods that rely on tools such as pry bars and shims for non-quantitative coarse adjustments and have difficulty guaranteeing accuracy, effectively avoiding the problems of misalignment between panels and uneven surfaces, thereby ensuring the geometric accuracy and visual quality of the final formed wall surface; 2. This application features clear installation steps and convenient operation. Utilizing sliding tracks, construction workers can pre-install the hangers onto the aluminum alloy through-slot keel on the ground and quickly slide them into position after the composite slab is hoisted into place. This avoids the tedious procedures of repeated measurement, drilling, welding, or fixing of connectors in traditional methods. The entire process breaks down the complex positioning and adjustment work into two simple mechanical operations: sliding hangers and rotating bolts. This greatly reduces the reliance on experience among on-site workers, not only reducing the complexity and operation time of high-altitude operations but also accelerating the installation speed of individual composite slabs, thereby effectively shortening the overall construction cycle. 3. This application constructs a clear and reliable load transfer path from the composite slab to the back bolt brackets, then to the load-bearing brackets, and finally to the aluminum alloy through-slot keel. All load-bearing components are made of high-strength materials to ensure load-bearing capacity and are finally locked through fixing bolt holes, making the entire formwork system a rigid whole, ensuring its stability and no deformation when bearing heavy loads such as concrete pouring. At the same time, the lightweight characteristics of the aluminum alloy through-slot keel, as the main skeleton, reduce the labor intensity of transportation and on-site installation; its excellent corrosion resistance ensures that the components can be reused multiple times, reducing the one-time material input and loss of the project, and making the system have significant long-term economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the large-span composite slab formwork structure and construction method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the large-span composite slab formwork structure and construction method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the large-span composite slab formwork structure and construction method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Stone upper edge hanger; 2. First stone back bolt hanger; 3. Adjusting bolt hole; 4. Fixing bolt hole; 5. Aluminum alloy through-groove keel; 6. Slide groove; 7. Stone lower edge hanger; 8. Adjusting bolt; 9. Second stone back bolt hanger. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 Large-span composite slab formwork structure, including: 5. Aluminum alloy through-groove keel, with a sliding groove 6 on the keel; In practical construction applications, the aluminum alloy through-groove keel 5 is first installed and fixed to the support system below. Its main function is to provide a uniform, continuous, and stable installation base for all the hangers used to support the composite slab. It serves as the main load transfer path, safely and centrally transferring the self-weight of the composite slab and the weight of the subsequent cast-in-place concrete to the main support structure through the hanger system, thus laying the foundation for the structural stability of the entire system. The sliding groove 6 on the keel 5 provides a crucial adjustment function for the system. The slider part of the hanger can be easily placed into the sliding groove 6, allowing stepless, linear sliding along the entire effective length of the keel 5, enabling construction personnel to adjust the hanger's position according to the load. According to the precise spacing required by the design drawings, the installation position of each hanger can be adjusted freely and conveniently. This not only meets the installation requirements of standard-sized composite panels but also flexibly adapts to non-standard-sized panels. Finally, through subsequent locking steps, high-precision positioning and installation are achieved. The use of aluminum alloy to manufacture the keel 5 effectively reduces the weight of the component while ensuring sufficient load-bearing strength. This reduces the labor intensity of on-site workers in handling and high-altitude installation, improving construction efficiency. At the same time, the inherent good corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy ensures that the component is not easily corroded in humid or rainy construction environments, guaranteeing the durability of its structural performance and making it reusable in multiple projects.

[0022] Stone upper edge hanger 1 and stone lower edge hanger 7, the hangers are configured to be adjustablely installed in the slide groove 6 of the aluminum alloy through groove keel 5; The upper stone hanger 1 and lower stone hanger 7, as key components directly connecting to and supporting the composite slab, are designed to be adjustablely installed inside the sliding groove 6 of the aluminum alloy through-groove keel 5. In practice, the base of each hanger can be embedded in the sliding groove 6 and slide freely along its length. This sliding installation method provides a rapid initial positioning capability for the horizontal position of the support point. Construction workers can quickly move the hangers to the approximate area based on the size of the composite slab and the hoisting position, followed by precise alignment, improving on-site installation efficiency and positioning flexibility. Once the position is adjusted, the stone... The upper stone bracket 1 and the lower stone bracket 7 work together to bear the weight of the entire composite slab and the construction load. As the direct medium for force transmission, they stably transfer these loads to the aluminum alloy through-slot keel 5. The final locking prevents any unexpected positional movement or posture deformation of the composite slab during subsequent pouring and other processes, thus ensuring construction quality. To ensure reliable bearing of this concentrated load, the upper stone bracket 1 and the lower stone bracket 7 are usually made of steel. This material selection is based on its high strength and high rigidity mechanical properties to ensure that the brackets do not deform during the bearing process, thereby maintaining the precise position of the composite slab for a long time.

[0023] The first stone back bolt bracket 2 and the second stone back bolt bracket 9 are used to connect the upper stone bracket 1 and the lower stone bracket 7 to the composite plate, respectively.

[0024] By pre-machining anchor holes of specific size and shape on the back of the composite slab, and then inserting the anchoring ends of the first stone anchor 2 and the second stone anchor 9 into the holes and mechanically locking them, a high-strength, concealed mechanical anchoring point is formed on the back of the composite slab without damaging the front. Once anchored, these two anchors become part of the composite slab, providing an interface for external connections. The first stone anchor 2 connects with the upper stone anchor 1, forming the upper support connection point; simultaneously, the second stone anchor 9 connects with the lower stone anchor 1. The seven hanging brackets form the lower support connection points. Through these two vertically distributed connection points, the self-weight of the composite slab and the additional loads generated during construction can be clearly and safely transferred to the hanging bracket system, ultimately achieving the goal of fixing the composite slab as a whole, completely and stably, to the entire formwork system. Considering that these two hanging brackets are key stress points, their material is usually stainless steel, which needs to provide sufficiently high tensile and shear strength to cope with concentrated loads. At the same time, its excellent corrosion resistance ensures the long-term safety and durability of the connection nodes in complex construction environments.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The upper stone hanger 1 and the lower stone hanger 7 are provided with fixing bolt holes 4 for locking the hanger in the position within the slide groove 6; the lower stone hanger 7 is provided with adjusting bolt holes 3; it also includes adjusting bolts 8, which pass through adjusting bolt holes 3 for precisely adjusting the vertical or horizontal position of the lower stone hanger 7; the cross-sectional shape of the slide groove 6 matches the slider portion of the upper stone hanger 1 and the lower stone hanger 7 to achieve smooth sliding and effective load-bearing; the first stone back bolt hanger 2 is used to support the stack The upper load of the composite slab is transferred to the upper stone hanging member 1; the lower load of the composite slab is carried by the second stone back bolt hanging member 9 and transferred to the lower stone hanging member 7; the rotation of the adjusting bolt 8 can drive the lower stone hanging member 7 to move in the first direction, while the sliding of the hanging member in the groove 6 can realize the position adjustment in the second direction, thereby completing the three-dimensional spatial precise positioning of the composite slab.

[0026] The aluminum alloy through-groove keel 5 provides a movable installation track for the upper stone hanging bracket 1 and the lower stone hanging bracket 7. The internal cross-sectional profile of the groove 6 precisely matches the slider part of the hanging bracket. Its core function is to allow the hanging bracket to slide smoothly and unobstructed along the length of the keel before or during hoisting, realizing rapid and large-range preliminary positioning of the horizontal position of the composite slab support point. The lower stone hanging bracket 7 is specially equipped with an adjustment bolt hole 3 and a matching adjustment bolt 8. By rotating the adjustment bolt 8, the rotational motion is converted into a small linear displacement through the threaded pair. This displacement can drive the lower stone hanging bracket 7 itself to produce a slight vertical rise or fall, replacing the coarse adjustment method of relying on shims or pry bars in traditional installation. It provides construction personnel with a controllable, millimeter-level precise fine adjustment means to calibrate the final installation elevation and flatness of the composite slab. Through the above sliding and fine adjustment, After the precise three-dimensional spatial position of the composite slab is determined, the hanging parts need to be changed from a movable state to a completely fixed state. For this purpose, both the upper stone hanging part 1 and the lower stone hanging part 7 are equipped with fixing bolt holes 4. The construction workers tighten the independent fastening bolts through these holes, thereby generating a strong clamping force to firmly lock the slider of the hanging part in the final position within the slide groove 6. This ensures that the entire formwork structure will not experience any unexpected displacement when bearing loads such as concrete pouring, thus guaranteeing the forming accuracy and structural stability. The upper load of the composite slab is first borne by the first stone back bolt hanging part 2, and then safely and stably transferred to the upper stone hanging part 1. At the same time, the lower load of the composite slab is borne by the second stone back bolt hanging part 9 and transferred to the lower stone hanging part 7. Finally, all the loads are collected on the aluminum alloy through-slot keel 5 through the hanging parts 1 and 7, thus completing the efficient and convenient three-dimensional spatial precise positioning of the composite slab.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The construction method for large-span composite slab formwork structures includes the following steps: S1. Install aluminum alloy through-slot keel 5 on the support system; This step is the foundation for the entire formwork system. On top of the pre-built support system according to design requirements, the aluminum alloy through-slot keel 5 is installed and securely fixed horizontally. The core function of the support system is to provide the most basic load-bearing capacity for the entire formwork system, supporting all components, composite slabs, and the entire load of subsequent construction. The aluminum alloy through-slot keel 5 plays a dual role: First, it constructs the main horizontal load-bearing frame of the entire formwork structure, providing a unified and precise installation baseline for all subsequent hanging parts; second, through a stable connection with the support system below, it establishes a clear and reliable mechanical transmission path, achieving the effect of safely transferring the self-weight of the subsequently installed composite slabs and construction loads to the ground foundation through the keel 5, thus laying the foundation for the structural stability of the entire system.

[0028] S2. Place the upper stone hanging piece 1 and the lower stone hanging piece 7 into the groove 6 of the aluminum alloy through-groove keel 5 through their slider parts. This step is a preparatory work before hoisting the composite slab. The upper stone hanging bracket 1 and the lower stone hanging bracket 7, which form the direct support points, are inserted one by one into the internal sliding groove 6 of the aluminum alloy through-slot keel 5 from the end or a specific opening using their integrally formed slider structure. The slider part of the hanging bracket and the internal contour of the sliding groove 6 are designed to match each other, effectively ensuring that the hanging bracket is reliably captured on the keel 5 and will not fall off, providing basic safety for high-altitude operations. At the same time, it allows the hanging bracket to slide smoothly and steplessly linearly along the entire length of the sliding groove 6 without restraint. The originally static aluminum alloy through-slot keel 5 is transformed into a dynamically adjustable installation base. A series of freely movable bearing points are pre-arranged on the keel, which prepares for quick and convenient lateral spacing adjustment according to the specific size and design position of the composite slab, greatly simplifying the difficulty and complexity of on-site positioning.

[0029] S3. Connect the composite slab to be installed to the first stone back bolt hanger 2 and the second stone back bolt hanger 9 respectively through its preset connection points. This step, typically performed on the ground or in a dedicated preparation area, is a crucial preparatory step before the composite slab is hoisted. The anchoring ends of the first stone back bolt bracket 2 and the second stone back bolt bracket 9 are respectively installed and secured to pre-processed connection points on the back of the composite slab, thus establishing a robust mechanical connection. The function of the first stone back bolt bracket 2 and the second stone back bolt bracket 9 is to form a standardized, high-strength hoisting and load-bearing interface on the composite slab body. This allows complex connection and securing work, which might require multiple people working together in the air, to be transferred to the ground where operating conditions are better and safer. By pre-assembling the composite slab and back bolt brackets into a complete unit to be hoisted, the docking process during subsequent high-altitude hoisting is greatly simplified, and a safe and reliable hoisting point is provided for the entire hoisting process, significantly improving installation efficiency and safety.

[0030] S4. Hoist the composite slab to the design position, and make fine adjustments to the stone lower hanging piece 7 by adjusting bolt 8 to accurately control the elevation and flatness of the composite slab; This step is the core of the entire installation process, ensuring precise positioning. After hoisting and initially placing the composite slab onto the upper stone bracket 1 and lower stone bracket 7, the precise adjustment stage begins. The adjusting bolt 8 serves as a crucial fine-tuning component, replacing traditional coarse adjustment tools such as pry bars and shims, providing a quantifiable and controllable fine-tuning driving force for installation. In practice, workers rotate the adjusting bolt 8 located on the lower stone bracket 7, utilizing the threaded pair formed by the bolt and adjusting bolt hole 3 to efficiently convert rotational motion into minute, vertical linear displacement. This drives the lower stone bracket 7 to rise or fall slightly, directly changing the height of one corner of the composite slab it supports. By coordinating the operation of the adjusting bolts 8 at multiple support points, workers can achieve millimeter-level precision control over the elevation and flatness of the entire composite slab, ultimately achieving perfect alignment with design requirements and significantly improving installation quality.

[0031] S5. Secure all the hanging parts to the aluminum alloy through-slot keel 5 through the fixing bolt holes 4 to complete the construction of the formwork structure.

[0032] This step is the final stage of the entire formwork installation. Its core task is to permanently fix the precise adjustments achieved in the previous steps. Specifically, after confirming that the positions of all stone upper hanging parts 1 and stone lower hanging parts 7, as well as the posture of the composite plate, meet the design requirements, special high-strength fastening bolts are passed through the fixing bolt holes 4 located on the hanging parts and tightened. The purpose of the fixing bolt holes 4 is to provide an execution channel for the final locking. When the fastening bolts are tightened, the strong clamping force generated by the threaded pair firmly presses the slider part of the hanging part against the inner wall of the groove 6 of the aluminum alloy through-groove keel 5. Through this final locking step, the effect of changing all hanging parts from a sliding adjustment state to a completely fixed load-bearing state is achieved. This makes the entire formwork, from the keel 5 to the hanging parts to the composite plate, form a rigid, immovable, and stable whole. This ensures that the precisely adjusted positions and postures will not shift under the heavy loads such as subsequent concrete pouring, thereby guaranteeing the final forming accuracy and structural stability of the formwork.

Claims

1. A large-span composite slab formwork structure, characterized in that, include: Aluminum alloy through-groove keel (5), the keel is provided with a sliding groove (6); Stone upper opening hanger (1) and stone lower opening hanger (7), the hangers being configured to be adjustablely installed in the groove (6) of the aluminum alloy through groove keel (5); The first stone back bolt bracket (2) and the second stone back bolt bracket (9) are used to connect the upper stone bracket (1) and the lower stone bracket (7) to the composite plate, respectively.

2. The large-span composite slab formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper stone hanging part (1) and the lower stone hanging part (7) are provided with fixing bolt holes (4) for locking the position of the hanging part in the slide groove (6).

3. The large-span composite slab formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stone lower end hanger (7) is provided with an adjusting bolt hole (3).

4. The large-span composite slab formwork structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes an adjusting bolt (8), which passes through the adjusting bolt hole (3) and is used to precisely adjust the vertical or horizontal position of the stone lower opening hanger (7).

5. The large-span composite slab formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the groove (6) matches the slider portion of the upper stone hanging part (1) and the lower stone hanging part (7) to achieve smooth sliding and effective load bearing.

6. The large-span composite slab formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first stone back bolt bracket (2) is used to bear the upper load of the composite slab and transfer it to the stone upper bracket (1).

7. The large-span composite slab formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second stone back bolt bracket (9) is used to bear the lower load of the composite slab and transfer it to the stone lower opening bracket (7).

8. The large-span composite slab formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stone upper hanging piece (1) and the stone lower hanging piece (7) are arranged in pairs along the length of the aluminum alloy through groove keel (5) to form a stable support point for the composite plate.

9. The large-span composite slab formwork structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotation of the adjusting bolt (8) can drive the stone lower end hanger (7) to move along the first direction, while the sliding of the hanger in the groove (6) can realize the position adjustment in the second direction, thereby completing the three-dimensional spatial precise positioning of the composite plate.

10. A construction method for a large-span composite slab formwork structure, comprising the large-span composite slab formwork structure according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install aluminum alloy through-slot keel on the support system (5); S2. Place the upper stone hanging piece (1) and the lower stone hanging piece (7) into the groove (6) of the aluminum alloy through groove keel (5) through their slider parts; S3. Connect the composite plate to be installed to the first stone back bolt bracket (2) and the second stone back bolt bracket (9) through its preset connection points. S4. Hoist the composite slab to the design position and make fine adjustments to the stone bottom hanger (7) by adjusting the bolts (8) to accurately control the elevation and flatness of the composite slab; S5. Secure all the hanging parts to the aluminum alloy through-slot keel (5) by fixing the bolt holes (4) to complete the construction of the mold frame structure.

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