Continuous concrete spraying feeding device and feeding method for small-section tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel concrete spraying supporting, and discloses a small-section tunnel continuous concrete spraying feeding device and method.The small-section tunnel continuous concrete spraying feeding device comprises an adjusting cylinder, a feeding device and a feeding device, the adjusting cylinder is slidably connected with a concrete charging barrel in the vertical direction, and a concrete containing cavity is jointly defined by the inner side wall of the adjusting cylinder and the inner side wall of the concrete charging barrel; and the part, close to the top of the adjusting cylinder, of the adjusting cylinder is a connecting section, the feeding valve is arranged on the connecting section and communicates with the containing cavity, and the feeding valve can communicate with a hopper of the dumper. The concrete charging barrel and the adjusting barrel slidably arranged in the concrete charging barrel are adopted as a concrete container together, the volume of the containing cavity is adjusted by changing the position of the adjusting barrel, and the distance between the equipment and the small-section tunnel top plate is measured through the distance sensor; the volume of the containing cavity can be self-adaptively adjusted according to the height of a small-section tunnel top plate, and therefore the problem of shutdown and material waiting in the concrete spraying working process is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shotcrete support technology for tunnels, and in particular to a continuous shotcrete feeding device and feeding method for small-section tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Small-section tunnels typically refer to tunnels with an excavated cross-sectional area ≤10m² (or equivalent diameter <3.6m) that prevent conventional large machinery from entering for operations. After tunnel excavation, an unsupported rock face appears, altering the stress state of the surrounding rock. Shotcrete support is usually required to enhance the stability of the surrounding rock. The specific operation involves using compressed air or other power to vertically spray concrete at high speed onto the surface of the surrounding rock. The concrete support is formed by the continuous impact of cement and aggregate during the spraying process, compacting the concrete.

[0003] Shotcrete support typically uses small shotcrete machines for shotcreting. However, due to the limited storage space of these machines and the fact that the width of small-section tunnels is only sufficient for one material transport vehicle to carry concrete, work stoppages due to material shortages are common during shotcreting operations.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, patent CN115306445A discloses a continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels. This device employs a foldable material cylinder as the concrete storage structure, with a rotatable folding baffle on one side of the top of the cylinder. The volume of the cylinder is changed by opening and closing the baffle. While this patent can change the cylinder volume, it suffers from the following technical defects:

[0005] 1. The top of the material cylinder is equipped with a folding baffle on only one side, while the other positions are fixed baffles. Although the volume of the material cylinder can be changed, the height of the top of the material cylinder will not change during the volume change process. If the device can enter a small cross-section tunnel, it means that the height of the top of the material cylinder is less than the height of the top plate of the small end face tunnel, and the material cylinder can be adjusted to the maximum volume. Therefore, the volume adjustment function of the device has no practical use significance and cannot adapt to the changes in the height of the top plate of the small cross-section tunnel.

[0006] 2. The volume change of the feed cylinder only includes two positions: the baffle is fully extended and the baffle is fully closed, which is not flexible enough.

[0007] 3. Concrete is transported by conveyor belt, with one end of the conveyor belt positioned above the material cylinder, further limiting the height and volume of the material cylinder.

[0008] In view of this, how to provide a concrete feeding device that can adaptively adjust the volume of the material cylinder according to the height of the roof of a small-section tunnel is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a continuous shotcrete feeding device and method for small-section tunnels, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels, comprising:

[0011] The bottom of the concrete hopper is connected to the concrete spraying machine, and both the concrete hopper and the concrete spraying machine are fixed on a mobile chassis.

[0012] An adjusting cylinder is slidably connected to a concrete cylinder between a first position and a second position in the vertical direction. The inner wall of the adjusting cylinder and the inner wall of the concrete cylinder together form a concrete receiving cavity.

[0013] The feed valve has a connecting section near the top of the regulating cylinder. When the regulating cylinder moves to the first position, it is at its lowest position. At this time, the connecting section is located above the concrete material cylinder. The feed valve is set on the connecting section and communicates with the receiving cavity. The feed valve can communicate with the hopper of the material transport vehicle.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0015] The frame has a funnel-shaped concrete cylinder, including a vertical section and a contraction section connected to the lower end of the vertical section. The contraction section is fixedly installed on the frame, which is mounted on a mobile chassis. The adjusting cylinder is slidably connected to the vertical section.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0017] A connecting plate is connected to the connecting section of the adjusting cylinder; the vertical section is recessed from top to bottom to form a sliding groove that matches the shape of the adjusting cylinder, and the adjusting cylinder is slidably disposed in the sliding groove;

[0018] A cylinder is mounted on the frame, and its output end is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. The cylinder is used to drive the adjusting cylinder to slide between a first position and a second position.

[0019] A connecting block is disposed on the upper surface of the vertical section and slidably connected to the connecting section. The inner surface of the connecting block is arc-shaped, with one end connected to the vertical section and the other end connected to the inner sidewall of the connecting section.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0021] A distance sensor is disposed on the upper surface of the connecting plate. When the adjusting cylinder moves to the first position, the lower surface of the connecting plate is in contact with the upper surface of the vertical section. The distance sensor is used to measure the distance between the connecting plate and the top plate of the small cross-section tunnel.

[0022] The control center is electrically connected to the distance sensor and the cylinder. The distance sensor sends the distance information between the connecting plate and the top plate of the small section tunnel to the control center. The control center adjusts the output distance of the cylinder according to the distance between the connecting plate and the top plate of the small section tunnel.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0024] A concrete conveying hose, one end of which is connected to the feed valve, and the other end extends downward, with a first connecting flange provided at the other end of the concrete conveying hose;

[0025] The concrete feeding pump has an inlet connected to the hopper via a first feeding pipe and an outlet connected to a second feeding pipe. The tail end of the second feeding pipe is provided with a second connecting flange. The first connecting flange and the second connecting flange can be connected by bolts to seal the connection, so that the second feeding pipe is sealed and connected to the concrete conveying hose.

[0026] Furthermore, the feed valve is arranged on one side of the vertical section, and the distance sensor is arranged on the other side of the vertical section.

[0027] Furthermore, multiple sets of the feed valve and concrete conveying hose are provided, and all sets of concrete conveying hoses are connected to the main concrete conveying pipe. The main concrete conveying pipe can be sealed and connected to the second feeding pipe. The distance sensor is arranged at intervals with the concrete conveying hose.

[0028] This invention also provides a method for continuous shotcrete feeding in small-section tunnels, using a continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels, comprising the following steps:

[0029] S1: The distance D1 between the connecting plate and the top plate of the small cross-section tunnel is measured by the distance sensor; when the adjusting cylinder is in the first position, the length of the connecting section above the concrete cylinder is D2, and the distance D3 between the connecting section and the top plate of the small cross-section tunnel is D3 = D1 - D2.

[0030] S2: The adjusting cylinder is driven by the cylinder to move upward until the distance between the connecting section and the top plate of the small section tunnel is 20cm-30cm.

[0031] S3: Open the feed valve and connect the first flange and the second flange with bolts. Pump the concrete in the hopper to the concrete delivery hose through the concrete feed pump. The concrete enters the receiving cavity from the feed valve.

[0032] S4: When shotcrete is required, concrete enters the shotcrete machine from the receiving cavity.

[0033] Furthermore, position sensors are arranged inside the connecting section to detect the amount of concrete fed into the cavity, or the volume of the cavity is calculated based on the distance between the connecting section and the top plate of the small-section tunnel, and the working time of the concrete feeding pump is controlled based on the volume of the cavity.

[0034] Furthermore, when the concrete in the receiving cavity reaches the preset feeding amount, the feed valve is closed, the first flange and the second flange are disconnected, and the concrete remaining in the concrete delivery hose is recovered.

[0035] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0036] 1. This invention uses a concrete cylinder and an adjusting cylinder that is slidably set in the concrete cylinder as a container for concrete. The volume of the receiving cavity can be adjusted by changing the position of the adjusting cylinder, which has higher volume adjustment flexibility compared with the prior art.

[0037] 2. By measuring the distance between the device and the top slab of the small-section tunnel using a distance sensor, the height of the device is adjusted based on this distance, thereby changing the volume of the concrete receiving cavity accordingly. Compared with existing technologies, this method can adaptively adjust the volume of the receiving cavity according to the height of the top slab of the small-section tunnel, thus avoiding the problem of work stoppage due to material shortage during concrete spraying. It has good application prospects and a wide range of applications.

[0038] 3. This invention uses a feed valve, a concrete conveying hose, and a concrete pump to transport concrete. Compared with the prior art, there is no need to arrange a conveyor belt above the concrete cylinder, which can expand the vertical movement range of the regulating cylinder and thus increase the maximum volume of the receiving cavity. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the concrete hopper and the regulating cylinder;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection block arrangement;

[0044] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting cylinder moving upwards;

[0045] The components include: 1. Concrete hopper; 101. Vertical section; 102. Shrinkage section; 2. Concrete spraying machine; 3. Mobile chassis; 4. Adjusting cylinder; 401. Connecting section; 5. Receiving cavity; 6. Feed valve; 7. Frame; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Cylinder; 10. Connecting block; 11. Distance sensor; 12. Concrete conveying hose; 13. First connecting flange. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Among the existing technologies retrieved:

[0047] CN105840213A discloses an automatic concrete feeding and spraying device and method, comprising a movable frame, a collecting device, a conveying device, a discharge port, and a driving device. A liftable conveying device is located at the front of the movable frame, with a collecting device fixed at its front end and a discharge port connected to its rear end. A spraying device is fixed at the rear of the movable frame. The collecting device is cylindrical, with a rotating shaft fixed at its central axis. The rotating shaft has opposing spiral blades at both ends, and anti-sticking devices are fixedly installed on the inner contact surfaces of the conveying rollers. This technology boasts a high degree of automation, completely eliminating manual material feeding and reducing the impact of human factors on uneven pulses during concrete spraying caused by discontinuous concrete feeding, truly achieving automated operation in the field of concrete spraying.

[0048] This patent also uses a conveying device to transport concrete; however, the higher end of the conveying device also needs to be positioned above the spraying device, which also fails to solve the aforementioned technical problem.

[0049] CN218578565U discloses a hopper with rapidly adjustable volume for a concrete placing machine and a concrete placing machine. The hopper includes a hopper body, two adjusting plates, and a locking assembly. Connecting flanges are provided on both opposite sides of the feed inlet on the hopper body along a first direction, extending outwards from the hopper body along the first direction. The two adjusting plates are movably disposed within the hopper body along a second direction. Adhesive flanges are provided on both sides of the adjusting plates facing the feed inlet along the first direction, extending outwards from the hopper body along the first direction, allowing them to be stacked sequentially with the connecting flanges along a third direction. The locking assembly is movably disposed on either the adhesive flange or the connecting flange along a third direction. When the locking assembly is in a first state, it presses the overlapping portion of the connecting flange and the adhesive flange along the third direction. When the locking assembly is in a second state, it can reciprocate along the second direction on the connecting flange with the adhesive flange.

[0050] This patent can adjust the hopper volume, but the adjustment principle is to change the horizontal arrangement of the two adjustment plates, which requires sufficient installation space in the horizontal direction and is not suitable for small cross-section tunnels.

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels, comprising:

[0054] The concrete cylinder 1 is connected to the bottom of the concrete spraying machine 2. Both the concrete cylinder 1 and the concrete spraying machine 2 are fixed on the mobile chassis 3. The concrete spraying machine 2 can be an existing model. Its inlet is connected to the bottom of the concrete cylinder 1 and is used to spray concrete vertically at high speed onto the surrounding rock surface. The mobile chassis 3 includes drive wheels and driven wheels and is driven by a drive motor. The specific structure of the mobile chassis 3 can be flexibly selected according to the situation of small cross-section tunnels. It is only used as a carrier to move the equipment. It can also be replaced by other existing mobile mechanisms, which will not be described in detail here.

[0055] The adjusting cylinder 4 is slidably connected to the concrete cylinder 1 between the first and second positions in the vertical direction. The inner wall of the adjusting cylinder 4 and the inner wall of the concrete cylinder 1 together form a concrete receiving cavity 5.

[0056] The feed valve 6 and the part of the regulating cylinder 4 near its top is the connecting section 401. When the regulating cylinder 4 moves to the second position, the regulating cylinder 4 is at the highest position. When the regulating cylinder 4 moves to the first position, the regulating cylinder 4 is at the lowest position. At this time, the connecting section 401 is located above the concrete material cylinder 1. The feed valve 6 is set on the connecting section 401 and communicates with the receiving cavity 5. The feed valve 6 can communicate with the hopper of the material transport vehicle.

[0057] In this embodiment, it also includes:

[0058] The frame 7 and the concrete cylinder 1 are funnel-shaped, including a vertical section 101 and a contraction section 102 connected to the lower end of the vertical section 101. The contraction section 102 is fixedly installed on the frame 7. The frame 7 is set on the mobile chassis 3. The adjusting cylinder 4 is slidably connected to the vertical section 101.

[0059] In this embodiment, it also includes:

[0060] The connecting plate 8 is horizontally set and connected to the connecting section 401 of the adjusting cylinder 4; the vertical section 101 is recessed from top to bottom to form a sliding groove that matches the shape of the adjusting cylinder 4. The adjusting cylinder 4 is slidably set in the sliding groove. The thickness of the adjusting cylinder 4 is about half the thickness of the concrete cylinder 1. The two are arranged concentrically.

[0061] Cylinder 9 is mounted on frame 7, and its output end is fixedly connected to connecting plate 8. Cylinder 9 is used to drive adjusting cylinder 4 to slide between first position and second position. Multiple sets of cylinder 9 and connecting plate 8 can be arranged according to the maximum volume of accommodating cavity 5.

[0062] A connecting block 10 is disposed on the upper surface of the vertical section 101 and slidably connected to the connecting section 401. The inner surface of the connecting block 10 is arc-shaped, with one end connected to the vertical section 101 and the other end connected to the inner wall of the connecting section 401. The function of the connecting block 10 is to prevent concrete residue from remaining on the upper surface of the vertical section 101. Through the arc-shaped inner surface of the connecting block 10, all concrete can be discharged downwards.

[0063] In this embodiment, it also includes:

[0064] Distance sensor 11 is installed on the upper surface of connecting plate 8. When adjusting cylinder 4 moves to the first position, the lower surface of connecting plate 8 is in contact with the upper surface of vertical section 101. Distance sensor 11 is used to measure the distance between connecting plate 8 and the top plate of small cross section tunnel.

[0065] The control center is electrically connected to the distance sensor 11 and the cylinder 9. The distance sensor 11 sends the distance information between the connecting plate 8 and the top plate of the small section tunnel to the control center. The control center adjusts the output distance of the cylinder 9 according to the distance between the connecting plate 8 and the top plate of the small section tunnel.

[0066] In this embodiment, it also includes:

[0067] The concrete conveying hose 12 has one end connected to the inlet valve 6 and the other end extending downwards. The other end of the concrete conveying hose 12 is provided with a first connecting flange 13.

[0068] The concrete feeding pump has an inlet connected to the hopper via a first feeding pipe and an outlet connected to a second feeding pipe. The tail end of the second feeding pipe is equipped with a second connecting flange. The first connecting flange 13 and the second connecting flange can be connected by bolts to seal the connection, so that the second feeding pipe is sealed and connected to the concrete conveying hose 12.

[0069] In this embodiment, the feed valve 6 is arranged on the side near the vertical section 101, and the distance sensor 11 is arranged on the other side near the vertical section 101.

[0070] In this embodiment, multiple sets of feed valve 6 and concrete conveying hose 12 are provided. All sets of concrete conveying hose 12 are connected to the main concrete conveying pipe. The main concrete conveying pipe can be sealed and connected to the second feeding pipe. The distance sensor 11 and the concrete conveying hose 12 are arranged at intervals to avoid the concrete conveying hose 12 affecting the operation of the distance sensor 11.

[0071] This invention also provides a method for continuous shotcrete feeding in small-section tunnels, using a continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels, comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1: The distance D1 between the connecting plate 8 and the top plate of the small section tunnel is measured by the distance sensor 11; when the adjusting cylinder 4 is in the first position, the length of the connecting section 401 above the concrete cylinder 1 is D2, and the distance D3 between the connecting section 401 and the top plate of the small section tunnel is D1-D2; it should be noted that the thickness of the connecting plate 8 is very small and will not affect the detection accuracy of the distance sensor 11. The measurement error caused by the connecting plate 8 can be ignored.

[0073] S2: Drive the adjusting cylinder 4 upward by the cylinder 9 until the distance between the connecting section 401 and the top plate of the small section tunnel is 20cm-30cm. If the top plate of the small section tunnel is smooth and the height change is not significant, the distance requirement can be reduced as appropriate to further increase the maximum volume of the accommodating cavity 5.

[0074] S3: Open the feed valve 6. The feed valve 6 is an electrically controlled valve that can be controlled by the control center. Connect the first flange and the second flange with bolts. Pump the concrete in the hopper to the concrete delivery hose 12 through the concrete feed pump. The concrete enters the receiving cavity 5 from the feed valve 6. In some other embodiments, the first flange and the second flange can also be replaced with quick connection joints between pipes.

[0075] S4: When it is necessary to spray concrete, the concrete enters the concrete spraying machine 2 from the receiving cavity 5.

[0076] In this embodiment, a position sensor is arranged inside the connecting section 401 to detect the amount of concrete fed into the receiving cavity 5, or the volume of the receiving cavity 5 is calculated based on the distance between the connecting section 401 and the top plate of the small cross-section tunnel, and the working time of the concrete feeding pump is controlled based on the volume of the receiving cavity 5.

[0077] In this embodiment, when the concrete in the receiving cavity 5 reaches the preset feeding amount, the feeding valve 6 is closed, the first flange and the second flange are disconnected, and the concrete remaining in the concrete conveying hose 12 is recovered.

[0078] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0079] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels, characterized in that, include: The bottom of the concrete cylinder (1) is connected to the concrete spraying machine (2), and both the concrete cylinder (1) and the concrete spraying machine (2) are fixed on the mobile chassis (3). The adjusting cylinder (4) is slidably connected to the concrete cylinder (1) in the vertical direction between the first position and the second position. The inner wall of the adjusting cylinder (4) and the inner wall of the concrete cylinder (1) together form a concrete receiving cavity (5). The feed valve (6) is located near the top of the regulating cylinder (4) and is connected to the section (401). When the regulating cylinder (4) moves to the first position, the regulating cylinder (4) is at its lowest position. At this time, the connecting section (401) is located above the concrete cylinder (1). The feed valve (6) is set on the connecting section (401) and communicates with the receiving cavity (5). The feed valve (6) can communicate with the hopper of the material transport vehicle.

2. The continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The frame (7) has a funnel-shaped concrete cylinder (1) including a vertical section (101) and a contraction section (102) connected to the lower end of the vertical section (101). The contraction section (102) is fixedly installed on the frame (7). The frame (7) is set on a mobile chassis (3). The adjusting cylinder (4) is slidably connected to the vertical section (101).

3. The continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The connecting plate (8) is connected to the connecting section (401) of the adjusting cylinder (4); the vertical section (101) is recessed from top to bottom to form a sliding groove that matches the shape of the adjusting cylinder (4), and the adjusting cylinder (4) is slidably disposed in the sliding groove; A cylinder (9) is mounted on a frame (7), and its output end is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (8). The cylinder (9) is used to drive the adjusting cylinder (4) to slide between a first position and a second position. A connecting block (10) is disposed on the upper surface of the vertical section (101) and slidably connected to the connecting section (401). The inner surface of the connecting block (10) is arc-shaped, with one end connected to the vertical section (101) and the other end connected to the inner wall of the connecting section (401).

4. The continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A distance sensor (11) is disposed on the upper surface of the connecting plate (8). When the adjusting cylinder (4) moves to the first position, the lower surface of the connecting plate (8) is in contact with the upper surface of the vertical section (101). The distance sensor (11) is used to measure the distance between the connecting plate (8) and the top plate of the small cross-section tunnel. The control center is electrically connected to the distance sensor (11) and the cylinder (9). The distance sensor (11) sends the distance information between the connecting plate (8) and the top plate of the small section tunnel to the control center. The control center adjusts the output distance of the cylinder (9) according to the distance between the connecting plate (8) and the top plate of the small section tunnel.

5. A continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The concrete conveying hose (12) is connected to the feed valve (6) at one end and extends downward at the other end. The other end of the concrete conveying hose (12) is provided with a first connecting flange (13). The concrete feeding pump has an inlet connected to the hopper via a first feeding pipe and an outlet connected to a second feeding pipe. The tail end of the second feeding pipe is provided with a second connecting flange. The first connecting flange (13) and the second connecting flange can be connected by bolts to seal the connection, so that the second feeding pipe is sealed and connected to the concrete conveying hose (12).

6. A continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that, The feed valve (6) is arranged on one side near the vertical section (101), and the distance sensor (11) is arranged on the other side near the vertical section (101).

7. A continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that, The feed valve (6) and concrete conveying hose (12) are provided in multiple sets. All sets of concrete conveying hose (12) are connected to the main concrete conveying pipe. The main concrete conveying pipe can be sealed and connected to the second feeding pipe. The distance sensor (11) and the concrete conveying hose (12) are arranged at intervals.

8. A method for continuous shotcrete feeding in small-section tunnels, characterized in that, The application of the continuous shotcrete feeding device for small-section tunnels according to any one of claims 5-7 includes the following steps: S1: The distance D1 between the connecting plate (8) and the top plate of the small section tunnel is measured by the distance sensor (11); when the adjusting cylinder (4) is in the first position, the length of the connecting section (401) above the concrete cylinder (1) is D2, and the distance D3 between the connecting section (401) and the top plate of the small section tunnel is D1-D2. S2: Drive the adjusting cylinder (4) upward by the cylinder (9) until the distance between the connecting section (401) and the top plate of the small section tunnel is 20cm-30cm; S3: Open the feed valve (6) and connect the first flange and the second flange with bolts. Pump the concrete in the hopper to the concrete conveying hose (12) through the concrete feed pump. The concrete enters the receiving cavity (5) from the feed valve (6). S4: When it is necessary to spray concrete, the concrete enters the concrete spraying machine (2) from the receiving cavity (5).

9. A method for continuous shotcrete feeding in a small-section tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that, A position sensor is arranged inside the connecting section (401) to detect the amount of concrete fed into the receiving cavity (5), or the volume of the receiving cavity (5) is calculated based on the distance between the connecting section (401) and the top plate of the small section tunnel, and the working time of the concrete feeding pump is controlled based on the volume of the receiving cavity (5).

10. A method for continuous shotcrete feeding in a small-section tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the concrete in the receiving cavity (5) reaches the preset feeding amount, close the feeding valve (6), disconnect the first flange and the second flange, and recover the concrete remaining in the concrete conveying hose (12).

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