Axial-radial bidirectional superconductive direct-type anti-freezing flat plate collector plate core

Abstract

The invention discloses an axial-radial bidirectional superconductive direct-type anti-freezing flat plate collector plate core, which belongs to the technical field of solar heat utilization, and comprises an axial superconductive heat pipe heat absorption plate assembly, the axial superconductive heat pipe heat absorption plate assembly comprises a heat absorption plate and a plurality of axial superconductive heat pipes, and the plurality of axial superconductive heat pipes are longitudinally arranged at intervals and form thermal coupling with the heat absorption plate; the radial superconducting heat pipe flow channel pipe assembly comprises a flow channel inner pipe and a vacuum cavity outer pipe, the flow channel inner pipe is coaxially sleeved with the vacuum cavity outer pipe, the ends of the flow channel inner pipe and the vacuum cavity outer pipe are connected in a sealed mode, a vacuum cavity is formed between the walls of the flow channel inner pipe and the vacuum cavity outer pipe, and the vacuum cavity is filled with phase change media; a V-shaped liquid accumulation groove is formed in the bottom of the vacuum cavity outer pipe. According to the flat plate collector plate core, axial efficient heat conduction can be achieved, meanwhile, the radial heat transfer capacity is improved, a relative vacuum isolation state is formed between the runner inner pipe and the heat absorption plate, water can directly flow through the heat pipe one-way heat transfer principle, the frost crack risk is effectively avoided, and the overall heat efficiency and reliability of a system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar thermal utilization technology, and in particular to the core of a shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-effect antifreeze flat plate solar collector. Background Technology

[0002] Solar flat-plate collectors, as common solar thermal utilization devices, are widely used in domestic hot water and heating. Traditional flat-plate collectors typically employ direct welding or bonding of metal channels to the absorber plate. After the absorber plate absorbs solar energy, the heat is carried away through the medium within the channels. However, this type of structure has the following technical drawbacks: Low heat transfer efficiency: Traditional heat collection plates have high contact thermal resistance with the flow channels, resulting in uneven heat transfer, especially significant heat loss during long-distance transmission. Prone to freezing and cracking in winter: When water flows directly through the channel, it is prone to freezing in extreme low temperature environments, causing the pipe to crack. Therefore, only antifreeze can be used.

[0003] To overcome the above problems, heat pipe collector structures have been developed in recent years, utilizing the phase change medium inside the heat pipe to achieve efficient heat transfer. However, existing heat pipe collectors still suffer from problems such as a single heat transfer path, insufficient radial heat conduction capacity, low structural integration, and heat return through the metal structure, failing to fundamentally resolve the structural contradiction between efficient heat conduction and freeze protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate collector core, which can achieve efficient axial heat conduction while increasing radial heat transfer capacity, and form a relative vacuum isolation state between the inner tube of the flow channel and the heat absorber plate. Utilizing the unidirectional heat transfer principle of the heat pipe, the risk of freezing and cracking is effectively solved, and water can flow directly through it, thereby improving the overall thermal efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector core is provided, comprising: An axial superconducting heat pipe absorber plate assembly includes an absorber plate and multiple axial superconducting heat pipes. The multiple axial superconducting heat pipes are arranged longitudinally at intervals and thermally coupled with the absorber plate to absorb and axially conduct solar heat. A radial superconducting heat pipe flow channel assembly includes an inner flow channel tube and a vacuum chamber outer tube. The inner flow channel tube is coaxially sleeved inside the vacuum chamber outer tube. The ends of the two are sealed together and a vacuum chamber is formed between the two body walls. The vacuum chamber is filled with a phase change medium. Wherein, a V-shaped liquid accumulation groove is formed at the bottom of the outer tube of the vacuum chamber, and a gap is reserved between the two side walls of the V-shaped liquid accumulation groove and the outer wall of the inner tube of the flow channel; The upper end of the axial superconducting heat pipe absorber plate assembly is thermally coupled to the outer surface of the radial superconducting heat pipe channel assembly through a heat transfer encapsulation structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the heat transfer encapsulation structure includes a heat collection bridge, which is located at the upper end of the axial superconducting heat pipe and forms a thermal coupling with the bottom outer surface of the V-shaped liquid accumulation groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom sealing portion of the axial superconducting heat pipe has a conical structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the axial superconducting heat pipe has a single-chamber or multi-chamber structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer wall surface of the inner tube of the flow channel is provided with microstructures for enhancing heat exchange, wherein the microstructures are mesh patterns, pits, or spiral grooves.

[0010] Furthermore, a gap is left between the V-shaped liquid accumulation groove and the outer wall of the inner tube of the flow channel to block the large-area direct contact between the liquid phase change medium and the outer wall of the inner tube of the flow channel, thereby preventing the formation of liquid thermal bridges.

[0011] A solar collector includes the aforementioned shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate collector core.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The axial-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct antifreeze flat plate solar collector core of the present invention achieves bidirectional relay heat transfer of axial long-distance efficient heat collection and radial large-area uniform heat exchange through the coordinated work of the axial superconducting heat pipe absorber plate and the radial superconducting heat pipe flow channel. This mechanism greatly reduces the thermal resistance and heat loss in traditional solar collectors, and significantly improves the overall thermal utilization efficiency of the system. 2. The shaft diameter bidirectional superconducting direct antifreeze flat plate solar collector core of the present invention has its inner tube sealed in a vacuum chamber, completely isolated from the external environment. The circulating medium can only flow in the inner tube and does not come into contact with the heat absorption plate area where the temperature may drop below freezing point. This structure fundamentally eliminates the risk of the medium in the flow channel freezing and the pipeline bursting due to the low temperature of the heat collection plate, and achieves high-efficiency antifreeze performance. It can directly carry water without the need for indirect heat exchange with antifreeze or other media, and is particularly suitable for extremely cold regions. 3. The core of the shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct antifreeze flat plate solar collector of the present invention has a V-shaped liquid accumulation tank at the bottom of the vacuum chamber. Its sidewall is connected to the inner tube of the flow channel and has a gap. This structure ensures that when the phase change medium evaporates and vaporizes, it acts on the outer wall of the inner tube of the flow channel. When it liquefies and flows back, it can accumulate at the bottom of the tank, avoiding large-area direct contact between it and the outer wall of the inner tube of the flow channel. This effectively blocks the liquid thermal bridge formed by the liquid medium and reduces unexpected heat loss. At the same time, this design concentrates the heat from the axial heat pipe onto the medium in the local area of ​​the liquid accumulation tank, which can quickly stimulate its vaporization and achieve rapid start-up. 4. The core of the axial-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct antifreeze flat plate solar collector of the present invention adopts a conical closed structure at the bottom of the axial superconducting heat pipe, which is conducive to the smoother return of the condensed liquid working fluid to the evaporation section under the action of gravity, reducing working fluid residue and transmission dead zone, thereby improving the start-up performance, heat transfer efficiency and stability of the heat pipe. 5. The core of the shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct antifreeze flat plate solar collector of the present invention has microstructures such as mesh, pits or spiral grooves on the outer wall of the inner tube of the flow channel, which greatly increases the condensation heat exchange area and plays a role in disturbing the airflow and destroying the laminar boundary layer, so that the gas phase medium in the vacuum cavity can condense and release heat more quickly on the outer wall, thereby efficiently heating the circulating medium in the flow channel. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial superconducting heat pipe absorber assembly. Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the radial superconducting heat pipe channel assembly. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the axial superconducting heat pipe absorber assembly and the radial superconducting heat pipe flow channel assembly in Embodiment 1. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the axial superconducting heat pipe absorber plate assembly and the radial superconducting heat pipe flow channel assembly in Embodiment 2.

[0014] In the figure: 1-Heat absorber plate, 2-Axial superconducting heat pipe, 3-Inner tube of flow channel, 4-Outer tube of vacuum chamber, 5-Vacuum chamber, 6-V-shaped liquid accumulation groove, 7-Cavity structure, 8-Heat collection bridge, 9-Bottom end sealing part, 10-Spiral groove, 11-Phase change medium. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0016] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Example 1: like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a core of a axial-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector, including an axial superconducting heat pipe absorber plate assembly, a radial superconducting heat pipe flow channel assembly, and a heat transfer encapsulation structure connecting the two.

[0018] Specifically, the axial superconducting heat pipe absorber plate assembly includes an absorber plate 1 and multiple axial superconducting heat pipes 2. The absorber plate 1 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity and its surface is coated with a solar selective absorption coating with high absorptivity and low emissivity.

[0019] The axial superconducting heat pipes 2 are arranged longitudinally at certain intervals (i.e., along the length of the absorber plate 1) and are tightly bonded to the outer surface of the absorber plate 1. Specifically, the two structures can be bonded by welding or coating to form a highly efficient thermal coupling. Each axial superconducting heat pipe 2 is vacuum-treated during manufacturing and filled with a fixed amount of phase change working fluid. In this embodiment, the bottom sealing part 9 of the axial superconducting heat pipe 2 is processed into a conical structure, which facilitates the reflux of the condensed working fluid inside the pipe, improving heat transfer efficiency and start-up performance. In addition, the axial superconducting heat pipe 2 in this embodiment is a single-chamber structure, that is, each heat pipe has a connected cavity inside. As another equivalent alternative to this embodiment, the axial superconducting heat pipe 2 can also adopt a multi-chamber structure. For example, the multi-chamber structure can be a heat pipe bundle composed of multiple independent heat pipes connected in series, etc. The multi-chamber structure can also achieve the axial high-efficiency heat transfer function required by this embodiment.

[0020] The radial superconducting heat pipe flow channel assembly is located above the absorber plate assembly and consists of an inner flow channel tube 3 and a vacuum chamber outer tube 4. The outer wall of the inner flow channel tube 3 has spiral grooves 10, which can enhance heat transfer. The vacuum chamber outer tube 4 and the inner flow channel tube 3 are metal tubes of different diameters. The inner flow channel tube 3 is coaxially sleeved inside the vacuum chamber outer tube 4, and the two ends are sealed by welding, thereby forming a vacuum chamber 5 between the two body walls. This vacuum chamber 5 is evacuated to a high vacuum state. In this embodiment, the bottom of the vacuum chamber outer tube 4 is formed with a continuous V-shaped structure, namely a V-shaped liquid accumulation groove 6. The two side walls of the V-shaped liquid accumulation groove 6 are interconnected with the outer wall of the inner flow channel tube 3 and naturally form a gap. The vacuum chamber 5 is filled with a phase change medium 11. In the non-working state, the liquid phase change medium 11 accumulates at the bottom of the V-shaped liquid accumulation tank 6 under the action of gravity, avoiding direct contact between the liquid medium and the inner tube 3 to form a heat bridge for heat dissipation. Thus, the vacuum chamber 5 achieves physical isolation between the heat absorption plate assembly and the outer wall of the inner tube 3 of the flow channel assembly, solving the risk that the direct flow of water in the flow channel may be "cracked" by the heat absorption plate 1 at low temperature, and achieving the unity of efficient heat collection and active antifreeze.

[0021] The heat transfer encapsulation structure includes a heat collection bridge 8. Each axial superconducting heat pipe 2 is connected to a heat collection bridge 8 at its upper end. This structure is the condensation section of the axial heat pipe. The heat collection bridge 8 and the bottom outer surface of the V-shaped liquid accumulation groove 6 of the radial superconducting heat pipe flow channel assembly can be fixed together by welding or bolts to form a strong and efficient thermal coupling channel.

[0022] Working principle: When solar energy radiates onto the absorber plate 1, the heat is rapidly absorbed. The heat is conducted through the absorber plate 1 to the evaporation sections of the axial superconducting heat pipes 2, causing the working fluid inside to evaporate. The evaporated fluid rises to the condensation section at the upper end (i.e., the heat collection bridge 8). The heat released from the condensation section is then transferred through the heat collection bridge 8 to the liquid phase change medium 11 at the bottom of the V-shaped liquid accumulation tank 6. Upon heating, the phase change medium 11 rapidly evaporates and turns into vapor, filling the entire vacuum chamber 5.

[0023] Steam condenses on the outer wall of the inner tube 3 of the flow channel at a lower temperature. The released latent heat of vaporization is transferred to the circulating medium flowing in the inner tube through the wall of the inner tube 3. The spiral grooves on the outer wall of the inner tube 3 greatly enhance heat transfer. After condensation, the liquid phase change medium 11 flows back along the tube wall and, due to the guiding effect of the V-shaped liquid accumulation tank 6 and gravity, re-accumulates at the bottom of the tank, thus preventing direct contact with the bottom of the inner tube 3 through gaps and effectively preventing the formation of liquid thermal bridges.

[0024] This gas-liquid phase change cycle continues, thereby efficiently and unidirectionally transferring solar heat to the circulating medium within the flow channel.

[0025] The shaft diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector core exemplified in this embodiment achieves bidirectional high-efficiency heat transfer, rapid start-up, prevention of liquid thermal bridging, and fundamental antifreeze effects.

[0026] Example 2: This embodiment further improves the heat transfer encapsulation structure based on Embodiment 1. The top of the heat absorber plate 1 has a cavity structure 7 with an open cross-section, and the radial superconducting heat pipe channel assembly is housed within the cavity structure 7. Of course, the cavity structure 7 can also be rectangular or other structures. The outer wall of the vacuum cavity outer tube 4 of the radial superconducting heat pipe channel assembly is bonded to the inner wall of the cavity structure 7 of the heat absorber plate 1. Specifically, this bonding can be achieved using thermally conductive adhesive, ensuring a large-area, tight thermal contact between the two.

[0027] In this embodiment, the cavity structure 7 achieves a large-area "wrap-around" surface contact between the heat absorber plate 1 and the outer tube 4 of the vacuum cavity, which allows the solar heat collected by the heat absorber plate 1 to be transferred to the internal radial heat pipe channel tube in all directions through the entire inner wall of the cavity.

[0028] Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-mentioned technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above-mentioned features with technical features disclosed in this application (but not limited to) that have similar functions.

Claims

1. A shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector core, characterized in that, include: An axial superconducting heat pipe absorber plate assembly includes an absorber plate (1) and multiple axial superconducting heat pipes (2). The multiple axial superconducting heat pipes (2) are arranged longitudinally at intervals and form thermal coupling with the absorber plate (1) for absorbing and axially conducting solar heat. A radial superconducting heat pipe flow channel assembly includes an inner flow channel tube (3) and a vacuum chamber outer tube (4). The inner flow channel tube (3) is coaxially sleeved inside the vacuum chamber outer tube (4). The ends of the two are sealed and connected, and a gap is reserved between the two body walls to form a vacuum chamber (5). The vacuum chamber (5) is filled with a phase change medium (11). Wherein, a V-shaped liquid accumulation groove (6) is formed at the bottom of the outer tube (4) of the vacuum chamber, and the V-shaped liquid accumulation groove (6) is used to store the phase change medium (11) filled in the vacuum chamber (5). The upper end of the axial superconducting heat pipe absorber plate assembly is thermally coupled to the radial superconducting heat pipe channel assembly through a heat transfer encapsulation structure.

2. The core plate of the shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat transfer encapsulation structure includes a heat collection bridge (8), which is located at the upper end of the axial superconducting heat pipe (2) and forms a thermal coupling with the bottom outer surface of the V-shaped liquid accumulation groove (6).

3. The core plate of the shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom sealing part (9) of the axial superconducting heat pipe (2) has a conical structure.

4. The core plate of the shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial superconducting heat pipe (2) has a single-chamber or multi-chamber structure.

5. The core plate of the shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat absorber plate (1) and the axial superconducting heat pipe (2) can be in close thermal contact by embedded welding or surface welding.

6. The core plate of the shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall surface of the inner tube (3) of the flow channel is provided with microstructures for enhancing heat exchange, and the microstructures are mesh patterns, pits or spiral grooves (10).

7. The core plate of the shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The V-shaped liquid accumulation groove (6) has a gap between it and the outer wall of the inner tube (3) of the flow channel, which is used to block the large-area direct contact between the liquid phase change medium (11) in the vacuum cavity and the outer wall of the inner tube (3) of the flow channel, thereby preventing the formation of liquid thermal bridge.

8. The core plate of the shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat transfer encapsulation structure also includes a cavity structure (7) with an opening in cross-section on the top of the heat absorption plate (1), and the radial superconducting heat pipe flow channel assembly is housed in the cavity structure (7).

9. The core plate of the shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct-type antifreeze flat plate solar collector according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cavity structure (7) of the heat absorber plate (1) has an arc-shaped or rectangular cross-section.

10. A solar collector, characterized in that, Includes the core plate of the shaft-diameter bidirectional superconducting direct antifreeze flat plate solar collector as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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