Snapshot type spectral imaging system with high energy utilization rate

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of spectral imaging, and particularly relates to a snapshot spectral imaging system with high energy utilization rate. Comprising a band-pass diaphragm, a pixel-level notch filtering array and a detector which are sequentially arranged in the direction of an optical axis, the band-pass diaphragm is used for transmitting light of a specified wave band, the pixel-level notch filtering array is used for cutting off the light of the specified wave band, and the detector is used for imaging the light transmitting the pixel-level notch filtering array; the pixel-level notch filtering array comprises m * n spectrum channel units, and each spectrum channel unit comprises a * b-1 notch spectrum channels and a panchromatic channel; and the size of the notch film system in each notch spectrum channel is correspondingly smaller than or equal to that of each notch spectrum channel. According to the invention, the energy utilization rate can be obviously improved, the exposure time is reduced, and dynamic scenes and long-distance targets can be detected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of spectral imaging technology, and particularly relates to a snapshot spectral imaging system with high energy utilization. Background Technology

[0002] To address the limitations of traditional spectral imaging techniques, snapshot spectral imaging technology has emerged. Leveraging its unique optical design and detector architecture, this technology can simultaneously acquire information about a target across multiple spectral bands in a single exposure, rapidly generating spectral cube data containing both spatial and spectral dimensions. Compared to traditional spectral imaging methods, its elimination of the need for optical scanning significantly improves imaging efficiency and drastically reduces data acquisition time, providing new possibilities for dynamic target observation and real-time spectral analysis. However, the widely used snapshot spectral imaging technology based on narrowband films still has significant drawbacks. This type of technology achieves separation and detection of different spectral bands by integrating multiple narrowband filter films on the detector surface. However, narrowband films only allow spectral signals within the passband to pass through, resulting in the blocking of a large amount of spectral energy and low overall energy utilization. To ensure a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio, the system often needs to extend the exposure time to accumulate the signal. This makes the technology prone to motion blur and signal distortion when photographing fast-moving targets or conducting long-distance, low-light detection, severely limiting its application in fields with high requirements for temporal resolution and detection sensitivity, such as dynamic scene monitoring, UAV remote sensing, and space astronomical observation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a snapshot spectral imaging system with high energy utilization to solve the problem of low energy utilization in the prior art, which makes it unsuitable for dynamic scenes and long-distance detection. The present invention can significantly improve energy utilization and reduce exposure time, which is beneficial for detecting dynamic scenes and long-distance targets.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution created by this invention is implemented as follows: A high-energy-efficiency snapshot spectral imaging system includes a bandpass window, a pixel-level notch filter array, and a detector arranged sequentially along the optical axis. The bandpass window is used to transmit light in a specified wavelength band, the pixel-level notch filter array is used to block light in a specified wavelength band, and the detector is used to image the light transmitted through the pixel-level notch filter array. The pixel-level notch filter array includes m×n spectral channel units, each of which includes a×b-1 notch spectral channels and 1 panchromatic channel; The size of the notch film system in each notch spectral channel is less than or equal to the size of each notch spectral channel.

[0005] Furthermore, the spectral energy of the notch spectral channel is: ; in, The energy value received by the detector is the energy of the incident light as it enters the detector through the panchromatic channel. Let the incident light be incident on the detector through the nth notch spectral channel, and the energy value received by the detector be... The size of the notch spectral channel. The dimensions of the notch film system, .

[0006] Furthermore, the spectral range of the pixel-level notch filter array is the visible light range, the infrared light range, or the visible-infrared light range.

[0007] Furthermore, within the spectral channel unit, each notch spectral channel is numbered from left to right and from top to bottom. The starting wavelength of the bandpass window is the center wavelength of the first notch spectral channel, and the cutoff wavelength of the bandpass window is the center wavelength of the a×b-1th notch spectral channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the notch spectral channel corresponds to at least one pixel of the detector.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a high-energy-efficiency snapshot spectral imaging system that can significantly improve the energy efficiency of the spectral channels. By capturing weak signals in the optical system, it can perform spectral analysis in scenarios with poor lighting conditions, while significantly reducing exposure time in scenarios with sufficient lighting, which is helpful for high frame rate and long-distance spectral detection. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-energy-efficiency snapshot spectral imaging system as described in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the spectral channel unit described in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the dimensional relationship between the notch spectral channel and the notch film system as described in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the notch spectral channel response with a center wavelength of 450 nm as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Bandpass window; 2. Pixel-level notch filter array; 3. Detector; 4. Notch spectral channel; 5. Notch film system. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0013] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0014] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0015] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0016] The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] like Figures 1-2As shown, the present invention proposes a high-energy-efficiency snapshot spectral imaging system, including a bandpass window 1, a pixel-level notch filter array 2 and a detector 3 arranged sequentially along the optical axis. The bandpass window 1 is used to transmit light of a specified wavelength, the pixel-level notch filter array 2 is used to block light of a specified wavelength, and the detector 3 is used to image the light transmitted through the pixel-level notch filter array 2. The pixel-level notch filter array 2 includes m×n spectral channel units, each of which includes a×b-1 notch spectral channels 4 and 1 panchromatic channel; The size of the notch film system 5 in each notch spectral channel 4 is less than or equal to the size of each notch spectral channel 4.

[0018] In some embodiments, the spectral band energy of notch spectral channel 4 is: ; in, The energy value received by detector 3 is the energy of the incident light as it enters the detector through the panchromatic channel. The energy value received by detector 3 is the incident light that enters detector 3 through the nth notch spectral channel 4. This refers to the size of notch spectral channel 4. The dimensions of the notch film system 5 are as follows: .

[0019] In some embodiments, the spectral range of the pixel-level notch filter array 2 is the visible light range, the infrared light range, or the visible-infrared light range.

[0020] Furthermore, the integration of the pixel-level notch filter array 2 can be achieved by using a filter assembly method or by directly depositing the notch filter film layer onto the pixel surface.

[0021] In some embodiments, within the spectral channel unit, each notch spectral channel 4 is numbered from left to right and from top to bottom. The starting wavelength of the bandpass window 1 is the center wavelength of the first notch spectral channel 4, and the cutoff wavelength of the bandpass window 1 is the center wavelength of the a×b-1th notch spectral channel 4.

[0022] In some embodiments, the notch spectral channel 4 corresponds to at least one pixel of the detector 3.

[0023] Example 1 This invention selects the incident light spectrum by combining a bandpass window 1 and a pixel-level notch filter array, and improves energy utilization by adjusting the size of the notch film system 5 in the pixel-level notch filter array 2.

[0024] The following is a detailed description of a high-energy-efficiency snapshot spectral imaging system according to the present invention.

[0025] The detector 3 has a pixel size of 2.5 μm × 2.5 μm, each spectral channel covers 4 × 4 pixels, and the size of the spectral channel is 10 μm × 10 μm.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, each spectral channel unit contains 3×3 spectral channels, consisting of 8 notch spectral channels and 1 panchromatic channel. w represents the panchromatic channel, which can transmit light of all wavelengths.

[0027] The center wavelength range of the eight notch spectral channels 4 is 450nm-570nm. For example... Figure 4 The diagram shows the spectral response of notch spectral channel 4 with a center wavelength of 450 nm. From this, it can be intuitively concluded that detector 3 can receive more energy than narrowband snapshot spectral imaging technology.

[0028] In each notch spectral channel 4, the relationship between the size of the notch film system 5 and the size of the notch spectral channel 4 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the size of the notch filter system 5 is less than or equal to the size of the spectral channel. When the size of the notch filter system 5 is equal to the size of the notch spectral channel 4, When the size of the notch film system 5 is smaller than the size of the spectral channel, it can further increase the energy that the detector 3 can receive. .

[0029] in, The energy value received by detector 3 is the energy of the incident light as it enters the detector through the panchromatic channel. The energy value received by detector 3 is the incident light that enters detector 3 through the nth notch spectral channel 4. This refers to the size of notch spectral channel 4. The notch film system has a size of 5.

[0030] Accordingly, in this embodiment, the wavelength range of the bandpass window 1 is 450nm-570nm, which is used to adjust the spectral range of the incident light.

[0031] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this invention disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0032] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A high-energy-efficiency snapshot spectral imaging system, characterized in that: It includes a bandpass window, a pixel-level notch filter array, and a detector arranged sequentially along the optical axis. The bandpass window is used to transmit light in a specified wavelength band, the pixel-level notch filter array is used to block light in a specified wavelength band, and the detector is used to image the light transmitted through the pixel-level notch filter array. The pixel-level notch filter array includes m×n spectral channel units, each of which includes a×b-1 notch spectral channels and 1 panchromatic channel; The size of the notch film system in each notch spectral channel is less than or equal to the size of each notch spectral channel.

2. The high energy efficiency snapshot spectral imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spectral energy of the notch spectral channel is: ； in, The energy value received by the detector is the energy of the incident light as it enters the detector through the panchromatic channel. Let the incident light be incident on the detector through the nth notch spectral channel, and the energy value received by the detector be... The size of the notch spectral channel. The dimensions of the notch film system, .

3. The high energy efficiency snapshot spectral imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spectral range of a pixel-level notch filter array is the visible light range, the infrared light range, or the visible-infrared light range.

4. The high energy efficiency snapshot spectral imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Within the spectral channel unit, each notch spectral channel is numbered from left to right and from top to bottom. The starting wavelength of the bandpass window is the center wavelength of the first notch spectral channel, and the cutoff wavelength of the bandpass window is the center wavelength of the a×b-1th notch spectral channel.

5. The high energy efficiency snapshot spectral imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The notch spectral channel corresponds to at least one pixel of the detector.

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