Cable-free deep sea layered water sampling system and method based on pressure induction

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable-free deep sea layered water sampling system and method based on pressure induction, and relates to the technical field of ocean exploration and water sample collection, the cable-free deep sea layered water sampling system comprises a sampler frame, a lifting assembly, a sample storage assembly, a buoyancy assembly and a control cabin; the sampler frame is of a frame structure and is internally provided with a buoyancy component and a control cabin; a sample storage assembly and a lifting assembly are arranged on the outer side; the bottom of the buoyancy assembly is provided with a plurality of magnetic load-dropping blocks. The sample storage assembly comprises a plurality of sample storage barrels, one-way sealing structures are arranged at the ends of the sample storage barrels, pistons are arranged in the sample storage barrels, and the lifting assembly is used for pulling the pistons to move; the control cabin is used for controlling the states of the lifting assembly and the magnetic load-throwing heavy block. Dependence of a traditional cable control type water sampling system on a cable is eliminated, autonomous sinking is achieved through the magnetic load rejection weight block, autonomous floating is achieved through the buoyancy block, the system can adapt to the deeper sampling depth, interference of water flow on the cable is avoided, the operation range is wider, and flexibility is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine exploration and water sampling technology, and in particular to a cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system and method based on pressure sensing. Background Technology

[0002] Deep-sea water sampling technology is a specialized technology used to accurately collect seawater samples at different depths and under different environmental conditions in the deep sea environment. It is mainly divided into two types: cable-controlled and cableless, and is equipped with sealing and pressure-maintaining technologies to ensure sample quality. Cable-controlled deep-sea water sampling technology mainly includes: traditional mechanical cable-controlled water sampling systems and fiber optic cable-controlled intelligent water sampling systems. Traditional mechanical cable-controlled water sampling systems connect the mother ship to the water sampling device (such as the Niskin water sampler array) via steel cables or umbilical cables. The mother ship's winch controls its buoyancy, and sampling is achieved through mechanical triggering or remote electrical signals, simultaneously acquiring parameters such as temperature and salinity. Fiber optic cable-controlled intelligent water sampling systems use fiber optic cables as the data transmission carrier, integrating high-precision sensors and a servo control system. They can remotely and dynamically adjust parameters such as sampling pressure and flow rate, and are suitable for high-resolution stratified sampling scenarios.

[0003] The main cableless water sampling technologies include: simple timed cableless water sampling devices, pressure switch-triggered cableless water sampling systems, deformable adjustable cableless sampling technology, and airbag-assisted cableless sampling technology. Simple timed cableless water sampling devices estimate sampling depth based on a preset sinking time, trigger sampling via a mechanical timer, and rely on buoyancy materials to achieve buoyancy; a typical example is the self-sinking and floating water sampling ball. Pressure switch-triggered cableless water sampling systems use mechanical pressure switches (such as diaphragm pressure valves) as depth triggering elements, automatically initiating sampling when a preset water pressure threshold is reached, and are equipped with simple radio beacons for retrieval assistance. Deformable adjustable cableless sampling technology controls the sinking and buoyancy speed of the device through a folding and unfolding wing plate structure, reducing motion resistance and seabed impact, and uses a loaded weight to achieve buoyancy; it is mainly used for sediment and seawater sampling. Airbag-assisted cableless sampling technology achieves automatic buoyancy by filling an airbag with compressed gas, integrating temperature and pressure sensors and a GPS positioning module, and can complete multi-depth water and mud sample collection.

[0004] The cable-controlled technology has the following drawbacks: The operation is highly limited. Sampling depth is restricted by the length of the cable, which is susceptible to breakage from water currents or entanglement with seabed obstacles, leading to equipment damage and recovery difficulties. There is a trade-off between cost and efficiency; the mother ship must remain stationed throughout the operation, resulting in high equipment purchase and maintenance costs. Each operation is costly and inefficient, making it unsuitable for large-scale sampling needs. Water samples are prone to distortion; cable interference with water flow can cause collected samples to deviate from their original environmental characteristics, affecting detection accuracy.

[0005] Cableless technology has the following drawbacks: Insufficient depth control accuracy: Timed devices are affected by seawater density and ocean currents, resulting in depth errors of ±50-100 meters; mechanical pressure switches have low adjustment accuracy, with the smallest adjustment unit corresponding to a depth of approximately 50 meters, and are susceptible to hysteresis and false triggering risks. Poor motion control and safety: Most devices cannot accurately control their buoyancy, making them prone to violent collisions with the seabed during descent, causing damage; lack of effective obstacle avoidance mechanisms leads to a failure rate exceeding 30% in complex terrain areas. Low recovery reliability: Simple devices lack precise positioning capabilities, relying on visual searches, resulting in a recovery success rate of less than 70%; some devices have complex buoyancy structures, making them prone to malfunctions and loss of communication. Insufficient functional adaptability: Traditional cableless devices mostly operate in a single sampling mode, making it difficult to achieve continuous stratified sampling at multiple depths; some devices focus on sediment sampling, with insufficient sealing and pressure-holding design for seawater sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the existing technology and to propose a cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system and method based on pressure sensing.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A pressure-sensing-based cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system includes a sampler frame, lifting assembly, sample storage assembly, buoyancy assembly, and control chamber. The sampler frame is a frame structure, with an internal buoyancy assembly and control chamber; and an external sample storage assembly and lifting assembly. The bottom of the buoyancy component is equipped with multiple sets of magnetically thrown weight blocks; The sample storage assembly includes multiple sample storage cylinders, each sample storage cylinder having a one-way sealing structure at its end, and a piston is installed inside the sample storage cylinder. The lifting assembly is used to move the piston. The control cabin is used to control the status of the lifting assembly and the magnetically thrown load.

[0008] Furthermore, the sampler frame includes an upper fixing plate, a lower fixing plate, and a mounting plate; The upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate are connected by a mounting plate; the sample storage assembly is disposed on the outside of the mounting plate; a release device is disposed on the inside of the mounting plate, and the release device is used to control the lifting assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a release sleeve, a release inner sleeve, a thrust spring, and a lifting plate; The releaser outer sleeve is slidably connected to the releaser inner sleeve, and the releaser inner sleeve is provided with a thrust spring. One end of the thrust spring is fixedly connected to the releaser outer sleeve, and the other end is fixedly connected to the releaser inner sleeve. The end of the releaser inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the lifting plate. The first side of the lifting plate is connected to the piston rod, and the second side of the lifting plate is connected to the releaser through a hook.

[0010] Furthermore, the release device includes a waterproof electromagnetic lock, a release hook, and a micro-motion spring; the waterproof electromagnetic lock is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting plate; the release hook is located at the output end of the waterproof electromagnetic lock, and the micro-motion spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting plate and located on one side of the release hook.

[0011] Furthermore, the one-way sealing structure includes a sampling barrel lower cover and a water inlet piston. The sampling barrel lower cover is fixedly connected to the end of the sample storage cylinder. The water inlet piston is connected to the sampling barrel lower cover through a water inlet piston spring. When the water inlet piston spring is in its reset state, the side wall of the water inlet piston abuts against the inner wall of the sampling barrel lower cover. The contact surface between the sampling barrel lower cover and the water inlet piston is an inclined surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the inlet piston has a through hole, and a drain piston is installed inside the through hole. The drain piston is connected to the through hole through a drain piston spring. When the drain piston spring is in the reset state, the sealing head at the end of the drain piston abuts against the end of the through hole. A drain connection threaded hole is provided on one side of the through hole, and the drain connection threaded hole communicates with the through hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the buoyancy component includes a buoyancy block, a launcher, and a magnetic launcher. The launcher is located at the bottom of the buoyancy block and is magnetically connected to the magnetic launcher.

[0014] Furthermore, the control cabin includes a control cabin shell, the interior of which is hollow, and an end cap is provided at one end; a battery and a main control board are provided inside the control cabin shell, and a pressure sensor, an ultrasonic ranging sensor and a multi-wire watertight connector are provided on the control cabin end cap, the pressure sensor and the ultrasonic ranging sensor being connected to the main control board through the multi-wire watertight connector.

[0015] The pressure-sensing-based cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling method utilizes the aforementioned pressure-sensing-based cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system and includes the following steps: S1: Installation preparation. Install the sample storage components on the sampler frame. Rotate the sample storage cylinder fixing handle to lock the sample storage components through the upper and lower fixing blocks of the sample storage cylinder. Press down the lifting plate to engage the lifting plate hook with the release hook, and lock the waterproof electromagnetic lock. Press the lifting handle to drive the sampling piston to engage with the water inlet piston. Repeat the action to complete the installation of multiple sets of sample storage components. The host computer connects to the sampling control system through the positioning combination antenna and sets multiple sampling depth values. S2: Autonomous sinking and stratified sampling. The water sampling system is placed in the sampling area, and the system sinks under the gravity of the magnetically thrown load. The pressure sensor detects the water pressure in real time and transmits it to the main control board. When the pressure sensor detects that the water pressure has reached the first sampling depth threshold, the loader is de-energized and throws the magnetic load block. At the same time, the waterproof electromagnetic lock corresponding to the first depth retracts, and the release device inner sleeve rises under the action of the thrust spring. Through the lifting plate and lifting handle, it drives the sampling piston to rise and form a pressure difference. The water inlet piston opens, and seawater enters the sample storage cylinder. The sampling piston stops after touching the sampling piston limiter. The water inlet piston closes the water inlet channel under the action of the water inlet piston spring, completing the first depth sampling. The system rises under the action of the buoyancy block. When the pressure sensor detects that the water pressure has reached the second sampling depth threshold, the waterproof electromagnetic lock corresponding to the second depth is de-energized. The inner sleeve of the release device rises under the action of the thrust spring, which drives the sampling piston to rise through the lifting plate and lifting handle to create a pressure difference. The water inlet piston opens, and seawater enters the sample storage cylinder. The sampling piston stops after touching the sampling piston limiter. The water inlet piston closes the water inlet channel under the action of the water inlet piston spring, completing the second depth sampling. The sampler rises and completes sampling at all preset depths in sequence. S3: Forced Recovery. The water sampling system is placed in the sampling area. Under the gravity of the magnetically thrown weight, the system sinks. The ultrasonic ranging sensor detects the distance to the seabed. Once the predetermined distance is reached, the main control board controls the thrower to de-energize and throw the magnetically thrown weight, causing the system to float. If the preset maximum sampling depth has not yet been reached, the main control board controls the thrower to de-energize and throw the magnetically thrown weight, forcing the system to float while simultaneously completing sampling at a depth lower than the preset value. S4: Rising and recovering. After the system rises to the surface, the pressure sensor detects the predetermined water pressure value. The main control board then controls the positioning and communication antenna to activate the positioning function, the warning lights to turn on, and sends the positioning information to the host computer. The sampling vessel recovers the system based on the positioning information, releases the sample storage cylinder fixing handle, and removes the sample storage component. S5: Water sample extraction. Connect the special sampling valve to the sample storage cylinder through the drain connection thread, open the drain piston to extract the water sample, and remove the sampling valve after extraction. The drain piston will reset under the action of the drain piston spring.

[0016] 10. The cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling control method based on pressure sensing according to claim 9, characterized in that, in step S1, the sampling depth range set by the host computer is 10-6000 meters, and the number of sample storage components installed is 1-6 sets. In step S2, the initial sinking speed of the system is 0.5-1.0 m / s, and the buoyancy speed is 0.2-0.4 m / s.

[0017] In step S2, the pressure sensor uploads water pressure data to the main control board every 1 second, and the ultrasonic ranging sensor uploads distance data to the seabed to the main control board every 2 seconds.

[0018] In step S3, the warning light is a red LED array with a flashing frequency of 1 time / second; the positioning accuracy of the positioning and communication combination antenna is ±5 meters.

[0019] In step S5, the torque when the special sampling valve is connected to the drain connection thread is 4-6N. m, the volume of the sample storage tube matches the volume of the sterile sampling bottle, which is 300-1000mL.

[0020] Beneficial effects

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Cableless autonomous operation enhances flexibility and sampling depth, eliminating the dependence on cables in traditional cable-controlled water sampling systems. It achieves autonomous sinking by magnetically throwing a load and autonomous floating by a buoyancy block, adapting to deeper sampling depths (the maximum sampling depth can be customized according to the pressure resistance rating of the pressure sensor and the sample storage cylinder), and is not affected by water flow on the cable, resulting in a wider operating range and greater flexibility.

[0022] Precise depth control with pressure sensing and high accuracy of stratified sampling: By using a pressure sensor to detect water pressure in real time and combining it with the precise calculation of the main control board, the sampling depth can be precisely controlled. The depth control error can be controlled within ±0.2 meters. Moreover, it can complete multi-depth stratified sampling in sequence according to the preset depth, effectively ensuring the representativeness and accuracy of water samples at different depths and meeting the needs of marine stratified research.

[0023] With multiple protection mechanisms, the system boasts high reliability. It integrates an ultrasonic ranging sensor to achieve obstacle avoidance on the seabed. When the sampler gets too close to the seabed, it is forced to jettison and float to the surface to avoid collision damage or prevent the sampler from continuing to work or returning if the sampling depth is not reached. The combination of a waterproof electromagnetic lock and a thrust spring ensures a stable and reliable sampling triggering mechanism, reducing false sampling or missed sampling. The control cabin adopts a high-pressure sealing design to protect the internal electronic components from deep-sea pressure and seawater corrosion, extending the service life of the equipment.

[0024] Combining positioning and warning, the sampler is easy and efficient to retrieve. After the sampler floats to the surface, it automatically activates GPS / BeiDou positioning and warning lights. The positioning information is obtained in real time through the host computer, allowing staff to quickly locate and retrieve the sampler, greatly reducing the difficulty and cost of retrieval and improving operational efficiency.

[0025] The modular structure facilitates operation and maintenance. The sample storage component, buoyancy component, and control chamber all adopt a modular design, with each component installed and disassembled independently, simplifying daily maintenance, component replacement, and water sample extraction. For example, the sample storage component can be quickly fixed or removed using the sample storage cylinder fixing handle, eliminating the need for complex tools and reducing on-site operation difficulty. The end-cap structure of the control chamber makes the inspection and replacement of internal main control board, batteries, and other components more convenient, reducing equipment maintenance costs and repair difficulty.

[0026] With controllable costs and wide applicability, the system's core components use cost-effective industrial-grade materials, such as titanium alloys, which not only meet the environmental requirements of high pressure and corrosion resistance in the deep sea, but also avoid the problem of excessive costs caused by over-reliance on expensive special materials. At the same time, the system supports flexible adjustment of the number of sample storage components (1-6 sets are all possible) and the sampling depth range (10-6000 meters) according to sampling needs, and can adapt to the sampling needs of different scenarios such as marine scientific research, environmental monitoring, and resource exploration, making it extremely versatile. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0028] Figure 1 Axonometric view of the water intake system assembly; Figure 2 Sampler rack mounting side view; Figure 3 Main view of the water intake system assembly; Figure 4 Main view of the buoyancy component; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the sample storage component; Figure 6 Sectional view of the control cabin; Figure 7 Workflow diagram of the water intake system; Figure 8 Water intake system control flowchart.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-sampler frame, 2-lifting handle, 3-sample storage assembly, 4-buoyancy assembly, 5-control compartment; 101-Recovery handle, 102-Lifting plate, 103-Release inner sleeve, 104-Release outer sleeve, 105-Locking nut on outer sleeve, 106-Lower locking nut on outer sleeve, 107-Lower fixing block of sample cylinder, 108-Lower fixing block of sample cylinder, 109-Fixing handle of sample cylinder, 110-Elastic adjustment bolt, 111-Fixing bolt fixing nut, 112-Lifting plate hook, 113-Release hook, 114-Waterproof electromagnetic lock, 115-Lifting inner sleeve limit screw, 116-Micro spring, 117-Thrust spring, 118-Upper fixing plate, 119-Lower fixing plate; 301 - Sample storage cylinder outer shell; 302 - Sampling piston limiter; 303 - Sampling piston; 304 - X-type high-pressure sealing ring; 305 - O-type sealing ring; 306 - Sampling barrel lower cover; 307 - Water inlet piston; 308 - Silicone gasket; 309 - Water outlet piston; 310 - Silicone gasket; 310 - Water outlet piston spring; 311 - Water outlet spring washer; 312 - Water inlet piston spring; 313 - Water inlet spring washer; 314 - Lower cover sealing ring; 315 - Water inlet piston sealing ring; 316 - Water outlet piston sealing ring; 317 - Water outlet connection thread. 401-Buoyancy block, 402-Load launcher, 403-Magnetic load launcher; 501-Control cabin shell, 502-Control cabin end cover, 503-Control cabin sealing ring, 504-Main control board, 505-Battery, 506-Pressure sensor, 507-Ultrasonic ranging sensor, 508-Multi-wire watertight connector, 509-Positioning and communication combination antenna, 510-Warning light. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0032] Reference Figures 1-8 : The pressure-sensing-based cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system comprises five core components: a sampler frame 1, a lifting handle 2, a sample storage assembly 3, a buoyancy assembly 4, and a control cabin 5. These components work collaboratively via mechanical or electrical connections, as detailed below: Sampler frame 1: Serving as the system's load-bearing frame, it is made of high-strength titanium alloy, possessing corrosion resistance and high-pressure resistance properties. It is used to fix the sample storage component 3, lifting handle 2, and other auxiliary components. The sampler frame 1 is equipped with a mounting slot that matches the sample storage component 3, ensuring the sample storage component 3 is securely installed.

[0033] Lifting handle 2: Made of high-strength titanium alloy, one end is movably connected to the sampler frame 1, and the other end is linked to the sampling piston 303 in the sample storage assembly 3. By pressing or pulling the lifting handle 2, the sampling piston 303 can be moved, realizing the preparation before sampling and the piston raising and lowering during the sampling process.

[0034] Sample storage assembly 3: This is the core sampling component, including the sample storage cylinder shell 301, sampling piston limiter 302, sampling piston 303, X-type high-pressure sealing ring 304, O-type sealing ring 305, sampling barrel lower cover 306, water inlet piston 307, silicone pad 308, water outlet piston 309, water outlet piston spring 310, water outlet spring washer 311, water inlet piston spring 312, water inlet spring washer 313, lower cover sealing ring 314, water inlet piston sealing ring 315, water outlet piston sealing ring 316, and water outlet connection thread 317. The outer shell 301 of the sample storage cylinder is made of high-strength titanium alloy, which facilitates the storage of high-pressure water samples. The sampling piston 303 is sealed to the inner wall of the outer shell 301 by an X-shaped high-pressure sealing ring 304 to ensure no water leakage under high pressure. The inlet piston 307 and the outlet piston 309 are automatically reset by the inlet piston spring 312 and the outlet piston spring 310, respectively, which, together with the sealing ring, ensures the sealing performance and integrity of the water sample during the sampling process. In addition, the sample storage assembly 3 is fixed to the sampler frame 1 by the upper fixing block 108, the lower fixing block 107, and the sample storage cylinder fixing handle 109. The sample storage cylinder fixing handle 109 can be adjusted by rotation to facilitate the installation and removal of the sample storage assembly 3.

[0035] Buoyancy component 4 includes a buoyancy block 401, a launcher 402, and a magnetic launcher weight 403. The buoyancy block 401 is made of lightweight, high-strength glass microsphere composite material. Its buoyancy can be customized according to the overall weight of the sampler to ensure the system can smoothly rise after sampling. The launcher 402 is electrically connected to the main control board 504 in the control compartment 5 and has an internal electromagnetic adsorption structure for adsorbing and fixing the magnetic launcher weight 403. The magnetic launcher weight 403 is made of high-density magnetic metal material. It achieves the initial sinking of the sampler through its own weight. When it receives a launch signal from the main control board 504, the launcher 402 is de-energized, its magnetism disappears, and the magnetic launcher weight 403 detaches, reducing the sampler's weight and allowing it to rise in conjunction with the buoyancy block 401. Simultaneously, if the system battery is low or malfunctions, the launcher 402 is de-energized, its magnetism disappears, and the magnetic launcher weight 403 detaches, reducing the sampler's weight and allowing it to rise in conjunction with the buoyancy block 401 for self-rescue, preventing the sampler from being lost.

[0036] Control Cabin 5: The core of the system's control, comprising a control cabin shell 501, a control cabin end cap 502, a control cabin sealing ring 503, a main control board 504, a battery 505, a pressure sensor 506, an ultrasonic ranging sensor 507, a multi-wire watertight connector 508, a positioning and communication antenna combination 509, and an alarm light 510. The control cabin shell 501 is made of titanium alloy. The control cabin end cap 502 is sealed to the control cabin shell 501 by the control cabin sealing ring 503, forming a waterproof and pressure-resistant cavity to protect the internal electronic components. The main control board 504 uses an industrial-grade microcontroller, integrating data processing and signal control functions, and is electrically connected to the battery 505, pressure sensor 506, ultrasonic ranging sensor 507, multi-wire watertight connector 508, positioning and communication antenna combination 509, and alarm light 510. The battery 505 uses a high-capacity lithium battery pack to provide power to the entire system. The pressure sensor 506 is used for detection... External water pressure is converted into a depth signal to achieve precise monitoring and control of sampling depth; the ultrasonic ranging sensor 507 is used to detect the distance between the sampler and the seabed to avoid collisions; the positioning and communication combination antenna 509 integrates GPS / BeiDou positioning and wireless communication functions, which can send positioning information and sampling status information to the host computer (computer, mobile phone) and receive control commands from the host computer (Bluetooth, LoRa); the warning light 510 uses a high-brightness LED light, which is waterproof and pressure-resistant and turns on after the sampler floats to the surface, making it easy for staff to find the sampler's location.

[0037] In addition, the system also includes a release assembly, specifically a release inner sleeve 103, a release outer sleeve 104, an upper locking nut 105 on the outer sleeve, a lower locking nut 106 on the outer sleeve, a spring adjustment bolt 110, a spring adjustment bolt fixing nut 111, a lifting plate hook 112, a release hook 113, a waterproof electromagnetic lock 114, a release inner sleeve limit screw 115, a micro spring 116, a thrust spring 117, an upper fixing plate 118, and a lower fixing plate 119. The release sleeve 104 is fixed to the upper fixing plate 118 and the lower fixing plate 119 by the upper locking nut 105 and the lower locking nut 106 of the release sleeve; the release inner sleeve 103 is fitted inside the release sleeve 104, and the range of motion is limited by the release inner sleeve limiting screw 115; the thrust spring 117 is located between the release inner sleeve 103 and the release sleeve 104, providing power for the rise of the release inner sleeve 103; the lifting plate hook 112 is connected to the release inner sleeve 103, and the release hook 113 is connected to the sampler frame 1, and the two can be interlocked, and the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 is used to lock the interlocked state of the release hook 113 and the lifting plate hook 112; the elastic adjustment bolt 110 and the elastic adjustment bolt fixing nut 111 are used to adjust the preload of the thrust spring 117 to ensure that the thrust size meets the sampling requirements.

[0038] The operating principle of the pressure-sensing-based cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system is as follows: Sampling preparation stage: The staff installs the sample storage component 3 on the sampler frame 1, rotates the sample storage cylinder fixing handle 109, and locks the sample storage component 3 in place via the upper fixing block 108 and the lower fixing block 107 of the sample storage cylinder; presses down the lifting plate 102, causing the release inner sleeve 103 to move downwards, so that the lifting plate hook 112 and the release hook 113 engage, and simultaneously the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 extends its locking tongue to lock the engagement state; presses down the lifting handle 2, causing the sampling piston 303 to move downwards, so that the sampling piston 303 and the water inlet piston 307 fit tightly together, expelling air from the sample storage cylinder and completing the sealing preparation before sampling; repeats the above actions, installing and adjusting multiple sample storage components 3 according to sampling requirements. Subsequently, the staff uses a host computer to establish a connection with the main control board 504 via the positioning communication combination antenna 509, sends instructions to the main control board 504, sets multiple sampling depth values ​​(including the first depth value, the second depth value… the sixth depth value, etc.), and after completing the preparation work, places the sampler into the sampling water area.

[0039] Autonomous sinking and stratified sampling phase: The sampler automatically sinks under the gravity of the magnetically launched weight 403. During the sinking process, the pressure sensor 506 detects the external water pressure in real time and transmits the water pressure data to the main control board 504. The main control board 504 calculates the current depth of the sampler based on the preset water pressure-depth correspondence. At the same time, the ultrasonic ranging sensor 507 detects the distance between the sampler and the seabed in real time. If the measured distance is less than 0.5 meters, the main control board 504 immediately sends a command to the launcher 402 to control the launcher 402 to cut off the power, launch the magnetically launched weight 403, and force the sampler to float up to avoid collision with the seabed (the forced floating system simultaneously completes sampling at a preset depth below this depth).

[0040] When the pressure sensor 506 detects that the external water pressure has reached the set first sampling depth maximum value, the main control board 504 simultaneously performs two operations: first, it controls the power outage of the ejector 402 to eject the magnetic ejector weight 403 to reduce the weight of the sampler; second, it controls the power outage of the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 corresponding to the first sampling depth, the lock tongue retracts, and the lock on the release hook 113 and the lifting plate hook 112 is released.

[0041] At this time, the thrust spring 117 pushes the release inner sleeve 103 upward under the preload, and the release inner sleeve 103 drives the lifting plate 102 upward. The lifting plate 102 further drives the sampling piston 303 upward through the lifting handle 2, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the sample storage cylinder (i.e., a pressure difference is generated inside and outside the sample storage cylinder). Under the action of the pressure difference, the water inlet piston 307 moves upward against the elastic force of the water inlet piston spring 312, the water inlet channel is opened, and the external seawater enters the sample storage cylinder along the conical surface gap of the lower cover 306 of the sample storage cylinder. When the sampling piston 303 rises to the sampling piston limiter 302, the sampling piston 303 stops moving, and the water sample collection volume in the sample storage cylinder reaches the preset value. At this time, the water inlet piston 307 resets under the elastic force of the water inlet piston spring 312, closes the water inlet channel, and completes the water sample collection at the first depth.

[0042] After the launcher 402 launches the magnetic launcher weight 403, the sampler begins to slowly rise under the buoyancy of the buoyancy block 401. During the rising process, the pressure sensor 506 continuously detects changes in water pressure, and the main control board 504 calculates the real-time depth of the sampler based on these changes. When the depth corresponding to the detected pressure value reaches the set second sampling depth value, the main control board 504 repeats the above sampling control logic, controlling the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 corresponding to the second depth sampling to de-energize, releasing the sampling piston 303, and enabling seawater to enter and be stored through pressure difference, thus completing the water sample collection at the second depth. Following this logic, the main control board 504 can sequentially control each sample storage component 3 to complete stratified sampling at different depths.

[0043] Ascent and Recovery Phase: After all sampling tasks at preset depths are completed, the sampler continues to rise under the action of buoyancy block 401 until it reaches the water surface. At this time, pressure sensor 506 detects that the water pressure has dropped to the surface ambient pressure (close to atmospheric pressure) and immediately transmits the signal to main control board 504. Main control board 504 controls positioning and communication combination antenna 509 to activate GPS / BeiDou positioning function to obtain the real-time location information of the sampler, and controls warning light 510 to turn on, emitting a high-brightness warning signal. At the same time, positioning and communication combination antenna 509 packages and sends the sampler's positioning information, sampling completion status, and other data to the host computer. After obtaining the information through the host computer, the staff steers the sampling vessel to the target location to recover the sampler.

[0044] After the sampling vessel arrives at the recovery site, the staff retrieves the sampler onto the vessel, releases the sample storage cylinder fixing handle 109, removes the lifting handle 2, and removes the sample storage component 3 from the sampler frame 1, sending it to the laboratory for water sample analysis. If sampling is required at the next sampling point, the above steps of sampling preparation, autonomous sinking and stratified sampling, and surfacing recovery are repeated to achieve continuous sampling operations.

[0045] Furthermore, for the water sample collected in the sample storage component 3, a dedicated sampling system is required for extraction. The sampling valve of the dedicated sampling system is connected to the sample storage cylinder via the drain connection thread 317. When the sampling valve is rotated, the valve core of the sampling valve pushes the drain piston 309, and the water sample in the sample storage cylinder flows into the dedicated sampling system under its own pressure, completing the water sample extraction. After extraction, the sampling valve is removed, and the drain piston 309 is reset under the elastic force of the drain piston spring 310, closing the drain channel. This dedicated sampling valve and sampling system are not within the scope of protection of this patent application.

[0046] The operational process of the pressure-sensing-based cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system is as follows: To enable those skilled in the art to accurately implement this invention, the following detailed explanation of the system's installation, operation, retrieval, and anomaly handling procedures is provided, using a specific scenario (taking "water sample collection from six depths (200m, 300m, 500m, 600m, 700m, and 800m) in a deep-sea area of ​​the South China Sea" as an example): Installation and preparation (land / sampling vessel deck operations) 1) Component inspection and assembly (1) Check the appearance and function of each component: confirm that the outer shell 301 of the sample storage cylinder is free of cracks, the sealing rings 304 / 305 / 314 / 315 / 316 are undamaged, the locking tongue of the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 extends and retracts normally after being powered on, the pressure sensor 506 and the ultrasonic ranging sensor 507 provide stable data feedback after being powered on, and the positioning communication combination antenna 509 communicates normally with the host computer (laptop or mobile phone).

[0047] (2) Assemble the sample storage assembly 3: After putting the sampling piston 303 on the X-type high pressure sealing ring 304, put it into the outer shell of the sample storage cylinder 301. Install the sampling barrel lower cover 306, water inlet piston 307, water inlet piston spring 312, and water inlet spring washer 313 in sequence at the bottom, and fix the lower cover with the concave and convex toothed groove (ensure that the lower cover sealing ring 314 is sealed in place); install the water drain piston 309, water drain piston spring 310 and water drain spring washer 311 at the bottom to complete the assembly of a single set of sample storage assemblies (6 sets are assembled in total).

[0048] (3) Fixing system components: Install the 6 sets of sample storage components 3 into the mounting slots of the sampler frame 1 in sequence, rotate the sample storage cylinder fixing handle 109, and lock the sample storage components through the upper fixing block 108 and the lower fixing block 107 of the sample storage cylinder; fix the buoyancy block 401 (customized buoyancy of 800N, matching the total weight of the system of 650N) on both sides of the top of the sampler frame 1, install the launcher 402 below the buoyancy block, and adsorb the magnetic launcher 403 (single weight of 5kg, a total of 6 blocks); fix the control chamber 5 to the bottom of the sampler frame 1, and connect the control chamber to the launcher and the waterproof electromagnetic lock wires through the multi-line watertight connector 508.

[0049] 2) Sampling parameter setting and debugging

[0050] (1) Host computer connection: Establish a wireless connection with the positioning communication combination antenna 509 through a laptop (host computer) (communication distance ≥ 3000 meters), open the matching control software, and read the system status (battery power, whether the sensor is online, electromagnetic lock status).

[0051] (2) Parameter settings: In the control software, the sampling depth is set to "800 meters (first depth), 700 meters (second depth), 600 meters (third depth), 500 meters (fourth depth), 300 meters (fifth depth), 200 meters (sixth depth)", the sampling trigger pressure threshold is set to "800 meters (calculated based on seawater density of 1.025 g / cm³, the pressure corresponding to 800 meters is approximately 8.04 MPa)", the obstacle avoidance threshold is "distance from seabed < 0.5 meters", and the warning light 510 is activated under the condition of "pressure < 0.1 MPa (water surface environmental pressure)".

[0052] (3) Pre-adjustment: Press the lifting plate 102 to confirm that the lifting plate hook 112 and the release hook 113 are engaged, and the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 is automatically locked; press the lifting handle 2 to drive the sampling piston 303 to move down to fit with the water inlet piston 307, and send a “simulated sampling signal” through the host computer to confirm that after the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 is de-energized, the release inner sleeve 103 can drive the sampling piston 303 to rise (stroke 15cm, matching the sample storage cylinder volume 500mL), and the adjustment is completed.

[0053] Underwater sampling (offshore operation)

[0054] 1) The system deployment sampling vessel is moored at the target sampling point. The windproof device of the side deck crane is turned off. The sampler is slowly lowered to the water surface by the crane (avoiding collision with the ship's side). After confirming that the system is vertical, the crane hook is disconnected. The sampler sinks autonomously under the gravity of the magnetically thrown weight block 403 (initial sinking speed is about 0.5m / s).

[0055] 2) Real-time monitoring and sampling control

[0056] (1) Monitoring of sinking process: The sampler control system receives depth data (pressure sensor 506 uploads data once every 1 second) and seabed distance data (ultrasonic ranging sensor 507 uploads data once every 2 seconds) in real time and displays the real-time depth of the sampler.

[0057] (2) First depth sampling (800 meters): When the depth data shows that the depth reaches 800 meters (pressure 8.04 MPa), the sampling control system receives a "sampling trigger" signal, the launcher 402 is de-energized and launches a magnetic launcher block 403, and at the same time, the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 corresponding to the 800-meter sampling is de-energized and released, the sampling piston 303 rises, and the 800-meter water sample collection is completed.

[0058] (3) Second depth sampling (700 meters): After the sampler is jettisoned, it begins to float (floating speed is about 0.2 m / s). When the depth data drops to 700 meters (pressure 7.03 MPa), the system automatically triggers the release of the second set of waterproof electromagnetic locks 114, repeats the sampling action, and completes the 700-meter water sample collection.

[0059] (4) Third depth sampling (600 meters): Continue to rise to 600 meters (pressure 6.03 MPa), trigger the release of the third set of waterproof electromagnetic locks, and complete the 600-meter water sample collection.

[0060] (5) Fourth depth sampling (500 meters): Continue to rise to 500 meters (pressure 5.02 MPa), trigger the release of the fourth set of waterproof electromagnetic locks, and complete the 500-meter water sample collection.

[0061] (6) Fifth depth sampling (300 meters): Continue to rise to 300 meters (pressure 3.01 MPa), trigger the release of the fifth set of waterproof electromagnetic locks, and complete the 300-meter water sample collection.

[0062] (7) Sixth depth sampling (200 meters): Continue to rise to 200 meters (pressure 2.01 MPa), trigger the release of the sixth set of waterproof electromagnetic locks, and complete the 200-meter water sample collection.

[0063] 3) Abnormal situation handling If the ultrasonic ranging sensor 507 measures "0.4 meters from the seabed" (less than the 0.5-meter threshold) during the sinking process, the system will immediately trigger "forced ballast jettison" and jettison 6 magnetic ballast weights 403. At the same time, the sampler will quickly rise. During the ascent, the sampler control system will receive depth data in real time. If the depth matches the set sampling depth, the matching depth waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 will be activated to release and sample at the set depth.

[0064] Recycling and Water Sample Treatment

[0065] 1) After the system recovers the sampler and floats to the surface, the pressure sensor 506 detects that the pressure is <0.12MPa, the warning light 510 automatically turns on (red flashing, flashing frequency 1 time / second), and the positioning and communication combination antenna 509 sends GPS / BeiDou positioning information (accuracy ±5 meters) to the host computer; the sampling vessel navigates to the recovery point according to the positioning information and uses a crane to retrieve the sampler onto the vessel.

[0066] 2) Water sample extraction: Remove the sample storage component 3, rotate the sample storage cylinder fixing handle 109, loosen the upper fixing block 108 and lower fixing block 107 of the sample storage cylinder, remove the lifting handle 2, and remove the 6 sets of sample storage components 3 from the sampler rack 1 and place them in a special insulated sample box (keeping them vertical).

[0067] 3) Specialized sampling operation: Sampling must be performed on a laboratory-specific pressure-holding sampler (the specialized pressure-holding sampler is not covered by this patent). Place the sample storage cylinder and sampling bottle on the pressure-holding sampler, thread the pressure push rod onto the sampling piston 303, and connect the laboratory-specific sampling valve to the lower cover 306 of the sample storage cylinder via the drain connection thread 317. Rotate the sampling valve clockwise (torque 5N). (m), the valve core top opens the water piston 309, and under the push of the pressure push rod of the special pressure-holding sampler, the water sample flows along the sampling valve into the sterile sampling bottle (500mL per bottle, matching the volume of the sample storage cylinder); after sampling is completed, the sampling valve is removed counterclockwise, and the water release piston 309 is reset under the action of the spring, completing the water sample extraction (the sampling process must be carried out on a sterile operating table to avoid contamination).

[0068] Equipment cleaning and storage

[0069] Rinse the surface of the sampler frame 1, lifting handle 2, and control chamber 5 with fresh water to remove seawater salt. After drying, check the sealing rings and wire connectors for damage. After high-pressure sterilization, the sample storage component 3 is stored. The control chamber 5 is recharged with battery power to prepare for the next sampling point operation.

[0070] The pressure-sensing-based cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling method utilizes the aforementioned pressure-sensing-based cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system and includes the following steps: S1: Installation preparation. Install the sample storage components on the sampler frame. Rotate the sample storage cylinder fixing handle to lock the sample storage components through the upper and lower fixing blocks of the sample storage cylinder. Press down the lifting plate to engage the lifting plate hook with the release hook, and lock the waterproof electromagnetic lock. Press the lifting handle to drive the sampling piston to engage with the water inlet piston. Repeat the action to complete the installation of multiple sets of sample storage components. The host computer connects to the sampling control system through the positioning combination antenna and sets multiple sampling depth values. S2: Autonomous sinking and stratified sampling. The water sampling system is placed in the sampling area, and the system sinks under the gravity of the magnetically thrown load. The pressure sensor detects the water pressure in real time and transmits it to the main control board. When the pressure sensor detects that the water pressure has reached the first sampling depth threshold, the loader is de-energized and throws the magnetic load block. At the same time, the waterproof electromagnetic lock corresponding to the first depth retracts, and the release device inner sleeve rises under the action of the thrust spring. Through the lifting plate and lifting handle, it drives the sampling piston to rise and form a pressure difference. The water inlet piston opens, and seawater enters the sample storage cylinder. The sampling piston stops after touching the sampling piston limiter. The water inlet piston closes the water inlet channel under the action of the water inlet piston spring, completing the first depth sampling. The system rises under the action of the buoyancy block. When the pressure sensor detects that the water pressure has reached the second sampling depth threshold, the waterproof electromagnetic lock corresponding to the second depth is de-energized. The inner sleeve of the release device rises under the action of the thrust spring, which drives the sampling piston to rise through the lifting plate and lifting handle to create a pressure difference. The water inlet piston opens, and seawater enters the sample storage cylinder. The sampling piston stops after touching the sampling piston limiter. The water inlet piston closes the water inlet channel under the action of the water inlet piston spring, completing the second depth sampling. The sampler rises and completes sampling at all preset depths in sequence. S3: Forced Recovery. The water sampling system is placed in the sampling area and sinks under the gravity of the magnetically thrown weight. The ultrasonic ranging sensor detects the distance to the seabed. Once the predetermined distance is reached, the main control board controls the thrower to de-energize and throw the magnetically thrown weight, causing the system to float. If the preset maximum sampling depth has not yet been reached, the main control board controls the thrower to de-energize and throw the magnetically thrown weight, forcing the system to float while simultaneously completing sampling at a depth lower than the preset value. S4: Rising and recovering. After the system rises to the surface, the pressure sensor detects the predetermined water pressure value. The main control board then controls the positioning and communication antenna to activate the positioning function, the warning lights to turn on, and sends the positioning information to the host computer. The sampling vessel recovers the system based on the positioning information, releases the sample storage cylinder fixing handle, and removes the sample storage component. S5: Water sample extraction. Connect the special sampling valve to the sample storage cylinder through the drain connection thread, open the drain piston to extract the water sample, and remove the sampling valve after extraction. The drain piston will reset under the action of the drain piston spring.

[0071] 10. The cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling control method based on pressure sensing according to claim 9, characterized in that, in step S1, the sampling depth range set by the host computer is 10-6000 meters, and the number of sample storage components installed is 1-6 sets. In step S2, the initial sinking speed of the system is 0.5-1.0 m / s, and the buoyancy speed is 0.2-0.4 m / s.

[0072] In step S2, the pressure sensor uploads water pressure data to the main control board every 1 second, and the ultrasonic ranging sensor uploads distance data to the seabed to the main control board every 2 seconds.

[0073] In step S3, the warning light is a red LED array with a flashing frequency of 1 time / second; the positioning accuracy of the positioning and communication combination antenna is ±5 meters.

[0074] In step S5, the torque when the special sampling valve is connected to the drain connection thread is 4-6N. m, the volume of the sample storage tube matches the volume of the sterile sampling bottle, which is 300-1000mL.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system based on pressure sensing, characterized in that, Includes a sampler frame, lifting assembly, sample storage assembly, buoyancy assembly, and control chamber; The sampler frame is a frame structure, with an internal buoyancy assembly and control chamber; and an external sample storage assembly and lifting assembly. The bottom of the buoyancy component is equipped with multiple sets of magnetically thrown weight blocks; The sample storage assembly includes multiple sample storage cylinders, each sample storage cylinder having a one-way sealing structure at its end, and a piston is installed inside the sample storage cylinder. The lifting assembly is used to move the piston. The control cabin is used to control the status of the lifting assembly and the magnetically thrown load.

2. The cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system based on pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampler frame includes an upper fixing plate, a lower fixing plate, and a mounting plate; The upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate are connected by a mounting plate; the sample storage assembly is disposed on the outside of the mounting plate; a release device is disposed on the inside of the mounting plate, and the release device is used to control the lifting assembly.

3. The cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system based on pressure sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes a release outer sleeve, a release inner sleeve, a thrust spring, and a lifting plate; The releaser outer sleeve is slidably connected to the releaser inner sleeve, and the releaser inner sleeve is provided with a thrust spring. One end of the thrust spring is fixedly connected to the releaser outer sleeve, and the other end is fixedly connected to the releaser inner sleeve. The end of the releaser inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the lifting plate. The first side of the lifting plate is connected to the piston rod, and the second side of the lifting plate is connected to the releaser through a hook.

4. The cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system based on pressure sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The release device includes a waterproof electromagnetic lock, a release hook, and a micro-motion spring; the waterproof electromagnetic lock is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting plate; the release hook is located at the output end of the waterproof electromagnetic lock, and the micro-motion spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting plate and located on one side of the release hook.

5. The cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system based on pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one-way sealing structure includes a sampling barrel lower cover and a water inlet piston. The sampling barrel lower cover is fixedly connected to the end of the sample storage cylinder. The water inlet piston is connected to the sampling barrel lower cover through a water inlet piston spring. When the water inlet piston spring is in the reset state, the side wall of the water inlet piston abuts against the inner wall of the sampling barrel lower cover. The contact surface between the sampling barrel lower cover and the water inlet piston is an inclined surface.

6. The cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system based on pressure sensing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inlet piston has a through hole, and a drain piston is installed inside the through hole. The drain piston is connected to the through hole through a drain piston spring. When the drain piston spring is in the reset state, the sealing head at the end of the drain piston abuts against the end of the through hole. A drain connection threaded hole is provided on one side of the through hole, and the drain connection threaded hole is connected to the through hole.

7. The cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system based on pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buoyancy assembly includes a buoyancy block, a launcher, and a magnetic launcher. The launcher is located at the bottom of the buoyancy block and is magnetically connected to the magnetic launcher.

8. The cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system based on pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control cabin includes a control cabin shell, which is hollow inside and has a control cabin end cap at one end. The control cabin shell contains a battery and a main control board. The control cabin end cap is equipped with a pressure sensor, an ultrasonic ranging sensor, and a multi-wire watertight connector. The pressure sensor and the ultrasonic ranging sensor are connected to the main control board through the multi-wire watertight connector.

9. A cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling method based on pressure sensing, characterized in that, The method utilizes the pressure-sensing-based cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling system according to any one of claims 1-8, and includes the following steps: S1: Installation preparation. Install the sample storage components on the sampler frame. Rotate the sample storage cylinder fixing handle to lock the sample storage components through the upper and lower fixing blocks of the sample storage cylinder. Press down the lifting plate to engage the lifting plate hook with the release hook, and lock the waterproof electromagnetic lock. Press the lifting handle to drive the sampling piston to engage with the water inlet piston. Repeat the action to complete the installation of multiple sets of sample storage components. The host computer connects to the sampling control system through the positioning combination antenna and sets multiple sampling depth values. S2: Autonomous sinking and stratified sampling. The water sampling system is placed in the sampling area, and the system sinks under the gravity of the magnetically thrown load. The pressure sensor detects the water pressure in real time and transmits it to the main control board. When the pressure sensor detects that the water pressure has reached the first sampling depth threshold, the loader is de-energized and throws the magnetic load block. At the same time, the waterproof electromagnetic lock corresponding to the first depth retracts, and the release device inner sleeve rises under the action of the thrust spring. Through the lifting plate and lifting handle, it drives the sampling piston to rise and form a pressure difference. The water inlet piston opens, and seawater enters the sample storage cylinder. The sampling piston stops after touching the sampling piston limiter. The water inlet piston closes the water inlet channel under the action of the water inlet piston spring, completing the first depth sampling. The system rises under the action of the buoyancy block. When the pressure sensor detects that the water pressure has reached the second sampling depth threshold, the waterproof electromagnetic lock corresponding to the second depth is de-energized. The inner sleeve of the release device rises under the action of the thrust spring, which drives the sampling piston to rise through the lifting plate and lifting handle to create a pressure difference. The water inlet piston opens, and seawater enters the sample storage cylinder. The sampling piston stops after touching the sampling piston limiter. The water inlet piston closes the water inlet channel under the action of the water inlet piston spring, completing the second depth sampling. The sampler rises and completes sampling at all preset depths in sequence. S3: Forced Recovery. The water sampling system is placed in the sampling area. Under the gravity of the magnetically thrown weight, the system sinks. The ultrasonic ranging sensor detects the distance to the seabed. Once the predetermined distance is reached, the main control board controls the thrower to de-energize and throw the magnetically thrown weight, causing the system to float. If the preset maximum sampling depth has not yet been reached, the main control board controls the thrower to de-energize and throw the magnetically thrown weight, forcing the system to float while simultaneously completing sampling at a depth lower than the preset value. S4: Rising and recovering. After the system rises to the surface, the pressure sensor detects the predetermined water pressure value. The main control board then controls the positioning and communication antenna to activate the positioning function, the warning lights to turn on, and sends the positioning information to the host computer. The sampling vessel recovers the system based on the positioning information, releases the sample storage cylinder fixing handle, and removes the sample storage component. S5: Water sample extraction. Connect the special sampling valve to the sample storage cylinder through the drain connection thread, open the drain piston to extract the water sample, and remove the sampling valve after extraction. The drain piston will reset under the action of the drain piston spring.

10. The cableless deep-sea stratified water sampling control method based on pressure sensing according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S1, the sampling depth range set by the host computer is 10-6000 meters, and the number of sample storage components installed is 1-6 sets. In step S2, the initial sinking speed of the system is 0.5-1.0 m / s, and the buoyancy speed is 0.2-0.4 m / s. In step S2, the pressure sensor uploads water pressure data to the main control board every 1 second, and the ultrasonic ranging sensor uploads distance data to the seabed to the main control board every 2 seconds. In step S3, the warning light is a red LED array with a flashing frequency of 1 time / second; the positioning accuracy of the positioning and communication combination antenna is ±5 meters. In step S5, the torque when the special sampling valve is connected to the drain connection thread is 4-6N. m, the volume of the sample storage tube matches the volume of the sterile sampling bottle, which is 300-1000mL.

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