Immersed R32 energy storage battery thermal management system with multiple loops

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, and discloses an immersed R32 energy storage battery thermal management system with a multi-loop, comprising: a refrigerant loop formed by sequentially connecting a compressor, a gas-liquid heat exchanger, a throttle valve, a liquid-liquid heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator in series; the secondary refrigerant loop can exchange heat with the gas-liquid heat exchanger and the liquid-liquid heat exchanger; and the secondary refrigerant loop is used for radiating, heating or cooling the battery cluster. The system is composed of the refrigerant loop and the secondary refrigerant loop, heat exchange between the refrigerant loop and the secondary refrigerant loop is achieved through the gas-liquid heat exchanger and the liquid-liquid heat exchanger, temperature control over the battery cluster is completely completed through the secondary refrigerant loop, and compared with the prior art, the flow direction of a refrigerant does not need to be changed, the operation reliability of the system can be effectively improved, and the service life of the system is prolonged. The heating energy consumption is obviously reduced, and the performance coefficient is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery thermal management technology, and in particular to a thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of energy storage power stations, batteries are susceptible to performance and safety issues if their operating temperature is too high or too low. The optimal operating temperature for batteries is 15~35℃, and the maximum temperature difference between individual battery cells in a battery pack should not exceed 5℃.

[0003] Existing technologies typically utilize battery thermal management systems to regulate battery temperature, ensuring it operates at its optimal temperature and preventing excessive temperature differences. For example, patent publication number CN113540609A discloses an energy storage battery thermal management system where the compressor outlet is connected to the first port of a four-way valve, the second port of the four-way valve is connected to a first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger is connected to a second heat exchanger. The compressor and the second heat exchanger can be switched between cooling and heating modes as needed. Although this patent avoids adding any pipes or altering component positions by changing the pipe connection method through the four-way valve, this structural form changes the original refrigerant flow direction, affecting system reliability. Patent publication number CN221947221U discloses an immersion energy storage battery thermal management system. In this patent, the heat exchange mechanism includes a refrigeration pipeline composed of an evaporator, compressor, condenser fan, electronic expansion valve, and several three-way valves. The refrigeration cycle is completed through heat exchange between the refrigerant and the refrigeration pipeline, and the heating cycle is achieved by combining it with a water-based PTC heater. This patent consumes a large amount of electricity and has a low coefficient of performance (COP) during heating.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a reliable battery thermal management system with low heating energy consumption is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops, comprising:

[0007] The refrigerant circuit consists of a compressor, a gas-liquid heat exchanger, a throttle valve, a liquid-liquid heat exchanger, and a gas-liquid separator connected in series.

[0008] The refrigerant circuit is capable of exchanging heat with a gas-liquid heat exchanger or a liquid-liquid heat exchanger; the refrigerant circuit is used to dissipate heat, heat or cool the battery cluster.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0010] The immersion oil circuit consists of a battery cluster, a plate heat exchanger, and a first water pump connected in series, and the refrigerant circuit is connected to the plate heat exchanger.

[0011] Furthermore, the refrigerant circuit includes:

[0012] The first three-way valve has three ports, namely port A1, port B1 and port C1. The liquid-liquid heat exchanger is connected to port A1 through the second water pump.

[0013] The second three-way valve has three ports, namely port A2, port B2 and port C2. Port C1 is connected to port A2 through a first connecting pipe. A first valve is installed on the first connecting pipe. Port C2 is connected to a plate heat exchanger.

[0014] The third three-way valve has three ports, namely port A3, port B3 and port C3. The plate heat exchanger is connected to port A3 and port B1 is connected to port C3.

[0015] The fourth three-way valve has three ports: A4, B4 and C4. Port B3 is connected to port A4, and port B4 is connected to the liquid-liquid heat exchanger.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0017] The fifth three-way valve has three ports, namely port A5, port B5 and port C5. The gas-liquid heat exchanger is connected to port A5 through the third water pump, and port C5 is connected to port B2.

[0018] The sixth three-way valve has three ports, namely port A6, port B6 and port C6. The plate heat exchanger is connected to port A6. Port B6 is connected to port A3 through a second connecting pipe, and a second valve is installed on the second connecting pipe.

[0019] The seventh three-way valve has three ports: A7, B7 and C7. Port C6 is connected to port C7, and port A7 is connected to the gas-liquid heat exchanger.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0021] The eighth three-way valve has three ports, namely port A8, port B8 and port C8. Port B5 is connected to port A8 through a third connecting pipe, and a third valve is installed on the third connecting pipe.

[0022] The ninth three-way valve has three ports, namely port A9, port B9 and port C9. Port A9 is connected to port B8, and port B9 is connected to port C4 through a fourth connecting pipe. A fourth valve is installed on the fourth connecting pipe.

[0023] The thirteenth-way valve has three ports: A10, B10, and C10. Port C9 is connected to port A10, and port C10 is connected to the outdoor radiator.

[0024] The eleventh three-way valve has three ports, namely A11, B11 and C11. Port A11 is connected to port A4, port B11 is connected to port B3, and port C11 is connected to port B10 through a fifth connecting pipe. A fifth valve is installed on the fifth connecting pipe.

[0025] The twelfth three-way valve has three ports: A12, B12 and C12. Port A12 is connected to the outdoor radiator, port C12 is connected to port C8, and port B12 is connected to port B7 through a sixth connecting pipe. A sixth valve is installed on the sixth connecting pipe.

[0026] Furthermore, when the first, second, third, and sixth valves are opened, a refrigeration circuit and a heat dissipation circuit are formed. In the refrigeration circuit, after exchanging heat with the liquid-liquid heat exchanger, the refrigerant sequentially enters the plate heat exchanger through ports A1, C1, A2, and C2 for further heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the liquid-liquid heat exchanger sequentially through ports A6, B6, A3, B3, B11, A11, A4, and B4. In the heat dissipation circuit, after exchanging heat with the gas-liquid heat exchanger, the refrigerant sequentially enters the outdoor radiator through ports A5, B5, A8, B8, A9, C9, A10, and C10 for further heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the gas-liquid heat exchanger sequentially through ports A12, B12, B7, and A7.

[0027] Furthermore, when the fourth and fifth valves are opened, a heating circuit and a cooling circuit are formed. In the heating circuit, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the gas-liquid heat exchanger and then enters the plate heat exchanger through ports A5, C5, B2, and C2 in sequence for further heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the gas-liquid heat exchanger through ports A6, C6, C7, and A7 in sequence. In the cooling circuit, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the liquid-liquid heat exchanger and then enters the outdoor radiator through ports A1, B1, C3, B3, B11, C11, B10, and C10 in sequence for further heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the liquid-liquid heat exchanger through ports A12, C12, C8, B8, A9, B9, C4, and B4 in sequence.

[0028] Furthermore, when the second, third, and fifth valves are opened, a natural heat dissipation circuit is formed. In the natural heat dissipation circuit, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the plate heat exchanger and then sequentially enters the outdoor radiator through ports A6, B6, A3, B3, B11, C11, B10, and C10 for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the plate radiator sequentially through ports A12, C12, C8, A8, B5, C5, B2, and C2.

[0029] Furthermore, a sight glass is provided between the compressor and the gas-liquid separator.

[0030] Furthermore, the refrigerant circuit is equipped with multiple temperature sensors and pressure sensors, and the refrigerant circuit uses R32 refrigerant; the coolant circuit is equipped with multiple temperature sensors.

[0031] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0032] 1. This invention consists of a refrigerant circuit and a secondary refrigerant circuit. Heat exchange between the refrigerant circuit and the secondary refrigerant circuit is achieved through gas-liquid heat exchangers and liquid-liquid heat exchangers. The temperature control of the battery cluster is entirely completed by the secondary refrigerant circuit. Compared with the prior art, the flow direction of the refrigerant does not need to be changed, which can effectively improve the reliability of system operation.

[0033] 2. This invention allows switching between three modes: cooling mode (cooling circuit and heat dissipation circuit), heating mode (heating circuit and cooling circuit), and natural heat dissipation mode (natural heat dissipation circuit). Switching between modes only requires adjusting the three-way valve and the valves on each connecting pipe, eliminating the need for a four-way valve and PTC auxiliary heating device, thus significantly reducing heating energy consumption and improving the coefficient of performance. Furthermore, the natural heat dissipation mode eliminates the need to start the compressor, utilizing the ambient temperature for heat exchange, further reducing system energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling mode operation;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heating mode operation;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the natural heat dissipation mode operation;

[0039] Among them, 1. Throttling valve; 2. Liquid-liquid heat exchanger; 3. Compressor; 4. Gas-liquid heat exchanger; 5. First valve; 6. Outdoor radiator; 7. Plate heat exchanger; 8. Battery cluster; 9. Sight glass; 10. Gas-liquid separator; 11. Second valve; 12. Third valve; 13. Fourth valve; 14. Fifth valve; 15. Sixth valve. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops, comprising:

[0043] The refrigerant circuit consists of compressor 3, gas-liquid heat exchanger 4, expansion valve 1, liquid-liquid heat exchanger 2 and gas-liquid separator 10 connected in series.

[0044] The refrigerant circuit can exchange heat with the gas-liquid heat exchanger 4 and the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 2; the refrigerant circuit is used to dissipate heat, heat or cool the battery cluster 8.

[0045] In this embodiment, it also includes:

[0046] The immersion oil circuit consists of battery cluster 8, plate heat exchanger 7 and first water pump connected in series, and the refrigerant circuit is connected to plate heat exchanger 7.

[0047] In this embodiment, the refrigerant circuit includes:

[0048] The first three-way valve has three ports, namely port A1, port B1 and port C1. The liquid-liquid heat exchanger 2 is connected to port A1 through the second water pump.

[0049] The second three-way valve has three ports, namely port A2, port B2 and port C2. Port C1 is connected to port A2 through a first connecting pipe. A first valve 5 is installed on the first connecting pipe. Port C2 is connected to plate heat exchanger 7.

[0050] The third three-way valve has three ports: A3, B3 and C3. The plate heat exchanger 7 is connected to port A3 and port B1 is connected to port C3.

[0051] The fourth three-way valve has three ports: A4, B4 and C4. Port B3 is connected to port A4, and port B4 is connected to liquid-liquid heat exchanger 2.

[0052] In this embodiment, it also includes:

[0053] The fifth three-way valve has three ports: A5, B5 and C5. The gas-liquid heat exchanger 4 is connected to port A5 through the third water pump, and port C5 is connected to port B2.

[0054] The sixth three-way valve has three ports, namely port A6, port B6 and port C6. The plate heat exchanger 7 is connected to port A6; port B6 is connected to port A3 through a second connecting pipe, and a second valve 11 is installed on the second connecting pipe.

[0055] The seventh three-way valve has three ports: A7, B7 and C7. Port C6 is connected to port C7, and port A7 is connected to gas-liquid heat exchanger 4.

[0056] In this embodiment, it also includes:

[0057] The eighth three-way valve has three ports, namely port A8, port B8 and port C8. Port B5 is connected to port A8 through a third connecting pipe, and a third valve 12 is installed on the third connecting pipe.

[0058] The ninth three-way valve has three ports, namely port A9, port B9 and port C9. Port A9 is connected to port B8, and port B9 is connected to port C4 through a fourth connecting pipe. A fourth valve 13 is installed on the fourth connecting pipe.

[0059] The thirteenth valve has three ports: A10, B10 and C10. Port C9 is connected to port A10 and port C10 is connected to the outdoor radiator 6.

[0060] The eleventh three-way valve has three ports, namely A11, B11 and C11. A11 is connected to A4, B11 is connected to B3, and C11 is connected to B10 through the fifth connecting pipe. The fifth connecting pipe is equipped with the fifth valve 14.

[0061] The twelfth three-way valve has three ports: A12, B12 and C12. Port A12 is connected to the outdoor radiator 6, port C12 is connected to port C8, and port B12 is connected to port B7 through the sixth connecting pipe. The sixth connecting pipe is equipped with the sixth valve 15.

[0062] In this embodiment, when the battery cluster 8 is in a high-temperature state, the first valve 5, the second valve 11, the third valve 12, and the sixth valve 15 are opened, the compressor 3 is started, the system switches to the cooling mode and forms a cooling circuit and a heat dissipation circuit. In the cooling circuit, after the refrigerant exchanges heat with the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 2, it enters the plate heat exchanger 7 through ports A1, C1, A2, and C2 in sequence for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 2 through ports A6, B6, A3, B3, B11, A11, A4, and B4 in sequence. In the heat dissipation circuit, after the refrigerant exchanges heat with the gas-liquid heat exchanger 4, it enters the outdoor radiator 6 through ports A5, B5, A8, B8, A9, C9, A10, and C10 in sequence for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the gas-liquid heat exchanger 4 through ports A12, B12, B7, and A7 in sequence.

[0063] In this embodiment, when the battery cluster 8 is in a low-temperature state, the fourth valve 13 and the fifth valve 14 are opened, the compressor 3 is started, the system switches to heating mode and forms a heating circuit and a cooling circuit. In the heating circuit, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the gas-liquid heat exchanger 4 and then enters the plate heat exchanger 7 through ports A5, C5, B2, and C2 for heat exchange. The refrigerant after heat exchange flows back to the gas-liquid heat exchanger 4 through ports A6, C6, C7, and A7. In the cooling circuit, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 2 and then enters the outdoor radiator 6 through ports A1, B1, C3, B3, B11, C11, B10, and C10 for heat exchange. The refrigerant after heat exchange flows back to the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 2 through ports A12, C12, C8, B8, A9, B9, C4, and B4.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the battery cluster 8 is in a medium-high temperature state and the ambient temperature is low, the second valve 11, the third valve 12 and the fifth valve 14 are opened, the system switches to natural heat dissipation mode and forms a natural heat dissipation loop; in the natural heat dissipation loop, after the refrigerant exchanges heat with the plate heat exchanger 7, it enters the outdoor radiator 6 for heat exchange through ports A6, B6, A3, B3, B11, C11, B10 and C10 in sequence, and the refrigerant after heat exchange flows back to the plate radiator through ports A12, C12, C8, A8, B5, C5, B2 and C2 in sequence.

[0065] In this embodiment, a sight glass 9 is provided between the compressor 3 and the gas-liquid separator 10.

[0066] In this embodiment, multiple temperature and pressure sensors are installed on the refrigerant circuit, which uses R32 refrigerant; multiple temperature sensors are installed on the secondary refrigerant circuit. R32 refrigerant has zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) and a low global warming potential (GWP), aligning with current environmental protection principles. Furthermore, although R32 refrigerant is flammable, the battery cluster 8 of this invention is completely separated from the secondary refrigerant circuit, ensuring the safety of system operation.

[0067] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0068] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops, characterized in that, include: The refrigerant circuit consists of a compressor (3), a gas-liquid heat exchanger (4), a throttle valve (1), a liquid-liquid heat exchanger (2), and a gas-liquid separator (10) connected in series. The refrigerant circuit is capable of exchanging heat with the gas-liquid heat exchanger (4) and the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (2); the refrigerant circuit is used to dissipate heat, heat or cool the battery cluster (8).

2. The thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The immersion oil circuit is composed of a battery cluster (8), a plate heat exchanger (7) and a first water pump connected in series. The refrigerant circuit is connected to the plate heat exchanger (7).

3. The thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops according to claim 2, characterized in that, The refrigerant circuit includes: The first three-way valve has three ports, namely port A1, port B1 and port C1. The liquid-liquid heat exchanger (2) is connected to port A1 through the second water pump. The second three-way valve has three ports, namely port A2, port B2 and port C2. Port C1 is connected to port A2 through a first connecting pipe. A first valve (5) is installed on the first connecting pipe. Port C2 is connected to a plate heat exchanger (7). The third three-way valve has three ports, namely port A3, port B3 and port C3. The plate heat exchanger (7) is connected to port A3 and port B1 is connected to port C3. The fourth three-way valve has three ports, namely port A4, port B4 and port C4. Port B3 is connected to port A4, and port B4 is connected to the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (2).

4. The thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The fifth three-way valve has three ports, namely port A5, port B5 and port C5. The gas-liquid heat exchanger (4) is connected to port A5 through the third water pump, and port C5 is connected to port B2. The sixth three-way valve has three ports, namely port A6, port B6 and port C6. The plate heat exchanger (7) is connected to port A6. Port B6 is connected to port A3 through a second connecting pipe. A second valve (11) is installed on the second connecting pipe. The seventh three-way valve has three ports, namely port A7, port B7 and port C7. Port C6 is connected to port C7, and port A7 is connected to the gas-liquid heat exchanger (4).

5. A thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The eighth three-way valve has three ports, namely port A8, port B8 and port C8. Port B5 is connected to port A8 through a third connecting pipe, and a third valve (12) is installed on the third connecting pipe. The ninth three-way valve has three ports, namely A9, B9 and C9. A9 is connected to B8, and B9 is connected to C4 through a fourth connecting pipe. A fourth valve (13) is installed on the fourth connecting pipe. The thirteenth valve has three ports: A10, B10 and C10. Port C9 is connected to port A10, and port C10 is connected to the outdoor radiator (6). The eleventh three-way valve has three ports, namely A11, B11 and C11. A11 is connected to A4, B11 is connected to B3, and C11 is connected to B10 through a fifth connecting pipe. A fifth valve (14) is installed on the fifth connecting pipe. The twelfth three-way valve has three ports, namely A12, B12 and C12. The A12 port is connected to the outdoor radiator (6), the C12 port is connected to the C8 port, and the B12 port is connected to the B7 port through the sixth connecting pipe. The sixth connecting pipe is equipped with a sixth valve (15).

6. A thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the first valve (5), the second valve (11), the third valve (12) and the sixth valve (15) are opened, a refrigeration circuit and a heat dissipation circuit are formed. In the refrigeration circuit, after the refrigerant exchanges heat with the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (2), it enters the plate heat exchanger (7) through ports A1, C1, A2 and C2 in sequence for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (2) through ports A6, B6, A3, B3, B11, A11, A4 and B4 in sequence. In the heat dissipation circuit, after the refrigerant exchanges heat with the gas-liquid heat exchanger (4), it enters the outdoor radiator (6) through ports A5, B5, A8, B8, A9, C9, A10 and C10 in sequence for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the gas-liquid heat exchanger (4) through ports A12, B12, B7 and A7 in sequence.

7. A thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the fourth valve (13) and the fifth valve (14) are opened, a heating circuit and a cooling circuit are formed. In the heating circuit, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the gas-liquid heat exchanger (4) and then enters the plate heat exchanger (7) through ports A5, C5, B2, and C2 in sequence for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the gas-liquid heat exchanger (4) through ports A6, C6, C7, and A7 in sequence. In the cooling circuit, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (2) and then enters the outdoor radiator (6) through ports A1, B1, C3, B3, B11, C11, B10, and C10 in sequence for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (2) through ports A12, C12, C8, B8, A9, B9, C4, and B4 in sequence.

8. A thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the second valve (11), the third valve (12) and the fifth valve (14) are opened, a natural heat dissipation circuit is formed. In the natural heat dissipation circuit, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the plate heat exchanger (7) and then enters the outdoor radiator (6) for heat exchange through ports A6, B6, A3, B3, B11, C11, B10 and C10 in sequence. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows back to the plate heat exchanger through ports A12, C12, C8, A8, B5, C5, B2 and C2 in sequence.

9. A thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sight glass (9) is provided between the compressor (3) and the gas-liquid separator (10).

10. A thermal management system for an immersed R32 energy storage battery with multiple loops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigerant circuit is equipped with multiple temperature sensors and pressure sensors, and the refrigerant circuit uses R32 refrigerant; the coolant circuit is equipped with multiple temperature sensors.

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