Off-grid wind-solar complementary hydrogen production and power generation system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of renewable energy source wind-solar power generation and water electrolysis hydrogen production, in particular to an off-grid wind-solar complementary hydrogen production and power generation system and method. The system comprises a wind power generation module, a photovoltaic power generation module, an alkaline electrolysis water module, an electric power intelligent distribution module, an energy storage module and an electric power load module. The wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module serve as an electric energy source together and supply power to the alkaline electrolyzed water module and the electric load module. When the wind-solar power generation load is sufficient, the alkaline electrolyzed water module operates at rated power, and meanwhile, redundant electric energy is stored in the energy storage module; when the wind-solar power generation load is insufficient and the lowest load requirement of the alkaline electrolyzed water module cannot be met, the energy storage module provides supplementary electric energy for the alkaline electrolyzed water module to ensure that the alkaline electrolyzed water module continuously operates at the lowest load and supplies power to the power load module, and energy distribution among wind energy, photovoltaic energy, energy storage and loads is dynamically regulated and controlled through the power intelligent distribution module. And efficient energy management is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of renewable energy wind and solar power generation and water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, and particularly to an off-grid wind and solar hybrid hydrogen production system and method. Background Technology

[0002] The energy sector is accelerating its transformation towards a green and low-carbon model, with wind power and solar power among the rapidly developing renewable energy sources. The proportion of green hydrogen in end-use energy consumption is significantly increasing, providing crucial support for energy structure transformation. Currently, projects utilizing wind and solar power for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen are being implemented at an accelerated pace. Due to its massive industrial scale, this technological route is expected to become an important component of the future energy system. The core challenge currently facing off-grid wind and solar combined hydrogen production and power generation lies in matching the output of renewable energy with the load of the electrolysis system. The intermittent and random nature of wind and solar power generation causes frequent load fluctuations in alkaline electrolyzers, affecting both equipment operational stability and reducing hydrogen production efficiency.

[0003] Currently, water electrolysis for hydrogen production mainly includes three mainstream technologies: alkaline electrolyzers (AWE), proton exchange membrane alkaline electrolyzers (PEM), and solid oxide electrolyzers (SOEC). Among them, AWE technology, with its decades of commercial application experience, has become the most mature and widely used technology in the field of water electrolysis for hydrogen production. This technology uses alkaline electrolytes and nickel-based electrode materials, resulting in significantly lower equipment costs compared to other technologies. The price of domestically produced AWE equipment can be controlled at 2000-3000 yuan / kW, which is only 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 of that of PEM alkaline electrolyzers. At the same time, the AWE system has a simple and reliable structure, and key materials do not need to be imported. It exhibits excellent durability in industrial applications, with a service life of 10-20 years, making it particularly suitable for industrial scenarios such as chemical and metallurgical industries that require large-scale continuous hydrogen production. However, AWE technology also has significant shortcomings. Its dynamic response performance is poor, typically requiring 30-60 minutes to go from cold start to full load operation, and its operating load range is narrow (30%-100%), making it difficult to quickly adjust to adapt to the fluctuating characteristics of renewable energy power generation.

[0004] In summary, existing alkaline electrolyzer technology suffers from poor dynamic response performance, narrow load regulation range, and difficulty in adapting to the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy power generation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system and method, which solves the problems of poor dynamic response performance, narrow load regulation range, and difficulty in adapting to the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy power generation in existing alkaline electrolyzer technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system. The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system includes a wind power generation module, a photovoltaic power generation module, an alkaline water electrolysis module, a smart power distribution module, an energy storage module, and a power load module. The wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module are connected in parallel. The electrical energy output by the wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module is transmitted to the smart power distribution module through cables. The smart power distribution module is connected to the alkaline water electrolysis module, the energy storage module, and the power load module, respectively. The energy storage module is also connected to the alkaline water electrolysis module and the power load module. The wind power generation module is used to convert wind energy into electrical energy; The photovoltaic power generation module is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy; The alkaline water electrolysis module is used to produce hydrogen through water electrolysis. The energy storage module is used to store and release electrical energy; The power load module is used to provide power supply for user equipment in an off-grid environment; The intelligent power distribution module is configured to dynamically distribute power according to wind and solar power generation capacity and electricity demand.

[0007] The specific configuration of the intelligent power distribution module is as follows: based on the real-time power generation and power demand of the system, the power is dynamically distributed to the alkaline water electrolysis module, the energy storage module and the power load module according to the allocation priority. When the wind and solar power generation exceeds the demand of the power load module and the energy storage module, all surplus power is supplied to the alkaline water electrolysis module for hydrogen production.

[0008] Specifically, the allocation priority is as follows: the alkaline water electrolysis module is higher than the energy storage module, and the energy storage module is higher than the power load module.

[0009] The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system further includes a mixer, a hydrogen separation module, and an oxygen separation module. The output end of the hydrogen separation module is connected to the cathode output end of the alkaline water electrolysis module. The hydrogen separation module is used to separate and purify hydrogen from the cathode gas-liquid mixture of the alkaline water electrolysis module. The input terminal of the oxygen separation module is connected to the anode output terminal of the alkaline water electrolysis module. The oxygen separation module is used to separate and purify oxygen from the anode gas-liquid mixture of the alkaline water electrolysis module. The input end of the mixer is connected to the electrolyte outlet of the hydrogen separation module and the oxygen separation module, respectively, and the output end of the mixer is connected to the liquid inlet of the alkaline water electrolysis module. The mixer is used to mix the separated electrolyte and send it back to the alkaline water electrolysis module for recycling.

[0010] The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system further includes a first heat exchanger module and a second heat exchanger module. The first heat exchanger module is connected between the electrolyte outlet of the hydrogen separation module and the inlet of the mixer. The second heat exchanger module is connected between the electrolyte outlet of the oxygen separation module and the inlet of the mixer; The first heat exchanger module and the second heat exchanger module are used to cool the electrolyte flowing back from the hydrogen separation module and the oxygen separation module to the mixer.

[0011] The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system also includes a condenser module. The first heat exchanger module and the second heat exchanger module are both connected to the condenser module. The condenser module is used to cool the cooling medium carrying the waste heat of the electrolyte in the first heat exchanger module and the second heat exchanger module.

[0012] This invention also provides an off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production method, applied to the off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system as described above, comprising the following steps: The electrical energy generated by the wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module is transmitted to the intelligent power distribution module through cables. The intelligent power distribution module distributes the electrical energy to the alkaline water electrolysis module and the energy storage module. When the electrical energy distributed to the alkaline water electrolysis module exceeds its maximum power load, the excess power will be automatically transferred to the energy storage module for storage. The energy storage module collects electrical energy from the intelligent power distribution module and supplies power to the alkaline water electrolysis module and the power load module via cables. When the electrical energy supplied by the intelligent power distribution module to the alkaline water electrolysis module is lower than its minimum load requirement, the energy storage module immediately starts discharging to ensure that the alkaline water electrolysis module can operate stably at the minimum load. When the electrical energy supplied by the intelligent power distribution module to the alkaline water electrolysis module exceeds its maximum load requirement, the excess electrical energy will be stored by the energy storage module and used to supply power to the power load module later. After electrical energy is supplied to the alkaline water electrolysis module, water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen generated at the cathode is mixed with the electrolyte solution and enters the hydrogen separation module for hydrogen purification. The oxygen generated at the anode is mixed with the electrolyte solution and enters the oxygen separation module for oxygen purification. The separated electrolyte solution and water are returned to the mixer for mixing and then supplied back to the alkaline water electrolysis module. The electrolyte solution discharged from the hydrogen separation module enters the first heat exchanger module for cooling, while the electrolyte solution discharged from the oxygen separation module enters the second heat exchanger module for cooling. Subsequently, both enter the mixer. Water is used as the heat dissipation medium in the cooling circulation loops of the first and second heat exchanger modules. After absorbing the heat of the electrolyte solution, the water flows through the condenser module for cooling.

[0013] This invention discloses an off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system and method, comprising a wind power generation module, a photovoltaic power generation module, an alkaline water electrolysis module, a smart power distribution module, an energy storage module, and a power load module. The wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module jointly serve as power sources, supplying power to the alkaline water electrolysis module and the power load module. When the wind and solar power load is sufficient, the alkaline water electrolysis module operates at its rated power, while storing excess energy in the energy storage module. When the wind and solar power load is insufficient to meet the minimum load requirement of the alkaline water electrolysis module, the energy storage module provides supplementary power to ensure its continuous operation at the minimum load, while simultaneously supplying power to the power load module. The smart power distribution module dynamically regulates the energy distribution among wind, photovoltaic, energy storage, and the load, achieving efficient energy management. This invention integrates wind and solar power generation, electrolysis hydrogen production, and energy storage technologies to optimize off-grid energy consumption, improve renewable energy utilization, and solve the hydrogen production stability problem caused by the volatility of new energy sources.

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system provided by the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the steps of the off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production method provided by the present invention.

[0017] 1-Wind power generation module, 2-Photovoltaic power generation module, 3-Intelligent power distribution module, 4-Energy storage module, 5-Power load module, 6-Alkaline water electrolysis module, 7-Hydrogen separation module, 8-Oxygen separation module, 9-Mixer, 10-First heat exchanger module, 11-Second heat exchanger module, 12-Condenser module. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides an off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system. The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system includes a wind power generation module 1, a photovoltaic power generation module 2, an alkaline water electrolysis module 6, a power intelligent distribution module 3, an energy storage module 4, and a power load module 5. The wind power generation module 1 and the photovoltaic power generation module 2 are connected in parallel. The electrical energy output by the wind power generation module 1 and the photovoltaic power generation module 2 is transmitted to the power intelligent distribution module 3 through cables. The power intelligent distribution module 3 is connected to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6, the energy storage module 4, and the power load module 5, respectively. The energy storage module 4 is also connected to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 and the power load module 5. The wind power generation module 1 is used to convert wind energy into electrical energy; The photovoltaic power generation module 2 is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy; The alkaline water electrolysis module 6 is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water; The energy storage module 4 is used to store and release electrical energy; The power load module 5 is used to provide power supply for user equipment in an off-grid environment; The intelligent power distribution module 3 is configured to dynamically distribute power according to wind and solar power generation capacity and power demand.

[0020] In this embodiment, the wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module 2 jointly serve as power sources to supply the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 and the power load module 5. When the wind and solar power generation load is sufficient, the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 operates at its rated power, while storing excess electrical energy in the energy storage module 4. When the wind and solar power generation load is insufficient to meet the minimum load requirement of the alkaline water electrolysis module 6, the energy storage module 4 provides supplementary power to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 to ensure its continuous operation at the minimum load, while simultaneously supplying power to the power load module 5. The power intelligent distribution module 3 dynamically regulates the energy distribution among wind power, photovoltaic, energy storage, and the load, achieving efficient energy management. This invention integrates wind and solar power generation, electrolysis hydrogen production, and energy storage technologies to optimize off-grid energy consumption, improve the utilization rate of renewable energy, and solve the hydrogen production stability problem caused by the volatility of new energy sources.

[0021] Furthermore, the specific configuration of the intelligent power distribution module 3 is as follows: based on the real-time power generation and power demand of the system, the power is dynamically distributed to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6, the energy storage module 4, and the power load module 5 according to the allocation priority. When the wind and solar power generation exceeds the demand of the power load module 5 and the energy storage module 4, all surplus power is supplied to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 for hydrogen production.

[0022] In this embodiment, the allocation priority is specifically as follows: the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 is higher than the energy storage module 4, and the energy storage module 4 is higher than the power load module 5.

[0023] Furthermore, the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 is connected to the intelligent power distribution module 3 via a transformer and an AC / DC rectifier, wherein the transformer is used for voltage transformation and the AC / DC rectifier is used to convert the alternating current into the direct current required for water electrolysis.

[0024] Furthermore, the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 includes an alkaline electrolysis cell, a gas-liquid separation device, and a temperature control system; the alkaline electrolysis cell is used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen; the gas-liquid separation device is connected to the gas output end of the alkaline electrolysis cell and is used to separate the generated hydrogen and oxygen from the electrolyte; the temperature control system is connected to the alkaline electrolysis cell through a cooling bypass and is used to maintain the working temperature of the alkaline electrolysis cell within a preset range.

[0025] In this embodiment, the temperature control module includes a temperature sensor, a cooling circulation pump, and a heat exchanger. The temperature sensor is installed inside the alkaline electrolytic cell to monitor the electrolyte temperature in real time. The cooling circulation pump connects the heat exchanger to the alkaline electrolytic cell to form a closed-loop cooling circuit. The heat exchanger exchanges heat with the alkaline electrolytic cell through an external cooling medium to ensure that the electrolysis temperature is stable within the range of 70-90℃.

[0026] The alkaline electrolyzer uses the AWE water electrolysis method to produce hydrogen.

[0027] Furthermore, the energy storage module 4 adopts battery energy storage to achieve efficient system operation and rapid response.

[0028] Furthermore, the off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system also includes a mixer 9, a hydrogen separation module 7, and an oxygen separation module 8. The output end of the hydrogen separation module 7 is connected to the cathode output end of the alkaline water electrolysis module 6. The hydrogen separation module 7 is used to separate and purify hydrogen from the cathode gas-liquid mixture of the alkaline water electrolysis module 6. The input terminal of the oxygen separation module 8 is connected to the anode output terminal of the alkaline water electrolysis module 6. The oxygen separation module 8 is used to separate and purify oxygen from the anode gas-liquid mixture of the alkaline water electrolysis module 6. The input end of the mixer 9 is connected to the electrolyte outlets of the hydrogen separation module 7 and the oxygen separation module 8, respectively, and the output end of the mixer 9 is connected to the liquid inlet of the alkaline water electrolysis module 6. The mixer 9 is used to mix the separated electrolytes and send them back to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 for recycling.

[0029] In this embodiment, the hydrogen separation module 7 and the oxygen separation module 8 can promptly separate and purify the hydrogen generated at the cathode and the oxygen generated at the anode of the alkaline electrolyzer. Simultaneously, the separated electrolyte is recycled to the mixer 9 for mixing and then returned to the alkaline electrolyzer for reuse. This structure not only ensures the purity of the output hydrogen and oxygen products but also achieves a closed-loop circulation of the electrolyte and water balance within the system, significantly improving resource utilization efficiency and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the alkaline water electrolysis module 6.

[0030] Furthermore, the off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system also includes a first heat exchanger module 10 and a second heat exchanger module 11, wherein the first heat exchanger module 10 is connected between the electrolyte outlet of the hydrogen separation module 7 and the inlet of the mixer 9. The second heat exchanger module 11 is connected between the electrolyte outlet of the oxygen separation module 8 and the inlet of the mixer 9; The first heat exchanger module 10 and the second heat exchanger module 11 are used to cool the electrolyte flowing back from the hydrogen separation module 7 and the oxygen separation module 8 to the mixer 9.

[0031] In this embodiment, by adding the first heat exchanger module 10 and the second heat exchanger module 11, which are respectively connected to the electrolyte return pipeline between the hydrogen separation module 7, the oxygen separation module 8 and the mixer 9, the electrolyte whose temperature rises after the electrolysis reaction can be forcibly cooled. This ensures that the temperature of the electrolyte returning to the alkaline electrolyzer is always maintained within the optimal operating range, thereby effectively avoiding the decrease in hydrogen production efficiency, shortened equipment life and safety risks caused by electrolyte overheating, and ensuring the continuous stability and efficient hydrogen production of the system under different operating conditions.

[0032] Furthermore, the off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system also includes a condenser module 12, wherein the first heat exchanger module 10 and the second heat exchanger module 11 are both connected to the condenser module 12, and the condenser module 12 is used to cool the cooling medium carrying the waste heat of the electrolyte in the first heat exchanger module 10 and the second heat exchanger module 11.

[0033] In this embodiment, the condenser module 12 is used to centrally cool the cooling medium carrying the waste heat of the electrolyte in the first heat exchanger module 10 and the second heat exchanger module 11, thereby continuously providing low-temperature cooling capability for the electrolyte cooling circuit and ensuring that the system can keep the electrolyte temperature stable in the optimal operating range for a long time and efficiently.

[0034] Please see Figure 2 The present invention also provides an off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production method, applied to the off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system as described above, comprising the following steps: S1: The electrical energy generated by the wind power generation module 1 and the photovoltaic power generation module 2 is transmitted to the intelligent power distribution module 3 through cables. The intelligent power distribution module 3 distributes the electrical energy to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 and the energy storage module 4. When the electrical energy distributed to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 exceeds its maximum power load, the excess power will be automatically transferred to the energy storage module 4 for storage. S2: The energy storage module 4 collects electrical energy from the power intelligent distribution module 3 and supplies power to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 and the power load module 5 through cables. When the electrical energy supplied by the power intelligent distribution module 3 to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 is lower than its minimum load requirement, the energy storage module 4 immediately starts discharging to ensure that the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 can operate stably at the minimum load. When the electrical energy supplied by the power intelligent distribution module 3 to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 exceeds its maximum load requirement, the excess electrical energy will be stored by the energy storage module 4 and used to supply power to the power load module 5 later. S3: After electrical energy is supplied to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6, water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen generated at the cathode is mixed with the electrolyte solution and enters the hydrogen separation module 7 for hydrogen purification. The oxygen generated at the anode is mixed with the electrolyte solution and enters the oxygen separation module 8 for oxygen purification. The separated electrolyte solution and water are returned to the mixer 9 for mixing and then supplied back to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6. S4: The electrolyte solution discharged from the hydrogen separation module 7 enters the first heat exchanger module 10 for cooling, while the electrolyte solution discharged from the oxygen separation module 8 enters the second heat exchanger module 11 for cooling. Subsequently, both enter the mixer 9. Water is used as the heat dissipation medium in the cooling circulation loop of the first heat exchanger module 10 and the second heat exchanger module 11. After absorbing the heat of the electrolyte solution, the water flows through the condenser module 12 for cooling. In one specific embodiment, to address the inherent volatility of wind and solar power generation, the off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system stores excess and periodic electricity in the energy storage module 4 to support the water electrolysis hydrogen production process while also meeting user electricity needs. This example, using wind and solar power data from a region in Inner Mongolia, employs alkaline water electrolysis technology and an energy storage system to achieve efficient hydrogen-electricity cogeneration.

[0035] The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system generates electricity using the wind power module 1 and the photovoltaic power module 2, and transmits it to the intelligent power distribution module 3 via cables. The intelligent power distribution module 3 prioritizes supplying power to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6 for hydrogen production. When the power generation exceeds the maximum operating load of the alkaline water electrolysis module 6, surplus electricity is stored in the energy storage module 4; if the power generation cannot meet the minimum requirements of the alkaline water electrolysis module 6, the energy storage module 4 provides supplementary power. The surplus electricity generated daily by the system is used to supply power to the power load module 5. In the electrolyte circulation section, the mixer 9 mixes water and electrolyte solution and delivers it to the alkaline water electrolysis module 6. The gas-liquid mixture produced after electrolysis enters the hydrogen separation module 7 and the oxygen separation module 8 respectively, achieving effective separation of hydrogen and oxygen. The electrolyte solution in the circulation process is cooled and dissipated through the first heat exchanger module 10 and the second heat exchanger module 11, and its waste heat is discharged by the condenser module 12, thereby ensuring the thermal balance of the entire system is stable.

[0036] In the alkaline water electrolysis system (including the alkaline water electrolysis module 6, the hydrogen separation module 7, the oxygen separation module 8, the mixer 9, the first heat exchanger module 10, the second heat exchanger module 11, and the condenser module 12), the alkaline electrolyzer is preferably an AWE electrolyzer. This type of electrolyzer is technologically mature, has low cost, and long lifespan, and is one of the most widely used commercially available water electrolysis hydrogen production technologies. The electrolyzer used in this system has a rated power of 12.37kW, a rated current density of 0.4A / cm², a rated voltage of 2.1V per cell, a rated operating temperature of 323K, and is composed of 35 single cells with an activation area of ​​420cm² connected in series.

[0037] The power input integrates wind and solar power resources in Inner Mongolia. The actual total power generation data for wind and solar power in this region clearly demonstrates the typical intermittency and volatility of renewable energy output. Looking at the 24-hour period, the load fluctuates dramatically, exhibiting a "double-peak" characteristic. The first peak occurs in the morning (approximately 3-7 hours), with the total load rapidly climbing to 10.16 kW, at which point wind and solar power begin to work together. Subsequently, the load reaches its global peak of 18.24 kW around noon (approximately 11-15 hours), mainly due to abundant sunshine, with solar power making a significant contribution. In the afternoon, as sunshine weakens, the total load drops sharply, especially after 7 PM, rapidly falling to a low level. The nighttime load is mainly maintained by wind power, but fluctuations remain significant. This steep, jagged curve places extremely high demands on the real-time dispatching of the power grid and the configuration of energy storage, highlighting the enormous challenge of ensuring stable grid operation and absorption capacity under a high proportion of renewable energy integration.

[0038] The safe operating load range for AWE is 30%-100%, with hydrogen production energy consumption between 4.17-5.16 kWh / Nm³, and operating temperature maintained within the range of 45.21-69.15°C. Current density varies from 0.105 A / cm² to 0.40 A / cm², voltage fluctuations range from 1.71V to 2.099V, and hydrogen production rate ranges from 0.175 L / s to 0.674 L / s.

[0039] The dynamic power response characteristics of the AWE under daily operating conditions are as follows: its output power is determined by multiple parameters, including current density, operating voltage, and operating temperature. During the periods from 00:00 to 07:00 and from 16:50 to 24:00 when the photovoltaic system is not operating, the entire electrical load of the AWE is borne independently by wind power generation. The significant intermittent nature of wind resources causes large fluctuations in AWE energy consumption, with operating power ranging between a minimum of 2.65kW and a peak capacity of 9.296kW. From 07:00 to 16:50, the AWE input power shows a significant upward trend after the photovoltaic system starts up. During this period, the AWE reaches its peak current density, but under high load operating conditions, the continuous rise in device temperature causes a gradual decrease in operating voltage, resulting in a continuous drop in AWE energy consumption from a maximum of 12.368kW to 11.822kW.

[0040] The dynamic characteristics of energy storage and release are as follows: During the periods 00:00-08:40 and 16:50-24:00, the wind-solar hybrid power generation load is below the minimum operating power threshold of the AWE (Active Energy Controller), and the energy storage system continuously discharges to maintain AWE operation. Specifically, the maximum discharge power of the energy storage system is 2.551 kW during the 00:00-08:40 period and 1.986 kW during the 16:50-24:00 period. During the 08:40-16:50 period, the photovoltaic power generation load increases significantly, driving the energy storage system into a continuous charging mode, during which the peak charging power can reach 7.33 kW. The data shows that the daily input energy of the energy storage system is significantly higher than its output energy, proving that the system ensures a sufficient power supply while efficiently producing hydrogen.

[0041] The above description discloses only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system, characterized in that, The system includes a wind power generation module, a photovoltaic power generation module, an alkaline water electrolysis module, a smart power distribution module, an energy storage module, and a power load module. The wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module are connected in parallel. The electrical energy output by the wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module is transmitted to the smart power distribution module through a cable. The smart power distribution module is connected to the alkaline water electrolysis module, the energy storage module, and the power load module, respectively. The energy storage module is also connected to the alkaline water electrolysis module and the power load module. The wind power generation module is used to convert wind energy into electrical energy; The photovoltaic power generation module is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy; The alkaline water electrolysis module is used to produce hydrogen through water electrolysis. The energy storage module is used to store and release electrical energy; The power load module is used to provide power supply for user equipment in an off-grid environment; The intelligent power distribution module is configured to dynamically distribute power according to wind and solar power generation capacity and electricity demand.

2. The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific configuration of the intelligent power distribution module is as follows: based on the real-time power generation and power demand of the system, the power is dynamically distributed to the alkaline water electrolysis module, the energy storage module and the power load module according to the allocation priority. When the wind and solar power generation exceeds the demand of the power load module and the energy storage module, all surplus power is supplied to the alkaline water electrolysis module for hydrogen production.

3. The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The allocation priority is specifically as follows: the alkaline water electrolysis module is higher than the energy storage module, and the energy storage module is higher than the power load module.

4. The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system also includes a mixer, a hydrogen separation module and an oxygen separation module. The output end of the hydrogen separation module is connected to the cathode output end of the alkaline water electrolysis module. The hydrogen separation module is used to separate and purify hydrogen from the cathode gas-liquid mixture of the alkaline water electrolysis module. The input terminal of the oxygen separation module is connected to the anode output terminal of the alkaline water electrolysis module. The oxygen separation module is used to separate and purify oxygen from the anode gas-liquid mixture of the alkaline water electrolysis module. The input end of the mixer is connected to the electrolyte outlet of the hydrogen separation module and the oxygen separation module, respectively, and the output end of the mixer is connected to the liquid inlet of the alkaline water electrolysis module. The mixer is used to mix the separated electrolyte and send it back to the alkaline water electrolysis module for recycling.

5. The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system also includes a first heat exchanger module and a second heat exchanger module, wherein the first heat exchanger module is connected between the electrolyte outlet of the hydrogen separation module and the inlet of the mixer. The second heat exchanger module is connected between the electrolyte outlet of the oxygen separation module and the inlet of the mixer; The first heat exchanger module and the second heat exchanger module are used to cool the electrolyte flowing back from the hydrogen separation module and the oxygen separation module to the mixer.

6. The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system also includes a condenser module. The first heat exchanger module and the second heat exchanger module are both connected to the condenser module. The condenser module is used to cool the cooling medium carrying the waste heat of the electrolyte in the first heat exchanger module and the second heat exchanger module.

7. An off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production method, applied to the off-grid wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The electrical energy generated by the wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module is transmitted to the intelligent power distribution module through cables. The intelligent power distribution module distributes the electrical energy to the alkaline water electrolysis module and the energy storage module. When the electrical energy distributed to the alkaline water electrolysis module exceeds its maximum power load, the excess power will be automatically transferred to the energy storage module for storage. The energy storage module collects electrical energy from the intelligent power distribution module and supplies power to the alkaline water electrolysis module and the power load module via cables. When the electrical energy supplied by the intelligent power distribution module to the alkaline water electrolysis module is lower than its minimum load requirement, the energy storage module immediately starts discharging to ensure that the alkaline water electrolysis module can operate stably at the minimum load. When the electrical energy supplied by the intelligent power distribution module to the alkaline water electrolysis module exceeds its maximum load requirement, the excess electrical energy will be stored by the energy storage module and used to supply power to the power load module later. After electrical energy is supplied to the alkaline water electrolysis module, water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen generated at the cathode is mixed with the electrolyte solution and enters the hydrogen separation module for hydrogen purification. The oxygen generated at the anode is mixed with the electrolyte solution and enters the oxygen separation module for oxygen purification. The separated electrolyte solution and water are returned to the mixer for mixing and then supplied back to the alkaline water electrolysis module. The electrolyte solution discharged from the hydrogen separation module enters the first heat exchanger module for cooling, while the electrolyte solution discharged from the oxygen separation module enters the second heat exchanger module for cooling. Subsequently, both enter the mixer. Water is used as the heat dissipation medium in the cooling circulation loops of the first and second heat exchanger modules. After absorbing the heat of the electrolyte solution, the water flows through the condenser module for cooling.

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