Power distribution framework and electric equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a power distribution framework and electric equipment, and the power distribution framework comprises a rectification unit which comprises an input end used for being directly connected with an AC power grid and a first output end used for outputting DC current, the rectifying unit is used for accessing alternating current through an input end and outputting first direct current obtained by rectifying the alternating current through a first output end; and the load unit is directly connected with the first output end of the rectifying unit to receive the first direct current. According to the power distribution architecture disclosed by the invention, on one hand, energy conversion stages are reduced, accumulated loss and heating are reduced, and system efficiency and energy utilization rate are improved; and on the other hand, devices and control links are reduced, possible fault points are reduced, maintenance complexity is reduced, and power supply reliability and dynamic stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage equipment technology, and in particular to a power distribution architecture and power consumption equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, to achieve stable power supply to downstream DC loads in long-distance power distribution scenarios, the industry widely adopts the approach of AC power distribution. Existing systems typically use mains power or generators as AC input, which is transmitted to each power consumption point via the distribution network. An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is installed upstream to cope with external power anomalies; a rectifier unit is then configured upstream of each DC load to convert AC to DC power. This architecture can maintain the continuity of power supply to DC loads under grid fluctuations or short-term power outages, and meets the needs of various types of loads through a combination of centralized and distributed power conversion units.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned improvement schemes still have problems such as complex architecture and long energy conversion links in practical applications: the total AC input from the AC power grid to the DC load often needs to go through multiple energy conversions, including UPS input rectification, UPS output inversion, and load-side re-rectification, which leads to an increase in the number of devices and control links, and a decrease in the overall stability and maintainability of the system; at the same time, the efficiency loss and heat load introduced by the multi-stage conversion are not conducive to long-term operation in high-reliability scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One objective of this application is to provide a power distribution architecture and electrical equipment that aims to solve the technical problems of existing power distribution architectures being logically complex, having high energy loss, and being unstable.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application provides a power distribution architecture, comprising: a rectifier unit, including an input terminal for direct connection to an AC power grid and a first output terminal for outputting DC current, wherein the rectifier unit is used to receive AC current through the input terminal and output a first DC current obtained by rectifying the AC current through the first output terminal; and a load unit, directly connected to the first output terminal of the rectifier unit to receive the first DC current.

[0006] In this application, the input terminal of the rectifier unit is directly connected to the AC power grid, and the first output terminal is directly connected to the load unit. The rectifier unit rectifies the AC current provided by the AC power grid into a first DC current upstream of the load unit and outputs it to the load unit. Thus, the rectification and conversion are completed in one go upstream of the load unit and transmitted to the load unit in DC form, eliminating the need for repeated AC-DC conversion on the load side. This reduces the number of energy conversion stages, lowers accumulated losses and heat generation, and improves system efficiency and energy utilization. Furthermore, it reduces the number of components and control loops, decreases potential failure points, reduces maintenance complexity, and improves power supply reliability and dynamic stability.

[0007] Existing power distribution architectures, after connecting to the AC mains power grid, first use an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) control circuit upstream to rectify and invert AC current, then rectify it at each load. In other words, existing technologies involve a multi-stage chain of rectification-inversion-re-rectification. This application, however, directly supplies DC power to the load units after primary rectification, eliminating the need for a secondary rectification unit at the load units. Therefore, under the same power supply continuity requirements, this solution outperforms existing technologies that use a UPS for two-stage rectification after AC input in terms of conversion stages, efficiency, thermal management, system complexity, and reliability.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, according to one embodiment of this application, the rectifier unit further includes a second output terminal, and the rectifier unit is further used to output a second direct current obtained by rectifying the alternating current through the second output terminal; the power distribution architecture further includes a low-voltage backup battery for storing backup energy, the low-voltage backup battery includes a first input terminal and an output terminal, the first input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the second output terminal of the rectifier unit to receive the second direct current, and the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the load unit.

[0009] The low-voltage backup battery allows the power distribution system to maintain normal operation of the load units for a period of time by supplying the backup energy stored inside the battery when the mains power fails. Furthermore, compared to the existing "rectifier-battery-inverter" structure in UPS systems, the low-voltage backup battery in this application has a separate bypass circuit. When the mains power is normal, the load unit directly connects to the first DC current obtained by rectification through the first output terminal of the rectifier unit, without complicating the power distribution system. When the mains power supply is abnormal, the low-voltage backup battery supplies power to the load unit. From charging the low-voltage backup battery when the mains power is normal to discharging it when the mains power supply is abnormal, the electrical energy from the low-voltage backup battery to the load unit undergoes only one rectification transformation, resulting in fewer energy conversion stages and higher energy utilization.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, according to one embodiment of this application, the power distribution architecture further includes a backflow prevention unit, which is disposed between the low-voltage backup battery and the load unit, for blocking reverse current from the first output terminal of the rectifier unit to the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, according to one embodiment of this application, the anti-backflow unit includes a diode, the anode of which is connected to the output terminal of a low-voltage backup battery, and the cathode of which is connected to a load unit.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, according to one embodiment of this application, the power distribution architecture further includes a DC input terminal for connecting a fourth DC current as an energy source for the power distribution architecture.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, according to one embodiment of this application, the low-voltage backup battery further includes a second input terminal, which is connected to a DC input terminal to receive a fourth DC current.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, according to one embodiment of this application, the low-voltage backup battery further includes a third input terminal; the power distribution architecture further includes a high-voltage energy storage battery and a DC-DC step-down unit, the DC-DC step-down unit includes an input terminal and an output terminal, the input terminal of the DC-DC step-down unit is connected to the high-voltage energy storage battery, the output terminal of the DC-DC step-down unit is connected to the third input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery, the high-voltage energy storage battery is used to store energy at a level higher than the energy storage limit of the low-voltage backup battery, and the DC-DC step-down unit is used to step down the voltage of the high-voltage energy storage battery and output it to the low-voltage backup battery.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, according to one embodiment of this application, the power distribution architecture further includes a control unit, which is configured to execute the following control logic: when the AC current is normally input, the load unit is controlled to be powered by the first output terminal of the rectifier unit, and the low-voltage backup battery is charged by the second output terminal of the rectifier unit; when the AC current is abnormal and the charge value of the low-voltage backup battery is higher than the backup power threshold, the load unit is controlled to be powered by the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery; when the AC current is abnormal and the charge value of the low-voltage backup battery is lower than the backup power threshold, the DC step-down unit is controlled to step down the power of the high-voltage energy storage battery and output it to the third input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery, and the load unit is powered by the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, according to one embodiment of this application, the operating voltage of the low-voltage backup battery is no more than 36V, and the operating voltage of the high-voltage energy storage battery is no less than 1200V.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, according to one embodiment of this application, the load unit includes a plurality of DC loads, each of which is electrically connected to a first output terminal of the rectifier unit.

[0018] Secondly, this application also provides an electrical appliance including the power distribution architecture of any of the above embodiments.

[0019] In conjunction with the second aspect, according to one embodiment of this application, the electrical equipment further includes a power battery; the rectifier unit further includes a second output terminal, and the rectifier unit is also used to output a second DC current obtained by rectifying the AC current through the second output terminal; the power distribution architecture further includes: a low-voltage backup battery, which is used to store backup energy, including a first input terminal, a third input terminal and an output terminal, the first input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the second output terminal of the rectifier unit, and the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the load unit, for outputting a third DC current to power the load unit when the AC current is abnormal; and a DC buck unit, which includes an input terminal and an output terminal, the input terminal of the DC buck unit is connected to the power battery, and the output terminal of the DC buck unit is connected to the third input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery, for stepping down the power energy of the power battery and outputting it to the low-voltage backup battery.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the second aspect described above can be referred to in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, and will not be elaborated here. Based on the implementations provided in the above aspects, this application can also be further combined to provide more implementations.

[0021] Other advantages, objectives and features of this application will be apparent in part from the description which follows, and in part from what those skilled in the art will understand through study and practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application scenarios of the power distribution architecture related to these technologies; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the power distribution architecture provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is one of the logical schematic diagrams of the power distribution architecture provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a second logical schematic diagram of the power distribution architecture provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is the third logical schematic diagram of the power distribution architecture provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is the fourth logical schematic diagram of the power distribution architecture provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] Currently, to meet the voltage stabilization requirements of downstream DC loads in long-distance power distribution scenarios, AC power distribution is commonly used in engineering projects, with UPS units equipped with backup batteries configured upstream as backup and voltage stabilization units. Please refer to... Figure 1 As shown, this type of system typically uses AC power supplied by the power plant as the AC input, which is then rectified at the input and inverted at the output by the UPS to output AC current to the distribution network. At each point of use, the DC load converts the AC current back to DC current through a local rectifier unit. This architecture facilitates long-distance transmission and distribution and multi-node access, and can maintain a certain degree of power supply continuity during grid fluctuations or short-term interruptions.

[0026] However, the aforementioned typical schemes often involve multi-stage energy conversion from the AC input to the DC load, consisting of rectification, inversion, and re-rectification. This results in a longer energy conversion chain, increased equipment and control components, higher conversion losses and heat load, and a higher number of potential failure points, adversely affecting system operation, maintenance, and stability. Reducing the number of energy conversion stages, lowering system complexity, and improving efficiency and reliability while ensuring power supply continuity remain key technical challenges that need to be addressed in related applications.

[0027] To address the aforementioned technical challenges of numerous current transformation stages and complex structures in the process of transferring current from the AC power grid to the factory load, please refer to... Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a power distribution architecture, including: The rectifier unit includes an input terminal for direct connection to the AC power grid and a first output terminal for outputting DC current. The rectifier unit is used to receive AC current through the input terminal and output the first DC current obtained by rectifying the AC current through the first output terminal. The load unit is directly connected to the first output terminal of the rectifier unit to receive the first DC current.

[0028] In this application, the input terminal of the rectifier unit is directly connected to the AC power grid, and the first output terminal is directly connected to the load unit. The rectifier unit rectifies the AC current provided by the AC power grid into a first DC current upstream of the load unit and outputs it to the load unit. Thus, the rectification and conversion are completed in one go upstream of the load unit and transmitted to the load unit in DC form, eliminating the need for repeated AC-DC conversion on the load side. This reduces the number of energy conversion stages, lowers accumulated losses and heat generation, and improves system efficiency and energy utilization. Furthermore, it reduces the number of components and control loops, decreases potential failure points, reduces maintenance complexity, and improves power supply reliability and dynamic stability.

[0029] The power distribution architecture of related technologies, after connecting to the AC mains power grid, first uses an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) circuit upstream to rectify and invert the AC current, and then rectify it at each load. That is, the related technologies are a multi-stage link of rectification-inversion-re-rectification. In contrast, this application directly supplies DC to the load unit after primary rectification, eliminating the need for a secondary rectification unit at the load unit. Therefore, under the same power supply continuity requirements, this solution is superior to the related technologies that use a UPS for secondary rectification after AC input in terms of conversion stages, efficiency, thermal management, system complexity, and reliability.

[0030] For example, a rectifier unit is a power electronic device that converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). Its rectification function is typically achieved through high-frequency switching of power semiconductor devices, in conjunction with energy storage components such as inductors and capacitors. This application does not limit the specific structure of the rectifier unit; any structure capable of achieving rectification in related technologies can be used as the rectifier unit of this application.

[0031] It should be understood that the rectifier unit of this application is directly connected to the AC power grid upstream to receive AC current, and directly connected to the load unit downstream to output the first DC current. This direct connection refers to a direct connection without current modulation through rectification or inversion. It can also be understood that the upstream of the rectifier unit of this application is directly connected to specific equipment such as a power plant or public AC power source. During AC power transmission, there may be circuit units such as the equivalent resistance of the wires. As long as rectification and inversion do not occur, this application can achieve the technical effect of a simplified structure compared to related technologies. Furthermore, the first DC current in the embodiments of this application, as well as the second DC current, third DC current, etc., mentioned below, refer to specific currents input or output by specific devices through specific interfaces; while DC current and AC current emphasize the form of energy transmission of a certain current, and do not specifically refer to the specific currents upstream and downstream of a certain component.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 3As shown, according to one embodiment of this application, the rectifier unit further includes a second output terminal, and the rectifier unit is further used to output a second DC current obtained by rectifying the AC current through the second output terminal; the power distribution architecture also includes a low-voltage backup battery for storing backup energy, the low-voltage backup battery includes a first input terminal and an output terminal, the first input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the second output terminal of the rectifier unit to receive the second DC current, and the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the load unit.

[0033] The low-voltage backup battery allows the power distribution architecture to maintain the normal operation of the load units for a period of time by outputting the backup energy stored in the low-voltage backup battery when the mains power fails. In other words, it realizes the black start of the power distribution architecture.

[0034] Meanwhile, compared to the "rectifier-battery-inverter" structure in UPS solutions, the low-voltage backup battery in this application has a separate bypass circuit. When the mains power is normally supplied, the load unit directly connects to the first DC current obtained by rectification through the first output terminal of the rectifier unit, and the low-voltage backup battery does not complicate the power distribution architecture. When the mains power supply is abnormal, the low-voltage backup battery supplies power to the load unit. From charging the low-voltage backup battery when the mains power is normally supplied to discharging the low-voltage backup battery when the mains power supply is abnormal, the electrical energy from the low-voltage backup battery to the load unit only undergoes one rectification transformation, with fewer energy transformation stages and higher energy utilization.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 4 As shown, according to one embodiment of this application, the power distribution architecture further includes a backflow prevention unit, which is disposed between the low-voltage backup battery and the load unit, and is used to block the reverse current from the first output terminal of the rectifier unit to the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery.

[0036] When the AC input of the AC power grid is normal and the rectifier unit supplies power to the load unit through the first output terminal, the low-voltage backup battery, although not working, still maintains a physical connection with the load unit. When the voltage of the first output terminal of the rectifier unit is higher than the voltage of the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery, the first DC current output by the rectifier unit may flow back to the low-voltage backup battery through the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery, resulting in uncontrolled charging, heat generation, and lifespan degradation of the low-voltage backup battery, or even triggering protection or safety risks.

[0037] In this embodiment, by configuring an anti-reverse current unit between the low-voltage backup battery and the load unit, the reverse current flowing back from the load unit to the low-voltage backup battery can be completely cut off when the mains power is normal. It is only turned on when the power grid is abnormal and it is necessary for the low-voltage backup battery to discharge to the load unit, thereby avoiding circulating current and disordered charging, ensuring controllable energy flow, and improving system stability and safety.

[0038] It should be understood that the voltage at the first output terminal of the rectifier unit mentioned in this embodiment is higher than the voltage at the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery. This includes the steady-state voltage at the first output terminal of the rectifier unit being higher than the voltage at the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery, as well as the transient voltage at the first output terminal of the rectifier unit being higher than the voltage at the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery due to pulse fluctuations. The anti-backflow unit can play a suppressive role in both cases.

[0039] Specifically, the anti-backflow unit includes a diode, with the anode of the diode connected to the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery and the cathode of the diode connected to the load unit.

[0040] When the mains power supply is abnormal, that is, when the rectifier unit no longer supplies power to the load unit through the first output terminal, the voltage at the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is higher than the input voltage of the load unit, then the diode is turned on, and the low-voltage backup battery provides backup power to the rectifier unit; when the voltage at the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is lower than the input voltage of the load unit, the diode is turned off to prevent current from flowing back from the load unit side to the low-voltage backup battery.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 5 As shown, according to one embodiment of this application, the power distribution architecture further includes a DC input terminal for connecting a fourth DC current as the energy source for the power distribution architecture.

[0042] This embodiment adds an additional DC input terminal to the power distribution architecture. When upstream DC supply conditions are available, a fourth DC current can be directly connected to the power distribution architecture, bypassing the rectifier unit to achieve direct DC supply. This eliminates the need for rectification and associated control, reduces the number of components and power loss, lowers heat generation and potential failure points, and further simplifies the energy transmission logic. Furthermore, under the same load power, direct power supply from the fourth DC current achieves higher energy supply efficiency and faster response speed, providing plug-and-play capability for upstream DC scenarios such as DC buses and communication power supplies, improving the architecture's versatility and scalability.

[0043] It should be understood that the DC input terminal provided in this embodiment does not refer to a specific structure, but rather to the form in which the access point of the power distribution structure is used to connect to the fourth DC current. It can be a crimped or pluggable terminal, a pre-installed wiring harness connector, a busbar connector, etc., or it can be an input port for DC current on a unit within the power distribution structure, such as a low-voltage backup battery. Similarly, the input terminal of the rectifier unit used to connect to AC current from the AC grid can also be referred to as the AC input terminal of the power distribution structure.

[0044] Specifically, the low-voltage backup battery also includes a second input terminal, which is connected to a DC input terminal to receive a fourth DC current.

[0045] This embodiment provides a specific method for connecting the fourth DC current. Compared to directly feeding the fourth DC current into the load unit, this embodiment uses a low-voltage backup battery to buffer the fourth DC current, absorbing and clamping current fluctuations that may exist upstream, such as ripple, surge, insertion and removal transients, and voltage drops. This reduces the impact amplitude and ramp-up rate, and prevents the load unit from experiencing abnormalities such as overvoltage, undervoltage, or reset due to upstream fluctuations.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 6 As shown, according to one embodiment of this application, the low-voltage backup battery further includes a third input terminal; the power distribution architecture further includes a high-voltage energy storage battery and a DC-DC step-down unit. The DC-DC step-down unit includes an input terminal and an output terminal. The input terminal of the DC-DC step-down unit is connected to the high-voltage energy storage battery, and the output terminal of the DC-DC step-down unit is connected to the third input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery. The high-voltage energy storage battery is used to store energy at a level higher than the energy storage limit of the low-voltage backup battery, and the DC-DC step-down unit is used to step down the voltage of the high-voltage energy storage battery and output it to the low-voltage backup battery.

[0047] By setting a third input terminal on the low-voltage backup battery and introducing a connected high-voltage energy storage battery and a DC-DC step-down unit, this embodiment injects high-capacity energy from the high-voltage side of the low-voltage backup battery in a controlled manner through voltage reduction. Compared to relying solely on the low-voltage backup battery for power supply, the combination of the high-voltage energy storage battery and the DC-DC step-down unit provides a more sustained power supply. Typically, in park-scale backup power systems, the low-voltage backup battery can support emergency power supply for 1-2 hours. However, longer-term load demands require high-voltage backup power. Therefore, this embodiment is suitable for use by the low-voltage backup battery when short-term fluctuations occur upstream. When planned interruptions occur in the AC grid power supply, the high-voltage energy storage battery charges the low-voltage backup battery through the DC-DC step-down unit to achieve daily power supply.

[0048] Specifically, the operating voltage of the low-voltage backup battery does not exceed 36V, and the operating voltage of the high-voltage energy storage battery is not lower than 1200V. In this way, when there are short-term fluctuations in the upstream, the low-voltage backup battery can provide short-term power at a safe voltage, and the high-voltage energy storage battery is only called when the energy storage of the low-voltage backup battery is insufficient, so that the high energy density under high voltage energy storage can achieve a stable power supply for a long time.

[0049] According to one embodiment of this application, the power distribution architecture further includes a control unit, which is used to execute the following control logic: when the AC current is normally input, the load unit is controlled to be powered by the first output terminal of the rectifier unit, and the low-voltage backup battery is charged by the second output terminal of the rectifier unit; when the AC current is abnormal and the charge value of the low-voltage backup battery is higher than the backup power threshold, the load unit is controlled to be powered by the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery; when the AC current is abnormal and the charge value of the low-voltage backup battery is lower than the backup power threshold, the DC step-down unit is controlled to step down the power of the high-voltage energy storage battery and output it to the third input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery, and the load unit is powered by the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery.

[0050] The control logic of this embodiment ensures that the high-voltage side (i.e., the high-voltage energy storage battery and the DC buck unit) only steps down the input when necessary, and the input energy is buffered by the low-voltage backup battery and not directly applied to the load unit; the low-voltage side (i.e., the low-voltage backup battery and the rectifier unit) is always the default and preferred power supply path, which improves the safety of the power distribution architecture.

[0051] It should be understood that the backup power threshold can be set according to the actual situation. For example, the backup power threshold can be set to 15% of the upper limit of the low-voltage backup battery energy storage. When the energy value of the low-voltage backup battery is lower than 15% of the upper limit of energy storage, the DC step-down unit is activated to step down the energy of the high-voltage energy storage battery and output it to the low-voltage backup battery to avoid over-discharge of the low-voltage backup battery.

[0052] According to one embodiment of this application, the load unit includes a plurality of DC loads, each of which is electrically connected to a first output terminal of the rectifier unit.

[0053] In this embodiment, multiple DC loads are connected to the first output terminal of the rectifier unit. For example, multiple DC loads are connected in parallel to the DC bus powered by the first output terminal of the rectifier unit, realizing unified bus power supply and centralized voltage regulation, reducing the complexity and cost of configuring independent power supplies for each load. When functional expansion is required, since all DC loads share the same rectifier unit and unified DC bus, each DC load can share voltage regulation modules, backup power structures, etc., reducing the number of components and wiring, reducing cost and size, and facilitating centralized protection and maintenance.

[0054] This application also provides an electrical device, including the power distribution architecture of any of the above embodiments.

[0055] Since the electrical equipment provided in this application is applied to the power distribution architecture of the above embodiments, the electrical equipment also has the technical effects of the above embodiments, namely, fewer current conversion levels, higher energy efficiency, and simpler structure. Exemplary examples of the electrical equipment include electric vehicles, electric ships, etc., and the load unit includes low-voltage components such as the power control circuit of the electrical equipment.

[0056] According to one embodiment of this application, the electrical equipment further includes a power battery; the rectifier unit further includes a second output terminal, and the rectifier unit is also used to output a second DC current obtained by rectifying the AC current through the second output terminal; the power distribution architecture further includes: a low-voltage backup battery, which is used to store backup energy, including a first input terminal, a third input terminal and an output terminal, the first input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the second output terminal of the rectifier unit, and the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the load unit, and is used to output a third DC current to power the load unit when the AC current is abnormal; a DC buck unit, which includes an input terminal and an output terminal, the input terminal of the DC buck unit is connected to the power battery, and the output terminal of the DC buck unit is connected to the third input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery, and is used to step down the power energy of the power battery and output it to the low-voltage backup battery.

[0057] In this embodiment, when necessary, the DC-DC step-down unit draws power from the power battery and injects it into the low-voltage backup battery at a reduced voltage, ensuring stable and uninterrupted operation of critical loads. For example, when the electrical equipment is charging normally, the power control circuit draws power from the charging AC power. When the AC power input is abnormal, the low-voltage backup battery supplies power to ensure the power control circuit continues to operate, at least enabling the electrical equipment to respond normally to abnormal AC power input. Furthermore, when the low-voltage backup battery is low on power, the energy from the power battery is stepped down to supply the normal operation of the low-voltage functions of the electrical equipment.

[0058] It should be noted that the order of description of the embodiments in this application is not intended to limit the priority of the embodiments. Based on the implementations provided in the above aspects, this application can be further combined to provide more implementations.

[0059] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application and in its specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0060] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of protection of the claims. All equivalent transformations made under the inventive concept of this application using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A power distribution architecture, characterized in that, include: A rectifier unit includes an input terminal for direct connection to an AC power grid and a first output terminal for outputting DC current. The rectifier unit is used to receive AC current through the input terminal and output a first DC current obtained by rectifying the AC current through the first output terminal. The load unit is directly connected to the first output terminal of the rectifier unit to receive the first DC current.

2. The power distribution architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectifier unit further includes a second output terminal, and the rectifier unit is also used to output a second DC current obtained by rectifying the AC current through the second output terminal; The power distribution architecture also includes a low-voltage backup battery for storing backup energy. The low-voltage backup battery includes a first input terminal and an output terminal. The first input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the second output terminal of the rectifier unit to receive the second DC current. The output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the load unit.

3. The power distribution architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power distribution architecture also includes a backflow prevention unit, which is disposed between the low-voltage backup battery and the load unit to block the reverse current from the first output terminal of the rectifier unit to the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery.

4. The power distribution architecture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The anti-backflow unit includes a diode, the anode of which is connected to the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery, and the cathode of which is connected to the load unit.

5. The power distribution architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power distribution architecture also includes a DC input terminal, which is used to connect a fourth DC current as the energy source for the power distribution architecture.

6. The power distribution architecture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The low-voltage backup battery also includes a second input terminal, which is connected to the DC input terminal to receive the fourth DC current.

7. The power distribution architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The low-voltage backup battery also includes a third input terminal; The power distribution architecture also includes a high-voltage energy storage battery and a DC-DC step-down unit. The DC-DC step-down unit includes an input terminal and an output terminal. The input terminal of the DC-DC step-down unit is connected to the high-voltage energy storage battery, and the output terminal of the DC-DC step-down unit is connected to the third input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery. The high-voltage energy storage battery is used to store energy at a level higher than the energy storage limit of the low-voltage backup battery, and the DC-DC step-down unit is used to step down the voltage of the energy from the high-voltage energy storage battery and output it to the low-voltage backup battery.

8. The power distribution architecture according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power distribution architecture also includes a control unit, which is used to execute the following control logic: When the AC current is input normally, the load unit is controlled to be powered by the first output terminal of the rectifier unit, and the low-voltage backup battery is charged by the second output terminal of the rectifier unit. When the AC current is abnormal and the charge value of the low-voltage backup battery is higher than the backup power threshold, the load unit is controlled to be powered by the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery. When the AC current is abnormal and the charge value of the low-voltage backup battery is lower than the backup power threshold, the DC step-down unit is controlled to step down the power of the high-voltage energy storage battery and output it to the third input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery. The load unit is powered by the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery.

9. The power distribution architecture according to claim 7, characterized in that, The operating voltage of the low-voltage backup battery shall not exceed 36V, and the operating voltage of the high-voltage energy storage battery shall not be lower than 1200V.

10. The power distribution architecture according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The load unit includes multiple DC loads, each of which is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the rectifier unit.

11. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the power distribution architecture as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The electrical equipment according to claim 11, characterized in that, The electrical equipment also includes a power battery; The rectifier unit further includes a second output terminal, and the rectifier unit is also used to output a second DC current obtained by rectifying the AC current through the second output terminal; The power distribution architecture also includes: A low-voltage backup battery is used to store backup energy. It includes a first input terminal, a third input terminal, and an output terminal. The first input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the second output terminal of the rectifier unit, and the output terminal of the low-voltage backup battery is connected to the load unit. It is used to output a third DC current to power the load unit when the AC current is abnormal. A DC-DC step-down unit, comprising an input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the input terminal of the DC-DC step-down unit is connected to the power battery, and the output terminal of the DC-DC step-down unit is connected to the third input terminal of the low-voltage backup battery, for stepping down the power energy of the power battery and outputting it to the low-voltage backup battery.

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