Key generation method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to a key generation method and device, a computer readable storage medium, a computer program product and a computer program. The method comprises the following steps: a first device receives a first pilot signal sent by a second device; the first device calculates a channel estimation value based on a first pilot key and the first pilot signal; the first device generates a first key based on a plurality of first quantization sequences; and the first device sending a plurality of response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value and the plurality of first quantization sequences, the plurality of response signals being used by the second device to generate a second key.

Description

Key generation method and device Technical Field The present application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a key generation method, device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, and computer program. Background Art With the development of communication technology, contactless automatic identification technology has emerged. This technology usually uses wireless radio frequency to perform contactless data transmission between zero-power terminals and other devices. Since the communication channel between zero-power terminals and readers is an insecure channel, in order to ensure the data transmission security of zero-power terminals, a solution is further proposed in which zero-power terminals use keys for communication. However, how to enable zero-power terminals to generate keys in a less complex way and ensure the security of the keys has become a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention Embodiments of the present application provide a key generation method, device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, and computer program. The present invention provides a method for generating a key, including: The first device receives a first pilot signal sent by the second device; The first device calculates a channel estimation value based on a first pilot key and the first pilot signal; The first device generates a first key based on a plurality of first quantized sequences; The first device sends a plurality of response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value and the plurality of first quantization sequences, wherein the plurality of response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key. The present invention provides a method for generating a key, including: The second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key; The second device sends the first pilot signal to the first device; The second device receives a plurality of response signals from the first device; The second device generates a second key based on the plurality of response signals. The present invention provides a method for generating a key, including: The first network device sends a first pilot key to the first device, wherein the first pilot key is used by the first device to calculate a channel estimation value, and sends multiple response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value, wherein the multiple response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key. The embodiment of the present application provides a first device, including: A first communication unit, configured to receive a first pilot signal sent by a second device; and send a plurality of response signals to the second device based on a channel estimation value and a plurality of first quantization sequences, wherein the plurality of response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key; The first processing unit is configured to calculate a channel estimation value based on a first pilot key and the first pilot signal; and generate a first key based on a plurality of first quantization sequences. The embodiment of the present application provides a second device, including: A second processing unit, configured to calculate the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key; and generate a second key based on the multiple response signals; The second communication unit is configured to send the first pilot signal to the first device and receive multiple response signals from the first device. The embodiment of the present application provides a first network device, including: The third communication unit is used to send a first pilot key to the first device, wherein the first pilot key is used by the first device to calculate a channel estimation value, and send multiple response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value, and the multiple response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key. An embodiment of the present application provides a first device, including a processor and a memory communicating with the processor, wherein the memory is used to store instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the first device to execute the above method. An embodiment of the present application provides a second device, a processor, and a memory communicating with the processor, wherein the memory is used to store instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the second device to execute the above method. An embodiment of the present application provides a first network device, including a processor and a memory communicating with the processor, wherein the memory is used to store instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions enable the first network device to execute the above method. The embodiment of the present application provides a chip for implementing the above method. Specifically, the chip includes: a processor, which is used to call and run a computer program from a memory, so that a device equipped with the chip executes the above method. An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which enables a device to perform the above method when the computer program is executed by the device. An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which enable a computer to execute the above method. An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the above method. By adopting the scheme provided in this embodiment, after receiving the first pilot signal of the second device on the first device side, channel estimation can be performed based on the pilot key and the first pilot signal, and then a quantization sequence can be selected to generate its own first key, and then a response signal is sent to the second device in combination with the channel estimation value and the quantization sequence, so that the second device obtains the second key based on the response signal. In this way, the first device performs channel estimation based on the pilot key, which can avoid the problem of low security of the key caused by using a common pilot for channel estimation and renegotiation, and improves the security of the key generated by the first device and the second device. In addition, the first device only needs to perform more complex calculations such as channel estimation, which can reduce the processing complexity on the second device side, and is more suitable for second devices with lower capabilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG2 is a schematic flowchart of a key generation method according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG3 is a schematic flowchart of a key generation method according to another embodiment of the present application. FIG4 is a schematic flowchart of a key generation method according to another embodiment of the present application. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a system composition architecture including only a first device and a second device. FIG6 is a schematic flowchart of a key generation method according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a quantization region index provided according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG8 is a schematic flowchart of a key generation method according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a quantization interval provided according to an embodiment of the present application. 10-13 are four other schematic flow charts of a key generation method according to an embodiment of the present application. Figures 14-17 are schematic diagrams of four AIoT topology structures according to a key generation method according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of two-way communication between an AIoT device and a terminal according to a key generation method according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of a first device according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 20 is a schematic block diagram of a second device according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of a first network device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 22 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 23 is a schematic block diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 24 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as LTE, LTE-A, NR, NR evolution, WLAN, WiFi, or other communication systems. The embodiments of the present application describe various embodiments in combination with the first network device and the terminal. The terminal may be mobile or fixed, and the terminal may also be referred to as a mobile station, a user unit, etc. The terminal may be a site in a WLAN, and may be a smart terminal, a wireless modem, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, or other terminals. In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal may be a VR terminal / AR terminal, an industrial control terminal, an unmanned driving terminal, a telemedicine terminal, a smart grid terminal, a transportation safety terminal, a smart city terminal, or a wireless terminal of a smart home, etc. As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal may also be a wearable device. In the embodiment of the present application, the first network device may be a device for communicating with the terminal, the first network device may be an access point in a WLAN, or an evolved base station in an LTE, or a relay station, or a first network device (gNB) in a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and an NR network, or a first network device in a future evolved PLMN network, or a first network device in a non-terrestrial network, etc. As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiment of the present application, the first network device may have a mobile feature, for example, the first network device may be a mobile device. It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably in this article. The term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship. It should be understood that the "indication" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association relationship. For example, A indicates B, which can mean that A directly indicates B, for example, B can be obtained through A; it can also mean that A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; it can also mean that there is an association relationship between A and B. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "correspondence" can mean that there is a direct or indirect correspondence relationship between the two, or it can mean that there is an association relationship between the two, or it can mean that there is an indication and being indicated, configuration and being configured, etc. To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the relevant technologies of the embodiments of the present application are described below. The following related technologies can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application as optional solutions, and they all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. FIG1 exemplarily shows a communication system 100 , which includes a first network device 110 and two terminals 120 . In one possible implementation, the communication system 100 may include multiple first network devices 110, and each first network device 110 may include other number of terminals 120 within its coverage range, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. In one possible implementation, the communication system 100 may also include a mobility management entity, an access and mobility management function, and other network entities, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Among them, the first network device may include an access network device and a core network device. That is, the communication system may also include multiple core networks for communicating with the access network device. The access network device may be a base station of an LTE, LTE-A, or NR system. Taking the communication system shown in Figure 1 as an example, the communication device may include a first network device and a terminal having a communication function, and the communication device may also include other devices in the communication system, such as a network controller, a mobile management entity, and other network entities, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the basic processes and basic concepts involved in the embodiments of the present application are briefly described below. It should be understood that the basic processes and basic concepts introduced below do not limit the embodiments of the present application. Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a key generation method according to an embodiment of the present application. The method includes at least part of the following contents. S210. The first device receives a first pilot signal sent by the second device; S220. The first device calculates a channel estimation value based on the first pilot key and the first pilot signal; S230: The first device generates a first key based on a plurality of first quantization sequences; S240. The first device sends a plurality of response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value and the plurality of first quantization sequences, wherein the plurality of response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key. Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a key generation method according to another embodiment of the present application. The method includes at least part of the following contents. S310. The second device calculates a first pilot signal based on a first pilot key; S320. The second device sends the first pilot signal to the first device; S330, the second device receives multiple response signals from the first device; S340: The second device generates a second key based on the multiple response signals. Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a key generation method according to another embodiment of the present application. The method includes at least part of the following contents. S410. The first network device sends a first pilot key to the first device, wherein the first pilot key is used by the first device to calculate a channel estimation value, and sends multiple response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value, wherein the multiple response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key. The first device is one of the following: a terminal, a second network device. The second network device may refer to an access network device. The first device may have one or more antennas. In some embodiments, the first device may be called a reader / writer. (Reader), or reader, or tag reader, or tag reader / writer, etc., all possible names or possible devices of the first device are not exhaustively listed here. The second device is a zero-power terminal. In some embodiments, the zero-power terminal may be an Ambient Power-enabled IoT (AIoT) device. In some embodiments, the zero-power terminal may be an active zero-power terminal, or a passive zero-power terminal, or a semi-passive zero-power terminal, etc. In some embodiments, the second device may also be a terminal with lower computing power. In some possible embodiments, the second device may be referred to as a tag. All possible names or possible device types of the second device are not exhaustively listed here. In some embodiments, the first device is a terminal. In this embodiment, the first device and the second device can communicate with each other through a sidelink message. In some embodiments, the first device can be an access network device, for example, the access network device can be any one of a base station, a gNB, an eNB, etc. In this embodiment, the first device and the second device can communicate with each other through an AS (Access Stratum) message. The above-mentioned first network device may include at least one of the following: application function (AF), network function (NF); the NF includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function (AMF), authentication server function (AUSF), HSE, unified data management function (UDM), unified data storage (UDR), security anchor function (SEAF), core network dedicated network element. The above-mentioned core network dedicated network element can be called AIOT network element, or zero power consumption function dedicated network element, or zero power consumption dedicated network element, or zero power consumption terminal dedicated network element, etc., that is, the core network dedicated network element can refer to a network element that at least has zero power consumption related functions (or has AIOT functions), or a core network network element that can at least serve AIOT (or serve zero power consumption terminals). It should be understood that the core network dedicated network element can be set up separately, or it may be that an existing core network network element has been added with zero power consumption related functions (or AIOT functions). This embodiment does not enumerate all possible situations. In some possible implementations, the aforementioned key generation method is implemented only through interaction between the first device and the second device. In one embodiment, before the first device receives the first pilot signal from the second device, the method may further include: the first device sends a first message to the second device. Correspondingly, before the second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key, the method may further include: the second device receives the first message from the first device. The first message may be used to instruct the second device to send a first pilot signal, and / or to instruct the second device to start key negotiation, and / or to instruct the second device to start key generation processing, etc. Further, the first message may also be used to trigger the second device to start or to provide a function for the second device, etc., and all possible functions are not limited or exhaustive here. The first message may also be called a trigger message, or a trigger power supply signal, or a key generation request command, or a key generation request message, etc. The name of the first message and the content it may carry are not limited here. In one embodiment, the second device may actively start to send the first pilot signal to the first device. That is, in this embodiment, the second device does not need other devices to request, indicate, or trigger, and can actively send the first pilot signal so that the first device starts to perform subsequent processing such as key generation. In this embodiment, if the second device is a zero-power terminal, the zero-power terminal may be powered and triggered to start by other means. This embodiment does not limit the zero-power function or the way to start. In some possible implementations, the second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key. In one embodiment, the second device calculating the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key may include: the second device calculating the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key in a first manner. The first pilot key is shared by the first device and the second device. Specifically, the first pilot key may be a shared key, which is shared by the first device and the second device; that is, the first device may use the shared key as the aforementioned first pilot key, and similarly, the second device may use the shared key as the aforementioned first pilot key. The aforementioned shared key may be any one of the following: a pre-shared key (PSK), a pre-distributed key, a private network key, a root key, etc. In a preferred example, the shared key may be a root key. Among them, the first method may include at least one of the following: a pseudo-random number generation method, a hash calculation method, and a lightweight MAC (Message Authentication Codes) algorithm. The hash calculation method may include HMAC-SHA-256 (Hash based Message Authentication Code-Secure Hash Algorithm-256, or other hash algorithms may be used, which are not exhaustive in this embodiment. It should be understood that this is only an exemplary description, and in actual processing, the first method may also include other algorithms and / or functions, such as the first method may also include at least one of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), SNOW 3G (Snow Third Generation, third generation mobile communication snow), ZUC (ZUChongzhi, Zu Chongzhi), etc., but this embodiment does not limit or exhaustively list them. The aforementioned first pilot signal may also be referred to as a first private pilot signal, or a private pilot signal of a second device, or a private pilot of a second device, etc. The length of the first pilot signal may be L, and the length unit may be bit, L is a positive integer, and preferably, L may be a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. Further, the first pilot signal may refer to a signal carrying a first pilot sequence. That is, the first pilot signal refers to a signal sent by the second device to the first device, and the signal actually carries the first pilot sequence, and the length of the first pilot sequence is L. It should be noted that, since the first pilot sequence may be all the content carried by the first pilot signal, in order to facilitate description below, the first pilot sequence and the first pilot signal are no longer specifically distinguished, and the length of the first pilot signal involved below refers to the length of the first pilot sequence, which will not be repeated below. Exemplarily, the first method may be a pseudo-random number generation method, and accordingly, the second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key using the pseudo-random number generation method. For example, the pseudo-random number generation method may be implemented using a pseudo-random number generator, and its pseudo-random number generation method may be represented as PRNG(), then the aforementioned process of calculating the first pilot signal may be represented as X T =PRNG(K),X T represents the first pilot signal, and K represents the first pilot key (or shared key). Exemplarily, the first method may be a hash calculation method, and accordingly, the second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key using the hash calculation method. In this case, the first pilot signal may be a hash. For example, the hash calculation method may be represented by Hash(), and the aforementioned process of calculating the first pilot signal may be represented by X T =Hash(K), the meaning of the content in this formula is the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. Exemplarily, the first method may be a lightweight MAC algorithm, and accordingly, the second device uses the lightweight MAC algorithm to calculate the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key. For example, the lightweight MAC algorithm may be represented as MAC(), and the aforementioned process of calculating the first pilot signal may be represented as X T =MAC(K), the meaning of the content in this formula is the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. In one embodiment, the second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key, including: the second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter includes at least one of the following: a first random number, a length of the first random number, a first timestamp, an identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, and a first count value. The second device calculating the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key and the first parameter may include: the second device calculating the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key and the first parameter in a first manner. The description of the first manner is the same as that of the above embodiment and is not repeated here. The first random number may be preconfigured, generated by the second device, or indicated by the first device. In the case where the first random number is preconfigured, the first random number may be preconfigured by both the first device and the second device. The selection or configuration method of the first random number is not limited in this embodiment. In the case where the first random number is generated by the second device, the first random number may be generated by the second device before calculating the first pilot signal, and the processing of the second device may also include: the second device sends the first random number to the first device. The generation method of the first random number is not limited in this embodiment. The timing of the second device sending the first random number to the first device is within the protection scope of this embodiment as long as it is before the first device starts to calculate the second pilot signal. For example, the second device may send the first random number to the first device while sending the aforementioned first pilot signal; for another example, the second device may send the first random number to the first device before calculating the first pilot signal. The specific sending message or sending method is not limited in this embodiment. In the case where the first random number is indicated by the first device, the processing of the first device may also include: the first device sends the first random number to the second device. The generation method of the first random number is not limited here. The first device may send the first random number to the second device before the second device calculates the first pilot signal. For example, the first random number may be carried by the aforementioned first message. All possible ways of sending or carrying the first random number are not limited or enumerated herein. The first timestamp may be a first timestamp when the second device calculates the first pilot signal. The starting first count value, starting count time, and step value corresponding to the first count value may be preset or predefined, that is, the first device and the second device have the same starting first count value, starting count time, and step value, wherein the step value refers to the amount of increase in the first count value each time. For example, the starting first count value corresponding to the first count value may be 0, or other specified values; the starting count time of the first count value may be when the first device sends the first message, or when the second device receives the first message; the first count value may be a step value that increases once every time unit, and the time unit may be set according to actual conditions, such as seconds, minutes, hours, time slots, etc., which are not exhaustively listed and limited here. It should be understood that the above is only an exemplary description, and in addition to the possibilities provided in the above examples, other methods may be used for the increase method of the first count value, the starting first count value, and the starting count time, as long as the first device and the second device are the same, they are within the protection scope of this embodiment. The length of the aforementioned first random number and the length of the identifier of the second device can be represented by a numerical value in a specified base, such as a decimal value, a binary value, a hexadecimal value, etc., which are not exhaustively listed or limited here. The first parameter used by the second device to calculate the first pilot signal at any time may include at least part of the above-mentioned various contents. For example, the identifier of the second device may be used as the first parameter, for example, only the first timestamp may be used as the first parameter, for example, the first timestamp and the first random number may be used as the first parameter, etc., which will not be enumerated here. As long as the second device and the first device use the same first parameter, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment. Exemplarily, the first method may be a pseudo-random number generation method, and accordingly, the second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key and the first parameter using the pseudo-random number generation method. For example, the pseudo-random number generation method may be implemented using a pseudo-random number generator, and its pseudo-random number generation method may be represented as PRNG(), then the aforementioned process of calculating the first pilot signal may be represented as X T =PRNG(K,P),X T represents the first pilot signal, K represents the first pilot key (or shared key), and P represents the first parameter. The content that the first parameter may contain has been described in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. Exemplarily, the first method may be a hash calculation method, and accordingly, the second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key and the first parameter using a hash calculation method. In this case, the first pilot signal may be a hash. For example, the hash calculation method may be represented by Hash(), and the aforementioned process of calculating the first pilot signal may be represented by X T=Hash(K, P), the meaning of the content in this formula is the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. Exemplarily, the first method may be a lightweight MAC algorithm, and accordingly, the second device uses the lightweight MAC algorithm to calculate the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key and the first parameter. For example, the lightweight MAC algorithm may be represented as MAC(), and the aforementioned process of calculating the first pilot signal may be represented as X T =MAC(K, P), the meaning of the content in this formula is the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. In some possible implementations, after receiving the first pilot signal, the first device may calculate a channel estimation value based on the first pilot key and the first pilot signal. The first device calculates a channel estimation value based on a first pilot key and the first pilot signal, including: the first device calculates a fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key; the first device calculates a channel estimation value based on the fourth pilot signal and the first pilot signal. In one embodiment, the first device calculating the fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key may include: the first device calculating the fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key using a first method. The description of the first pilot key is the same as that of the above embodiment and is not repeated here. The description of the first method is also the same as that of the above embodiment and is not repeated here. The fourth pilot signal may also be referred to as a fourth private pilot signal, or a private pilot signal of the first device, etc. The length of the fourth pilot signal should be the same as the length of the first pilot signal, which is L. Furthermore, the fourth pilot signal is specifically a fourth pilot sequence calculated by the first device. The fourth pilot signal is not a signal that the first device will definitely send. Therefore, the fourth pilot signal mentioned here mainly refers to the fourth pilot sequence. If there is no special explanation below, the fourth pilot signal and the fourth pilot sequence have the same meaning. same. The specific calculation method and parameters used for the fourth pilot signal should be the same as those for the first pilot signal, that is, in theory, the first device and the second device should obtain the same pilot signal. In this embodiment, in order to distinguish them, they are respectively called the fourth pilot signal and the first pilot signal. For example, the first pilot signal X T The fourth pilot signal X is calculated by using the hash calculation method and the first pilot key. R Hash calculation method and first pilot key calculation should also be used, which are not listed here one by one. In one embodiment, the first device calculating the fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key may include: the first device calculating the fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter includes at least one of the following: a first random number, a length of the first random number, a first timestamp, an identifier of the second device, a length of the identifier of the second device, and a first count value. The first device calculating the fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key and the first parameter may include: the first device calculating the fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key and the first parameter in a first manner. The description of the first method, the first pilot key, the first parameter, and the fourth pilot signal are the same as those in the aforementioned embodiment and are not repeated here. It should be pointed out that the specific calculation method of the fourth pilot signal and the content of the first parameter specifically used should be the same as those of the aforementioned first pilot signal, that is, in theory, the two should obtain the same pilot signal. For example, the first pilot signal is calculated using a lightweight MAC algorithm based on the first pilot key and the first parameter (such as including the identifier of the second device and the first random number), and the fourth pilot signal should also be calculated using a lightweight MAC algorithm based on the first pilot key and the first parameter (such as including the identifier of the second device and the first random number), which are not listed one by one here. In one embodiment, the first device calculates the channel estimation value based on the fourth pilot signal and the first pilot signal, which may refer to: the first device calculates the channel estimation value based on the fourth pilot signal and the first pilot signal using a second method. The second method may include at least one of the following: least squares, minimum mean square error, etc. It should be understood that this is only an exemplary description, and any method that can calculate the channel estimation value can be used in this embodiment and is within the protection scope of this embodiment, and is not exhaustive here. In this implementation manner, the first pilot signal used by the first device to calculate the channel estimation value refers to the first pilot signal received by the first device. The first pilot signal received by the first device is different from the first pilot signal sent by the second device. This is because the first pilot signal sent by the second device refers to the first pilot signal sent by the sending unit of the second device (such as the antenna of the second device), and the first pilot signal received by the first device (such as the antenna of the first device) is the first pilot signal after wireless transmission. The first pilot signal may have channel loss during the wireless transmission process. Therefore, the first pilot signal received by the first device and the first pilot signal sent by the second device may have at least some parameters such as amplitude, strength, and phase. In this implementation manner, the first device uses the first pilot key and the received first pilot signal to calculate the channel estimation value between the first device and the second device, so that this part of the channel loss is subsequently offset by the channel estimation value. In some possible implementations, different response signals among the multiple response signals occupy different time domain ranges, that is, the first device sends one response signal to the second device each time. In this implementation manner, each response signal sent by the first device corresponds to a first quantization sequence. In other words, when the first device sends the i-th response signal for the i-th time, the i-th group of transmission parameters corresponding to the i-th response signal is related to the i-th first quantization sequence in the plurality of first quantization sequences and the channel estimation value. In some possible embodiments, the first device may generate a first key based on a plurality of first quantization sequences. The processing of the first device may also include: the first device generates the i-th first quantization sequence based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence, wherein the i-th first quantization sequence is any one of multiple first quantization sequences, and i is a positive integer. Before the first device generates the i-th first quantization sequence based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence, it may also include: the first device selects the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence. The i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence refers to the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type used to generate the i-th first quantization sequence. The one or more types include at least one of the following: a phase type, an amplitude type, and an RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) type. The first device selects the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence, which may include: the first device selects the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence from multiple candidate quantization sequences of multiple candidate types. The multiple candidate types include part or all of the candidate phase type, the candidate amplitude type, and the candidate RSSI type. Each of the multiple candidate types corresponds to multiple candidate quantization sequences. Here, each candidate type and its corresponding multiple candidate quantization sequences may be included in a quantization scheme, which is predefined, that is, can be obtained in advance in the first device. And save the quantization scheme. The first device generates the i-th first quantization sequence based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence, which may include one of the following: when the i-th first quantization sequence corresponds to only the i-th initial quantization sequence of one type, the first device uses the i-th initial quantization sequence of the type as the i-th first quantization sequence; when the i-th first quantization sequence corresponds to the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of multiple types, the first device generates the i-th first quantization sequence based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type. The first device generates the i-th first quantization sequence based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type, which may include one of the following: the first device splices the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type based on a first specified order to obtain the i-th first quantization sequence; the first device calculates the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type based on a third method to obtain the first quantization sequence. Among them, the first specified order can be predefined, for example, the first specified order can be an order specified by type. For example, the first specified order may include: in the case of a phase type, the phase type is set at the starting position, in the case of an amplitude type, the amplitude type is set after the phase type and before the RSSI type, and in the case of an RSSI type, the RSSI type is set at the last position; that is, if the type selected this time only includes the amplitude type and the phase type, then the i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type is first, and then the i-th initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type is sorted and spliced ​​to obtain the i-th first quantization sequence. It should be understood that this is only an exemplary description, and does not mean that there is only one first specified order mentioned above, but this embodiment is not exhaustive. Among them, the third method can be pre-configured, for example, it can include at least one of XOR calculation, direct calculation, etc. It should be understood that this is only an exemplary description. In actual processing, the third method can also include other algorithms or functions, such as AES algorithm, etc., which are not exhaustive here. The above description is merely made by taking the first device generating or obtaining the first quantization sequence at any one time as an example. It should be noted that, among the multiple response signals sent by the first device, different response signals correspond to different first quantization sequences, and the types of initial quantization sequences corresponding to different first quantization sequences may be the same or different. In some embodiments, the first device may use the same type of initial quantization sequence each time to generate a first quantization sequence corresponding to each response signal. In this case, the first device and the second device are both defaulted or pre-configured, and the quantization sequences (first quantization sequences or second quantization sequences) corresponding to all response signals may use the same one or more types. For example, the first device selects an initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type as the first quantization sequence each time; or, the first device selects an initial quantization sequence of the phase type as the first quantization sequence each time; or, each time, the first device selects an initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type and an initial quantization sequence of the phase type to generate the first quantization sequence. That is, the first device selects the same type of initial quantization sequence each time, and uses the same processing method to obtain the first quantization sequence, and finally obtains multiple first quantization sequences, and all possibilities are not exhaustively enumerated here. In one embodiment, each of the multiple response signals may have a first correspondence with the type used to generate the quantization sequence. The first correspondence is used by the first device to determine the type of the initial quantization sequence used to generate the first quantization sequence corresponding to each response signal. In addition, the first correspondence is used by the second device to determine the type of the received quantization sequence used to generate the second quantization sequence corresponding to each response signal. The first correspondence may be referred to as a signal type correspondence or other names, which are not limited or exhaustive. The first correspondence may be predefined or negotiated between the first device and the second device, which is not limited here. As long as the first device and the second device are configured with the same first correspondence, they are within the protection scope of this embodiment. The first correspondence can be used to indicate one or more unified types, that is, the first device can determine that the types of initial quantization sequences corresponding to different response signals for generating different first quantization sequences are the same through the first correspondence. For example, they can all be amplitude types, or phase types, or RSSI types, or amplitude types and phase types, etc., which are not exhaustive here. Alternatively, the first corresponding relationship may be used to indicate a type corresponding rule, for example, the type corresponding rule may include: the i-th response signal corresponds to the RSSI type, the i+1-th response signal corresponds to the amplitude type, and so on. This is only an exemplary description, as long as the type selection rule can enable the first device or the second device to determine the type corresponding to different response signals for generating different quantization sequences. Taking the first device as an example, the first device can determine the i-th selected phase type according to the first corresponding relationship, select the i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type from multiple candidate quantization sequences of multiple candidate types, and directly use the i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type as the i-th first quantization sequence; the first device can determine the i+1-th selected RSSI type according to the first corresponding relationship, select the i+1-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type from multiple candidate quantization sequences of multiple candidate types, and directly use the i+1-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type as the i+1-th first quantization sequence, and so on, without further elaboration. Taking the first device as an example, the first device can determine the i-th selected phase type according to the first corresponding relationship, select the i-th initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type from multiple candidate quantization sequences of multiple candidate types, and The first device can determine the i+1th selection of RSSI type and phase type according to the first corresponding relationship, select the i+1th initial quantization sequence of RSSI type and the i+1th initial quantization sequence of phase type from multiple candidate quantization sequences of multiple candidate types, and splice the i+1th initial quantization sequence of RSSI type and the i+1th initial quantization sequence of phase type in the first specified order to obtain the i+1th first quantization sequence, and so on, which will not be repeated. The above is only an exemplary description. In actual processing, the first correspondence is not limited to the several possibilities listed above. As long as the first device and the second device can determine one or more types for generating a quantization sequence (a first quantization sequence or a second quantization sequence) corresponding to each response signal based on the first correspondence, they are all within the protection scope of this embodiment and are not listed one by one here. The first device generates the first key based on the multiple first quantization sequences, which may mean that the first device sorts the multiple first quantization sequences and obtains the first key by splicing the sorted first quantization sequences. Among them, the first device sorts the multiple first quantization sequences, which can be sorted according to the order in which the multiple first quantization sequences are generated; accordingly, the first key is obtained by splicing based on the sorting of each first quantization sequence, which can be obtained by splicing according to the order in which the first quantization sequences are generated. When splicing the first key, the first quantization sequence generated first can be placed at the very beginning, and the last generated first quantization sequence can be placed at the very end to splice the first key, or vice versa. This embodiment does not enumerate all possible splicing sequences or methods used when generating the first key. As long as the first device and the second device are spliced ​​in the same way, they are within the protection scope of this embodiment. In some possible implementations, the first device sends multiple response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value and the multiple first quantization sequences, including: the first device determines multiple groups of parameter values ​​based on the multiple first quantization sequences; the first device determines multiple groups of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation value and the multiple groups of parameter values; the first device sends the multiple response signals to the second device based on the multiple groups of transmission parameters. Still taking any one of multiple first quantization sequences as the i-th first quantization sequence as an example, the first device determines multiple groups of parameter values ​​based on the multiple first quantization sequences, including: the first device determines the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the first quantization information and the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence, wherein the first quantization information is used to determine the candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in multiple candidate quantization sequences, and the one or more types include at least one of the following: phase type, amplitude type, received signal strength indication RSSI type, the i-th first quantization sequence is one of the multiple first quantization sequences, the i-th group of parameter values ​​is one of the multiple groups of parameter values, and i is an integer. Here, the first quantization information may be predefined. The first quantization information may be included in a quantization scheme, and the quantization scheme may be predefined. In combination with the foregoing embodiment, the quantization scheme may include first quantization information and each candidate type in the foregoing multiple candidate types and its corresponding multiple candidate quantization sequences. That is, for the first device, the quantization scheme may be pre-saved in the first device, or pre-configured in the first device, etc.; for the second device, the quantization scheme may be pre-saved in the second device, or pre-configured in the second device, etc. This embodiment does not limit the manner in which the first device and the second device predefine, pre-save, or pre-configure the foregoing quantization scheme. As long as the first device and the second device use the same quantization scheme and the same quantization sequence under the same type corresponds to the same parameter value, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment. In addition, it should be pointed out that the quantization scheme is constructed based on the receiving state of the second device. Optionally, the first quantization information may include a mapping relationship table, where the mapping relationship table includes: a candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in a plurality of candidate quantization sequences. Optionally, the first quantization information may include a first quantization calculation method, the input of the first quantization calculation method may include any candidate quantization sequence, and the output may include a candidate parameter value corresponding to the any candidate quantization sequence. It should be noted that the aforementioned candidate parameter values ​​may also be referred to as candidate quantization values, or candidate quantization reference values, or candidate quantization parameter values, etc. in some possible examples. If there is no special explanation below, the above-mentioned name concepts are the same and will not be repeated. Furthermore, the aforementioned quantization scheme may include different quantization schemes corresponding to different candidate types, and the specific quantization scheme may include at least one of the following: a phase quantization scheme, an amplitude quantization scheme, and an RSSI quantization scheme. The first quantization information also includes first phase quantization information, first amplitude quantization information, and first RSSI quantization information. The aforementioned candidate amplitude type and its corresponding candidate quantization sequence, and the first amplitude quantization information are stored under the amplitude quantization scheme, the aforementioned candidate phase type and its corresponding candidate quantization sequence, and the first phase quantization information are stored under the amplitude quantization scheme, and the aforementioned candidate RSSI type and its corresponding candidate quantization sequence, and the first RSSI quantization information are stored under the RSSI quantization scheme. The contents of the first phase quantization information, the first amplitude quantization information, and the first RSSI quantization information are similar to those of the aforementioned first quantization information example, except that the type is added. For example, the first amplitude quantization information may include an amplitude mapping relationship table, specifically including a candidate amplitude value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in multiple candidate quantization sequences under the amplitude type; or, the first amplitude quantization information includes a first amplitude quantization calculation method, whose input is a candidate quantization sequence of the amplitude type, and whose output is a candidate amplitude value. The contents of the first phase quantization information and the first RSSI quantization information are similar to those of the aforementioned first amplitude quantization information, except that the type exists Therefore, no repetition is given. In some embodiments, the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes at least one of the following: an i-th amplitude value, an i-th phase value, an i-th RSSI value. The first device determines, based on the first quantization information and an i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence, an i-th group of parameter values, including at least one of the following: In a case where the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes an i-th initial quantization sequence of an amplitude type, the first device determines an i-th amplitude value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type and the first amplitude quantization information; In a case where the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes an i-th initial quantization sequence of a phase type, the first device determines an i-th phase value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type and the first phase quantization information; In a case where the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes the i-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type, the first device determines the i-th RSSI value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type and the first RSSI quantization information. The correspondence between the i-th first quantization sequence and the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type has been explained in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here. It should be pointed out that the i-th first quantization sequence may correspond to the i-th initial quantization sequence of one type or to the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type among multiple types. Therefore, when calculating the i-th group of parameter values, it is necessary to calculate them separately in combination with the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type. The i-th group of transmission parameters in the one or more groups of transmission parameters includes at least one of the following: the i-th transmission phase, the i-th transmission power. The first device determines the multiple sets of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation value and the multiple sets of parameter values, including at least one of the following: In a case where the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th amplitude value, the first device calculates the i-th transmit power in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th amplitude value, wherein the i-th group of transmit parameters is one of the multiple groups of transmit parameters; In a case where the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th phase value, the first device calculates the i-th transmission phase in the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation phase value and the i-th phase value; In a case where the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th RSSI value, the first device calculates the i-th transmission power in the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th RSSI value. It should be noted that since the RSSI value can be understood as the square of the amplitude value, the i-th amplitude value and the i-th RSSI value can both be used to determine the transmit power. Based on this, when setting the first corresponding relationship, or when defaulting the type for generating a quantization sequence corresponding to any response signal, the amplitude type and the RSSI type can be used for different response signals, that is, the i-th amplitude value and the i-th RSSI value are not included in the i-th group of parameter values ​​at the same time as much as possible, so as to avoid conflicts between the two when calculating different i-th transmit powers. Of course, in order to solve the above-mentioned conflict problem, the first RSSI quantization information and the first amplitude quantization information can also be set to have the same corresponding relationship. For example, when the square of a candidate amplitude value is equal to a candidate RSSI value, the two values ​​have the same candidate quantization sequences corresponding to their respective corresponding quantization information. This can also be within the protection scope of this embodiment, and all possible situations are not enumerated here. In addition, the channel estimation value may specifically include a channel estimation amplitude value and a channel estimation phase value. This embodiment does not limit the manner in which the channel estimation value is split to obtain the channel estimation amplitude value and the channel estimation phase value. It is only necessary to understand that the channel estimation amplitude value is subsequently used to offset power loss or power attenuation during channel transmission, and the channel estimation phase value is subsequently used to offset phase change or phase attenuation during channel transmission. Optionally, when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th amplitude value, the first device calculates the i-th transmit power in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th amplitude value. Since the aforementioned first quantization information (specifically, it may be the first amplitude quantization information) is constructed based on the receiving state (such as the receiving amplitude) of the second device, the i-th amplitude value obtained based on the aforementioned first amplitude quantization information refers to the expected amplitude value, or the predicted amplitude value, or the theoretical amplitude value when the second device receives the i-th response signal. Furthermore, in this embodiment, it is necessary to combine the aforementioned channel estimation value and the i-th amplitude value to further determine the i-th transmission power of the first device. Specifically, the first device calculates the i-th transmission power in the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th amplitude value, which may include: calculating the square value of the channel estimation amplitude value to obtain a first value, multiplying the first value by the path loss to obtain a second value; calculating the square value of the i-th amplitude value; dividing the square value of the i-th amplitude value by the second value to obtain the i-th transmission power. Calculating the square value of the channel estimation amplitude value to obtain the first value may include: multiplying the absolute value of the i-th response signal by the channel The absolute value of the amplitude value is estimated to obtain the third value, and the square value of the third value is calculated to obtain the first value. The path loss may be set according to actual conditions, and this embodiment does not limit the method for obtaining the path loss. The calculation method of calculating the i-th transmission power is exemplarily described in combination with the formula: When the quantization value corresponding to the i-th initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type selected by the first device (i.e., the i-th amplitude value) is expressed as When the Tag receives the i-th response signal, the amplitude is When in, represents the i-th transmission power, x R represents the i-th response signal, h′ R,T Indicates the channel estimation amplitude value, PL R,T Indicates road loss. Optionally, when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th phase value, the first device calculates the i-th transmission phase in the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation phase value and the i-th phase value. Since the aforementioned first quantization information (specifically, it may be the first phase quantization information) is constructed based on the receiving state (such as the receiving phase) of the second device, the i-th phase value obtained based on the aforementioned first phase quantization information refers to the expected phase value, or the predicted phase value, or the theoretical phase value when the second device receives the i-th response signal; in this embodiment, it is necessary to combine the aforementioned channel estimation value and the i-th phase value to further determine the i-th sending phase of the first device. Specifically, the first device calculates the i-th transmission phase in the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation phase value and the i-th phase value, which may include: subtracting the channel estimation phase value from the i-th phase value to obtain the i-th transmission phase in the i-th group of transmission parameters. The calculation method of the i-th transmission phase is exemplarily described in combination with the formula: Assume that the quantization value (i-th phase value) corresponding to the i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type selected by the first device is When the Tag receives the i-th response signal, the amplitude is When in, represents the i-th transmission phase, Estimate the phase value for the channel. Optionally, when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th RSSI value, the first device calculates the i-th transmit power in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th RSSI value. Since the aforementioned first quantization information (specifically, it can be the first RSSI quantization information) is constructed based on the receiving state of the second device (such as RSSI), the i-th RSSI value obtained based on the aforementioned RSSI first quantization information refers to the expected RSSI value, or predicted RSSI value, or theoretical RSSI value when the second device receives the i-th response signal; in this embodiment, it is necessary to combine the aforementioned channel estimation value and the i-th RSSI value to further determine the transmission power of the first device. Specifically, the first device calculates the i-th transmission power in the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th RSSI value, which may include: calculating the square value of the channel estimation amplitude value to obtain a first value, multiplying the first value by the path loss to obtain a second value; dividing the i-th RSSI value by the second value to obtain the i-th transmission power. Calculating the square of the channel estimation amplitude value to obtain the first value may include: multiplying the absolute value of the response signal by the absolute value of the channel estimation amplitude value to obtain a third value, and calculating the square of the third value to obtain the first value. The path loss may be set according to actual conditions, and this embodiment does not limit the acquisition method thereof. The difference between this example and the above example in which the i-th amplitude value is used to calculate the i-th transmission power is that the i-th RSSI value itself is approximately equal to the square of the i-th amplitude value, so the i-th RSSI value can be directly used to calculate the i-th transmission power. The above example in which the i-th transmission power is calculated is illustrated by combining the formula: When the RSSI value corresponding to the i-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type selected by the first device (i.e., the i-th RSSI value) is expressed as When the RSSI of the Tag receiving the i-th response signal is When in, represents the i-th transmission power, x R represents the i-th response signal, h′ R,T Indicates the channel estimation amplitude value, PL R,T Indicates road loss. It should be understood that the aforementioned methods of calculating the i-th transmission power and calculating the i-th transmission phase are exemplary descriptions, and other calculation methods may also be used in actual processing, but this embodiment does not list them all. In some embodiments, the first device sends multiple response signals to the second device based on the multiple groups of sending parameters, including: the first device sends an i-th response signal to the second device based on the i-th group of sending parameters, wherein the i-th response signal is one of the multiple response signals, and different response signals among the multiple response signals occupy different time domain ranges. That is to say, the first device sends response signals at different times based on different groups of sending parameters in the multiple groups of sending parameters. Each of the multiple response signals is a second pilot signal, and the second pilot signal is calculated based on the first pilot key. Optionally, the second pilot signal may be the same as the fourth pilot signal. After the first device generates the fourth pilot signal, the fourth pilot signal is directly used as each response signal. That is, the content of each response signal is the same and is the fourth pilot signal. Optionally, the second pilot signal may be different from the aforementioned fourth pilot signal, that is, the first device generates the fourth pilot signal only for channel estimation, and before sending multiple response signals, the processing of the first device may also include: the first device calculates the second pilot signal based on the first pilot key. In addition, the content of each response signal is the same, that is, the second pilot signal. Specifically, the first device calculating the second pilot signal based on the first pilot key may include: the first device calculating the second pilot signal based on the first pilot key and a third parameter to calculate a second pilot signal, where the third parameter may include at least one of: a third random number, a length of the third random number, a second timestamp, an identifier of the second device, a length of the identifier of the second device, and a second count value. The type of the third parameter is similar to the type of the first parameter. The third random number may be the same as or different from the aforementioned first random number. If the third random number is different from the first random number, the third random number may be predefined, determined by the first device, or indicated by the second device. If the third random number is predefined, the first device and the second device need to predefine the same third random number. If the third random number is determined by the first device, the first device may also send the third random number to the second device. This embodiment does not limit the timing of the first device sending the third random number or carrying a message, as long as it is before the first device sends multiple response signals to the second device, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment. If the third random number is indicated by the second device, the second device may also send the third random number to the first device. This embodiment does not limit the timing of the second device sending the third random number or carrying a message, as long as it is before the first device sends multiple response signals to the second device, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment. The second timestamp may refer to a timestamp for calculating the second pilot signal, or may be a timestamp for starting to send the first response signal. The description of the second count value is similar to that of the above embodiment, and will not be repeated. The detailed process of calculating the second pilot signal is similar to the process of calculating the first pilot signal or the fourth pilot signal in the aforementioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here. In some possible embodiments, the first device determines the multiple groups of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation value and the multiple groups of parameter values, including: the first device calculates the radio frequency coefficient based on the channel estimation value; the first device determines the multiple groups of transmission parameters based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficient. This embodiment is particularly suitable for a scenario where the first device has multiple antennas. The aforementioned first device receives a first pilot signal, including: each of the multiple antennas of the first device receives the first pilot signal. Correspondingly, the first device calculates a channel estimation value based on the fourth pilot signal and the first pilot signal, which may refer to: the first device calculates a channel estimation value based on the fourth pilot signal and the first pilot signal received by each antenna. For example, it is assumed that the first device has N antennas, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The number of antennas of the first device receiving the first pilot signal by each antenna can be represented as Y R , YR =[y1,…,y L ] N×L =H T,R X T +N R , where [y1,…,y L ] N×L represents the first pilot signal of length L received by each of the N antennas, H T,R represents the channel between the second device and the first device (or called the small-scale channel fading coefficient), X T represents the first pilot signal, is the Gaussian noise on the first device side. T =diag(x1,…,x L ), diag() represents a diagonal matrix, “x1,…,x L " represents each bit of the L bits in the first pilot signal. The first device calculates the channel estimation value based on the fourth pilot signal and the first pilot signal received by each antenna, which may mean that the first device obtains the channel estimation value based on the first pilot signal received by each antenna minus the Gaussian noise on the first device side, divided by the fourth pilot signal with a length of L. The fourth pilot signal with a length of L can be expressed as X R =diag(x1,…,x L ), the channel estimation value refers to the channel estimation value between the first device and the second device estimated by the first device, and the channel estimation value can be expressed as Among them, H′ R,T represents the channel estimation value, Represents the channel estimation value corresponding to the first antenna, and so on. It represents the channel estimation value corresponding to the Nth antenna, and the “H” in the upper right corner of the bracket represents the transposed conjugate of the matrix. The first device calculates a radio frequency coefficient W based on the channel estimation value R , the reciprocal of the channel estimation value of each antenna can be used to form the RF coefficient, for example, it can be expressed by the following formula: In this embodiment, the RF coefficient is composed of, calculated or generated by the inverse of the channel estimation value corresponding to each antenna; accordingly, the role of the RF coefficient can be to offset the corresponding channel characteristics (such as to offset the transmission attenuation or transmission loss of the signal in the channel, etc.), so that the signal transmitted to the corresponding second device on the channel is the same or substantially the same as the signal sent by the first device. All possible roles or functions of the RF coefficient are not exhaustively listed here. Exemplarily, the RF coefficient can also be called the antenna weight coefficient, or antenna coefficient, or antenna RF transmission coefficient, or RF transmission coefficient, or gain coefficient, or transmission weight coefficient, etc., and all possible names are not exhaustively listed here. The first device determines the multiple sets of transmission parameters based on the multiple sets of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficients, including: The first device determines the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the i-th group of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficients, and the i-th group of transmission parameters is one of the multiple groups of transmission parameters. The description of the i-th group of parameter values ​​is the same as that in the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here. Specifically, the first device determines the i-th group of sending parameters based on the i-th group of parameter values ​​and the RF coefficients, which may include: the first device determines the i-th group of expected parameters based on the i-th group of parameter values, and uses the i-th group of expected parameters and the RF coefficients as the i-th group of sending parameters. The i-th group of predicted parameters may include at least one of an i-th predicted power and an i-th predicted phase. The first device determines the i-th group of predicted parameters based on the i-th group of parameter values, including at least one of the following: when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes an i-th amplitude value, determining the i-th predicted power based on the i-th amplitude value; when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes an i-th phase value, using the i-th phase value as the i-th predicted phase; when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes an i-th RSSI value, determining the i-th predicted power based on the i-th RSSI value. In some possible cases, since the RF coefficient is generated based on the channel estimation value, the RF coefficient contains power when normalization is not performed. In this case, determining the ith expected power based on the ith amplitude value may be to use the ith amplitude value as the ith expected power. In other possible cases, if the RF coefficient is normalized, the aforementioned determination of the ith expected power based on the ith amplitude value may refer to: calculating the product of the square of the fourth pilot signal and the path loss as the fourth value, and dividing the square of the ith amplitude value by the fourth value to obtain the ith expected power. The normalization of the RF coefficient can be implemented by matrix normalization. The specific implementation method of matrix normalization is not exhaustive or limited in this embodiment. Determining the i-th expected power based on the i-th RSSI value may be: directly using the i-th RSSI value as the i-th expected power. Directly using the i-th RSSI value as the i-th expected power may be used in the case where the radio frequency coefficients are not normalized, or may be used in the case where the radio frequency coefficients are normalized, and this embodiment does not limit it. In this embodiment, the first device sends multiple response signals to the second device based on the multiple groups of sending parameters, including: the first device sends the i-th response signal to the second device based on the i-th group of sending parameters, wherein the i-th response signal is one of the multiple response signals, and different response signals among the multiple response signals occupy different time domain ranges. Here, sending the i-th response signal to the second device based on the i-th group of sending parameters may refer to: if the i-th group of sending parameters includes the i-th expected power, using the i-th expected power and the RF coefficient to send the i-th response signal to the second device; if the i-th group of sending parameters includes the i-th expected phase, using the i-th expected phase and the RF coefficient to send the i-th response signal to the second device; if the i-th group of sending parameters includes the i-th expected power and the i-th expected phase, controlling the use of the i-th expected power, the i-th expected phase and the RF coefficient to send the i-th response signal to the second device. With this solution, the first device still only sends one response signal each time, and the transmission loss of each response signal on the channel can be offset by the RF coefficient used by the first device. Therefore, the expected power and / or expected phase can be determined more efficiently and directly based on the i-th group of parameter values, so that the second device can directly measure at least one of the receiving phase, receiving amplitude, and RSSI for each response signal, and can obtain the same quantization sequence as the first device. For example, assuming that the i-th response signal is the fourth pilot signal (X R =diag(x1,…,x L )), then the i-th response signal sent using the RF coefficients can be expressed as: The i-th response signal X R,i It may be a response signal processed by the expected phase and / or the expected power, which is not illustrated in the formula for the sake of simplicity. In some possible implementations, after receiving the multiple response signals, the second device may generate a second key based on the multiple response signals. The second device generates a second key based on the multiple response signals, including: the second device determines multiple second quantization sequences based on a reception parameter of each response signal in the multiple response signals; and the second device generates the second key based on the multiple second quantization sequences. The second device determines multiple second quantization sequences based on the receiving parameters of each response signal in the multiple response signals, including: the second device determines the i-th received quantization sequence of each type of one or more types based on the receiving parameters of the i-th response signal and the second quantization information, wherein the one or more types include at least one of the following: phase type, amplitude type, received signal strength indication RSSI type, the second quantization information is used to determine the candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in one or more candidate quantization sequences, and the parameter interval corresponding to each candidate parameter value in one or more candidate parameter values, the i-th response signal is one of the multiple response signals, and i is an integer; the second device generates the i-th second quantization sequence based on the i-th received quantization sequence of each type, wherein the i-th second quantization sequence is one of the multiple second quantization sequences. It should be noted that the aforementioned parameter interval may also be referred to as a quantization interval, a quantization parameter interval, etc. in some possible examples. If there is no special explanation in the following text, the concepts of quantization interval, parameter interval, and quantization parameter interval are the same and will not be repeated. The reception parameter of the i-th response signal is measured by the second device. The reception parameter of the i-th response signal includes at least one of the following: the reception amplitude of the i-th response signal, the reception phase of the i-th response signal, and the RSSI of the i-th response signal. The second device determines the i-th received quantization sequence of each type of one or more types based on the received parameters of the i-th response signal and the second quantization information, including at least one of the following: the second device determines the i-th received quantization sequence of the amplitude type based on the received amplitude of the i-th response signal and the second amplitude quantization information; the second device determines the i-th received quantization sequence of the phase type based on the received phase of the i-th response signal and the second phase quantization information; the second device determines the i-th received quantization sequence of the RSSI type based on the RSSI of the i-th response signal and the second RSSI quantization information. Here, the second quantization information may be predefined. The second quantization information may be included in a quantization scheme, and the quantization scheme may be predefined. The quantization scheme may be obtained in advance by both the first device and the second device. This embodiment does not limit the manner in which the first device and the second device predefine, presave, or preconfigure the aforementioned quantization scheme, and as long as the first device and the second device use the same quantization scheme, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment. In combination with the aforementioned embodiment, the quantization scheme may include first quantization information, each candidate type in the aforementioned multiple candidate types and its corresponding multiple candidate quantization sequences, and second quantization information. For the first device, the quantization scheme may be pre-saved in the first device, or pre-configured in the first device, etc. Preferably, the first device may only save the first quantization information in the quantization scheme, each candidate type in the aforementioned multiple candidate types and its corresponding multiple candidate quantization sequences; for the second device, the quantization scheme may be pre-saved in the second device, or pre-configured in the second device, etc. Preferably, the second device may only save the second quantization information in the quantization scheme, each candidate type in the aforementioned multiple candidate types and its corresponding multiple candidate quantization sequences. In addition, it should be pointed out that all the contents of the aforementioned quantization scheme may also be preset in both the first device and the second device at the same time, and the quantization scheme is constructed based on the receiving state of the second device. Optionally, the second quantization information may include a quantization relationship table, the quantization relationship table including: a candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in a plurality of candidate quantization sequences, and a parameter interval corresponding to each candidate parameter value in a plurality of candidate parameter values. Here, the candidate parameter value corresponding to each parameter interval may be the median of the candidate parameter interval. Optionally, the second quantization information may include a second quantization calculation method, the input of the second quantization calculation method may include any one receiving parameter, and the output may include a candidate quantization sequence corresponding to the any one receiving parameter. Here, taking the receiving parameter as the receiving amplitude as an example, the second quantization calculation method may be represented by a calculation formula, such as in, is the mth receiving parameter (m is an integer), argmin represents the variable value when the objective function takes the minimum value, its variable is q, and the objective function is The objective function represents the difference between the variable q and the mth received parameter, Q k represents the quantized reference set of the target second device, q∈Q k Denotes variable q as set Q k The function f() is an index classifier, that is, the index of the parameter interval corresponding to the input receiving parameter can be obtained through the function f. The function g() is a Gray code encoder, and its output is a quantization sequence. In this example, its output is an amplitude type receiving quantization sequence. Alternatively, the second quantization calculation method includes an index determination calculation method and a quantization calculation method, wherein the input of the index determination calculation method may include any received parameter, and the output may be the index of the parameter interval corresponding to the received parameter. For example, in the case of the amplitude type, the index determination calculation method may use the aforementioned function The content is the same as the previous example and will not be repeated. The input of the quantization calculation method may be an index of a parameter interval, and the output may include a candidate quantization sequence corresponding to the candidate parameter value. For example, in the case of the amplitude type, the quantization calculation method may use the previous function g() and will not be repeated. Furthermore, the aforementioned quantization scheme may include different quantization schemes corresponding to different candidate types, and specific quantization schemes may include: phase quantization scheme, amplitude quantization scheme, RSSI quantization scheme. The second quantization information also includes second phase quantization information, second amplitude quantization information, and second RSSI quantization information. The aforementioned candidate amplitude type and its corresponding candidate quantization sequence, and the second amplitude quantization information are stored under the amplitude quantization scheme, the aforementioned candidate phase type and its corresponding candidate quantization sequence, and the second phase quantization information are stored under the amplitude quantization scheme, and the aforementioned candidate RSSI type and its corresponding candidate quantization sequence, and the second RSSI quantization information are stored under the RSSI quantization scheme. The contents of the second phase quantization information, the second amplitude quantization information, and the second RSSI quantization information are similar to those of the aforementioned second quantization information example, except that the type is added. For example, the second amplitude quantization information may include an amplitude quantization relationship table, specifically including a candidate amplitude value corresponding to each candidate amplitude quantization sequence in a plurality of candidate amplitude quantization sequences, and a parameter interval corresponding to each candidate amplitude value in a plurality of candidate amplitude values. Alternatively, the second amplitude quantization information includes a second amplitude quantization calculation method, whose input is the received amplitude and whose output is a candidate quantization sequence of amplitude type. The contents of the second phase quantization information and the second RSSI quantization information are similar to those of the aforementioned second amplitude quantization information, except that the type is different, so they will not be repeated. Taking the received amplitude of the i-th response signal and the second amplitude quantization information as an example, the second device determines the i-th received quantization sequence of the amplitude type based on the received amplitude of the i-th response signal and the second amplitude quantization information, which may include: the second The device determines an i-th target amplitude interval corresponding to the received amplitude of the i-th response signal based on multiple amplitude intervals in the second amplitude quantization information, determines a target amplitude value corresponding to the i-th target amplitude interval based on a candidate parameter value corresponding to each amplitude interval in the second amplitude quantization information, and determines an i-th received quantization sequence of the amplitude type corresponding to the target amplitude value based on a candidate quantization sequence corresponding to each candidate amplitude value in the second amplitude quantization information. Alternatively, the second device determines the i-th received quantization sequence of the amplitude type based on the received amplitude of the i-th response signal and the second amplitude quantization information, which may include: the second device inputs the received amplitude of the i-th response signal into the second amplitude quantization calculation method in the second amplitude quantization information, and obtains the i-th received quantization sequence of the amplitude type output by the second amplitude quantization calculation method. Regarding the second device determining the i-th received quantization sequence of the phase type based on the received phase and the second phase quantization information of the i-th response signal, the second device determines the processing of the i-th received quantization sequence of the RSSI type based on the RSSI and the second RSSI quantization information in the received parameters of the i-th response signal. The processing is similar to the aforementioned amplitude type processing and will not be repeated. The second device generates the i-th second quantization sequence based on the i-th received quantization sequence of each type, which may include: when the i-th response signal corresponds to the i-th received quantization sequence of only one type, the second device uses the i-th received quantization sequence of the type as the i-th second quantization sequence; when the i-th response signal corresponds to the i-th received quantization sequence of each type of multiple types, the second device generates the i-th second quantization sequence based on the i-th received quantization sequence of each type. The second device generates the i-th second quantization sequence based on the i-th received quantization sequence of each type, which may include one of the following: the second device splices the i-th received quantization sequence of each type based on a first specified order to obtain the i-th second quantization sequence; the second device calculates the i-th received quantization sequence of each type based on a third method to obtain the i-th second quantization sequence. The description of the first designated sequence and the third format is the same as that of the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated herein. The above is only an explanation based on the example of the second device generating or obtaining the second quantization sequence at any one time. In actual processing, the second device finally needs to obtain multiple second quantization sequences, and the generation method of each second quantization sequence or the type of the corresponding received quantization sequence can be the same or different. The second device receives any response signal, and when determining the type of the received quantization sequence, it can match the method in which the first device determines the type corresponding to the first quantization sequence mentioned in the above embodiment. For example, the first device and the second device are both defaulted or pre-configured, and the quantization sequences (first quantization sequence or second quantization sequence) corresponding to all response signals use the same one or more types. Alternatively, each response signal in the multiple response signals may have a first corresponding relationship with the type used to generate the quantization sequence, and the first corresponding relationship is used by the first device to determine the type of the initial quantization sequence used to generate the first quantization sequence corresponding to each response signal, and the first corresponding relationship is used by the second device to determine the type of the received quantization sequence used to generate the second quantization sequence corresponding to each response signal. The relevant description of the above content has been detailed in the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that although the second device may only need to perform one or more types of quantization processing for a certain response information, the second device can measure all the contents of the received amplitude, received phase and RSSI of the response signal, but may not use all the measurement results for quantization processing. Alternatively, the second device may only measure the part of the measurement result of the type that needs to be used this time. For example, when the second device generates the i-th second quantization sequence based on the i-th response signal, it can be determined based on the above method that only the received quantization sequence of the amplitude type needs to be obtained, then the second device can only measure the received amplitude of the i-th response signal. All possible situations are not enumerated here. In some embodiments, the second device may use the same type of received quantization sequence each time to generate each second quantization sequence. For example, the second device uses the amplitude type received quantization sequence as the second quantization sequence each time; or, the second device uses the phase type received quantization sequence as the second quantization sequence each time; or, each time, the amplitude type received quantization sequence and the phase type received quantization sequence are used to generate the second quantization sequence. That is, the second device uses the same type of received quantization sequence each time and uses the same processing method to obtain the second quantization sequence, and finally obtains multiple second quantization sequences, and all possibilities are not enumerated here. It should be understood that the second device and the first device should use the same type rule to generate the first quantization sequence and the corresponding second quantization sequence. In some embodiments, the second device can determine one or more types of received quantization sequences to be obtained for the i-th time based on the first corresponding relationship, and calculate the i-th received quantization sequence of each of the one or more types; determine a generation method for the i-th second quantization sequence, and use the generation method to generate the i-th second quantization sequence based on the i-th received quantization sequence of each type. In some possible implementations, the multiple response signals are sent in one or more groups. This implementation is particularly suitable for a scenario in which the first device has multiple antennas. In this embodiment, each group of response signals includes one or more response signals, and different groups of response signals occupy different time domain ranges, and different response signals in the one or more response signals correspond to different antennas. That is, the number of response signals included in any group of response signals can be less than or equal to the number of antennas. The first device determines the multiple sets of transmission parameters based on the multiple sets of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficients, including: the first device The device is prepared to calculate multiple sub-RF coefficients based on the RF coefficients, wherein the first device has multiple antennas, and different sub-RF coefficients among the multiple sub-RF coefficients correspond to different antennas of the first device; the first device determines multiple groups of sending parameters corresponding to each group of response signals in a plurality of groups of response signals based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​and the multiple sub-RF coefficients, wherein each group of response signals includes one or more response signals, and different groups of response signals occupy different time domain ranges, and different response signals among the one or more response signals correspond to different antennas. In this embodiment, the calculation method of the RF coefficient is the same as that of the above embodiment. The first device calculating multiple sub-RF coefficients based on the RF coefficient may refer to: the first device calculating the sub-RF coefficient corresponding to each antenna in the multiple antennas based on the RF coefficient. For example, assuming that the first device has N antennas and the RF coefficient W R The calculation method of is the same as that of the above embodiment, and no repetitive description is given. For example, the RF coefficient can be expressed by the following formula: Correspondingly, the sub-RF coefficient corresponding to any antenna, such as the nth antenna, can be expressed as n is a positive integer, and n is less than or equal to N. In this embodiment, the sub-RF coefficient corresponding to each antenna is calculated or generated using the inverse of the channel estimation value corresponding to each antenna; accordingly, the role of each sub-RF coefficient may be to offset the channel characteristics corresponding to the antenna (such as to offset the transmission attenuation or transmission loss of the signal in the channel, etc.), thereby making the signal transmitted to the corresponding second device on the channel the same or substantially the same as the signal sent by the first device. All possible roles or functions of the RF coefficient are not exhaustively enumerated here. It should be understood that different response signals correspond to different antennas, and different antennas correspond to different sub-RF coefficients. Therefore, the sub-RF coefficient corresponding to the response signal mentioned below may refer to the sub-RF coefficient of the antenna corresponding to the response signal, which will not be repeated below. The first device determines multiple groups of sending parameters corresponding to each group of response signals in a plurality of groups of response signals based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​and the multiple sub-RF coefficients, including: the first device determines the jth group of sending parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​corresponding to the jth group of response signals and the sub-RF coefficients corresponding to each response signal in the jth group of response signals, wherein the jth group of response signals is one of the multiple groups of response signals, and j is an integer. The first device determines the jth group of sending parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals based on multiple groups of parameter values ​​corresponding to the jth group of response signals and sub-RF coefficients corresponding to each response signal in the jth group of response signals, which may include: the first device determines the nth group of sending parameters in the jth group of sending parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals based on a group of parameter values ​​corresponding to the nth response signal in the jth group of response signals and the sub-RF coefficients corresponding to the nth response signal. The first device determines the nth group of transmission parameters in the jth group of transmission parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals based on a group of parameter values ​​corresponding to the nth response signal in the jth group of response signals and the sub-RF coefficients corresponding to the nth response signal, which may include: the first device determines the nth group of expected parameters based on a group of parameter values ​​corresponding to the nth response signal in the jth group of response signals, and the first device uses the nth group of expected parameters and the sub-RF coefficients corresponding to the nth response signal as the nth group of transmission parameters in the jth group of transmission parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals. The method for determining the aforementioned nth group of predicted parameters is the same as the method for the first device to determine the i-th group of predicted parameters in the scheme using radio frequency coefficients in the aforementioned embodiment, and will not be repeated. The first device sends multiple response signals to the second device based on the multiple groups of transmission parameters, including: the first device sends the jth group of response signals to the second device based on the jth group of transmission parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals. Specifically, the first device sends the jth group of response signals to the second device based on the jth group of transmission parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals, which may refer to: different antennas among the N antennas of the first device send each response signal in the jth group of response signals to the second device based on the transmission parameters corresponding to different response signals in the jth group of response signals. In other words, if the first device wants to send M response signals, it can send them M / N times in total, sending a group of response signals each time, and a group of response signals may include N response signals, M may be greater than N, and M is a positive integer. For example, assuming that the nth response signal is a third pilot signal (X n =diag(x 1n ,…,x Ln )), then the sub-RF coefficient W is used R,n The nth response signal sent can be expressed as: The nth response signal X R,n It may be a response signal after the transmission phase and / or transmission power processing, which is not illustrated in the formula for the sake of simplicity. Among them, different response signals in the j-th group of response signals are different third pilot signals. The different third pilot signals can be It is calculated based on the first pilot key and different generation parameters. The different generation parameters corresponding to different third pilot signals can be preset by both the first device and the second device, that is, both the first device and the third device can know in advance which response signal is generated using which generation parameter. Alternatively, each third pilot signal can be preset by both the first device and the second device, as long as different response signals correspond to different third pilot signals, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment. In this case, the second device receives multiple response signals from the first device, including: the second device receives multiple groups of response signals from the first device, wherein each group of response signals in the multiple groups of response signals includes one or more response signals, and different groups of response signals occupy different time domain ranges. That is, the second device will receive a group of response signals at a time, and this group of response signals can be distinguished by different third pilot signals. For example, the second device receives N response signals at a time, and the nth response signal is represented by y T,n =H′ 1R,T W 1R *X R,n =X R,n. Through this processing, the losses of each response signal received by the second device on each channel have been offset by the sub-RF coefficients used by the first device. Therefore, the second device can directly measure at least one of the receiving phase, receiving amplitude, and RSSI for each response signal, and can use different pilot signals to distinguish different response signals, and then perform the subsequent processing of generating multiple second quantization sequences and generating a second key. The processing of the second device generating multiple second quantization sequences and generating a second key is the same as the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated. By adopting the above method, the second device can reduce the number of receptions, because N second quantization sequences can be obtained in one reception, so the efficiency of generating keys can be higher. In some possible implementations, after the second device generates the second key, it may also include: the second device calculates a first verification code based on the second key; the second device sends a key confirmation request message to the first device, wherein the key confirmation request message carries the first verification code, and the first verification code is used by the first device to verify key consistency. The second key generated by the second device and the first key generated by the first device can be the physical layer keys between the two devices. Since the two devices generate their own physical layer keys respectively, key consistency verification (or key consistency check) needs to be performed to ensure that the two devices subsequently use a consistent physical layer key as the key for communication. In one embodiment, the second device calculates the first verification code based on the second key, which may mean that the second device calculates the first verification code based on the second key and a fourth parameter using a fourth method. Among them, the fourth method may include at least one of the following: KDF (Key derivation function), a key derivation function, a first authentication function (for example, it can be expressed as f1), a second authentication function (for example, it can be expressed as f2), a third key generation function (for example, it can be expressed as f3), a fourth key generation function (for example, it can be expressed as f4), a fifth key generation function (for example, it can be expressed as f5), etc. The fourth parameter may include at least one of the following: a fourth random number, the length of the fourth random number, a second specified value, an identifier of the second device, and the length of the identifier of the second device. Among them, the second specified value may be set according to actual conditions. The second specified value may be a fixed value (or a second fixed value) assigned by a third party. Exemplarily, the second specified value may be expressed as FC, and its value may be FC=0x7E. This is only an exemplary description. In actual processing, the specific value of the second specified value may also be other values, but they are not exhaustive here. The fourth random number may be predefined, determined by the first device, or indicated by the second device. If the fourth random number is predefined, the first device and the second device need to predefine the same fourth random number. If the fourth random number is determined by the first device, the first device may also send the fourth random number to the second device. The present embodiment does not limit the timing of the first device sending the fourth random number or carrying a message. As long as it is before the second device calculates the first check code, it is within the protection scope of the present embodiment. If the fourth random number is indicated by the second device, the second device may also send the fourth random number to the first device. This embodiment does not limit the timing of when the second device sends the fourth random number or carries a message, as long as it is before the first device verifies the first verification code, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment. In some possible embodiments, the key confirmation request message also carries ciphertext data; the second device calculates a first verification code based on the second key, including: the second device calculates the first verification code and the ciphertext data based on the second key and plaintext data. Here, the second device calculates the first check code and the ciphertext data based on the second key and the plaintext data, which may mean that the second device calculates the first check code and the ciphertext data based on the second key and the plaintext data using the fifth method. Among them, the fifth method can be a specified encryption calculation method, for example, the fifth method can be an ASCON algorithm, or an ASCON-authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD) algorithm. Taking the ASCON-AEAD algorithm as an example, the ASCON-AEAD algorithm includes two parts, encryption and decryption. The processes and structures of the two parts are the same, and the only difference is that the input and output of the plaintext and the ciphertext are opposite. The fifth method in this embodiment can be specifically the encryption part in the ASCON-AEAD algorithm, that is, the second device uses the encryption part in the ASCON-AEAD algorithm based on the second key and the plaintext data to calculate the ciphertext data and the first check code. Exemplarily, the ciphertext data can be represented as C, and the first check code can be represented as T. In this example, T represents an authentication tag. The plaintext data may refer to business data. Exemplarily, the second device adopts the fifth method to calculate the first check code and the ciphertext data based on the second key and plaintext data, which may include: the second device adopts the fifth method to calculate the first check code and the ciphertext data based on the second key, plaintext data, and a fifth parameter. The fifth parameter may include at least one of the following: an identifier of the first device, an identifier of the second device, a service type indicator, an identifier of the first network device, a fourth random number, a serial number, and the shared key. If at least one of the identifier of the first device, the identifier of the second device, the service type indicator, and the identifier of the first network device is added to the fifth parameter, the first check code can also be used by the first device to authenticate the second device; if at least one of the fourth random number, the serial number, and the shared key is added to the fifth parameter, it can also be used to prevent replay. In some possible implementations, the processing of the first device may also include: the first device receives a key confirmation request message from the second device, wherein the key confirmation request message carries a first verification code, and the first verification code is calculated by the second device based on the second key; the first device verifies the key consistency based on the first key and the first verification code. In some embodiments, the first device verifies key consistency based on the first key and the first verification code, which may include: the first device calculates a second verification code based on the first key; the first device verifies key consistency based on the second verification code and the first verification code. Optionally, the first device calculating the second verification code based on the first key may include: the first device calculating the second verification code based on the first key and a fourth parameter using a fourth method. The description of the fourth method and the fourth parameter is the same as that of the aforementioned embodiment, and the specific description of the method of calculating the second verification code based on the first key and the fourth parameter using the fourth method is the same as the specific description of the second device calculating the first verification code based on the second key and the fourth parameter using the fourth method, and will not be repeated here. Optionally, the key confirmation request message also carries ciphertext data; the first device calculates a second verification code based on the first key, including: the first device calculates a second verification code and plaintext data based on the first key, the ciphertext data and the first verification code. Among them, the first device calculates the second check code and the plaintext data based on the first key, the ciphertext data and the first check code, which may include: the first device uses the fifth method to calculate the second check code and the plaintext data based on the first key, the ciphertext data and the first check code. The fifth method can be a specified encryption calculation method, for example, the fifth method can be an ASCON algorithm or an ASCON-AEAD algorithm. Taking the ASCON-AEAD algorithm as an example, the ASCON-AEAD algorithm includes two parts, encryption and decryption. The processes and structures of the two parts are the same, and the only difference is that the input and output of the plaintext and the ciphertext are opposite. The fifth method in this embodiment can be specifically the decryption part in the ASCON-AEAD algorithm, that is, the first device uses the decryption part in the ASCON-AEAD algorithm based on the first key, the ciphertext data and the first check code to calculate the second check code and the plaintext data. Exemplarily, the ciphertext data can be represented as C, the first check code can be represented as T, and the second check code can be represented as T'. Exemplarily, the first device adopts a fifth method to calculate the second check code and the plaintext data based on the first key, the ciphertext data and the first check code, which may include: the first device adopts a fifth method to calculate the second check code and the plaintext data based on the first key, the ciphertext data, the first check code and a fifth parameter. The description of the fifth parameter is the same as that of the above embodiment and is not repeated here. The first device verifies the key consistency based on the second verification code and the first verification code, which may include one of the following: the first device determines that the key consistency verification is successful when the second verification code is the same as the first verification code; the first device determines that the key consistency verification fails when the second verification code is different from the first verification code. Here, the key consistency verification success or failure refers to the first device determining that the consistency verification of the first key generated by itself and the second key generated by the second device is successful or recognized. It should also be noted that in the aforementioned process, when the first device determines that the key consistency verification is successful, it may also include: the first device sends a key confirmation response message to the second device. Correspondingly, the second device may also receive a key confirmation response message from the first device. The key confirmation response message may carry business data. Optionally, the key confirmation response message may carry encrypted business data. The encrypted business data may be encrypted based on the first key; or, the encrypted business data may also be encrypted based on an encryption key derived from the first key. This embodiment does not limit the manner in which the encryption key is derived from the first key. After receiving the key confirmation response message, the second device can obtain the encrypted business data. The second device can decrypt the encrypted business data based on the second key to obtain the business data; or the second device can decrypt the encrypted business data based on the encryption key derived from the second key to obtain the business data. In some possible implementations, the processing of the first device may also include: the first device sends a pilot key update message to the second device; the first device receives a pilot key update response message from the second device, and the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update the second pilot key. The first device sending a pilot key update message to the second device may specifically include: determining at the first device that the keys are consistent When the identity verification is successful, the first device sends a pilot key update message to the second device. The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the method also includes: the first device calculates a second pilot key based on a third key and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; the third key includes one of the following: the first key and the first pilot key. The second random number may be generated by the first device. This embodiment does not limit the generation method of the second random number. In this embodiment, since the first pilot key is shared by the first device and the second device, and the first device will send the aforementioned pilot key update message only when the key consistency verification is successful, the first key and the second key are the same or are paired keys of each other. Therefore, the first device can use the first key to calculate the updated second pilot key, or use the first pilot key to calculate the updated second pilot key. The method for generating the serial number is not limited in this embodiment. As long as the first device and the second device use the same serial number when calculating the second pilot key this time, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment. The first specified value may be set according to actual conditions. The first specified value may be a fixed value (or a first fixed value) assigned by a third party. The first specified value may be the same as or different from the aforementioned second specified value. For example, the first specified value may be expressed as FC, and its value may be FC=0x7E. This is only an exemplary description. In actual processing, the specific value of the first specified value may also be other values, but they are not exhaustively listed here. Among them, the calculation method used to calculate the second pilot key may include at least one of the following: KDF, a first authentication function (for example, it can be expressed as f1), a second authentication function (for example, it can be expressed as f2), a third key generation function (for example, it can be expressed as f3), a fourth key generation function (for example, it can be expressed as f4), a fifth key generation function (for example, it can be expressed as f5), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), SNOW 3G (Snow Third Generation, the third generation of mobile communication snow), ZUC (ZUChongzhi, Zu Chongzhi), XOR calculation, direct connection calculation, etc. The first device calculates the processing timing of the second pilot key based on the third key and the second parameter, which may be after the first device receives the pilot key update response message from the second device, or after the first device sends a pilot key update message to the second device. This embodiment does not limit or exhaustively list them. Correspondingly, in the processing of the second device, the method also includes: the second device receives a pilot key update message; the second device calculates a second pilot key; the second device sends a pilot key update response message, and the pilot key update response message is used to indicate that the second device updates and obtains the second pilot key. The second device receiving the pilot key update message may refer to: the second device receiving the pilot key update message from the first device; the second device sending the pilot key update response message may refer to: the second device sending the pilot key update response message to the first device. The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the second device calculates the second pilot key, including: the second device calculates the second pilot key based on a fourth key and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; the fourth key includes one of the following: the second key and the first pilot key. The calculation method used by the second device to calculate the second pilot key should be the same as the method used by the first device to calculate the second pilot key, and no repeated explanation is given. After completing the above processing, the first device and the second device both obtain the updated second pilot key. Both parties can use the updated second pilot key as the new first pilot key, and then perform the above processing again based on the new first pilot key to generate a new first key and a new second key, thereby realizing the key update of the first device and the second device, which will not be repeated here. In some possible implementations, the first device, the second device, and the first network device jointly implement the key generation method provided in this embodiment. In this implementation, the first device may receive the first pilot key from the first network device. Accordingly, the processing of the first network device may include: sending the first pilot key to the first device. The manner in which the first network device generates the first pilot key may include: the first network device calculates the first pilot key based on a shared key, wherein the shared key is shared by the first network device and the second device. The first network device calculates the first pilot key based on the shared key, which may mean that the first network device calculates the first pilot key based on the shared key and the seventh parameter using a seventh method. The seventh method may include at least one of the following: KDF, a third key generation function, a fourth key generation function, a fifth key generation function, etc., which are not exhaustively listed here. The shared key may include any one of the following: a root key, an IK (integrity key), a CK (encryption key), an AK (anonymity key), a KAUSF (a key in an AUSF), a KSEAF (a key in a SEAF), etc. The seventh parameter may include at least one of the following: an identifier of the second device, a length of an identifier of the second device, a fifth random number, a length of a fifth random number, a fixed value, an identifier of the first device, a length of an identifier of the first device, an identifier of the first network device, a length of an identifier of the first network device, etc., where All possible types of the seventh parameter are not exhaustively listed. The method for obtaining the fifth random number is not limited in this embodiment, as long as the first network device and the second device can both obtain the same fifth random number, they are within the protection scope of this embodiment. The processing of the first network device may also include: the first network device sends first quantization information to the first device, wherein the first quantization information is used to determine a candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in one or more candidate quantization sequences, and a parameter interval corresponding to each candidate parameter value in one or more candidate parameter values. That is, the quantization scheme is pre-configured or pre-defined in the second device and the first network device. The first network device may send the quantization scheme to the first device when it is determined that the quantization scheme is not saved in the first device, so that the first device obtains the same quantization scheme as the second device. The description of the quantization scheme and the first quantization information is the same as that in the aforementioned embodiment, and will not be repeated. After the first device receives the first pilot key, the processing in the aforementioned embodiment can be performed, specifically: the first device sends a first message to the second device; correspondingly, the second device receives the first message from the first device. The description of the first message is the same as the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated. Then the second device sends the first pilot signal to the first device and other processing. It should be pointed out that in this embodiment, before sending the first pilot signal, the second device needs to derive the first pilot key based on the shared key. Specifically, the second device calculates the first pilot key based on the shared key, and the shared key is shared by the second device and the first network device. The way the second device calculates the first pilot key should be the same as the way the aforementioned first network device calculates the first pilot key, so that the second device and the first device use the same first pilot key. After the second device sends the first pilot signal, until the first device and the second device complete the key consistency check, the description is the same as that in the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here. In some embodiments, when the first device determines that the key consistency check is successful, the method may further include: the first device sends the first key to the first network device. Accordingly, in the processing of the first network device, the method further includes: the first network device receives the first key sent by the first device. In this way, the first network device can obtain the first key of the first device, so as to be used for subsequent mobility management, and the subsequent processing is not limited here. In some embodiments, when the first device determines that the key consistency verification is successful, the first device and the second device may also perform pilot key update processing, and the specific processing method is the same as the above embodiment and will not be repeated. In some embodiments, after the first device sends the first key to the first network device, the first network device may trigger a process of updating the pilot key. In the processing of the first network device, the method further includes: the first network device sends a pilot key update message; the first network device receives a pilot key update response message, and the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain the second pilot key. Correspondingly, the processing of the second device may also include: the second device receives the pilot key update message; the second device calculates the second pilot key; the second device sends a pilot key update response message, and the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain the second pilot key. In this embodiment, the first network device sending a pilot key update message may be the first network device sending a pilot key update message to the second device; the second device receiving a pilot key update message means that the second device receives a pilot key update message sent by the first network device. Similarly, the first network device receiving a pilot key update response message means that the first network device receives a pilot key update response message from the second device; the second device sending a pilot key update response message means that the second device sends a pilot key update response message to the first network device. The manner in which the second device calculates the second pilot key is the same as that in the foregoing embodiment and will not be described repeatedly. In this embodiment, the processing of the first network device may include: the first network device calculates the second pilot key based on the third key and the second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the sequence number, the length of the sequence number, and the first specified value, and the third key includes one of the following: the first key and the first pilot key. The specific description of the first network device calculating the second pilot key is the same as that in the above embodiment and is not repeated here. Further, after calculating the second pilot key, the first network device may use the second pilot key as a new first pilot key, and then send the new first pilot key to the first device, and repeat the above process, which will not be described in detail. In conjunction with FIG5, the system composition architecture including only the first device and the second device is exemplified. In FIG5, the first device is a reader and the second device is a tag. The reader sends a sinusoidal continuous waveform (CW) to power the tag, and the tag collects and stores energy. After a period of time, when the collected energy meets the working threshold, the tag sends the information signal to the reader through an active transmitter. At this time, there is an illegal user (the eavesdropper in FIG5, which can be represented as Eve), who may eavesdrop on the key generation process of the reader and the tag, and conduct man-in-the-middle forwarding and other attacks. Assume that h R,T ,h T,R ,h R,E ,h T,E are the small-scale channel fading coefficients from Reader to Tag, Tag to Reader, Reader to Eve, and Tag to Eve, respectively. Assuming that the wireless channel satisfies reciprocity, within the coherence time h R,T =h T,R . The pilot signal sent by the reader is x R , the signal received by the tag is The signal Eve receives is Among them, P R is the transmission power of the Reader, PL R,T and PL R,E is large-scale fading, n T for Gaussian noise on the tag side, n E is the Gaussian noise on the eavesdropper side. Therefore, y R,T and R,E is a complex Gaussian random variable that can be expressed as A+Bi, and its amplitude is Phase is In conjunction with FIG6 , taking the first device as a reader and the second device as a tag as an example, an exemplary description of the key generation method provided in the above embodiment is given: Step 600: The Reader and the Tag are pre-configured with the same root key K and quantization scheme; Here, the quantization scheme is a multi-bit quantization scheme, that is, the number of bits of each quantization sequence is multiple bits. The quantization scheme may include at least one of an amplitude quantization scheme, a phase quantization scheme, and an RSSI quantization scheme. This example mainly adopts an amplitude quantization scheme. Therefore, taking the RSS (representing the amplitude) measured at the tag end as an example, the generation or construction method of the amplitude quantization scheme is exemplified: Assume that the reader transmission power range is ( Indicates the minimum transmit power, Indicates the maximum transmission power), the received power of the tag (from the reader signal) is in the range of in, Indicates the minimum received power, represents the maximum received power. The received signal power and the transmitted signal power satisfy the signal propagation attenuation formula. Consider a b (b is an integer greater than or equal to 2) bit quantization scheme, and the quantization interval Q k ={q1,q2,…,q k |, where k = 2 b , Q k The k elements (i.e., k q values) in are equally spaced, and the value of each element q is the median of each quantization interval. is the quantization interval Q k That is, each measurement value of the tag can find the corresponding quantization interval. Therefore, for the actual amplitude measurement value of the tag end Tag selection and The quantized value with the smallest absolute value of the difference, that is Define an index classifier f(q k )=k, and its input is the sample value The output is the quantization region index to which the sample value belongs. Then define g{x| as a Gray code encoder, whose input is the classifier f(q k ) output k, the output is the Gray code corresponding to the integer k, the Gray code can be used as a quantization sequence, so the quantization sequence of Tag can be calculated using the following formula Assume b = 4, m = 32, KeyLen = 128, quantization scheme Q k ={q1,q1,…,q k|As shown in FIG7 , the horizontal axis in FIG7 represents the candidate quantization reference value, the leftmost point 701 of the horizontal axis represents the minimum received power, and the last point 704 of the horizontal axis represents the maximum received power. Assuming that 701-702 represent the first amplitude interval, and 702-703 represent the second amplitude interval, it can be seen that the first interval and the second interval have the same size, that is, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the two intervals is the same, and other intervals are not described in detail; q1 is the middle value of the first amplitude interval, and q1 is the first candidate amplitude value, and so on, q2-q 16 They are the 2nd to 16th candidate amplitude values, and are also the middle values ​​of their respective intervals. As shown in FIG7 , the intervals between any adjacent candidate amplitude values ​​are the same; each candidate amplitude value can correspond to a candidate quantization sequence, for example, q1 corresponds to the candidate quantization sequence

[0000] 2,

[0000] 2The set of bit values ​​used to represent binary is 0000. The above describes the construction or derivation process of the amplitude quantization scheme. The contents of the amplitude quantization scheme preset on the reader and tag sides may be described in detail in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Step 601: Reader sends a key generation request message 1 to Tag. The key generation request message 1 is the first message in the above embodiment. Step 602: After receiving the key generation request, the Tag randomly sends a private pilot signal x T The private pilot signal is the first pilot signal in the aforementioned embodiment. Among them, the private pilot signal x T It can be a pseudo-random number generated based on the first pilot key (such as the root key K in the above embodiment), for example, x T =PRNG(K,P), where PRNG is a pseudo-random number generator, and P is an input parameter, such as a random number and its length, a first timestamp, a Tag ID and its length, a first count value, etc.; it can also be a hash generated based on the first pilot key K, such as x T = Hash(K,P); it can also be a lightweight MAC algorithm, such as x T =MAC(K,P). Step 603: The reader generates a private pilot x on the reader side using the first pilot key K R , for the received private pilot signal x T Perform channel estimation to obtain the channel estimation value h′ between Tag and Reader R,T ; Among them, the private pilot signal on the reader side is the fourth pilot signal in the aforementioned embodiment. The private pilot signal x on the Reader side in this stepR The generation method is the same as the private guide generation method on the tag side; the reader can use least squares, minimum mean square error and other methods for channel estimation, which are not limited in this example. Step 604: Reader randomly selects M quantization sequences according to the quantization scheme and splices them into a pair key Ks for both parties; where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the pair key Ks generated by the reader is the first key in the above-mentioned embodiment. In this example, the M quantization sequences selected are M initial quantization sequences under the amplitude type, and the M initial quantization sequences are directly used as M first quantization sequences, and spliced ​​to obtain the first key (i.e., Ks). Step 605: Based on the channel estimation value and the selected quantization sequence, the reader calculates the transmission power of the required M response signals to ensure that the tag receives the same (specified) amplitude. The transmission power in this embodiment is similar to the transmission power concept of the previous embodiment. same. Here, the transmission power calculation method of any response signal, such as the mth response signal (m is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M): When the quantization value (amplitude value) corresponding to the initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type selected by the Reader is q k When the amplitude of the mth received signal of Tag (or the expected received amplitude) is When Step 606: During the coherence time, the Reader sends M private pilot signals x to the Tag at the transmit power calculated above. R As M response signals, the value of M is related to the length of the first key (and the second key), for example, if the length of the first key is 128 and the number of quantization bits is 4 bits, then M is equal to 32 (ie, 128 / 4=32). Step 607: Tag measures the receiving amplitudes of the M received response signals, and generates a key pair Ks' using the configured amplitude quantization scheme; wherein the key pair Ks' generated by Tag is the second key in the aforementioned embodiment. Step 608: Tag uses the generated key pair to send a key confirmation request message to Reader; the message can be a MAC message generated based on Ks (i.e., a message carrying the first verification code), and the input parameters include the key pair Ks', Tag ID, the length of the Tag ID, the random number R, the length of the random number R, and a fixed value assigned by a third party such as FC=0x7E and other parameters; the message can also be a message generated using the ASCON-AEAD algorithm, and the input parameters of the algorithm include Ks' and business data data, and the ciphertext C and authentication information T (the authentication information is the first verification code) are output and sent to the Reader. Step 609: Reader uses the key Ks generated by itself to perform a key consistency check on the key confirmation request message sent by the Tag to determine whether the keys of both parties are consistent. If the verification fails, a key generation failure message is sent and the key generation request command is re-executed, that is, returning to step 601; if the verification is consistent, step 610 is executed. Note: If the message received by the Reader is a MAC message, the Reader uses its own key Ks to calculate the MAC value and verify the integrity of the message; if the message received by the Reader is an ASCON message, the Reader uses Ks, ciphertext C, and authentication information T as input based on the Ascon-AEAD algorithm, and outputs plaintext business data data and verification information T'. Step 610: The Reader sends a key confirmation response message to the Tag; the message may be an encrypted message after the SMC is completed, such as an encrypted message generated based on Ks Where data is the data to be sent. In the example of FIG. 6 above, the amplitude quantization scheme may also be replaced by an RSSI quantization scheme. The related processing using the RSSI quantization scheme is the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be described repeatedly. In conjunction with FIG8 , taking the first device as a reader and the second device as a tag as an example, another exemplary description of the key generation method provided in the above embodiment is given: Step 800: Reader and Tag pre-configure root key K and quantization scheme; Note: The quantization scheme is a multi-bit quantization scheme. The quantization scheme is described by taking the phase measured at the tag end as an example. Taking the phase measured at the tag end as an example, the process of deriving or generating the phase quantization scheme is illustrated as follows: The main difference between the phase-based quantization scheme and the amplitude-based quantization scheme is that the quantization interval of the amplitude-based quantization scheme is the received power interval of the tag. The quantization interval of the phase-based quantization scheme is 0 to 360 degrees. Assuming b = 4, m = 32, KeyLen = 128, the phase quantization scheme Q k ={q1,q1,…,q k The quantization process of | is shown in FIG9 . In FIG9 , the phase interval is divided into 16 intervals with each interval being 22.5 degrees, for example, 0 to 22.5 degrees is a phase interval. In FIG9 , for the sake of simplicity, the median q of any phase interval is not illustrated, and only the candidate quantization sequences corresponding to each phase interval are illustrated, for example, 0 to 22.5 degrees corresponds to the candidate quantization sequence 0000. The above describes the process of constructing or deriving the phase quantization scheme. The contents that may be included in the phase quantization scheme preset on the reader and tag sides have been provided in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be repeated here. Steps 801 to 803 are the same as steps 601 to 603 in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be described repeatedly. Step 804: Reader randomly selects M quantization sequences according to the phase quantization scheme, and splices them into a mutual key Ks. In this example, the selected M quantization sequences are M initial quantization sequences under the phase type, and the M initial quantization sequences are directly used as M first quantization sequences, and spliced ​​to obtain the first key (i.e., Ks). Step 805: Based on the channel estimation value and the selected quantization sequence, the Reader calculates the required transmission phases of the M response signals to ensure that the Tag receives the same (specified) phase. Here, the calculation method of the sending phase of any response signal, such as the mth response signal, is: when the quantization value (i.e., phase value) corresponding to the initial quantization sequence of the phase type selected by the Reader is When the phase of the mth received signal of Tag (i.e. the expected received phase) is When in To estimate the phase of the channel, That is, the sending phase of the mth response signal. Step 806: During the coherence time, the Reader sends M private pilot signals x to the Tag with the above calculated phase. R As M response signals, the number m is related to the key length; Step 807: Tag measures the receiving phase of the m received response signals and generates the key Ks' using the configured phase quantization scheme (ie, the second key in the aforementioned embodiment). The description of steps 808 to 810 is the same as that of steps 608 to 610 in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated herein. In conjunction with FIG10 , taking the first device as a reader and the second device as a tag as an example, another exemplary description of the key generation method provided in the above embodiment is given. In this embodiment, the key is generated by combining amplitude and phase, wherein the tag measures the amplitude and phase of each response signal it receives, and generates a quantization sequence based on amplitude and a quantization sequence based on phase, respectively, and then splices them. Specifically: Step 1000: The Reader and the Tag preconfigure the same root key K and quantization scheme; here, the preconfigured quantization scheme includes a quantization scheme for amplitude and a quantization scheme for phase, that is, this example requires the preconfiguration of an amplitude quantization scheme and a phase quantization scheme. In addition, in some possible cases, the preconfigured quantization scheme may include a phase quantization scheme, an amplitude quantization scheme, an RSSI quantization scheme, etc., and the related processing of adding the RSSI quantization scheme is the same as the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated. Steps 1001 to 1003 are the same as steps 601 to 603 in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be described repeatedly. Step 1004: Reader randomly selects M quantization sequences according to the amplitude and phase quantization schemes, and splices them into a bilateral key Ks. In this example, the selected M quantization sequences include: M initial quantization sequences under the phase type and M initial quantization sequences under the amplitude type; the mth first quantization sequence is spliced ​​based on the mth initial quantization sequence under the phase type and the mth initial quantization sequence under the amplitude type, and so on to obtain M first quantization sequences, and splice them to obtain the first key (i.e., Ks). Step 1005: Based on the channel estimation value and the selected quantization sequence, the Reader calculates the transmission power and transmission phase of the required M response signals to ensure that the Tag receives the same (specified) RSS and phase. The specific calculation method is the same as that of the aforementioned step 605 and step 805, and will not be repeated. Step 1006: During the coherence time, the Reader sends M / 2 private pilot signals x to the Tag with the above-calculated transmission power and transmission phase. R As M / 2 response signal, the number M is related to the key length; Step 1007: Tag measures the received amplitude and phase of the M / 2 response signals received, and generates the key pair Ks' using the configured quantization scheme; in this step, Tag measures the amplitude and phase of each response signal received, and generates a quantization sequence based on amplitude and a quantization sequence based on phase, respectively, and then concatenates them to form the key pair Ks'. Ks' is the second key in the aforementioned embodiment. The description of steps 1008 to 1010 is the same as that of steps 608 to 610 in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated herein. In conjunction with FIG11 , taking the first device as a reader and the second device as a tag as an example, another exemplary description of the key generation method provided in the above embodiment is given: In this example, it is assumed that the Reader is a multi-antenna device (such as a base station) with N antennas, and the Tag is a single-antenna device. R,T ,H T,R ,H R,E ,H T,E are the small-scale channel fading coefficients (or channel estimates) from Reader to Tag, Tag to Reader, Reader to Eve (eavesdropper), and Tag to Eve, respectively. Assuming that the wireless channel satisfies reciprocity, within the coherence time H R,T =H T,R . Step 1100: The Reader and the Tag preconfigure a root key K and a quantization scheme; the quantization scheme may include at least one of a phase quantization scheme, an amplitude quantization scheme, an RSSI quantization scheme, and the like. Step 1101: Reader sends a key generation request to Tag. Step 1102: After receiving the key generation request, the Tag uses a single antenna to send a private pilot signal X with a length of L to the Reader. T =diag(x1,…,x L ). The private pilot signal X T The generation method of has been described in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. Step 1103: The reader generates a private pilot X on the reader side using the shared key K R =diag(x1,…,x L ), perform channel estimation on the received private pilot signal to obtain the channel estimation value between Tag and Reader The private pilot generation method on the Reader side is the same as that on the Tag side. In this step, the signal received by the Reader using multiple antennas is: R =[y1,…,y L ]N×L =H T,R X T +N R ,in: N is the number of Reader antennas, is the Gaussian noise on the reader side. 1104: Reader randomly selects M quantization sequences according to the quantization scheme and concatenates them into a mutual key Ks. The processing of this step may be the same as one of step 604, step 804, and step 1004 in the above-mentioned embodiment. 1105: Reader estimates the channel and the private pilot X R , construct the RF coefficient W corresponding to the response signal sent to the Tag R ; Step 1106: The reader sends a response signal using the calculated antenna weight coefficient; Step 1107: Tag receives the response signal X R As a key source, its CSI is measured and a quantization scheme is used to generate the pair key Ks'. The aforementioned response signal may be multiple. For simplicity, FIG. 11 only uses one step 1106 as an example, which does not mean that only one response signal must be sent. Taking sending multiple response signals as an example, any one response signal can be expressed as: When noise is not considered, in step 1107, the Tag receives any response signal is: y T =H′ R,T W R *X R =X R . The description of steps 1108 to 1110 is the same as that of steps 608 to 610 in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated herein. In conjunction with Figure 12, taking the first device as UE / base station, the second device as A-IoT, and the first network device as AF / NF as an example, another exemplary description of the key generation method provided in the above embodiment is given. In this example, A-IoT and AF / NF on the network side share the root key, and AF / NF sends the pilot key and quantization scheme to UE / base station through a key request response message. Specifically: Step 1200: The A-IoT device and the AF / NF are pre-configured with the same root key K and quantization scheme; Step 1201: AF / NF derives the first pilot key based on the root key K. The method of deriving the first pilot key is the same as that in the previous embodiment and will not be described in detail. Step 1202: The AF / NF sends a first pilot key and a quantization scheme to the UE / base station; Step 1203: The UE / base station sends a key generation request to the A-IoT device; Step 1204: The A-IoT device derives a first pilot key based on the root key K, and generates a private pilot based on the first pilot key; the private pilot generation method is the same as that in the above embodiment. Step 1205: The A-IoT device sends a private pilot to the UE / base station; Step 1206: The UE / base station calculates the private pilot based on the pilot key sent by the AF / NF, and performs channel estimation on the CSI of the uplink channel; the UE / base station randomly selects a quantization sequence based on the quantization scheme, and concatenates them to form a key Ks; the UE / base station calculates at least one of the transmit power, transmit phase, and antenna weight coefficient (i.e., RF coefficient) of the downlink pilot signal based on the selected quantization sequence; Step 1207: UE / base station sends a private pilot to A-IoT as a response signal. This step does not limit the number of response signals, and can be processed in any of the above examples, and no repeated description is given. Step 1208: A-IoT measures the CSI (amplitude and / or phase) of the received response signal and generates a key Ks' based on a quantization scheme; Step 1209: A-IoT sends a key confirmation request message to the UE / base station using the generated key pair Ks'. Step 1210: The UE / base station uses the key Ks generated by itself to perform consistency check on the key confirmation request message sent by the A-IoT device to determine whether the keys of both parties are consistent. If the verification fails, a key generation failure message is sent, and the key generation request command is re-executed, and the process returns to step 1203; if the verification is consistent, the process proceeds to the next step 1211a. Step 1211a: UE / base station sends a key confirmation response message to A-IoT; the message may be an encrypted message after completing SMC, such as an encrypted message generated based on Ks Where data is the data to be sent. Step 1211b: UE / base station sends the key Ks to AF / NF; Note: This step is indicated by a dotted line as an optional step and may not be performed. Step 1212a: A-IoT uses the generated key pair to update the pilot key for subsequent A-IoT generation of private pilots; updating the pilot key may refer to obtaining an updated second pilot key and using the second pilot key as a new first pilot key, and the specific updating method is the same as the aforementioned embodiment. Step 1212b: The UE / base station uses the generated key pair to update the pilot key for subsequent generation of private pilots. It should be noted that the pilot key update can also be completed on the network side AF / NF, which is not exemplified in this embodiment. In conjunction with FIG13 , taking the first device as a reader and the second device as a tag as an example, another exemplary description of the key generation method provided in the above embodiment is given. After the reader and the tag generate the key pair Ks and Ks', the following processing is performed: Step 1301: the reader sends a pilot key update request to the tag, and the request may include a second random number R generated by the reader; Step 1302: After receiving the command, the tag updates the pilot key; after this step is completed, the tag can obtain the second pilot key, and then use the second pilot key as the new first pilot key. The pilot key update method can be to generate a new pilot key Kp using a key derivation function, and the input parameters include the key Ks generated in the previous round, the random number R sent by the Reader, the Tag ID, the length of the Tag ID, the serial number SQN, the length of the serial number SQN and the random number R, the length of the random number R, and the fixed value assigned by the third party, such as FC=0x7E, etc., which will not be repeated. Step 1303: Tag sends a pilot key update response message; Step 1304: the Reader updates the pilot key in the same manner as step 1302. After this step is completed, the Reader can obtain the second pilot key, and then use the second pilot key as the new first pilot key. Step 1305: The Reader and the Tag enter the next round of key generation phase. By adopting the above scheme, after receiving the first pilot signal of the second device on the first device side, channel estimation can be performed based on the pilot key and the first pilot signal, and then a quantization sequence can be selected to generate its own first key, and then a response signal can be sent to the second device in combination with the channel estimation value and the quantization sequence, so that the second device obtains the second key based on the response signal. In this way, the first device performs channel estimation based on the pilot key, which can avoid the problem of low security of the key caused by using a common pilot for channel estimation and renegotiation, and improves the security of the key generated by the first device and the second device. In addition, the first device only needs to perform more complex calculations such as channel estimation, which can reduce the processing complexity on the second device side, and is more suitable for second devices with lower capabilities. Finally, in combination with related technologies, the key generation method provided in this embodiment is described as follows: a zero-power terminal is an IoT device driven by energy harvesting, which does not require a battery or has only limited energy storage capacity (for example, using a capacitor), and uses backscattering and low-power computing technology, its terminal has an extremely simple RF and baseband circuit structure, which greatly reduces the cost, size and circuit energy consumption of the terminal. In the process of standardization discussion, zero-power IoT is also called Ambient power enabled IoT, referred to as Ambient IoT (or A-IoT) (environmental energy IoT), and in some technical literature it is also called passive IoT (passive IoT). A-IoT devices use various environmental energies, such as wireless RF energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy and other environmental energies to drive their own IoT devices. This type of device may have no energy storage capacity or may have very limited energy storage capacity (such as using capacitors with a capacity of tens of uF). Compared with existing cellular IoT technologies (such as NB-IoT, LTE-M, RedCap, etc.), IoT services supported by AIoT can realize battery-free terminals and meet the IoT communication needs of ultra-low power consumption, extremely small size and extremely low cost. The 3GPP SA1 working group defines that AIoT devices can meet the following conditions: operate under extreme environmental conditions, such as high voltage, extremely high / low temperature, and humid environments; have ultra-low complexity, very small device size / form factor (such as millimeter thickness); be maintenance-free (for example, the device does not need to replace traditional batteries) and have a longer service life (for example, 20 years); have no batteries or have only limited energy storage capabilities; do not require dedicated RFID tag readers, etc. Based on the discussion of Ambient IoT application scenarios, Ambient IoT can be used in at least the following four scenarios: object recognition, such as logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management; environmental monitoring, such as temperature, humidity, and harmful gas monitoring of the working environment and natural environment; positioning, such as indoor positioning, smart object search, and production line item positioning; intelligent control, such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart homes (turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperature), and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic irrigation and fertilization). The four AIoT topologies applicable to AIoT devices are as follows: In topology 1, as shown in FIG14, the AIoT device directly communicates bidirectionally with the base station (shown as BS in FIG14). The communication between the base station and the AIoT device includes the data / signaling of the AIoT; this topology includes the transmission from the BS to the AIoT device and the reception of data / signaling from the AIoT device by the BS. In topology 2, as shown in FIG15, the AIoT device communicates bidirectionally with an intermediate node that transmits information between the BS and the AIoT device. In this topology, the intermediate node can be a relay, an IAB node, a UE, a repeater, etc. In topology 3, as shown in FIG16 and FIG17, FIG16 is for the uplink scenario, and FIG17 is for the downlink scenario. Regardless of the uplink or downlink scenario, the AIoT device sends data / signaling to the base station and receives AIoT data / signaling from the assisting node, or the AIoT device receives data / signaling from the base station and transmits the data / signaling to the assisting node. In this topology, the assisting node can be a relay, IAB node, UE, repeater, etc. In topology 4, as shown in Figure 18, the AIoT device communicates bidirectionally with the terminal. The communication between the UE and the AIoT device includes AIoT data / signaling. According to the energy storage capacity of AIoT devices and whether they can actively transmit RF signals, AIoT devices are divided into the following three categories: Device A: no energy storage, no independent signal transmission and amplification, backscattering is used for transmission, and its power consumption target for transmission and reception is [≤1μW] or [≤10μW], and the device complexity is equivalent to UHF RFID ISO18000-6C (EPC C1G2); Device B: energy storage, no independent signal transmission, backscattering is used for transmission, and the reflected signal can be amplified using the stored energy, and its power consumption target for transmission and reception is less than the power consumption target of device C, greater than or much greater than the power consumption target of device A, and the device complexity is between device A and device C; Device C: energy storage, independent signal transmission, that is, it has active RF components for transmission, and its power consumption target for transmission and reception is ≤1mW to≤10mW, and the device complexity is several orders of magnitude lower than NB-IoT. Although device C can support the transmission of independent signals, its transmission and reception power consumption is still low, and the device complexity is several orders of magnitude lower than NB-IoT devices. Therefore, the 5G-AKA-based security protocol in 3GPP may be difficult to execute on Class C AIoT devices (the computational complexity of functions f1 to f5 is high), and it is necessary to conduct lightweight security protocol research for Class C AIoT devices. The basic principle of physical layer key generation is to use the randomness, time-varying and reciprocity of the wireless channel to generate a shared key between the transceiver devices. Eavesdroppers cannot obtain the same key due to experiencing different channel fading. Theoretically, in a rich multipath scattering environment, illegal users who are more than half a wavelength away from legitimate users will obtain irrelevant channel measurement values, that is, illegal users cannot obtain the generated key. Therefore, physical layer key generation has security guarantees that do not rely on computational complexity. The physical layer key generation process usually includes channel detection and feature extraction, bit quantization, information harmonization and privacy amplification. Channel detection refers to the exchange of channel detection signals between legitimate nodes within the channel coherence time, and the extraction of received signal features by means of channel estimation. Several typical channel features include channel state information (CSI), received signal strength (RSS), phase, envelope, etc. Their respective characteristics can be: CSI has the following characteristics: fine granularity, including channel impulse response (CIR) (including amplitude and phase) and channel frequency response (CFR), and the key generation rate and measurement equipment requirements are high; RSS and envelope have the following characteristics: coarse granularity, for example, each data packet can only obtain one RSS value or the envelope only obtains the wireless signal profile, while the profile is actually composed of a series of RSS, and the key generation rate and measurement equipment requirements corresponding to RSS and envelope are low; phase has the following characteristics: fine granularity is evenly distributed in the wireless channel, and the key generation rate and measurement equipment requirements are high. Most existing physical layer key generation schemes use RSS or CSI as channel features, and extract common keys by exchanging detection signals between legitimate communication parties. These solutions face various challenges when directly applied to Class C AIoT devices, such as low key generation rate, difficulty in supporting complex channel estimation, difficulty in resisting man-in-the-middle attacks, etc. Specifically, they face active attacks such as man-in-the-middle forwarding. Attacks Most existing physical layer key generation schemes are based on public pilots for channel estimation and feature extraction. However, due to the broadcast nature of wireless communications and the openness of transmission media, the public pilots make legitimate users face active attacks such as signal injection and transparent forwarding by middlemen during the physical layer key generation process, which in turn leads to the leakage of keys generated by legitimate users; it places high requirements on the capabilities of the transceiver equipment. Some physical layer key generation schemes require both the sender and the receiver to perform channel estimation. Although Class C A-IoT devices have active transmission capabilities, their transmission and reception power consumption is still low (usually ≤1mW), the device circuit meets the minimalist design, and the device complexity is several orders of magnitude lower than that of NB-IoT devices, which may not be able to support complex channel estimation. Based on this, it is necessary to redesign the physical layer key generation scheme that is suitable for this type of device. The key generation method provided in the above embodiment of the present invention can resist man-in-the-middle attacks. Specifically, the second device uses a private pilot signal instead of the traditional public pilot. During the key generation process, illegal users cannot obtain the private pilot because they do not know the shared pilot key, which avoids the leakage of information in the key generation process and can resist man-in-the-middle attacks. Only one-way channel estimation is required. Specifically, the first device performs channel estimation based on the private pilot sent by the second device, and determines the state of the received signal at the second device end (such as receiving phase, receiving amplitude, RSSI, etc.) by calculating parameters such as power (phase, antenna weight coefficient). The second device does not need channel estimation, which reduces the requirements for computing power and is particularly suitable for AIoT devices. The key generation rate can be improved. Since the first device randomly selects a quantized sequence as a key, its key generation rate not only includes the randomness of the reciprocal channel but also the randomness of the source signal, thereby improving the key generation rate. FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a first device according to an embodiment of the present application, including: The first communication unit 1901 is configured to receive a first pilot signal sent by a second device; and send a plurality of response signals to the second device based on a channel estimation value and a plurality of first quantization sequences, wherein the plurality of response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key; The first processing unit 1902 is configured to calculate a channel estimation value based on a first pilot key and the first pilot signal; and generate a first key based on multiple first quantization sequences. The first processing unit is used to determine multiple groups of parameter values ​​based on the multiple first quantization sequences; determine multiple groups of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation value and the multiple groups of parameter values; The first communication unit is configured to send the multiple response signals to the second device based on the multiple groups of sending parameters. The first processing unit is used to determine the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the first quantization information and the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence, wherein the first quantization information is used to determine the candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in multiple candidate quantization sequences, and the one or more types include at least one of the following: phase type, amplitude type, received signal strength indication RSSI type, the i-th first quantization sequence is one of the multiple first quantization sequences, the i-th group of parameter values ​​is one of the multiple groups of parameter values, and i is an integer. The first processing unit is configured to generate the i-th first quantization sequence based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence. The first processing unit is used to perform at least one of the following: when the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes the i-th initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type, determine the i-th amplitude value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type and the first amplitude quantization information; when the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes the i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type, determine the i-th phase value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type and the first phase quantization information; when the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes the i-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type, determine the i-th RSSI value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type and the first RSSI quantization information. The first processing unit is used to perform at least one of the following: when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th amplitude value, calculating the i-th transmit power in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th amplitude value, wherein the i-th group of transmit parameters is one of the multiple groups of transmit parameters; when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th phase value, calculating the i-th transmit phase in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation phase value and the i-th phase value; when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th RSSI value, calculating the i-th transmit power in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th RSSI value. The first processing unit is used to calculate the radio frequency coefficient based on the channel estimation value; and determine the multiple groups of transmission parameters based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficient. The first processing unit is used to determine the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the i-th group of parameter values ​​and the RF coefficients, where the i-th group of transmission parameters is one of the multiple groups of transmission parameters. The first communication unit is used to send an i-th response signal to the second device based on the i-th group of sending parameters, wherein the i-th response signal is one of the multiple response signals, and different response signals among the multiple response signals occupy different time domain ranges. Each of the multiple response signals is a second pilot signal, and the second pilot signal is calculated based on the first pilot key. The first processing unit is used to calculate multiple sub-RF coefficients based on the RF coefficients, wherein the first device has multiple antennas, and different sub-RF coefficients in the multiple sub-RF coefficients correspond to different antennas of the first device; based on the multiple groups of parameters value and the multiple sub-RF coefficients, determine multiple groups of sending parameters corresponding to each group of response signals in the multiple groups of response signals, wherein each group of response signals includes one or more response signals, and different groups of response signals occupy different time domain ranges, and different response signals in the one or more response signals correspond to different antennas. The first processing unit is used to determine the jth group of sending parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals based on multiple groups of parameter values ​​corresponding to the jth group of response signals and the sub-RF coefficients corresponding to each response signal in the jth group of response signals, wherein the jth group of response signals is one of the multiple groups of response signals and j is an integer. The first communication unit is configured to send the jth group of response signals to the second device based on the jth group of sending parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals. Different response signals in the j-th group of response signals are different third pilot signals. The first processing unit is configured to calculate a fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key; and calculate a channel estimation value based on the fourth pilot signal and the first pilot signal. The first processing unit is used to calculate the fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter includes at least one of the following: a first random number, a length of the first random number, a first timestamp, an identifier of the second device, a length of the identifier of the second device, and a first count value. The first communication unit is used to receive a key confirmation request message from the second device, wherein the key confirmation request message carries a first verification code, and the first verification code is calculated by the second device based on the second key; and verify the key consistency based on the first key and the first verification code. The first processing unit is configured to calculate a second verification code based on the first key; and verify key consistency based on the second verification code and the first verification code. The key confirmation request message also carries ciphertext data; the first processing unit is used to calculate a second check code and plaintext data based on the first key, the ciphertext data and the first check code. The first communication unit is used to send a pilot key update message to the second device; and receive a pilot key update response message from the second device, where the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain a second pilot key. The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the first processing unit is used to calculate a second pilot key based on a third key and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; the third key includes one of the following: the first key and the first pilot key. The first quantization information is predefined or indicated by the first network device. The first communication unit is used to receive the first quantization information from the first network device. The first pilot key is shared by the first device and the second device. The first communication unit is used to receive the first pilot key from a first network device, wherein the first pilot key is calculated by the first network device based on a shared key, and the shared key is shared by the second device and the first network device. The first communication unit is used to send the first key to the first network device. The first network device includes at least one of the following: an application function AF, a network function NF, and the NF includes at least one of the following: an access and mobility management function AMF, an authentication service function AUSF, an HSE, a unified data management function UDM, a unified data storage UDR, a security anchor function SEAF, and a core network dedicated network element. The first device includes one of the following: a terminal, a second network device; the second device is a zero-power consumption terminal. FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a second device according to an embodiment of the present application, including: The second processing unit 2002 is configured to calculate the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key; and generate a second key based on the multiple response signals; The second communication unit 2001 is configured to send the first pilot signal to a first device and receive multiple response signals from the first device. The second processing unit is configured to determine a plurality of second quantization sequences based on a receiving parameter of each response signal in the plurality of response signals; and generate the second key based on the plurality of second quantization sequences. The second processing unit is used to determine the i-th received quantization sequence of each type of one or more types based on the received parameters of the i-th response signal and the second quantization information, wherein the one or more types include at least one of the following: phase type, amplitude type, received signal strength indication RSSI type, the second quantization information is used to determine the candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in multiple candidate quantization sequences, and the parameter interval corresponding to each candidate parameter value in multiple candidate parameter values, the i-th response signal is one of the multiple response signals, and i is an integer; based on the i-th received quantization sequence of each type, generate the i-th second quantization sequence, wherein the i-th second quantization sequence is one of the multiple second quantization sequences. The receiving parameter of the i-th response signal includes at least one of the following: the receiving amplitude of the i-th response signal, the i-th The receiving phase of the response signal and the RSSI of the i-th response signal. The second processing unit is used to perform at least one of the following: determining an i-th received quantization sequence of the amplitude type based on the received amplitude of the i-th response signal and the second amplitude quantization information; determining an i-th received quantization sequence of the phase type based on the received phase of the i-th response signal and the second phase quantization information; determining an i-th received quantization sequence of the RSSI type based on the RSSI of the i-th response signal and the second RSSI quantization information. Different response signals among the multiple response signals occupy different time domain ranges, and each response signal among the multiple response signals is a second pilot signal, which is calculated based on the first pilot key. The second communication unit is used to receive multiple groups of response signals from the first device, wherein each group of response signals in the multiple groups of response signals includes one or more response signals, and different groups of response signals occupy different time domain ranges. Different response signals in each group of response signals are different third pilot signals. The second processing unit is used to calculate the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter includes at least one of the following: a first random number, a length of the first random number, a first timestamp, an identifier of the second device, a length of the identifier of the second device, and a first count value. The second processing unit is configured to calculate a first verification code based on the second key; The second communication unit is used to send a key confirmation request message to the first device, wherein the key confirmation request message carries the first verification code, and the first verification code is used by the first device to verify key consistency. The key confirmation request message also carries ciphertext data; the second processing unit is used to calculate the first check code and the ciphertext data based on the second key and the plaintext data. The second communication unit is configured to receive a pilot key update message; and send a pilot key update response message, wherein the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain a second pilot key; The second processing unit is used to calculate a second pilot key. The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the second processing unit is used to calculate the second pilot key based on a fourth key and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; the fourth key includes one of the following: the second key and the first pilot key. The second quantization information is predefined. The first pilot key is shared by the first device and the second device. The second processing unit is configured to calculate the first pilot key based on a shared key, where the shared key is shared by the second device and the first network device. The first network device includes at least one of the following: an application function AF, a network function NF, and the NF includes at least one of the following: an access and mobility management function AMF, an authentication service function AUSF, an HSE, a unified data management function UDM, a unified data storage UDR, a security anchor function SEAF, and a core network dedicated network element. The first device includes one of the following: a terminal, a second network device; the second device is a zero-power consumption terminal. FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a composition structure of a first network device according to an embodiment of the present application, including: The third communication unit 2101 is used to send a first pilot key to the first device, wherein the first pilot key is used by the first device to calculate a channel estimation value, and send multiple response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value, and the multiple response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key. As shown in FIG. 21 , the first network device further includes a third processing unit 2102: The third processing unit is configured to calculate the first pilot key based on a shared key, wherein the shared key is shared by the first network device and the second device. The third communication unit is used to send first quantization information to the first device, wherein the first quantization information is used to determine a candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in a plurality of candidate quantization sequences. The third communication unit is used to receive the first key sent by the first device. The third communication unit is used to send a pilot key update message; receive a pilot key update response message, where the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain a second pilot key. The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the third processing unit is used to calculate the second pilot key based on a third key and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; the third key includes one of the following: the first key and the first pilot key. The first network device includes at least one of the following: an application function AF, a network function NF, and the NF includes at least one of the following: an access and mobility management function AMF, an authentication service function AUSF, an HSE, a unified data management function UDM, a unified data storage UDR, a security anchor function SEAF, and a core network dedicated network element; The first device includes one of the following: a terminal, a second network device; The second device is a zero-power consumption terminal. The device of the embodiment of the present application can realize the corresponding functions of each device in the aforementioned key generation method embodiment. The process, function, implementation method and beneficial effect corresponding to each module (submodule, unit or component, etc.) in the first device, or the second device, or the first network device can be referred to the corresponding description in the above method embodiment, which will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described in the first device, or the second device, or each module (submodule, unit or component, etc.) in the first network device of the application embodiment can be implemented by different modules (submodules, units or components, etc.), or by the same module (submodule, unit or component, etc.). Fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 2200 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 2200 includes a processor 2210, and the processor 2210 can call and run a computer program from a memory so that the communication device 2200 implements the method in the embodiment of the present application. In a possible implementation, the communication device 2200 may further include a memory 2220. The processor 2210 may call and run a computer program from the memory 2220, so that the communication device 2200 implements the method in the embodiment of the present application. The memory 2220 may be a separate device independent of the processor 2210 , or may be integrated into the processor 2210 . In a possible implementation, the communication device 2200 may further include a transceiver 2230, and the processor 2210 may control the transceiver 2230 to communicate with other devices, specifically, may send information or data to other devices, or receive information or data sent by other devices. The transceiver 2230 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 2230 may further include an antenna, and the number of the antennas may be one or more. In one possible implementation, the communication device 2200 may be the first device, or the second device, or the first network device of the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 2200 can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device, or the second device, or the first network device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here. In an embodiment of the present application, a first device is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory communicating with the processor, the memory being used to store instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the first device to execute: receiving a first pilot signal sent by a second device; sending multiple response signals to the second device based on a channel estimation value and multiple first quantization sequences, wherein the multiple response signals are used for the second device to generate a second key; calculating a channel estimation value based on a first pilot key and the first pilot signal; and generating a first key based on multiple first quantization sequences. The instructions also cause the first device to execute: determining multiple groups of parameter values ​​based on the multiple first quantization sequences; determining multiple groups of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation values ​​and the multiple groups of parameter values; and sending the multiple response signals to the second device based on the multiple groups of transmission parameters. The instruction also causes the first device to execute: determining the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the first quantization information and the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence, wherein the first quantization information is used to determine the candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in multiple candidate quantization sequences, the one or more types include at least one of the following: phase type, amplitude type, received signal strength indication RSSI type, the i-th first quantization sequence is one of the multiple first quantization sequences, the i-th group of parameter values ​​is one of the multiple groups of parameter values, and i is an integer. The instruction further causes the first device to execute: generating the i-th first quantization sequence based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence. The instruction also causes the first device to perform at least one of the following: when the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes the i-th initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type, determine the i-th amplitude value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type and the first amplitude quantization information; when the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes the i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type, determine the i-th phase value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type and the first phase quantization information; when the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes the i-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type, determine the i-th RSSI value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type and the first RSSI quantization information. The instruction also causes the first device to perform at least one of the following: when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th amplitude value, calculating the i-th transmit power in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th amplitude value, wherein the i-th group of transmit parameters is one of the multiple groups of transmit parameters; when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th phase value, calculating the i-th transmit phase in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation phase value and the i-th phase value; when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th RSSI value, calculating the i-th transmit power in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th RSSI value. The instructions further cause the first device to execute: calculating a radio frequency coefficient based on the channel estimation value; and determining the multiple sets of transmission parameters based on the multiple sets of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficient. The instruction further causes the first device to execute: determining the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the i-th group of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficients; number, the i-th group of sending parameters is one of the multiple groups of sending parameters. The instruction also causes the first device to execute: sending an i-th response signal to the second device based on the i-th group of sending parameters, wherein the i-th response signal is one of the multiple response signals, and different response signals among the multiple response signals occupy different time domain ranges. Each of the multiple response signals is a second pilot signal, and the second pilot signal is calculated based on the first pilot key. The instruction also causes the first device to execute: based on the RF coefficient, calculate multiple sub-RF coefficients, wherein the first device has multiple antennas, and different sub-RF coefficients among the multiple sub-RF coefficients correspond to different antennas of the first device; based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​and the multiple sub-RF coefficients, determine multiple groups of transmission parameters corresponding to each group of response signals in multiple groups of response signals, wherein each group of response signals includes one or more response signals, and different groups of response signals occupy different time domain ranges, and different response signals among the one or more response signals correspond to different antennas. The instruction also causes the first device to execute: determining the jth group of sending parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals based on multiple groups of parameter values ​​corresponding to the jth group of response signals and the sub-RF coefficients corresponding to each response signal in the jth group of response signals, wherein the jth group of response signals is one of the multiple groups of response signals and j is an integer. The instruction further causes the first device to execute: based on the jth group of sending parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals, sending the jth group of response signals to the second device. Different response signals in the j-th group of response signals are different third pilot signals. The instructions further cause the first device to execute: calculating a fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key; and calculating a channel estimation value based on the fourth pilot signal and the first pilot signal. The instruction also causes the first device to execute: calculate the fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter includes at least one of the following: a first random number, a length of the first random number, a first timestamp, an identifier of the second device, a length of the identifier of the second device, and a count value. The instruction also causes the first device to execute: receiving a key confirmation request message from the second device, wherein the key confirmation request message carries a first verification code, and the first verification code is calculated by the second device based on the second key; and verifying key consistency based on the first key and the first verification code. The instructions further cause the first device to execute: calculating a second verification code based on the first key; and verifying key consistency based on the second verification code and the first verification code. The instructions further cause the first device to execute: calculating a second check code and plaintext data based on the first key, the ciphertext data and the first check code. The instruction further causes the first device to execute: sending a pilot key update message to the second device; and receiving a pilot key update response message from the second device, where the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain a second pilot key. The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the instruction also causes the first device to execute: calculate a second pilot key based on a third key and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; and the third key includes one of the following: the first key and the first pilot key. The first quantization information is predefined or indicated by the first network device. The instructions further cause the first device to perform: receiving the first quantized information from the first network device. The first pilot key is shared by the first device and the second device. The instruction further causes the first device to execute: receiving the first pilot key from a first network device, wherein the first pilot key is calculated by the first network device based on a shared key, and the shared key is shared by the second device and the first network device. The instructions further cause the first device to execute: sending the first key to the first network device. The first network device includes at least one of the following: an application function AF, a network function NF, and the NF includes at least one of the following: an access and mobility management function AMF, an authentication service function AUSF, an HSE, a unified data management function UDM, a unified data storage UDR, a security anchor function SEAF, and a core network dedicated network element. The first device includes one of the following: a terminal, a second network device; the second device is a zero-power consumption terminal. In an embodiment of the present application, a second device is provided, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicating with the processor, the memory being used to store instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the second device to execute: The instructions further cause the second device to execute: calculating a first pilot signal based on a first pilot key; generating a second key based on the multiple response signals; sending the first pilot signal to the first device; and receiving multiple response signals from the first device. The instructions further cause the second device to execute: determining a plurality of second quantization sequence; and generating the second key based on the plurality of second quantization sequences. The instruction also causes the second device to execute: based on the reception parameter of the i-th response signal and the second quantization information, determine the i-th received quantization sequence of each type of one or more types, wherein the one or more types include at least one of the following: phase type, amplitude type, received signal strength indication RSSI type, the second quantization information is used to determine a candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in multiple candidate quantization sequences, and a parameter interval corresponding to each candidate parameter value in multiple candidate parameter values, the i-th response signal is one of the multiple response signals, and i is an integer; based on the i-th received quantization sequence of each type, generate an i-th second quantization sequence, wherein the i-th second quantization sequence is one of the multiple second quantization sequences. The reception parameter of the i-th response signal includes at least one of the following: a reception amplitude of the i-th response signal, a reception phase of the i-th response signal, and an RSSI of the i-th response signal. The instruction also causes the second device to execute: execute at least one of the following: determine the i-th received quantization sequence of amplitude type based on the received amplitude of the i-th response signal and the second amplitude quantization information; determine the i-th received quantization sequence of phase type based on the received phase of the i-th response signal and the second phase quantization information; determine the i-th received quantization sequence of RSSI type based on the RSSI of the i-th response signal and the second RSSI quantization information. Different response signals among the multiple response signals occupy different time domain ranges, and each response signal among the multiple response signals is a second pilot signal, which is calculated based on the first pilot key. The instruction further causes the second device to execute: receiving multiple groups of response signals from the first device, wherein each group of response signals in the multiple groups of response signals includes one or more response signals, and different groups of response signals occupy different time domain ranges. Different response signals in each group of response signals are different third pilot signals. The instruction also causes the second device to execute: calculate the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter includes at least one of the following: a first random number, a length of the first random number, a first timestamp, an identifier of the second device, a length of the identifier of the second device, and a first count value. The instructions further cause the second device to execute: calculating a first verification code based on the second key; The instruction further causes the second device to execute: sending a key confirmation request message to the first device, wherein the key confirmation request message carries the first verification code, and the first verification code is used by the first device to verify key consistency. The key confirmation request message also carries ciphertext data; the instruction further causes the second device to execute: calculating the first verification code and the ciphertext data based on the second key and the plaintext data. The instruction further causes the second device to execute: receiving a pilot key update message; sending a pilot key update response message, wherein the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain a second pilot key; The instructions also cause the second device to perform: calculating a second pilot key. The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the instruction also causes the second device to execute: calculate the second pilot key based on a fourth key and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; and the fourth key includes one of the following: the second key and the first pilot key. The second quantization information is predefined. The first pilot key is shared by the first device and the second device. The instructions further cause the second device to execute: calculating the first pilot key based on a shared key, where the shared key is shared by the second device and the first network device. The first network device includes at least one of the following: an application function AF, a network function NF, and the NF includes at least one of the following: an access and mobility management function AMF, an authentication service function AUSF, an HSE, a unified data management function UDM, a unified data storage UDR, a security anchor function SEAF, and a core network dedicated network element. The first device includes one of the following: a terminal, a second network device; the second device is a zero-power consumption terminal. In an embodiment of the present application, a first network device is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory communicating with the processor, the memory being used to store instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the first network device to execute: The instructions also cause the first network device to execute: sending a first pilot key to the first device, wherein the first pilot key is used by the first device to calculate a channel estimation value, and sending multiple response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value, wherein the multiple response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key. The instructions further cause the first network device to calculate the first pilot key based on a shared key, wherein the shared key is shared by the first network device and the second device. The instruction further causes the first network device to execute: sending first quantization information to the first device, wherein the first quantization information is used to determine a candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in a plurality of candidate quantization sequences. The instructions further cause the first network device to execute: receiving a first key sent by the first device. The instruction further causes the first network device to execute: sending a pilot key update message; receiving a pilot key update response message; The pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain the second pilot key. The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the instruction also causes the first network device to execute: based on a third key and a second parameter, calculate the second pilot key, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; the third key includes one of the following: the first key and the first pilot key. The first network device includes at least one of the following: application function AF, network function NF, the NF includes at least one of the following: access and mobility management function AMF, authentication service function AUSF, HSE, unified data management function UDM, unified data storage UDR, security anchor function SEAF, core network dedicated network element; the first device includes one of the following: terminal, second network device; the second device is a zero-power terminal. Fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip 2300 according to an embodiment of the present application. The chip 2300 includes a processor 2310, and the processor 2310 can call and run a computer program from a memory to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application. In a possible implementation, the chip 2300 may further include a memory 2320. The processor 2310 may call and run a computer program from the memory 2320 to implement the method performed by the access network device or the first core network device in the embodiment of the present application. The memory 2320 may be a separate device independent of the processor 2310, or may be integrated in the processor 2310. In a possible implementation, the chip 2300 may further include an input interface 2330. The processor 2310 may control the input interface 2330 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, may obtain information or data sent by other devices or chips. In a possible implementation, the chip 2300 may further include an output interface 2340. The processor 2310 may control the output interface 2340 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, may output information or data to other devices or chips. In one possible implementation, the chip can be applied to the first device or the target second device in the embodiments of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device or the target second device in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc. The processor mentioned above can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The above-mentioned memory may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memories. The memories in the embodiments of the present application are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories. Figure 24 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 1300 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication system 1300 includes a first device 2410, a second device 2420, and a first network device 2430. In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function in accordance with the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here. The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A key generation method, comprising: The first device receives a first pilot signal sent by the second device; The first device calculates a channel estimation value based on a first pilot key and the first pilot signal; The first device generates a first key based on a plurality of first quantized sequences; The first device sends a plurality of response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value and the plurality of first quantization sequences, wherein the plurality of response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The first device sends a plurality of response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value and the plurality of first quantization sequences, comprising: The first device determines a plurality of sets of parameter values ​​based on the plurality of first quantization sequences; The first device determines multiple groups of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation value and the multiple groups of parameter values; The first device sends the plurality of response signals to the second device based on the plurality of sets of transmission parameters.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The first device determines multiple groups of parameter values ​​based on the multiple first quantization sequences, including: The first device determines the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the first quantization information and the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence, wherein the first quantization information is used to determine the candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in multiple candidate quantization sequences, the one or more types include at least one of the following: phase type, amplitude type, received signal strength indication RSSI type, the i-th first quantization sequence is one of the multiple first quantization sequences, the i-th group of parameter values ​​is one of the multiple groups of parameter values, and i is an integer.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device generates the i-th first quantization sequence based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: The first device determines, based on the first quantization information and an i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence, an i-th group of parameter values, including at least one of the following: In a case where the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes an i-th initial quantization sequence of an amplitude type, the first device determines an i-th amplitude value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type and the first amplitude quantization information; In a case where the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes an i-th initial quantization sequence of a phase type, the first device determines an i-th phase value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type and the first phase quantization information; In a case where the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes the i-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type, the first device determines the i-th RSSI value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type and the first RSSI quantization information.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: The first device determines the multiple sets of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation value and the multiple sets of parameter values, including at least one of the following: In a case where the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th amplitude value, the first device calculates the i-th transmit power in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th amplitude value, wherein the i-th group of transmit parameters is one of the multiple groups of transmit parameters; In a case where the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th phase value, the first device calculates the i-th transmission phase in the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation phase value and the i-th phase value; In a case where the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th RSSI value, the first device calculates the i-th transmission power in the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th RSSI value.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein: The first device determines the multiple groups of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation value and the multiple groups of parameter values, including: The first device calculates a radio frequency coefficient based on the channel estimation value; The first device determines the multiple sets of transmission parameters based on the multiple sets of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficients.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The first device determines the multiple groups of transmission parameters based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficients, including: The first device determines an i-th group of transmission parameters based on the i-th group of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficients, where the i-th group of transmission parameters is one of the multiple groups of transmission parameters.

9. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein: The first device sending a plurality of response signals to the second device based on the plurality of groups of sending parameters includes: The first device sends an i-th response signal to the second device based on the i-th group of sending parameters, wherein the i-th response signal is one of the multiple response signals, and different response signals among the multiple response signals occupy different time domain ranges.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: Each of the multiple response signals is a second pilot signal, and the second pilot signal is calculated based on the first pilot key.

11. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The first device determines the multiple groups of transmission parameters based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficients, including: The first device calculates a plurality of sub-RF coefficients based on the RF coefficients, wherein the first device has a plurality of antennas, and different sub-RF coefficients in the plurality of sub-RF coefficients correspond to different antennas of the first device; The first device determines multiple groups of transmission parameters corresponding to each group of response signals in a plurality of groups of response signals based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​and the multiple sub-RF coefficients, wherein each group of response signals includes one or more response signals, and different groups of response signals occupy different time domain ranges, and different response signals in the one or more response signals correspond to different antennas.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein: The first device determines, based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​and the multiple sub-RF coefficients, multiple groups of sending parameters corresponding to each group of response signals in the multiple groups of response signals, including: The first device determines the jth group of sending parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals based on multiple groups of parameter values ​​corresponding to the jth group of response signals and the sub-RF coefficients corresponding to each response signal in the jth group of response signals, wherein the jth group of response signals is one of the multiple groups of response signals and j is an integer.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein: The first device sending a plurality of response signals to the second device based on the plurality of groups of sending parameters includes: The first device sends the jth group of response signals to the second device based on the jth group of sending parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein: Different response signals in the j-th group of response signals are different third pilot signals.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: The first device calculates a channel estimation value based on a first pilot key and the first pilot signal, including: The first device calculates a fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key; The first device calculates a channel estimation value based on the fourth pilot signal and the first pilot signal.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein: The first device calculates a fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key, including: The first device calculates the fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter includes at least one of the following: a first random number, a length of the first random number, a first timestamp, an identifier of the second device, a length of the identifier of the second device, and a first count value.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device receives a key confirmation request message from the second device, wherein the key confirmation request message carries a first verification code, and the first verification code is calculated by the second device based on the second key; The first device verifies key consistency based on the first key and the first verification code.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The first device verifies key consistency based on the first key and the first verification code, including: The first device calculates a second verification code based on the first key; The first device verifies key consistency based on the second verification code and the first verification code.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein: The key confirmation request message also carries ciphertext data; The first device calculates a second verification code based on the first key, including: The first device calculates a second check code and plaintext data based on the first key, the ciphertext data and the first check code.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device sends a pilot key update message to the second device; The first device receives a pilot key update response message from the second device, where the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain a second pilot key.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein: The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the method further includes: The first device calculates a second pilot key based on a third key and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device The third key includes one of the following: the first key and the first pilot key.

22. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 14, wherein: The first quantization information is predefined or indicated by the first network device.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device receives the first quantized information from the first network device.

24. The method according to claims 1-21, wherein: The first pilot key is shared by the first device and the second device.

25. The method according to claims 1-23, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device receives the first pilot key from a first network device, wherein the first pilot key is calculated by the first network device based on a shared key, and the shared key is shared by the second device and the first network device.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device sends the first key to the first network device.

27. The method according to any one of claims 22, 23, 25 and 26, wherein: The first network device includes at least one of the following: an application function AF, a network function NF, and the NF includes at least one of the following: an access and mobility management function AMF, an authentication service function AUSF, an HSE, a unified data management function UDM, a unified data storage UDR, a security anchor function SEAF, and a core network dedicated network element.

28. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein: The first device includes one of the following: a terminal, a second network device; the second device is a zero-power consumption terminal.

29. A key generation method, comprising: The second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key; The second device sends the first pilot signal to the first device; The second device receives a plurality of response signals from the first device; The second device generates a second key based on the plurality of response signals.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein: The second device generates a second key based on the plurality of response signals, comprising: The second device determines a plurality of second quantization sequences based on a reception parameter of each response signal in the plurality of response signals; The second device generates the second key based on the plurality of second quantization sequences.

31. The method according to claim 30, wherein: The second device determines a plurality of second quantization sequences based on a reception parameter of each response signal in the plurality of response signals, including: The second device determines an i-th received quantization sequence of each type of one or more types based on the received parameter of the i-th response signal and the second quantization information, wherein the one or more types include at least one of the following: a phase type, an amplitude type, and a received signal strength indication RSSI type, the second quantization information is used to determine a candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in multiple candidate quantization sequences, and a parameter interval corresponding to each candidate parameter value in multiple candidate parameter values, the i-th response signal is one of the multiple response signals, and i is an integer; The second device generates an i-th second quantization sequence based on the i-th received quantization sequence of each type, wherein the i-th second quantization sequence is one of the multiple second quantization sequences.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein: The reception parameter of the i-th response signal includes at least one of the following: a reception amplitude of the i-th response signal, a reception phase of the i-th response signal, and an RSSI of the i-th response signal.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein: The second device determines, based on the reception parameter of the i-th response signal and the second quantization information, an i-th received quantization sequence of each type of one or more types, including at least one of the following: The second device determines an i-th received quantization sequence of the amplitude type based on the received amplitude of the i-th response signal and the second amplitude quantization information; The second device determines an i-th received quantization sequence of phase type based on the received phase of the i-th response signal and the second phase quantization information; The second device determines an i-th received quantization sequence of the RSSI type based on the RSSI of the i-th response signal and the second RSSI quantization information.

34. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 33, wherein: Different response signals among the multiple response signals occupy different time domain ranges, and each response signal among the multiple response signals is a second pilot signal, which is calculated based on the first pilot key.

35. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 33, wherein: The second device receives a plurality of response signals from the first device, including: The second device receives multiple groups of response signals from the first device, wherein each group of response signals in the multiple groups of response signals includes one or more response signals, and different groups of response signals occupy different time domain ranges.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein: Different response signals in each group of response signals are different third pilot signals.

37. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 36, wherein: The second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key, including: The second device calculates the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter includes at least one of the following: a first random number, a length of the first random number, a first timestamp, an identifier of the second device, a length of the identifier of the second device, and a first count value.

38. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 37, wherein: The method further comprises: The second device calculates a first verification code based on the second key; The second device sends a key confirmation request message to the first device, wherein the key confirmation request message carries the first verification code, and the first verification code is used by the first device to verify key consistency.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein: The key confirmation request message also carries ciphertext data; The second device calculates a first verification code based on the second key, including: The second device calculates the first check code and the ciphertext data based on the second key and the plaintext data.

40. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 39, wherein: The method further comprises: The second device receives a pilot key update message; The second device calculates a second pilot key; The second device sends a pilot key update response message, where the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain a second pilot key.

41. The method of claim 40, wherein: The pilot key update message carries a second random number; The second device calculates a second pilot key, including: The second device calculates the second pilot key based on a fourth key and second parameters, wherein the second parameters include at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; and the fourth key includes one of the following: the second key and the first pilot key.

42. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 33, wherein: The second quantization information is predefined.

43. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 42, wherein: The first pilot key is shared by the first device and the second device.

44. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 42, wherein: The method further comprises: The second device calculates the first pilot key based on a shared key, where the shared key is shared by the second device and the first network device.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein: The first network device includes at least one of the following: an application function AF, a network function NF, and the NF includes at least one of the following: an access and mobility management function AMF, an authentication service function AUSF, an HSE, a unified data management function UDM, a unified data storage UDR, a security anchor function SEAF, and a core network dedicated network element.

46. ​​The method according to any one of claims 29 to 45, wherein: The first device includes one of the following: a terminal, a second network device; the second device is a zero-power consumption terminal.

47. A key generation method, comprising: The first network device sends a first pilot key to the first device, wherein the first pilot key is used by the first device to calculate a channel estimation value, and sends multiple response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value, wherein the multiple response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key.

48. The method of claim 47, wherein: The method further comprises: The first network device calculates the first pilot key based on a shared key, wherein the shared key is shared by the first network device and the second device.

49. The method according to claim 47 or 48, wherein: The method further comprises: The first network device sends first quantization information to the first device, wherein the first quantization information is used to determine a candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in a plurality of candidate quantization sequences.

50. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 49, wherein: The method further comprises: The first network device receives a first key sent by the first device.

51. The method of claim 50, wherein: The method further comprises: The first network device sends a pilot key update message; The first network device receives a pilot key update response message, where the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain a second pilot key.

52. The method of claim 51, wherein: The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the method further includes: The first network device calculates the second pilot key based on a third key and second parameters, wherein the second parameters include at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the sequence number, the length of the sequence number, and a first specified value; and the third key includes one of the following: the first key and the first pilot key.

53. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 52, wherein: The first network device includes at least one of the following: an application function AF, a network function NF, and the NF includes at least one of the following: an access and mobility management function AMF, an authentication service function AUSF, an HSE, a unified data management function UDM, a unified data storage UDR, a security anchor function SEAF, and a core network dedicated network element; The first device includes one of the following: a terminal, a second network device; The second device is a zero-power consumption terminal.

54. A first device, comprising: A first communication unit, configured to receive a first pilot signal sent by a second device; Sending a plurality of response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value and the plurality of first quantization sequences, wherein the plurality of response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key; The first processing unit is configured to calculate a channel estimation value based on a first pilot key and the first pilot signal; and generate a first key based on a plurality of first quantization sequences.

55. The first device according to claim 54, wherein The first processing unit is used to determine multiple groups of parameter values ​​based on the multiple first quantization sequences; Determining multiple sets of transmission parameters based on the channel estimation value and the multiple sets of parameter values; The first communication unit is configured to send the multiple response signals to the second device based on the multiple groups of sending parameters.

56. The first device according to claim 55, wherein The first processing unit is used to determine the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the first quantization information and the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence, wherein the first quantization information is used to determine the candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in multiple candidate quantization sequences, and the one or more types include at least one of the following: phase type, amplitude type, received signal strength indication RSSI type, the i-th first quantization sequence is one of the multiple first quantization sequences, the i-th group of parameter values ​​is one of the multiple groups of parameter values, and i is an integer.

57. The first device according to claim 56, wherein The first processing unit is configured to generate the i-th first quantization sequence based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence.

58. The first device according to claim 56 or 57, wherein The first processing unit is configured to perform at least one of the following: determining an i-th amplitude value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type and the first amplitude quantization information, when the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes an i-th initial quantization sequence of the amplitude type; determining an i-th phase value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type and the first phase quantization information, when the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes an i-th initial quantization sequence of the phase type; In a case where the i-th initial quantization sequence of each type of the one or more types corresponding to the i-th first quantization sequence includes the i-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type, the i-th RSSI value in the i-th group of parameter values ​​is determined based on the i-th initial quantization sequence of the RSSI type and the first RSSI quantization information.

59. The first device according to claim 58, wherein The first processing unit is used to perform at least one of the following: when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th amplitude value, calculating the i-th transmit power in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th amplitude value, wherein the i-th group of transmit parameters is one of the multiple groups of transmit parameters; when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th phase value, calculating the i-th transmit phase in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation phase value and the i-th phase value; when the i-th group of parameter values ​​includes the i-th RSSI value, calculating the i-th transmit power in the i-th group of transmit parameters based on the channel estimation amplitude value and the i-th RSSI value.

60. The first device according to claim 58, wherein: The first processing unit is used to calculate the radio frequency coefficient based on the channel estimation value; and determine the multiple groups of transmission parameters based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​and the radio frequency coefficient.

61. The first device according to claim 60, wherein: The first processing unit is used to determine the i-th group of transmission parameters based on the i-th group of parameter values ​​and the RF coefficients, where the i-th group of transmission parameters is one of the multiple groups of transmission parameters.

62. The first device according to any one of claims 55 to 61, wherein: The first communication unit is used to send an i-th response signal to the second device based on the i-th group of sending parameters, wherein the i-th response signal is one of the multiple response signals, and different response signals among the multiple response signals occupy different time domain ranges.

63. The first device according to any one of claims 54 to 62, wherein: Each of the multiple response signals is a second pilot signal, and the second pilot signal is calculated based on the first pilot key.

64. The first device according to claim 60, wherein: The first processing unit is used to calculate multiple sub-RF coefficients based on the RF coefficients, wherein the first device has multiple antennas, and different sub-RF coefficients among the multiple sub-RF coefficients correspond to different antennas of the first device; based on the multiple groups of parameter values ​​and the multiple sub-RF coefficients, determine multiple groups of sending parameters corresponding to each group of response signals in a plurality of groups of response signals, wherein each group of response signals includes one or more response signals, and different groups of response signals occupy different time domain ranges, and different response signals among the one or more response signals correspond to different antennas.

65. The first device according to claim 64, wherein The first processing unit is used to determine the jth group of sending parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals based on multiple groups of parameter values ​​corresponding to the jth group of response signals and the sub-RF coefficients corresponding to each response signal in the jth group of response signals, wherein the jth group of response signals is one of the multiple groups of response signals and j is an integer.

66. A first device according to claim 64 or 65, wherein The first communication unit is configured to send the jth group of response signals to the second device based on the jth group of sending parameters corresponding to the jth group of response signals.

67. The first device according to claim 66, wherein Different response signals in the j-th group of response signals are different third pilot signals.

68. The first device according to any one of claims 54 to 67, wherein: The first processing unit is configured to calculate a fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key; A channel estimation value is calculated based on the fourth pilot signal and the first pilot signal.

69. The first device according to claim 68, wherein The first processing unit is used to calculate the fourth pilot signal based on the first pilot key and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter includes at least one of the following: a first random number, a length of the first random number, a first timestamp, an identifier of the second device, a length of the identifier of the second device, and a first count value.

70. The first device according to any one of claims 54 to 69, wherein: The first communication unit is used to receive a key confirmation request message from the second device, wherein the key confirmation request message carries a first verification code, and the first verification code is calculated by the second device based on the second key; and verify the key consistency based on the first key and the first verification code.

71. The first device according to claim 70, wherein: The first processing unit is configured to calculate a second verification code based on the first key; and verify key consistency based on the second verification code and the first verification code.

72. The first device according to claim 71, wherein The key confirmation request message also carries ciphertext data; the first processing unit is used to calculate a second check code and plaintext data based on the first key, the ciphertext data and the first check code.

73. A first device according to any one of claims 54 to 72, wherein: The first communication unit is used to send a pilot key update message to the second device; and receive a pilot key update response message from the second device, where the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain a second pilot key.

74. The first device according to claim 73, wherein The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the first processing unit is used to calculate a second pilot key based on a third key and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; the third key includes one of the following: the first key and the first pilot key.

75. The first device according to any one of claims 56 to 67, wherein: The first quantization information is predefined or indicated by the first network device.

76. The first device of claim 22, wherein: The first communication unit is used to receive the first quantization information from the first network device.

77. The first device according to claims 54-74, wherein: The first pilot key is shared by the first device and the second device.

78. The first device according to claims 54-76, wherein: The first communication unit is used to receive the first pilot key from a first network device, wherein the first pilot key is calculated by the first network device based on a shared key, and the shared key is shared by the second device and the first network device.

79. The first device according to claim 78, wherein The first communication unit is used to send the first key to the first network device.

80. The first device according to any one of claims 75, 76, 78, and 79, wherein: The first network device includes at least one of the following: an application function AF, a network function NF, and the NF includes at least one of the following: an access and mobility management function AMF, an authentication service function AUSF, an HSE, a unified data management function UDM, a unified data storage UDR, a security anchor function SEAF, and a core network dedicated network element.

81. A first device according to any one of claims 54 to 80, wherein: The first device includes one of the following: a terminal, a second network device; the second device is a zero-power consumption terminal.

82. A second device, comprising: A second processing unit, configured to calculate a first pilot signal based on the first pilot key; Generate a second secret key based on the plurality of response signals key; A second communication unit, configured to send the first pilot signal to the first device; A plurality of response signals are received from the first device.

83. The second device according to claim 82, wherein: The second processing unit is configured to determine a plurality of second quantization sequences based on a receiving parameter of each response signal in the plurality of response signals; and generate the second key based on the plurality of second quantization sequences.

84. The second device according to claim 83, wherein The second processing unit is used to determine the i-th received quantization sequence of each type of one or more types based on the received parameters of the i-th response signal and the second quantization information, wherein the one or more types include at least one of the following: phase type, amplitude type, received signal strength indication RSSI type, the second quantization information is used to determine the candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in multiple candidate quantization sequences, and the parameter interval corresponding to each candidate parameter value in multiple candidate parameter values, the i-th response signal is one of the multiple response signals, and i is an integer; based on the i-th received quantization sequence of each type, generate the i-th second quantization sequence, wherein the i-th second quantization sequence is one of the multiple second quantization sequences.

85. The second device according to claim 84, wherein The reception parameter of the i-th response signal includes at least one of the following: a reception amplitude of the i-th response signal, a reception phase of the i-th response signal, and an RSSI of the i-th response signal.

86. The second device according to claim 85, wherein The second processing unit is configured to perform at least one of the following: determining an i-th received quantization sequence of amplitude type based on the received amplitude of the i-th response signal and the second amplitude quantization information; Determine an i-th received quantization sequence of phase type based on the received phase of the i-th response signal and the second phase quantization information; Based on the RSSI of the ith response signal and the second RSSI quantization information, an ith receiving quantization sequence of the RSSI type is determined.

87. The second device according to any one of claims 82 to 86, wherein: Different response signals among the multiple response signals occupy different time domain ranges, and each response signal among the multiple response signals is a second pilot signal, which is calculated based on the first pilot key.

88. The second device according to any one of claims 82 to 86, wherein: The second communication unit is used to receive multiple groups of response signals from the first device, wherein each group of response signals in the multiple groups of response signals includes one or more response signals, and different groups of response signals occupy different time domain ranges.

89. The second device according to claim 88, wherein Different response signals in each group of response signals are different third pilot signals.

90. The second device according to any one of claims 82 to 89, wherein: The second processing unit is used to calculate the first pilot signal based on the first pilot key and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter includes at least one of the following: a first random number, a length of the first random number, a first timestamp, an identifier of the second device, a length of the identifier of the second device, and a first count value.

91. The second device according to any one of claims 82 to 90, wherein: The second processing unit is configured to calculate a first verification code based on the second key; The second communication unit is used to send a key confirmation request message to the first device, wherein the key confirmation request message carries the first verification code, and the first verification code is used by the first device to verify key consistency.

92. The second device according to claim 91, wherein The key confirmation request message also carries ciphertext data; the second processing unit is used to calculate the first check code and the ciphertext data based on the second key and the plaintext data.

93. The second device according to any one of claims 82 to 92, wherein: The second communication unit is used to receive a pilot key update message; Sending a pilot key update response message, where the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain a second pilot key; The second processing unit is used to calculate a second pilot key.

94. The second device according to claim 93, wherein: The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the second processing unit is used to calculate the second pilot key based on a fourth key and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; the fourth key includes one of the following: the second key and the first pilot key.

95. The second device according to any one of claims 84-86, wherein: The second quantization information is predefined.

96. The second device according to any one of claims 82 to 95, wherein: The first pilot key is shared by the first device and the second device.

97. The second device according to any one of claims 82-95, wherein: The second processing unit is configured to calculate the first pilot key based on a shared key, where the shared key is shared by the second device and the first network device.

98. The second device according to claim 97, wherein The first network device includes at least one of the following: an application function AF, a network function NF, and the NF includes at least one of the following: an access and mobility management function AMF, an authentication service function AUSF, an HSE, a unified data management function UDM, a unified data storage UDR, a security anchor function SEAF, and a core network dedicated network element.

99. The second device according to any one of claims 82 to 98, wherein: The first device includes one of the following: a terminal, a second network device; the second device is a zero-power consumption terminal.

100. A first network device, comprising: The third communication unit is used to send a first pilot key to the first device, wherein the first pilot key is used by the first device to calculate a channel estimation value, and send multiple response signals to the second device based on the channel estimation value, and the multiple response signals are used by the second device to generate a second key.

101. The first network device according to claim 100, wherein: The first network device also includes a third processing unit: The third processing unit is configured to calculate the first pilot key based on a shared key, wherein the shared key is shared by the first network device and the second device.

102. The first network device according to claim 100 or 101, wherein: The third communication unit is used to send first quantization information to the first device, wherein the first quantization information is used to determine a candidate parameter value corresponding to each candidate quantization sequence in a plurality of candidate quantization sequences.

103. The first network device according to any one of claims 100-102, wherein: The third communication unit is used to receive the first key sent by the first device.

104. The first network device according to claim 103, wherein: The third communication unit is used to send a pilot key update message; receive a pilot key update response message, where the pilot key update response message is used to instruct the second device to update and obtain a second pilot key.

105. The first network device according to claim 104, wherein: The pilot key update message carries a second random number; the third processing unit is used to calculate the second pilot key based on a third key and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: the second random number, the length of the second random number, the identifier of the second device, the length of the identifier of the second device, the serial number, the length of the serial number, and a first specified value; the third key includes one of the following: the first key and the first pilot key.

106. The first network device according to any one of claims 100-105, wherein: The first network device includes at least one of the following: an application function AF, a network function NF, and the NF includes at least one of the following: an access and mobility management function AMF, an authentication service function AUSF, an HSE, a unified data management function UDM, a unified data storage UDR, a security anchor function SEAF, and a core network dedicated network element; The first device includes one of the following: a terminal, a second network device; The second device is a zero-power consumption terminal.

107. A first device, comprising: A processor, a memory in communication with the processor, the memory being used to store instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the first device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 28.

108. A second device, comprising: A processor, a memory in communication with the processor, the memory being used to store instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the second device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 29 to 46.

109. A first network device, comprising: A processor, a memory communicating with the processor, the memory being used to store instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the first network device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 47 to 53.

110. A chip, comprising: A processor, configured to call and run a computer program from a memory so that a device equipped with the chip executes a method as described in any one of claims 1 to 28, or claims 29 to 46, or 47 to 53.

111. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a device, causes the device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 28, or claims 29 to 46, or 47 to 53.

112. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 28, or claims 29 to 46, or 47 to 53.

113. A computer program causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 28, or claims 29 to 46, or 47 to 53.

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