Cutting method and cutting system for multi-layer material containing non-metal layer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material processing, in particular to a cutting method and a cutting system for a multi-layer material containing a non-metal layer. The cutting method comprises the steps that an auxiliary layer is laid on a high-reflection metal layer of a to-be-processed material to form a primarily-processed multi-layer material, and the laser absorptivity of the auxiliary layer is higher than that of the high-reflection metal layer; enabling a laser beam to act on the auxiliary layer along a preset cutting path so as to complete laser cutting of the primarily-processed multi-layer material; and the auxiliary layer and the metal slag remaining on the primarily-machined multi-layer material are removed. The non-metal auxiliary layer is laid on the surface of the metal layer of the high-reflectivity metal multilayer material, the high-power laser beam directly acts on the auxiliary layer, and the metal layer below the auxiliary layer and the non-metal layer below the auxiliary layer are rapidly melted by means of instantaneous high temperature generated by the high absorption characteristic of the auxiliary layer to laser. And efficient and accurate cutting of the high-reflection metal multilayer material containing the non-metal layer is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material processing, in particular to a cutting method and a cutting system for a multilayer material containing a non-metallic layer. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of industrial production, high-reflective metal multilayer materials containing a non-metallic layer (such as aluminum foil-resin composite structure, copper foil-ceramic composite structure) are widely used in new energy batteries, flexible electronic devices, aerospace structural parts and other high-end manufacturing scenarios due to their excellent electrical conductivity, insulation and mechanical strength. With the rapid expansion of the new energy industry and the increasing demand for lightweight electronic devices, the demand for precision cutting of such composite materials is showing a significant growth trend.

[0003] However, the existing cutting technology has systematic defects when processing such materials, and it is difficult to meet the comprehensive requirements of industrial production on efficiency, precision and reliability. Currently, the industry mainly uses laser cutting or mechanical cutting processes to cope with the processing needs of high-reflective metal materials. For laser cutting of high-reflective metal, conventional fiber lasers cannot effectively melt the metal layer due to the high reflectivity of the metal surface, resulting in incomplete cutting, severe edge burrs, and enlarged heat-affected zone, etc. defects, and even causing damage to the optical elements of the laser, significantly reducing the service life of the equipment. On the other hand, mechanical cutting methods (such as punching and sawing) can avoid the problem of laser reflection, but when processing composite structures of metal layers and non-metallic layers (such as resin and ceramic), they are prone to cause cracking, delamination or interface peeling of the non-metallic layer due to stress concentration, and it is difficult to achieve micron-level precision cutting requirements, which significantly affects product yield. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a cutting method that is simple, efficient and highly adaptable to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0004] In related technologies, when cutting high-reflective metal multilayer materials containing a non-metallic layer (such as aluminum foil-resin, copper foil-ceramic composite structure), incomplete cutting, edge burrs and equipment damage are caused by laser reflection, and mechanical cutting easily causes cracking, delamination and interface peeling of the non-metallic layer, making it difficult to meet the comprehensive requirements of industrial production on efficiency, precision and reliability.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a cutting method for a multilayer material containing a non-metallic layer, comprising: laying an auxiliary layer on the high-reflective metal layer of the material to be processed to form a preliminary processed multilayer material, the laser absorption rate of the auxiliary layer being higher than that of the high-reflective metal layer; making a laser beam act on the auxiliary layer along a preset cutting path to complete laser cutting of the preliminary processed multilayer material; removing the residual auxiliary layer and metal slag on the preliminary processed multilayer material.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, the step of laying the auxiliary layer on the high-reflectivity metal layer of the material to be processed to form the preliminary processed multi-layer material comprises: laying the auxiliary layer on the high-reflectivity metal layer in a flat manner, and making the auxiliary layer closely adhere to the surface of the high-reflectivity metal layer.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, the step of laying the auxiliary layer on the high-reflectivity metal layer comprises: laying the auxiliary layer on the high-reflectivity metal layer in a flat manner, and making the laying range of the auxiliary layer cover the preset cutting path and the preset area on both sides of the path.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, the auxiliary layer comprises: the laser absorption rate of the auxiliary layer is not less than 90%.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, the auxiliary layer comprises: one of a graphite paper, a carbon fiber cloth, or a black resin film.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, the step of making the laser beam act on the auxiliary layer along the preset path to complete the laser cutting of the preliminary processed multi-layer material comprises: fixing the preliminary processed multi-layer material by using a fixing device; setting the power of the laser cutting device according to the thickness of the high-reflectivity metal layer, and driving the laser cutting device to perform laser cutting on the preliminary processed multi-layer material at the set power.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, the step of fixing the preliminary processed multi-layer material by using a fixing device comprises: fixing the preliminary processed multi-layer material by using a negative pressure suction device.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, the step of removing the auxiliary layer and the metal slag remaining on the preliminary processed multi-layer material comprises: blowing the processed preliminary processed multi-layer material by using a compressed air device.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, before the step of laying the auxiliary layer on the high-reflectivity metal layer of the material to be processed to form the preliminary processed multi-layer material, the method further comprises: wiping impurities on the surface of the preliminary processed multi-layer material by using alcohol or acetone.

[0014] Secondly, the embodiments of the present application provide a cutting system of a multi-layer material containing a non-metal layer, which comprises: a preprocessing module configured to lay an auxiliary layer on a high-reflectivity metal layer of a material to be processed to form a preliminary processed multi-layer material; a cutting module configured to make a laser beam act on the auxiliary layer along a preset path to complete laser cutting of the preliminary processed multi-layer material. a cleaning module for removing the auxiliary layer and metal slag remaining on the primary processed multilayer material The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following beneficial effects: The present application lays the non-metal auxiliary layer on the surface of the metal layer of the high-reflective metal multilayer material, directly acts on the auxiliary layer with a high-power laser beam, generates instantaneous high temperature by the high absorption characteristics of the auxiliary layer to the laser, quickly melts and removes the metal layer and the underlying non-metal layer, and realizes efficient and accurate cutting of the high-reflective metal multilayer material containing the non-metal layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical schemes in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 The flowchart of the cutting method of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present application, the technical schemes in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] In the related art, when the cutting technology is used to process high-reflective metal multilayer materials containing non-metal layers (such as aluminum foil-resin and copper foil-ceramic composite structures), the cutting is not complete, the edge burr and the equipment damage are caused due to laser reflection, and the non-metal layer is easily cracked, layered and interfacial peeling caused by mechanical cutting, which is difficult to meet the comprehensive requirements of efficiency, accuracy and reliability in industrial production.

[0019] It should be noted that, in order to realize the cutting of high-reflective metal multilayer materials, the related art focuses on the optimization of "anti-laser reflection" of a single metal layer, such as improving the laser absorption rate through surface coating (such as carbon-based coating) or adjusting the pulse parameters (such as high peak power and short pulse width) to improve the cutting effect. However, such methods do not fully consider the composite characteristics of "metal layer + non-metal layer" in multilayer materials, that is, the high reflectivity of the metal layer and the brittleness and heat sensitivity of the non-metal layer are coupled, resulting in the failure of the optimization strategy in the composite structure. The existing technology lacks systematic analysis of the interface characteristics of the material, and cannot balance the laser absorption of the metal layer and the structural integrity of the non-metal layer, so it cannot adapt to the cutting needs of high-reflective metal multilayer materials containing non-metal layers. The above technical bottlenecks not only result in low cutting efficiency (cutting speed reduced by more than 30%) and high scrap rate (up to 15-20%), but also restrict the large-scale production process of key products such as new energy battery pole pieces and flexible circuit boards.

[0020] In a first aspect, a cutting method for a multilayer material containing a non-metal layer includes: Step S1, laying an auxiliary layer on the high-reflective metal layer of the material to be processed to form a preliminary processed multilayer material, the laser absorption rate of the auxiliary layer being higher than that of the high-reflective metal layer and greater than a preset threshold.

[0021] It should be noted that the material to be processed is a high-reflective metal multilayer material containing a non-metal layer, which includes at least one high-reflective metal layer and one non-metal layer.

[0022] Preferably, the laser absorption rate of the auxiliary layer for the cutting laser wavelength to be used should be not less than 90%.

[0023] The above step S1 includes: Step S1a, cleaning the surface of the material to be processed to remove impurities such as oil stains and dust.

[0024] Specifically, the impurities on the surface of the preliminary processed multilayer material are wiped off using alcohol or acetone.

[0025] In some specific embodiments, the material to be processed can be aluminum, copper, silver or an alloy thereof, the reflectivity of the high-reflective metal layer to a wavelength of 1064 nm laser is ≥80%; and the non-metal layer is an aluminum-plated film and a PET substrate.

[0026] Step S1b, auxiliary layer laying.

[0027] Specifically, the auxiliary layer is laid flat on the high-reflective metal layer, and the auxiliary layer is tightly attached to the surface of the high-reflective metal layer.

[0028] It can be understood that the auxiliary layer is closely attached to the high-reflective metal layer without air bubbles or gaps. By flat laying and closely attaching, the air bubbles or gaps between the auxiliary layer and the metal layer are eliminated, the laser energy transmission efficiency is optimized, the cutting unevenness caused by local reflection or energy dispersion is avoided, the cutting edge quality (reducing burrs) and consistency are improved, the non-metal layer is ensured not to be affected by stress during cutting, and the risk of delamination or cracking is reduced.

[0029] Further, the auxiliary layer is flat laid on the high-reflective metal layer, and the laying range of the auxiliary layer covers the preset cutting path and the preset area on both sides of the path. Specifically, the laying range of the auxiliary layer covers a 0.5mm-2mm area on both sides of the preset cutting path.

[0030] It is worth noting that the auxiliary layer design covering the cutting path and the preset area on both sides provides additional energy buffer and stress dispersion, prevents the cutting edge from cracking, delaminating or interfacial peeling due to stress concentration, significantly improves the integrity and micron-level precision of the cutting edge, and improves the product yield.

[0031] In the first preferred embodiment of the present application, the auxiliary layer comprises a PETDd aluminum-coated film.

[0032] In combination with the above preferred embodiment, in some specific examples, the thickness of the auxiliary layer is 0.012mm, and the absorption rate of the auxiliary layer to the laser with a wavelength of 1064nm is ≥90%.

[0033] It can be understood that the aluminum-coated film as the auxiliary layer has the characteristics of high laser absorption rate, easy laying and low cost, can stably absorb laser energy and quickly clear, and avoids the problem of metal reflection; it has strong flexibility and is suitable for composite structures such as aluminum foil-resin, simplifies the process flow, improves the cutting efficiency and equipment compatibility, and reduces the material cost.

[0034] In the second preferred embodiment of the present application, the auxiliary layer comprises one of a graphite paper, a carbon fiber cloth and a black resin film.

[0035] It can be understood that the graphite paper, the carbon fiber cloth and the black resin film all have high laser absorption rate, excellent thermal stability and easy clearability, can efficiently absorb laser energy and reduce the heat affected zone, and avoid metal reflection; their material diversity adapts to different composite structures (such as copper foil-ceramic), ensures stable and reliable cutting process, improves precision and yield, and meets the requirements of lightweight and environmental protection.

[0036] Step S2, the laser beam is applied to the auxiliary layer along the preset cutting path to complete the laser cutting of the primary processed multi-layer material.

[0037] The above step S2 specifically includes: Step S2a, fixing the preliminary processed multi-layer material by using a fixing device Specifically, the preliminary processed multi-layer material is fixed by using a negative pressure suction device.

[0038] It is worth noting that the cutting platform fixes the material to be cut by using negative pressure suction or mechanical clamps, and the fixing pressure is 0.1-0.5MPa to avoid displacement of the material during cutting.

[0039] Step S2b, setting the power of the laser cutting device according to the thickness of the high-reflective metal layer, and driving the laser cutting device to cut the preliminary processed multi-layer material at the set power.

[0040] Optionally, the laser cutting device is a fiber laser cutting machine, and the wavelength of the laser is 1064nm.

[0041] Specifically, a high-power laser cutting device is used, the laser power is set to 150-300W, the cutting speed is 50-100mm / s, and the spot diameter is 0.1-0.5mm.

[0042] Further, when the thickness of the high-reflective metal layer in the preliminary processed multi-layer material is 0.1-1mm, the power of the laser cutting device needs to be set to 150-300W.

[0043] It is worth noting that the laser beam acts on the surface of the auxiliary layer along the preset cutting path, the auxiliary layer absorbs the laser energy to generate a high temperature, and the heat is transferred to the high-reflective metal layer below and melts it quickly, and at the same time, the high temperature also melts the non-metal layer below the high-reflective metal layer, thereby completing the cutting of the multi-layer material.

[0044] Step S3, removing the residual auxiliary layer and metal slag on the preliminary processed multi-layer material.

[0045] Specifically, a compressed air device is used to blow the processed preliminary processed multi-layer material.

[0046] Optionally, the compressed air pressure is 0.3-0.8MPa.

[0047] It is worth noting that the high-reflective metal multi-layer material containing a non-metal layer can be applied to the cutting of new energy battery tabs, electronic component housings, aerospace composite components, low-temperature cryogenic insulation materials, and other high-reflective metal multi-layer materials containing non-metal layers.

[0048] In a second aspect, the application provides a cutting system for a multi-layer material containing a non-metal layer, comprising: a pretreatment module, a cutting module, and a cleaning module; wherein, The pre-treatment module is used for laying an auxiliary layer on a high-reflection metal layer of a material to be processed to form a preliminary processed multi-layer material; the cutting module is used for making the laser beam act on the auxiliary layer along a preset path to complete laser cutting of the preliminary processed multi-layer material; and the cleaning module is used for removing the auxiliary layer and metal slag remaining on the preliminary processed multi-layer material.

[0049] In summary, the application realizes efficient and accurate cutting of high-reflection metal multi-layer materials containing non-metal layers by laying a non-metal auxiliary layer on the surface of the metal layer of the high-reflection metal multi-layer material, directly acting on the auxiliary layer with a strong-power laser beam, and generating instantaneous high temperature by virtue of the high absorption of the auxiliary layer to the laser beam, thereby quickly melting and removing the metal layer and the non-metal layer below. Meanwhile, the application realizes one-time accurate cutting of the metal layer and the non-metal layer (such as aluminum foil-resin and copper foil-ceramic), effectively avoids cracking, delamination and interface peeling of the non-metal layer, and stabilizes the cutting qualified rate to more than 98%. The process design is simple and efficient, does not need to make complicated modification to the existing laser equipment, only needs to add the auxiliary layer laying step, can seamlessly adapt to the industrial laser cutting production line, greatly reduces the popularization cost, and can be widely applied to high-end manufacturing scenes such as new energy battery tabs, electronic device housings and aerospace composite components, has strong practicability, and provides an efficient, accurate and reliable standard cutting solution for industrial production.

[0050] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the positions or position relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower" and the like are based on the positions or position relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular position, be constructed and operated in a particular position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] It should be noted that, in the present application, the relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0052] The foregoing is merely illustrative of the principles of the application and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. The above embodiments are illustrative, and not restrictive, of the scope of the application.

Claims

1. A method of cutting a multi-layer material comprising a non-metallic layer, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: laying an auxiliary layer on a high-reflective metal layer of a material to be processed to form a preliminary processed multi-layer material, the auxiliary layer having a laser absorption rate higher than that of the high-reflective metal layer; applying a laser beam to the auxiliary layer along a preset cutting path to complete laser cutting of the preliminary processed multi-layer material; removing the auxiliary layer and metal slag remaining on the preliminary processed multi-layer material.

2. The cutting method of claim 1 wherein, The step of laying the auxiliary layer on the high-reflective metal layer of the material to be processed to form the preliminary processed multi-layer material comprises: laying the auxiliary layer on the high-reflective metal layer in a flat manner, and closely adhering the auxiliary layer to the surface of the high-reflective metal layer.

3. The cutting method of claim 2 wherein, The step of laying the auxiliary layer on the high-reflective metal layer in a flat manner comprises: laying the auxiliary layer on the high-reflective metal layer in a flat manner, and covering the preset cutting path and a preset area on both sides of the path with the auxiliary layer.

4. The cutting method of claim 1 wherein: The laser absorption rate of the auxiliary layer is not less than 90%.

5. The cutting method of claim 1 wherein, The auxiliary layer comprises one of a graphite paper, a carbon fiber cloth, and a black resin film.

6. The cutting method of claim 1 wherein, The step of applying the laser beam to the auxiliary layer along the preset path to complete laser cutting of the preliminary processed multi-layer material comprises: fixing the preliminary processed multi-layer material by using a fixing device; setting a power of a laser cutting device according to the thickness of the high-reflective metal layer, and driving the laser cutting device to perform laser cutting on the preliminary processed multi-layer material at the set power.

7. The cutting method of claim 6 wherein, The step of fixing the preliminary processed multi-layer material by using the fixing device comprises:

8. The cutting method of claim 1 wherein, fixing the preliminary processed multi-layer material by using a negative pressure suction device. The step of removing the auxiliary layer and the metal slag remaining on the preliminary processed multi-layer material comprises:

9. The cutting method of claim 1 wherein, blowing the processed preliminary processed multi-layer material by using a compressed air device.

10. A cutting system for multilayer materials containing a non-metallic layer, characterized in that, Before the step of laying the auxiliary layer on the high-reflective metal layer of the material to be processed to form the preliminary processed multi-layer material, the method further comprises the step of wiping impurities on the surface of the preliminary processed multi-layer material by using alcohol or acetone. The method comprises the following steps: a preprocessing module for laying an auxiliary layer on a high-reflective metal layer of a material to be processed to form a preliminary processed multi-layer material; a cutting module for applying a laser beam to the auxiliary layer along a preset path to complete laser cutting of the preliminary processed multi-layer material; a cleaning module for removing the auxiliary layer and metal slag remaining on the preliminary processed multi-layer material.

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