Automatic grinding equipment and grinding method for bearing ring

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bearing ring machining, in particular to automatic grinding equipment and method for a bearing ring, and the equipment comprises a rack, a grinding wheel grinding mechanism, a bearing ring abutting and rotating mechanism, a collaborative cooling system and an intelligent control system. The collaborative cooling system is provided with an annular cooling housing, a front nozzle, a main nozzle, a grinding wheel washing nozzle and a rear washing nozzle are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the annular cooling housing, and all-directional cooling and cleaning of a grinding area are achieved through the synergistic effect of the multiple nozzles. The intelligent control system can call corresponding process parameter packages according to different machining stages such as coarse grinding, fine grinding and finishing, cooperatively control the rotating speed of the grinding wheel and the workpiece, the pressure of each nozzle and the start-stop mode, and adopt a reverse grinding process. According to the equipment, the problem of chip sintering in the grinding process is effectively solved, the grinding quality and efficiency are remarkably improved, and meanwhile accurate saving of cooling liquid is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bearing ring machining, and particularly relates to a bearing ring automatic polishing device and a polishing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] When the bearing ring is polished, due to high-speed friction between the grinding wheel and the surface of the bearing ring, a very high local temperature is generated in the grinding area in an instant. In this harsh environment of high temperature and high pressure, the stripped metal chips are not completely washed away by the cooling liquid, part of the fine chips will be sintered and deposited in the chip space on the working surface of the grinding wheel due to physical adsorption and chemical affinity, causing the grinding wheel to be blocked; another part will be attached to the surface of the bearing ring that has been processed, forming black sintering (also known as "grinding burn").

[0003] At present, the method of large-flow cooling liquid flushing is generally used to try to solve this problem. However, this method has obvious limitations: the spray angle, pressure and position of the cooling liquid are not optimized, it is difficult to effectively enter the grinding arc area through the "air barrier" formed by the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel, the cooling efficiency is low, and the single cooling liquid flow field cannot simultaneously clean the grinding wheel, cool the workpiece and effectively guide the chips, resulting in a large amount of chips still remaining and sintering in the key area. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a bearing ring automatic polishing device and a polishing method to solve the problem that the current cooling liquid flushing method cannot effectively eliminate the chip sintering phenomenon.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a bearing ring automatic polishing device, which comprises: a rack; a grinding wheel grinding mechanism arranged on the rack, comprising a grinding wheel for polishing the outer surface of the bearing ring and a first motor for driving the grinding wheel to rotate; a bearing ring abutting and rotating mechanism arranged on the rack, for abutting and driving the bearing ring to rotate; a cooperative cooling system, comprising: a cooling cover arranged at the periphery of the grinding area of the grinding wheel and the bearing ring, a front nozzle arranged at the front part of the inner wall of the cooling cover, and the spray axis thereof points to the front area where the grinding wheel contacts the bearing ring; a main nozzle arranged at the middle part of the inner wall of the cooling cover, and the spray direction thereof is parallel to the tangent of the outer circle of the grinding wheel, and the main nozzle is opposite to the grinding arc area; a grinding wheel flushing nozzle arranged at the rear of the grinding point of the inner wall of the cooling cover, and the spray direction thereof is opposite to the rotation direction of the grinding wheel; a rear flushing nozzle arranged on the inner wall of the cooling cover, and the spray axis thereof points to the machined surface. An intelligent control system is electrically connected with the grinding mechanism, the bearing ring pressing and rotating mechanism, and the cooling system, and is used for cooperatively controlling working parameters of each mechanism.

[0006] Optionally, the bearing ring pressing and rotating mechanism comprises a rotating frame rotatably arranged on the cooling cover, a bidirectional threaded rod is rotatably connected to the rotating frame, and two sides of the bidirectional threaded rod are respectively threadedly connected with pressing members for pressing the bearing ring, the pressing members are slidably connected to the rotating frame, and a second motor is arranged to drive the rotating frame to rotate.

[0007] Optionally, the installation position of the grinding wheel flushing nozzle satisfies that a point of intersection of a jet flow beam of the grinding wheel flushing nozzle and an outer circle of the grinding wheel is located at a position after the grinding wheel exits a grinding contact area with the bearing ring and before the grinding wheel reimmerses into a cooling liquid atmosphere in the cooling cover.

[0008] Optionally, the intelligent control system comprises a process parameter storage module and a parameter cooperative control module, the process parameter storage module pre-stores at least three groups of process parameter packages corresponding to different grinding stages, including a rough grinding parameter package, a fine grinding parameter package and a finishing parameter package, and the parameter cooperative control module is used for automatically calling a corresponding process parameter package according to a selected grinding stage, and synchronously setting a grinding wheel rotating speed, a bearing ring rotating speed and pressures and start-stop modes of each nozzle.

[0009] The pre-stored process parameter package of the system contains optimized cooperative working parameters of each mechanism. When an operator selects a grinding stage, the parameter cooperative control module not only calls a single rotating speed or pressure value, but also synchronously sets a complete combination of the grinding wheel rotating speed, the workpiece rotating speed and the pressure, the start-stop timing and the working mode of each nozzle, for example, a cooperative strategy of “high grinding wheel rotating speed-low workpiece rotating speed-continuous high pressure of all nozzles” is adopted in the rough grinding stage, so that the parameters are matched with each other to form an organic whole.

[0010] The one-key cooperative parameter calling avoids the mismatching problem of parameters caused by manual step-by-step setting, for example, a contradiction between high-speed grinding and low cooling pressure, so that the equipment is always operated in an optimal state of process design, and the dependence on technical experience of an operator is reduced.

[0011] Optionally, a cooperative control logic of the rough grinding parameter package is as follows: a grinding wheel linear speed is controlled to be 35-45 m / s, a bearing ring linear speed is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 m / s, and reverse grinding is formed; a front nozzle pressure is controlled to be 2-3 bar, and the front nozzle is continuously opened; a main nozzle pressure is controlled to be 4-6 bar, and the main nozzle is continuously opened; a grinding wheel flushing nozzle pressure is controlled to be 6-8 bar, and the grinding wheel flushing nozzle is continuously opened; The post-positioned rinsing nozzle pressure is controlled at 1-2 bar, and is operated in a pulse mode of 2 seconds on / 1 second off.

[0012] Optionally, the synergic control logic of the finishing parameter package is: The wheel linear speed is controlled at 25-35 m / s, and the bearing ring linear speed is controlled at 0.8-1.2 m / s; The pre-positioned nozzle pressure is controlled at 1-2 bar, and is continuously turned on; The main nozzle pressure is controlled at 2-3 bar, and is continuously turned on; The wheel rinsing nozzle pressure is controlled at 4-5 bar, and is operated in an intermittent mode of 3 seconds on / 2 seconds off; The post-positioned rinsing nozzle pressure is controlled at 0.5-1 bar, and is continuously turned on.

[0013] Optionally, the synergic control logic of the finishing parameter package is: The wheel linear speed is controlled at 15-20 m / s, and the bearing ring linear speed is controlled at 2-3 m / s; The pre-positioned nozzle is controlled to be turned off; The main nozzle pressure is controlled at 1-2 bar, and is sprayed in an atomizing mode; The wheel rinsing nozzle pressure is controlled at 2-3 bar, and is operated in a short pulse mode of 1 second on / 4 seconds off; The post-positioned rinsing nozzle is controlled to be turned off during the grinding process, and is only turned on for final cleaning after the grinding is completed.

[0014] Optionally, the intelligent control system further comprises a real-time sensor feedback module, which receives signals from a power sensor for measuring the first motor power: When the power sensor detects that the first motor power exceeds the set threshold for 10 seconds, it is determined that there is a risk of wheel blockage, and a wheel cleaning mode is executed: immediately reduce the wheel speed to 70%-80% of the original speed, and activate the wheel rinsing nozzle to perform continuous high-pressure rinsing at a pressure of 8-10 bar, with a duration of at least 15 seconds; During the execution of the wheel cleaning mode, the power sensor readings are continuously monitored, and if the readings return below the safety threshold within 15 seconds, the wheel speed is automatically restored to the original set value, and the wheel rinsing nozzle is restored to the original working mode; if the readings still exceed the safety threshold after 15 seconds, the equipment is stopped and a maintenance warning is issued.

[0015] The power sensor monitors the first motor load in real time. When it is detected that the power exceeds the set threshold for 10 seconds, it is determined that the chip jam causes the grinding force to increase. The system immediately reduces the speed of the grinding wheel to 70-80%, reduces the centrifugal force to make the flushing liquid more easily penetrate the pores; At the same time, the pressure of the grinding wheel flushing nozzle is increased to 8-10bar to enhance the flushing force; After a 15-second cleaning cycle, the effect is evaluated to achieve adaptive recovery or early warning.

[0016] The intelligent anti-blocking mechanism can early detect and automatically handle the grinding wheel jamming risk, avoid developing into a serious failure, and prevent the risk of scratching the workpiece surface caused by the blocked grinding wheel.

[0017] Optionally, the sensor feedback module also receives signals from a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature at the grinding point; When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature at the grinding point exceeds a safety threshold, the pressure of the main nozzle is automatically increased by 0.3-0.7bar and the speed of the grinding wheel is reduced by 3%-8%.

[0018] Based on the same invention, the application also provides a grinding method for an automatic bearing ring grinding device, comprising the following steps: S1: Clamping the bearing ring on the bearing ring clamping and rotating mechanism; S2: Selecting the grinding stage through the intelligent control system; S3: The intelligent control system calls the corresponding process parameter package according to the selected stage, cooperatively starts the grinding wheel grinding mechanism and the bearing ring clamping and rotating mechanism, and controls the cooperative cooling system to work according to the set parameters, wherein the rotating directions of the grinding wheel and the bearing ring are controlled to be opposite to the linear velocity directions of both at the grinding contact point, realizing reverse grinding; S4: During the grinding process, the chips obtain initial kinetic energy under the action of reverse grinding, and are removed from the bearing ring under the joint action of the tangential jet of the main nozzle and the guide jet of the rear flushing nozzle; S5: After the grinding is completed, the bearing ring clamping and rotating mechanism stops rotating, and the cooperative cooling system is delayed to be closed according to the preset program.

[0019] After the equipment starts, the bearing rings are pressed together and rotate at a uniform speed, while the grinding wheel rotates in the opposite direction at high speed under the drive of the motor, forming reverse grinding with the workpiece at the contact point. In the collaborative cooling system, the front nozzle first sprays coolant at an inclined angle to pre-wet the workpiece surface and break through the air turbulence layer formed by the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel; the main nozzle then precisely injects coolant into the grinding arc area along the tangential direction of the grinding wheel, and under the action of the centrifugal force of the grinding wheel, the coolant is carried into the grinding point, while the chips are flushed out from the gaps in the grinding wheel; the grinding wheel flushing nozzle flushes the grinding wheel surface with a reverse high-pressure jet the moment the grinding wheel exits the grinding area, removing chips embedded in the pores; the rear flushing nozzle finally sweeps the machined surface at a specific angle to ensure that there are no residues on the surface. The entire process is achieved through precise coordination of each unit by an intelligent control system.

[0020] This equipment constructs a multi-stage synergistic cooling system through four complementary nozzles. The front nozzle breaks through the air barrier to create conditions for effective cooling, the main nozzle achieves core cooling of the grinding point and chip flushing, the grinding wheel flushing nozzle actively prevents grinding wheel clogging and maintains cutting ability, and the rear nozzle ensures the final cleaning effect. Compared with the traditional single-point cooling method, this systematic cooling solution can effectively eliminate the chip sintering phenomenon. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the bearing ring clamping and rotating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the polishing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The numbers on the map are: 1. Frame; 2. Grinding wheel; 3. Bearing ring; 4. Cooling cover; 5. Front nozzle; 6. Main nozzle; 7. Grinding wheel flushing nozzle; 8. Rear flushing nozzle; 9. Rotating frame; 10. Double threaded rod; 11. Clamping part; 12. Second motor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, an automated bearing ring grinding device includes: Rack 1; The grinding mechanism of the grinding wheel 2 is mounted on the frame 1 and includes a grinding wheel 2 for grinding the outer surface of the bearing ring 3 and a first motor for driving the grinding wheel 2 to rotate; the grinding mechanism of the grinding wheel 2 also includes an electric cylinder that can drive the first motor to move, thereby driving the grinding wheel 2 to move toward the bearing ring 3.

[0027] The bearing ring clamping and rotating mechanism is mounted on the frame 1 and is used to clamp and drive the bearing ring 3 to rotate. The synergistic cooling system includes: Cooling housing 4 is located around the grinding area between grinding wheel 2 and bearing ring 3. The front nozzle 5 is located at the front of the inner wall of the cooling cover 4, and its spray axis points to the area in front of the contact between the grinding wheel 2 and the bearing ring 3. The main nozzle 6 is located in the middle of the inner wall of the cooling cover 4, and its spray direction is parallel to the outer circle tangent of the grinding wheel 2, directly facing the grinding arc area. The rinsing nozzle of the grinding wheel 2 is located behind the grinding point on the inner wall of the cooling cover 4, and its spraying direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the grinding wheel 2. The rear flushing nozzle 8 is set on the inner wall of the cooling cover 4, and its spray axis points to the machined surface. The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the grinding mechanism of the grinding wheel 2, the bearing ring clamping and rotating mechanism, and the collaborative cooling system, and is used to collaboratively control the working parameters of each mechanism.

[0028] After the equipment starts, the bearing ring 3 is pressed against and rotates at a uniform speed, while the grinding wheel 2 rotates in the opposite direction at high speed under the drive of the motor, forming reverse grinding with the workpiece at the contact point. In the collaborative cooling system, the front nozzle 5 first sprays coolant at an inclined angle to pre-wet the workpiece surface and break through the air turbulence layer formed by the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel 2; the main nozzle 6 then precisely injects coolant into the grinding arc area along the tangential direction of the grinding wheel 2, and under the action of the centrifugal force of the grinding wheel 2, the coolant is carried into the grinding point, while the chips are flushed out from the gaps of the grinding wheel 2; the grinding wheel 2 flushing nozzle flushes the surface of the grinding wheel 2 with a reverse high-pressure jet the moment the grinding wheel 2 exits the grinding area, removing the chips embedded in the pores; the rear flushing nozzle 8 finally sweeps the processed surface at a specific angle to ensure that there are no residues on the surface. The entire process achieves precise coordination of each unit through an intelligent control system.

[0029] This equipment constructs a multi-stage synergistic cooling system through four complementary nozzles. The front nozzle 5 removes air barriers to create conditions for effective cooling, the main nozzle 6 achieves core cooling of the grinding point and chip flushing, the grinding wheel 2 flushing nozzle actively prevents the grinding wheel 2 from clogging and maintains cutting ability, and the rear nozzle ensures the final cleaning effect. Compared with the traditional single-point cooling method, this systematic cooling solution can effectively eliminate the chip sintering phenomenon.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the bearing ring clamping and rotating mechanism includes a rotating frame 9 rotatably mounted on the cooling cover 4, a bidirectional threaded rod 10 rotatably connected to the rotating frame 9, and clamping members 11 threadedly connected to both sides of the bidirectional threaded rod 10 for passing through the bearing ring 3 and clamping the bearing ring 3, the clamping members 11 being slidably connected to the rotating frame 9, and a second motor 12 driving the rotating frame 9 to rotate.

[0031] The core improvement of this mechanism lies in integrating clamping and rotation functions into one unit. The bidirectional threaded rod 10 rotates on the rotating frame 9 via a second motor 12, causing the clamping members 11 on both sides to move synchronously towards or away from each other, achieving automatic centering and clamping of the bearing ring 3. After clamping, the entire rotating frame 9, acting as the main rotating body, is driven to rotate uniformly by the second motor 12, causing the clamped bearing ring 3 to perform circular motion. The rotating frame 9 is directly mounted on the cooling cover 4, forming a stable support structure.

[0032] In some embodiments, the installation position of the flushing nozzle of the grinding wheel 2 satisfies the following condition: the point of tangency between its jet stream and the outer circle of the grinding wheel 2 is located after the grinding wheel 2 has exited the grinding contact area with the bearing ring 3 and before it has been re-immersed in the coolant atmosphere inside the cooling cover 4.

[0033] The flushing nozzle of the grinding wheel 2 is precisely positioned just after the grinding wheel 2 has left the grinding contact area with the workpiece and before it enters the area covered by the coolant curtain formed by the front and main nozzles 6. This timing ensures that the jet from the nozzle can act directly on the chip space, effectively stripping the chips using the mechanical impact and shearing force of the high-pressure reverse jet before the chips have been cooled and hardened and before they have been flushed back into the pores by other coolant.

[0034] In some embodiments, the intelligent control system includes a process parameter storage module and a parameter coordination control module; the process parameter storage module pre-stores at least three sets of process parameter packages corresponding to different grinding stages, including a rough grinding parameter package, a fine grinding parameter package, and a finishing parameter package; the parameter coordination control module is used to automatically call the corresponding process parameter package according to the selected grinding stage, and simultaneously set the rotation speed of the grinding wheel 2, the rotation speed of the bearing ring 3, and the pressure and start / stop mode of each nozzle.

[0035] The system's pre-stored process parameter package contains optimized parameters for the coordinated operation of various mechanisms. When the operator selects the grinding stage, the parameter coordination control module does not only call up a single speed or pressure value, but also simultaneously sets a complete combination of grinding wheel 2 speed, workpiece speed, and pressure, start-stop sequence, and working mode of each nozzle. For example, in the rough grinding stage, a coordinated strategy of "high grinding wheel 2 speed - low workpiece speed - continuous high pressure of all nozzles" is adopted to ensure that all parameters are matched to form an organic whole.

[0036] This one-click collaborative parameter call avoids the parameter mismatch problems that may occur when manually setting parameters step by step, such as the contradiction between high-speed grinding and low cooling pressure. It ensures that the equipment always operates in the optimal state of the process design and reduces the dependence on the technical experience of the operators.

[0037] In some embodiments, the collaborative control logic of the rough grinding parameter package is as follows: The linear velocity of grinding wheel 2 is controlled at 35-45 m / s, and the linear velocity of bearing ring 3 is controlled at 0.3-0.5 m / s, forming reverse grinding; Maintain the pressure of the front nozzle 5 at 2-3 bar and keep it continuously open; Main nozzle 6 pressure is controlled at 4-6 bar, and kept open continuously; Maintain the pressure of the rinsing nozzle of grinding wheel 2 at 6-8 bar, and keep it continuously open; Control the pressure of the rear flushing nozzle 8 to 1-2 bar, and operate in a pulse mode of 2 seconds on / 1 second off.

[0038] During the rough grinding stage, a relatively high grinding wheel linear velocity of 35-45 m / s is used in conjunction with a relatively low workpiece linear velocity of 0.3-0.5 m / s to create a strong reverse grinding effect, resulting in a significant upward splashing initial velocity for the chips. The pressure of the front nozzle 5 at 2-3 bar effectively breaks down air barriers. The pressure of the main nozzle 6 at 4-6 bar ensures sufficient cooling and chip flushing. The 6-8 bar flushing pressure of the grinding wheel 2 promptly removes a large amount of chips. The rear nozzle operates in pulse mode to ensure cleanliness while starting to save energy.

[0039] This parameter combination fully leverages the chip removal advantages of reverse grinding, and combined with powerful cooling, prevents thermal damage to the workpiece, providing a reliable process guarantee for large-mass grinding.

[0040] In some embodiments, the collaborative control logic of the fine grinding parameter package is as follows: The linear velocity of grinding wheel 2 is controlled at 25-35 m / s, and the linear velocity of bearing ring 3 is controlled at 0.8-1.2 m / s; Maintain the pressure of the front nozzle 5 at 1-2 bar and keep it continuously open; Maintain the pressure of main nozzle 6 at 2-3 bar and keep it continuously open; The pressure of the rinsing nozzle of the grinding wheel 2 is 4-5 bar, and it operates in an intermittent mode of opening for 3 seconds and closing for 2 seconds; Control the pressure of the rear flushing nozzle 8 to 0.5-1 bar and keep it continuously open.

[0041] During the fine grinding stage, a medium grinding wheel linear speed of 25-35 m / s is used in conjunction with a higher workpiece linear speed of 0.8-1.2 m / s, which ensures a certain cutting efficiency while reducing the load on a single abrasive grain. The pressure of each nozzle is appropriately reduced to an economical level, and the grinding wheel 2 flushing nozzle adopts an intermittent mode of opening for 3 seconds and closing for 2 seconds, which keeps the grinding wheel 2 clean and significantly reduces coolant consumption.

[0042] This parameter package maintains good machining quality while reducing cooling system energy consumption and coolant consumption through parameter optimization, achieving a good balance between machining accuracy and production cost, making it particularly suitable for mass production of precision machining.

[0043] In some embodiments, the collaborative control logic of the optical rectification parameter package is as follows: Control the linear velocity of grinding wheel 2 to 15-20 m / s, and the linear velocity of bearing ring 3 to 2-3 m / s; Control the front nozzle 5 to close; Control the pressure of the main nozzle 6 to 1-2 bar and spray in atomization mode; Control the pressure of the rinsing nozzle of grinding wheel 2 to 2-3 bar, and operate in a short pulse mode of 1 second on and 4 seconds off; The rear flushing nozzle 8 is controlled to be closed during the grinding process and only opened after grinding is completed for final cleaning.

[0044] The finishing stage employs a low grinding wheel linear speed of 15-20 m / s combined with a high workpiece linear speed of 2-3 m / s, primarily for polishing. The front nozzle 5 is closed to avoid interference with the finer process. The main nozzle 6 uses 1-2 bar atomization cooling to provide the minimum necessary cooling. Grinding wheel rinsing maintains basic cleanliness with short pulses. The rear nozzle is only opened during final cleaning. This parameter combination, through a simplified cooling strategy, reduces the potential impact of coolant on the ultra-fine surface while simultaneously reducing coolant consumption during the finishing stage.

[0045] In some embodiments, the intelligent control system further includes a real-time sensor feedback module that receives signals from a power sensor used to measure the power of the first motor. When the power sensor detects that the power of the first motor exceeds the set threshold for 10 consecutive seconds, it determines that there is a risk of clogging in the grinding wheel 2 and executes the grinding wheel 2 cleaning mode: immediately reduce the speed of the grinding wheel 2 to 70%-80% of the original speed, and at the same time activate the grinding wheel 2 flushing nozzle to perform continuous high-pressure flushing at a pressure of 8-10 bar for at least 15 seconds; During the cleaning mode of grinding wheel 2, the power sensor reading is continuously monitored. If the reading returns to below the safety threshold within 15 seconds, the speed of grinding wheel 2 is automatically restored to the original set value, and the cleaning nozzle of grinding wheel 2 is restored to the original working mode. If the reading still exceeds the safety threshold after 15 seconds, the equipment is stopped and a maintenance alarm is issued.

[0046] The power sensor monitors the load of the first motor in real time. When the power exceeds the set threshold for 10 consecutive seconds, it is determined that chip blockage is causing increased grinding force. The system immediately reduces the rotational speed of grinding wheel 2 to 70%–80% to reduce centrifugal force and make it easier for the rinsing fluid to penetrate the pores; at the same time, the pressure of the rinsing nozzle of grinding wheel 2 is increased to 8–10 bar to enhance the rinsing force; the effect is evaluated after a 15-second cleaning cycle to achieve adaptive recovery or early warning.

[0047] This intelligent anti-clogging mechanism can detect and automatically handle potential clogging of the grinding wheel 2 at an early stage, preventing it from developing into a serious malfunction, while also preventing the risk of scratching the workpiece surface by the clogged grinding wheel 2.

[0048] In some embodiments, the sensor feedback module also receives a signal from a temperature sensor used to measure the temperature at the grinding point; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature at the grinding point exceeds a safety threshold, it automatically increases the pressure of the main nozzle 6 by 0.3-0.7 bar and reduces the rotational speed of the grinding wheel 2 by 3%-8%.

[0049] Temperature sensors indirectly monitor the grinding zone status by measuring the temperature of the fixture or near-surface of the workpiece. When the temperature exceeds the safety threshold, the system simultaneously increases the pressure of the main nozzle 6 by 0.3-0.7 bar to enhance cooling intensity, while reducing the rotational speed of the grinding wheel 2 by 3% to 8% to reduce heat input, effectively controlling the grinding temperature within a safe range.

[0050] This overheat control strategy can quickly suppress temperature rise, effectively prevent thermal damage such as grinding burns and tempering softening of bearing steel workpieces, ensure the integrity of the microstructure on the workpiece surface, and reliably guarantee the fatigue life and wear resistance of the product.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, to further implement the present invention, the present invention also provides a grinding method for an automated bearing ring grinding equipment, comprising the following steps: S1: Clamp the bearing ring 3 onto the bearing ring abutment and rotation mechanism; S2: Select the grinding stage through the intelligent control system; S3: The intelligent control system calls the corresponding process parameter package according to the selected stage, coordinates the start of the grinding wheel 2 grinding mechanism and the bearing ring clamping and rotation mechanism, and controls the coordinated cooling system to work according to the set parameters. The rotation direction of the grinding wheel 2 and the bearing ring 3 is controlled so that their linear velocity directions are opposite at the grinding contact point, thus realizing reverse grinding. S4: During the grinding process, the chips gain initial kinetic energy to splash upward under the reverse grinding action, and are removed from the bearing ring 3 by the combined action of the tangential jet of the main nozzle 6 and the guide jet of the rear flushing nozzle 8. S5: After grinding is completed, the bearing rings are pressed against the rotating mechanism and stop rotating, and the cooling system shuts down after a preset delay.

[0052] This method, through a standardized process of clamping, selection, collaborative execution, and intelligent monitoring, first ensures the correct positioning of the workpiece; then, it selects a matching package of process parameters based on the processing requirements; during the execution phase, the intelligent control system strictly controls the operation of each unit according to the preset collaborative relationship, especially ensuring the timing and spatial coordination of the reverse grinding and the jets from each nozzle; during the grinding process, the chip splash kinetic energy generated by the reverse grinding, together with the tangential jet from the main nozzle 6 and the guiding jet from the rear nozzle, forms a chip removal force, which can effectively eliminate the chip sintering phenomenon.

[0053] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention includes the claims being limited to these examples; within the framework of the invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0054] This invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An automated grinding equipment for bearing rings, characterized in that, include: Rack (1); The grinding mechanism (2) is mounted on the frame (1) and includes a grinding wheel (2) for grinding the outer surface of the bearing ring (3) and a first motor for driving the grinding wheel (2) to rotate. The bearing ring clamping and rotating mechanism is set on the frame (1) and is used to clamp and drive the bearing ring (3) to rotate; The synergistic cooling system includes: A cooling cover (4) is provided around the grinding area between the grinding wheel (2) and the bearing ring (3). The front nozzle (5) is located at the front of the inner wall of the cooling cover (4), and its spray axis points to the area in front of the contact between the grinding wheel (2) and the bearing ring (3); The main nozzle (6) is located in the middle of the inner wall of the cooling cover (4), and its spray direction is parallel to the outer circle tangent of the grinding wheel (2) and directly faces the grinding arc area. The grinding wheel (2) flushing nozzle is located behind the grinding point on the inner wall of the cooling cover (4), and its spraying direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the grinding wheel (2); The rear flushing nozzle (8) is set on the inner wall of the cooling cover (4), and its spray axis points to the machined surface; The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the grinding mechanism of the grinding wheel (2), the bearing ring clamping and rotating mechanism, and the collaborative cooling system, and is used to collaboratively control the working parameters of each mechanism.

2. The automated bearing ring grinding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing ring clamping and rotating mechanism includes a rotating frame (9) rotatably mounted on the cooling cover (4), a bidirectional threaded rod (10) rotatably connected to the rotating frame (9), and clamping members (11) threadedly connected to both sides of the bidirectional threaded rod (10) for passing through the bearing ring (3) and clamping the bearing ring (3). The clamping members (11) are slidably connected to the rotating frame (9), and a second motor (12) for driving the rotating frame (9) to rotate.

3. The automated bearing ring grinding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation position of the rinsing nozzle of the grinding wheel (2) satisfies the following condition: the point of tangency between its jet stream and the outer circle of the grinding wheel (2) is located after the grinding wheel (2) exits the grinding contact area with the bearing ring (3) and has not yet been re-immersed in the coolant atmosphere inside the cooling cover (4).

4. The automated bearing ring grinding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control system includes a process parameter storage module and a parameter coordination control module. The process parameter storage module pre-stores at least three sets of process parameter packages corresponding to different grinding stages, including a rough grinding parameter package, a fine grinding parameter package, and a finishing parameter package. The parameter coordination control module is used to automatically call the corresponding process parameter package according to the selected grinding stage, and simultaneously set the grinding wheel (2) speed, bearing ring (3) speed, and the pressure and start / stop mode of each nozzle.

5. The automated bearing ring grinding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The collaborative control logic of the rough grinding parameter package is as follows: The linear speed of the grinding wheel (2) is controlled to be 35-45 m / s, and the linear speed of the bearing ring (3) is 0.3-0.5 m / s, forming reverse grinding; Control the pressure of the front nozzle (5) to 2-3 bar and keep it open continuously; Maintain the pressure of the main nozzle (6) at 4-6 bar and keep it continuously open; The pressure of the grinding wheel (2) flushing nozzle is controlled at 6-8 bar and kept continuously open; Control the pressure of the rear flushing nozzle (8) to 1-2 bar, and operate in a pulse mode of 2 seconds on / 1 second off.

6. The automated bearing ring grinding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The collaborative control logic of the fine grinding parameter package is as follows: The linear velocity of the grinding wheel (2) is controlled to be 25-35 m / s, and the linear velocity of the bearing ring (3) is controlled to be 0.8-1.2 m / s; Control the pressure of the front nozzle (5) to 1-2 bar and keep it open continuously; Maintain the pressure of the main nozzle (6) at 2-3 bar and keep it open. The pressure of the rinsing nozzle of the grinding wheel (2) is 4-5 bar, and it is operated in an intermittent mode of opening for 3 seconds and closing for 2 seconds; Control the pressure of the rear flushing nozzle (8) to 0.5-1 bar and keep it continuously open.

7. The automated bearing ring grinding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The collaborative control logic of the optical rectification parameter package is as follows: The linear velocity of the grinding wheel (2) is controlled to be 15-20 m / s, and the linear velocity of the bearing ring (3) is controlled to be 2-3 m / s; Control the front nozzle (5) to close; Control the pressure of the main nozzle (6) to 1-2 bar and spray in atomization mode; Control the pressure of the grinding wheel (2) flushing nozzle to 2-3 bar, and operate in a short pulse mode of 1 second on / 4 seconds off; The post-rinse nozzle (8) is closed during the grinding process and is only opened after the grinding is completed for final cleaning.

8. The automated bearing ring grinding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The intelligent control system further includes a real-time sensor feedback module, which receives signals from a power sensor used to measure the power of the first motor. When the power sensor detects that the power of the first motor exceeds the set threshold for 10 seconds, it determines that there is a risk of blockage in the grinding wheel (2) and executes the grinding wheel (2) cleaning mode: immediately reduce the speed of the grinding wheel (2) to 70%-80% of the original speed, and at the same time activate the grinding wheel (2) flushing nozzle to perform continuous high-pressure flushing at a pressure of 8-10 bar for at least 15 seconds; During the cleaning mode of the grinding wheel (2), the power sensor reading is continuously monitored. If the reading returns to below the safety threshold within 15 seconds, the grinding wheel (2) speed is automatically restored to the original set value, and the grinding wheel (2) flushing nozzle is restored to the original working mode. If the reading still exceeds the safety threshold after 15 seconds, the equipment is stopped and a maintenance alarm is issued.

9. The automated bearing ring grinding equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sensor feedback module also receives signals from a temperature sensor used to measure the temperature at the grinding point; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature at the grinding point exceeds the safety threshold, it automatically increases the pressure of the main nozzle (6) by 0.3-0.7 bar and reduces the rotational speed of the grinding wheel (2) by 3%-8%.

10. A grinding method based on the automated grinding equipment for bearing rings as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Clamp the bearing ring (3) onto the bearing ring abutting and rotating mechanism; S2: Select the grinding stage through the intelligent control system; S3: The intelligent control system calls the corresponding process parameter package according to the selected stage, coordinates the grinding mechanism of the grinding wheel (2) and the bearing ring clamping and rotating mechanism, and controls the coordinated cooling system to work according to the set parameters. The rotation direction of the grinding wheel (2) and the bearing ring (3) is controlled so that their linear velocity directions are opposite at the grinding contact point, thus realizing reverse grinding. S4: During the grinding process, the chips gain initial kinetic energy to splash upward under the action of reverse grinding, and are removed from the bearing ring (3) by the combined action of the tangential jet of the main nozzle (6) and the guide jet of the rear flushing nozzle (8). S5: After grinding is completed, the bearing rings are pressed against the rotating mechanism and stop rotating, and the cooling system shuts down after a preset delay.

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