Output shaft surface grinding device for mechanical manufacturing

Abstract

The application provides a mechanical manufacturing output shaft surface grinding device, and relates to the grinding field. The mechanical manufacturing output shaft surface grinding device comprises a rack, a clamping and rotating mechanism for clamping and driving the rotation of an output shaft, a grinding wheel for grinding the surface of the output shaft, an elliptical profile of the grinding wheel enables the grinding wheel to form a point contact with the surface of the output shaft, a fixing frame fixed relative to the rack, and a connecting piece rotatably installed on the fixing frame. The mechanical manufacturing output shaft surface grinding device adopts an elliptical grinding wheel to realize a point contact grinding mode, so that the grinding wheel is always single-point attached to the output shaft, the grinding area is open, and the grinding dust is removed by cooperating with the cooling liquid and the flexible magnetic dust collection device, thereby avoiding the surface scratches and the pulling caused by the grinding dust being rolled into and crushed, greatly improving the surface quality of the workpiece, and the elliptical grinding wheel can swing with the grinding depth to form a continuously changing point contact, thereby reducing the single-point grinding force and the thermal stress concentration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding, specifically to a grinding device for the surface of an output shaft used in mechanical manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] In mechanical manufacturing, surface grinding of shaft parts is a core process to ensure their dimensional accuracy and surface quality. In the grinding equipment currently widely used, the grinding wheel and the surface of the output shaft to be processed are usually in line contact mode. Although this can ensure processing efficiency, the metal chips generated during the grinding process are easily pressed into the line contact area between the continuously rotating grinding wheel and the workpiece. Due to the concentrated contact pressure and the limited chip discharge channel, these chips are repeatedly crushed on the workpiece surface under high pressure, resulting in scratches and roughening on the machined surface. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a grinding device for the surface of output shafts in mechanical manufacturing, which solves the problem of scratches and roughening on the machined surface.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a grinding device for the surface of an output shaft in mechanical manufacturing, comprising a frame, a clamping and rotating mechanism for clamping and driving the output shaft to rotate, the clamping and rotating mechanism being a three-jaw chuck, the three-jaw chuck being connected to a drive motor for driving its rotation, the drive motor also being used to drive the three-jaw chuck and the output shaft to reciprocate linearly along the frame to achieve the feed action during the grinding process, and further comprising:

[0005] A grinding wheel, used to grind the surface of the output shaft, has an elliptical profile, so that the grinding wheel and the surface of the output shaft make point contact. There are several grinding wheels, which are arranged in a circle and make contact with the output shaft together. A flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve is fitted around the outer circumference of the grinding wheels. The inner wall of the flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve fits against the outer circumferential surface of each grinding wheel to form an arc-shaped surface that matches the surface of the output shaft, which is used to adsorb metal waste generated during the grinding process.

[0006] The mounting bracket is fixed relative to the machine frame.

[0007] The connector is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame.

[0008] The rotating shaft of the grinding wheel is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting piece, which can swing around a fixed fulcrum on the fixed frame, thereby changing the contact point between the grinding wheel and the output shaft.

[0009] Preferably, a slide rail is fixedly installed on the frame, a slide frame is slidably connected inside the slide rail, a feed frame is fixedly installed on the slide frame, an inclined limiting rail is provided on the feed frame, a pulley is slidably installed inside the limiting rail, a connecting rod is rotatably installed on the outer circumference of the pulley, a central rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting rod, a lead screw is rotatably installed inside the slide rail, and the lead screw is threadedly connected to the slide frame.

[0010] Preferably, a fixing kit is fixedly installed on the connector, and a plug rod is slidably installed inside the fixing kit. One end of the plug rod is fixedly connected to the fixing kit with a spring, and one end of the grinding wheel is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged insertion holes that are adapted to the plug rod.

[0011] Preferably, a fan-shaped nozzle is fixedly installed on the outer side of the flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve. The water inlet end of the fan-shaped nozzle is used to connect to an external water pipe, and its spray end sprays coolant toward the working surface of the grinding wheel.

[0012] Preferably, the frame is provided with a groove for collecting coolant, and the groove is located below the flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: It uses an elliptical grinding wheel with point contact grinding, ensuring the wheel always contacts the output shaft at a single point. The grinding zone is open, and with the help of coolant flushing and flexible magnetic chip collection, it avoids surface scratches and roughening caused by grinding chips being caught and crushed, significantly improving the surface quality of the workpiece. The elliptical grinding wheel can oscillate with the grinding depth, forming continuously changing point contact, reducing single-point grinding force and thermal stress concentration, effectively preventing grinding chips from being pressed into the workpiece surface. The grinding wheel can be quickly repositioned via a rod and spring, switching to an unworn area to continue working after local wear, extending the grinding wheel life, reducing replacement frequency, and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing frame and connector of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feed frame of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the side view of the grinding wheel and flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connector and fixing kit of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding wheel, pulley, and connecting rod of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the groove of the present invention.

[0022] Among them, 1. Frame; 2. Clamping and rotating mechanism; 3. Grinding wheel; 301. Central rotating shaft; 4. Fixing frame; 5. Connecting piece; 6. Feeding frame; 7. Pulley; 8. Connecting rod; 9. Fixing kit; 10. Insert rod; 11. Insertion hole; 12. Flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve; 13. Fan-shaped nozzle; 14. Groove. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a surface grinding device for output shafts in mechanical manufacturing includes a frame 1 and a clamping and rotating mechanism 2 for clamping and driving the output shaft to rotate. The clamping and rotating mechanism 2 is a three-jaw chuck, which is connected to a drive motor that drives its rotation. The drive motor can also drive the three-jaw chuck and the output shaft to reciprocate linearly along the frame 1 to achieve the feed action during the grinding process. The drive motor is fixed on a sliding seat, which is mounted on the frame 1 via a guide rail pair. The sliding seat is connected to a feed drive mechanism, which can be a combination of a servo motor and a ball screw pair conventional in the art. It is used to drive the sliding seat and the three-jaw chuck to reciprocate linearly along the frame 1 to achieve axial feed grinding. During operation, the drive motor drives the three-jaw chuck and the output shaft to rotate, while the feed drive mechanism drives the three-jaw chuck to move axially, so that the output shaft contacts the elliptical grinding wheel 3 to complete the grinding process. A slide rail is fixedly installed, and a slide frame is slidably connected inside the slide rail. A feed frame 6 is fixedly installed on the slide frame, and an inclined limit rail is provided on the feed frame 6. A pulley 7 is slidably installed inside the limit rail, and a connecting rod 8 is rotatably installed on the outer circumference of the pulley 7. The central rotating shaft 301 is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting rod 8. The slide rail and the fixed frame 4 work together to support the grinding wheel 3. A lead screw is rotatably installed inside the slide rail and is threadedly connected to the slide frame. One end of the lead screw is used to connect to an external servo motor. The servo motor drives the lead screw to rotate, which in turn causes the feed frame 6 to move the limit rail. The linear motion of the slide frame can be converted into pressure on the grinding wheel 3 through the inclined rail, realizing the adjustment of the grinding pressure of the grinding wheel 3. The frame 1 is provided with a groove 14 for collecting coolant. The groove 14 is located below the flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve 12 and can collect the coolant escaping from the flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve 12 and some of the waste chips washed down.

[0024] Grinding wheels 3, used for grinding the surface of the output shaft, have an elliptical profile, ensuring point contact between the grinding wheels 3 and the output shaft surface. Several grinding wheels 3 are arranged circumferentially and collectively contact the output shaft, expanding single-point contact to multi-point synchronous contact. This significantly increases the total effective contact area between the grinding wheels 3 and the output shaft, greatly improving grinding efficiency and shortening processing time. Furthermore, by applying force evenly at multiple points, the roundness and surface quality of the ground output shaft are further improved. A flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve 12 is fitted around the outer circumference of each grinding wheel 3. The inner wall of the flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve 12 fits against the outer circumferential surface of each grinding wheel 3, forming a contact with the outer circumference. The output shaft surface has a matching arc-shaped surface for adsorbing metal shavings generated during grinding. The flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve 12 is in a taut state. The flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve 12 can adsorb the metal shavings generated during grinding, preventing shavings from splashing or getting into the grinding area and causing scratches. The flexible sleeve is supported by the grinding wheel 3 to form a matching arc shape, which can also collect metal shavings for easy recycling. A fan-shaped nozzle 13 is fixedly installed on the outside of the flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve 12. The water inlet end of the fan-shaped nozzle 13 is used to connect to the external water pipe. Its spray end sprays coolant towards the working surface of the grinding wheel 3. The fan-shaped nozzle 13 can cover the grinding point of the grinding wheel 3 to prevent overheating and burning.

[0025] The mounting bracket 4 is fixedly installed on the frame 1.

[0026] The connector 5 is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame 4. A fixing kit 9 ​​is fixedly mounted on the connector 5. A plug rod 10 is slidably mounted inside the fixing kit 9. A spring is fixedly connected between one end of the plug rod 10 and the fixing kit 9. One end of the grinding wheel 3 is provided with several circumferentially arranged insertion holes 11 that are adapted to the plug rod 10. When the spring is in a static state, the plug part of the plug rod 10 is located in the insertion hole 11. On the one hand, it can quickly and reliably fix the grinding wheel 3 and ensure grinding stability. On the other hand, when the grinding wheel 3 is partially worn, the spring force can release the plug rod 10, allowing the grinding wheel 3 to rotate at an angle, so that the unworn surface of the grinding wheel 3 can take over the work, thereby effectively extending the service life of the grinding wheel 3, reducing the frequency of downtime to replace the grinding wheel 3, and improving production efficiency.

[0027] The rotating shaft of the grinding wheel 3 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting piece 5. The connecting piece 5 can swing around the fixed fulcrum on the fixed frame 4, so that the contact point between the grinding wheel 3 and the output shaft changes accordingly. During the rotation, the elliptical profile grinding wheel 3 always contacts the surface of the output shaft at a single point, ensuring continuous point contact grinding and avoiding chip trapping and scratches. Because the point contact area is small, it means that the total grinding force is dispersed in a very small area. The unit pressure is high, but the total cutting force is greatly reduced. This weakens the plowing and scratching effect of the individual abrasive grains of the grinding wheel 3 on the workpiece material, making it less likely to produce deep scratches. In the point contact area, the coolant jet of the fan-shaped nozzle 13 can impact the grinding point, not only removing heat, but more importantly, because there is an angle between the grinding wheel 3 and the output shaft, it can promptly wash away the generated fine grinding chips, preventing them from being rolled back into the workpiece surface and forming chip trapping or scratches.

[0028] In use, the output shaft is fixed by the clamping and rotating mechanism 2 (such as a three-jaw chuck) and driven to rotate by the drive motor. This is the basic motion for grinding. To further achieve automation, the drive motor and the three-jaw chuck are mounted on the sliding seat as a whole. Driven by the guide rail pair and the feed drive mechanism (such as a servo motor and ball screw pair), it can move precisely in a straight line along the axis of the frame 1, ensuring that the grinding wheel 3 can perform continuous and uniform grinding on the entire length of the output shaft.

[0029] Next, in order to control the grinding depth and pressure, the elliptical grinding wheel 3 is connected to the connecting piece 5, which can swing around the fulcrum on the fixed frame 4, through its central rotating shaft 301. The screw is driven to rotate by an external servo motor, which drives the slide and the feed frame 6 on it to move. When the feed frame 6 moves towards the grinding wheel 3, the limit rail will squeeze the pulley 7 inside it. The pulley 7 transmits the force to the central rotating shaft 301 of the grinding wheel 3 through the connecting rod 8. The central rotating shaft 301 drives the grinding wheel 3 to squeeze the output shaft. This not only increases the grinding depth, but also disperses the grinding force and heat due to the small contact area. Moreover, the contact point changes with the grinding depth, making it difficult for grinding chips to accumulate in a fixed position and reducing the probability of chip trapping.

[0030] It should be noted that, since the stationary elliptical grinding wheel 3 cannot naturally form a continuous and stable point contact with the rotating output shaft surface, if the grinding wheel 3 is simply fixed, the contact with the output shaft will either be a line (leading to surface contact grinding) or it will cause wear due to uneven pressure. By allowing the connecting piece 5 to swing around the fixed fulcrum, the position and angle of the grinding wheel 3 relative to the output shaft can be continuously changed. This minute adjustment ensures that at any given moment, only one precise point on the elliptical profile of the grinding wheel 3 is in contact with the output shaft surface. In traditional surface contact grinding, a large amount of grinding debris and heat are concentrated in a narrow area, which is prone to wear due to pressure. Excessive force can cause metal lattices to be squeezed into the output shaft, forming hard-to-remove slag or surface damage layers. By continuously changing the contact point, each grinding point is subjected to a short-term load, avoiding the accumulation and indentation of grinding debris in local areas. Similarly, because the grinding energy is distributed across multiple points, it avoids phase transformation of the output shaft surface structure (i.e., grinding burn) caused by local overheating. Furthermore, the grinding wheel 3 is allowed to adapt to the shape error of the output shaft (such as slight taper or ellipticity) within its working surface range, automatically compensating through changes in the contact point. This improves machining accuracy and yield without increasing equipment complexity.

[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A grinding device for the surface of an output shaft in mechanical manufacturing, comprising a frame (1) and a clamping and rotating mechanism (2) for clamping and driving the output shaft to rotate, characterized in that, Also includes: The grinding wheel (3) is used to grind the surface of the output shaft. Its outline is elliptical, so that the grinding wheel (3) and the surface of the output shaft form a point contact. The mounting bracket (4) is fixed relative to the frame (1); The connector (5) is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame (4); The rotating shaft of the grinding wheel (3) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting piece (5). The connecting piece (5) can swing around the fixed fulcrum on the fixed frame (4), so that the contact point between the grinding wheel (3) and the output shaft changes accordingly. A slide rail is fixedly installed on the frame (1), a slide frame is slidably connected inside the slide rail, a feed frame (6) is fixedly installed on the slide frame, an inclined limit rail is provided on the feed frame (6), a pulley (7) is slidably installed inside the limit rail, a connecting rod (8) is rotatably installed on the outer circumference of the pulley (7), the central rotating shaft (301) is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting rod (8), a lead screw is rotatably installed inside the slide rail, and the lead screw is threadedly connected to the slide frame; The number of grinding wheels (3) is several. The several grinding wheels (3) are arranged in a circle and contact the output shaft together. The outer circumference of the several grinding wheels (3) is covered with a flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve (12). The inner wall of the flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve (12) is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of each grinding wheel (3) to form an arc-shaped surface that matches the surface of the output shaft, which is used to adsorb metal waste generated during the grinding process.

2. The output shaft surface grinding device for mechanical manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and rotating mechanism (2) is a three-jaw chuck. The three-jaw chuck is connected to a drive motor that drives its rotation. The drive motor can also be used to drive the three-jaw chuck and the output shaft to move back and forth in a straight line along the frame (1) to realize the feed action in the grinding process.

3. The output shaft surface grinding device for mechanical manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing kit (9) is fixedly installed on the connector (5). A plug rod (10) is slidably installed inside the fixing kit (9). A spring is fixedly connected between one end of the plug rod (10) and the fixing kit (9). One end of the grinding wheel (3) is provided with several circumferentially arranged plug holes (11) that are adapted to the plug rod (10).

4. The output shaft surface grinding device for mechanical manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fan-shaped nozzle (13) is fixedly installed on the outside of the flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve (12). The water inlet end of the fan-shaped nozzle (13) is used to connect with the water pipe outside, and its spray end sprays coolant towards the working surface of the grinding wheel (3).

5. The output shaft surface grinding device for mechanical manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with a groove (14) for collecting coolant, and the groove (14) is located below the flexible magnetic adsorption sleeve (12).

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