Low-installation-height linear laser scanning road surface flatness high-precision detection device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of road engineering detection, and discloses a low-installation-height line laser scanning road surface flatness high-precision detection device which comprises a bearing plate, a line laser scanning sensor which is installed on the bearing plate and scans a road surface at a low installation height, and a cleaning mechanism used for guaranteeing cleanliness of the sensor. The protection assembly is installed on the bearing plate, and the line laser scanning sensor is installed in the protection assembly; the cleaning mechanism comprises an active cleaning assembly used for cleaning macroscopic sundries and an active dust cleaning assembly used for cleaning the optical window, and the cleaning mechanism and the line laser scanning sensor are both installed on the bearing plate so that synchronous adjustment of a cleaning path and a scanning path can be achieved. System-level low-frequency vibration isolation is achieved through the cushioning moving assembly and the cushioning spring of the cushioning moving assembly; sensor-level high-frequency fine vibration isolation is realized through a cushioning sliding block and a shock absorber in the protection assembly, stable and clean work of the sensor under low installation is ensured, and high-precision detection is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road engineering inspection technology, and in particular to a high-precision road surface smoothness detection device using low-installation-height line laser scanning. Background Technology

[0002] Road surface smoothness is one of the key indicators for evaluating road surface performance and construction quality. Among existing road surface smoothness testing technologies, three-dimensional inspection systems based on vehicle-mounted line laser scanning sensors have been widely used due to their high efficiency and non-contact characteristics.

[0003] Currently, most line laser scanning sensors in these vehicle-mounted detection systems are installed at a high altitude. This means the sensor is mounted on the roof of the vehicle or on a high-mounted crossbeam (e.g., 1.5 to 2.5 meters above the ground). The main purpose of this high installation is to keep the sensor away from the road surface, avoiding contamination from dust, water spray, and mud splashes generated during driving, and also away from the severe vibrations transmitted from the vehicle chassis, thus ensuring the cleanliness of the sensor's optical window and the stability of data acquisition.

[0004] However, this high-mounting method has an inherent and insurmountable drawback: the lever arm effect. Due to the high sensor mounting height, the inevitable pitch and roll angle changes of the vehicle during driving are amplified by the huge mounting height (lever arm), resulting in an error of several centimeters in the measurement point of the laser spot on the road surface. The error model caused by this change in attitude angle is very complex and difficult to fully and accurately compensate for through subsequent algorithms (such as combining POS inertial navigation data). This has become the main bottleneck limiting the accuracy of existing detection systems (usually at the centimeter level).

[0005] Therefore, the industry once had the idea of ​​adopting a low-mounting method, that is, trying to install the sensor near the vehicle chassis (for example, less than 500 mm from the ground) to physically eliminate the lever arm effect and convert the angular error into a vertical heave error that is easy to handle.

[0006] However, this low-mounting method faces insurmountable technical obstacles in practical applications. Placing the sensor near the chassis exposes it directly to the highly polluted area behind the wheels. During high-speed driving, splashes of mud, sand, and dust quickly obscure the optical window, causing data acquisition to fail rapidly. Simultaneously, this location is one of the areas of most intense vehicle vibration. The sensor must withstand low-frequency, high-amplitude impacts from road bumps, as well as high-frequency, minute vibrations transmitted from the engine and vehicle body structure. Existing conventional vibration damping measures struggle to cope with this complex vibration environment simultaneously, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratios and compromised measurement accuracy.

[0007] Furthermore, existing detection devices employing low-mounted designs suffer from shortcomings in terms of passability and safety. To achieve detection accuracy, sensors must maintain extremely low ground clearance, resulting in very low tolerance for changes in road surface terrain. When the detection vehicle travels through sections of road with abrupt changes in gradient (such as transition zones between inclines and declines) or encounters high road surface protrusions or obstacles, the existing passive suspension structure cannot anticipate and react to the terrain ahead. This causes the low-mounted precision sensors to be highly susceptible to rigid collisions or scrapes with the road surface. Such physical impacts not only directly damage expensive laser scanning components but also disrupt optical path calibration, preventing the equipment from operating safely and continuously under complex road conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision road surface smoothness detection device using low-height line laser scanning, which aims to solve the problems of extreme pollution, complex vibration and insufficient passability that cannot be effectively addressed when using a low installation method to eliminate the lever arm effect in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-precision road surface smoothness detection device using low-installation-height line laser scanning, comprising: A support plate; a line laser scanning sensor is mounted on the support plate; the line laser scanning sensor is electrically connected to an analysis controller; a cleaning mechanism is provided on one side of the bottom of the support plate; a height detection and avoidance component is provided at the front of the support plate; a shock-absorbing structure is provided at the bottom of the support plate, the shock-absorbing structure includes a shock-absorbing moving component and a protective component; The cleaning mechanism includes an active sweeping component, a conical protective cover, and an active dust removal component. The active dust removal component includes an air jet frame, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate. Two sets of air jets with different angles are installed on both sides of the air jet frame. An installation plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the support plate. An air pump is provided on the top of the installation plate. The output end of the air pump is connected to the interior of the air jet frame through an air pipe.

[0010] Preferably, both ends of the bearing plate are slidably connected to telescopic plates, and limit T-blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the telescopic plates. Two fastening bolts are threaded to the top of the bearing plate for fixing the telescopic plates by pressure. A limit groove is opened on the top of the bearing plate, and the bottom of the analysis controller is slidably connected to the inside of the limit groove through two moving plates. Two mounting holes are symmetrically opened at the ends of the telescopic plates, and an inner limit groove is opened inside the bearing plate.

[0011] Preferably, a main slider is slidably connected inside the inner limiting groove, and an electric push rod is installed inside the inner limiting groove. The output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to one side of the main slider by bolts.

[0012] Preferably, the active cleaning assembly includes a connecting frame, a horizontal plate fixedly connected to the center of the inner side of the connecting frame, a drive motor mounted on the bottom of the horizontal plate by bolts, an inner groove formed at the bottom of the inner side of the connecting frame, a drive gear mounted at the center of the inner groove, driven gears mounted on both sides of the drive gear and meshing with the drive gear, a rotating shaft fixedly connected inside each of the two driven gears, a cleaning head mounted at the bottom of the rotating shaft, a cover plate mounted on the top of the inner groove, the rotating shaft rotatably connected inside the connecting frame and the cover plate, a limit ring rotatably connected to the top of the rotating shaft, and the bottom of the limit ring abutting against the top of the cover plate.

[0013] Preferably, the shock-absorbing moving assembly includes multiple mounting brackets, and the mounting brackets are equipped with moving wheels through an inner shaft. A connecting rod is inserted into the mounting hole, and a connecting plate is installed at the bottom of the connecting rod. A shock-absorbing spring is provided on the outer side of the connecting rod, between the telescopic plate and the connecting plate. The multiple mounting brackets are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the connecting plate by bolts.

[0014] Preferably, a vehicle frame is fixedly connected to the front side of the connecting plate for connecting to an external towing vehicle.

[0015] Preferably, the protective component includes an integrated protective cover, an optical window installed at the bottom of the integrated protective cover, a sealing ring installed at the top of the integrated protective cover, a hollow interior of the main slider and a shock-absorbing slider installed thereon, and multiple shock absorbers symmetrically arranged between the shock-absorbing slider and the main slider.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the line laser scanning sensor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the damping slider, and the output end of the line laser scanning sensor is connected to the analysis controller via a data transmission line.

[0017] Preferably, the height detection and avoidance component includes a front lifting plate and a partition plate, which are respectively fixedly connected to the front ends of the telescopic plate and the connecting plate. A servo motor is provided at the top front of the telescopic plate, and a lead screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor. The lead screw is threadedly connected to the inside of the front lifting plate. A sleeve is installed between the partition plate and the front lifting plate. A detection rod is slidably connected inside the sleeve. The detection rod is slidably connected to the inside of the front lifting plate. A displacement sensor is installed on the top of the partition plate.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of tension springs are arranged around the inner side of the bottom of the sleeve and the top of the probe rod, the input end of the displacement sensor abuts against the top of the probe rod, and the output end of the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the analysis controller via a circuit.

[0019] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This invention employs a low installation height design, mounting the line laser scanning sensor at the bottom of the support plate, less than 500 mm from the ground. Compared to traditional high-installation schemes, this invention physically significantly shortens the lever arm caused by changes in vehicle pitch and roll attitude, eliminating the main source of error amplified by angle errors. This transforms the measurement error model into a vertical heave error that is easily compensated for by the analysis controller, thus ensuring sub-millimeter-level detection accuracy.

[0020] 2. This invention incorporates a complete cleaning mechanism that, through the coordinated operation of an active cleaning component and an active dust removal component, ensures end-to-end cleaning of the sensor's optical window. This solves the problem of sensor contamination leading to data failure during low-mounted installations, ensuring the device's continuous operation and data reliability in harsh environments.

[0021] 3. This invention uses a shock-absorbing moving component as a system-level vibration damping device to isolate low-frequency, high-amplitude impacts transmitted from the road surface; and a protective component as a sensor-level fine vibration damping device to filter high-frequency, minute vibrations transmitted from the equipment itself and the chassis. This hierarchical decoupling design ensures that the line laser scanning sensor remains highly stable even under severe vibrations, guaranteeing the signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy of the acquired data.

[0022] 4. This invention uses a front-mounted detection rod and displacement sensor to pre-detect sudden changes in the slope of the road ahead. The displacement sensor detects these changes and sends the signals to the analysis controller, which then activates the servo motor and lead screw mechanism in real time, driving the front lifting plate to actively raise itself before reaching the slope. This closed-loop control design fundamentally solves the major safety hazard of physical impact to core components caused by road undulations in low-mounted installation schemes, greatly improving the device's survivability and operational reliability under complex road conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic plate of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conical protective cover of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main slider of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated protective cover of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shock absorber of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning head of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connecting frame of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the jet frame structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of B in the middle; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve of the present invention.

[0024] The components include: 1. Analysis controller; 2. Shock-absorbing moving assembly; 201. Mounting bracket; 202. Moving wheel; 203. Connecting plate; 204. Connecting rod; 205. Shock-absorbing spring; 206. Vehicle frame; 3. Bearing plate; 301. Telescopic plate; 302. Limiting T-block; 303. Fastening bolt; 304. Limiting groove; 305. Mounting hole; 306. Inner limiting groove; 307. Main slider; 308. Electric push rod; 4. Cleaning mechanism; 41. Active cleaning assembly; 411. Connecting bracket; 412. Horizontal plate; 413. Drive motor; 414. Cover plate; 415. Limiting ring; 416. Cleaning head; 417. Inner groove; 418. Rotating shaft; 4 19. Driving gear; 420. Driven gear; 42. Conical protective cover; 43. Active dust removal assembly; 431. Air jet frame; 432. Air jet head; 433. Air pump; 434. Mounting plate; 435. Air pipe; 5. Protective assembly; 501. Integrated protective cover; 502. Optical window; 503. Sealing ring; 504. Shock absorber slider; 505. Shock absorber; 6. Line laser scanning sensor; 601. Data transmission line; 7. Height detection and avoidance assembly; 701. Front lifting plate; 702. Partition plate; 703. Servo motor; 704. Lead screw; 705. Displacement sensor; 706. Detection rod; 707. Sleeve; 708. Tension spring. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 13 The present invention will be further described in detail below.

[0026] The present invention provides a low-installation-height line laser scanning high-precision road surface smoothness detection device, in which all functional components are integrated and installed around a support plate 3 system. This support plate 3 forms the main base of the entire device, and it is flexibly connected to the detection vehicle through a set of shock-absorbing moving components 2. This connection is ultimately rigidly fixed to the vehicle chassis or frame via a vehicle-mounted frame 206. A cleaning mechanism 4 is securely bolted to one side of the bottom of the support plate 3; simultaneously, the line laser scanning sensor 6 is also precisely mounted on the support plate 3 via a protective component 5. This integrated layout allows all collected data to be conveniently aggregated to the analysis controller 1 for centralized processing via a data transmission line 601.

[0027] The bearing plate 3 itself is a precision adjustable mechanical structure used to solve the adaptation problem of different roads and vehicle models. The two ends of the internal structure are slidably connected to the telescopic plate 301, and the two ends of the telescopic plate 301 are slidably connected and accommodated therein, thereby realizing a large range of lateral adjustment at the meter level, so as to ensure that the line laser scanning sensor 6 can cover the wheel track of different grades of highways.

[0028] To ensure stability after adjustment, limit T-blocks 302 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the telescopic plate 301. When the fastening bolts 303 are tightened, the ends of the fastening bolts 303 apply downward pressure, generating sufficient static friction through the limit T-blocks 302 or directly on the surface of the telescopic plate 301, so that it can maintain its fixed position even under severe vibration. In addition, one or more limit grooves 304 are provided on the top of the bearing plate 3. The bottom of the analyzer controller 1 is slidably connected to the inside of the limit groove 304 through a matching slider to facilitate adjustment of the installation position of the analyzer controller 1.

[0029] Building upon the aforementioned macroscopic adjustments, this invention also provides a high-precision fine-tuning mechanism. An inner limiting groove 306 is machined on the support plate 3, and this inner limiting groove 306 has a high-precision guide surface, in which the base of the main slider 307 protective assembly 5 is slidably connected. The housing of the electric push rod 308 is fixed inside the support plate 3, and its output end is bolted to one side of the main slider 307. The operator can send commands through the analysis controller 1 to precisely control the extension length of the electric push rod 308, thereby driving the main slider 307 to perform millimeter-level or even sub-millimeter-level fine translation within the inner limiting groove 306. This function is crucial for accurately aligning with the actual wheel track after the vehicle is started.

[0030] The main body of the cleaning mechanism 4 is fixed to the frame of the support plate 3, while the main body of the protective assembly 5 for mounting the sensor is fixed to the main slider 307, which itself is housed within the support plate 3. This rigidly integrated mounting layout ensures that, regardless of whether the support plate 3 system undergoes macroscopic adjustment of the telescopic plate 301 or microscopic adjustment of the main slider 307, the cleaning mechanism 4 and the line laser scanning sensor 6 always maintain a fixed relative position and are synchronously translated as a rigid whole. This ensures that the cleaning path is always precisely located in front of the scanning path, eliminating the possibility of the sensor scanning an uncleaned area due to adjustment, and ensuring the absolute effectiveness of the cleaning function under low mounting conditions.

[0031] To address contamination issues during low-level installation, the cleaning mechanism 4 provides a comprehensive three-stage protection system. The first stage consists of the active cleaning component 41 at the front of the device, whose connecting frame 411 and horizontal plate 412 form a robust rigid frame. The drive motor 413 is bolted to the bottom of the horizontal plate 412, and its output shaft is connected to the drive gear 419. The drive gear 419 is located between two driven gears 420 and meshes with both simultaneously. A rotating shaft 418 is fixedly connected inside the driven gear 420, and a wear-resistant cleaning head 416, such as a high-density nylon bristle, is mounted at the bottom of the rotating shaft 418. The entire gear transmission mechanism is precisely housed within the inner groove 417 of the connecting frame 411 and sealed and protected by a cover plate 414 to prevent mud and sand intrusion. The top of the rotating shaft 418 is axially limited by a limiting ring 415. This structure efficiently distributes the single power of the drive motor 413 to the two sweeping heads 416 through a reliable gear system, enabling them to rotate at high speed, for example in opposite directions, thereby actively and forcibly sweeping away macroscopic debris such as stones and fallen leaves from the road surface.

[0032] The second stage is the conical protective cover 42, which is physically fixed behind the active cleaning component 41. Utilizing its conical cross-section, it guides splashed mud and gravel to both sides through aerodynamics and physical obstruction during high-speed travel, preventing them from directly impacting the sensor component behind it.

[0033] The third stage involves the active dust removal component 43. An air pump 433, such as a high-pressure vortex blower, is fixed to a mounting plate 434 on the outside of the support plate 3. Its output is connected to the internal air chamber of the jet frame 431 via a high-pressure air pipe 435. The jet frame 431 is fixed to the bottom of the support plate 3, with two sets of jet heads 432 at different angles on both sides facing the optical window 502 of the line laser scanning sensor 6, simultaneously covering the dust area raised by the active cleaning component 41. They continuously jet high-pressure airflow, forming a powerful air curtain that actively blows away attached micro-dust and impacting water mist, ensuring the absolute cleanliness of the optical window 502.

[0034] The shock-absorbing structure of this invention employs a two-stage decoupled design of system-level coarse vibration isolation and sensor-level fine vibration isolation to cope with the complex vibration environment during low-level installation. The first stage, the shock-absorbing moving component 2, forms a flexible connection between the load-bearing plate 3 and the vehicle. Multiple mounting brackets 201, internally fitted with casters 202, are symmetrically bolted to the outside of the connecting plate 203 for easy installation and maintenance. A vehicle-mounted frame 206 is fixedly connected to the front of the connecting plate 203 for rigid connection to the external inspection vehicle frame. One end of the connecting rod 204 is inserted into the mounting hole 305 of the telescopic plate 301, and the other end is connected to the connecting plate 203. A shock-absorbing spring 205, such as a large-stroke helical spring, is positioned on the outside of the connecting rod 204, with its two ends abutting between the telescopic plate 301 and the connecting plate 203, respectively. This structure, through the large-stroke compression and rebound of the shock-absorbing spring 205, effectively absorbs and isolates low-frequency, high-amplitude impacts from road bumps, joint impacts, etc., preventing their transmission to the main system of the load-bearing plate 3.

[0035] The second stage, protective component 5, is used for fine filtering of high-frequency vibrations. The main slider 307 is hollow inside, and the top of the line laser scanning sensor 6 is firmly fixed to the bottom of the damping slider 504. The damping slider 504 is floatingly housed within the internal cavity of the main slider 307, and multiple shock absorbers 505 are symmetrically arranged between the two, i.e., between the outer wall of the damping slider 504 and the inner wall of the main slider 307. This two-stage damping design ensures that high-frequency, minute vibrations from the engine and chassis are effectively absorbed and attenuated by the shock absorbers 505 when transmitted to the main slider 307, thereby ensuring the stability of the line laser scanning sensor 6 and guaranteeing the signal-to-noise ratio of optical measurements.

[0036] Finally, the protective component 5 also includes an integrated protective cover 501, whose top is sealed to the main slider 307 via a sealing ring 503, and whose bottom is fitted with a high-transmittance, high-strength, and scratch-resistant optical window 502. This structure completely seals the precision components such as the line laser scanning sensor 6 and the shock-absorbing slider 504, achieving a high level of waterproofing and dustproofing, ensuring the device's all-weather operation capability. In actual operation, under the coordinated protection of the aforementioned multiple mechanical structures, the line laser scanning sensor 6 stably and cleanly projects laser light onto the road surface through the optical window 502 and receives reflected signals. The collected raw data is connected to the analysis controller 1 via the data transmission line 601. The analysis controller 1, combined with the real-time attitude and position data provided by the POS inertial navigation system (not shown), performs precise coordinate transformation and heave compensation on the sensor data to calculate the final high-precision road surface smoothness data.

[0037] To address the significant safety hazard of rigid impact between the low-mounted line laser scanning sensor 6 at the bottom of the device and the road surface when the road surface undergoes slope changes, this invention further incorporates a height detection and avoidance component 7. This component is integrated between the support plate 3 and the shock-absorbing moving component 2, forming a closed-loop control system comprised of an active lifting mechanism and a front-mounted detection mechanism. Specifically, the front-mounted lifting plate 701 of the active lifting mechanism is fixedly connected to the front end of the telescopic plate 301, while the partition plate 702 is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting plate 203. A servo motor 703 mounted on the front-mounted lifting plate 701 drives a lead screw 704 to rotate, which in turn engages with a threaded connection fixed inside the partition plate 702. The front-mounted detection mechanism is mounted on the partition plate 702, and its detection rod 706 can slide freely up and down within a sleeve 707, maintaining a downward detection trend via a tension spring 708. The detection end of the displacement sensor 705 abuts against the top of the detection rod 706 for real-time monitoring of its displacement.

[0038] In actual operation, when the detection rod 706, acting as a sentinel, first contacts the ramp or protrusion ahead and is lifted upwards, the displacement sensor 705 immediately detects the axial displacement and sends a warning signal to the analysis controller 1. The analysis controller 1 then instructs the servo motor 703 to start, rapidly increasing the vertical distance between the front lifting plate 701 and the partition 702 via the lead screw 704. This lifting action is completed before the online laser scanning sensor 6 and the cleaning mechanism 4 reach the danger point, actively raising the entire support plate 3 to a safe height, thereby achieving predictive obstacle avoidance and active protection for the low-installed core components.

[0039] Working principle: The support plate 3 serves as the main base and is connected to the vehicle via the shock-absorbing moving assembly 2. Specifically, the vehicle frame 206 of the shock-absorbing moving assembly 2 is connected to the connecting plate 203, and the connecting plate 203 is connected to the telescopic plate 301 via the mounting hole 305 through the connecting rod 204 and the shock-absorbing spring 205. The bottom of the analysis controller 1 is slidably mounted in the limiting groove 304 on the top of the support plate 3.

[0040] The support plate 3 has a two-stage adjustment structure: a telescopic plate 301 is slidably connected inside the support plate 3, and its position is locked by a limiting T-block 302 and a fastening bolt 303. A main slider 307 is slidably connected to the inner limiting groove 306 of the support plate 3, and the output end of an electric push rod 308 is fixedly connected to one side of the main slider 307. The analysis controller 1 is electrically connected to the electric push rod 308, which drives the main slider 307 to translate within the inner limiting groove 306.

[0041] The height detection and avoidance component 7 is integrated at the connection between the support plate 3 and the shock-absorbing moving component 2. A front lifting plate 701 is fixedly connected to the front end of the telescopic plate 301, and a partition plate 702 is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting plate 203. A servo motor 703 is mounted on the front lifting plate 701, driving a lead screw 704 to rotate. The lead screw 704 is threadedly connected to the partition plate 702, thereby changing the distance between them to achieve the lifting and lowering of the support plate 3. A detection rod 706 is slidably mounted in a sleeve 707 on the partition plate 702 and is held downwards by a tension spring 708. A displacement sensor 705 is mounted on the partition plate 702 and detects the displacement of the detection rod 706. Both the displacement sensor 705 and the servo motor 703 are electrically connected to the analysis controller 1 for slope detection and active avoidance.

[0042] The cleaning mechanism 4 is fixed to the support plate 3. In the active cleaning assembly 41, the drive motor 413 is connected to the drive gear 419, which meshes with the driven gears 420 on both sides. The driven gears 420 are connected to the rotating shaft 418, which is connected to the cleaning head 416. This gear transmission mechanism is housed in the inner groove 417 and sealed by the cover plate 414, and the top of the rotating shaft 418 is limited by the limiting ring 415. The conical protective cover 42 is fixed to the rear of the active cleaning assembly 41. The air pump 433 is located on the mounting plate 434 and connected to the jet mount 431 via the air pipe 435. The jet head 432 on the jet mount 431 points towards the area of ​​the optical window 502.

[0043] The base main slider 307 of the protective component 5 is slidably connected to the internally accommodated shock-absorbing slider 504 in the inner limiting groove 306. A shock absorber 505 is disposed between the inner wall of the main slider 307 and the outer wall of the shock-absorbing slider 504. A line laser scanning sensor 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shock-absorbing slider 504. An integrated protective cover 501 is connected to the main slider 307 via a sealing ring 503, and an optical window 502 is installed at the bottom of the integrated protective cover 501.

[0044] Finally, the line laser scanning sensor 6 is electrically connected to the analysis controller 1 via the data transmission line 601.

Claims

1. A high-precision road surface smoothness detection device using low-installation-height line laser scanning, characterized in that, include: A support plate (3); a line laser scanning sensor (6) is installed on the support plate (3); the line laser scanning sensor (6) is electrically connected to an analysis controller (1); a cleaning mechanism (4) is provided on one side of the bottom of the support plate (3); a height detection and avoidance component (7) is provided at the front of the support plate (3); a shock-absorbing structure is provided at the bottom of the support plate (3), the shock-absorbing structure includes a shock-absorbing moving component (2) and a protective component (5); The cleaning mechanism (4) includes an active cleaning component (41), a conical protective cover (42), and an active dust removal component (43). The active dust removal component (43) includes a jet frame (431), which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate (3). Two sets of jet heads (432) with different angles are installed on both sides of the jet frame (431). An installation plate (434) is fixedly connected to the outside of the support plate (3). An air pump (433) is provided on the top of the installation plate (434). The output end of the air pump (433) is connected to the inside of the jet frame (431) through an air pipe (435).

2. The low-installation-height line laser scanning high-precision road surface smoothness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing plate (3) has telescopic plates (301) slidably connected to both ends inside. The telescopic plates (301) are symmetrically provided with limit T-blocks (302) on both sides. The top of the bearing plate (3) is threaded with two fastening bolts (303) for fixing the telescopic plates (301) by pressure. The top of the bearing plate (3) is provided with a limit groove (304). The bottom of the analysis controller (1) is slidably connected to the inside of the limit groove (304) through two moving plates. The ends of the telescopic plates (301) are symmetrically provided with two mounting holes (305). The inside of the bearing plate (3) is provided with an inner limit groove (306).

3. The low-installation-height line laser scanning high-precision road surface smoothness detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner limiting groove (306) is slidably connected to the main slider (307), and an electric push rod (308) is installed inside the inner limiting groove (306). The output end of the electric push rod (308) is fixedly connected to one side of the main slider (307) by bolts.

4. The low-installation-height line laser scanning high-precision road surface smoothness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active cleaning assembly (41) includes a connecting frame (411), a horizontal plate (412) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the connecting frame (411), a drive motor (413) is bolted to the bottom of the horizontal plate (412), an inner groove (417) is provided on the bottom of the inner side of the connecting frame (411), a drive gear (419) is installed at the center of the inner groove (417), and driven gears (420) are installed on both sides of the drive gear (419), and both are connected to the drive gear (419). The two driven gears (420) are meshed with each other, and a rotating shaft (418) is fixedly connected inside each of them. A cleaning head (416) is installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft (418), and a cover plate (414) is installed at the top of the inner groove (417). The rotating shaft (418) is rotatably connected inside the connecting frame (411) and the cover plate (414). A limiting ring (415) is rotatably connected to the top of the rotating shaft (418), and the bottom of the limiting ring (415) abuts against the top of the cover plate (414).

5. The low-installation-height line laser scanning high-precision road surface smoothness detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shock-absorbing moving assembly (2) includes multiple mounting brackets (201), and a moving wheel (202) is installed inside the mounting bracket (201) via an inner shaft. A connecting rod (204) is inserted into the mounting hole (305). A connecting plate (203) is installed at the bottom of the connecting rod (204). A shock-absorbing spring (205) is provided between the outer side of the connecting rod (204), the telescopic plate (301), and the connecting plate (203). Multiple mounting brackets (201) are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the connecting plate (203) by bolts.

6. The low-installation-height line laser scanning high-precision road surface smoothness detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The front side of the connecting plate (203) is fixedly connected to a vehicle frame (206) for connecting to an external towing vehicle.

7. The low-installation-height line laser scanning high-precision road surface smoothness detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective component (5) includes an integrated protective cover (501), an optical window (502) is installed at the bottom of the integrated protective cover (501), a sealing ring (503) is installed at the top of the integrated protective cover (501), the main slider (307) is hollow inside and a shock-absorbing slider (504) is installed thereon, and multiple shock absorbers (505) are symmetrically arranged between the shock-absorbing slider (504) and the main slider (307).

8. The low-installation-height line laser scanning high-precision road surface smoothness detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the line laser scanning sensor (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the damping slider (504), and the output end of the line laser scanning sensor (6) is connected to the analysis controller (1) through the data transmission line (601).

9. The low-installation-height line laser scanning high-precision road surface smoothness detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The height detection and avoidance component (7) includes a front lifting plate (701) and a partition plate (702), which are fixedly connected to the front ends of the telescopic plate (301) and the connecting plate (203), respectively. A servo motor (703) is vertically installed at the top front of the telescopic plate (301). The output end of the servo motor (703) is connected to a lead screw (704) through a coupling. The lead screw (704) is threaded inside the front lifting plate (701). A sleeve (707) is installed between the partition plate (702) and the front lifting plate (701). A detection rod (706) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (707). The detection rod (706) is slidably connected inside the front lifting plate (701). A displacement sensor (705) is installed on the top of the partition plate (702).

10. The low-installation-height line laser scanning high-precision road surface smoothness detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Multiple tension springs (708) are arranged around the inner bottom of the sleeve (707) and the top of the probe rod (706). The input end of the displacement sensor (705) abuts against the top of the probe rod (706), and the output end of the displacement sensor (705) is electrically connected to the analysis controller (1) through a line.

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