Variable-wall-thickness combined shaped charge liner
By using a variable wall thickness combined shaped charge liner design, and utilizing dissimilar materials to reflect rarefaction waves, the jet morphology is stabilized, solving the problems of poor continuity and insufficient energy utilization in traditional linear shaped charge jets, and achieving a more efficient cutting effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511808700.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
AI Technical Summary
Traditional linear shaped charge jets have poor jet continuity and insufficient energy utilization. They are also prone to breakage during penetration, making it difficult to meet the requirements for rapid cutting of linear targets or large-area structures.
A variable wall thickness combined propellant liner is adopted, including a main propellant liner and a secondary propellant liner, which are made of dissimilar materials with wave impedance matching. The main propellant liner and the secondary propellant liner reflect rarefaction waves through the interface of dissimilar materials, providing lateral continuous constraint, stabilizing the jet shape, and improving energy utilization.
This creates a more stable jet, increasing the cutting depth and effective cutting length, and enhancing the damage efficiency to the target.
Smart Images
Figure CN121576863A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ammunition, in particular to a variable-wall-thickness combined liner. BACKGROUND
[0002] Linear shaped charge, also known as planar symmetric shaped charge, is an extension and development of shaped charge technology. As a highly efficient damage means, it has been widely used in both military and civilian fields. Traditional shaped charge mainly forms a high-speed metal jet through an axisymmetric structure to achieve point-to-point penetration of the target, showing good penetration ability in dealing with armored targets. However, with the diversification of modern battlefield environment and task types, especially in time-sensitive scenarios such as urban warfare, battlefield rapid rescue, and obstacle removal, the single jet formed by traditional shaped charge has limitations in terms of action range and damage width, making it difficult to meet the rapid cutting needs of linear targets or large-area structures. In order to overcome the above limitations, linear shaped charge not only retains the core advantages of shaped charge, but also has the characteristics of large jet quality and wide jet width, realizing the upgrade of point-to-surface to line-to-surface damage mode, and significantly improving the damage efficiency.
[0003] As the core functional element of linear shaped charge, the structure form and material properties of the liner directly determine the shape, continuity and final penetration power of the jet. At present, the common linear shaped charge mostly adopts a single-body wedge-shaped liner structure. However, this type of structure has several inherent defects in practical application: first, the formed jet has poor continuity and is prone to breakage during penetration, affecting the cutting consistency; second, the proportion of the pestle body is relatively high, resulting in insufficient energy utilization, limiting the quality and speed of the effective jet; in addition, since the existing structure is mostly made of a single metal material, under the condition of limited charge length, the two ends are easily disturbed by the end rarefaction wave, causing uneven distribution of jet quality along the length direction, which seriously affects the overall performance. In the forming process of the traditional wedge-shaped liner, the linear jet is stretched and thinned in the longitudinal direction, while it is also stretched in the transverse direction. The shape of the linear jet is unstable. Moreover, the actual charge used is of finite length. In the ideal case, after the center point is initiated, the detonation wave propagates to both ends, and the head shape of the jet will be an arc shape with high middle and low ends. The shorter the charge, the more obvious the phenomenon. When the detonation wave propagates through the end of the charge, the rarefaction wave will interfere with the jet, causing a large number of strip-shaped fractures in the end region of the unstable linear jet, and the energy is dispersed, significantly reducing the penetration ability of the end.
[0004] These problems directly lead to the actual cutting effect is not ideal: cutting profile presents the uneven morphology of middle deep and both ends shallow, the overall cutting depth is insufficient, and the effective cutting length is difficult to meet the performance requirements of specific military fortifications on linear shaped charge. SUMMARY
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a variable wall thickness combined liner with strong cutting ability.
[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problem is: a variable wall thickness combined liner, characterized in that: comprising a main liner and a plurality of auxiliary liners; the plurality of auxiliary liners are arranged at both ends of the main liner; the main liner and the auxiliary liner are made of different materials with matched wave impedance.
[0007] Preferably, the auxiliary liner is two and arranged at both ends of the main liner.
[0008] Preferably, the auxiliary liner comprises an integrally formed first shell and a second shell arranged on both sides of the first shell, and the first shell is a bending part with an inner diameter of 4-6 mm.
[0009] Preferably, the wall thickness of the first shell is 1.2-1.6 mm, the second shell comprises a thickening part connected with the first shell and an equal thickness part connected with the thickening part, the wall thickness of the equal thickness part is 1.8-2.2 mm; the wall thickness of the thickening part linearly increases from the connection with the first shell to the connection with the equal thickness part. The second shell is divided into upper and lower parts in a certain proportion, the upper part is the thickening part, and the lower part is the equal thickness part, the overall structure is similar to a double-angle wedge-shaped cover, the manufacturing process is simpler, and a jet with small internal velocity gradient, high mass ratio and good continuity can be formed under the action of detonation driving. The thicker the wall thickness, the better the continuity of the jet, but the lower the velocity of the jet head, and if the wall thickness is too thin, the structural strength may be insufficient to form a jet according to the design; it is known from the numerical simulation results that the wall thickness of the first shell is 1.4 mm and the wall thickness of the equal thickness part is 2 mm.
[0010] The variable wall thickness structure combines the structural characteristics of the existing double-angle wedge-shaped cover and the variable wall thickness liner. The existing double-angle wedge-shaped cover is an equal wall thickness structure with a large upper wedge angle and a small lower wedge angle, which is to increase the continuity of the jet by sacrificing the velocity of the jet head by increasing the upper wedge angle. The disadvantage of this structure is that the double-angle inflection point is obviously convex, thus reducing the charge amount and weakening the detonation energy. The existing variable wall thickness wedge-shaped cover structure has the structural characteristics of thin top and thick bottom, and the inner and outer cover surfaces have different slopes. The advantages of this structure are that it can improve the energy utilization rate and optimize the jet velocity and stability. The disadvantage is that it has high processing requirements.
[0011] The variable wall thickness structure of the present application only needs to remove a certain slope thickness outside a certain proportion of the upper region of the equal wall thickness liner, so as to realize the characteristics of the existing double-angle and variable wall thickness structure, form a variable thickness part and an equal thickness part, obtain good jet continuity and high energy utilization rate of the liner, and be easier to process.
[0012] Preferably, the outer side wall of the variable thickness part gradually extends outward from the connection between the variable thickness part and the first shell to the connection with the equal thickness part.
[0013] In order to clamp the main liner and the auxiliary liner and prevent the two from being displaced in the transverse direction, preferably, the two sides of the main liner are each provided with a first step, the side surface of the auxiliary liner forms a mounting groove with a second step, the first step abuts against the second step and is arranged in the mounting groove to connect the main liner and the auxiliary liner.
[0014] Preferably, the depth of the mounting groove is 1.9-2.1 mm.
[0015] The material of the main liner and the auxiliary liner has multiple selection modes, preferably, the main liner is oxygen-free copper; and the auxiliary liner is pure iron.
[0016] Preferably, the interface between the main liner and each auxiliary liner is an inclined interface, the included angle between the interface and the vertical direction is 6.5-8.5°, and the length ratio of the top of the main liner to the top of each auxiliary liner is 1.5-3.5:1.
[0017] Preferably, the distance between the connection between the variable thickness part and the equal thickness part of the two second shells is d, and the distance between the other ends of the two equal thickness parts is D; d:D is 0.4-0.6.
[0018] The dissimilar material is arranged in the form of an auxiliary liner at both ends of the main liner, which functions to continuously constrain the main liner jet in the transverse direction through the auxiliary liner jet during the jet forming process, stabilize the shape of the main liner jet, concentrate the energy of the main liner jet in the longitudinal direction, and weaken the rarefaction wave through the interface reflection, thereby protecting the main liner jet, making the position of the head of the main liner jet flush in the length direction of the charge, and significantly increasing the proportion of the high-energy region of the combined liner compared with the single liner, so that the effective cutting length of the combined structure is longer than that of the single liner, basically the length of the charge, and the cutting depth is also improved to a certain extent. Finally, the variable wall thickness structure and the combined structure are combined to have a beneficial effect on the cutting depth and the effective cutting length of the target.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present application are that the main drug cover is the main penetration unit, the auxiliary drug cover is the regulation unit, the two are reflected by sparse waves through the difference in acoustic impedance of different materials, and the influence of the end sparse wave on the jet of the main drug cover is weakened through the material interface effect; in the jet forming process, the jet formed by the main drug cover will appear obvious multi-section strip fracture in the deformation process of transverse stretching and longitudinal thinning and under the triple action of the influence of the end sparse wave, and the jet head also shows the trend of high in the middle and low at both ends in the length direction, and after adding the auxiliary drug cover at both ends, the jet of the auxiliary drug cover can provide mechanical support for the jet of the main drug cover, achieve the continuous constraint effect in the transverse direction, and the material interface effect weakens the influence of the sparse wave on the jet of the main drug cover, so that the continuous stretching of the jet of the main drug cover in the transverse direction can be inhibited in the jet forming stage, the energy of the jet of the main drug cover is concentrated in the longitudinal direction, the purpose of regulating the linear jet shape is achieved, and the combined drug cover has a significantly increased proportion of high-energy area under the protection of the auxiliary drug cover compared with the single drug cover, so the effective cutting length of the combined structure is longer than that of the single drug cover, and the cutting depth is also improved to some extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 is a front view of an embodiment; Figure 2 is a left view of an embodiment; Figure 3 is a front view of a main drug cover of an embodiment; Figure 4 is a top view of a main drug cover of an embodiment; Figure 5 is a front view of an auxiliary drug cover of an embodiment; Figure 6 is a bottom view of an auxiliary drug cover of an embodiment; Figure 7 is a sectional view of an embodiment; Figure 8 is a schematic view of the cooperation of a first step and a second step of an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings. EMBODIMENT
[0022] As shown in Figures 1-8 , it is a preferred embodiment of the present application.
[0023] As shown in Figure 1As shown, a variable wall thickness combined propellant liner includes a main propellant liner 1 and two auxiliary propellant liner 2; the main propellant liner 1 and the auxiliary propellant liner 2 are made of dissimilar materials with impedance matching; the two auxiliary propellant liner 2 are respectively disposed at both ends of the main propellant liner 1. In this embodiment, the main propellant liner 1 is oxygen-free copper; the auxiliary propellant liner 2 is industrial pure iron. In other embodiments, the main propellant liner 1 and the auxiliary propellant liner 2 can also be made of other dissimilar materials with impedance matching, such as copper and nickel.
[0024] The auxiliary drug liner 2 includes an integrally formed first shell 21 and second shells 22 disposed on both sides of the first shell 21. The first shell 21 is a bent portion with an inner diameter of 5 mm. The wall thickness of the first shell 21 is 1.4 mm. The second shell 22 includes a thickened portion 221 connected to the first shell 21 and a constant-thickness portion 222 connected to the thickened portion 221. The wall thickness of the constant-thickness portion 222 is 2 mm. The wall thickness of the thickened portion 221 increases linearly from the connection point with the first shell 21 to the connection point with the constant-thickness portion 222. The main drug liner 1 has a similar structure to the auxiliary drug liner 2, also including a second shell 22 with a thickened portion 221 and a constant-thickness portion 222, and a first shell 21 with a bent portion with an inner diameter of 5 mm.
[0025] The outer wall of the thickened portion 221 gradually extends outward from the connection point between the thickened portion 221 and the first housing 21 to the connection point with the equal-thickness portion 222. The loading port diameter of both the main drug shaped charge shroud 1 and the auxiliary drug shaped charge shroud 2 is 68 mm, and the inner wedge angle is 85°. The length ratio of the top of the main drug shaped charge shroud 1 to the top of each auxiliary drug shaped charge shroud 2 is 2.5:1. In this embodiment, the top length of the main drug shaped charge shroud 1 is 71.4 mm, and the top length of the auxiliary drug shaped charge shroud 2 is 14.3 mm. In other embodiments, the top lengths of the main drug shaped charge shroud 1 and the auxiliary drug shaped charge shroud 2 can be adjusted as needed.
[0026] like Figure 8 As shown, the main drug shaped cover 1 has a first step on both sides, and correspondingly, the auxiliary drug shaped cover 2 has a mounting groove 23 with a second step on its side. The first step and the second step abut against each other and are located in the mounting groove 23 to connect the main drug shaped cover 1 and the auxiliary drug shaped cover 2, and to prevent the main drug shaped cover 1 and the auxiliary drug shaped cover 2 from moving relative to each other. The mounting groove 23 has a depth of 2 mm and a width of 1 mm.
[0027] The interface between the main propellant shroud 1 and each auxiliary propellant shroud 2 is an inclined interface, with an angle of 7.5° to the vertical direction. Let d be the distance between the connection points of the thickened portions 221 and the equal-thickness portions 222 of the two second shells 22, and let D be the distance between the other ends of the two equal-thickness portions 222; d:D = 0.5. Under this distance ratio, the maximum velocity of the jet head is 3524 m / s, and the maximum length before jet breakage is 51.84 mm. The maximum velocity of the jet head and the length before jet breakage are optimally balanced. Comparative Example Compared with the embodiment, the primary liner of the comparative example is made of oxygen-free copper, and the secondary liner is made of pure aluminum, and other structures are similar to the embodiment.
[0028] When the detonation wave propagates from the center to the two ends, the wave impedance determines the energy efficiency of the detonation wave propagation in the two materials and the initial response speed of the materials, thereby affecting the speed of the deformation of the liner. The wave impedance of aluminum is much lower than that of copper, so aluminum can receive more energy for deformation. Therefore, during the forming process, the primary and secondary liner jets will show a "front and back" jet characteristic, and then under the influence of the end rarefaction wave, the secondary liner jets at both ends will gather to the primary liner area. It not only fails to form an effective mechanical support to the end of the primary liner jet and thus play a continuous constraint effect, but also interferes with the forming direction of the primary liner jet, hinders the normal formation of the primary liner jet, and greatly weakens the cutting ability of the primary liner jet as the main cutting unit. Under normal circumstances, after the wave impedance of the heterogeneous materials is matched, although there is a deformation time difference between the primary and secondary liners of the heterogeneous materials in the embodiment when the detonation wave propagates from the center to the two ends, the matched primary and secondary jets can still achieve the form feature of "head to head", and the overall speed gradient between them is relatively compatible. The secondary liner jet can normally play a role in the end constraint of the primary liner jet during the forming process of the primary liner jet, concentrate the energy of the primary liner jet, and weaken the influence of the rarefaction wave on the primary liner jet through the reflection of the heterogeneous material interface.
Claims
1. A variable wall thickness combined shaped charge liner, characterized in that: It includes a main drug cover (1) and multiple auxiliary drug covers (2); the multiple auxiliary drug covers (2) are located at both ends of the main drug cover (1); the main drug cover (1) and the auxiliary drug covers (2) are made of dissimilar materials with matching wave impedance.
2. The variable wall thickness combined shaped charge liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two auxiliary drug covers (2), which are respectively located on both sides of the main drug cover (1).
3. The variable wall thickness combined shaped charge liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary drug cover (2) includes an integrally formed first shell (21) and a second shell (22) disposed on both sides of the first shell (21). The first shell (21) is a bent part with an inner diameter of 4-6 mm.
4. The variable wall thickness combined shaped charge liner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first housing (21) has a wall thickness of 1.2-1.6 mm, and the second housing (22) includes a variable thickness portion (221) connected to the first housing (21) and a constant thickness portion (222) connected to the variable thickness portion (221). The wall thickness of the constant thickness portion (222) is 1.8-2.2 mm. The wall thickness of the variable thickness portion (221) increases linearly from the connection point with the first housing (21) to the connection point with the constant thickness portion (222).
5. The variable wall thickness combined shaped charge liner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the thickened portion (221) gradually extends outward from the connection between the thickened portion (221) and the first shell (21) to the connection between the thickened portion (221) and the equal-thickness portion (222).
6. The variable wall thickness combined shaped charge liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main drug shaped cover (1) has a first step on both sides, and the auxiliary drug shaped cover (2) has a mounting groove (23) with a second step on its side. The first step and the second step abut against each other and are located in the mounting groove (23) to connect the main drug shaped cover (1) and the auxiliary drug shaped cover (2).
7. The variable wall thickness combined shaped charge liner according to claim 6, characterized in that: The depth of the mounting groove (23) is 1.9-2.1 mm.
8. The variable wall thickness combined shaped charge liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main drug liner (1) is made of oxygen-free copper; the auxiliary drug liner (2) is made of pure iron.
9. The variable wall thickness combined shaped charge liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interface between the main drug liner (1) and each auxiliary drug liner (2) is an inclined interface, and the angle between the interface and the vertical direction is 6.5-8.5°; the length ratio of the top of the main drug liner (1) to the top of each auxiliary drug liner (2) is 1.5-3.5:
1.
10. The variable wall thickness combined shaped charge liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: Let d be the distance between the connection points of the thickened portions (221) and the equal-thickness portions (222) of the two second shells (22), and let D be the distance between the other ends of the two equal-thickness portions (222); d:D is 0.4-0.6.