BIM (Building Information Modeling)-based prefabricated part construction process digital simulation optimization method

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM (Building Information Modeling)-based prefabricated part construction process digital simulation optimization method, which comprises the following steps of: performing energy consumption analysis on different simulation construction schemes, and screening out a first construction scheme; traversing the plurality of prefabricated part combination templates from the case library, calculating the matching degree between the construction condition of each prefabricated part combination template and the construction demand of the first construction scheme, and judging whether the matching degree is greater than a first preset threshold value or not; if yes, taking the template with the highest priority as a component design scheme; if not, the construction requirement of the first construction scheme is input into the prefabricated part recommendation algorithm, and the output component combination serves as a component design scheme; and generating a target construction scheme according to the first construction scheme and the component design scheme, and performing construction process simulation and optimization verification through the BIM model. According to the method, the energy consumption of the construction scheme is considered, the target construction scheme can be rapidly and reasonably provided, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects of the construction scheme are achieved on the premise of meeting project requirements.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of BIM, and particularly relates to a BIM-based digital simulation optimization method for prefabricated component construction process. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the current prefabricated building design and construction process planning, there are still many short boards to be solved. For example, when formulating a construction scheme, an engineer often mainly focuses on the construction period, direct cost and basic function implementation, and generally ignores the greenization, resource consumption and energy saving and environmental protection of the construction process itself. In the decision of prefabricated component selection and construction process combination, the current still highly depends on personal experience and historical cases, and lacks systematic quantitative analysis of component production energy consumption, transportation efficiency, on-site assembly energy efficiency and whole life cycle sustainability. This extensive decision-making mode leads to the fact that the selected component and process combination do not match well with the deep energy saving needs of the project, so that the inherent environmental protection advantage of prefabricated building cannot be fully played.

[0003] In addition, this traditional design method relying on manual experience is easy to find feasibility problems in subsequent simulation verification or actual construction, so as to cause repeated modification and adjustment of the construction scheme. This not only significantly increases the work burden of the design personnel, greatly slows down the scheme decision and optimization efficiency, but also directly affects the overall construction progress and delivery cycle of the project, and finally is difficult to guarantee the economic benefit and environmental benefit of the project. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present application provides a BIM-based digital simulation optimization method for prefabricated component construction process.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a BIM-based digital simulation optimization method for prefabricated component construction process, which comprises:

[0006] Obtaining a plurality of simulated construction schemes, performing energy consumption analysis on the construction process of different simulated construction schemes through a BIM model, and screening a simulated construction scheme meeting a preset condition as a first construction scheme;

[0007] Traversing a plurality of prefabricated component combination templates from a construction case library, determining construction conditions under each template, and the construction conditions comprising construction cost, material energy consumption and component assembly efficiency;

[0008] Calculating the matching degree of the construction conditions under each prefabricated component combination template and the construction requirements of the first construction scheme, and judging whether the matching degree is greater than a first preset threshold;

[0009] If yes, all prefabricated component combination templates with a matching degree greater than a first preset threshold are screened out, and the matching degrees are prioritized, and the template with the highest priority is taken as the component design scheme;

[0010] If no, the construction requirements of the first construction scheme are input to a prefabricated component recommendation algorithm, and the output component combination is taken as the component design scheme;

[0011] A target construction scheme is generated according to the first construction scheme and the component design scheme, and a construction process simulation and optimization verification are performed through a BIM model.

[0012] Preferably, the energy consumption of the construction process of different simulated construction schemes is analyzed through the BIM model, and a simulated construction scheme meeting a preset condition is screened out as the first construction scheme, comprising:

[0013] A construction equipment combination scheme under different simulated construction schemes is determined, the total energy consumption and resource consumption under each combination scheme are calculated, and a scheme with a total consumption greater than a second preset threshold is eliminated;

[0014] The energy efficiency level of the remaining construction equipment combination schemes is calculated:

[0015] ;

[0016] In the formula, represents the energy efficiency level, 、 represents the input power and output power of the i-th equipment in the construction equipment combination scheme; represents the energy consumption of the i-th equipment, represents the minimum energy consumption of the equipment associated with the i-th electrical equipment, and the equipment has n equipment; The construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level is identified as the first construction scheme. Preferably, the construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level is identified as the first construction scheme, comprising:

[0017] The construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level is identified, and the corresponding construction equipment is determined.

[0018] When there is an associated equipment, the difference between the associated equipment cost and the current equipment cost is calculated, and it is judged whether the difference is within the allowable floating range of the construction cost;

[0019] The construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level is identified, and the corresponding construction equipment is determined.

[0020] When there is an associated equipment, the difference between the associated equipment cost and the current equipment cost is calculated, and it is judged whether the difference is within the allowable floating range of the construction cost;

[0021] ​​When the difference is within the allowable floating range, the corresponding device in the construction device combination scheme is updated by using the associated device, to obtain a first construction scheme.

[0022] Preferably, the calculation of the matching degree of the construction condition under each prefabricated component combination template with the construction demand of the first construction scheme comprises:

[0023] ;

[0024] ;

[0025] In the formula, represents the overall matching degree of the prefabricated component combination template and the first construction scheme, represents the matching degree of the i-th component and the j-th construction demand, there are i components, j construction demands; represents the priority of the j-th construction demand, represents the correlation degree of the i-th component and the j-th construction demand; , , respectively represent the cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level and assembly adaptability score of the i-th component; , , respectively represent the cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level and assembly adaptability score; , , , , represents the weight.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a BIM-based digital simulation optimization system for the construction process of prefabricated components, which comprises:

[0027] A first scheme screening module is configured to obtain a plurality of simulated construction schemes, analyze the energy consumption of the construction process of different simulated construction schemes by using a BIM model, and screen out simulated construction schemes that meet preset conditions as first construction schemes;

[0028] A condition determination module is configured to traverse a plurality of prefabricated component combination templates from a construction case library and determine the construction conditions under each template, wherein the construction conditions include construction cost, material energy consumption and component assembly efficiency;

[0029] ​​​​​​The matching degree calculation module is configured to calculate a matching degree between the construction condition under each prefabricated component combination template and the construction demand of the first construction scheme, and determine whether the matching degree is greater than a first preset threshold value;

[0030] If yes, all prefabricated component combination templates with a matching degree greater than the first preset threshold value are screened out, and the matching degrees are prioritized, and the template with the highest priority is taken as the component design scheme;

[0031] If no, the construction demand of the first construction scheme is input to a prefabricated component recommendation algorithm, and the output component combination is taken as the component design scheme;

[0032] The target scheme generation module is configured to generate a target construction scheme according to the first construction scheme and the component design scheme, and perform construction process simulation and optimization verification through a BIM model.

[0033] Preferably, the first scheme screening module is further configured to:

[0034] determine construction equipment combination schemes under different simulated construction schemes, calculate total energy consumption and resource consumption under each combination scheme, and eliminate schemes with total consumption greater than a second preset threshold value;

[0035] calculate the energy efficiency level of the remaining construction equipment combination schemes:

[0036] ;

[0037] In the formula, represents the energy efficiency level, 、 represents the input power and output power of the i-th equipment in the construction equipment combination scheme; represents the energy consumption of the i-th equipment, represents the minimum energy consumption of the equipment associated with the i-th electrical equipment, and the equipment has n equipment associated with it;

[0038] The construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level is identified as the first construction scheme.

[0039] Preferably, the first scheme screening module is further configured to:

[0040] identify the construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level, and determine the corresponding construction equipment;

[0041] determine whether the construction equipment has associated equipment, when the associated equipment exists, calculate the difference between the associated equipment cost and the current equipment cost, and determine whether the difference is within the allowable floating range of the construction cost;

[0042] ​​​​When the difference is within the allowed floating range, the corresponding device in the construction device combination scheme is updated by using the associated device, to obtain a first construction scheme.

[0043] Preferably, the matching degree calculation module is configured to calculate a matching degree between the construction condition under each prefabricated component combination template and the construction requirement of the first construction scheme, including:

[0044] ;

[0045] ;

[0046] In the formula, represents the overall matching degree between the prefabricated component combination template and the first construction scheme, represents the matching degree between the i-th component and the j-th construction requirement, there are i components, construction requirements; represents the priority of the j-th construction requirement, represents the correlation between the i-th component and the j-th construction requirement; 、 、 respectively represent the cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level and assembly adaptability score of the i-th component; 、 respectively represent the cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level and assembly adaptability score; 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 represents the weight.

[0047] In a third aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, when the processor executes the computer instructions, the electronic device executes the method of the first aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners thereof.

[0048] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, when the program instructions are executed by the processor of an electronic device, the processor executes the method of the first aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners thereof.

[0049] ​​​​Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that:

[0050] 1) The present application first acquires several simulated construction schemes, analyzes the energy consumption and resource consumption of the construction process of different schemes through the BIM model, and screens out a scheme meeting the preset condition as the first construction scheme. Specifically, in the energy consumption analysis, the construction equipment and process combination scheme with a total consumption greater than a second preset threshold is first removed, and then the scheme with the highest energy efficiency level is identified from the remaining schemes as the first construction scheme. The energy efficiency level here comprehensively considers the equipment operating efficiency and the energy-saving potential of the process, and through this pre-screening mechanism, it can ensure from the source that the construction scheme meets the core needs of green construction and resource conservation.

[0051] 2) After determining the preliminary construction scheme, the system traverses multiple mature component and process combination templates from the prefabricated component construction case library, and extracts the key construction conditions under each template, such as comprehensive cost, component production energy consumption and assembly efficiency. By calculating the matching degree of each template and the specific needs of the first construction scheme, and judging whether it exceeds the first preset threshold, an intelligent decision-making based on data is realized. When there are multiple high-matching templates, the system will prioritize and automatically select the optimal scheme as the component design scheme. This method changes the decision-making process from relying on the personal experience of engineers to precise matching based on historical big data, greatly improving the selection efficiency and scientificity of component and process schemes.

[0052] 3) In the special case where there is no ready-made high-matching template in the case library, the present application can input the needs of the first construction scheme into a dedicated prefabricated component recommendation algorithm to generate a customized and optimal component combination as the design scheme. This mechanism ensures that even when faced with novel or complex project requirements, the system can still respond quickly, ensuring the feasibility and advancement of the scheme. Finally, by integrating the first construction scheme and the component design scheme, the optimal target construction scheme is generated. In this way, the target construction scheme can meet the project requirements while achieving the green decoration effect of energy saving and environmental protection. In addition, since the entire process is based on the BIM model, it can greatly increase the flexibility of construction scheme adjustment, laying a foundation for later investment in actual construction projects.

[0053] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, but not limiting the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the background art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application or the background art will be described below.

[0055] The drawings incorporated into the specification and forming a part thereof, illustrate embodiments that conform to the principles of the present disclosure and are used to explain the technical solutions of the present disclosure together with the specification.

[0056] Figure 1 A flowchart of a BIM-based digital simulation optimization method for the construction process of prefabricated components is provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0057] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a BIM-based digital simulation optimization system for the construction process of prefabricated components is provided for the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0059] In this document, reference to“an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are they necessarily mutually exclusive of one another. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flowchart of a BIM-based digital simulation optimization method for the construction process of prefabricated components is provided for the embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 1 , the method comprises:

[0061] S10, a plurality of simulation construction schemes are obtained, and the energy consumption of the construction process of different simulation construction schemes is analyzed through a BIM model, and a simulation construction scheme meeting a preset condition is selected as a first construction scheme.

[0062] Before generating the simulation construction scheme, the core requirements and boundary conditions of the project must be first determined. This includes the overall budget and key technical performance indicators of the project. The budget should comprehensively cover the costs of all aspects such as design and development, prefabricated component production, logistics transportation, on-site assembly and construction, and unforeseen expenses. The technical performance indicators need to clearly define the load requirements, seismic fortification standards, fire rating, energy saving targets, and specific architectural functional requirements of the structure.

[0063] Subsequently, based on these established parameters, using digital design tools integrated on the BIM platform, the geometric dimensions, spatial layout, environmental parameters and the above technical and functional requirements of the building are input, and multiple feasible simulation construction schemes under the initial conditions can be automatically generated. In order to provide sufficient basis for selection and comparison in the subsequent optimization stage, this method generates a number of scheme sets that differ in component selection, process route (such as hoisting sequence, connection technology) or construction organization at one time, providing a rich selection of samples for subsequent in-depth simulation and multi-objective optimization.

[0064] In one embodiment, the energy consumption analysis of the construction process of different simulated construction schemes by the BIM model, and screening out the simulated construction scheme that meets the preset condition as the first construction scheme, comprises:

[0065] 1.1) Determine the construction equipment combination scheme under different simulated construction schemes, calculate the total energy consumption and resource consumption under each combination scheme, and eliminate the schemes with total consumption greater than the second preset threshold;

[0066] In the construction of prefabricated buildings, the construction equipment and resources involved can be mainly divided into two categories: heavy machinery systems and auxiliary support systems. Each system contains different equipment clusters and resource types to meet the needs of prefabricated components from arrival, hoisting to final fixation. Among them, the heavy machinery system usually involves the application of high-energy-consuming large equipment, mainly used for vertical transportation and precise positioning of components, including tower cranes (tower cranes), automobile cranes, construction elevators, large concrete pump trucks, etc. The auxiliary support system involves a wider range of supporting resources, mainly used to ensure the stability of the construction environment and the continuity of the work, including component temporary support systems, welding equipment, concrete mixing stations, on-site lighting systems, water supply systems, and temporary power supply systems for construction, etc. In addition, the energy consumption of transport fleets, on-site processing equipment and personnel operations also needs to be considered comprehensively.

[0067] In a construction equipment and resource combination scheme, it usually contains the coordinated configuration of the above-mentioned various equipment and resources. For a single device, its energy consumption (such as electric energy, fuel) can be estimated based on its rated power P and expected running time t, that is, the consumption E is the product of power and running time. For the entire construction scheme, the total resource consumption (including total electric energy consumption, total fuel consumption, total water resource consumption, etc.) can be determined by accumulating the consumption of all equipment and resources in the scheme.

[0068] After quantifying the total resource consumption of each construction equipment combination scheme, preliminary screening can be performed: eliminate schemes with total consumption greater than the second preset threshold. This step aims to control the resource use intensity of the construction process from the source, ensuring that the schemes selected for subsequent optimization meet the basic requirements of energy saving and green construction set by the project, laying the foundation for selecting the optimal construction scheme.

[0069] 1.2) Calculate the energy efficiency level of the remaining construction equipment combination schemes:

[0070] ;

[0071] In the formula, represents the energy efficiency level, , represents the input power and output power of the th device in the construction equipment combination scheme; represents the energy consumption of the th device, represents the minimum energy consumption of the device associated with the th power-consuming device, and there are devices in total;

[0072] In this embodiment, the evaluation of the construction equipment combination scheme focuses on its operating efficiency and energy saving potential, which comprehensively quantifies the energy efficiency level of the scheme. Among them, the operating efficiency is directly represented by the ratio of output power to input power , which reflects the ability of the device to convert input energy (such as electricity, fuel) into effective mechanical work or specific output, such as hoisting operations, concrete pumping. This index is the core parameter for measuring the energy efficiency of the device itself. The energy saving potential is evaluated by . The core idea is to calculate the energy saving potential by comparing the standard energy consumption of the current selected device with the minimum energy consumption of the associated device with the same function but higher efficiency available in the market. This ratio reveals the energy consumption reduction space that can be achieved through device selection optimization under existing technical conditions. Calculating the energy saving potential not only reflects the advancement of the current scheme, but more importantly, when the evaluation finds that there is a large optimization space for the energy consumption level of a device, the system can provide clear recommendations and data support for replacing the associated device with higher energy efficiency, thereby achieving deep energy saving in the construction process.

[0073] 1.3) Identify the construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level as the first construction scheme.

[0074] After calculating the comprehensive energy efficiency level of each alternative construction scheme, the system will automatically identify and recommend the construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level as the first construction scheme. This ensures that the energy efficiency level of the equipment meets the project requirements and achieves energy saving and environmental protection effects.

[0075] In one embodiment, the construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level is identified as the first construction scheme, comprising:

[0076] identifying the construction equipment corresponding to the construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level;

[0077] determining whether the construction equipment has associated equipment, and when the associated equipment exists, calculating the difference between the associated equipment cost and the current equipment cost, and determining whether the difference is within the allowed floating range of the construction cost;

[0078] when the difference is within the allowed floating range, the associated equipment is used to update the corresponding equipment in the construction equipment combination scheme to obtain the first construction scheme.

[0079] In this embodiment, first, all the alternative construction equipment combination schemes are sorted according to the energy efficiency level calculation formula, and the scheme with the highest comprehensive energy efficiency level is locked. Then, the scheme is deconstructed and analyzed to determine the key construction equipment that has the greatest impact on the total energy consumption. For example, in prefabricated building construction, tower cranes and concrete pump trucks are usually the main energy consumers, so they are often listed as the key analysis objects. Then, based on the identified key equipment information (such as model, power, working capacity, etc.), the associated equipment is retrieved in the integrated equipment database. The associated equipment refers to the alternative equipment that has the same or similar functions as the current equipment, but has different brands, models, and technical generations, thus having differences in energy efficiency, price, etc. After the retrieval is completed, the system will automatically perform a cost-benefit analysis: calculate the procurement or rental cost difference between the associated equipment and the current equipment, and compare this difference with the "allowed floating range" reserved for equipment optimization in the project budget. If the cost difference is within the allowed floating range, it means that replacing the current equipment with the associated equipment with higher energy efficiency is economically feasible. The system will automatically perform the replacement operation, update the original construction equipment combination scheme with the associated equipment, and generate an optimized scheme with higher energy efficiency and controllable cost. This scheme is officially determined as the first construction scheme.

[0080] For example, in the initial scheme with the highest energy efficiency, a tower crane A with an energy efficiency level of 2 is selected, and its daily rental cost is 3000 yuan. Through retrieval, it is found that there is a more advanced tower crane B with an energy efficiency level of 1, and its daily rental cost is 3200 yuan. Assuming that the daily floating range of equipment cost set by the project is 500 yuan, the cost difference is 200 yuan, which is less than 500 yuan and within the allowed range. At this time, the system will automatically replace tower crane A with tower crane B and update the construction scheme. This optimization significantly improves the energy efficiency level of the entire construction process with only a small increase in cost.

[0081] The construction environment and market conditions are dynamic, and the above implementation breaks the limitation of "selected and fixed" in the traditional scheme design. It is not simply to select the initial optimal scheme, but introduces a dynamic and cost-constrained re-optimization link. Through automatic correlation equipment retrieval and cost-benefit analysis, the system can actively seek and apply higher energy-efficient equipment options while ensuring that the overall budget is not overspent, thereby generating a "first construction scheme" that achieves a more optimal balance in energy efficiency and cost.

[0082] S20, traverse a plurality of prefabricated component combination templates from a construction case library, determine construction conditions under each template, the construction conditions including construction cost, material energy consumption and component assembly efficiency.

[0083] First, a content-rich and structured construction case library needs to be built. Each case in the library is a complete "prefabricated component combination template", which comes from a successfully implemented or fully simulated and verified prefabricated building project in history.

[0084] Each template contains two core data blocks:

[0085] Component combination list: detailed records of the types, specifications, quantities, materials (such as concrete grade, reinforcement configuration) and unique component codes of various prefabricated components (such as prefabricated wall panels, composite panels, stairs, beams, columns, etc.) used in this template.

[0086] Construction condition data set: structuredly stores multi-dimensional data of the template under original project or standard conditions, including the following data:

[0087] Construction cost: including the production cost of components, logistics transportation cost, on-site hoisting and labor cost, etc.

[0088] Material energy consumption: quantifies the energy consumed in producing these components, such as electric energy and heat energy consumed in the production process, and can be converted into carbon emission equivalent for environmental performance evaluation.

[0089] Component assembly efficiency: a key performance indicator, usually represented and quantified by "average single component hoisting time", "standard layer construction period", "labor hours consumption of work type cooperation", etc.

[0090] When initiating the material design scheme screening for the current primary construction plan, multiple prefabricated component assembly templates are traversed from the case library. This traversal process is not random or a full search, but rather a preliminary screening based on the current project's BIM model information, such as building scale, structural type, and key node construction, prioritizing templates with similar building type and structural complexity. For each retrieved template, the system automatically reads and structurally extracts various data from the aforementioned construction condition dataset through its internal data interface. For example, the system will extract the total cost, material energy consumption per unit area, and historical assembly efficiency score of template A.

[0091] Because different case templates may originate from projects of different periods and standards, their original data (such as unit cost and energy consumption units) may differ in scope. Therefore, data standardization is necessary before analysis and comparison. The system will clean and convert the extracted original construction condition data according to the current project's market pricing standards and unified energy consumption calculation rules to ensure that the construction condition data of all templates are under the same benchmark and dimension, and are comparable. For example, all costs will be uniformly converted to the current RMB unit price, and all energy consumption will be converted to kilograms of standard coal according to a unified standard.

[0092] Through the implementation of the above three steps, a series of prefabricated component combination templates with reference value can be efficiently and accurately identified from massive historical data for the current project. A set of standardized construction condition data that can be directly used for matching degree calculation is also prepared, thus laying the data foundation for the rapid and scientific generation of the optimal material design scheme.

[0093] S30. Calculate the matching degree between the construction conditions under each precast component combination template and the construction requirements of the first construction scheme, and determine whether the matching degree is greater than the first preset threshold.

[0094] In one embodiment, calculating the matching degree between the construction conditions under each precast component assembly template and the construction requirements of the first construction scheme includes:

[0095] ;

[0096] ;

[0097] In the formula, This indicates the overall compatibility between the precast component assembly formwork and the first construction plan. Indicates the first Type of component and the first The matching degree of the construction requirements is as follows: Type of component, Construction requirements; Indicates the first Prioritize the construction requirements. represents the degree of relevance of the first component to the first construction requirement; , , respectively represent the cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level and assembly adaptability score of the first component; , respectively represent the baseline value of the cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level and assembly adaptability score; , , , , represents the weight.

[0098] The pros and cons of a prefabricated component combination template are not determined by a single factor, but by multiple attributes such as cost, energy consumption, sustainability, functionality and assembly adaptability. The model of the present embodiment combines these attributes into a single matching degree score through weighted summation, in order to make accurate comparisons.

[0099] In the above formula, there are mainly two levels, namely the single item matching degree and the overall matching degree . When calculating the single item matching degree , is the requirement priority, reflecting the "urgency" in project management. For example, if the project has a mandatory requirement for "fire rating", the priority of this requirement will be set very high. Even if a component scores very high in other aspects, if it has low relevance to the high-priority requirement, its single item matching degree will be lowered, ensuring that the core requirement is met. is the requirement relevance, ensuring the pertinence of the evaluation. For example, when evaluating a "prefabricated floor", its relevance to the "wall load-bearing" requirement may be low, but its relevance to the "floor load" requirement is high. This avoids using irrelevant indicators to incorrectly evaluate a component. , , , , are all weights, reflecting the project's preference for different attributes. For a project that emphasizes green building, the energy consumption weight and sustainability weight can be set higher; for a project with a tight budget, the cost weight will account for a larger proportion. This gives the model great flexibility, and can adapt to different project goals. The overall matching degree To evaluate the overall quality of the entire component-based formwork system, this calculation sums up the matching degree of each component in the formwork for each construction requirement. This means that an excellent formwork system must have all its components performing well across all requirement dimensions, avoiding the "weakest link effect" and ensuring the overall optimality of the recommended solution.

[0100] Traditional methods rely on engineers' personal experience to judge which template is "approximately" more suitable, which is highly subjective and difficult to verify. This model provides an objective and transparent decision-making basis through quantitative calculations, greatly reducing human uncertainty and error rates. The model simultaneously considers multiple objectives such as cost, environmental friendliness, functionality, and process, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional methods that often "focus on one aspect while neglecting another," such as only considering cost while ignoring energy consumption. It can automatically identify the comprehensive optimal solution that is more energy efficient and easier to assemble under controllable costs, rather than the single-subject optimal solution. By adjusting weights and priorities, this model can easily adapt to different types of projects. Even if the overall matching degree of a certain template does not reach the threshold, the system can still analyze its... By accurately identifying the areas where points are lost, targeted improvements to the connection design or construction process of the component can be made through manual intervention, thereby increasing optimization efficiency.

[0101] S301. If so, filter out all prefabricated component combination templates with a matching degree greater than the first preset threshold, sort the matching degree by priority, and take the template with the highest priority as the component design scheme.

[0102] S302. If not, input the construction requirements of the first construction scheme into the precast component recommendation algorithm, and use the output component combination as the component design scheme.

[0103] In step S301, after calculating the overall matching degree of all prefabricated component combination templates, the overall matching degree is automatically compared with a first preset threshold. All templates with an overall matching degree greater than the first preset threshold are selected to form a "high matching degree template pool". This step ensures that the subsequent selection range consists of feasible solutions that meet the basic requirements. Then, a refined priority ranking is performed based on the quantitative score. The system does not simply sort the templates in the pool randomly or by a single indicator, but rather arranges them in descending order according to their calculated overall matching degree values. The higher the matching degree score, the higher the degree of fit between the template's comprehensive performance (cost, energy consumption, efficiency, etc.) and the current project requirements, and the higher its priority. This quantitative ranking mechanism replaces the traditional subjective judgment that relies on personal experience, making the decision-making process standardized and traceable. The system will officially determine the template with the highest priority as the component design scheme. To cope with uncertainties in actual engineering, such as the excessively long supply cycle or discontinuation of a certain component in the preferred template, the system is designed with a dynamic replenishment mechanism. If the highest priority solution cannot be implemented for any reason, the system will automatically trigger a backtracking process. Without recalculation, the next highest priority template will be selected as the new component design solution until an executable solution is confirmed.

[0104] When the system traverses the case library and finds that the overall matching degree of all templates has not reached the first preset threshold, it determines that existing historical experience cannot meet the cutting-edge or special needs of this project. At this time, the system will automatically switch decision paths and execute step S302, specifically, to perform deep feature extraction on the BIM model and requirement parameters of the first construction scheme. These features include not only quantified costs, schedules, and performance indicators, but also unstructured data such as spatial relationships, node complexity, and construction logic sequences parsed from the BIM model. These processed feature data will be used as input vectors and passed to the prefabricated component recommendation algorithm. Typically, the recommendation algorithm used is a hybrid model based on machine learning (such as random forests, gradient boosting decision trees) or deep learning (such as graph neural networks GNNs). This model has been trained on massive amounts of historical project data (including component attributes, construction environment, final effects, etc.) and can learn the complex mapping relationship between component selection and project success. After receiving the input data, the algorithm will search and optimize in a huge solution space, and finally output a brand-new, customized prefabricated component combination scheme, which will serve as the component design scheme.

[0105] S40. Generate the target construction plan based on the first construction plan and component design plan, and conduct construction process simulation and optimization verification through BIM model.

[0106] Finally, by integrating the first construction plan with the component design plan in the BIM model, a complete and coordinated target construction plan was generated. Then, using the simulation capabilities of the BIM model, key processes in the target construction plan were dynamically simulated, for example:

[0107] Lifting process simulation: Simulates the tower crane's running path, the lifting and positioning process of components, and automatically detects whether there is a risk of spatial collision with existing structures or equipment.

[0108] Construction sequence simulation: Verify whether the logical sequence of component assembly is reasonable, evaluate the connection efficiency between different trades, and identify the "bottleneck" process in the process.

[0109] Site layout simulation: to verify the rationality of the layout of temporary component storage areas, construction roads, and machinery positions, and to optimize the space utilization of the construction site.

[0110] This "simulation first, construction later" model can identify and resolve major problems that may be encountered during construction in advance in a virtual environment, greatly reducing the probability of later design changes and rework, and ensuring construction progress and safety.

[0111] In summary, the method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can achieve at least the following beneficial effects:

[0112] 1) This invention first obtains several simulated construction schemes, and then uses a BIM model to analyze the energy and resource consumption of the construction process of different schemes, selecting the scheme that meets preset conditions as the first construction scheme. Specifically, during the energy consumption analysis, construction equipment and process combinations with total consumption exceeding a second preset threshold are first eliminated. Then, the scheme with the highest energy efficiency level is identified from the remaining schemes as the first construction scheme. The energy efficiency level here comprehensively considers the equipment operating efficiency and the energy-saving potential of the process. Through this pre-screening mechanism, it is possible to ensure from the source that the construction scheme meets the core requirements of green construction and resource conservation.

[0113] 2) After determining the preliminary construction plan, the system traverses multiple mature component and process combination templates from the precast component construction case library, extracting key construction conditions for each template, such as overall cost, component production energy consumption, and assembly efficiency. By calculating the matching degree between each template and the specific requirements of the first construction plan, and determining whether it exceeds a first preset threshold, data-driven intelligent decision-making is achieved. When multiple templates with high matching degrees exist, the system prioritizes them and automatically selects the optimal plan as the component design scheme. This method transforms the decision-making process from relying on engineers' personal experience to precise matching based on historical big data, greatly improving the efficiency and scientific nature of component and process selection.

[0114] 3) In special cases where no readily available highly matching templates exist in the case library, this invention can input the requirements of the first construction scheme into a dedicated prefabricated component recommendation algorithm to generate a customized, optimal component combination as the design scheme. This mechanism ensures that even when facing novel or complex project requirements, the system can still respond quickly, guaranteeing the feasibility and advancement of the scheme. Finally, by integrating the first construction scheme and the component design scheme, the optimal target construction scheme is generated. This enables the target construction scheme to meet project requirements while achieving energy-saving and environmentally friendly green decoration effects. In addition, since the entire process is based on a BIM model, it can greatly increase the flexibility of adjusting the construction scheme, laying the foundation for subsequent implementation in actual construction projects.

[0115] See Figure 2 In one embodiment, the present invention also provides a BIM-based digital simulation and optimization system for the construction process of prefabricated components, the system comprising:

[0116] The first scheme screening module 100 is used to acquire several simulated construction schemes, perform energy consumption analysis of the construction process of different simulated construction schemes through BIM model, and screen out the simulated construction schemes that meet the preset conditions as the first construction scheme.

[0117] The condition determination module 200 is used to traverse multiple prefabricated component combination templates from the construction case library and determine the construction conditions under each template. The construction conditions include construction cost, material energy consumption and component assembly efficiency.

[0118] The matching degree calculation module 300 is used to calculate the matching degree between the construction conditions under each precast component combination template and the construction requirements of the first construction scheme, and to determine whether the matching degree is greater than the first preset threshold.

[0119] If so, select all prefabricated component combination templates with a matching degree greater than the first preset threshold, sort the matching degree by priority, and take the template with the highest priority as the component design scheme;

[0120] If not, input the construction requirements of the first construction plan into the precast component recommendation algorithm, and use the output component combination as the component design plan;

[0121] The target scheme generation module 400 is used to generate a target construction scheme based on the first construction scheme and the component design scheme, and to perform construction process simulation and optimization verification through the BIM model.

[0122] In one embodiment, the first scheme filtering module 100 is further configured to:

[0123] Determine the construction equipment combination scheme under different simulated construction schemes, calculate the total energy consumption and resource consumption under each combination scheme, and eliminate the scheme with total consumption greater than the second preset threshold.

[0124] Calculate the energy efficiency level of the remaining construction equipment combination scheme:

[0125] ;

[0126] In the formula, Indicates energy efficiency level, , Indicating the first in the construction equipment combination scheme The input and output power of each device; Indicates the first Energy consumption of each device Indicates the relationship with the first The minimum energy consumption of each electrical device and its associated equipment, the total number of devices indivual;

[0127] The construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level is identified as the first construction scheme.

[0128] In one embodiment, the first scheme filtering module 100 is further configured to:

[0129] Identify the construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level and determine the corresponding construction equipment;

[0130] Determine whether there are related devices in the construction equipment. If there are related devices, calculate the difference between the cost of the related devices and the cost of the current equipment, and determine whether the difference is within the allowable fluctuation range of the construction cost.

[0131] When the difference is within the allowable fluctuation range, the corresponding equipment in the construction equipment combination scheme is updated using associated equipment to obtain the first construction scheme.

[0132] In one embodiment, the matching degree calculation module 300 is used to calculate the matching degree between the construction conditions under each precast component assembly template and the construction requirements of the first construction scheme, including:

[0133] ;

[0134] ;

[0135] In the formula, This indicates the overall compatibility between the precast component assembly formwork and the first construction plan. Indicates the first Type of component and the first The matching degree of the construction requirements is as follows: Type of component, Construction requirements; Indicates the first Prioritize the construction requirements. Indicates the first Type of component and the first The relevance of the construction requirements; , , They represent the first The cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level, and assembly compatibility score of each component; , These represent the baseline values ​​for cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level, and assembly compatibility score, respectively. , , , , Indicates the weight.

[0136] It is understood that the system provided in this embodiment has functions or includes modules that can be used to execute the methods described in the above method embodiments. The specific implementation can be referred to the description of the above method embodiments, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0137] The present invention also provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory, the memory being used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, wherein when the processor executes the computer instructions, the electronic device performs a method as described in any of the above possible implementations.

[0138] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program including program instructions that, when executed by a processor of an electronic device, cause the processor to perform a method as described in any of the above possible implementations.

[0139] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based digital simulation optimization method for the construction process of prefabricated components, characterized in that, The method includes: Several simulated construction schemes are obtained. Energy consumption analysis of the construction process of different simulated construction schemes is carried out through BIM model. The simulated construction scheme that meets the preset conditions is selected as the first construction scheme. The construction case library is used to traverse multiple precast component combination templates to determine the construction conditions under each template, including construction cost, material energy consumption and component assembly efficiency. Calculate the matching degree between the construction conditions under each precast component combination template and the construction requirements of the first construction scheme, and determine whether the matching degree is greater than the first preset threshold. If so, select all prefabricated component combination templates with a matching degree greater than the first preset threshold, sort the matching degree by priority, and take the template with the highest priority as the component design scheme; If not, input the construction requirements of the first construction plan into the precast component recommendation algorithm, and use the output component combination as the component design plan; The target construction plan is generated based on the first construction plan and component design plan, and the construction process is simulated and optimized using a BIM model.

2. The BIM-based digital simulation optimization method for prefabricated component construction technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of analyzing energy consumption during construction using a BIM model for different simulated construction schemes, and selecting the simulated construction scheme that meets preset conditions as the first construction scheme, includes: Determine the construction equipment combination scheme under different simulated construction schemes, calculate the total energy consumption and resource consumption under each combination scheme, and eliminate the scheme with total consumption greater than the second preset threshold. Calculate the energy efficiency level of the remaining construction equipment combination scheme: ； In the formula, Indicates energy efficiency level, , Indicating the first in the construction equipment combination scheme The input and output power of each device; Indicates the first Energy consumption of each device Indicates the relationship with the first The minimum energy consumption of each electrical device and its associated equipment, the total number of devices indivual; The construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level is identified as the first construction scheme.

3. The BIM-based digital simulation and optimization method for prefabricated component construction technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, The identified construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level, as the first construction scheme, includes: Identify the construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level and determine the corresponding construction equipment; Determine whether there are related devices in the construction equipment. If there are related devices, calculate the difference between the cost of the related devices and the cost of the current equipment, and determine whether the difference is within the allowable fluctuation range of the construction cost. When the difference is within the allowable fluctuation range, the corresponding equipment in the construction equipment combination scheme is updated using associated equipment to obtain the first construction scheme.

4. The method for digital simulation and optimization of construction technology of prefabricated components based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the matching degree between the construction conditions under each precast component assembly template and the construction requirements of the first construction scheme includes: ； ； In the formula, This indicates the overall compatibility between the precast component assembly formwork and the first construction plan. Indicates the first Type of component and the first The matching degree of the construction requirements is as follows: Type of component, Construction requirements; Indicates the first Prioritize the construction requirements. Indicates the first Type of component and the first The relevance of the construction requirements; , , They represent the first The cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level, and assembly compatibility score of each component; , These represent the baseline values ​​for cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level, and assembly compatibility score, respectively. , , , , Indicates the weight.

5. A BIM-based digital simulation and optimization system for the construction process of prefabricated components, characterized in that, The system includes: The first scheme selection module is used to obtain several simulated construction schemes, perform energy consumption analysis of the construction process of different simulated construction schemes through BIM model, and select the simulated construction scheme that meets the preset conditions as the first construction scheme. The condition determination module is used to traverse multiple prefabricated component assembly templates from the construction case library and determine the construction conditions under each template. The construction conditions include construction cost, material energy consumption and component assembly efficiency. The matching degree calculation module is used to calculate the matching degree between the construction conditions under each prefabricated component combination template and the construction requirements of the first construction scheme, and to determine whether the matching degree is greater than the first preset threshold. If so, select all prefabricated component combination templates with a matching degree greater than the first preset threshold, sort the matching degree by priority, and take the template with the highest priority as the component design scheme; If not, input the construction requirements of the first construction plan into the precast component recommendation algorithm, and use the output component combination as the component design plan; The target scheme generation module is used to generate a target construction scheme based on the first construction scheme and the component design scheme, and to perform construction process simulation and optimization verification through BIM model.

6. The BIM-based digital simulation and optimization system for prefabricated component construction technology according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first scheme filtering module is also used for: Determine the construction equipment combination scheme under different simulated construction schemes, calculate the total energy consumption and resource consumption under each combination scheme, and eliminate the scheme with total consumption greater than the second preset threshold. Calculate the energy efficiency level of the remaining construction equipment combination scheme: ； In the formula, Indicates energy efficiency level, , Indicating the first in the construction equipment combination scheme The input and output power of each device; Indicates the first Energy consumption of each device Indicates the relationship with the first The minimum energy consumption of each electrical device and its associated equipment, the total number of devices indivual; The construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level is identified as the first construction scheme.

7. The BIM-based digital simulation and optimization system for prefabricated component construction technology according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first scheme filtering module is also used for: Identify the construction equipment combination scheme with the highest energy efficiency level and determine the corresponding construction equipment; Determine whether there are related devices in the construction equipment. If there are related devices, calculate the difference between the cost of the related devices and the cost of the current equipment, and determine whether the difference is within the allowable fluctuation range of the construction cost. When the difference is within the allowable fluctuation range, the corresponding equipment in the construction equipment combination scheme is updated using associated equipment to obtain the first construction scheme.

8. The BIM-based digital simulation and optimization system for prefabricated component construction technology according to claim 5, characterized in that, The matching degree calculation module is used to calculate the matching degree between the construction conditions under each precast component assembly template and the construction requirements of the first construction scheme, including: ； ； In the formula, This indicates the overall compatibility between the precast component assembly formwork and the first construction plan. Indicates the first Type of component and the first The matching degree of the construction requirements is as follows: Type of component, Construction requirements; Indicates the first Prioritize the construction requirements. Indicates the first Type of component and the first The relevance of the construction requirements; , , They represent the first The cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level, and assembly compatibility score of each component; , These represent the baseline values ​​for cost, energy consumption level, sustainability level, functionality level, and assembly compatibility score, respectively. , , , , Indicates the weight.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A processor and a memory, the memory being used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, wherein when the processor executes the computer instructions, the electronic device executes the BIM-based digital simulation optimization method for prefabricated component construction process as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which includes program instructions that, when executed by a processor of an electronic device, cause the processor to perform the digital simulation optimization method for construction technology of prefabricated components based on BIM as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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