Signal cooperative processing method for radio frequency oscillator and batwing antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a design of a radio frequency oscillator and a batwing antenna. The antenna comprises a supporting rod and at least one layer of radiation unit, and each layer of unit is composed of a pair of batwing radiation sheets serving as passive parasitic units and an active symmetrical oscillator arranged between the batwing radiation sheets. And the symmetrical dipoles directly feed through the coupled feed structures, so as to electromagnetically drive the batwing radiation fins. Through the hybrid coupling design of the active oscillators and the passive batwing, the advantages of an oscillator antenna and a batwing antenna are integrated, and remarkable expansion of working bandwidth, effective improvement of out-of-roundness of a horizontal plane radiation pattern and improvement of antenna gain are realized in Beidou navigation frequency bands (such as B1, B2, B3 and the like); the structure simultaneously has good circular polarization characteristics, phase center stability and structure compactness, and is especially suitable for vehicle-mounted, shipborne and other Beidou receiving terminals with high requirements on performance and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wireless communication antenna technology, specifically a signal collaborative processing method for a radio frequency vibrator and a batwing antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In mobile receiving scenarios such as vehicle-mounted and ship-mounted systems of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, there are special requirements for antenna performance: it needs to have multi-band coverage capability (compatible with BeiDou core frequency bands such as B1, B2, and B3), good circular polarization characteristics to match satellite navigation signals, stable phase center to ensure positioning accuracy, omnidirectional or near-omnidirectional radiation characteristics to adapt to changes in terminal attitude, sufficient gain to improve signal reception sensitivity, and at the same time, it needs to meet the installation requirements of compact structure, strong anti-interference capability, and adaptability to complex mobile environments.

[0003] Traditional half-wave dipole antennas are simple in structure and low in cost, but they have significant shortcomings in the BeiDou navigation frequency band: narrow bandwidth, making it difficult to simultaneously cover multiple frequency bands (B1, B2, B3), poor circular polarization characteristics, and a phase center that is easily affected by structural changes, failing to meet high-precision positioning requirements. Furthermore, the limited gain of a single dipole makes them unsuitable for weak signal reception scenarios in mobile terminals. While batwing antennas are known for their wide bandwidth, their traditional design faces challenges in optimizing the circular polarization axial ratio in the BeiDou frequency band, suffers from insufficient phase center stability, and has low gain when used alone. Moreover, in pursuit of miniaturization for vehicle and shipboard installation, trade-offs often arise between complete frequency band coverage and radiation performance, failing to meet multi-dimensional performance requirements.

[0004] In existing technologies, both using dipole antennas and traditional batwing antennas have certain limitations. The former requires an additional matching network to achieve multi-band coverage, leading to structural complexity and increased phase center offset; the latter requires sacrificing bandwidth or gain to improve circular polarization characteristics, and its anti-interference capability decreases after miniaturization. Therefore, there is a need in this field for an antenna design scheme that can combine the advantages of both, achieving a better balance between BeiDou multi-band coverage, circular polarization adaptation, phase center stability, gain performance, and structural compactness, and is suitable for mobile BeiDou receiving terminals such as vehicle-mounted and ship-mounted antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a signal collaborative processing method for radio frequency vibrator and batwing antenna to solve the technical challenges of existing BeiDou navigation receiving antennas in achieving balance between multi-band coverage integrity, circular polarization adaptability, phase center stability, gain performance, and structural compactness. In particular, it fails to meet the actual needs of vehicle-mounted, ship-mounted, and other mobile BeiDou receiving terminals for high-precision positioning, all-attitude signal reception, and miniaturized installation, thereby filling the performance gaps of traditional vibrator antennas and batwing antennas in BeiDou navigation scenarios.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention disclose a signal collaborative processing method for a radio frequency vibrator and a batwing antenna, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Construct an antenna structure including a support rod, a feed network and at least one layer of radiating elements. Each layer of radiating elements includes a symmetrical dipole and a pair of symmetrically arranged batwing radiating plates. The symmetrical dipole is located between the pair of batwing radiating plates and is coplanar. The batwing radiating plates are passive parasitic elements.

[0008] S2: An excitation signal is input to the symmetrical dipole through the feeding network, causing the symmetrical dipole to generate an initial radiated electromagnetic field as the main radiation signal source; the excitation signal needs to match the signal characteristics of the BeiDou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands to ensure multi-band resonance excitation.

[0009] S3: Utilizing the electromagnetic coupling effect between the symmetrical oscillator and the bat wing radiating plate, the bat wing radiating plate is induced to generate a secondary radiation signal, forming a passive auxiliary radiation source; through coupling parameter optimization, the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal are made to form a circularly polarized superposition condition;

[0010] S4: The amplitude and phase relationship between the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal are controlled by the symmetrical dipole and the bat wing radiating plate. By superimposing the spatial vectors of the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal, the antenna achieves a synergistic optimization effect of multi-band BeiDou coverage, horizontal radiation pattern optimization, gain enhancement, circular polarization characteristic improvement and phase center stability.

[0011] Furthermore, the power supply network transmits equal-amplitude and in-phase excitation signals to the symmetrical oscillators of each radiation unit layer, enabling the main radiation signals of each radiation unit layer to be synchronously superimposed.

[0012] Furthermore, the total length of the symmetrical dipole is set to half the wavelength of the center frequency of the BeiDou target, so that the excitation signal can excite the symmetrical dipole to generate efficient fundamental resonant radiation.

[0013] Furthermore, the excitation signal is fed in a balanced manner, specifically through a coaxial cable sleeved on the support rod. The inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to one arm of the symmetrical oscillator, and the outer conductor is connected to the other arm, so that the symmetrical oscillator obtains a stable excitation signal.

[0014] Furthermore, the bat wing radiating plate sensing, by setting the distance between the bat wing radiating plate and the symmetrical oscillator, the bending angle of the bat wing radiating plate and the aspect ratio, coordinates the amplitude and phase of the induced current of the bat wing radiating plate, so that the secondary radiation signal and the main radiation signal form a positive superposition effect in the BeiDou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands. In addition, the symmetrical structure and angle design of the bat wing radiating plate realizes the circular polarization radiation characteristics.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific implementation method of the BeiDou multi-band coverage is as follows:

[0016] By utilizing the fundamental resonant modes of symmetrical dipoles in the BeiDou B1, B2, and B3 frequency bands, and combining them with the secondary resonant modes of batwing radiators in the corresponding frequency bands, multiple sets of resonant points are formed. By adjusting the coupling parameters of the two, the resonant points are smoothly merged, achieving complete coverage of the BeiDou B1, B2, and B3 frequency bands.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific implementation method of the horizontal plane radiation pattern optimization is as follows:

[0018] By controlling the phase of the secondary radiation signal of the bat wing radiating plate, the interference of the directionality of the support rod and the oscillator on the radiation field is compensated, so that the horizontal radiation pattern is close to a circle and the non-circularity is better than the preset threshold.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific implementation method of the improved circular polarization characteristics is as follows:

[0020] By optimizing the bending angle of the bat wing radiating plate and the relative position of the symmetrical oscillator, the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal form orthogonal polarization components, and the two components have equal amplitudes and a phase difference of 90°, thus achieving circular polarization radiation with a circular polarization axis ratio less than the preset value.

[0021] Furthermore, the specific implementation method of the gain enhancement is as follows:

[0022] By superimposing the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal of the multi-layer radiation unit, the array gain of the antenna at the BeiDou B1, B2 and B3 frequencies reaches above the preset threshold, and the radiation efficiency is improved.

[0023] Furthermore, the structural parameters of the bat wing radiating plate control the electromagnetic coupling strength. The structural parameters include the height, width, and outward bending angle of the lower end of the bat wing radiating plate, wherein the height of the bat wing radiating plate is greater than or equal to the length of the symmetrical oscillator arm.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) This invention achieves full coverage of multiple frequency bands of BeiDou navigation by using the hybrid coupling design of symmetrical dipole and bat wing radiating plate and the fusion of multiple resonant modes of the two in the BeiDou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands. This solves the limitation of single frequency band coverage of traditional antennas and adapts to the multi-frequency signal reception requirements of BeiDou receiving terminals.

[0026] (2) By optimizing the structural parameters of the bat wing radiating plate and the relative position of the symmetrical oscillator, the present invention enables the primary and secondary radiating signals to form orthogonal polarization superposition, thereby obtaining good circular polarization characteristics. At the same time, through the symmetrical layout of the multi-layer radiating unit and the phase center calibration, the phase center is stabilized, which significantly improves the BeiDou positioning accuracy and is especially suitable for high-precision navigation scenarios.

[0027] (3) This invention compensates for interference from the support rod and installation environment by using the secondary radiation signal of the bat wing radiating plate to make the horizontal radiation pattern nearly circular. Combined with the signal superposition of multiple units, the antenna gain is increased to more than 3dBi, and the radiation efficiency is greater than or equal to 75%, which effectively improves the signal reception stability in vehicle and ship-mounted scenarios and reduces signal blind spots caused by obstruction.

[0028] (4) The present invention integrates symmetrical dipoles between batwing radiating plates, making full use of space layout, making the antenna structure compact, and controlling the size of a single-layer radiating unit within 0.8 times the wavelength of the Beidou center frequency band. The overall wind resistance is small and the mechanical stability is strong, which is suitable for the installation requirements of mobile terminals such as vehicle-mounted and ship-mounted. At the same time, the integrated design reduces manufacturing costs and assembly difficulty.

[0029] (5) By optimizing the coupling parameters and feeding method, the present invention makes the input impedance of the antenna change smoothly in the entire BeiDou frequency band, the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is less than 1.5, the impedance matching performance is excellent, the signal reflection loss is reduced, and the signal reception efficiency and anti-interference capability are further improved. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method steps of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a single-layer radiating unit according to the method of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a top view of a single-layer radiating unit in the method of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a four-layer array antenna according to the method of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a comparison curve of the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the embodiment of the method of the present invention and that of a conventional symmetrical dipole antenna as a function of frequency.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a radiation pattern (polar coordinate diagram) on a horizontal plane for an embodiment of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 This application provides a detailed description of the technical solutions provided in each embodiment.

[0038] This application provides a method for signal collaborative processing of a radio frequency vibrator and a batwing antenna, with specific steps including:

[0039] S1: Construct an antenna structure including a support rod, a feed network and at least one layer of radiating elements. Each layer of radiating elements includes a symmetrical dipole and a pair of symmetrically arranged batwing radiating plates. The symmetrical dipole is located between the pair of batwing radiating plates and is coplanar. The batwing radiating plates are passive parasitic elements.

[0040] S2: An excitation signal is input to the symmetrical dipole through the feeding network, causing the symmetrical dipole to generate an initial radiated electromagnetic field as the main radiation signal source; the excitation signal needs to match the signal characteristics of the BeiDou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands to ensure multi-band resonance excitation.

[0041] S3: Utilizing the electromagnetic coupling effect between the symmetrical oscillator and the bat wing radiating plate, the bat wing radiating plate is induced to generate a secondary radiation signal, forming a passive auxiliary radiation source; through coupling parameter optimization, the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal are made to form a circularly polarized superposition condition;

[0042] S4: The amplitude and phase relationship between the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal are controlled by the symmetrical dipole and the bat wing radiating plate. By superimposing the spatial vectors of the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal, the antenna achieves a synergistic optimization effect of multi-band BeiDou coverage, horizontal radiation pattern optimization, gain enhancement, circular polarization characteristic improvement and phase center stability.

[0043] This embodiment is designed for vehicle-mounted and ship-mounted BeiDou navigation reception scenarios, adapting to BeiDou B1, B2, and B3 multi-band signal reception, and includes a designed center frequency. =1207MHz, a four-layer array antenna with the center frequency of the BeiDou B2 band. Core performance targets: complete coverage of BeiDou B1, B2 and B3 bands; voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <1.5; horizontal radiation pattern non-circularity ≤±1.5dB; circular polarization axial ratio (AR) <3dB; phase center offset <1mm; array gain ≥3dBi for each band; radiation efficiency ≥69.7%. Basic physical parameters: speed of light c = 3 × m / s, relative permittivity of air =1, axial spacing of multi-layer radiating elements h=0.6 ,in The wavelength corresponds to the center frequency.

[0044] The process of the method of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the process involves constructing the antenna structure, exciting the symmetrical dipole, utilizing the electromagnetic coupling effect, adjusting and optimizing parameters, and co-processing the signal. The final output is a synergistic effect of BeiDou multi-band coverage, pattern optimization, gain enhancement, circular polarization improvement, and phase center stabilization.

[0045] The antenna is constructed using an integrated architecture of support rod, feed network, and multi-layer radiating elements, with the specific layout as follows:

[0046] With a fiberglass support rod as the central axis, all radiating units and the power supply network are connected to ensure structural stability and electromagnetic compatibility. Four layers of radiating units are stacked at equal intervals along the support rod's axis. Each layer consists of an independent symmetrical oscillator plus a coplanar module with batwing radiating plates. The overall structure is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the distribution of the radiating units of the 1st to 4th layers along the Z-axis of the support rod, the installation position of the power divider, and the connection relationship between the main input feeder and each output channel are clearly marked. The power supply network (power divider) is embedded in the top of the support rod and is connected to the symmetrical vibrators of each layer through coaxial cables to achieve concealed wiring and reduce wind resistance and electromagnetic interference.

[0047] For the support rod, high-strength fiberglass is selected, with a dielectric constant... 1.05, non-conductive, lightweight, avoiding the shielding of the radiation field by metal supports; pultruded, with three sets of axial grooves on the inner wall for embedding coaxial cables and fixing insulating supports to prevent cable displacement. The position of the support rod in the overall structure can be referenced. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 1-Support rod in the middle.

[0048] The power supply network employs a four-way equal-amplitude, in-phase power divider, operating in the 1200-1600MHz frequency band, covering the entire BeiDou B1, B2, and B3 frequency bands, with an input / output impedance of 50Ω. It is fixed within an aluminum alloy sealed box at the top of the support rod, connected to the support rod via four sets of M8 non-metallic bolts. The main input feed line extends from the side of the sealed box, and the four output feed lines extend downwards along the grooves on the inner wall of the support rod to each layer of the radiating unit. The connection relationship is as follows: Figure 4 As indicated by the labels on the main input feeder-output channels 1-4, this ensures that equal-amplitude and in-phase excitation signals are transmitted to the symmetrical oscillators of each layer of radiating units, thereby achieving synchronous superposition of the main radiating signals.

[0049] The single-layer radiating unit consists of a pair of bat-wing radiating plates, a symmetrical oscillator, and two sets of insulating supports, strictly adhering to the design principles of coplanarity, symmetry, and passive parasitic isolation. Its three-dimensional structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the top view is as follows Figure 3 As shown.

[0050] The symmetrical oscillator uses TU2 oxygen-free copper tubing; the center frequency corresponds to the wavelength. for:

[0051]

[0052] The total length L of the symmetrical oscillator is:

[0053]

[0054] The total length L of the symmetrical dipole is set to half the wavelength of the BeiDou target center frequency, enabling the excitation signal to stimulate the symmetrical dipole to generate efficient fundamental resonant radiation in the BeiDou B1, B2, and B3 frequency bands. The dipole arm diameter is 3mm, and the distance between the two dipole arms is 8mm, optimizing the dimensions to improve multi-band impedance matching performance. It is fixed to the support rod by two sets of ceramic insulating supports, each including an arc-shaped clamp and a horizontal bracket. The clamp is fitted and fixed to the support rod, and the dipole arm is welded to the horizontal bracket, ensuring insulation between the dipole and the support rod and stable positioning. After installation, the symmetrical dipole is located at the center between a pair of batwing radiating plates. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this ensures the symmetry of electromagnetic coupling.

[0055] The bat wing radiating plate is made of 1060 aluminum alloy sheet, stamped and anodized, with excellent corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. The main body dimensions are: height H=220mm, width W=180mm, and aspect ratio... =1.5; The lower end of the bent structure bends outward to form a bent section, with a bending angle α=45° and a bending length of 50mm. The bent edge has a rounded corner transition to avoid tip discharge; With the support rod axis as the center of symmetry, a pair of bat wing radiating plates are fixed on both sides of the support rod, such as Figure 3The spacing distribution is shown in the top view. Four sets of M6 PTFE bolts pass through the mounting holes in the upper and middle parts of the batwing radiating plate and are connected to the pre-embedded nuts on the support rod. The batwing radiating plate is fixed only by non-metallic bolts and is not directly conductively connected to the feed network or the symmetrical dipole; it operates purely through electromagnetic coupling induction. By setting the spacing, bending angle, and aspect ratio between the batwing radiating plate and the symmetrical dipole, the amplitude and phase of the induced current are coordinated and controlled, so that the secondary radiation signal and the primary radiation signal form a positive superposition effect in the BeiDou B1, B2, and B3 frequency bands. At the same time, through symmetrical structure and angle design, circular polarization radiation characteristics are achieved.

[0056] An excitation signal is input to the symmetrical dipole through the feeding network, causing the symmetrical dipole to generate an initial radiated electromagnetic field, which serves as the main radiation signal source.

[0057] For the cables, RG-213 coaxial cable is used as the main input feeder and RG-174 is used as the inter-layer coaxial cable feeder; RG-174 coaxial cable is soldered to the four output terminals of the power divider, and the cable extends along the groove on the inner wall of the support rod to the radiating unit of each layer, such as... Figure 4 The connection between the output channels 1-4 and the radiation units of each layer is shown; the coaxial cable passes through the insulating support, the inner conductor is welded to the arm of the symmetrical vibrator, and the outer conductor is connected to the arm of the vibrator to achieve balanced power feeding. The outer sheath of the cable is made of high temperature resistant insulating material.

[0058] The parameter settings of the excitation signal include:

[0059] The input radio frequency signal has a frequency range of 1200-1600MHz, covering the BeiDou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands, with a peak power of 1W and a modulation method that is compatible with the BeiDou navigation signal standard.

[0060] A power divider ensures that the excitation signal amplitudes and phases of each radiating element are consistent, enabling synchronous superposition of multiple layers of main radiating signals. Figure 4 The power supply logic adapted to the synchronous layout of the four-layer radiating unit;

[0061] The output of the power supply network is matched with the impedance of the coaxial cable and the symmetrical dipole to 50Ω to avoid signal reflection and ensure that the excitation signal is efficiently transmitted to the symmetrical dipole.

[0062] By utilizing the electromagnetic coupling effect between the symmetrical oscillator and the bat wing radiating plate, the bat wing radiating plate is induced to generate a secondary radiation signal, forming a passive auxiliary radiation source;

[0063] When the symmetrical oscillator is excited, it generates an initial radiated electromagnetic field. The bat wing radiating plate, as a passive parasitic unit, generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, forming a secondary radiated signal.

[0064] Induced current amplitude control model:

[0065]

[0066] in, The amplitude of the induced current in the bat wing radiating plate; The excitation current is for a symmetrical oscillator; The coupling efficiency coefficient is calculated by adjusting the distance between the batwing and the symmetrical oscillator, increasing the distance. If the amplitude decreases, the amplitude decreases; otherwise, it increases, ensuring that the amplitude of the secondary signal is 0.8-1.0 times that of the main signal, forming a positive superposition in all frequency bands of BeiDou.

[0067] Induced current phase modulation model:

[0068]

[0069] in, The phase of the secondary radiation signal; The wavelength corresponds to the operating frequency; The inherent phase shift of the bat wing shape; d is the spacing of the symmetrical oscillators; by finely adjusting the bat wing bending angle, increasing the angle... Increase, and vice versa, make The phase difference with the main radiation signal is controlled within 80°-90°, satisfying the phase conditions for circular polarization superposition and space vector superposition.

[0070] The amplitude and phase relationship between the primary and secondary radiated signals are controlled by a symmetrical dipole and a batwing radiating plate. Through the spatial vector superposition of the two, the antenna achieves synergistic optimization effects, including multi-band BeiDou coverage, horizontal radiation pattern optimization, gain enhancement, circular polarization characteristic improvement, and phase center stability.

[0071] The specific implementation method of BeiDou multi-band coverage is as follows: using the basic resonant modes of symmetrical dipoles in the BeiDou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands, combined with the secondary resonant modes of bat wing radiators in the corresponding frequency bands, multiple sets of resonant points are formed. By adjusting the coupling parameters of the two, the resonant points are smoothly merged to achieve complete coverage of the BeiDou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands.

[0072] The implementation steps are as follows:

[0073] Initial resonance test: For the symmetrical oscillator tested alone, the bandwidth with VSWR < 1.5 was 1551-1571MHz in the B1 band, 1197-1217MHz in the B2 band, and 1258-1278MHz in the B3 band; For the bat wing radiator tested alone, the bandwidth with VSWR < 1.5 was 1200-1600MHz.

[0074] Coupling parameters were optimized by fine-tuning the batwing width from 180mm to 185mm to precisely align the secondary resonant point with the fundamental resonant point of the symmetrical oscillator; at the same time, the coupling spacing was adjusted from 43.5mm to 45mm to ensure a smooth transition of the VSWR curves across all frequency bands.

[0075] Bandwidth verification, such as Figure 5 As shown, traditional symmetrical dipole antennas can only cover a single BeiDou frequency band, with a VSWR<1.5 bandwidth of about 20MHz. However, the VSWR<1.5 bandwidth of this embodiment reaches 1200-1600MHz, fully covering the BeiDou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands, and meeting the requirements for multi-band reception.

[0076] The specific implementation method of the horizontal radiation pattern optimization is as follows: by controlling the phase of the secondary radiation signal of the bat wing radiating plate, the interference of the directionality of the support rod and the oscillator on the radiation field is compensated, so that the horizontal radiation pattern is close to a circle and the non-circularity is better than the preset threshold ±1.5dB.

[0077] The implementation steps are as follows:

[0078] Interference phase measurement and microwave anechoic chamber testing revealed phase shifts in the radiation field caused by the support rod and oscillator. =15°;

[0079] Phase compensation settings to adjust the bat wing flex angle Up to 50°, making the secondary radiation signal phase To compensate for interference phase difference;

[0080] Effect verification, such as Figure 6 As shown, the left side is the horizontal radiation pattern of a traditional symmetrical oscillator, which exhibits a significant figure-eight distortion due to interference from the support rod, resulting in poor roundness. The right side is the radiation pattern of the embodiment of the present invention, with a polar coordinate distribution that is close to a circle. The measured roundness is ±1.3dB, which is better than the preset threshold of ±1.5dB, and the coverage blind area is reduced by 70% compared to the traditional array.

[0081] The specific implementation of the improved circular polarization characteristics is as follows: by optimizing the bending angle of the bat wing radiating plate and the relative position of the symmetrical oscillator, the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal form orthogonal polarization components, and the two components have equal amplitudes and a phase difference of 90°, thereby achieving circular polarization radiation with a circular polarization axial ratio AR < 3dB.

[0082] The specific steps are as follows:

[0083] Polarization component modulation, based on the induced current amplitude and phase modulation model, ensures that the amplitude deviation of the orthogonal polarization components of the primary and secondary radiation signals is ≤ ±0.2dB, and the phase difference is stable at 90°.

[0084] The axial ratio test verified that the circular polarization axial ratio of BeiDou at various frequency bands was tested in a microwave anechoic chamber. The measured AR of B1 band was 2.2dB, AR of B2 band was 1.8dB, and AR of B3 band was 2.5dB. All of them met the preset requirement of AR<3dB, which is compatible with the circular polarization characteristics of BeiDou satellite navigation signals.

[0085] The specific implementation of the phase center stabilization is as follows: by arranging multiple layers of radiating units at equal intervals, the phase centers of each layer of radiating units are ensured to coincide; the structural symmetry of the bat wing radiating plate and the symmetrical oscillator is optimized to reduce the phase center shift caused by uneven electromagnetic distribution.

[0086] The specific steps are as follows:

[0087] Phase center testing employs a phase center measurement system to test the phase center offset of antennas in various frequency bands of BeiDou.

[0088] In terms of effectiveness verification, the phase center offset of the embodiment of the present invention was measured to be ≤0.8mm, which is better than the preset threshold of 1mm, effectively ensuring the positioning accuracy of Beidou.

[0089] The specific implementation method of the gain enhancement is as follows: by the coordinated superposition of the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal of the multi-layer radiation unit, the array gain of the antenna at the BeiDou B1, B2 and B3 frequencies reaches a preset threshold of ≥3dBi, and the radiation efficiency is improved.

[0090] The gain enhancement is achieved by the coordinated superposition of the primary and secondary signals of the multi-layer radiating elements, resulting in array gain. Follow the formula ,in, For single-layer gain; The number of floors.

[0091] The specific steps are as follows:

[0092] Single-layer gain calibration and simulation test to obtain the cooperative gain of a single-layer radiating element. Compared to the traditional single-layer oscillator with a gain of 1.5... It needs to be 0.7 higher. ;

[0093] Multi-layer stacking, four-layer radiating elements with equal amplitude and in-phase feeding, total gain After deducting power supply loss and dielectric loss, the measured gain of BeiDou in each frequency band is ≥3.5dBi, which is 0.8-1.0dBi higher than that of traditional four-layer oscillator arrays.

[0094] Radiation efficiency verification: When the input power is 1W, the radiation power is 0.78W, and the radiation efficiency reaches 78%, which is higher than that of traditional oscillator arrays and meets the signal reception sensitivity requirements of vehicle and ship-mounted scenarios.

[0095] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for signal coordination of a radio frequency (RF) transducer and a batwing antenna, the method comprising: receiving a signal from the RF transducer; and processing the signal to generate a processed signal, wherein the signal is processed to generate the processed signal based on a frequency of the signal. The method steps include: S1: Construct an antenna structure including a support rod, a feed network and at least one layer of radiation units, each layer of the radiation units including a symmetrical dipole and a pair of symmetrically arranged batwing radiation sheets, the symmetrical dipole being located between the pair of batwing radiation sheets and being coplanar, the batwing radiation sheets being passive parasitic units; S2: Input an excitation signal to the symmetrical dipole through the feed network to make the symmetrical dipole generate an initial radiation electromagnetic field as a main radiation signal source; the excitation signal needs to match the signal characteristics of Beidou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands to ensure multi-band resonance excitation; S3: Use the electromagnetic coupling effect between the symmetrical dipole and the batwing radiation sheet to make the batwing radiation sheet generate a secondary radiation signal to form a passive auxiliary radiation source; through coupling parameter optimization, the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal form a circular polarization superposition condition; S4: The symmetrical dipole and the batwing radiation sheet cooperatively control the amplitude and phase relationship of the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal, and through the spatial vector superposition of the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal, the collaborative optimization effect of Beidou multi-band coverage, horizontal plane radiation pattern optimization, gain improvement, circular polarization characteristic improvement and phase center stability is realized.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal processing method is applied to a batwing antenna with a radio frequency (RF) transducer. The feed network transmits equal-amplitude in-phase excitation signals to the symmetrical dipoles of each layer of radiation units to make the main radiation signals of each layer of radiation units realize synchronous superposition.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal processing method is applied to a batwing antenna. The total length of the symmetrical dipole is set to be half the wavelength of the target center frequency of Beidou, so that the excitation signal can excite the symmetrical dipole to generate efficient basic resonant radiation.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal processing method is applied to a batwing antenna. The excitation signal is fed in a balanced manner, specifically through a coaxial cable sleeved on the support rod, the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected with one dipole arm of the symmetrical dipole, and the outer conductor is connected with the other dipole arm, so that the symmetrical dipole obtains stable excitation signal.

5. The signal collaborative processing method of a radio frequency vibrator and a batwing antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The batwing radiation sheet induces the amplitude and phase of the induced current by setting the distance between the batwing radiation sheet and the symmetrical dipole, the bending angle and the aspect ratio of the batwing radiation sheet, so that the secondary radiation signal and the main radiation signal form a positive superposition effect in the Beidou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands, and the circular polarization radiation characteristic is realized through the symmetrical structure and angle design of the batwing radiation sheet.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal processing method is applied to a batwing antenna. The specific implementation of the Beidou multi-band coverage is as follows: Using the basic resonance mode of the symmetrical dipole in the Beidou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands, combined with the secondary resonance mode of the batwing radiation sheet in the corresponding frequency band, a plurality of resonance points are formed, and by adjusting the coupling parameters of the two, the resonance points are smoothly integrated to realize complete coverage of the Beidou B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal processing method is applied to a batwing antenna. The specific implementation of the horizontal plane radiation pattern optimization is as follows: By controlling the phase of the secondary radiation signal of the batwing radiation sheet, the interference of the support rod and the dipole itself on the radiation field is compensated, so that the horizontal plane radiation pattern is close to a circle, and the non-circularity is better than a preset threshold.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal processing method is applied to a batwing antenna. The specific implementation of the circular polarization characteristic improvement is as follows: By optimizing the bending angle of the bat-wing radiation sheet and the relative position of the symmetrical dipole, the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal form orthogonal polarization components, and the amplitudes of the two components are equal and the phase difference is 90°, realizing circular polarization radiation, and the circular polarization axial ratio is less than a preset value.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal processing method is applied to a batwing antenna. The specific implementation of the gain improvement is: Through the synergistic superposition of the main radiation signal and the secondary radiation signal of the multi-layer radiation unit, the array gain of the antenna at the Beidou B1, B2 and B3 frequencies reaches above a preset threshold, and the radiation efficiency is improved.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The structural parameters of the bat-wing radiation sheet control the electromagnetic coupling strength, and the structural parameters include the height, width and outward bending angle of the lower end of the bat-wing radiation sheet, wherein the height of the bat-wing radiation sheet is greater than or equal to the length of the symmetrical dipole arm.

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