Multi-bundle stranded drainage grounding wire and electrical equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-bundle stranded drainage grounding wire and electrical equipment. The grounding wire comprises at least two strands of mutually independent conductive core bodies, the insulating protective layer is coated outside each conductive core body; the anti-abrasion binding layer is bound on the plurality of strands of conductive core bodies coated with the insulating protective layers and is used for enabling the plurality of strands of conductive core bodies to form a bundled wire; the two ends of the clustered wire are connected with a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact respectively, the first electrode contact is used for being connected with equipment to be grounded or a circuit to be grounded, and the second electrode contact is used for being connected with a grounding electrode or a grounding switch; by adopting a multi-strand conductive core body parallel connection structure, electrical path redundancy is formed, and the risk of electric shock or equipment damage is reduced; by arranging the independent insulating protective layer, short circuit caused by friction and extrusion between the cores is effectively prevented, the multiple strands of conductive cores are bundled into a whole through the anti-abrasion bundling layer, arrangement and retraction are facilitated, and mechanical stress such as pulling and friction can be remarkably resisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power equipment technology, and in particular to a multi-strand parallel grounding wire and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] During the maintenance of electrical equipment in high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage substations, to ensure the safety of workers, grounding wires must be reliably installed on de-energized equipment or lines to discharge residual charges and prevent electric shock accidents caused by induced voltage generated by nearby energized lines. Especially near 220kV, 550kV, and other transmission lines with multiple circuits on the same tower or densely packed together, de-energized lines may generate tens of kilovolts of high voltage due to electromagnetic induction and electrostatic induction, posing a serious threat to maintenance work.

[0003] Traditional grounding wires have significant limitations in practical applications: First, electrical reliability is insufficient. Traditional grounding wires are single electrical paths. If the conductor itself has broken strands or is damaged, or if the contact resistance at the clamp connection point is too high due to corrosion or loosening, the entire grounding circuit may fail and lose its protective function. This poses an extremely high risk in environments with high induced voltage.

[0004] Secondly, it has poor mechanical durability and environmental adaptability. Substation sites have complex terrain, and grounding wires often need to be dragged and rubbed against the ground and between structures. Single-layer conductors are easily scratched and worn by sharp objects, and the insulation layer (if present) ages and cracks quickly, resulting in a short service life and the need for frequent replacement. Moreover, the failure due to damage is often hidden.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of grounding wire structure that combines high electrical reliability, strong mechanical protection, excellent heat dissipation and current carrying characteristics, and can be well adapted to mechanized operations, so as to fundamentally improve the safety level and work efficiency of grounding operations during high-voltage substation maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to address the above problems by providing a multi-strand parallel grounding wire and electrical equipment.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a multi-strand parallel-strand grounding wire, comprising: At least two independent conductive cores; An insulating protective layer is provided, which covers the exterior of each of the conductive cores. Abrasion-resistant bundling layer is provided, which is bound to multiple conductive cores covered with the insulating protective layer, so that the multiple conductive cores form a bundled wire. The first electrode connector and the second electrode connector are respectively connected to the two ends of the bundled wire; The first electrode connector is used to connect to the equipment or line to be grounded, and the second electrode connector is used to connect to the grounding electrode or grounding switch.

[0008] According to the technical solutions provided in certain embodiments of this application, the conductive core is made of multiple strands of copper wire twisted together.

[0009] According to the technical solutions provided in certain embodiments of this application, the insulating protective layer is made of rubber and PVC.

[0010] According to the technical solutions provided in certain embodiments of this application, the anti-wear binding layer is an abrasion-resistant fabric or an insulating tape with self-adhesive function.

[0011] According to the technical solutions provided in certain embodiments of this application, the first electrode connector is a hook, clamp or terminal that matches the line to be grounded; the second electrode connector is a terminal block or bolt fixing structure.

[0012] According to the technical solutions provided in certain embodiments of this application, the number of conductive cores is two to seven.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides an electrical device, including a multi-strand parallel grounding wire as described above, and a mobile bearing assembly, wherein the mobile bearing assembly is provided with a grounding switch, and the grounding terminal of the grounding switch is connected to the grounding grid of the substation.

[0014] According to the technical solutions provided in certain embodiments of this application, the grounding switch includes: A transmission box, which is mounted on the movable load-bearing assembly; An operating mechanism, which is mounted on the transmission box, is used to close and open the grounding switch through the transmission box; An arc-extinguishing chamber is located on one side of the transmission box and is used to extinguish the arc during the closing and opening processes of the grounding switch. A terminal block is located at the end of the arc-extinguishing chamber away from the transmission box, and the terminal block is fixedly connected to the second electrode connector.

[0015] According to the technical solutions provided in some embodiments of this application, an auxiliary hanging and dismantling mechanism is also included, which is used to clamp the first electrode connector and hang the first electrode connector on the line to be grounded.

[0016] According to the technical solutions provided in some embodiments of this application, a voltage detector is also included. The voltage detector is used to detect whether the voltage of the multiple strands of parallel grounding wires reaches a safe value after the grounding switch is closed.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application provides a multi-strand parallel grounding wire and electrical equipment. The grounding wire includes at least two independent conductive cores; an insulating protective layer covering the outside of each conductive core; an anti-wear binding layer binding the multiple conductive cores covered with the insulating protective layer, the anti-wear binding layer being used to form a bundled conductor of the multiple conductive cores; the two ends of the bundled conductor are respectively connected to a first electrode connector and a second electrode connector, wherein the first electrode connector is used to connect to the equipment to be grounded or the line to be grounded, and the second electrode connector is used to connect to the grounding electrode or grounding switch. By employing a parallel structure of at least two independent conductive cores, electrical path redundancy is achieved. Even if a single core fails due to accidental damage or poor contact, the remaining cores can still maintain effective grounding continuity, greatly improving the reliability of grounding protection and reducing the risk of electric shock or equipment damage caused by grounding failure. By setting an independent insulating protective layer on the outside of each conductive core, short circuits caused by friction and compression between cores are effectively prevented, and basic protection is provided. The outer anti-wear binding layer tightly and firmly binds multiple conductive cores into a whole, which not only facilitates deployment and storage, but also significantly resists mechanical stresses such as pulling and friction during on-site operations, extending the service life of the grounding wire. It is especially suitable for repeated use in complex and harsh substation maintenance environments. The parallel structure of multiple conductive cores can effectively reduce the resistance of the overall grounding circuit and improve the charge release efficiency, which is especially beneficial for the rapid discharge of high voltage induced charge; at the same time, the current shunting effect reduces the current carried by each core, which helps to reduce heat generation, improve heat dissipation performance, and avoid damage to the insulation layer or safety hazards caused by local overheating. The specially designed first and second electrode connectors can be quickly and reliably connected to the equipment to be grounded (such as high-voltage lines) and the grounding terminal (such as grounding switches or grounding grids), respectively. This modular and standardized connector design simplifies the operation process, making it convenient for manual use of insulated operating rods for hanging and unhanging, and also easy to adapt and clamp with the end effectors of automated tools such as robotic arms, providing a foundation for safe and efficient remote or automated grounding operations.

[0018] It should be understood that the descriptions of technical features, technical solutions, beneficial effects, or similar language in this application do not imply that all features and advantages can be achieved in any single embodiment. Rather, it is understood that the description of a feature or beneficial effect means that a specific technical feature, technical solution, or beneficial effect is included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the descriptions of technical features, technical solutions, or beneficial effects in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the technical features, technical solutions, and beneficial effects described in this embodiment can be combined in any suitable manner. Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments can be implemented without one or more specific technical features, technical solutions, or beneficial effects of a particular embodiment. In other embodiments, additional technical features and beneficial effects may be identified in specific embodiments that do not embody all embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-strand parallel grounding wire provided in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-strand parallel grounding wire provided in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 3 This is an internal top view of the second electrode connector of a multi-strand parallel-strand grounding wire provided in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 4 An internal side view of the second electrode connector of a multi-strand parallel-strand grounding wire provided in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a grounding switch for an electrical device provided in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0021] The text labels in the image represent: 1. Conductive core; 2. Insulating protective layer; 3. Anti-wear binding layer; 4. First electrode connector; 5. Second electrode connector; 6. Transmission box; 7. Operating mechanism; 8. Arc extinguishing chamber; 9. Terminal block; 10. Housing; 11. Mounting base plate; 12. Terminal clamp; 13. Busbar output board; 14. First section; 15. Second section; 16. Heat sink; 17. Transistor; 18. Equivalent resistance; 19. Current sensor; 20. Control circuit board. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The descriptions in this section are merely illustrative and explanatory, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. Specifically, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0024] Example 1 As mentioned in the background section, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, this embodiment provides a multi-strand parallel grounding wire, including: At least two independent conductive cores 1; An insulating protective layer 2 is provided, which covers the outside of each of the conductive cores 1. Abrasion-resistant binding layer 3 is used to bind multiple conductive cores 1 covered with the insulating protective layer 2, so that the multiple conductive cores 1 form a bundled wire. The first electrode connector 4 and the second electrode connector 5 are respectively connected to the two ends of the bundled wire; The first electrode connector 4 is used to connect to the equipment or line to be grounded, and the second electrode connector 5 is used to connect to the grounding electrode or grounding switch.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the grounding wire in this embodiment includes at least two independent conductive cores 1. The conductive cores 1 are made of multiple strands of soft copper wire twisted together. The design of multiple conductive cores 1 creates physical and electrical redundancy. Under high induced voltage conditions, even if a core is partially broken due to damage from sharp objects on the ground during dragging, or if its connection point with the electrode connector becomes slightly loose due to vibration, resulting in increased contact resistance, the other parallel cores can still independently undertake the task of discharging induced charges, ensuring that the grounding circuit as a whole does not fail, greatly improving the safety margin in hazardous environments; the insulating protective layer 2 covers each strand. The outer layer of the conductive core 1 is made of wear-resistant PVC material and rubber. First, rubber is extruded and wrapped around each copper strand to form an inner insulation layer, providing excellent electrical insulation performance to withstand induced voltages up to 80kV. Then, a wear-resistant PVC sheath is wrapped around the outer layer, serving as the first line of mechanical protection against ground friction and gravel scratches. The core function of the wear-resistant bundling layer 3 is to bundle the multiple conductive cores 1 into a whole, namely the aforementioned bundled wires. Bundling facilitates storage, handling, and robotic arm gripping. More importantly, the wear-resistant bundling layer 3 provides a second and outermost layer. For mechanical protection, in substation sites, grounding wires need to be dragged under the line, which may involve continuous friction with cement floors, steel frame angle irons, etc. The abrasion-resistant binding layer 3 can be made of high-strength abrasion-resistant fiber braided tape (such as aramid fiber tape) or high-performance insulating tape (such as self-adhesive rubber insulating tape). The abrasion-resistant binding layer 3 can directly withstand most mechanical wear, protecting the internal insulating protective layer 2 and conductive core 1, significantly extending the service life of the entire grounding wire system. The first electrode connector 4 is used to connect the equipment or line to be grounded. The specific form of the first electrode connector 4 can be a grounding wire hook. The hook is designed with a strong spring clip or locking mechanism to ensure that it can be firmly attached to the transmission line with a voltage level of 220kV or higher. It is not easy to fall off even under certain wind force or micro-movement of the robotic arm. The grounding wire hook is usually made of high-strength, high-conductivity copper alloy and is reliably connected to the multi-strand conductive core 1 in the bundled conductor by crimping or welding. The second electrode connector 5 is used to connect the grounding electrode or grounding switch. The specific form of the second electrode connector 5 can be a copper terminal block or a connecting plate with bolt holes. It is firmly electrically connected to the grounding switch by bolts to ensure low contact resistance.

[0026] By employing a parallel structure of at least two independent conductive cores, electrical path redundancy is achieved. Even if a single core fails due to accidental damage or poor contact, the remaining cores can still maintain effective grounding continuity, greatly improving the reliability of grounding protection and reducing the risk of electric shock or equipment damage caused by grounding failure. By setting an independent insulating protective layer 2 on the outside of each conductive core 1, short circuits caused by friction and compression between cores are effectively prevented, and basic protection is provided. The outer anti-wear binding layer 3 tightly and firmly binds the multiple conductive cores into a whole, which not only facilitates installation and storage, but also significantly resists mechanical stresses such as pulling and friction during on-site operations, extending the service life of the grounding wire. It is especially suitable for repeated use in complex and harsh substation maintenance environments. The parallel structure of multiple conductive cores can effectively reduce the resistance of the overall grounding circuit and improve the charge release efficiency, which is especially beneficial for the rapid discharge of high voltage induced charge. At the same time, the current shunting effect reduces the current carried by each core, which helps to reduce heat generation, improve heat dissipation performance, and avoid damage to the insulation layer or safety hazards caused by local overheating. The specially designed first electrode connector 4 and second electrode connector 5 can be quickly and reliably connected to the equipment to be grounded (such as a high-voltage line) and the grounding terminal (such as a grounding switch or grounding grid), respectively. This modular and standardized connector design simplifies the operation process, making it convenient for manual use of an insulated operating rod for hanging and unhanging, and also easy to adapt and clamp with the end effector of automated operation tools such as robotic arms, providing a foundation for safe and efficient remote or automated grounding operations.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the conductive core 1 is made of multiple strands of copper wire twisted together.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the conductive core 1 is made of multiple strands of soft copper wire twisted together, rather than a single thick copper rod, giving it excellent flexibility. This allows the entire grounding wire to bend flexibly, facilitating its dragging and coiling within the complex equipment areas of a substation, and also making it easier for the robotic arm's end effector to grasp and adjust its posture. Simultaneously, the twisted structure can disperse stress through micro-displacement between the strands when subjected to repeated bending, reducing the risk of fracture due to metal fatigue. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductive core 1 is 25mm². 2 The core is selected based on the rated short-time withstand current and induced voltage discharge requirements. In other embodiments, other specifications of conductive core 1 may also be selected.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the insulating protective layer 2 is made of rubber and / or PVC.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the insulating protective layer 2 has a double-layer structure. The inner layer is made of weather-resistant, ozone-resistant, and high dielectric strength synthetic rubber (such as EPDM rubber). The inner layer tightly covers the conductive core 1, providing the main electrical insulation barrier. The thickness of the inner layer needs to be designed according to the highest possible induced voltage to ensure sufficient safety distance in humid, dirty, and other field environments. The outer layer is made of PVC material. Polyvinyl chloride has low cost, high mechanical strength, and excellent wear resistance. As the physical protective sleeve of the inner edge layer, it directly copes with ground friction and minor impacts. The outer PVC sheath is usually designed in bright colors and also has a warning function. This "soft and hard combination" double or multi-layer insulation structure greatly improves the durability of the grounding wire in harsh working environments while ensuring insulation performance.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the abrasion-resistant binding layer 3 is an abrasion-resistant fabric or an insulating tape with self-adhesive function.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the anti-abrasion binding layer 3 can be made of high-strength polyester, aramid, or high-modulus polyethylene fiber woven binding tape. The binding tape has extremely high tensile strength and abrasion resistance. Using special tools or manual knotting, multiple strands of conductive core 1 are tightly bound together. Its rough surface can increase the uniformity of resistance when rubbing against the ground and reduce sliding wear. At the same time, the binding tape itself has a certain degree of insulation and flame retardancy, which increases safety. The anti-abrasion binding layer 3 can also be made of rubber self-adhesive tape or high-performance electrical insulating tape. The anti-abrasion binding layer 3 is wrapped from one end of the bundled wires to the other end in a semi-overlapping manner. The number of layers is usually 2-3. The self-adhesive properties of the tape make it fuse together after wrapping, forming a strong and sealed protective shell. It can not only prevent abrasion, but also prevent moisture and dirt to a certain extent. At the same time, it is easy to construct and has good integrity.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the first electrode connector 4 is a hook, clamp, or terminal block that matches the line to be grounded; the second electrode connector 5 is a terminal block or bolt fixing structure.

[0034] like Figure 2As shown, the first electrode connector 4 is a grounding hook that matches the line to be grounded. For cylindrical conductors of high-voltage transmission lines, a spring-loaded hook or a spiral locking clamp is preferred. The opening size and clamping force of the grounding hook are specially designed to accommodate conductors of different diameters and ensure good contact under possible micro-wind vibration. The grounding hook may have a wear-resistant conductive pad embedded inside to reduce contact resistance and prevent damage to the conductor. The second electrode connector 5 can be a flat copper terminal block with multiple bolt holes. During installation, stainless steel bolts, nuts, and spring washers are used to fix the terminal block to the grounding switch. The bolt fixing structure provides a reliable connection, a large contact area, which is conducive to passing large currents and is easy to disassemble and maintain.

[0035] Furthermore, the second electrode connector 5 can also integrate monitoring and dynamic adjustment functions. The second electrode connector 5 includes a housing 10, an electrical connection module, a heat dissipation adjustment module, a sensor acquisition module, a control module, and a communication interface module. For details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The outer shell 10 includes an upper shell and a lower shell, which together enclose a first space; The electrical connection module includes a mounting base plate 11, which is disposed in the first space and fixed to the lower housing. The mounting base plate 11 can be made of alumina ceramic substrate or aluminum nitride ceramic substrate, which has excellent insulation, high mechanical strength and excellent thermal conductivity. The mounting base plate 11 is provided with multiple pairs of terminal clamps 12, which are evenly distributed along a direction parallel to the mounting base plate 11. The terminal clamps 12 can be made of beryllium copper alloy with high conductivity and corrosion resistance. Each pair of terminal clamps 12 is used to fix and electrically connect to each conductive core 1. An insulating partition is provided between each pair of terminal clamps 12. A conductive bridge is fixed on one of the terminal clamps 12 in each pair. The free ends of multiple conductive bridges are connected to a bus output board 13. The bus output board 13 is used to connect to the grounding electrode or grounding switch. The conductive bridges and the bus output board 13 can also be made of tin-plated copper alloy. The heat dissipation adjustment module includes a heat sink 16, which may be made of aluminum with a finned structure. The heat sink 16 is located in the first space and is also fixed to the lower housing. The lower housing and the upper housing are respectively provided with grilles corresponding to the heat sink 16. The heat sink 16 is provided with a power MOS field-effect transistor (hereinafter referred to as transistor) and a sampling resistor. An insulating thermal pad is provided between the transistor 17 and the heat sink 16. The sampling resistor is fixed to the heat sink 16 by high-temperature silicone. The conductive bridge includes a first segment 14 and a second segment 15. The first segment 14 is fixed to the terminal clamp 12, and the second segment 15 is fixed to the bus output board 13. There is a gap between the first segment 14 and the second segment 15. The free end of the first segment 14 is electrically connected to the drain of the transistor 17. The source of the transistor 17 is electrically connected to one end of the sampling resistor, and the other end of the sampling resistor is electrically connected to the second segment 15. The sensing and acquisition module includes a current sensor 19 and a temperature sensor. The current sensor 19 can be a miniature open-type Hall current sensor. Multiple current sensors 19 are arranged around the first segment 14 of each conductive bridge and are snapped and fixed on the mounting base plate 11. The temperature sensor can be a PT100 thin film platinum resistance thermometer. Multiple temperature sensors are respectively bonded to the crimping point of each pair of terminal clamps 12, the surface of the heat sink 16, near the transistor 17, and on the bus output board 13 with thermally conductive adhesive. The control module includes a control circuit board 20, which is located in the first space, directly above the heat sink 16, and fixed to the lower housing. The control circuit board 20 integrates a microcontroller, an isolated gate driver array, a signal conditioning circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, and a power management circuit. The microcontroller is electrically connected to all current sensors 19 and temperature sensors through the signal conditioning circuit and the analog-to-digital converter. The PWM output pin of the microcontroller is electrically connected to the gate (G) of each transistor 17 through the isolated gate driver. The microcontroller is configured to collect the current value of each conductive core 1 in real time and calculate the average current value and deviation. When the current deviation of a certain conductive core 1 exceeds a set threshold, the equivalent resistance 18 of the branch is dynamically adjusted by adjusting the PWM duty cycle of the corresponding transistor 17 to make the current of each branch tend to be balanced. The communication interface module includes a communication interface located on the side wall of the housing 10. The communication interface is electrically connected to the control circuit board 20. The communication interface includes an RS-485 wired interface, a LoRa wireless module antenna interface, and a Bluetooth module. It is used to communicate with external monitoring systems or handheld terminals, upload current, temperature, current sharing status and fault information of each channel, and receive remote control commands or parameter settings.

[0036] When the second electrode connector 5 is connected via the ground wire, the microcontroller in the control module first executes the initialization program, initializing the internal clock, timer, analog-to-digital converter, and communication interface; then it performs a self-test: the microcontroller reads the data from each current sensor 19 and temperature sensor to confirm that all sensors are communicating normally; it checks the feedback status of each isolated gate driver; it reads the historical parameters and configuration in the memory; if the self-test passes, all transistors 17 are initialized to a fully conducting state (or a high duty cycle state), and the system enters monitoring mode, waiting for the current signal; if the self-test fails, the fault indicator light illuminates and the specific error code is reported through the communication interface.

[0037] After the system enters steady-state operation, the microcontroller starts the adjustment cycle at a fixed period (e.g., 1 millisecond). In each control cycle, the current sensor 19 synchronously collects the real-time current value on the first segment 14 of each conductive bridge and sends the analog signal to the control circuit board 20. The signal conditioning circuit filters and amplifies the signal, and the analog-to-digital converter converts it into a digital quantity. At the same time, the temperature value collected by each temperature sensor is also read in synchronously. The microcontroller performs calibration and digital filtering on these raw data and calculates the effective current value and temperature value of each channel.

[0038] After receiving the processed current data from each channel, the microcontroller calculates the average current across all channels. Then, it calculates the current deviation for each channel, which is the difference between the average current and the current value of each channel. The microcontroller has a preset deviation threshold (e.g., set to ±10% of the average value). The current deviation value of each channel is compared with this threshold. If the current deviation values ​​of all paths are less than the deviation threshold, the microcontroller determines the current state as "balanced" and maintains the current PWM duty cycle of each transistor 17, and enters the next cycle; If the current deviation value of any path continues to exceed the deviation threshold, the microcontroller determines that the current state is "unequal current" and then starts dynamic adjustment.

[0039] The microcontroller calculates the required PWM duty cycle change to offset the deviation based on its magnitude and direction, using a built-in PID control algorithm. The PID control algorithm and calculation process are existing technologies and will not be elaborated upon here. The microcontroller outputs a duty cycle adjustment signal, which, after power amplification and electrical isolation by the corresponding isolated gate driver, is applied to the gate (G) of the transistor 17 to be adjusted. By changing the on-time (duty cycle) of transistor 17 within one cycle, the equivalent resistance 18 between its drain (D) and source (S) is dynamically adjusted. When the current value of a certain path is less than the average current of all paths, the current deviation is positive. The microcontroller uses this to determine that the current in that path is "insufficient" and increases the PWM duty cycle of transistor 17, i.e., decreases the current of transistor 17. The equivalent resistance 18 between the drain and source of transistor 7; conversely, when the current value of a certain path is greater than the average value of the currents of all paths, the current deviation value is negative. The microcontroller uses this to determine that the current of that path is "excessive" and reduces the PWM duty cycle of transistor 17, that is, increases the equivalent resistance 18 between the drain and source of transistor 17; when the absolute value of the current deviation of a certain path is larger, the microcontroller adjusts the PWM duty cycle of transistor 17 by a larger instantaneous amplitude to quickly make up for the current gap; when the absolute value of the current deviation of a certain path is smaller, the microcontroller adjusts the PWM duty cycle of transistor 17 by a smaller instantaneous amplitude to avoid oscillation caused by over-adjustment. This adjustment is continuous and dynamic until the current of all branches returns to the allowable deviation range.

[0040] Multiple independent parallel conductive cores 1 and corresponding independent electrical connection modules form multiple physical parallel paths. Even if a single core experiences increased resistance or even failure due to internal breakage, loose connection points, or corrosion, the remaining parallel paths can still independently undertake the task of current discharge, fundamentally avoiding the loss of the entire grounding protection function due to the failure of a single path.

[0041] By monitoring and dynamically adjusting the current balance of each conductive core 1 in real time through the sensing and control modules, it is ensured that in the case of multiple parallel connections, the current will not concentrate on one or two paths due to the natural difference in impedance of each conductive core 1, thereby avoiding the "short board effect" and local overload heating, making the redundant design truly reliable and effective; even in high induced voltage environments, it can ensure that the grounding circuit as a whole is continuously in a low-resistance, high-efficiency discharge state.

[0042] By setting up a heat dissipation adjustment module, the heat generated by components such as transistor 17 and sampling resistor is efficiently dissipated and cooled through the grille of the housing 10. Combined with the monitoring of the temperature sensor, insulation aging or device damage caused by overheating can be prevented, significantly improving durability under continuous operation or high load.

[0043] By integrating current sensor 19, temperature sensor and communication interface module, key parameters such as current, temperature, current sharing and connection status of each conductive core 1 can be monitored in real time. In case of fault, it can accurately locate and immediately alarm, changing the passive situation of "unknown failure rate" of traditional grounding wire.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the number of conductive cores 1 is two to seven.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the two conductive cores 1 are the most basic redundant configuration, which can ensure that when one fails completely, the other can independently undertake the task of current discharge, which is significantly better than the single-strand structure. At the same time, the high induced voltage and potentially large induced charge in the substation require the grounding wire to have sufficient current carrying capacity and heat dissipation area. Too many strands will lead to an excessively large diameter of the bundled wire, a significant increase in weight, and a decrease in flexibility, which will make it difficult for the robotic arm to grasp and drag, and will also increase costs. The maximum number of conductive cores 1 is seven strands. In other embodiments of this application, the specific number of strands can be determined according to the actual situation, as long as the grounding wire requirements can be met and the manufacturing cost is reasonable.

[0046] Example 2 This embodiment provides an electrical device, including a multi-strand parallel grounding wire as described above, and a mobile bearing assembly. The mobile bearing assembly is equipped with a grounding switch, and the grounding terminal of the grounding switch is connected to the grounding grid of the substation.

[0047] The mobile load-bearing assembly includes a frame with insulated rubber tires at the bottom for supporting and moving heavy components such as grounding switches. The mobile load-bearing assembly can be manually pushed or driven by a motor, making it easy to move flexibly to different work points within the substation. The grounding switch is installed on the mobile load-bearing assembly, and its grounding terminal is reliably connected to the substation's grounding grid via a copper busbar or cable, forming the final end of the discharge channel.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the grounding switch includes: Transmission box 6, which is mounted on the movable bearing assembly; Operating mechanism 7, which is mounted on the transmission box 6, is used to close and open the grounding switch through the transmission box 6; Arc-extinguishing chamber 8, located on one side of the transmission box 6, is used to extinguish the arc during the closing and opening processes of the grounding switch; A terminal block 9 is located at one end of the arc-extinguishing chamber 8 away from the transmission box 6, and the terminal block 9 is fixedly connected to the second electrode connector 5.

[0049] like Figure 5As shown, the transmission box 6 is fixed to the frame of the mobile load-bearing component and is the core of the power and transmission of the switch. It contains mechanisms such as worm gears and connecting rods. The operating mechanism 7 is located on the transmission box 6 and can be a manual operating lever (with an insulated handle) or an electric or pneumatic mechanism. The operator drives the internal mechanical structure of the transmission box 6 through the operating mechanism 7 (local or remote control), ultimately achieving the closing (connection) and opening (disconnection) of the moving and stationary contacts of the grounding switch. The arc-extinguishing chamber 8 is installed on one side of the transmission box 6 and is the core safety component of the grounding switch. The arc-extinguishing chamber 8 has special gas-generating materials and a magnetic blow-out or compressed air structure. When the operating mechanism 7 performs a closing or opening operation, the generated arc is quickly extinguished. The arc enters the arc-extinguishing chamber 8. Inside the arc-extinguishing chamber 8, the arc's own energy is used to generate high-pressure gas from the gas-generating material, or mechanical compression is used to forcefully cool and stretch the arc, ensuring that it is reliably extinguished when the current crosses zero. This ensures that the arc initiation and extinguishing processes are confined within the sealed or shielded arc-extinguishing chamber 8, preventing the arc from being exposed and causing harm to operators, robotic arms, or surrounding equipment. The terminal block 9 is located at the end of the arc-extinguishing chamber 8 away from the transmission box 6 (usually located on the stationary contact side). The terminal block 9 is an exposed, flat metal (copper) plate used to be fixedly connected to the second electrode connector 5 by bolts. The terminal block 9 is connected to the stationary and moving contact system of the arc-extinguishing chamber 8 through the conductor inside the switch, ultimately leading to the grounding terminal.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, an auxiliary hanging and dismantling mechanism is further included, which is used to clamp the first electrode connector 4 and hang the first electrode connector 4 on the line to be grounded.

[0051] The auxiliary hooking and dismantling mechanism can be a remote-controlled electric robotic arm. This mechanism is used to grab the first electrode connector 4 (i.e., the grounding wire hook) and accurately and reliably hook it onto the line to be grounded. After the operation is completed, it can be safely removed. The remote-controlled electric robotic arm weighs approximately 1500 kg and has a maximum lifting height of 10 meters, which is sufficient to handle the height of high-voltage lines. Its maximum working load is 50 kg, which is sufficient to support the weight of the grounding wire and hook. The end of the remote-controlled electric robotic arm is equipped with an insulation section with an effective insulation length of not less than 1 meter to ensure that the operator or remote control equipment has sufficient safety distance from the high-voltage side. The remote-controlled electric robotic arm has vertical lifting and lateral extension functions. When performing side phase (A phase or C phase) operations, it can be flexibly positioned by combining lifting and lateral extension. When performing middle phase (B phase) operations, the lifting function can be mainly used to reduce the lateral extension range to avoid the risk of insufficient safety distance with adjacent energized phases.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the device further includes a voltage detector, which is used to detect whether the voltage of the multiple strands of parallel grounding wires reaches a safe value after the grounding switch is closed.

[0053] An electric detector can be a standalone portable device or integrated into an auxiliary hanging and dismantling mechanism. Its working principle can be contact-type or non-contact (electric field induction) electric detector. After the first electrode connector 4 is hung on the line to be grounded, the grounding switch is closed. After closing, theoretically, the line charge should be discharged to the ground through the grounding wire. However, to ensure the grounding circuit is effective and has good contact, an electric detector must be performed. Use the electric detector to touch or approach the grounding wire that has been hung (usually near the end of the line or in the middle where it is easy to touch). If the electric detector shows no power or the voltage is within the safe range, it proves that the multiple strands of parallel grounding wire, the grounding switch and the entire grounding grid circuit are working normally and the line has been reliably grounded. Only then can the subsequent steps be carried out. If the electric detector still shows a dangerous voltage, it indicates that there may be a fault such as poor connection in the grounding circuit, a broken core, or the grounding switch not being effectively closed. Work must be stopped immediately and the problem must be investigated.

[0054] Working principle: The mobile carrier assembly carrying the grounding switch is moved to the area below the A-phase line to be grounded. The second electrode connector 5 of the multiple strands of parallel grounding wires is reliably connected to the grounding switch terminal block 9. Simultaneously, it is confirmed that the grounding terminal of the grounding switch is reliably connected to the substation's grounding grid. Power is supplied to the operating mechanism 7 of the grounding switch. The auxiliary hook-and-unhook mechanism is moved to the work point and used to clamp the first electrode connector 4 of the multiple strands of parallel grounding wires. The first electrode connector 4 is hooked onto the A-phase power outage line via the auxiliary hook-and-unhook mechanism. After completion, the auxiliary hook-and-unhook mechanism can release the clamp while maintaining a safe distance. The operating mechanism 7 of the grounding switch is then operated to close the circuit. The electric arc generated during the closing process is extinguished by the arc-extinguishing chamber 8. The voltage of the multiple strands of parallel grounding wires that have been connected is checked using a voltage tester to confirm that the voltage has reached a safe value. After the voltage test confirms safety, an additional backup grounding wire can be added as required. The operating mechanism 7 of the grounding switch is operated to open the circuit breaker. The opening arc is extinguished by the arc-extinguishing chamber 8. The first electrode connector 4 is removed through the auxiliary hanging and dismantling mechanism, the multiple strands of parallel grounding wires are gathered, and the auxiliary hanging and dismantling mechanism and the moving load-bearing component are removed. For the operation of the B-phase line and the C-phase line, the electrical equipment needs to be transferred to the corresponding B-phase line or C-phase line. The operation can be carried out according to the above procedure, and will not be repeated again.

[0055] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that due to the limitations of written expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-strand parallel-strand grounding wire, characterized in that, include: At least two independent conductive cores (1); An insulating protective layer (2) is provided, which covers the outside of each of the conductive cores (1); Abrasion-resistant binding layer (3) is bound to multiple strands of conductive core (1) covered with the insulating protective layer (2) so that the multiple strands of conductive core (1) form a bundled wire. The first electrode connector (4) and the second electrode connector (5) are respectively connected to the two ends of the bundled wire; The first electrode connector (4) is used to connect to the equipment or line to be grounded, and the second electrode connector (5) is used to connect to the grounding electrode or grounding switch.

2. The multi-strand parallel-strand grounding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive core (1) is made of multiple strands of copper wire twisted together.

3. The multi-strand parallel-strand grounding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating protective layer (2) is made of rubber and PVC.

4. A multi-strand parallel-strand grounding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abrasion-resistant binding layer (3) is abrasion-resistant fabric or insulating tape with self-adhesive function.

5. A multi-strand parallel-strand grounding wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first electrode connector (4) is a hook, clamp or terminal that matches the line to be grounded; the second electrode connector (5) is a terminal block or bolt fixing structure.

6. A multi-strand parallel-strand grounding wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The number of conductive cores (1) is two to seven.

7. An electrical device, characterized in that, The device includes a multi-strand parallel grounding wire as described in any one of claims 1-6, and also includes a mobile bearing assembly, wherein the mobile bearing assembly is provided with a grounding switch, and the grounding terminal of the grounding switch is connected to the grounding grid of the substation.

8. An electrical device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The grounding switch includes: Transmission box (6), the transmission box (6) is disposed on the mobile bearing assembly; Operating mechanism (7), the operating mechanism (7) is provided on the transmission box (6), and is used to realize the closing and opening of the grounding switch through the transmission box (6); Arc extinguishing chamber (8), which is located on one side of the transmission box (6), is used to extinguish the arc during the closing and opening processes of the grounding switch; A terminal block (9) is located at one end of the arc-extinguishing chamber (8) away from the transmission box (6), and the terminal block (9) is fixedly connected to the second electrode connector (5).

9. An electrical device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an auxiliary hanging and dismantling mechanism, which is used to clamp the first electrode connector (4) and hang the first electrode connector (4) on the line to be grounded.

10. An electrical device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage detector, which is used to detect whether the voltage of the multiple strands of parallel grounding wires reaches a safe value after the grounding switch is closed.

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