Intelligent panoramic on-line monitoring control system for transformer substation

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent substation panoramic online monitoring control system, and relates to the field of monitoring systems, and the system comprises a power grid grounding pulse line selection dynamic monitoring subsystem which is used for monitoring grounding pulse line selection signals; the intelligent power grid monitoring device background subsystem is used for monitoring power parameters, temperature and humidity of equipment in a power grid; the intelligent dehumidification device background subsystem is used for monitoring the dehumidification device; the circuit breaker mechanical characteristic on-line monitoring subsystem is used for circuit breaker on-line monitoring; the electrical fire monitoring subsystem is used for monitoring and controlling the fire detection device; the insulation online monitoring background subsystem is used for monitoring a cable, a lightning arrester, an insulator and a circuit breaker; the six-column full-phase voltage limiting device full life cycle online monitor subsystem is used for monitoring and controlling a lightning arrester; the cable fault on-line monitoring and positioning distance measurement subsystem is used for monitoring and positioning cable faults; and the electric energy quality monitoring device subsystem is used for monitoring electric energy quality. Panoramic on-line monitoring control of various monitoring data of the transformer substation is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of monitoring control systems, in particular to a panoramic online monitoring control system for intelligent substations. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous increase of energy consumption, the safe operation of the power system becomes more and more important. The safety, reliability and economy of substations, as an important part of the power system, directly affect the operation efficiency and stability of the entire power system. In recent years, computer technology, network communication technology and automation technology have developed rapidly. The wide application of these technologies provides strong support for the research and development of real-time monitoring and analysis platforms for power parameters in substations. Through the integration of these advanced technologies, the platform can realize real-time monitoring, data analysis and fault warning of various parameters in substations, thereby greatly improving the intelligent level of the power system.

[0003] Based on the production big data system, the operation big data system and the intelligent robot studio, a digital intelligent factory is built. The core of the digital factory is to build a digital system of the factory that covers the whole link of the material system, and to realize digital lean management and control of each link. On the basis of the digital system, big data analysis is realized to achieve intelligent operation and data decision. The production process is automated, the testing process is intelligent, the operation process is visualized, and the data collection is cloud-based.

[0004] The traditional monitoring system has the following problems: Data island: The traditional system mostly uses independent monitoring units, and the data of each subsystem is not effectively integrated, resulting in information fragmentation and difficulty in global analysis.

[0005] Passive operation mode: It relies on regular manual inspection, and the fault discovery is lagging behind, and it cannot realize real-time early warning of equipment abnormalities (such as transformer overload and line temperature overrun), which is easy to cause safety accidents.

[0006] Low detection accuracy and efficiency: The power key parameters rely on manual reading or single sensor monitoring, which is easily disturbed by the environment and lacks data accuracy.

[0007] Therefore, the present application provides a panoramic online monitoring control system for intelligent substations. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application provides a panoramic online monitoring control system for intelligent substations, which is used for realizing panoramic monitoring control of various monitoring information of substations.

[0009] According to an aspect of the present application, a panoramic online monitoring control system for intelligent substations is provided, which comprises: A power grid grounding pulse line selection dynamic monitoring subsystem is used for monitoring the grounding pulse line selection signal. The smart grid monitoring device backend subsystem is used to monitor the power parameters, temperature, and humidity of equipment in the power grid. It also supports ultrasonic AE detection and transient ground voltage (TEV) partial discharge monitoring. The power parameters include voltage, current, power factor, active power, and reactive power. Intelligent dehumidifier backend subsystem: used to monitor the dehumidifier; Circuit breaker mechanical characteristic online monitoring subsystem: used for online monitoring of circuit breakers; Electrical fire monitoring subsystem: used for monitoring and controlling fire detection devices; Insulation online monitoring backend subsystem: used to monitor cables, surge arresters, insulators, and circuit breakers; Six-column full-phase voltage limiting device full life cycle online monitoring instrument subsystem: used for monitoring and controlling surge arresters; Cable fault online monitoring and location ranging subsystem: used for monitoring and locating cable faults; Power quality monitoring device subsystem: used to monitor power quality.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the power grid grounding pulse line selection dynamic monitoring subsystem has the following functions: It can display device status in chart format; Supports quick switching of device information via buttons; Supports displaying various real-time monitoring parameters in chart format; Supports displaying the commissioning and shutdown status in a dynamic, one-dimensional graphical format; Supports display of substation primary diagrams and online status of pulse selection units, including offline, online, and fault. Supports displaying alarm information in pop-up window format; Supports displaying device alarm information in a list format.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the back-end subsystem of the smart grid monitoring device has the following functions: Equipped with temperature and humidity monitoring modules; Supports displaying device distribution and real-time data in the form of a floor plan; Supports displaying device alarm information in list format; It supports power parameter monitoring, including: current, voltage, power factor, active power and reactive power; Supports quick switching of device information via buttons; Supports ultrasonic AE and transient ground voltage (TEV) partial discharge monitoring; Supports smoke detection alarms; Supports arc light monitoring, with a light intensity detection range of 10–200,000 LX; Supports monitoring of dielectric loss; Supports displaying alarm information in pop-up window format.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the intelligent dehumidification device's backend subsystem has the following functions: Display the current ambient temperature, humidity, humidity start value, and humidity stop value in chart form; Display equipment malfunction status in card format; Set humidity start value, stop value, heating start value, and switch between manual / automatic dehumidification; Control the heating and dehumidifier operation, manually control humidification, and manually control the heating status; Over-temperature and over-humidity warning functions; Display device alarm information in list format.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the circuit breaker mechanical characteristic online monitoring subsystem has the following functions: The circuit breaker mechanical characteristic online monitoring subsystem has the following functions: Monitoring of open and closed status and energy storage current; Measurement of open and closed circuit status and energy storage voltage; Measurement of open circuit status, closed circuit status, and energy storage time; The circuit breaker's opening and closing coils and energy storage coils are monitored in real time, and an alarm is triggered when the coil current is abnormal. Opening state, closing state, and energy storage coil current curves; Real-time online monitoring of the circuit breaker's operating status.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the electrical fire monitoring subsystem has the following functions: Supports temperature and smoke detection; Supports setting warning and alarm values; Supports both local and remote sound and light alarms; Supports precise fault location; the location information includes: control cabinet number and measuring point. It supports distinguishing between "high temperature alarm" and "smoke alarm" alarm information.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the online insulation monitoring backend subsystem has the following functions: Supports display of device operating status; Supports graphical display of three-phase voltage and open-circuit voltage; Supports display of measured values ​​for monitoring cables, surge arresters, insulators, and circuit breakers; Supports alarm pop-ups when monitored objects exceed thresholds.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the six-column full-phase pressure limiting device full life cycle online monitoring instrument subsystem has the following functions: Supports displaying device distribution and real-time data in the form of a floor plan; Supports online monitoring of surge arrester insulation level; Supports setting warning or alarm values ​​for surge arrester insulation levels; Supports measurement of surge arrester leakage current; Supports displaying device alarm information status using icons.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the cable fault online monitoring and location ranging subsystem has the following functions: Supports monitoring device operating status: not running, normal, abnormal alarm, fault; Supports monitoring sensor operating status: not running, normal, abnormal alarm, fault; Supports displaying voltage traveling wave acquisition and measurement values ​​and current traveling wave acquisition and measurement values; Supports displaying alarm information on the interface: number of faulty bus sections, current traveling wave device, sensor number, and alarm level; The supported waveform list includes voltage traveling wave and current traveling wave waveforms during faults; Supports marking fault start time and fault end time in waveform lists; Supports display of high-frequency partial discharge waveform (PRPS) diagrams for cables.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the power quality monitoring device subsystem has the following functions: Supports power data acquisition, calculation, and display, including voltage and current data; Support power quality analysis and assessment; Event log: Records the action time and power parameters of input and output quantities; Fault log: Action time, fault type, fault voltage and current. Supports viewing fault waveforms; Supports harmonic analysis, including: harmonic order, total distortion rate, total effective value, quality status parameters, and harmonic order.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This disclosure discloses an intelligent substation panoramic online monitoring and control system, comprising: a power grid grounding pulse line selection dynamic monitoring subsystem for monitoring grounding pulse line selection signals; a smart grid monitoring device backend subsystem for monitoring power parameters, temperature, and humidity of equipment in the power grid, and supporting ultrasonic AE detection and transient ground voltage (TEV) partial discharge monitoring; power parameters including voltage, current, power factor, active power, and reactive power; a smart dehumidification device backend subsystem for monitoring dehumidification devices; a circuit breaker mechanical characteristic online monitoring subsystem for online monitoring of circuit breakers; an electrical fire monitoring subsystem for monitoring and controlling fire detection devices; an insulation online monitoring backend subsystem for monitoring cables, surge arresters, insulators, and circuit breakers; a six-column full-phase voltage limiting device full life cycle online monitoring instrument subsystem for monitoring and controlling surge arresters; a cable fault online monitoring and location ranging subsystem for monitoring and locating cable faults; and a power quality monitoring device subsystem for monitoring power quality. Effective integration of data from each subsystem enables panoramic online monitoring and control of monitoring data from various monitoring devices in the substation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A screenshot of the background communication status software of a grounding monitoring and management subsystem according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0021] Figure 2 The image shows a screenshot of the dynamic monitoring and management system software for the grounding pulse selection of the power grid in section 1 of the main station, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 3 The image shows a screenshot of the dynamic monitoring and management system software for the grounding pulse selection of the main station's two-section power grid, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 4 A block diagram of a smart substation panoramic online monitoring and control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 5 The image shows a screenshot of the event window of a dynamic monitoring system for power grid grounding pulse line selection according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 6 A screenshot of the insulation online monitoring backend system software according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 7 A screenshot of the event window of an online insulation monitoring backend system according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 8 A screenshot of an intelligent substation panoramic monitoring system according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0028] Figure 9A pulse-selective power station system topology diagram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Figure 10 A screenshot of the interface of a power grid grounding pulse line selection dynamic monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Figure 11 The image shows a screenshot of the backend system interface of the online monitoring instrument for the entire life cycle of a six-column full-phase pressure limiting device according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 12 A screenshot of the back-end system interface of a smart grid monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0032] Figure 13 The image shows a screenshot of the event window of the background system of a smart grid monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 14 A screenshot of the back-end system interface of an intelligent dehumidification device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0035] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0036] Furthermore, to better illustrate this disclosure, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description. Those skilled in the art will understand that this disclosure can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this disclosure.

[0037] A smart substation panoramic online monitoring and control system, the system comprising: Homepage functional modules: Supports displaying the system's single-scheme diagram, with interactive display diagrams (main screen); supports quick system switching via buttons; supports exporting the entire system's device information and alarm status reports; supports displaying device status, communication status, and number of safe operating days in numerical form; supports real-time display of the latest device alarm information; supports displaying device locations on multiple floor plans and supports displaying device status via pop-up windows.

[0038] Power grid grounding pulse line selection dynamic monitoring subsystem: used to monitor grounding pulse line selection signals; The smart grid monitoring device backend subsystem is used to monitor the power parameters, temperature, and humidity of equipment in the power grid. It also supports ultrasonic AE detection and transient ground voltage (TEV) partial discharge monitoring. The power parameters include voltage, current, power factor, active power, and reactive power. Intelligent dehumidifier backend subsystem: used to monitor the dehumidifier; Circuit breaker mechanical characteristic online monitoring subsystem: used for online monitoring of circuit breakers; Electrical fire monitoring subsystem: used for monitoring and controlling fire detection devices; Insulation online monitoring backend subsystem: used to monitor cables, surge arresters, insulators, and circuit breakers; Six-column full-phase voltage limiting device full life cycle online monitoring instrument subsystem: used for monitoring and controlling surge arresters; Cable fault online monitoring and location ranging subsystem: used for monitoring and locating cable faults; Power quality monitoring device subsystem: used to monitor power quality.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the power grid grounding pulse line selection dynamic monitoring subsystem has the following functions: It can display device status in chart format; Supports quick switching of device information via buttons; Supports displaying various real-time monitoring parameters in chart format; Supports displaying the commissioning and shutdown status in a dynamic, one-dimensional graphical format; Supports display of substation primary diagrams and online status of pulse selection units, including offline, online, and fault. Supports displaying alarm information in pop-up window format; Supports displaying device alarm information in a list format.

[0040] For example, pulse selection technology can be used when a fault occurs in a circuit of a high-voltage system and the circuit is grounded. First, the vacuum switch closes to release fault energy to ground, forming a ground loop with the feeder branch. The feeder branch current increases, and the current signal from the current transformer is collected and sent to the dynamic monitoring controller KCXK to amplify the current signal for comparative analysis.

[0041] Then, the dynamic capture monitor captures the three-phase voltages of the system (A, B, and C), monitors the dynamic changes in voltage and the changes in system phase in real time, and transmits the data to the dynamic monitoring controller for analysis.

[0042] A dual-pulse PLL signal transceiver module is then employed, with a pulse width adjustable to 20%. It locks onto the phase and current signals within a specific segment and compares them against real-time dynamic phase and current signals. The transmission and reception are compared to these signals, and all signals are used to determine the optimal line selection. The dual-pulse PLL signal facilitates long-distance transmission, has no zero drift, and possesses strong anti-interference capabilities, enabling a line selection accuracy of 99%. The system also transmits operating status and fault signals to the backend via RS-485 communication or contact signals.

[0043] When an intermittent arc or permanent arc grounding fault occurs in a certain circuit of the system, the full voltage controller KCGK detects the change in system voltage and activates the vacuum switch to eliminate the system arc. After the system arc is eliminated, the broadband voltage absorber absorbs the system voltage spike, making the system voltage stable and ensuring the safety of equipment power supply.

[0044] When the system experiences overvoltage fluctuations, high-resistance grounding, metallic grounding, or transient or permanent grounding faults, the system generates low-frequency, medium-frequency, or high-frequency oscillations, causing primary and secondary resonances. At this time, the full-voltage controller KCGK issues a command to activate the neutral point special protector to eliminate the primary and secondary resonances and ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the back-end subsystem of the smart grid monitoring device has the following functions: Equipped with temperature and humidity monitoring modules; Supports displaying device distribution and real-time data in the form of a floor plan; Supports displaying device alarm information in list format; It supports power parameter monitoring, including: current, voltage, power factor, active power and reactive power; Supports quick switching of device information via buttons; Supports ultrasonic AE and transient ground voltage (TEV) partial discharge monitoring; Supports smoke detection alarms; Supports arc light monitoring, with a light intensity detection range of 10–200,000 LX; Supports monitoring of dielectric loss; Supports displaying alarm information in pop-up window format.

[0046] For example, smart grid monitoring devices include: wireless temperature sensors, cameras, composite partial discharge sensors, arc flash sensors, and insulation monitoring sensors.

[0047] Table 1 Technical Specifications of Power Parameters ; In one possible implementation, the intelligent dehumidification device's backend subsystem has the following functions: Display the current ambient temperature, humidity, humidity start value, and humidity stop value in chart form; Display equipment malfunction status in card format; Set humidity start value, stop value, heating start value, and switch between manual and automatic dehumidification; Control the heating and dehumidifier operation, manually control humidification, and manually control the heating status; Over-temperature and over-humidity warning functions; Display device alarm information in list format.

[0048] For example, intelligent dehumidifiers use semiconductor refrigeration dehumidification, actively drawing humid air from a closed space into the dehumidification duct under the action of a fan. The water vapor in the air condenses into water after passing through the semiconductor refrigeration mechanism, and is then discharged from the cabinet through a water pipe, achieving a very good dehumidification effect.

[0049] Cooling type: The dehumidifier will automatically turn on when the ambient humidity is higher than the maximum humidity value (humidity setting value); it will stop dehumidifying when the ambient humidity is lower than the minimum humidity value (humidity setting value minus humidity hysteresis value). When the ambient temperature is higher than the maximum set temperature value (temperature setting value), the cooling fan will start; when the temperature is lower than the set temperature value (temperature setting value minus temperature hysteresis value), the cooling fan will stop working.

[0050] Heating type: Heating starts when the ambient temperature is lower than the minimum set temperature (temperature setpoint), and stops when the temperature is higher than the maximum set temperature (temperature setpoint plus temperature hysteresis). If condensation dehumidification is required simultaneously, set the humidity value. The dehumidifier will automatically start dehumidifying when the ambient humidity is higher than the maximum set humidity (humidity setpoint); dehumidification will stop when the ambient humidity is lower than the minimum humidity (humidity setpoint minus humidity hysteresis); when the dehumidification function is manually activated, the dehumidifier will continue to dehumidify until the dehumidification function is manually turned off.

[0051] Anti-frost and anti-icing function: Real-time monitoring of the working surface temperature of the condenser to prevent frost and ice formation during dehumidification due to excessively low surface temperature, which would affect drainage performance. Air circulation function: When the air inside the cabinet is still, the temperature and humidity vary in different parts. The dehumidifier provides air circulation function, which makes the temperature and humidity in all parts of the cabinet more uniform and can more effectively monitor the humidity and ambient temperature in the air inside the cabinet.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the circuit breaker mechanical characteristic online monitoring subsystem has the following functions: Monitoring of open and closed status and energy storage current; Measurement of open and closed circuit status and energy storage voltage; Measurement of open circuit status, closed circuit status, and energy storage time; The circuit breaker's opening and closing coils and energy storage coils are monitored in real time, and an alarm is triggered when the coil current is abnormal. Opening state, closing state, and energy storage coil current curves; Real-time online monitoring of the circuit breaker's operating status.

[0053] The online mechanical characteristic monitoring device is mainly used to monitor the mechanical performance of circuit breakers online. It can understand the mechanical performance of the circuit breaker in real time, and when the circuit breaker malfunctions, it can understand the mechanical performance of the circuit breaker and maintain it in time, thereby reducing unexpected losses caused by the circuit breaker's own failure and ensuring the service life of the circuit breaker.

[0054] The sensors of the online mechanical property monitoring device are non-invasively installed, which makes installation and maintenance convenient, and it has the advantages of strong applicability and high safety.

[0055] Main functions of the online mechanical property monitoring device: (1) Using open-type Hall sensors and non-contact sensors does not affect or change their structure, wiring and characteristics.

[0056] (2) Real-time monitoring of the circuit breaker opening and closing coils and energy storage coils, and alarm when the coil current is abnormal.

[0057] (3) Current curves of circuit breaker opening, closing, and energy storage coil; measurement of peak (maximum) current values ​​of circuit breaker opening, closing, and energy storage coil. (4) Measurement of opening, closing and energy storage coil voltage (5) Measurement of opening, closing and energy storage time (6) The Chinese LCD screen displays the operating status and health status of the circuit breaker and obtains the circuit breaker parameters in real time.

[0058] (8) The wear and decay trend of the energy storage transmission structure are analyzed by analyzing the amplitude and frequency of the current waveform of the energy storage motor.

[0059] (9) Monitor the operating status of the circuit breaker in real time, extract the mechanical motion parameters of the circuit breaker, establish a standard circuit breaker monitoring model and a complete expert diagnostic system, analyze and diagnose the collected data, and judge the wear and decay trend of the opening and closing mechanism.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the electrical fire monitoring subsystem has the following functions: Supports temperature and smoke detection; Supports setting warning and alarm values; Supports both local and remote sound and light alarms; Supports precise fault location; the location information includes: control cabinet number and measuring point. It supports distinguishing between "high temperature alarm" and "smoke alarm" alarm information.

[0061] For example, the main unit of an intelligent gas automatic fire extinguishing system is the core of an electrical fire monitoring system, which can display the various working statuses of the monitored distribution boxes and cabinets in real time. When the system malfunctions (such as excessively high temperature or excessive smoke concentration), the monitoring equipment will issue audible and visual alarm signals to alert staff; it can also display and record specific information.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the online insulation monitoring backend subsystem has the following functions: Supports display of device operating status; Supports graphical display of three-phase voltage and open-circuit voltage; Supports display of measured values ​​for monitoring cables, surge arresters, insulators, and circuit breakers; Supports alarm pop-ups when monitored objects exceed thresholds.

[0063] The online insulation monitoring device for power grid operation equipment is a device that can monitor the insulation status of high-voltage power cables, surge arresters, insulators, vacuum switches, and other objects online. The use of this device provides effective information for diagnosing early defects and potential accidents in cables, surge arresters, insulators, and vacuum switches, controlling sudden insulation accidents, and monitoring the insulation performance of electrical equipment, thereby ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the equipment.

[0064] This device is easy to install, simple to operate, highly real-time, and provides more accurate and reliable monitoring information. It is widely used in 0.4kV to 35kV power systems. When the device diagnoses a fault in the operating equipment, indicator lights and buzzers simultaneously sound an alarm, and alarm relays activate, allowing equipment maintenance personnel to promptly understand the insulation status of the equipment. Furthermore, the device has an RS485 communication interface for communication with a host computer (the online insulation monitoring backend subsystem).

[0065] In one possible implementation, the six-column full-phase pressure limiting device full life cycle online monitoring instrument subsystem has the following functions: Supports displaying device distribution and real-time data in the form of a floor plan; Supports online monitoring of surge arrester insulation level; Supports setting warning or alarm values ​​for surge arrester insulation levels; Supports measurement of surge arrester leakage current; Supports displaying device alarm information status using icons.

[0066] The six-column full-phase voltage limiting device online monitoring instrument (hereinafter referred to as the monitoring instrument) is a high-tech online monitoring instrument that connects a high-precision micro-current sensor in series with the overvoltage protector to monitor the leakage current of the overvoltage protector.

[0067] The online monitoring instrument for the six-phase full-phase voltage limiting device mainly consists of a high-precision micro-current sensor and an intelligent display unit. The overvoltage protector is grounded through the device's matching high-precision micro-current sensor, which collects the leakage current and discharge current signals of the overvoltage protector. The data is then transmitted to the device's central processing unit via an isolation conversion unit, enabling the recording of the overvoltage protector's action time and leakage current value. The intelligent display unit can measure the unbalanced leakage current at the six-phase neutral point based on the different phase relationships of the six-phase leakage currents of the overvoltage protector. The sensitivity of the neutral point current allows for the identification of early faults in the overvoltage protector. This device has display and alarm functions, displaying and indicating alarms based on the magnitude of the overvoltage protector's leakage current. An exceedance of any current value will trigger the device's alarm system. The current has extremely high alarm sensitivity; for example, if an early fault occurs in a phase of the overvoltage protector, the leakage current will increase, thus enabling a highly sensitive determination of whether the overvoltage protector is operating normally.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the cable fault online monitoring and location ranging subsystem has the following functions: Supports monitoring device operating status: not running, normal, abnormal alarm, fault; Supports monitoring sensor operating status: not running, normal, abnormal alarm, fault; Supports displaying voltage traveling wave acquisition and measurement values ​​and current traveling wave acquisition and measurement values; Supports displaying alarm information on the interface: number of faulty bus sections, current traveling wave device, sensor number, and alarm level; The supported waveform list includes voltage traveling wave and current traveling wave waveforms during faults; Supports marking fault start time and fault end time in waveform lists; Supports display of high-frequency partial discharge waveform (PRPS) diagrams for cables.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the power quality monitoring device subsystem has the following functions: Supports power data acquisition, calculation, and display, including voltage and current data; Support power quality analysis and assessment; Event log: Records the action time and power parameters of input and output quantities; Fault log: Action time, fault type, fault voltage and current. Supports viewing fault waveforms; Supports harmonic analysis, including: harmonic order, total distortion rate, total effective value, quality status parameters, and harmonic order.

[0070] Power quality monitoring devices are primarily used to monitor, analyze, and evaluate the power quality at monitoring points. They mainly include five functions: real-time power quality monitoring, power quality event alarms, waveform recording, data statistics, and evaluation analysis. The main indicators for real-time monitoring and analysis include: basic electrical parameters, voltage deviation, harmonic voltage, harmonic current, interharmonics, frequency deviation, and three-phase voltage imbalance. All real-time monitored parameters and power quality indicators can be stored and retrieved over long periods. The device provides event alarms and waveform analysis functions for power quality exceeding limits, voltage swells, and voltage dips.

[0071] The power quality monitoring device is suitable for monitoring power quality on the user side or the generator side, and meets various monitoring needs such as power quality monitoring of wind farms, power quality monitoring of distribution networks, and power quality monitoring of transmission voltage centers.

[0072] The power quality monitoring device is equipped with varying numbers of analog signal acquisition loops, sampling 1024 points per cycle based on practical functional requirements and data processing capabilities. The core component, the A / D conversion chip, is a 16-bit, 6-channel, synchronous sampling A / D converter, offering advantages such as high conversion accuracy, fast conversion speed, and synchronous sampling. Furthermore, to prevent measurement errors caused by frequency deviations from the rated value, the device incorporates an automatic frequency tracking loop that adjusts the sampling interval in real time to prevent frequency leakage.

[0073] The device calculates the three-phase phase voltage and line voltage in real time, with a basic recording period of 3 seconds. Instantaneous values ​​within 3 seconds are used for effective value calculation, and the timestamp is the moment the 3 seconds end. The recording interval can be set to an integer multiple of 3 seconds, and the maximum value is recorded.

[0074] The device can statistically analyze the voltage pass rate, voltage over-limit rate, maximum voltage deviation, minimum voltage deviation, average voltage deviation, and maximum voltage deviation with a 95% probability over a certain time interval.

[0075] The device can be set with a voltage deviation threshold value, and can detect whether the voltage deviation exceeds the limit in real time. When the voltage deviation exceeds the limit, it will automatically generate a relevant event log and record the relevant event data.

[0076] Voltage and current imbalance: refers to the degree of three-phase imbalance in a three-phase power system, expressed as the percentage of the root mean square value of the negative-sequence component of voltage or current to the positive-sequence component.

[0077] The device synthesizes positive-sequence and negative-sequence voltages and currents using software based on the calculated three-phase voltages and currents, thereby calculating the voltage and current imbalance.

[0078] Harmonic waves are obtained by performing Fourier series decomposition on periodic variations to obtain components with frequencies greater than 1 that are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency. They are generated by nonlinear loads in the power grid.

[0079] Function: The device performs FFT decomposition on the sampled voltage and current values ​​to obtain the harmonic components. Due to the adoption of automatic frequency tracking compensation, frequency leakage is eliminated, preventing measurement errors caused by deviations of the fundamental frequency from the rated value. Real-time calculations include: total harmonic distortion of voltage and current, and harmonics from the 2nd to the 65th order according to national standard Class A requirements. It also features a harmonic over-limit alarm function.

[0080] Transient disturbances include transient overvoltage, voltage sag, transient overvoltage, and short-term voltage interruption problems.

[0081] A voltage drop refers to a short-term voltage fluctuation that lasts from 0.5 cycles to 1 minute when the root mean square value of the voltage decreases to near zero under power frequency conditions.

[0082] A short-term voltage interruption refers to a period of time during which the supply voltage disappears (the voltage drops below 0.1 pu), generally not exceeding a few minutes. A short-term interruption can be considered as a voltage dip of 100% amplitude.

[0083] Transient overvoltage refers to an overvoltage that is sustained for a relatively long period of time at a given installation point and is either undiminished or weakly diminished (oscillating at the power frequency or a certain multiple or fraction thereof).

[0084] Transient overvoltage refers to an overvoltage lasting several milliseconds or less, typically characterized by strong damping and either oscillating or non-oscillating behavior. It can be superimposed on temporary overvoltages.

[0085] Real-time monitoring of instantaneous voltage values; when a disturbance occurs, a specific detection algorithm identifies the disturbance and provides information such as the time of occurrence, amplitude, phase change, and duration of the disturbance. Once a disturbance is detected, the waveform capture function, also known as the waveform recording function, is immediately activated to record the voltage waveform from a period of time before the disturbance to a period of time after the disturbance ends.

[0086] The panoramic online monitoring and control system also has the following functions: Supports displaying device alarm information in list format; Intelligent linkage: It has an automatic alarm cancellation function, remote control and telemetry signals, and supports the display of historical alarm information in list format; Real-time data: Supports real-time data query by device type, device name, and measurement point; Log management: Supports real-time alarm information display in list format, and supports the generation of daily, monthly, and annual reports and the compilation of printable reports; Asset Management: Supports displaying device information in a list format and allows for customizable areas; System Management: Supports custom device location maps, drag-and-drop device placement, list-based display of user information, and creation, deletion, modification, and querying of users and roles. It also supports list-based display of tree-structured menus and creation, deletion, modification, and querying of menus. The system is secure and stable, with no crashes, freezes, or freezes. Additionally, it supports list-based display of tree-structured departments and creation, deletion, modification, and querying of departments.

[0087] The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A smart substation panoramic online monitoring and control system, characterized in that, The system includes: Power grid grounding pulse line selection dynamic monitoring subsystem: used to monitor grounding pulse line selection signals; The smart grid monitoring device backend subsystem is used to monitor the power parameters, temperature, and humidity of equipment in the power grid. It also supports ultrasonic AE detection and transient ground voltage (TEV) partial discharge monitoring. The power parameters include voltage, current, power factor, active power, and reactive power. Intelligent dehumidifier backend subsystem: used to monitor the dehumidifier; Circuit breaker mechanical characteristic online monitoring subsystem: used for online monitoring of circuit breakers; Electrical fire monitoring subsystem: used for monitoring and controlling fire detection devices; Insulation online monitoring backend subsystem: used to monitor cables, surge arresters, insulators, and circuit breakers; Six-column full-phase voltage limiting device full life cycle online monitoring instrument subsystem: used for monitoring and controlling surge arresters; Cable fault online monitoring and location ranging subsystem: used for monitoring and locating cable faults; Power quality monitoring device subsystem: used to monitor power quality.

2. The intelligent substation panoramic online monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power grid grounding pulse line selection dynamic monitoring subsystem has the following functions: It can display device status in chart format; Supports quick switching of device information via buttons; Supports displaying various real-time monitoring parameters in chart format; Supports displaying the commissioning and shutdown status in a dynamic, one-dimensional graphical format; Supports display of substation primary diagrams and online status of pulse selection units, including offline, online, and fault. Supports displaying alarm information in pop-up window format; Supports displaying device alarm information in a list format.

3. The intelligent substation panoramic online monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The back-end subsystem of the smart grid monitoring device has the following functions: Equipped with temperature and humidity monitoring modules; Supports displaying device distribution and real-time data in the form of a floor plan; Supports displaying device alarm information in list format; Supports power parameter monitoring. This includes: current, voltage, power factor, active power, and reactive power; Supports quick switching of device information via buttons; Supports ultrasonic AE and transient ground voltage (TEV) partial discharge monitoring; Supports smoke detection alarms; Supports arc light monitoring, with a light intensity detection range of 10–200,000 LX; Supports monitoring of dielectric loss; Supports displaying alarm information in pop-up window format.

4. The intelligent substation panoramic online monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent dehumidifier's backend subsystem has the following functions: Display the current ambient temperature, humidity, humidity start value, and humidity stop value in chart form; Display equipment malfunction status in card format; Set humidity start value, stop value, heating start value, and switch between manual / automatic dehumidification; Control the heating and dehumidifier operation, manually control humidification, and manually control the heating status; Over-temperature and over-humidity warning functions; Display device alarm information in list format.

5. The intelligent substation panoramic online monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit breaker mechanical characteristic online monitoring subsystem has the following functions: The circuit breaker mechanical characteristic online monitoring subsystem has the following functions: Monitoring of open and closed status and energy storage current; Measurement of open and closed circuit status and energy storage voltage; Measurement of open circuit status, closed circuit status, and energy storage time; The circuit breaker's opening and closing coils and energy storage coils are monitored in real time, and an alarm is triggered when the coil current is abnormal. Opening state, closing state, and energy storage coil current curves; Real-time online monitoring of the circuit breaker's operating status.

6. The intelligent substation panoramic online monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical fire monitoring subsystem has the following functions: Supports temperature and smoke detection; Supports setting warning and alarm values; Supports both local and remote sound and light alarms; Supports precise fault location; the location information includes: control cabinet number and measuring point. It supports distinguishing between "high temperature alarm" and "smoke alarm" alarm information.

7. The intelligent substation panoramic online monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The online insulation monitoring backend subsystem has the following functions: Supports display of device operating status; Supports graphical display of three-phase voltage and open-circuit voltage; Supports display of measured values ​​for monitoring cables, surge arresters, insulators, and circuit breakers; Supports alarm pop-ups when monitored objects exceed thresholds.

8. The intelligent substation panoramic online monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The six-column full-phase pressure limiting device full life cycle online monitoring instrument subsystem has the following functions: Supports displaying device distribution and real-time data in the form of a floor plan; Supports online monitoring of surge arrester insulation level; Supports setting warning or alarm values ​​for surge arrester insulation levels; Supports measurement of surge arrester leakage current; Supports displaying device alarm information status using icons.

9. The intelligent substation panoramic online monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable fault online monitoring and location ranging subsystem has the following functions: Supports monitoring device operating status: not running, normal, abnormal alarm, fault; Supports monitoring sensor operating status: not running, normal, abnormal alarm, fault; Supports displaying voltage traveling wave acquisition and measurement values ​​and current traveling wave acquisition and measurement values; Supports displaying alarm information on the interface: number of faulty bus sections, current traveling wave device, sensor number, and alarm level; The supported waveform list includes voltage traveling wave and current traveling wave waveforms during faults; Supports marking fault start time and fault end time in waveform lists; Supports display of high-frequency partial discharge waveform (PRPS) diagrams for cables.

10. The intelligent substation panoramic online monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power quality monitoring device subsystem has the following functions: Supports power data acquisition, calculation, and display, including voltage and current data; Support power quality analysis and assessment; Event log: Records the action time and power parameters of input and output quantities; Fault log: Action time, fault type, fault voltage and current. Supports viewing fault waveforms; Supports harmonic analysis, including: harmonic order, total distortion rate, total effective value, quality status parameters, and harmonic order.

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