Micropower wireless and HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) dual-mode communication integrated system

Abstract

The invention discloses a micropower wireless and HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) dual-mode communication integrated system, which relates to the technical field of electric power communication and comprises a hardware initialization module, a channel parameter acquisition module, a switching judgment and instruction generation module, a communication link switching execution module and a data processing and log generation module. According to the invention, through integrating the hardware initialization module, the channel parameter acquisition module, the switching determination and instruction generation module, the communication link switching execution module and the data processing and log generation module, real-time monitoring and intelligent switching of two communication modes of HPLC and micropower wireless are realized; the channel parameter acquisition module can acquire and analyze channel quality comprehensive indexes of the two channels, and the intelligent switching control unit automatically generates an optimal switching instruction according to the indexes and the current communication mode, so that when the quality of one channel is reduced, the channel can be quickly switched to the other high-quality channel, and the switching efficiency is improved. Therefore, the communication stability and reliability are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power communication, in particular to a micro-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of Internet of Things technology, the requirements for communication technology in the fields of smart grid and smart home are increasing. In the power system, power line communication technology is widely used in automatic meter reading and load control due to its advantage of using existing power lines for data transmission. However, HPLC technology is greatly affected by power line environmental interference and signal attenuation is serious, especially in complex electromagnetic environments, communication quality is difficult to guarantee. At the same time, micro-power wireless communication technology plays an important role in short-range wireless communication due to its flexible deployment and strong anti-interference ability, but its signal is easily blocked by obstacles, and the transmission distance and stability are limited.

[0003] However, traditional communication systems often use a single communication mode, which is difficult to cope with complex and variable communication environments. For systems that rely solely on HPLC technology, noise interference and signal attenuation on power lines frequently cause communication interruption or data loss, seriously affecting system stability and data transmission accuracy. Systems that rely solely on micro-power wireless communication face the challenge of weak signal penetration and vulnerability to obstructions, especially in indoor or complex terrain environments, where communication quality is greatly reduced, resulting in low resource utilization efficiency, high operation and maintenance costs, and the need for manual intervention, limiting the automation level and response speed of the system.

[0004] Therefore, a micro-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system is developed. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a micro-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system. The present application integrates hardware initialization module, channel parameter acquisition module, switching judgment and instruction generation module, communication link switching execution module, and data processing and log generation module to realize real-time monitoring and intelligent switching of HPLC and micro-power wireless communication modes. The channel parameter acquisition module can collect and analyze the channel quality comprehensive index of the two channels, and the intelligent switching control unit can automatically generate the optimal switching instruction based on these indexes and the current communication mode, ensuring that when the quality of a channel decreases, it can quickly switch to another high-quality channel, thereby improving the stability and reliability of communication. In particular, in scenarios where power line communication is greatly affected by environmental interference or micro-power wireless communication signal is blocked, communication interruption can be effectively avoided, and the continuity and accuracy of data transmission can be ensured.

[0006] The application provides a micro-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system, which comprises the following technical solutions.

[0007] The hardware initialization module is used for power supply and hardware initialization through a power management unit, an integrated communication unit, a data processing unit, an intelligent switching control unit and a channel monitoring unit.

[0008] The channel parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring channel parameters of the HPLC communication subunit and the micro-power wireless communication subunit according to a set parameter acquisition period, calculating a channel quality comprehensive index of the two channels, and generating a channel quality report and sending the report to the intelligent switching control unit.

[0009] The switching decision and instruction generation module is used for receiving the channel quality report, calculating a switching priority decision value, combining a current communication mode, generating a switching instruction and sending the instruction to the integrated communication unit.

[0010] The communication link switching execution module is used for receiving the switching instruction, executing the operation of disconnecting a current communication link and establishing a target communication link, calculating a switching response delay, generating a feedback signal and sending the signal to the data processing unit.

[0011] The data processing and log generation module is used for receiving external data through a target communication subunit, transmitting the data to the data processing unit for preprocessing and then forwarding, analyzing data transmission efficiency, integrating communication mode information, switching information and data transmission information to form a communication log and uploading the log to an operation and maintenance platform.

[0012] Further, in the hardware initialization module, the power management unit is connected to external power supply to supply power to the integrated communication unit, the data processing unit, the intelligent switching control unit and the channel monitoring unit; the integrated communication unit comprises an HPLC communication subunit and a micro-power wireless communication subunit, and the data interface and control bus of the HPLC communication subunit and the micro-power wireless communication subunit are associated and configured through an internal bus; the data processing unit initializes a protocol stack and establishes a data interaction channel with the integrated communication unit; the intelligent switching control unit calls a default communication mode configuration and synchronizes the configuration to the data processing unit; and the channel monitoring unit sets a parameter acquisition period and loads threshold standards.

[0013] Furthermore, in the channel parameter acquisition module, after the channel monitoring unit completes initialization, it starts working according to the set parameter acquisition cycle. When the HPLC channel acquisition cycle is reached, it sends a parameter acquisition command to the HPLC communication subunit to collect the channel attenuation, signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, and data transmission rate on the current power line in real time, and feeds back the collected parameters to the channel monitoring unit through the data interface. When the low-power wireless channel acquisition cycle is reached, it sends a parameter acquisition command to the low-power wireless communication subunit to collect the signal strength, signal interference, and communication link stability in the current environment, and feeds back the collected parameters to the channel monitoring unit through the data interface. The channel monitoring unit calculates the HPLC channel quality comprehensive index Q using the HPLC channel quality comprehensive index formula. HPLC The low-power wireless channel quality index Q is calculated using the formula for the low-power wireless channel quality index. RF and Q HPLC and Q RF The data is compared with the corresponding preset qualified thresholds, and then the comparison results, the original parameter values ​​of the two channels, and the comprehensive quality index of the two channels are integrated to generate a channel quality report containing the acquisition time, communication mode type, parameter list, quality index, and comparison results. The channel quality report is then sent to the intelligent switching control unit via the internal bus.

[0014] Furthermore, in the channel parameter acquisition module, the channel monitoring unit calculates the HPLC channel quality index Q using the HPLC channel quality index formula. HPLC The formula for its HPLC channel quality comprehensive index is: Among them, Q HPLC S is the overall HPLC channel quality index. H Let A be the signal-to-noise ratio of the HPLC channel, and k1 and k2 be weighting coefficients used to adjust the weights of attenuation and bit error rate on the overall quality index of the HPLC channel, respectively. H E represents the attenuation of the HPLC channel. H This represents the bit error rate of the HPLC channel.

[0015] Furthermore, in the channel parameter acquisition module, the channel monitoring unit calculates the low-power wireless channel quality index Q using the low-power wireless channel quality comprehensive index formula. RF The formula for its low-power wireless channel quality index is: Q RF =k3·(R S +100)+k4·(1-I R / 50)+k5·L R , where Q RFR is the comprehensive quality index for low-power wireless channels. k3, k4, and k5 are weighting coefficients used to adjust the weights of signal strength, signal interference, and link stability on the comprehensive quality index for low-power wireless channels. S For the signal strength of a low-power wireless channel, I R L represents the signal interference level of a low-power wireless channel. R For link stability of low-power wireless channels.

[0016] Furthermore, in the channel parameter acquisition module, Q... HPLC and Q RF Compare Q with the corresponding preset qualified thresholds respectively: HPLC When Q ≥ 5, the HPLC channel quality is considered to meet the threshold requirement; when Q HPLC When Q < 5, the HPLC channel quality is determined to exceed the threshold requirement; when Q RF When Q is ≥8, the low-power wireless channel quality is considered to meet the threshold requirement; when Q... RF When the threshold value is less than 8, the low-power wireless channel quality is determined to exceed the threshold requirement.

[0017] Furthermore, in the handover determination and instruction generation module, the intelligent handover control unit receives a channel quality report and, based on the Q... HPLC and Q RF The handover priority determination value P is calculated using the handover priority determination formula. switch ; and match it with the current communication mode by communication mode type; when it is HPLC communication mode, and Q HPLC <5, P switch If the value is less than 0, it is determined that the HPLC channel quality is substandard and the wireless channel quality is better, and an instruction to switch to low-power wireless communication mode is generated.

[0018] When it is a low-power wireless communication mode, and Q RF <8, P switch If the value is greater than 0, it is determined that the wireless channel quality is substandard and the HPLC channel quality is better, and an instruction to switch to HPLC communication mode is generated. At the same time, the intelligent switching control unit continuously listens for external instructions sent through the operation and maintenance platform. When an external instruction is received, the corresponding communication mode switching instruction is generated directly based on the external instruction. After generating the switching instruction, the intelligent switching control unit adds the execution time requirement information to the instruction and then sends the instruction to the integrated communication unit through the control bus.

[0019] Furthermore, in the handover determination and instruction generation module, the handover priority determination value P is calculated using the handover priority determination formula. switch The formula for determining the switching priority is: P switch =Q HPLC -QRF , where P switch To switch priority determination values, Q HPLC Q is the overall HPLC channel quality index. RF This is the comprehensive index of low-power wireless channel quality.

[0020] Furthermore, in the communication link switching execution module, the integrated communication unit receives the switching command, parses the target mode and execution time requirements in the command, and confirms the communication subunit that needs to be disconnected and the target communication subunit that needs to be activated; when the HPLC communication subunit is running, the integrated communication unit sends a link disconnection command to the HPLC communication subunit and records the link disconnection time T. off It also sends a link establishment command to the low-power wireless communication subunit and records the link establishment time T. on Simultaneously record the transmission time T of the switching command. trans And based on T trans T off T on Analysis yields the switching response delay T delay And compare it with the execution time requirement, when T delay If the execution time requirement is exceeded, an optimization mechanism is triggered to re-execute the link disconnection and establishment process, dynamically adjusting the link switching timing until T... delay Within the execution time requirement; when operating a low-power wireless communication subunit, the operation follows the same process; after the switch is completed, the integrated communication unit generates a feedback signal containing the switch response delay and sends it to the data processing unit.

[0021] Furthermore, in the data processing and log management module, external data is received through the switched target communication subunit and transmitted to the data processing unit through the data interface. After preprocessing by the data processing unit, the data is sent back to the target communication subunit and forwarded to the business terminal. Simultaneously, the data processing unit counts the total number of transmitted data packets and the number of successfully transmitted data packets within a set time after the switch, analyzes the data transmission efficiency, quantifies the data transmission stability of the communication link after the switch, and integrates communication mode information, switch information, and data transmission information to form a communication log, which is then uploaded to the operation and maintenance platform.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, this low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system has the following advantages:

[0023] I. This invention integrates a hardware initialization module, a channel parameter acquisition module, a switching determination and command generation module, a communication link switching execution module, and a data processing and log generation module. This enables real-time monitoring and intelligent switching between HPLC and low-power wireless communication modes. The channel parameter acquisition module collects and analyzes the comprehensive channel quality index of the two channels. The intelligent switching control unit automatically generates the optimal switching command based on these indices and the current communication mode, ensuring a rapid switch to a higher-quality channel when the quality of one channel deteriorates. This improves the stability and reliability of communication, especially in scenarios where power line communication is subject to significant environmental interference or low-power wireless communication signals are blocked. It effectively avoids communication interruptions and ensures the continuity and accuracy of data transmission.

[0024] Second, this invention achieves efficient resource allocation and improved operation and maintenance efficiency through intelligent resource management and operation and maintenance mechanisms. The data processing and log generation module can analyze the effectiveness of data transmission and integrate communication mode information, switching information, and data transmission information to form detailed communication logs that are uploaded to the operation and maintenance platform. This enables operation and maintenance personnel to remotely monitor the system's operating status, promptly identify and handle potential problems, and reduce the need and cost of on-site maintenance. At the same time, the intelligent switching control unit generates switching instructions based on the channel quality report, reducing the need for manual intervention and improving the level of automation and operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0025] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A framework diagram of a low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] In smart grid electricity consumption information collection scenarios, electricity consumption information collection is a core link in achieving refined power management. It requires the real-time and stable acquisition of massive amounts of user meter data, including real-time electricity consumption, voltage and current fluctuations, and electricity consumption time distribution, and uploading this data to the operation and maintenance platform. Due to the wide coverage area of ​​the power grid, some areas suffer from aging power lines and wireless signal obstruction, making data transmission prone to interruptions or delays with a single communication mode. Therefore, a low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system is applied to ensure communication reliability. Specifically, the operation and maintenance platform and the low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system are related as an external collaborative management platform and a core communication execution system. The integrated system is the communication execution end, and the operation and maintenance platform is the monitoring and management end, providing remote monitoring and other support for the integrated system.

[0032] Hardware initialization module: This module connects to the smart grid power supply equipment via the power management unit, converting the power supply to a DC voltage suitable for the operation of each unit in the system. It provides stable power to the integrated communication unit, data processing unit, intelligent switching control unit, and channel monitoring unit. The integrated communication unit includes an HPLC communication subunit and a low-power wireless communication subunit. The HPLC communication subunit is compatible with power industry communication standards and transmits data via power lines. The low-power wireless communication subunit is compatible with short-range wireless communication standards and interacts via wireless signals. Both subunits are configured with an internal bus to associate the data interface with the control bus, ensuring flexible switching of communication links in the future. The data processing unit initializes the power industry communication protocol stack and the general network protocol stack. The power industry communication protocol stack is used for electricity consumption information transmission. After initialization, it establishes a data interaction channel with the integrated communication unit to ensure efficient data transmission between the two. The intelligent switching control unit retrieves the system's preset default communication mode configuration. Combining the characteristics of the smart grid scenario, it defaults to enabling the HPLC communication mode. This mode can utilize power lines to achieve wide-range, low-interference transmission. At the same time, it synchronizes the default communication mode configuration to the data processing unit to ensure that both have consistent understanding of the current communication mode. The channel monitoring unit sets the parameter acquisition cycle, which is determined according to the frequency requirements of electricity consumption information acquisition, thereby ensuring real-time monitoring of the channel status. It also loads the HPLC channel qualification threshold and the low-power wireless channel qualification threshold to provide a standard for subsequent channel quality judgment. Specifically, each module is divided according to the core functions of the integrated system. Each module corresponds to a key task, and the aforementioned units are the specific hardware or logical components that implement the functions of the corresponding modules. A module completes its function through the collaborative work of multiple units. All units in the document are specific hardware or logical components of the low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system itself. The system contains modules, and modules rely on units to implement their functions.

[0033] Channel parameter acquisition module: After the channel monitoring unit completes initialization, it continuously operates according to the set parameter acquisition cycle. When the HPLC channel acquisition cycle is reached, it sends a parameter acquisition command to the HPLC communication subunit to collect the channel attenuation, signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, and data transmission rate on the current power line in real time. Channel attenuation reflects the degree of signal loss caused by the power line; aging lines or excessive distance will lead to increased attenuation. The signal-to-noise ratio reflects the ratio of signal to line interference; interference may be generated by other equipment operating in the power grid. The bit error rate reflects the proportion of erroneous symbols in data transmission, and the data transmission rate reflects the amount of data that can be transmitted per unit time. After completion, these parameters are fed back to the channel monitoring unit via the data interface. When the low-power wireless channel acquisition cycle is reached, an acquisition command is sent to the low-power wireless communication subunit to collect the signal strength, signal interference, and communication link stability in the current environment in real time. The signal strength reflects the strength of the wireless signal and is greatly affected by obstruction and distance. The signal strength is low in scenarios such as underground power distribution rooms. The signal interference reflects the interference of surrounding wireless devices on the current channel. Nearby base stations, wireless sensors, etc. may cause interference. The communication link stability reflects the reliability of the continuous transmission of the wireless link. After the acquisition is completed, these parameters are fed back to the channel monitoring unit via the data interface.

[0034] The channel monitoring unit calculates the HPLC channel quality composite index using the HPLC channel quality composite index formula, which is as follows: Among them, Q HPLC S is the overall HPLC channel quality index. H Let A be the signal-to-noise ratio of the HPLC channel, and k1 and k2 be weighting coefficients used to adjust the weights of attenuation and bit error rate on the overall quality index of the HPLC channel, respectively. H E represents the attenuation of the HPLC channel. H The bit error rate of the HPLC channel is given. Simultaneously, the comprehensive quality index of the low-power wireless channel is calculated using the formula: Q = Q_0. RF =k3·(R S +100)+k4·(1-I R / 50)+k5·L R , where Q RF R is the comprehensive quality index for low-power wireless channels. k3, k4, and k5 are weighting coefficients used to adjust the weights of signal strength, signal interference, and link stability on the comprehensive quality index for low-power wireless channels. S For the signal strength of a low-power wireless channel, I R L represents the signal interference level of a low-power wireless channel. R For link stability of low-power wireless channels.

[0035] Q HPLC and Q RF Compare Q with the corresponding preset qualified thresholds respectively: HPLC When Q ≥ 5, the HPLC channel quality is considered to meet the threshold requirement; when Q HPLC When Q < 5, the HPLC channel quality is determined to exceed the threshold requirement; when Q RF When Q is ≥8, the low-power wireless channel quality is considered to meet the threshold requirement; when Q... RF When the threshold is <8, the low-power wireless channel quality is determined to exceed the threshold requirement. Then, the comparison results, the original parameter values ​​of the two channels, and the comprehensive quality index of the two channels are integrated to generate a channel quality report containing the acquisition time, communication mode type, parameter list, quality index, and comparison results. The communication mode type includes HPLC communication mode and low-power wireless communication mode. The parameter list covers attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio of the HPLC channel, as well as signal strength and interference of the low-power wireless channel. Finally, the channel quality report is sent to the intelligent switching control unit via the internal bus, providing complete data support for the switching determination. Figure 1 As shown.

[0036] Handover Determination and Command Generation Module: The intelligent handover control unit receives the channel quality report and, based on the HPLC channel quality comprehensive index and the low-power wireless channel quality comprehensive index, calculates the handover priority determination value using the handover priority determination formula. The handover priority determination formula is: P switch =Q HPLC -Q RF , where P switch To switch priority determination values, Q HPLC Q is the overall HPLC channel quality index. RF This is the comprehensive quality index for low-power wireless channels; the current communication mode is determined by the communication mode type. Initially, the current communication mode is the default HPLC communication mode. Subsequently, the switching conditions are determined by combining the current communication mode with the switching priority judgment value; if the current communication mode is HPLC communication mode, and Q... HPLC <5, P switch If Q < 0, it is determined that the HPLC channel quality is substandard and the wireless channel quality is better, and a command to switch to low-power wireless communication mode is generated. HPLC When Q is ≥5, regardless of the quality of the low-power wireless channel, the current HPLC communication mode is maintained to avoid frequent switching that could affect the continuity of data transmission; if the current mode is low-power wireless communication, and Q RF <8, P switch If the value is greater than 0, it is determined that the wireless channel quality is substandard and the HPLC channel quality is better, and an instruction to switch to HPLC communication mode is generated.

[0037] Meanwhile, the intelligent switching control unit continuously monitors external commands sent through the operation and maintenance platform. For example, when power operation and maintenance personnel discover an anomaly in the HPLC channel of a certain area, they will issue a forced switching command through the platform. When such an external command is received, the control unit directly generates a corresponding communication mode switching command based on the external command to meet the needs of manual intervention. After generating the switching command, the intelligent switching control unit adds an execution time requirement to the command. This requirement is set according to the real-time requirements of smart grid power consumption information collection. A reasonable upper limit for switching time can avoid data loss due to switching delay. Then, the command is sent to the integrated communication unit through the control bus.

[0038] Communication link switching execution module: The integrated communication unit receives the switching command, parses the target mode and execution time requirements in the command, identifies the current communication subunit that needs to be disconnected and the target communication subunit that needs to be activated. If the currently running communication subunit is the HPLC communication subunit, the integrated communication unit sends a link disconnect command to the HPLC communication subunit to ensure the safe disconnection of the current link, avoid data transmission conflicts, and records the link disconnection time. It sends a link establishment command to the low-power wireless communication subunit to start the wireless link connection process and records the link establishment time. At the same time, it records the transmission time of the switching command, which is the time from receiving the command to starting execution. Then, based on the command transmission time, link disconnection time, and link establishment time, it analyzes the switching response delay and compares it with the execution time requirement. If the switching response delay exceeds the execution time requirement, it triggers the optimization mechanism, which can adjust the timing of link disconnection and establishment, simplify some redundant processes, etc., and re-execute the link disconnection and establishment operation process to dynamically adjust the timing of link switching until the switching response delay is within the execution time requirement range.

[0039] If the current operating unit is a low-power wireless communication subunit, and it needs to switch to HPLC communication mode, the above procedure should be followed: disconnect the low-power wireless communication link, establish the HPLC communication link, calculate and optimize the switching response delay. After the switch is completed, the integrated communication unit generates a feedback signal containing the switching response delay and sends it to the data processing unit.

[0040] The data processing and log generation module receives external data through the switched target communication subunit. This target communication subunit may be an HPLC communication subunit or a low-power wireless communication subunit. The external data is the electricity consumption information uploaded by the user's electricity meter, including real-time electricity consumption data, historical electricity consumption records, and meter fault alarms. After receiving the data, it is transmitted to the data processing unit via a data interface. The data processing unit preprocesses the received data, including data verification, data format conversion, and abnormal data filtering. Data verification eliminates erroneous data generated during transmission, data format conversion converts the raw data output by the meter into a standard format recognizable by the operation and maintenance platform, and abnormal data filtering removes electricity consumption data that significantly exceeds the normal range, such as sudden increases in instantaneous electricity consumption. After preprocessing, the data is sent back to the target communication subunit, which then forwards it to the business terminals, including the power company's electricity management platform and operation and maintenance monitoring center, ensuring that electricity consumption information is accurately applied in scenarios such as power dispatching and cost accounting. Specifically, the business terminals are the direct service objects of the system's data transmission, forming a transmission-reception closed loop. After the system completes the communication mode switch, the target communication subunit will first receive data from the outside, which will be preprocessed by the data processing unit and then accurately forwarded to the corresponding business terminal by the target communication subunit. This system does not directly implement specific business functions, but supports the business terminal to complete its tasks by ensuring the reliability of the communication link.

[0041] While processing data, the data processing unit counts the total number of transmitted data packets and the number of successfully transmitted data packets within a set time after the switchover. The set time is determined based on the data statistics requirements of the smart grid. Then, the data transmission efficiency is obtained through analysis, which quantifies the data transmission stability of the communication link after the switchover. The higher the efficiency, the more stable the link. At the same time, communication mode information, switching information, and data transmission information are integrated to form a communication log. The communication mode information includes the current communication mode and the mode changes before and after the switchover. The switching information includes the switching time, switching response delay, and switching triggering reason. The data transmission information includes the total number of data packets, the number of successfully transmitted data packets, and the transmission efficiency. Finally, the communication log is uploaded to the operation and maintenance platform, which makes it easy for operation and maintenance personnel to trace the historical status of communication and troubleshoot communication faults. For example, if the transmission efficiency is low during a certain period, the channel parameters and switching status at that time can be viewed through the log to locate the cause of the problem.

[0042] In summary, in the scenario of smart grid electricity consumption information collection, the low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system ensures reliable communication through the collaborative efforts of five modules. The hardware initialization module provides stable power supply to each unit and completes basic configuration, defaulting to the HPLC communication mode adapted to the power grid. The channel parameter acquisition module acquires two types of channel parameters periodically and generates quality reports. The switching determination and command generation module combines channel quality and priority judgment values ​​to determine whether to switch, while also supporting manual intervention. The communication link switching execution module parses commands and efficiently completes link switching and latency optimization. The data processing and log generation module preprocesses electricity consumption data and generates logs for uploading, effectively addressing issues such as aging lines and signal obstruction in the power grid, ensuring real-time and stable transmission of electricity consumption information, and supporting refined power management.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] In the scenario of remote monitoring of smart streetlights, smart streetlights, as an important part of urban infrastructure, need to achieve remote monitoring and status feedback. Remote monitoring includes operations such as switch control and brightness adjustment, while status feedback covers information such as operating current and voltage, fault alarms, and brightness values. Moreover, smart streetlights cover different areas such as roads, parks, and commercial areas. Some areas have problems such as large interference in the power supply lines of streetlights and complex wireless signals. The large number of electrical devices around commercial areas will lead to large interference in the power supply lines, and the dense base stations along the road will cause complex wireless signals. A single communication mode is prone to delays in the transmission of monitoring commands or loss of status data. Therefore, the application of a low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system ensures the reliability of monitoring.

[0045] Hardware initialization module: The power management unit connects to the on-site power supply of the smart street light, which comes from the street light's dedicated distribution box. It then converts the power supply to DC voltage suitable for each unit in the system, powering the integrated communication unit, data processing unit, intelligent switching control unit, and channel monitoring unit. This ensures the continuous and stable operation of each module during the street light's operating hours. The integrated communication unit includes an HPLC communication subunit and a low-power wireless communication subunit. The HPLC communication subunit is adapted to the communication characteristics of the street light's power supply line, allowing the transmission of monitoring commands and status data via the power supply line. The low-power wireless communication subunit is adapted to the short-range wireless communication needs of urban outdoor areas, enabling rapid data transmission in areas with good wireless paths. Both subunits are configured to associate the data interface and control bus via an internal bus, ensuring seamless data interface connection during communication mode switching. The data processing unit initializes the dedicated power supply for the smart street light. The system includes a communication protocol stack and a general network protocol stack, as well as a dedicated communication protocol stack for smart streetlights used for streetlight control and status feedback. After initialization, it establishes a data interaction channel with the integrated communication unit, ensuring that monitoring commands issued from the platform are accurately transmitted to the streetlight controller and that status data is accurately transmitted back to the platform. The intelligent switching control unit retrieves the system's preset default communication mode configuration and, combined with the characteristics of the smart streetlight scenario, defaults to enabling low-power wireless communication mode. This mode is suitable for rapid communication in unobstructed outdoor areas. At the same time, the default communication mode configuration is synchronized to the data processing unit to ensure that both maintain a consistent understanding of the current communication mode. The channel monitoring unit sets the parameter acquisition cycle, which is determined according to the monitoring frequency requirements of the smart streetlights, ensuring timely detection of channel anomalies. It also loads the HPLC channel qualification threshold and the low-power wireless channel qualification threshold, providing a standard basis for channel quality judgment.

[0046] Channel parameter acquisition module: After initialization, the channel monitoring unit operates cyclically according to the set parameter acquisition cycle. When the HPLC channel acquisition cycle is reached, it sends a parameter acquisition command to the HPLC communication subunit to collect the channel attenuation, signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, and data transmission rate on the current streetlight power supply line in real time. Channel attenuation reflects the signal loss caused by the power supply line; excessively long lines and oxidation of connectors can increase attenuation. The signal-to-noise ratio reflects the ratio of signal to line interference; surrounding commercial electrical equipment may cause line interference. The bit error rate reflects the proportion of erroneous symbols in data transmission; severe interference increases the bit error rate. The data transmission rate reflects the amount of data that can be transmitted per unit time. This will affect the speed of issuing monitoring commands. After the data collection is completed, these parameters will be fed back to the channel monitoring unit through the data interface. When the low-power wireless channel acquisition cycle is reached, an acquisition command will be sent to the low-power wireless communication subunit to collect the signal strength, signal interference, and communication link stability in the current environment in real time. The signal strength reflects the strength of the wireless signal. Trees and buildings along the road will reduce the signal strength. The signal interference reflects the interference from surrounding wireless devices. Base stations, wireless surveillance cameras, etc. may cause interference. The communication link stability reflects the reliability of the continuous transmission of the wireless link. Windy and rainy weather may affect the stability. After the data collection is completed, these parameters will be fed back to the channel monitoring unit through the data interface.

[0047] The channel monitoring unit calculates the HPLC channel quality composite index using the HPLC channel quality composite index formula, which is as follows: Meanwhile, the low-power wireless channel quality index is calculated using the formula: Q. RF =k3·(R S +100)+k4·(1-I R / 50)+k5·L R .

[0048] Q HPLC and Q RF Compare Q with the corresponding preset qualified thresholds respectively: HPLC When Q ≥ 5, the HPLC channel quality is considered to meet the threshold requirement; when Q HPLC When Q < 5, the HPLC channel quality is determined to exceed the threshold requirement; when Q RF When Q is ≥8, the low-power wireless channel quality is considered to meet the threshold requirement; when Q... RFWhen the value is less than 8, the low-power wireless channel quality is determined to exceed the threshold requirement. Then, the comparison results, the original parameter values ​​of the two channels, and the comprehensive quality index of the two channels are integrated to generate a channel quality report that includes the acquisition time, communication mode type, parameter list, quality index, and comparison results. The communication mode type includes HPLC communication mode and low-power wireless communication mode. The parameter list covers the attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio of the HPLC channel, as well as the signal strength and interference of the low-power wireless channel. Finally, the channel quality report is sent to the intelligent switching control unit through the internal bus to provide detailed data support for the switching decision.

[0049] Handover Determination and Command Generation Module: The intelligent handover control unit receives the channel quality report and, based on the HPLC channel quality comprehensive index and the low-power wireless channel quality comprehensive index, calculates the handover priority determination value using the handover priority determination formula. The handover priority determination formula is: P switch =Q HPLC -Q RF The current communication mode is determined by the communication mode type. Initially, the current communication mode is the default low-power wireless communication mode. Then, the current mode is combined with the switching priority judgment value to determine whether to switch. If the current mode is low-power wireless communication mode, and Q... RF <8, P switch If Q > 0, it is determined that the wireless channel quality is substandard and the HPLC channel quality is superior, and a command to switch to HPLC communication mode is generated. RF When the value is ≥8, regardless of the HPLC channel quality, the current mode will be maintained to avoid frequent switching that could affect the real-time performance of street light monitoring. For example, delays in brightness adjustment commands could lead to poor lighting effects. If the current mode is HPLC communication mode, and Q... HPLC <5, P switch If the value is less than 0, it is determined that the HPLC channel quality is substandard and the wireless channel quality is better, and an instruction to switch to low-power wireless communication mode is generated.

[0050] Meanwhile, the intelligent switching control unit continuously monitors external commands sent through the operation and maintenance platform. For example, when municipal operation and maintenance personnel find that the wireless signal interference in a certain section of the road is severe, they will issue a command to force a switch to HPLC mode through the platform. When such an external command is received, the intelligent switching control unit directly generates the corresponding switching command to meet the needs of manual emergency control. After generating the switching command, the intelligent switching control unit adds an execution time requirement to the command. This requirement is determined according to the real-time requirements of smart street light monitoring to avoid delayed uploading of fault alarm information. Then, the command is sent to the integrated communication unit through the control bus.

[0051] Communication Link Switching Execution Module: The integrated communication unit receives the switching command, parses the target mode and execution time requirements in the command, identifies the current communication subunit that needs to be disconnected and the target communication subunit that needs to be activated. If the currently running subunit is a low-power wireless communication subunit, the integrated communication unit sends a link disconnect command to it to ensure the safe shutdown of the wireless link and avoid signal conflicts with other wireless devices, and records the link disconnect time. It sends a link establishment command to the HPLC communication subunit to initiate the power line communication connection process and records the link establishment time. At the same time, it records the transmission time of the switching command, which is the interval from receiving the command to starting execution. Then, based on the command transmission time, link disconnect time, and link establishment time, it analyzes the switching response delay and compares it with the execution time requirement. If the switching response delay exceeds the execution time requirement, it triggers an optimization mechanism. Specifically, it may prioritize disconnecting the current link and then start the target link establishment in parallel, reduce redundant verification steps in the link establishment process, etc., re-execute the switching process, and dynamically adjust the timing until the switching response delay meets the requirements.

[0052] If the current operating unit is the HPLC communication subunit, and a switch to low-power wireless communication mode is required, follow the above procedure: disconnect the HPLC link, establish the low-power wireless link, analyze and optimize the switching response delay. After the switch is complete, the integrated communication unit generates a feedback signal containing the switching response delay and sends it to the data processing unit, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0053] Data processing and log generation module: This module receives external data through the switched target communication subunit, which may be a low-power wireless communication subunit or an HPLC communication subunit. The external data includes the operating status data of the smart streetlights, covering switch status, real-time brightness, operating current and voltage, and fault alarm information. After receiving the data, it transmits it to the data processing unit via a data interface. The data processing unit preprocesses the received data, performing data cleaning and format conversion on the status data. Data cleaning removes outliers, and fault data with sudden current spikes needs to be marked separately. Format conversion converts the raw data output by the streetlight controller into a standard format recognizable by the maintenance platform. After preprocessing, the data is sent back to the target communication subunit and forwarded to the business terminal, which is the monitoring platform of the municipal streetlight management center, allowing maintenance personnel to view the streetlight operating status in real time.

[0054] During data processing, the data processing unit counts the total number of transmitted data packets and the number of successfully transmitted data packets within a set time after the switch. The set time is determined based on the statistical needs of smart street light operation and maintenance. Then, the data transmission efficiency is obtained through analysis, thereby quantifying the stability of the communication link after the switch. At the same time, communication mode information, switching information, and data transmission information are integrated to form a communication log. Communication mode information includes the current communication mode and mode changes before and after the switch. Switching information includes the switch time, response delay, and triggering reason. Data transmission information includes the total number of data packets, the number of successfully transmitted data packets, and the transmission efficiency. Finally, the communication log is uploaded to the operation and maintenance platform through the network, which makes it easy for operation and maintenance personnel to trace the communication history. For example, when a street light frequently switches modes, the channel parameter change pattern can be analyzed through the log, which also facilitates troubleshooting. For example, when status data is lost, the transmission efficiency and channel quality at that time can be viewed through the log, providing data support for the long-term stable operation of smart street lights.

[0055] In summary, in the scenario of remote monitoring of smart streetlights, this dual-mode communication integrated system adapts to the monitoring needs of streetlights. The hardware initialization module completes the configuration based on the streetlight power supply and defaults to a low-power wireless communication mode suitable for outdoor use. The channel parameter acquisition module monitors the channel status of the power supply line and the wireless environment in real time and generates a quality report. The switching judgment and command generation module triggers switching based on channel quality and priority judgment values, while also taking into account manual emergency control. The communication link switching execution module accurately executes link switching and controls latency to avoid affecting the real-time performance of monitoring. The data processing and log generation module preprocesses status data and generates logs to assist in operation and maintenance, effectively solving problems such as line interference and complex wireless signals in streetlight scenarios, ensuring reliable remote monitoring and status feedback of streetlights, and supporting efficient operation and maintenance of urban infrastructure.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system, characterized in that, The system includes: Hardware initialization module: Power supply and hardware initialization are performed through power management unit, integrated communication unit, data processing unit, intelligent switching control unit and channel monitoring unit; Channel parameter acquisition module: The channel monitoring unit acquires the channel parameters of the HPLC communication subunit and the low-power wireless communication subunit according to the set parameter acquisition period, calculates the comprehensive channel quality index of the two channels, and generates a channel quality report to be sent to the intelligent switching control unit. Handover determination and command generation module: The intelligent handover control unit receives the channel quality report, calculates the handover priority determination value, and generates a handover command based on the current communication mode and sends it to the integrated communication unit; Communication link switching execution module: The integrated communication unit receives the switching command, performs the operation of disconnecting the current communication link and establishing a target communication link, calculates the switching response delay, generates a feedback signal, and sends it to the data processing unit; Data processing and log generation module: Receives external data through the target communication subunit, then transmits it to the data processing unit for preprocessing and forwarding. Simultaneously, it analyzes the data transmission efficiency, integrates communication mode information, switching information, and data transmission information to form a communication log, which is then uploaded to the operation and maintenance platform.

2. The low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the hardware initialization module, the power management unit connects to external power to supply power to the integrated communication unit, data processing unit, intelligent switching control unit, and channel monitoring unit; the integrated communication unit includes an HPLC communication subunit and a low-power wireless communication subunit, and completes the data interface and control bus association configuration between the HPLC communication subunit and the low-power wireless communication subunit through an internal bus; the data processing unit initializes the protocol stack and establishes a data interaction channel with the integrated communication unit; the intelligent switching control unit retrieves the default communication mode configuration and synchronizes it to the data processing unit; the channel monitoring unit sets the parameter acquisition period and loads the threshold standard.

3. The low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the channel parameter acquisition module, after the channel monitoring unit completes initialization, it starts working according to the set parameter acquisition cycle. When the HPLC channel acquisition cycle is reached, it sends a parameter acquisition command to the HPLC communication subunit to collect the channel attenuation, signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, and data transmission rate on the current power line in real time, and feeds back the collected parameters to the channel monitoring unit through the data interface. When the low-power wireless channel acquisition cycle is reached, it sends a parameter acquisition command to the low-power wireless communication subunit to collect the signal strength, signal interference, and communication link stability in the current environment, and feeds back the collected parameters to the channel monitoring unit through the data interface. The channel monitoring unit calculates the HPLC channel quality comprehensive index Q using the HPLC channel quality comprehensive index formula. HPLC The low-power wireless channel quality index Q is calculated using the formula for the low-power wireless channel quality index. RF and Q HPLC and Q RF The data is compared with the corresponding preset qualified thresholds, and then the comparison results, the original parameter values ​​of the two channels, and the comprehensive quality index of the two channels are integrated to generate a channel quality report containing the acquisition time, communication mode type, parameter list, quality index, and comparison results. The channel quality report is then sent to the intelligent switching control unit via the internal bus.

4. The low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the channel parameter acquisition module, the channel monitoring unit calculates the HPLC channel quality index Q using the HPLC channel quality index formula. HPLC The formula for its HPLC channel quality comprehensive index is: Among them, Q HPLC S is the overall HPLC channel quality index. H Here, k1 and k2 represent the signal-to-noise ratio of the HPLC channel, and A represents the weighting coefficients. H E represents the attenuation of the HPLC channel. H This represents the bit error rate of the HPLC channel.

5. The low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the channel parameter acquisition module, the channel monitoring unit calculates the low-power wireless channel quality index Q using the low-power wireless channel quality index formula. RF The formula for its low-power wireless channel quality index is: Q RF =k3·(R) S +100)+k4·(1-I R / 50)+k5·L R , where Q RF R is the comprehensive quality index for low-power wireless channels, where k3, k4, and k5 are weighting coefficients. S For the signal strength of a low-power wireless channel, I R L represents the signal interference level of a low-power wireless channel. R For link stability of low-power wireless channels.

6. The low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the channel parameter acquisition module, Q HPLC and Q RF Compare Q with the corresponding preset qualified thresholds respectively: HPLC When the value is ≥5, the HPLC channel quality is considered to meet the threshold requirement; When Q HPLC When the value is less than 5, the HPLC channel quality is determined to exceed the threshold requirement. When Q RF When Q is ≥8, the low-power wireless channel quality is considered to meet the threshold requirement; when Q... RF When the threshold value is less than 8, the low-power wireless channel quality is determined to exceed the threshold requirement.

7. The low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the handover determination and command generation module, the intelligent handover control unit receives the channel quality report and, based on the Q... HPLC and Q RF The handover priority determination value P is calculated using the handover priority determination formula. switch ; and match it with the current communication mode by communication mode type; when it is HPLC communication mode, and Q HPLC <5, P switch If the value is less than 0, it is determined that the HPLC channel quality is substandard and the wireless channel quality is better, and an instruction to switch to low-power wireless communication mode is generated. When it is a low-power wireless communication mode, and Q RF <8, P switch If the value is greater than 0, it is determined that the wireless channel quality is substandard and the HPLC channel quality is better, and an instruction to switch to HPLC communication mode is generated. At the same time, the intelligent switching control unit continuously listens for external instructions sent through the operation and maintenance platform. When an external instruction is received, the corresponding communication mode switching instruction is generated directly based on the external instruction. After generating the switching instruction, the intelligent switching control unit adds the execution time requirement information to the instruction and then sends the instruction to the integrated communication unit through the control bus.

8. The low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the handover determination and instruction generation module, the handover priority determination value P is calculated using the handover priority determination formula. switch The formula for determining the switching priority is: P switch =Q HPLC -Q RF , where P switch To switch priority determination values, Q HPLC Q is the overall HPLC channel quality index. RF This is the comprehensive index of low-power wireless channel quality.

9. The low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the communication link switching execution module, the integrated communication unit receives the switching command, parses the target mode and execution time requirements in the command, and confirms the communication subunit that needs to be disconnected and the target communication subunit that needs to be activated. When the HPLC communication subunit is running, the integrated communication unit sends a link disconnect command to the HPLC communication subunit and records the link disconnect time T. off It also sends a link establishment command to the low-power wireless communication subunit and records the link establishment time T. on Simultaneously record the transmission time T of the switching command. trans And based on T trans T off T on Analysis yields the switching response delay T delay And compare it with the execution time requirement, when T delay If the execution time requirement is exceeded, an optimization mechanism is triggered to re-execute the link disconnection and establishment process, dynamically adjusting the link switching timing until T... delay Within the time frame required for execution; When a low-power wireless communication subunit is in operation, the same procedure is followed; after the handover is completed, the integrated communication unit generates a feedback signal containing the handover response delay and sends it to the data processing unit.

10. The low-power wireless and HPLC dual-mode communication integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the data processing and log management module, external data is received through the switched target communication subunit and transmitted to the data processing unit through the data interface. After preprocessing by the data processing unit, the data is sent back to the target communication subunit and forwarded to the business terminal. While processing the data, the data processing unit counts the total number of transmitted data packets and the number of successfully transmitted data packets within a set time after the switch, analyzes the data transmission efficiency, quantifies the data transmission stability of the communication link after the switch, and integrates communication mode information, switch information, and data transmission information to form a communication log, which is then uploaded to the operation and maintenance platform.

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