Electrocardio and heart sound data acquisition system and method, electronic equipment, storage medium and electrocardio data acquisition circuit

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrocardio and heart sound data acquisition system and method, electronic equipment, a storage medium and an electrocardio data acquisition circuit. The electrocardio and heart sound data acquisition system comprises: an electrocardio acquisition module configured to acquire an electrocardio signal of a measured object at a first sampling frequency to obtain electrocardio data; the heart sound collection module is configured to collect heart sound signals of the detected object at a second sampling frequency to obtain heart sound data, the second sampling frequency is N times of the first sampling frequency, and N is a positive integer larger than 1; the timing control module is configured to generate a trigger signal according to a preset timing period; the data synchronization module is configured to respond to the trigger signal, read the electrocardio data and the heart sound data and combine the electrocardio data and the heart sound data into a synchronous data packet, and the time ranges of the heart sound data and the electrocardio data read each time are the same. According to the electrocardio and heart sound data acquisition system, accurate alignment of the electrocardio data and the heart sound data on the time axis can be guaranteed, and therefore the accuracy and reliability of data synchronization are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomedical signal acquisition, and in particular to an electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart sound data acquisition system, method, electronic device, storage medium, and ECG data acquisition circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the increasing demand for medical and health monitoring, electrocardiogram (ECG) and phonocardiogram (PCG), as two important biomedical data, play a vital role in the early diagnosis and health management of cardiovascular diseases.

[0003] However, the acquisition and transmission of current electrocardiogram (ECG) data and heart sound data are often carried out independently, which poses a challenge to application scenarios that require real-time correlation analysis of the two types of data.

[0004] Therefore, we hope to provide an improved scheme for acquiring electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart sound data to meet the needs of relevant application scenarios.

[0005] The background description is provided for the purpose of understanding the relevant technologies in this field and is not intended as an admission of prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide an electrocardiogram and heart sound data acquisition system, method, electronic device, storage medium, and electrocardiogram data acquisition circuit, which can realize the precise synchronous acquisition and transmission of electrocardiogram signals and heart sound signals for real-time integrated processing of electrocardiogram signals and heart sound signals.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electrocardiogram and heart sound data acquisition system, which may include: The electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition module is configured to acquire the ECG signal of the subject at a first sampling frequency to obtain ECG data. The heart sound acquisition module is configured to acquire the heart sound signal of the subject at a second sampling frequency to obtain heart sound data, wherein the second sampling frequency is N times the first sampling frequency, and N is a positive integer greater than 1. The timing control module is configured to generate trigger signals according to a preset timing period. The data synchronization module is configured to read electrocardiogram (ECG) data and heart sound data in response to the trigger signal, and combine the ECG data and heart sound data into a synchronization data packet, wherein the time range of the heart sound data and ECG data read each time is the same.

[0008] In some embodiments, the ECG acquisition module is configured to synchronously acquire multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data.

[0009] In some embodiments, the electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition module includes: Multiple electrode input terminals are used to receive the multiple electrocardiogram signals from the subject being tested; The reference potential generation unit is configured to generate a reference potential based on the multiple ECG signals. The differential unit is configured to perform differential processing on the multiple ECG signals based on the reference potential to obtain the multiple ECG data.

[0010] In some embodiments, the ECG acquisition module further includes a first-stage amplifier circuit, a high-pass filter, a second-stage amplifier circuit, and a low-pass filter; The first-stage amplifier circuit is configured to amplify the multiple ECG signals respectively to obtain the first-stage amplified signal; The reference potential generation unit is a WCT reference potential generation unit, configured to generate a WCT reference potential based on the first-stage amplified signal; The high-pass filter is configured to perform high-pass filtering on the first-stage amplified signal to obtain the filtered first-stage amplified signal. The second-stage amplifier circuit is configured to perform differential amplification on the filtered first-stage amplified signal using the WCT reference potential as a reference, to obtain the second-stage amplified signal. The low-pass filter is configured to perform low-pass filtering on the second-stage amplified signal to obtain multiple ECG data outputs.

[0011] In some embodiments, the electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition module further includes: The driving unit is configured to invert and amplify the error signal between the reference potential and the preset reference voltage and apply it to the object under test.

[0012] In some embodiments, the trigger frequency of the trigger signal is matched with the first sampling frequency.

[0013] In some embodiments, the electrocardiogram and heart sound acquisition data system further includes: The transmission module is configured to send the synchronization data packet to the receiving device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the synchronization data packet includes: Frame sequence number, used to identify the time sequence position of the synchronization data packet; and Channel identifier, used to identify the channel information of the electrocardiogram data and the heart sound data.

[0015] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for acquiring electrocardiogram and heart sound data, which may include: The electrocardiogram (ECG) signal of the subject is acquired at the first sampling frequency to obtain ECG data; The heart sound signal of the subject is acquired at a second sampling frequency to obtain heart sound data, wherein the second sampling frequency is N times the first sampling frequency, and N is a positive integer greater than 1; A trigger signal is generated according to a preset timing period; In response to the trigger signal, ECG data and heart sound data are read, and the ECG data and heart sound data are combined into a synchronization data packet, wherein the time range of the heart sound data and ECG data read each time is the same.

[0016] In some embodiments, acquiring electrocardiogram (ECG) signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain ECG data includes: Multiple ECG signals are simultaneously acquired at the first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data.

[0017] In some embodiments, the step of synchronously acquiring multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data includes: Receives multiple ECG signals from the subject being tested; A reference potential is generated based on the aforementioned multi-channel ECG signals; Based on the reference potential, the multiple ECG signals are differentially processed to obtain the multiple ECG data.

[0018] In some embodiments, the step of synchronously acquiring multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data includes: Receives multiple ECG signals from the subject being tested; The multiple ECG signals are amplified to obtain the first-stage amplified signal; A WCT reference potential is generated based on the first-stage amplified signal; The first-stage amplified signal is subjected to high-pass filtering to obtain the filtered first-stage amplified signal. Using the WCT reference potential as a reference, the filtered first-stage amplified signal is differentially amplified to obtain the second-stage amplified signal; The second-stage amplified signal is subjected to low-pass filtering to obtain the multi-channel ECG data.

[0019] In some embodiments, the step of synchronously acquiring multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data further includes: The error signal between the reference potential and the preset reference voltage is inverted and amplified, and then applied to the object under test.

[0020] In some embodiments, the trigger frequency of the trigger signal is matched with the first sampling frequency.

[0021] In some embodiments, the electrocardiogram and heart sound data acquisition method further includes: The synchronization data packet is sent to the receiving device.

[0022] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory storing a computer program, the processor being configured to implement the method as described in the second aspect when executing the computer program.

[0023] In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the second aspect.

[0024] In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electrocardiogram (ECG) data acquisition circuit, which may include: Multiple electrode input terminals are used to receive multiple electrocardiogram signals from the subject. The reference potential generation unit is configured to generate a reference potential based on the multiple ECG signals. The differential unit is configured to perform differential processing on the multiple ECG signals based on the reference potential to obtain the multiple ECG data.

[0025] In some embodiments, the ECG data acquisition circuit further includes a first-stage amplifier circuit, a high-pass filter, a second-stage amplifier circuit, and a low-pass filter. The first-stage amplifier circuit is configured to amplify the multiple ECG signals respectively to obtain the first-stage amplified signal; The reference potential generation unit is a WCT reference potential generation unit, configured to generate a WCT reference potential based on the first-stage amplified signal; The high-pass filter is configured to perform high-pass filtering on the first-stage amplified signal to obtain the filtered first-stage amplified signal. The differential unit is configured to perform differential amplification on the filtered first-stage amplified signal with reference to the WCT reference potential to obtain the second-stage amplified signal; The low-pass filter is configured to perform low-pass filtering on the second-stage amplified signal to obtain multiple ECG data outputs.

[0026] In some embodiments, the electrocardiogram data acquisition circuit further includes: The driving unit is configured to invert and amplify the error signal between the reference potential and the preset reference voltage and apply it to the object under test.

[0027] The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system provided in this invention employs an ECG acquisition module that acquires ECG signals at a first sampling frequency and a heart sound acquisition module that acquires heart sound signals at a second sampling frequency, where the second sampling frequency is N times the first sampling frequency. A timing control module generates a trigger signal according to a preset timing period. A data synchronization module responds to the trigger signal by reading ECG and heart sound data and combining them into a synchronization data packet. The time range of the heart sound and ECG data read each time is the same. This ECG and heart sound data acquisition scheme overcomes the technical difficulty of accurately synchronizing ECG and heart sound signals due to different sampling frequencies. By adopting a timing trigger and time range alignment strategy, it can ensure precise alignment of ECG and heart sound data on the time axis at the hardware level, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of data synchronization.

[0028] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the ECG acquisition module can also be configured to simultaneously acquire multiple ECG signals, and includes an electrode input terminal, a reference potential generation unit, and a differential unit. This solution further solves the common-mode interference problem during multi-channel ECG signal acquisition. By generating a reference potential based on multiple ECG signals and performing differential processing, common-mode noise can be effectively suppressed and the signal-to-noise ratio of ECG data can be improved.

[0029] Other optional features and technical effects of the embodiments of the present invention are partly described below and partly apparent from reading this document. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The elements shown are not limited to the scale shown in the drawings, and the same or similar reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar elements, wherein: Figure 1 An exemplary block diagram of an electrocardiogram and heart sound data acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of an electrocardiogram and heart sound data acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 An exemplary block diagram of an electrocardiogram (ECG) data acquisition circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A flowchart of a method for acquiring electrocardiogram and heart sound data according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A flowchart of a method for acquiring electrocardiogram and heart sound data according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A flowchart of a method for acquiring electrocardiogram and heart sound data according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 An exemplary structural diagram of an electronic device capable of implementing the method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are used to explain the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention.

[0032] In the description of embodiments of the present invention, the term "comprising" and its variations indicate an open-ended inclusion, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "or" means "and / or". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first", "second", etc., may refer to different or the same objects.

[0033] As mentioned earlier, electrocardiogram (ECG) and phonocardiogram (PCG) are two important biomedical signals that play a vital role in cardiovascular health monitoring.

[0034] However, when both ECG and heart sound signals need to be acquired simultaneously for comprehensive analysis, the synchronous processing of these signals presents certain technical challenges due to their typically different sampling frequencies. For example, known schemes acquire and process ECG and heart sound signals as two independent data streams. By way of explanation, and not limitation, in these known schemes, the different sampling frequencies of the two signals may necessitate frequent scheduling and synchronization operations during synchronous processing, potentially leading to system processing delays. Furthermore, during data transmission, the different sampling frequencies may result in incomplete or out-of-order data packets after combination, affecting data continuity.

[0035] Furthermore, in applications requiring real-time analysis based on the characteristic time differences between ECG and heart sound signals—such as assessing cardiac function based on the time relationship between the ECG QRS wave and heart sound S1, or the time relationship between the ECG T wave and heart sound S2—the accuracy of data synchronization directly affects the reliability of the analysis results. In this case, if the two signals cannot be precisely aligned on the time axis, it may be difficult to provide effective reference data.

[0036] To address this, embodiments of the present invention provide an electrocardiogram and heart sound data acquisition system, a heart sound data acquisition method, and an electrocardiogram data acquisition circuit, which can effectively achieve precise synchronous acquisition of electrocardiogram signals and heart sound signals.

[0037] The specific implementation of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 An exemplary block diagram of an electrocardiogram and heart sound data acquisition system 100 according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the electrocardiogram and heart sound data acquisition system 100 can be used, for example, to synchronously acquire the electrocardiogram signal and heart sound signal of the subject being tested, and combine the acquired data into a synchronous data packet for output or transmission.

[0039] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system 100 may include an ECG acquisition module 110, a heart sound acquisition module 120, a timing control module 130, and a data synchronization module 140. In some embodiments, the ECG and heart sound data acquisition system may further include a transmission module, which can be configured to send synchronization data packets to an external receiving device.

[0040] In some embodiments, the ECG acquisition module 110 can be configured to acquire the ECG signal of the subject at a first sampling frequency to obtain ECG data. In some embodiments, the ECG signal includes cardiac electrical activity signals acquired from the subject (e.g., from the body surface of the subject) via electrodes, also known as electrocardiogram (ECG) signals.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first sampling frequency refers to the sampling frequency at which the ECG acquisition module 110 performs analog-to-digital conversion on the ECG signal. In a specific example, the first sampling frequency is set to 1000Hz, meaning 1000 ECG data sample points are acquired per second. For explanation, a sampling frequency of 1000Hz can meet the needs of routine ECG signal analysis, including the identification and analysis of ECG characteristic waveforms such as the P wave, QRS complex, and T wave. However, it is understood that in other embodiments, the first sampling frequency can also be set to other values, such as 500Hz, 2000Hz, etc., and this embodiment of the invention does not limit this.

[0042] In some embodiments, the heart sound acquisition module 120 can be configured to acquire the heart sound signal of the subject at a second sampling frequency to obtain heart sound data. In this embodiment of the invention, the heart sound signal includes sound signals generated by the opening and closing of heart valves and blood flow, also known as phonocardiogram (PCG) signals.

[0043] In some embodiments, the second sampling frequency refers to the sampling frequency at which the heart sound acquisition module 120 performs analog-to-digital conversion on the electrocardiogram signal. In a specific example, the heart sound acquisition front end performs analog-to-digital conversion on the heart sound signal at a sampling frequency of 8000Hz.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the second sampling frequency is N times the first sampling frequency, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. By way of explanation and not limitation, by setting the heart sound sampling frequency to an integer multiple of the electrocardiogram (ECG) sampling frequency, when reading both types of data within the same time range, the number of data points will naturally be in an integer multiple relationship, eliminating the need for additional timestamp matching or interpolation processing. This achieves precise synchronous acquisition of ECG and heart sound signals at the hardware level, which will be described in detail below.

[0045] In some embodiments, the timing control module 130 can be configured to generate a trigger signal according to a preset timing period. In a specific example, the timing controller 130 is configured to generate an interrupt signal every 1ms to trigger data reading.

[0046] In some embodiments, the data synchronization module 140 may be configured to read electrocardiogram (ECG) data and heart sound data in response to a trigger signal, and combine the ECG data and heart sound data into a synchronization data packet, wherein the time range of the heart sound data and ECG data read each time is the same.

[0047] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic of an exemplary electrocardiogram and heart sound data acquisition system.

[0048] The following is combined with Figure 2 The overall data flow of this specific embodiment is described.

[0049] In this embodiment, reference Figure 2 The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system includes an ECG acquisition front-end, a heart sound acquisition front-end, an A / D converter, a data storage device, a timing controller, and a Bluetooth module.

[0050] In this embodiment, along the ECG signal acquisition path, the ECG acquisition front-end receives the ECG signal from the subject, processes it through an analog front-end, and then performs analog-to-digital conversion by an A / D converter at a sampling frequency of 1000Hz. In this specific embodiment, the ECG acquisition front-end acquires three ECG signals, thus obtaining three ECG data streams (ECG1, ECG2, ECG3) after A / D conversion, which are stored in three sets of ECG data memories. Along the heart sound signal acquisition path, the heart sound acquisition front-end receives the heart sound signal from the subject, processes it through an analog front-end, and then performs analog-to-digital conversion by an A / D converter at a sampling frequency of 8000Hz to obtain heart sound data (PCG), which is stored in the heart sound data memory. In this embodiment, the sampling frequency of the heart sound signal (8000Hz) is 8 times the sampling frequency of the ECG signal (1000Hz), i.e., N=8.

[0051] In this embodiment, the timing controller is configured to generate an interrupt signal every 1ms (i.e., a trigger frequency of 1000Hz, equal to the sampling frequency of the ECG signal). In response to this interrupt signal, the system reads data from three sets of ECG data storage and heart sound data storage. Since the ECG acquisition path generates one sampling point and the heart sound acquisition path generates eight sampling points within a 1ms time window, the data read each time an interrupt is triggered includes: one ECG1 data point, one ECG2 data point, one ECG3 data point, and eight PCG data points.

[0052] In this embodiment, the read data is combined into a synchronization data packet and sent to an external receiving device via a Bluetooth module.

[0053] Through the timed triggering and synchronous reading mechanism of the above embodiments of the present invention, ECG data and heart sound data are precisely aligned on the time axis. The specific implementation methods of each module will be described in detail below. In the following description, we will continue to use... Figure 2 The specific embodiment shown is used as an example for illustration.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, the electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition module 110 may include an ECG data acquisition circuit. Accordingly, this embodiment of the invention also provides an ECG data acquisition circuit.

[0055] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 An exemplary block diagram of an electrocardiogram (ECG) data acquisition circuit 300 according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown. By way of explanation and not limitation, the ECG data acquisition circuit 300 may be integrated into the ECG acquisition module 110 and serve as the core circuit of the ECG acquisition module 110, or it may be a circuit product independent of the ECG acquisition module 110. The following will be combined with... Figure 3 The internal structure of the ECG acquisition module 110 is described in detail.

[0056] In some embodiments, the ECG acquisition module 110 may be configured to acquire a single ECG signal. In other embodiments, the ECG acquisition module 110 may be configured to simultaneously acquire multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multi-channel ECG data. By way of explanation and not limitation, multi-channel ECG acquisition can provide richer ECG information, which is beneficial for a more comprehensive analysis of the electrical activity state of the heart.

[0057] In one specific embodiment, reference is made to Figure 3Multiple ECG data streams can include three ECG data streams. In this embodiment, the three ECG data streams can each come from three electrodes positioned at different locations on the subject's body surface, including a right arm electrode (RA), a left arm electrode (LA), and a left leg electrode (LL). For illustrative purposes, and not as a limitation, standard three-lead ECG acquisition can be achieved using the RA, LA, and LL electrodes, obtaining ECG signals from lead I (LA-RA), lead II (LL-RA), and lead III (LL-LA). However, it is understood that in other embodiments, multiple ECG data streams can also include two, four, six, or more ECG data streams; this embodiment of the invention does not limit the number of ECG data streams.

[0058] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 The electrocardiogram (ECG) data acquisition circuit 300 may include multiple electrode input terminals 310 for receiving multiple ECG signals from the subject. Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the electrode input terminal 310 includes an RA input terminal, an LA input terminal, and an LL input terminal, which are used to receive electrocardiogram signals from the right arm electrode, the left arm electrode, and the left leg electrode, respectively.

[0059] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 The ECG data acquisition circuit 300 may also include a first-stage amplifier circuit 320 (e.g., Figure 3 (An AMP1 is schematically marked in the diagram). In this embodiment, the first-stage amplifier circuit 320 can be configured to amplify multiple ECG signals separately to obtain a first-stage amplified signal. By way of explanation and not limitation, the amplitude of the raw ECG signal acquired from the surface electrodes is usually very small (e.g., in the range of 0.5mV to 2mV), and the first-stage amplified signal obtained by amplification in this embodiment can better meet the dynamic range requirements of subsequent processing.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first-stage amplifier circuit 320 may be implemented using a low-noise operational amplifier to minimize noise introduced during amplification. In some embodiments, the amplification factor of the first-stage amplifier circuit 320 may be reasonably determined according to actual needs. In a specific example, the amplification factor of the first-stage amplifier circuit 320 is 20x.

[0061] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 The three ECG signals are amplified by the first-stage amplifier circuit 320 to obtain three first-stage amplified signals: RA_BUF, LA_BUF, and LL_BUF. In this embodiment, the first-stage amplified signals can be divided into two paths after output: one path can be sent to the reference potential generation unit 340 to generate a reference potential, and the other path can be sent to the high-pass filter 330 for subsequent filtering and differential amplification processing.

[0062] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 The ECG data acquisition circuit 300 may also include a reference potential generation unit 340 (e.g., Figure 3 (WCT is schematically marked in the diagram). In this embodiment, the reference potential generation unit 340 is configured to generate a reference potential based on the first-stage amplified signal. For explanation, the reference potential can be used to provide a reference potential for subsequent differential processing.

[0063] In some embodiments, the reference potential generation unit 340 may be a WCT reference potential generation unit and configured to generate a WCT reference potential based on the first-stage amplified signal. By way of explanation and not limitation, WCT (Wilson Central Terminal) is a reference potential generation method in electrocardiography. The WCT reference potential can be obtained by averaging multiple electrocardiogram signals and can represent the average potential level of cardiac electrical activity.

[0064] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 The WCT reference potential generation unit 340 can receive three first-stage amplified signals (e.g., the aforementioned RA_BUF, LA_BUF, LL_BUF) and generate a WCT reference potential (e.g. Figure 3 WCT_REF is schematically marked in the image.

[0065] In one embodiment, the WCT reference potential can be generated in the following manner: WCT_REF=(RA_BUF+LA_BUF+LL_BUF) / 3, In this embodiment, as an explanation, by averaging the three signals, the WCT reference potential can provide a relatively stable reference, which is beneficial to improving the common-mode rejection effect of differential amplification.

[0066] In some embodiments, the WCT reference potential generation unit 340 may include a resistor network and a buffer amplifier. By way of explanation and not limitation, the resistor network can be used to perform an averaging operation on the three signals, and the buffer amplifier can be used to buffer the averaged signal to provide sufficient driving capability. However, it is understood that in other embodiments, the reference potential generation unit 340 may also generate the reference potential in other ways, such as selecting a specific signal as a reference or using other weighted averaging methods, etc., and this embodiment of the invention does not limit this.

[0067] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3The ECG data acquisition circuit 300 may further include a high-pass filter 330, which is configured to perform high-pass filtering on the first-stage amplified signal to obtain a filtered first-stage amplified signal. By way of explanation and not limitation, high-pass filtering can remove DC bias and low-frequency baseline drift caused by factors such as respiratory movements and changes in electrode-skin contact impedance in the ECG signal, thereby ensuring the accuracy of subsequent ECG waveform analysis.

[0068] In one specific example, the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter 330 is set to 0.48 Hz. This cutoff frequency effectively removes baseline drift while preserving useful low-frequency components of the ECG signal (e.g., the frequency range of an ECG signal is typically 0.05 Hz to 150 Hz). However, it is understood that in other embodiments, the high-pass filter cutoff frequency may be set to other values, which can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to specific needs.

[0069] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 The ECG data acquisition circuit 300 may also include a second-stage amplifier circuit 350 (e.g., Figure 3 An AMP2 is schematically marked in the diagram. In this embodiment, the second-stage amplifier circuit 350 can be configured to differentially amplify the filtered first-stage amplified signal with reference to the WCT reference potential to obtain the second-stage amplified signal. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the positive input (+) of the second-stage amplifier circuit 350 receives the first-stage amplified signal after high-pass filtering, and the negative input (-) receives the WCT_REF reference potential. In this embodiment, the second-stage amplifier circuit effectively suppresses common-mode interference (such as power frequency interference, electromagnetic interference, etc.) and preserves and amplifies the ECG signal components of each lead.

[0070] In a specific example, the amplification factor of the second-stage amplifier circuit 350 is set to 40. Therefore, combined with the 20x amplification factor of the first-stage amplifier circuit 320, the total amplification factor of the ECG data acquisition circuit 300 reaches 800x (20 × 40 = 800). To explain, with this total amplification of 800x, the approximately 1mV raw ECG signal can be amplified to approximately 0.8Vpp (peak-to-peak), thus meeting the input dynamic range requirements of a typical analog-to-digital converter.

[0071] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3The ECG data acquisition circuit 300 may further include a low-pass filter 360. In this embodiment, the low-pass filter 360 may be disposed after the second-stage amplifier circuit 350. For explanation, the low-pass filter 360 may be configured to perform low-pass filtering on the second-stage amplified signal to obtain multiple ECG data outputs. Specifically, the low-pass filter can be used to remove high-frequency noise from the ECG signal, including electromyographic interference, high-frequency electromagnetic interference, etc.

[0072] In one specific example, the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter 360 is set to 180Hz. By way of explanation and not limitation, this cutoff frequency is able to preserve the main frequency components of the ECG signal (typically in the range of 0.05Hz to 150Hz) while effectively suppressing high-frequency noise.

[0073] In some embodiments, after low-pass filtering, the three ECG signals (ADC_RA, ADC_LA, ADC_LL) can be sent to an analog-to-digital converter for digital processing to obtain the final multi-channel ECG data.

[0074] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 The ECG data acquisition circuit 300 may also include a drive unit 370 (e.g., Figure 3 (DRL is schematically marked in the diagram). In this embodiment, the drive unit 370 can be configured to invert and amplify the error signal between the reference potential and the preset reference voltage and apply it to the object under test.

[0075] As an explanation, and not a limitation, during the acquisition of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, the body surface of the subject is subject to various common-mode interferences, including power frequency interference (50Hz or 60Hz) and electromagnetic interference. These common-mode interferences are superimposed on the ECG signal, thus affecting signal quality. In this embodiment of the invention, the driving unit 370 can apply the common-mode interference signal back to the body surface of the subject after inverting it through an active feedback mechanism, thereby canceling the effects of common-mode interference.

[0076] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 The drive unit 370 can receive the WCT_REF reference potential, invert and amplify the error signal between it and a preset reference voltage, and apply the inverted and amplified signal to the object under test through the RL electrode (Right Leg electrode). In this embodiment, the drive unit 370 can be referred to as a Right Leg Drive (DRL) unit. In some embodiments, the preset reference voltage includes, for example, a reference potential set internally by the drive unit 370, such as the midpoint voltage VREF of an analog circuit.

[0077] As an explanation and not a limitation, when common-mode interference causes the surface potential of the test object to deviate from the preset reference voltage, the DRL unit can detect this deviation, amplify it inverted, and inject it into the surface of the test object through the RL electrode, thereby pulling the surface potential back to near the preset reference voltage. Through this negative feedback mechanism, common-mode interference can be significantly suppressed. In other embodiments, the drive unit 370 can also apply the amplified signal to the test object through other electrodes (not limited to the right leg electrode), and this embodiment of the invention does not limit this.

[0078] In some embodiments, the ECG data acquisition circuit 300 may further include a protection circuit disposed at the ECG signal input terminal. In this embodiment, the protection circuit can be used to protect the safety of the ECG acquisition circuit and the object being measured.

[0079] In one specific embodiment, the protection circuit includes a series current-limiting protection resistor, a transient voltage suppressor (TVS) diode, and an RC filter network. For explanation, the series current-limiting protection resistor can be placed between the electrode input terminal and the subsequent circuitry to limit the current flowing through the electrode, thereby preventing damage to the object under test in abnormal conditions (such as defibrillator discharge); the TVS diode can be placed at the electrode input terminal to absorb transient overvoltages, thus protecting the subsequent circuitry from high-voltage surges; the RC filter network can be placed at the electrode input terminal to filter out high-frequency interference, and, in conjunction with the TVS diode, further improves the circuit's anti-interference capability.

[0080] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting the above-mentioned protection circuit, the ECG data acquisition circuit 300 is ensured to meet the requirements of medical device safety standards, such as IEC 60601-1 (General safety requirements for medical electrical equipment) and IEC 60601-2-47 (particular requirements for ECG monitoring equipment).

[0081] As mentioned above, in this embodiment of the invention, the heart sound acquisition module 120 can be configured to acquire the heart sound signal of the tested object at a second sampling frequency, wherein the second sampling frequency is N times the first sampling frequency, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0082] As an explanation, and not a limitation, the frequency range of heart sound signals is typically 20 Hz to 2000 Hz, which is higher than the frequency range of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals (typically 0.05 Hz to 150 Hz). Therefore, the sampling frequency of heart sound signals usually needs to be higher than that of ECG signals to satisfy the Nyquist sampling theorem.

[0083] In a specific example, when the first sampling frequency is 1000Hz, the second sampling frequency can be 8000Hz, in which case N is 8. In this embodiment, the 8000Hz sampling frequency can meet the requirements for heart sound signal acquisition. According to the Nyquist sampling theorem, heart sound signals with a frequency range below 4000Hz can be acquired without distortion. In other embodiments, N can also be set to other positive integers greater than 1, such as 2, 4, 10, 16, etc., and this embodiment of the invention does not limit this. Those skilled in the art can choose an appropriate value of N according to the actual frequency range of the heart sound signal and the acquisition accuracy requirements.

[0084] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting the second sampling frequency to an integer multiple of the first sampling frequency, the number of sampling points for heart sound data and the number of sampling points for electrocardiogram data can be integer multiples within the same time range. This integer multiple relationship simplifies subsequent data synchronization processing and avoids interpolation or resampling operations caused by non-integer multiple relationships.

[0085] In some embodiments, the heart sound acquisition module 120 may include a heart sound sensor and an analog front-end circuit.

[0086] In some embodiments, a heart sound sensor can be used to convert the mechanical vibration signal of a heart sound into an electrical signal. In some embodiments, the heart sound sensor includes, but is not limited to, piezoelectric sensors, electret sensors, MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) sensors, etc.

[0087] In some embodiments, the analog front-end circuit can be used to amplify and filter the electrical signal output by the heart sound sensor. In some embodiments, the analog front-end circuit includes, but is not limited to, a preamplifier, a bandpass filter, etc. For explanation, the preamplifier amplifies the heart sound signal, and the bandpass filter removes low-frequency and high-frequency noise from the signal, retaining the useful frequency components of the heart sound signal.

[0088] In some embodiments, the heart sound acquisition module 120 may further include an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for converting analog heart sound signals into digital signals. In one specific embodiment, the ADC resolution may be 12-bit, 16-bit, or higher; this is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention. In one specific embodiment, refer to... Figure 2 The heart sound acquisition module 120 may include a heart sound acquisition front end and an A / D converter, which continuously acquires heart sound signals at a frequency of 8000Hz and stores the acquired data in a heart sound data memory, waiting for the trigger signal from the timing control module 130.

[0089] In some embodiments, the timing control module 130 can be configured to generate a trigger signal according to a preset timing period. In this embodiment of the invention, the trigger signal can be used to trigger the data synchronization module 140 to read electrocardiogram data and heart sound data.

[0090] In some embodiments, the preset timing period refers to the time interval between two adjacent trigger signals generated by the timing control module 130; the trigger frequency is the reciprocal of the timing period, representing the number of trigger signals generated per second.

[0091] In some embodiments, the trigger frequency of the trigger signal can be set to match the first sampling frequency. By way of explanation and not limitation, "the trigger frequency can match the first sampling frequency" can be understood as having a corresponding relationship between the trigger frequency and the first sampling frequency, so that the data synchronization module 140 can read and process the acquired data in a timely manner.

[0092] In an optional embodiment, the trigger frequency can be set to be equal to the first sampling frequency. In one specific embodiment, the first sampling frequency is 1000Hz, the timing period is 1ms, and the trigger frequency is 1000Hz. In this embodiment, the timing control module 130 generates a trigger signal every 1ms, and the data synchronization module 140 reads ECG data at one time point and heart sound data at N time points each time it responds to the trigger signal (N is the ratio of the second sampling frequency to the first sampling frequency).

[0093] In some alternative embodiments, the trigger frequency can be set to 1 / M (where M is a positive integer) of the first sampling frequency. In one specific embodiment, the first sampling frequency is 1000Hz, M is 10, the timing period is 10ms, and the trigger frequency is 100Hz. In this embodiment, the timing control module 130 generates a trigger signal every 10ms, and the data synchronization module 140 reads ECG data from 10 time points and heart sound data from 10×N time points each time it responds to the trigger signal. By way of explanation and not limitation, this batch reading mode can reduce the number of triggers and reduce the system's scheduling overhead.

[0094] It is understood that in other embodiments, the trigger frequency may also be set to other values, and the embodiments of the present invention do not limit this.

[0095] In this embodiment of the invention, the timing control module 130 can be implemented in a variety of ways.

[0096] In some embodiments, the timing control module 130 includes a timer configured to periodically generate a timing interrupt signal at a preset timing period, which serves as a trigger signal. In some embodiments, the timer may include a hardware timer, such as a timer module built into a microcontroller (MCU) or digital signal processor (DSP). For explanation, a hardware timer can provide precise timing functionality and generate a periodically stable trigger signal.

[0097] In some embodiments, a timer interrupt method is used, where the timer generates a timer interrupt signal every timer cycle. This timer interrupt signal triggers the microcontroller's Interrupt Service Routine (ISR). In this embodiment, the data synchronization module 140 performs data reading and packet assembly operations within the ISR.

[0098] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The timing controller is configured to generate an interrupt signal every 1ms. Figure 2 (This is marked as a "1ms interrupt"). In response to this interrupt signal, the system reads ECG1, ECG2, ECG3, and PCG data from the three sets of ECG and heart sound data storage, and combines them into a synchronization data packet to send to the Bluetooth module.

[0099] It is understood that in other embodiments, the timing control module 130 can also be implemented through software polling, event triggering, etc. The present invention does not limit the specific triggering mechanism.

[0100] In some embodiments, the data synchronization module 140 may be configured to read electrocardiogram (ECG) data and heart sound data in response to a trigger signal, and combine the ECG data and heart sound data into a synchronization data packet. In an optional embodiment, the time range of the heart sound data and ECG data read each time is the same.

[0101] In some embodiments, the data synchronization module 140 may read data from the ECG acquisition module 110 and the heart sound acquisition module 120 in response to a trigger signal generated by the timing control module 130. For explanation, since the trigger signal is generated periodically, the data synchronization module 140 also periodically performs data reading operations.

[0102] In some embodiments, the ECG data and heart sound data read in each read operation cover the same time range. In this embodiment, the second sampling frequency is N times the first sampling frequency, and the number of heart sound data sampling points is N times the number of ECG data sampling points within the same time range. In one example, the trigger frequency is equal to the first sampling frequency, and the time range of each trigger read is one ECG sampling cycle. Within this one sampling cycle, the ECG acquisition module 110 generates one ECG data sample point, and the heart sound acquisition module 120 generates N heart sound data sample points. Therefore, the data synchronization module 140 reads ECG data from one time point and heart sound data from N time points each time. In a specific example, the first sampling frequency is 1000Hz, N is 8, and each trigger reads one ECG data sample point and eight heart sound data sample points; these two sets of data correspond to the same 1ms time window.

[0103] In this embodiment of the invention, through this "same time range" reading mechanism, ECG data and heart sound data are precisely aligned on the time axis without the need for additional timestamp matching or interpolation processing.

[0104] In some embodiments, the ECG acquisition module 110 and the heart sound acquisition module 120 may temporarily store the acquired data in their respective data buffers. In this embodiment, the data synchronization module 140 may read the corresponding data from the data buffer in response to a trigger signal.

[0105] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The ECG acquisition module 110 can store the acquired three ECG data into three sets of ECG data storage devices (e.g., storing ECG1, ECG2, and ECG3 data respectively), and the heart sound acquisition module 120 can store the acquired heart sound data into a heart sound data storage device. In this embodiment, when the timing controller generates a 1ms interrupt trigger signal, the data synchronization module can read data within the corresponding time range from the data storage device. It is understood that in other embodiments, the data synchronization module 140 can also directly read data from the output register of the analog-to-digital converter; the embodiments of the present invention do not limit the specific data acquisition method.

[0106] In some embodiments, the data synchronization module 140 can combine the read electrocardiogram (ECG) data and heart sound data into a synchronization data packet. In this embodiment, the synchronization data packet can be constructed as a data unit containing ECG data and heart sound data within the same time range.

[0107] In some embodiments, the synchronization data packet may include a frame sequence number and a channel identifier.

[0108] In some embodiments, the frame sequence number can be used to identify the time sequence position of a synchronization data packet. Specifically, the frame sequence number can be an incrementing sequence number, for example, starting from 0 or 1 and incrementing by 1 for each synchronization data packet generated. As an explanation, the receiver can determine the order and continuity of data packets and detect whether any data packets are lost by using the frame sequence number.

[0109] In some embodiments, channel identifiers can be used to identify channel information for ECG data and heart sound data. In some embodiments, for acquiring multiple ECG data streams, channel identifiers can be used to distinguish ECG data from different leads. In some embodiments, reference... Figure 2 When collecting three ECG data channels, the channel identifiers can be used to distinguish the four data channels: ECG1, ECG2, ECG3, and PCG.

[0110] In one specific embodiment, the structure of the synchronization data packet may include: a frame header, an electrocardiogram (ECG) data area, and a heart sound data area. In this embodiment, the frame header includes information such as frame sequence number and data length; the ECG data area includes multiple ECG data streams from one or more time points; and the heart sound data area includes heart sound data within a corresponding time range. In an optional embodiment, the synchronization data packet may further include a checksum, which can be used for data integrity verification. It is understood that in other embodiments, the synchronization data packet may also adopt other data formats, and this embodiment of the invention does not limit this.

[0111] In some embodiments, the ECG and heart sound data acquisition system 100 may further include a transmission module. In this embodiment, the transmission module is configured to send synchronization data packets to a receiving device.

[0112] In some embodiments, the transmission module can send synchronization data packets to the receiving device using wired or wireless transmission methods. In one example, the transmission module uses wired transmission and can connect to the receiving device via a wired interface such as USB (Universal Serial Bus), UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter), or SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface). In another example, the transmission module uses wireless transmission and may include a wireless transmission module. In this embodiment, the wireless transmission module includes, but is not limited to, Bluetooth modules, Wi-Fi modules, Zigbee modules, LoRa modules, etc.

[0113] In one specific embodiment, the transmission module includes a Bluetooth module, which encapsulates and sends synchronization data packets according to the Bluetooth protocol. By way of explanation and not limitation, Bluetooth transmission has the characteristics of low power consumption, short range, and high reliability, and can be applied to wearable ECG and heart sound acquisition devices. In one specific embodiment, reference... Figure 2In this specific embodiment, the transmission module is a Bluetooth module configured to send a synchronization data packet containing ECG1, ECG2, ECG3 and PCG data to an external receiving device (such as a smartphone, tablet or dedicated receiver).

[0114] In some embodiments, the transmission module can encapsulate multiple synchronization data packets into a transmission frame for transmission. In this embodiment, the transmission frame may include fields such as a frame header, data payload, and frame trailer. The frame header may include information such as frame type and data length, and the frame trailer may include information such as a checksum. By way of explanation and not limitation, encapsulating multiple synchronization data packets into a transmission frame can reduce the overhead of the transmission protocol and improve transmission efficiency. However, it is understood that in other embodiments, the transmission module may also send synchronization data packets one by one; the embodiments of this invention do not limit the transmission method.

[0115] In some embodiments, the receiving device includes any device capable of receiving and processing synchronization data packets. In some embodiments, the receiving device is, for example, but not limited to, a general-purpose computing device such as a smartphone, tablet, or personal computer. In other embodiments, the receiving device may also include dedicated medical monitoring equipment, data acquisition terminals, etc.

[0116] In some embodiments, after receiving the synchronization data packet, the receiving device can store, display, and analyze the electrocardiogram (ECG) data and heart sound data. By way of explanation and not limitation, since the ECG data and heart sound data in the synchronization data packet are precisely aligned on the time axis, the receiving device can directly perform comprehensive analysis based on time characteristics, such as analyzing the time interval between the QRS complex and heart sound S1 on the ECG, and the time interval between the T wave and heart sound S2 on the ECG.

[0117] Accordingly, this embodiment of the invention also provides a method for acquiring electrocardiogram and heart sound data, which can be executed by the aforementioned electrocardiogram and heart sound data acquisition system 100, or by other devices or systems with corresponding functions.

[0118] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 The electrocardiogram and heart sound data acquisition method according to embodiments of the present invention may include the following steps S410, S420, S430, and S440: S410: Acquire the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal of the subject at the first sampling frequency to obtain ECG data.

[0119] In some embodiments, the ECG signal of the subject can be acquired and converted from analog to digital at a first sampling frequency by the ECG acquisition module 110 or the ECG data acquisition circuit 300 to obtain digitized ECG data. For details regarding the specific implementation of ECG signal acquisition in this embodiment, please refer to the preceding description of the ECG acquisition module 110; it will not be repeated here.

[0120] In some embodiments, step S410 may include: synchronously acquiring multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data. In this embodiment, synchronously acquiring multiple ECG signals can obtain multi-dimensional information on the electrical activity of the subject's heart, which is beneficial for a more comprehensive analysis of the heart's health status.

[0121] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 The step of synchronously acquiring multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data may include the following steps S510, S520 and S530.

[0122] S510: Receives multiple ECG signals from the subject being tested.

[0123] In some embodiments, multiple ECG signals from the body surface of the subject can be received through multiple electrode inputs. In one specific embodiment, the multiple ECG signals may include three ECG signals from the RA electrode, LA electrode, and LL electrode.

[0124] S520: Generates reference potential based on multiple ECG signals.

[0125] In some embodiments, a reference potential can be generated based on the received multiple ECG signals by a reference potential generation unit. In this embodiment, the reference potential is used to provide a benchmark for subsequent differential processing. For a detailed description of the generation of the reference potential, please refer to the relevant description of the ECG and heart sound data acquisition system 100 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0126] S530: Based on the reference potential, perform differential processing on multiple ECG signals to obtain multiple ECG data.

[0127] In some embodiments, differential units can be used to perform differential operations between each ECG signal and a reference potential to obtain differential output signals, i.e., multi-channel ECG data. This allows for effective suppression of common-mode interference and improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the ECG data through differential processing.

[0128] In some embodiments, the step of synchronously acquiring multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data may further include: inverting and amplifying the error signal between the reference potential and the preset reference voltage and applying it to the object under test.

[0129] In this embodiment, the error between the reference potential and the preset reference voltage can be amplified by the driving unit, and the amplified signal can be applied to the surface of the subject. By way of explanation and not limitation, this active feedback mechanism can further suppress common-mode interference, thereby improving the quality of ECG signal acquisition.

[0130] In other embodiments, reference is made to... Figure 6 The step of synchronously acquiring multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data may include the following steps S610, S620, S630, S640, S650 and S660.

[0131] S610: Receives multiple ECG signals from the subject being tested.

[0132] In some embodiments, multiple ECG signals from the body surface of the subject can be received through multiple electrode inputs. In one specific embodiment, the multiple ECG signals may include three ECG signals from the RA electrode, LA electrode, and LL electrode.

[0133] S620: Amplifies multiple ECG signals separately to obtain the first-stage amplified signal.

[0134] In some embodiments, each ECG signal can be amplified separately using a first-stage amplifier circuit to obtain a first-stage amplified signal. For details on the specific implementation of the first-stage amplifier circuit in this embodiment, please refer to the preceding description of the first-stage amplifier circuit 320; it will not be repeated here.

[0135] S630: Generates WCT reference potential based on the first-stage amplified signal.

[0136] In some embodiments, a WCT reference potential can be generated based on the first-stage amplified signal by a WCT reference potential generation unit. In some embodiments, the WCT reference potential can be obtained by averaging the first-stage amplified signals. For details regarding the specific implementation of the WCT reference potential generation unit in this embodiment, please refer to the preceding description of the reference potential generation unit 340, which will not be repeated here.

[0137] S640: Performs high-pass filtering on the first-stage amplified signal to obtain the filtered first-stage amplified signal.

[0138] In some embodiments, the first-stage amplified signal can be high-pass filtered to remove DC bias and low-frequency baseline drift. For details on the specific implementation of the high-pass filter in this embodiment, please refer to the preceding description of the high-pass filter 330; it will not be repeated here.

[0139] S650: Using the WCT reference potential as a reference, differential amplification is performed on the filtered first-stage amplified signal to obtain the second-stage amplified signal.

[0140] In some embodiments, the filtered first-stage amplified signal and the WCT reference potential can be differentially amplified by a second-stage amplification circuit to obtain a second-stage amplified signal. For details on the specific implementation of the second-stage amplification circuit in this embodiment, please refer to the preceding description of the second-stage amplification circuit 350; it will not be repeated here.

[0141] S660: Performs low-pass filtering on the second-stage amplified signal to obtain multiple ECG data.

[0142] In some embodiments, high-frequency noise can be removed from the second-stage amplified signal using a low-pass filter to obtain the final multi-channel ECG data. For details on the specific implementation of the low-pass filter in this embodiment, please refer to the preceding description of the low-pass filter 360; it will not be repeated here.

[0143] S420: Acquire the heart sound signal of the subject at the second sampling frequency to obtain heart sound data.

[0144] In some embodiments, the heart sound acquisition module 120 can acquire and convert the heart sound signal of the tested object at a second sampling frequency to obtain digitized heart sound data. In this embodiment, the second sampling frequency is N times the first sampling frequency, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. In a specific example, the first sampling frequency is 1000Hz, N is 8, and the second sampling frequency is 8000Hz. It is understood that steps S410 and S420 of the present invention can be executed simultaneously, that is, the acquisition of electrocardiogram signals and the acquisition of heart sound signals can be performed in parallel.

[0145] S430: Generates a trigger signal according to a preset timing period.

[0146] In some embodiments, a trigger signal can be generated by a timing control module according to a preset timing period. In some embodiments, the trigger frequency of the trigger signal can be matched with the first sampling frequency.

[0147] In this embodiment, the description of the matching of the trigger frequency of the trigger signal with the first sampling frequency can be found in the previous description of the timing control module 130, and will not be repeated here.

[0148] S440: In response to a trigger signal, reads ECG data and heart sound data, and combines the ECG data and heart sound data into a synchronization data packet.

[0149] In some embodiments, the data synchronization module 140 can read data from the ECG acquisition module 110 and the heart sound acquisition module 120 in response to a trigger signal, and combine the read data into a synchronization data packet.

[0150] In some embodiments, such as in step S440 above, the time range of the heart sound data and the electrocardiogram data read each time is the same. As an explanation, since the time range of the electrocardiogram data and the heart sound data read each time is the same, and the second sampling frequency is N times the first sampling frequency, the number of heart sound data points read each time is N times the number of electrocardiogram data points, thereby achieving precise alignment of the two types of data on the time axis.

[0151] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for acquiring electrocardiogram and heart sound data may further include the step of sending a synchronization data packet to a receiving device. In this embodiment, the synchronization data packet may be sent to an external receiving device via a transmission module.

[0152] The steps, sub-steps, and features of the ECG and heart sound data acquisition method described in the embodiments of this application can be combined in a non-contradictory manner with the ECG and heart sound data acquisition system and ECG data acquisition circuit of the embodiments of this application to obtain new embodiments. Conversely, the components, modules, units, or features of the ECG and heart sound data acquisition system and ECG data acquisition circuit described in the embodiments of this application can also be combined in a non-contradictory manner with the ECG and heart sound data acquisition method of the embodiments of this application to obtain new embodiments.

[0153] The steps and sub-steps described in the embodiments of this application can be executed independently or separately, or they can be combined or merged without contradiction. Furthermore, the order of steps in the embodiments of this application is not absolutely limited; the execution order of some steps can be adjusted or they can be executed in parallel according to actual needs, provided that the technical solution is not affected.

[0154] The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system, method, and circuit provided in this invention achieve precise synchronous acquisition of ECG and heart sound signals at the hardware level by setting the heart sound sampling frequency to an integer multiple of the ECG sampling frequency and employing a timed triggering mechanism to simultaneously read both types of data within the same time range. Furthermore, the ECG and heart sound data acquisition system and method provided in this invention can meet the application requirements for real-time comprehensive analysis based on the temporal characteristics of ECG and heart sound signals, such as assessing cardiac function based on the temporal relationship between the ECG QRS wave and heart sound S1, and the temporal relationship between the ECG T wave and heart sound S2. The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system and method provided in this invention are suitable for remote monitoring and health management scenarios such as mobile medical devices and wearable health monitoring devices.

[0155] In this embodiment of the invention, the data synchronization problem is also solved at the hardware level by using integer multiples of the sampling frequency and a timed triggering mechanism, thereby simplifying the system architecture and reducing software complexity and processing latency.

[0156] In this embodiment of the invention, a timed triggering mechanism is also used to periodically trigger data reading and packet assembly operations, thereby ensuring the real-time nature of data acquisition and transmission, reducing the risk of data loss, and making it suitable for application scenarios that require continuous monitoring.

[0157] In a further embodiment of the present invention, a reference potential is generated based on multiple ECG signals and differential processing is performed, thereby effectively suppressing common-mode interference and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of ECG data.

[0158] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the error signal between the reference potential and the preset reference voltage is amplified by the driving unit and applied to the object under test, thereby forming an active feedback mechanism, which can further suppress common-mode interference and improve the quality and stability of ECG data.

[0159] In some embodiments of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, which includes a processor and a memory storing a computer program, the processor being configured to implement the method of any embodiment of the present invention when running the computer program.

[0160] Figure 7 A schematic diagram is shown of a method or electronic device 700 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments, the number of electronic devices may be more or less than the number shown. In some embodiments, it can be implemented using a single or multiple electronic devices. It can also be implemented using cloud or distributed electronic devices in some embodiments.

[0161] like Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 700 includes a processor 701 and a memory 702. The processor executes programs stored in the memory, which, when executed by a computer, can implement the methods, steps, or functions described in the above embodiments. The processor 701 may include various types of processors, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural network processor (NPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), etc. The processor 701 and the memory 702 are interconnected via a bus 703. Input / output (I / O) interfaces may also be connected to the bus 703. The systems, devices, modules, or units illustrated in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer or its associated components.

[0162] Although not shown, in this embodiment of the invention, a program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any embodiment of the invention.

[0163] Although not shown, in an embodiment of the invention, a storage medium is provided storing a computer program configured to be run to implement the method of any embodiment of the invention.

[0164] Storage media in embodiments of the present invention include articles that are permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable, capable of storing information by any method or technology. Examples of storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transfer medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device.

[0165] The methods, programs, systems, apparatuses, etc., in embodiments of the present invention can be executed or implemented in one or more networked computers, or practiced in a distributed computing environment. In the embodiments of this specification, in these distributed computing environments, tasks can be performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network.

[0166] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described in this specification can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, those skilled in the art will realize that the functional modules / units or controllers and related method steps described in the above embodiments can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of both.

[0167] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, the actions or steps of the methods and procedures described in the embodiments of the present invention do not necessarily have to be performed in a specific order and can still achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0168] This document describes several embodiments of the present invention; however, for the sake of brevity, the descriptions of the embodiments are not exhaustive, and identical or similar features or parts between the embodiments may be omitted. In this document, "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" refers to embodiments applicable to at least one, but not all, of the present invention. The above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described herein, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples.

[0169] The exemplary systems and methods of the present invention have been specifically shown and described with reference to the above embodiments, which are merely examples of the best mode for implementing the systems and methods. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes can be made to the embodiments of the systems and methods described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims when implementing the systems and / or methods.

Claims

1. A system for acquiring electrocardiogram and heart sound data, characterized in that, include: The electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition module is configured to acquire the ECG signal of the subject at a first sampling frequency to obtain ECG data. The heart sound acquisition module is configured to acquire the heart sound signal of the subject at a second sampling frequency to obtain heart sound data, wherein the second sampling frequency is N times the first sampling frequency, and N is a positive integer greater than 1. The timing control module is configured to generate trigger signals according to a preset timing period. The data synchronization module is configured to read electrocardiogram (ECG) data and heart sound data in response to the trigger signal, and combine the ECG data and heart sound data into a synchronization data packet, wherein the time range of the heart sound data and ECG data read each time is the same.

2. The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ECG acquisition module is configured to synchronously acquire multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data.

3. The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition module includes: Multiple electrode input terminals are used to receive the multiple electrocardiogram signals from the subject being tested; The reference potential generation unit is configured to generate a reference potential based on the multiple ECG signals. The differential unit is configured to perform differential processing on the multiple ECG signals based on the reference potential to obtain the multiple ECG data.

4. The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ECG acquisition module also includes a first-stage amplifier circuit, a high-pass filter, a second-stage amplifier circuit, and a low-pass filter; The first-stage amplifier circuit is configured to amplify the multiple ECG signals respectively to obtain the first-stage amplified signal; The reference potential generation unit is a WCT reference potential generation unit, configured to generate a WCT reference potential based on the first-stage amplified signal; The high-pass filter is configured to perform high-pass filtering on the first-stage amplified signal to obtain the filtered first-stage amplified signal. The second-stage amplifier circuit is configured to perform differential amplification on the filtered first-stage amplified signal using the WCT reference potential as a reference, to obtain the second-stage amplified signal. The low-pass filter is configured to perform low-pass filtering on the second-stage amplified signal to obtain multiple ECG data outputs.

5. The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electrocardiogram acquisition module also includes: The driving unit is configured to invert and amplify the error signal between the reference potential and the preset reference voltage and apply it to the object under test.

6. The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trigger frequency of the trigger signal is matched with the first sampling frequency.

7. The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The transmission module is configured to send the synchronization data packet to the receiving device.

8. The ECG and heart sound data acquisition system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The synchronization data packet includes: Frame sequence number, used to identify the time sequence position of the synchronization data packet; and Channel identifier, used to identify the channel information of the electrocardiogram data and the heart sound data.

9. A method for acquiring electrocardiogram and heart sound data, characterized in that, include: The electrocardiogram (ECG) signal of the subject is acquired at the first sampling frequency to obtain ECG data; The heart sound signal of the subject is acquired at a second sampling frequency to obtain heart sound data, wherein the second sampling frequency is N times the first sampling frequency, and N is a positive integer greater than 1; A trigger signal is generated according to a preset timing period; In response to the trigger signal, ECG data and heart sound data are read, and the ECG data and heart sound data are combined into a synchronization data packet, wherein the time range of the heart sound data and ECG data read each time is the same.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The acquisition of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain ECG data includes: Multiple ECG signals are simultaneously acquired at the first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The method of synchronously acquiring multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data includes: Receives multiple ECG signals from the subject being tested; A reference potential is generated based on the aforementioned multi-channel ECG signals; Based on the reference potential, the multiple ECG signals are differentially processed to obtain the multiple ECG data.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The method of synchronously acquiring multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data includes: Receives multiple ECG signals from the subject being tested; The multiple ECG signals are amplified to obtain the first-stage amplified signal; A WCT reference potential is generated based on the first-stage amplified signal; The first-stage amplified signal is subjected to high-pass filtering to obtain the filtered first-stage amplified signal. Using the WCT reference potential as a reference, the filtered first-stage amplified signal is differentially amplified to obtain the second-stage amplified signal; The second-stage amplified signal is subjected to low-pass filtering to obtain the multi-channel ECG data.

13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The method of synchronously acquiring multiple ECG signals at a first sampling frequency to obtain multiple ECG data also includes: The error signal between the reference potential and the preset reference voltage is inverted and amplified, and then applied to the object under test.

14. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The trigger frequency of the trigger signal is matched with the first sampling frequency.

15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that, Also includes: The synchronization data packet is sent to the receiving device.

16. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A processor and a memory storing a computer program, the processor being configured to implement the method of any one of claims 9 to 15 when executing the computer program.

17. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The device contains a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 9 to 15.

18. An electrocardiogram (ECG) data acquisition circuit, characterized in that, include: Multiple electrode input terminals are used to receive multiple electrocardiogram signals from the subject. The reference potential generation unit is configured to generate a reference potential based on the multiple ECG signals. The differential unit is configured to perform differential processing on the multiple ECG signals based on the reference potential to obtain multiple ECG data.

19. The electrocardiogram data acquisition circuit according to claim 18, characterized in that, It also includes a first-stage amplifier circuit, a high-pass filter, a second-stage amplifier circuit, and a low-pass filter; The first-stage amplifier circuit is configured to amplify the multiple ECG signals respectively to obtain the first-stage amplified signal; The reference potential generation unit is a WCT reference potential generation unit, configured to generate a WCT reference potential based on the first-stage amplified signal; The high-pass filter is configured to perform high-pass filtering on the first-stage amplified signal to obtain the filtered first-stage amplified signal. The differential unit is configured to perform differential amplification on the filtered first-stage amplified signal with reference to the WCT reference potential to obtain the second-stage amplified signal; The low-pass filter is configured to perform low-pass filtering on the second-stage amplified signal to obtain multiple ECG data outputs.

20. The electrocardiogram data acquisition circuit according to claim 18, characterized in that, Also includes: The driving unit is configured to invert and amplify the error signal between the reference potential and the preset reference voltage and apply it to the object under test.

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