Pipe step-by-step punching process

Abstract

The invention discloses a pipe step-by-step punching process which comprises the steps of inserting a first core rod, placing a pipe and the first core rod on punching equipment, carrying out primary punching, replacing a second core rod, carrying out secondary punching and the like, and is characterized in that a strip-shaped hole area to be punched on the side wall of the pipe is divided into a primary punching area and a secondary punching area; the first core rod and the second core rod are used for completing step-by-step stamping with the first stamping module and the second stamping module respectively, complete strip-shaped holes in the side wall of the pipe are machined on the premise that the side wall of the pipe is not greatly deformed, and the machining cost and the operation difficulty of the strip-shaped holes in the pipe are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipe processing, and in particular to a step-by-step punching process for pipes. Background Technology

[0002] Tubes with perforated sidewalls are widely used in the industrial field. For example, in some automated equipment, tubes with multiple spaced through holes in the sidewalls can provide installation and positioning for corresponding structural components; another example is in the linear slide mechanism of furniture, tubes with strip-shaped holes in the sidewalls can provide lifting and sliding guidance for sliding components; these holes are mostly processed by laser cutting or stamping equipment.

[0003] Smaller square or round holes occupy a smaller area on the pipe, so the punch on the stamping equipment can easily punch the hole. After punching, the side of the pipe can also quickly spring back without significant deformation. However, for longer strip holes, the area they occupy along the length of the pipe is too large. If a single punch matching the strip hole is used for punching, the local stress on the pipe will be too high, causing significant deformation or even collapse of the pipe sidewall. This is especially true for thin-walled pipes, where the deformation and denting of the pipe sidewall will be greater, easily leading to pipe scrap and affecting normal use.

[0004] Therefore, these long strip holes are mostly processed by laser cutting to avoid large deformation of the pipe. However, the disadvantages of laser processing are that most of the laser cutting equipment occupies a large space, and the processing cost, maintenance cost, and professional requirements of the operators are relatively high. It is not suitable for processing holes in large quantities of pipes.

[0005] Based on the above problems, it is necessary to design a punching process that ensures the sidewall of the pipe does not deform during punching, so as to guarantee the punching quality of the pipe and reduce the cost and difficulty of opening the pipe. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a step-by-step punching process for pipes. By dividing the area of ​​the strip-shaped hole to be punched on the side wall of the pipe into a primary punching area and a secondary punching area, and using a first mandrel and a second mandrel to complete the step-by-step punching with the first stamping module and the second stamping module respectively, the complete strip-shaped hole on the side wall of the pipe can be processed without ensuring that the side wall of the pipe is not significantly deformed, thereby reducing the processing cost and operation difficulty of the strip-shaped hole on the pipe.

[0007] A step-by-step punching process for pipes includes the following steps: S1: Insert the first mandrel; Select a strip-shaped hole area on the side wall of the tube, and insert the first mandrel with multiple first concave holes into the inner cavity of the tube, so that the multiple first concave holes are surrounded by the strip-shaped hole area, thereby dividing the strip-shaped hole area into multiple primary punching areas corresponding to the positions of the first concave holes and multiple secondary punching areas offset from the positions of the first concave holes. S2: Place the first mandrel and the tube on a stamping device; the stamping device includes a base for supporting the tube and the first mandrel, a first stamping module and a second stamping module located above the base for punching, the first stamping module having first punches corresponding one-to-one with multiple primary punching areas, and the second stamping module having second punches corresponding one-to-one with multiple secondary punching areas; when the tube and the first mandrel are placed in place on the base, the multiple first punches on the first stamping module are aligned with the corresponding primary punching areas; S3: First punch; control the first punch module to descend, so that multiple first punches are inserted into the corresponding first concave holes and punch through multiple first punch areas of the pipe; S4: Replace with the second mandrel; pull the first mandrel out of the tube and insert the second mandrel with multiple second concave holes into the inner cavity of the tube, so that the multiple second concave holes are aligned with the corresponding secondary punching areas; S5: Secondary stamping; Align the multiple second punches on the second stamping module with the corresponding secondary punching areas, then control the second stamping module to descend, so that the multiple second punches are inserted into the corresponding second concave holes and punch through the multiple secondary punching areas of the pipe, thereby punching out a complete strip hole on the side wall of the pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the axial length of the first punch is greater than the axial length of the second punch, and correspondingly, the axial length of the primary punching area is greater than the axial length of the secondary punching area; so as to ensure that the sidewall of the pipe will not experience significant deformation or indentation during the secondary stamping process.

[0009] Preferably, the axial length of the second punch and the axial length of the second concave hole are both greater than the axial length of the secondary punching area; in step S5, the front and rear ends of the second punch extend beyond the front and rear ends of the secondary punching area respectively; to avoid leaving residual material on the side wall of the pipe.

[0010] Preferably, both the first and second core rods include an upper core and a lower core stacked on top of each other. The upper core has a lower bonding surface facing the lower core, and the lower core has an upper bonding surface facing the upper core, both of which are horizontal surfaces. After repeating steps S1-S5 multiple times and processing multiple tubes with strip-shaped holes, an uneven layer is formed on the upper surface of the upper core. The steps for eliminating the uneven layer are as follows: Polish the uneven layer on the upper surface of the upper core to reduce the longitudinal thickness of the first core or the second core to a predetermined thickness; A gasket matching the thickness of the uneven layer is filled between the upper and lower bonding surfaces, so that the first or second mandrel inserted into the tube and having a predetermined thickness is restored to its original longitudinal thickness; thus, it is not necessary to replace the entire first or second mandrel, thereby increasing the service life of the first and second mandrels and reducing the cost of tube punching.

[0011] Preferably, the longitudinal thickness of the upper core is greater than that of the lower core, so as to allow sufficient grinding allowance.

[0012] Preferably, both the first and second stamping modules include a vertically movable lifting seat. A self-positioning component is provided between the lifting seat and the base. In steps S1 and S4, both the first and second mandrels have positioning sections exposed outside the end of the tube. The self-positioning component includes positioning members symmetrically arranged on the base and located on both sides of the positioning section, and a linkage member correspondingly arranged on the lifting seat. The positioning member includes a horizontal clamping part that can slide left and right on the base, and a longitudinal pressing part fixedly connected to the inner side of the horizontal clamping part. The lower end of the longitudinal pressing part is flush with the upper end of the positioning section. The positioning member and / or the linkage member are provided with a linkage inclined surface. In steps S3 and S5, the positioning member and the linkage member are pressed together by the linkage inclined surface, and the two positioning members move closer to each other, so that the two horizontal clamping parts abut against the left and right ends of the positioning section respectively, while the two longitudinal pressing parts press against the upper end of the positioning section. When the tube is punched, the first or second mandrel can be positioned on the base without moving, without the need for manual positioning by the operator.

[0013] Preferably, the system also includes an elastic element acting on the positioning element. In steps S3 and S5, the elastic element undergoes elastic deformation. After step S3 or S5 is completed, the first stamping module or the second stamping module rises, causing the linkage to separate from the positioning element. At this time, the elastic element resets and drives the positioning element back to its initial position, releasing the lateral and longitudinal positioning of the positioning segment.

[0014] Preferably, the base is provided with symmetrical supports located outside the positioning member. The supports are provided with guide holes that pass through from left to right. A support rod is slidably connected to the outside of the positioning member and is connected to the guide hole. The outer end of the support rod passes out of the support and is connected to a limit cap. The elastic element is a compression spring that is sleeved on the support rod and is located between the limit cap and the support.

[0015] Preferably, the stamping section has a scraping section connected to the punch body and a cutting section connected to the lower end of the scraping section with smooth sidewalls, wherein the scraping surface is provided on the sidewall of the scraping section; in steps S3 and S5, the smooth cutting end first enters the first or second concave hole and punches through the primary or secondary punching area of ​​the pipe, and then the scraping section scrapes the burrs on the hole wall of the pipe for the first time; when the first or second punch leaves the first or second concave hole, the scraping section scrapes the hole wall of the pipe for the second time.

[0016] Preferably, the stamping equipment includes two bases corresponding to the positions of the first stamping module and the second stamping module, respectively. After completing step S4, the second mandrel and the tube are moved to the base corresponding to the second stamping module, and then step S5 is performed; or, the stamping equipment includes a frame and a single base, with both the first stamping module and the second stamping module slidably connected to the frame; after completing step S3, the first stamping module is slid and offset from the base, and after completing step S4, the second stamping module is slid and aligned with the base, and then step S5 is performed.

[0017] Preferably, either the first punch or the second punch includes a punch body and a stamping part connected to the lower end of the punch body. A flattened end face is formed at the junction of the stamping part and the punch body. The side wall of the stamping part is a scraping surface with several scraping protrusions. In steps S3 and S5, the stamping part enters the first or second concave hole, and the flattened end face flattens the burrs on the outer wall of the pipe. After completing steps S3 and S5, the scraping surface flattens the burrs on the inner wall of the first or second concave hole to ensure that the side wall of the pipe and the strip hole punched on the pipe have good flatness.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention, which adopts the above technical solution, are as follows: This invention divides a long strip hole into a primary punching area and a secondary punching area, and performs primary and secondary punching by inserting corresponding first and second mandrels into the pipe, thereby processing the strip hole on the pipe. Compared with single-punching of strip holes, the step-by-step punching of this invention significantly reduces the punching area during single punching, and improves the situation of pipe sidewall deformation and dents caused by excessive stress during punching. This step-by-step punching process has low cost, high punching efficiency, and is more suitable for pipes that need to be punched in batches.

[0019] During the first stamping, there is no cavity on the sidewall of the pipe, and it is not easy to deform during punching. Therefore, the present invention sets the length of the first punch to be greater than the stamping length of the second punch. Under the premise of ensuring that the deformation of the pipe is small, the first stamping can punch through most of the area of ​​the strip hole as much as possible, leaving the secondary punching area that has not been punched through. The stamping length during the secondary stamping is reduced. Therefore, during the secondary stamping, the stamping area of ​​the second punch on the pipe is smaller, making it easy to punch through the secondary punching area while the pipe will not produce large dents and deformations. This "difficult first, easy later" stamping method can largely ensure that the sidewall of the pipe will not produce large deformations and dents during punching.

[0020] The length of the second punch is greater than the length of the secondary punching area, so that the second punch can completely cover the secondary punching area during punching. Even if there is a slight offset between the position of the second punch and the secondary punching area, it can ensure that the secondary punching area is completely punched through, avoiding any residual material on the pipe.

[0021] After multiple tubes are punched, the upper openings of the first concave hole of the first mandrel and the second concave hole of the second mandrel will have burrs and other defects due to their interaction with the corresponding first and second punches. This makes it difficult for the upper surfaces of the first and second mandrels to fit against the inner wall of the tube. Grinding the burrs will reduce the longitudinal thickness of the first and second mandrels. Therefore, the first and second mandrels in this invention both include an upper core and a lower core that are stacked on top of each other. The lower surface of the upper core and the upper surface of the lower core are both horizontal. A shim of a predetermined thickness can be filled between the two cores to maintain the original thickness of the first and second mandrels. This eliminates the need to replace the entire first or second mandrel, saving replacement time and reducing the cost of tube punching.

[0022] A self-positioning component is provided between the first stamping module and the second stamping module. When the first stamping module or the second stamping module descends, the linkage component can work with the positioning component to position the exposed positioning section of the first mandrel or the second mandrel in the horizontal and vertical directions, preventing the first mandrel or the second mandrel from moving. The operator does not need to perform the positioning operation manually, which reduces the time lost due to positioning and improves the convenience of positioning and the efficiency of punching pipes. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pipe punching device; Figure 2 This is a front and rear sectional view of the punch location; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing how each first punch punches through the stamping zone during a single stamping operation. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing how each second punch punches through the secondary stamping zone during the secondary stamping process. Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the stamping process and the formation of strip-shaped holes on the sidewall of the tube; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view showing the linkage and positioning components separated when the first stamping module has not moved down. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view showing the two positioning parts moving closer together as the first stamping module moves downward. Figure 8 The top view and cross-sectional view are of the first mandrel mating with the tube after a single stamping process. Figure 9 Top view and sectional view after the second mandrel is inserted into the tube; Figure 10 The top view and sectional view of the second mandrel and tube after the second stamping process are completed; Figure 11 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view showing the mating of the first mandrel with the tube during a single stamping process, and the mating of the second mandrel with the tube at the beginning and end of a second stamping process. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the mandrel structure; Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing the flow of tubing between two bases when the stamping equipment has two bases; Figure 14 A schematic diagram showing the movement of the first and second stamping modules to perform punching when the stamping equipment has a single base; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first punch or the second punch; Figure 16 This is a flowchart of the method steps of the present invention; The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: 1-lifting seat, 1a-first stamping module, 1s-second stamping module, 11-pressure plate, 12-elastic component, 13-first punch, 13a-second punch, 131-stamping part, 131a-punching section, 131b-scraping surface, 132-flattened end face, 2-base, 21-support seat, 22-stop post, 3-sliding connecting seat, 31-positioning component, 311-longitudinal pressing part, 312-linkage inclined surface, 3 13-Horizontal clamping part, 32-Linkage part, 322-Allowing groove, 33-Elastic part, 34-Support, 341-Support rod, 342-Limit cap, 35-Guide post, 4-First core rod, 4a-Second core rod, 41-Upper core part, 42-Lower core part, 43-Filling space, 44-Guide hole, 45-First concave hole, 45a-Second concave hole, 5-Tube, 51-Strip hole, 51a-Primary punching area, 51b-Secondary punching area. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0025] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] The specific implementation of this invention is as follows: Example 1: As Figure 1-15As shown, this embodiment provides a step-by-step punching process for pipes, including the following steps: S1: Insert the first mandrel 4; Select a strip-shaped hole area on the side wall of the tube 5, and insert the first mandrel 4 with multiple first recesses 45 into the inner cavity of the tube 5, so that the multiple first recesses 45 are surrounded by the strip-shaped hole area, thereby dividing the strip-shaped hole area into multiple primary punching areas 51a corresponding to the positions of the first recesses 45 and multiple secondary punching areas 51b offset from the positions of the first recesses 45; The first mandrel 4 is usually a metal part, which can support the tube 5 and prevent the tube side wall around the primary punching area 51a from undergoing large-scale deformation or denting during punching. S2: Place the first mandrel 4 and the tube 5 on a stamping device; the stamping device includes a base 2 for supporting the tube 5 and the first mandrel 4, a first stamping module 1a and a second stamping module 1s located above the base 2 for punching, wherein the base 2 includes a body and a support seat 21 disposed on the upper end of the body, and the mandrel 4 and the tube 5 can be placed on the top of the support seat 21; both the first stamping module 1a and the second stamping module 1s include a lifting seat 1 that can move up and down, wherein the lifting seat 1 is disposed on a frame, and a drive component with a cylinder-like structure is installed on the frame to drive... The component is connected to the lifting base 1 to drive the entire first stamping module 1a or the second stamping module 1s to descend or rise; the first stamping module 1a has a first punch 13 corresponding to a plurality of primary punching areas 51a, and the second stamping module 1s has a second punch 13a corresponding to a plurality of secondary punching areas 51b; when the tube 5 and the first mandrel 4 are placed in place on the base 2, the plurality of first punches 13 on the first stamping module 1a are aligned with the corresponding primary punching areas 51a; the lateral width of the first punch 13 is approximately the same as the lateral width of the first concave hole 45; S3: Single stamping; such as Figure 3 , Figure 8 As shown, the first punching module 1a is controlled to descend, causing multiple first punches 13 to insert into the corresponding first recesses 45 and punch through multiple primary punching areas 51a of the tube 5, thereby forming multiple through holes spaced along the tube axis on the side wall of the tube; the outer contour of the first punch 13 roughly matches the contour of the first recess 45 to ensure the accuracy of punching; when the first punch 13 punches through the primary punching area 51a, it will continue to descend and punch the punched scrap plate into the first recess 45; S4: Replace with the second mandrel 4a; pull the first mandrel 4 out of the tube 5, and insert the second mandrel 4a, which has multiple second concave holes 45a, into the inner cavity of the tube 5, as shown. Figure 4 , Figure 9As shown, multiple second recesses 45a are aligned with the corresponding secondary punching area 51b; the lateral width of the second punch 13a is approximately the same as the lateral width of the second recesses 45a; the second mandrel 4a is also usually a metal part, which can support the tube 5 and prevent the tube sidewall around the secondary punching area 51a from undergoing large-scale deformation or denting during punching. S5: Secondary stamping; such as Figure 5 , Figure 10 As shown, the second punches 13a on the second stamping module 1s are aligned with the corresponding secondary punching areas 51b, and then the second stamping module 1s is controlled to descend, so that the second punches 13a are inserted into the corresponding second concave holes 45a and punch through the multiple secondary punching areas 51b of the tube 5, thereby punching out complete strip holes 51 on the side wall of the tube 5; the outer contour of the second punches 13a is also roughly matched with the contour of the second concave holes 45a to ensure the accuracy of punching; when the second punches 13a punch through the secondary punching areas 51b, they will continue to descend and punch the punched scrap plate into the second concave holes 45a.

[0027] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the axial length of the first punch 13 is preferably greater than the axial length of the second punch 13a. Correspondingly, the axial length of the primary punching area 51a is also preferably greater than the axial length of the secondary punching area 51b. This is because there is no cavity on the side wall of the pipe 5 during the primary punching, and it is not easy to deform during punching. Therefore, in this embodiment, the punching length of the first punch 13 is designed to be as long as possible. Under the premise of ensuring that the deformation of the pipe is small, the primary punching area (i.e., the long primary punching area 51a) is punched through as much as possible during the primary punching, leaving the secondary punching area 51b that has not been punched through. During the secondary punching, the punching area of ​​the second punch 13a on the pipe is smaller, so that the secondary punching area 51b is easily punched through, and the pipe 5 will not produce large dents and deformations.

[0028] Furthermore, theoretically, the axial length of the second punch 13a and the axial length of the second concave hole 45a can be the same. However, in order to ensure the punching quality, in this embodiment, the axial length of the second punch 13a and the axial length of the second concave hole 45a are preferably greater than the axial length of the secondary punching area 51b. Thus, in step S5, the front and rear ends of the second punch 13a extend beyond the front and rear ends of the secondary punching area 51b, so that the second punch 13a completely covers the secondary punching area 51b in the axial direction, avoiding residual material on the side wall of the pipe 5 after the secondary punching is completed.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 12As shown, both the first core rod 4 and the second core rod 4a include an upper core portion 41 and a lower core portion 42 stacked on top of each other. The first concave hole 45 and the second concave hole 45a can be provided only on the upper surface of the upper core portion 41a, or the upper core portion 41 and the lower core portion 42 can be connected simultaneously. The upper core portion 41 has a lower bonding surface facing the lower core portion 42, and the lower core portion 42 has an upper bonding surface facing the upper core portion 41, both of which are horizontal surfaces. A filling space 43 is formed between the two horizontal surfaces. The upper and lower bonding surfaces can be machined by milling. After repeating steps S1-S5 multiple times and machining multiple tubes 5 with strip holes, the upper surface of the upper core portion 41 forms The uneven layer is mainly caused by frequent contact between the first punch 13 and the first concave hole 45, and frequent contact between the second punch 13a and the second concave hole 45a, resulting in flanged edges and burrs on the upper surfaces of the first core rod 4 and the second core rod 4a. Previously, the method for dealing with the uneven layer was to completely replace the entire first core rod 4 or second core rod 4a. However, this method results in a short service life, high cost, and a large waste rate for the first core rod 4 or second core rod 4a. Therefore, this invention uses a method of grinding the uneven layer and adding a shim while maintaining the original longitudinal thickness of the first core rod 4 or second core rod 4a. Specifically, the steps for eliminating the uneven layer are as follows: The uneven layer on the upper surface of the upper core 41 is polished to reduce the longitudinal thickness of the first core 4 or the second core 4a to a predetermined thickness; at this time, the upper surface of the upper core 41 is smooth and flat again. A gasket matching the thickness of the uneven layer is filled between the upper and lower bonding surfaces, that is, in the filling space 43, so that the first core rod 4 or the second core rod 4a with a predetermined thickness inserted into the tube 5 is restored to its original thickness; thus, it is not necessary to replace the entire first core rod 4 or the second core rod 4a, thereby increasing the service life of the first core rod 4 and the second core rod 4a and reducing the cost of tube punching.

[0030] Furthermore, if the first mandrel 4 and the second mandrel 4a are integral structures, it is not advisable to fill a shim between the inner wall of the tube 5 and the lower surface of the first mandrel 4 or the second mandrel 4a after the uneven layer appears. This is because the inner wall of the tube 5 is not a smooth plane in reality. Filling in the shim will only make the levelness of the first mandrel 4 or the second mandrel 4a worse, making it difficult for the first punch 13 and the second punch 13a to align with the corresponding first concave hole 45 or the second concave hole 45a, thus affecting the smooth progress of the entire punching process.

[0031] Furthermore, the longitudinal thickness of the upper core 41 can be the same as that of the lower core 42. However, considering the actual working conditions, in this embodiment, the longitudinal thickness of the upper core 41 is preferably greater than that of the lower core 42, and the ratio of the longitudinal thickness of the upper core 41 to the longitudinal thickness of the lower core 42 is between 1:1 and 5:1, so that the upper core 41 has sufficient grinding allowance.

[0032] Furthermore, to improve the positioning efficiency and convenience of the first mandrel 4 and the second mandrel 4a during the punching process, a self-positioning component is provided between the lifting seat 1 and the base 2. In steps S1 and S4, both the first mandrel 4 and the second mandrel 4a have positioning sections exposed outside the ends of the tube 5. In this embodiment, both ends of the first mandrel 4 and the second mandrel 4a are exposed and form two positioning sections at both ends of the tube 5. In this embodiment, only the self-positioning component on one of the positioning sections is illustrated. The self-positioning component includes positioning members 31 symmetrically arranged on the base 2 and located on both sides of the positioning section, and linkage members 32 correspondingly arranged on the lifting seat 1. The positioning members 31 include horizontal components that can slide left and right on the base 2. The clamping part 313 and the longitudinal pressing part 311 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the horizontal clamping part 313. The lower end of the longitudinal pressing part 311 is flush with the upper end of the positioning section. Specifically, the horizontal clamping part 313 and the longitudinal pressing part 311 constitute an L-shaped positioning member 31. The base 2 also includes a sliding connecting seat 3 symmetrically arranged on the base body. The sliding connecting seat 3 is provided with a sliding groove that extends to the left and right and has a T-shaped cross section. The matching horizontal clamping part 313 of each positioning member 3 is slidably connected in the sliding groove. The positioning member 31 and / or the linkage member 32 are provided with a linkage inclined surface 312. In this embodiment, the structure shown is that the linkage inclined surface 312 is provided on the positioning member 31 and the linkage member 32. Figure 7 As shown, in steps S3 and S5, the positioning member 31 and the linkage member 32 are pressed together by the linkage inclined surface 312, and the two positioning members 31 are moved closer to each other, so that the two horizontal clamping parts 313 respectively abut against the left and right ends of the positioning section, while the two longitudinal pressing parts 311 press against the upper end of the positioning section; so that when the pipe is punched, the first mandrel 4 or the second mandrel 4a can be positioned on the base 2 without moving, without the need for the operator to perform a positioning operation manually.

[0033] Furthermore, to facilitate the removal of pipe 5 or the replacement of the second mandrel 4a, the self-positioning assembly also includes an elastic element 33 acting on the positioning element 31, such as... Figure 7 As shown, in steps S3 and S5, the elastic element 33 undergoes elastic deformation; after completing step S3 or S5, as... Figure 6 As shown, the first stamping module 1a or the second stamping module 1s rises, causing the linkage 32 to separate from the positioning component 31. At this time, the elastic component 33 resets and drives the positioning component 31 back to its initial position, releasing the lateral and longitudinal positioning of the positioning segment, thereby achieving the effect of automatic positioning and automatic release of positioning of the positioning segment.

[0034] Furthermore, after the two horizontal clamping parts 313 and the two longitudinal pressing parts 311 respectively form lateral and longitudinal positioning of the positioning section of the mandrel 4, the two linkage parts 32 separate from the linkage inclined surface 312 and are respectively located outside the two horizontal clamping parts 313, so as to restrict the two positioning parts 31 from moving away from each other; to prevent the two positioning parts 31 from accidentally releasing the positioning of the positioning section when the punch 13 punches a hole in the tube 5, thus ensuring the positioning effect and punching quality.

[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment, both the first mandrel 4 and the second mandrel 4a are provided with guide holes 44 on their positioning sections, and the lifting seat 1 is provided with corresponding guide posts 35. When the lifting seat 1 descends, the guide posts 35 are inserted into the guide holes 44, which can not only align the multiple recesses 45 on the mandrel 4 with the positions of the punch 13, but also restrict the mandrel 4 from moving in the front-back direction, so that the mandrel 4 and the tube 5 are positioned in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and keep the mandrel 4 and the tube 5 stable.

[0036] Furthermore, the elastic element 33 can be a tension spring disposed between the base 2 and the positioning element 31, or it can be the structure shown in the figure in this embodiment: the base 2 is symmetrically provided with supports 34 located outside the positioning element 31, the supports 34 are provided with guide holes that pass through from left to right, the outer side of the positioning element 31 is connected to a support rod 341 that is slidably connected in the guide hole, the outer end of the support rod 341 passes out of the support 34 and is connected to a limit cap 342; for easy installation, in this embodiment the support rod 341 and the limit cap 342 form a bolt threadedly connected to the positioning element 31; the threaded part of the bolt is disposed on the support rod 341; the elastic element 33 is a compression spring sleeved on the support rod 341 and located between the limit cap 342 and the support 34; the compression spring can be a spiral compression spring as shown in the figure in this embodiment, or it can be multiple disc springs sleeved on the support rod 341 in parallel; when the linkage 32 squeezes the positioning element 31 through the linkage inclined surface 312, the horizontal clamping part 313 slides and causes the elastic element 33 to elastically deform; such as Figure 6 As shown, when the punch 13 completes the punching on the pipe 5, the linkage 32 separates from the positioning member 31. At this time, the elastic member 33 resets and drives the positioning member 31 to slide in the opposite direction to the initial position, and releases the lateral and longitudinal positioning of the positioning section so as to remove the punched pipe 5.

[0037] Furthermore, when the linkage 32 is close to the positioning member 31, it is easy to collide with the support rod 341. Therefore, in this embodiment, the linkage 32 is provided with an open lower end and a relief groove 322 corresponding to the support rod 341. In steps S3 and S5, when the lifting seat 1 moves down, the relief groove 322 avoids the support rod 341 to avoid interference between the linkage 32 and the support rod 341, making the self-positioning component structure more compact.

[0038] Furthermore, the stamping equipment in this embodiment has two structures to correspond to two different tube punching processing modes, such as... Figure 13 As shown, one of the structures includes two bases 2 corresponding to the positions of the first stamping module 1a and the second stamping module 1s, respectively. After completing step S4, the second mandrel 4a and the tube 5 are moved to the base 2 corresponding to the second stamping module 1s, and then step S5 is performed. That is, multiple tubes 5 are first transferred to the first stamping module 1a to complete one stamping, and then the multiple tubes 5 that have completed one stamping are transported to the second stamping module 1s for a second stamping process. This structure is suitable for working conditions where there is sufficient working space and a large number of tubes are punched.

[0039] like Figure 14 As shown, another type of stamping equipment includes a frame and a single base 2. The first stamping module 1a and the second stamping module 1s are both slidably connected to the frame. After completing step S3, the first stamping module 1a is slid and offset from the base 2. After completing step S4, the second stamping module 1s is slid and aligned with the position of the base 2, and then step S5 is performed. That is, multiple tubes 5 are punched once in sequence in the first stamping module 1a. Then, the first stamping module 1a is driven away from the position of the base 2 by the drive mechanism (not shown) on the frame, and the second stamping module 1s is driven to move above the base 1 for a second punching. This structure is suitable for punching processes of tubes with small workspaces, few operators, and a small number of tubes.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 15 As shown, after punching the sidewall of the pipe 5 once or twice, small burrs will be generated on the inner wall of the punched through hole and the sidewall of the pipe 5. In order to remove these burrs and make the sidewall and hole wall of the pipe 5 smoother, the first punch 13 or the second punch 13a in this embodiment includes a punch body and a punching part 131 connected to the lower end of the punch body. A flattened end face 132 is formed at the junction of the punching part 131 and the punch body. The sidewall surface of the punching part 131 is a scraper with several scraping protrusions. The shaving surface 131b can be produced by knurling or wire cutting. In steps S3 and S5, the stamping part 131 enters the first concave hole 45 or the second concave hole 45a, and the flattening end face 132 flattens the burrs on the outer wall of the pipe 5. After completing steps S3 and S5, the shaving surface 131b flattens the burrs on the inner wall of the first concave hole 45 or the inner wall of the second concave hole 45a to ensure that the side wall of the pipe 5 and the strip hole 5 punched on the pipe 5 have good flatness.

[0041] Furthermore, to avoid the scraping surface 131b generating significant punching resistance to the first punch 13 and the second punch 13a during punching, the punching part 131 in this embodiment has a scraping section connected to the punch body and a punching section 131a connected to the lower end of the scraping section with smooth sidewalls. The scraping surface 131b is provided on the sidewall of the scraping section. In steps S3 and S5, the smooth punching end 131a first enters the first concave hole 45 or the second concave hole 45a, punching through the primary punching area 51a or the secondary punching area 51b of the pipe 5. Then, the scraping section scrapes the burrs on the hole wall of the pipe 5 once. Afterward, when the first punch 13 or the second punch 13a leaves the first concave hole 45 or the second concave hole 45a, the scraping section scrapes the hole wall a second time to ensure that the burrs on the hole wall are cleaned.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, both the first stamping module 1a and the second stamping module 1s include a pressure plate 11 for pressing the tube 5. The pressure plate 11 has guide slots that correspond one-to-one with the positions of multiple first punches 13 or second punches 13a. The pressure plate 11 is connected to the lifting seat 1 by an elastic member 12. In this embodiment, there are multiple elastic members 12, which are arranged near the corner positions of the lifting seat 1 and the pressure plate 11. The elastic member 12 can be a compression spring as shown in this embodiment, or it can be an elastic block made of elastic material. When the lifting seat 1 descends and the pressure plate 11 contacts the tube 5, the lifting seat 1 continues to descend so that the punches 13 pass through the corresponding guide slots and stamp the tube 5. At this time, the elastic member 12 deforms and forms an elastic pressing force on the upper end of the tube 5. When the elastic member 12 deforms, it forms a downward pressing force on the pressure plate 11 and acts on the tube 5, so that the tube 5 remains stable during punching.

[0043] Furthermore, the base 2 is provided with baffles 22 located on the left and right sides of the pipe 5 for abutting against the pressure plate 11. Each of the left and right sides has multiple baffles 22 spaced apart along the length of the pipe 5. The upper end of the baffles 22 is flush with the upper surface of the pipe 5. When the pressure plate 11 contacts the pipe 5, it will also contact the baffles 22 on the left and right sides of the pipe 5. Therefore, the baffles 22 can share the pressing force of the pressure plate 11 on the pipe 5 and prevent the pressure plate 11 from applying excessive pressing force to the pipe 5, which would cause the pipe 5 to deform.

[0044] Furthermore, if, due to operational errors, the center position of the pressure plate 11 deviates from the center position of the pipe 5 when the lifting seat 1 descends, the pressure plate 11 is likely to deflect to the left or right after contacting the pipe 5, affecting the pressing effect of the pressure plate 11 on the pipe 5. At this time, multiple stop posts 22 on the left and right sides contact the pressure plate 11 simultaneously, which can limit the swaying tendency of the pressure plate 11, ensure that the pressure plate 5 is in a horizontal state, and allow the punching process to proceed smoothly.

[0045] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A step-by-step punching process for pipes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Insert the first mandrel (4); Select a strip hole area on the side wall of the tube (5) and insert the first mandrel (4) with multiple first recesses (45) into the inner cavity of the tube (5) so that the multiple first recesses (45) are surrounded by the strip hole area, thereby dividing the strip hole area into multiple primary punching areas (51a) corresponding to the position of the first recesses (45) and multiple secondary punching areas (51b) offset from the position of the first recesses (45). S2: Place the first mandrel (4) and the tube (5) on a stamping device; the stamping device includes a base (2) for supporting the tube (5) and the first mandrel (4), a first stamping module (1a) and a second stamping module (1s) located above the base (2) for punching, the first stamping module (1a) has a first punch (13) corresponding to a plurality of primary punching areas (51a), and the second stamping module (1s) has a second punch (13a) corresponding to a plurality of secondary punching areas (51b); when the tube (5) and the first mandrel (4) are placed in place on the base (2), the plurality of first punches (13) on the first stamping module (1a) are aligned with the corresponding primary punching areas (51a); S3: One-time stamping; control the first stamping module (1a) to descend, so that multiple first punches (13) are inserted into the corresponding first concave holes (45) and punch through multiple one-time punching areas (51a) of the tube (5); S4: Replace the second mandrel (4a); pull the first mandrel (4) out of the tube (5) and insert the second mandrel (4a) with multiple second concave holes (45a) into the inner cavity of the tube (5) so that the multiple second concave holes (45a) are aligned with the corresponding secondary punching area (51b); S5: Secondary stamping; Align the multiple second punches (13a) on the second stamping module (1s) with the corresponding secondary punching areas (51b), and then control the second stamping module (1s) to descend, so that the multiple second punches (13a) are inserted into the corresponding second concave holes (45a) and punch through the multiple secondary punching areas (51b) of the pipe (5), thereby punching out a complete strip hole (51) on the side wall of the pipe (5).

2. The step-by-step punching process for pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial length of the first punch (13) is greater than the axial length of the second punch (13a), and correspondingly, the axial length of the primary punching area (51a) is greater than the axial length of the secondary punching area (51b).

3. The step-by-step punching process for pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial length of the second punch (13a) and the axial length of the second concave hole (45a) are both greater than the axial length of the secondary punching area (51b); in step S5, the front and rear ends of the second punch (13a) extend beyond the front and rear ends of the secondary punching area (51b), respectively.

4. The step-by-step punching process for pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first core rod (4) and the second core rod (4a) both include an upper core part (41) and a lower core part (42) stacked on top of each other. The upper core part (41) has a lower bonding surface facing the lower core part (42), and the lower core part (42) has an upper bonding surface facing the upper core part (41), both of which are horizontal surfaces. After repeating steps S1-S5 multiple times and processing multiple tubes (5) with strip holes, an uneven layer is formed on the upper surface of the upper core part (41). The steps to eliminate the uneven layer are as follows: Polish the uneven layer on the upper surface of the upper core (41) to reduce the longitudinal thickness of the first core (4) or the second core (4a) to a predetermined thickness. A gasket matching the thickness of the uneven layer is filled between the upper and lower bonding surfaces, so that the first core rod (4) or the second core rod (4a) with a predetermined thickness inserted into the tube (5) is restored to its original longitudinal thickness.

5. The step-by-step punching process for pipes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The longitudinal thickness of the upper core (41) is greater than the longitudinal thickness of the lower core (42).

6. The step-by-step punching process for pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first stamping module (1a) and the second stamping module (1s) include a vertically movable lifting seat (1). A self-positioning component is provided between the lifting seat (1) and the base (2). In steps S1 and S4, both the first mandrel (4) and the second mandrel (4a) have positioning sections exposed outside the end of the tube (5). The self-positioning component includes positioning members (31) symmetrically arranged on the base (2) and located on both sides of the positioning section, and linkage members (32) correspondingly arranged on the lifting seat (1). The positioning member (31) includes a horizontal clamping part that can slide left and right on the base (2). 313) A longitudinal pressing part (311) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the horizontal clamping part (313), and the lower end of the longitudinal pressing part (311) is flush with the upper end of the positioning section; the positioning part (31) and / or the linkage part (32) are provided with a linkage inclined surface (312); in steps S3 and S5, the positioning part (31) and the linkage part (32) are squeezed by the linkage inclined surface (312), and the two positioning parts (31) are linked to move closer to each other, so that the two horizontal clamping parts (313) respectively abut against the left and right ends of the positioning section, while the two longitudinal pressing parts (311) are pressed against the upper end of the positioning section.

7. The step-by-step punching process for pipes according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an elastic element (33) acting on the positioning element (31). In steps S3 and S5, the elastic element (33) undergoes elastic deformation. After completing step S3 or S5, the first stamping module (1a) or the second stamping module (1s) rises, causing the linkage element (32) to separate from the positioning element (31). At this time, the elastic element (33) resets and drives the positioning element (31) back to its initial position and releases the lateral and longitudinal positioning of the positioning segment.

8. The step-by-step punching process for pipes according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base (2) is symmetrically provided with supports (34) located outside the positioning member (31). The supports (34) are provided with guide holes that pass through from left to right. The outer side of the positioning member (31) is connected to a support rod (341) that is slidably connected in the guide hole. The outer end of the support rod (341) passes out of the support (34) and is connected to a limit cap (342). The elastic member (33) is a compression spring that is sleeved on the support rod (341) and located between the limit cap (342) and the support (34).

9. The step-by-step punching process for pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stamping equipment includes two bases (2) corresponding to the positions of the first stamping module (1a) and the second stamping module (1s), respectively. After completing step S4, the second mandrel (4a) and the tube (5) are moved to the base (2) corresponding to the second stamping module (1s), and then step S5 is performed; or, the stamping equipment includes a frame and a single base (2), and the first stamping module (1a) and the second stamping module (1s) are slidably connected to the frame; after completing step S3, the first stamping module (1a) is slid and offset from the base (2), and after completing step S4, the second stamping module (1s) is slid and aligned with the position of the base (2), and then step S5 is performed.

10. The step-by-step punching process for pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first punch (13) or the second punch (13a) both include a punch body and a stamping part (131) connected to the lower end of the punch body. A flattened end face (132) is formed at the junction of the stamping part (131) and the punch body. The side wall of the stamping part (131) is a scraping surface (131b) with several scraping protrusions. In steps S3 and S5, the stamping part (131) enters the first concave hole (45) or the second concave hole (45a), and the flattened end face (132) flattens the burrs on the outer wall of the pipe (5). After completing steps S3 and S5, the scraping surface (131b) flattens the burrs on the inner wall of the first concave hole (45) or the inner wall of the second concave hole (45a).

11. The step-by-step punching process for pipes according to claim 10, characterized in that: The stamping section (131) has a scraping section connected to the punch body and a punching section (131a) connected to the lower end of the scraping section and with smooth sidewalls. The scraping surface (131b) is provided on the sidewall of the scraping section. In steps S3 and S5, the smooth punching end (131a) first enters the first concave hole (45) or the second concave hole (45a) and punches through the primary punching area (51a) or the secondary punching area (51b) of the pipe (5). Then the scraping section scrapes the burrs on the hole wall of the pipe (5) once. When the first punch (13) or the second punch (13a) leaves the first concave hole (45) or the second concave hole (45a), the scraping section scrapes the hole wall of the pipe (5) a second time.

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