A clamping and turning mechanism of a cold heading device and a method of using the same

Abstract

This invention discloses a clamping and flipping mechanism for a cold heading machine and its usage method, relating to the field of cold heading machine technology. It includes a housing and further comprises: a flipping assembly, including a rotating rod, which drives the workpiece to move and rotate when it needs to be flipped; a clamping assembly, including multiple symmetrically arranged arc-shaped plates, each with an elastic pad on its outer surface; when the workpiece diameter increases, the arc-shaped plates drive the elastic pads to move away from the workpiece end and reduce the clamping force on the workpiece; when the angle of the workpiece shifts after flipping, the arc-shaped plates rotate and, through the elastic pads, drive the workpiece to finely adjust its angle; when the workpiece is upset and deformed and its axis shifts, the arc-shaped plates rotate, causing the elastic pads to deform and support and lift the workpiece; through different actions of the telescopic rod and the adjusting rod, the clamping force is adaptively adjusted to match the workpiece diameter, correcting the flipping angle shift, switching the contact position to avoid the wear area of ​​the elastic pads, and leveling the tilted posture of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cold heading machine technology, and in particular to a clamping and flipping mechanism for cold heading equipment and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional cold heading, the diameter of metal wire is prone to fluctuation after pretreatment such as stretching and compression. The cut workpiece needs to go through core processes such as clamping, flipping, and upsetting in sequence. The clamping and flipping mechanisms of existing cold heading equipment mostly use clamping components of fixed specifications and a single transmission structure, which makes it difficult to obtain appropriate clamping force for workpieces of different diameters and causes angular deviation after flipping. This not only increases the difficulty of precision control and equipment maintenance costs in subsequent upsetting, but also easily causes workpiece surface damage and component wear. In addition, the elastic pads of the clamping components are prone to wear after long-term friction and lack an adaptive compensation mechanism, which can easily lead to clamping failure and processing interruption.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN104174802A discloses a cold heading machine, including a machine body. The machine body is equipped with a main motor, a transmission system, a linear feeding device, a rotary clamp, a cutting system, an adjustable male die ejection mechanism, and a closed rear support. The main motor is located at the first end of the machine body, and the transmission system is located at the output end of the main motor. The linear feeding device is located at the second end of the machine body, and a closed rear support is located on one side of the feeding device. The rotary clamp and the male die ejection mechanism are located in the middle of the machine body, and the cutting system is located below the rotary clamp.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical solutions have many defects in actual use. For example, the clamping structure lacks adaptive adjustment capability. When the metal wire is pre-treated or transported, it is easy to undergo tensile and compressive deformation, which leads to fluctuations in the diameter of the workpiece after cutting. The fixed-specification clamping components cannot adapt to this change, often resulting in problems such as workpiece displacement due to loose clamping or surface damage due to excessive clamping, affecting the processing stability.

[0005] Meanwhile, the transmission components that rely on flipping are prone to wear due to long-term meshing, and equipment vibration may cause component installation misalignment, resulting in angular deviation after the workpiece is flipped. The existing structure has no precise correction mechanism, which in turn causes eccentricity in subsequent upsetting, leading to equipment damage such as punch wear and die scratches, and reducing product dimensional accuracy.

[0006] Furthermore, the clamping device is prone to wear due to long-term friction with the workpiece, requiring frequent replacement. This not only increases the cost of spare parts procurement but also leads to production line interruptions and low maintenance efficiency.

[0007] When upsetting long rod-shaped workpieces, uneven metal flow and unbalanced force can easily cause the clamping point to be not located at the center of gravity of the workpiece, resulting in the workpiece tilting in the axial direction. Existing mechanisms lack effective posture adjustment functions and cannot correct the tilting state, leading to defects such as workpiece eccentricity and dimensional deviation, which significantly reduces the product qualification rate.

[0008] Therefore, it is particularly necessary to develop a cold heading equipment clamping and flipping mechanism that combines adaptive clamping, flipping angle correction, wear compensation, and long rod workpiece posture leveling functions. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the above problems, this invention provides a clamping and flipping mechanism for a cold heading machine and its usage method.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a clamping and flipping mechanism for a cold heading equipment, comprising a housing, and further comprising: a flipping assembly disposed inside the housing, comprising a rotating rod, wherein when the workpiece needs to be flipped, the rotating rod drives the workpiece to move and rotate; a clamping assembly disposed below the flipping assembly, comprising a plurality of symmetrically arranged arc-shaped plates, wherein elastic pads are provided on the outer surfaces of two arc-shaped plates on the same side, wherein when the diameter of the workpiece increases, the arc-shaped plates drive the elastic pads to move away from the end of the workpiece and reduce the clamping force on the workpiece; when the angle of the workpiece shifts after flipping, the arc-shaped plates rotate and drive the workpiece to finely adjust the angle through the elastic pads; when the workpiece is upset and deformed and the axis shifts, the arc-shaped plates rotate to compress and deform the elastic pads and support and lift the workpiece.

[0011] Preferably, the housing is equipped with a drive assembly for driving the various components to work together; a cutting mechanism is provided on one side of the clamping assembly, and the metal wire is cut into workpieces of suitable specifications after passing through the cutting mechanism, and then conveyed to the clamping assembly; a main forming mechanism is provided on one side of the drive assembly, which has multiple punches and moving parts arranged in an array inside for upsetting the workpiece; a ejector mechanism is provided on one side of the flipping assembly, which has a sleeve and an ejector rod inside. After the workpiece is formed in the mold, the drive assembly drives the ejector rod to move and push the workpiece out of the mold.

[0012] Preferably, the drive assembly includes: a drive shaft, disposed inside the housing, for driving each push rod to work; a forming push rod, disposed outside the drive shaft axis, for driving the main forming mechanism to perform upsetting on the workpiece; an ejector push rod, disposed at one end of the drive shaft, for driving the ejector mechanism to push the workpiece out of the mold; and a cutting push rod, disposed at the other end of the drive shaft, for driving the cutting mechanism to cut the workpiece.

[0013] Preferably, the flipping assembly further includes: a protective shell disposed inside the housing, with multiple missing tooth components evenly arranged on the top of the protective shell; and a half tooth component fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod, wherein the half tooth component meshes with the missing tooth component gear. When the rotating rod moves, the rotating rod drives the half tooth component to move, and the half tooth component meshes with the missing tooth component and drives the rotating rod to rotate, thereby driving the workpiece below to rotate.

[0014] Preferably, the flipping assembly further includes: a rotating shaft, multiple rotating shafts being rotatably connected to the inside of the protective shell via a drive device, wherein when the drive device is started, it drives the multiple rotating shafts to rotate synchronously within the protective shell at the same angle; and a rotating component, sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft and the rotating rod, which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the rotating component via a bearing, wherein when the rotating shaft rotates, it drives the rotating component to rotate, and the rotating component drives the rotating rod to rotate around the rotating shaft as the center.

[0015] Preferably, the clamping assembly further includes: a support member disposed at the lower end of the rotating rod, with two support plates symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the support member; and a telescopic rod, multiple of which are symmetrically arranged in an array on the inner side of the support plate, with the output end on the other side hinged to the side wall of the arc plate, for driving the arc plate to rotate.

[0016] Preferably, the clamping assembly further includes: a groove disposed on the outer surface of the elastic pad for clamping and supporting the workpiece; and a displacement detector symmetrically disposed on the lower surface of the support for detecting the state of the workpiece and controlling the multiple telescopic rods to perform corresponding actions.

[0017] Preferably, the clamping assembly further includes: a middle rod, disposed between two arc-shaped plates on the same side of the support plate and hinged to the two arc-shaped plates; when a single telescopic rod extends or retracts, it drives the corresponding arc-shaped plate to rotate around the middle rod as the center, and the rotation of the arc-shaped plate drives the elastic pad on its surface to rotate and deform with the workpiece; an adjusting rod, symmetrically disposed between the middle rod and the support plate, hinged to the middle rod, and the output end on the other side is hinged to the side wall of the arc-shaped plate, used to drive the middle rod to move.

[0018] A method for using a clamping and flipping mechanism of a cold heading machine, wherein the method utilizes the clamping and flipping mechanism of the cold heading machine to process a workpiece, comprising the following steps: S1. Feeding and cutting: The metal wire is cut into workpieces of preset specifications, and the workpieces are conveyed to the clamping assembly through the guide structure. S2. Adaptive clamping: After the displacement detector detects the workpiece, it triggers a clamping command. Multiple telescopic rods and adjusting rods extend synchronously, bringing the arc plate and elastic pad closer to the workpiece. The displacement detector detects the diameter of the workpiece. The telescopic rods and adjusting rods are finely adjusted to deform the elastic pad and groove to precisely fit the workpiece. S3. Workpiece flipping: The rotating shaft of the flipping component rotates, causing the rotating rod and clamping component to rotate, thereby driving the workpiece to complete the "movement + rotation" flipping. S4. Angle adjustment: When the angle shifts after the workpiece is flipped, the telescopic rods at different positions extend or shorten to form a reverse torque, which drives the arc plate to make symmetrical fine adjustments. The elastic pad drives the workpiece to rotate synchronously with static friction. When the workpiece returns to the preset position, the telescopic rods stop and the workpiece is stabilized at the target position. S5. Upsetting and resetting: The drive assembly applies pressure to the workpiece to achieve upsetting deformation; after the workpiece is pushed out, the clamping assembly re-clamps the workpiece. S6. Axis adjustment: When the front end of the workpiece tilts upward and the rear end sinks after upsetting, the front telescopic rod slightly retracts and the rear telescopic rod extends. The front telescopic rod drives the arc plate to rotate around the middle rod and move away from the workpiece, reducing the support area. The rear telescopic rod drives the arc plate to move closer to the workpiece, and the elastic pad and groove are squeezed and deformed, increasing the support area. S7. Clamping point adjustment: When the elastic pad is worn, all telescopic rods extend synchronously by a preset distance, and the adjusting rods retract synchronously by the same distance. The arc plate changes its tilt angle and causes the elastic pad to deform as a whole, so that the clamping point switches from the severely worn area to other areas.

[0019] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses a displacement detector to accurately detect the diameter of the workpiece, and the control system drives the telescopic rod to adaptively adjust the arc plate and elastic pad, always providing a stable and suitable clamping force. This avoids workpiece displacement caused by excessively loose clamping and prevents surface damage caused by excessively tight clamping, laying a stable foundation for subsequent processing and significantly improving the clamping accuracy and consistency of workpieces of different specifications.

[0020] 2. This invention achieves closed-loop adjustment through high-frequency detection by a displacement detector and coordinated fine-tuning by a telescopic rod. After detecting a deviation, the control system commands the telescopic rod to perform differentiated actions, driving the arc plate and elastic pad to reset the workpiece through friction. The correction range is controllable, avoiding secondary displacement and effectively preventing equipment damage such as punch wear and mold scratches caused by workpiece deviation. This ensures the alignment of subsequent upsetting processes and significantly improves product dimensional accuracy and equipment lifespan.

[0021] 3. By synchronously extending and retracting the front and rear telescopic rods, the contact position between the elastic pad and the workpiece is changed, avoiding areas with severe wear. This eliminates the need for frequent replacement of the elastic pad, extending its service life and reducing the cost of spare parts procurement and equipment downtime maintenance. At the same time, it maintains a stable clamping effect, avoiding processing interruptions caused by clamping failure and ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the production line.

[0022] 4. This invention captures the tilt posture of the workpiece through a displacement detector, and then adjusts the support area of ​​the arc plate and the elastic pad to achieve leveling by lowering or raising the front end of the workpiece and raising or lowering the rear end. During the adjustment process, the buffering effect of the elastic pad and the stable support of the adjusting rod ensure smooth and damage-free operation. This effectively solves the defects such as eccentricity and dimensional deviation caused by uneven force, significantly improves the pass rate of long rod products, and broadens the application range of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main molding mechanism of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top-feeding mechanism of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping component and clamping component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating part of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting rod part of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Drive assembly; 201. Drive shaft; 202. Forming push rod; 203. Ejector push rod; 204. Cutting push rod; 3. Main forming mechanism; 301. Punch; 302. Moving part; 4. Cutting mechanism; 5. Flipping assembly; 501. Protective shell; 502. Rotating shaft; 503. Part with missing tooth; 504. Half tooth part; 505. Rotating rod; 506. Rotating part; 6. Clamping assembly; 601. Support part; 602. Support plate; 603. Telescopic rod; 604. Intermediate rod; 605. Arc plate; 606. Adjusting rod; 607. Elastic pad; 608. Groove; 609. Displacement detector; 7. Ejector mechanism; 701. Ejector rod; 702. Sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1 In the field of cold heading, existing cold heading machines often face two major problems when processing metal wire: First, during the pre-treatment process such as stretching and compression of the metal wire before processing, diameter fluctuations are inevitable, resulting in inconsistent workpiece diameters after being cut by the cutting mechanism 4; second, during the workpiece flipping process, the transmission components of the flipping assembly 5 are prone to wear and misalignment, causing angular deviations after the workpiece is flipped, which affects the accuracy of subsequent upsetting and may even damage internal components of the equipment. Meanwhile, the clamping assembly 6 inevitably experiences wear during prolonged use. To solve these problems, this invention provides... Figures 1 to 8 The image shows a clamping and flipping mechanism for a cold heading machine.

[0027] A clamping and flipping mechanism for a cold heading machine includes a housing 1 and a flipping assembly 5, which is disposed inside the housing 1 and includes a rotating rod 505. When the workpiece needs to be flipped, the rotating rod 505 drives the workpiece to move and rotate. A clamping assembly 6 is disposed below the flipping assembly 5 and includes multiple symmetrically arranged arc-shaped plates 605. The outer surfaces of two arc-shaped plates 605 on the same side are provided with elastic pads 607. When the diameter of the workpiece increases, the arc-shaped plates 605 drive the elastic pads 607 to move away from the end of the workpiece and reduce the clamping force on the workpiece. When the angle of the workpiece shifts after flipping, the multiple arc-shaped plates 605 rotate in coordination and drive the workpiece to finely adjust the angle through the elastic pads 607. When the workpiece is upset and deformed and the axis shifts, the arc-shaped plates 605 rotate to compress and deform the elastic pads 607 and support and lift the workpiece.

[0028] The housing 1 is equipped with a drive assembly 2, which drives the various components to work together. A cutting mechanism 4 is provided on one side of the clamping assembly 6. After the metal wire is passed into the cutting mechanism 4, it is cut into workpieces of suitable specifications and then transported into the clamping assembly 6. A main forming mechanism 3 is provided on one side of the drive assembly 2. Multiple punches 301 and moving parts 302 for upsetting the workpiece are arranged in an array inside the mechanism. A top-ejector mechanism 7 is provided on one side of the flipping assembly 5. A sleeve 702 and a top-ejector rod 701 are provided inside the mechanism. After the workpiece is formed in the mold, the drive assembly 2 drives the top-ejector rod 701 to move and push the workpiece out of the mold.

[0029] The drive assembly 2 includes: a drive shaft 201, located inside the housing 1, for driving each push rod to work; a forming push rod 202, located outside the axis of the drive shaft 201, for driving the main forming mechanism 3 to perform upsetting on the workpiece; an ejector push rod 203, located at one end of the drive shaft 201, for driving the ejector mechanism 7 to push the workpiece out of the mold; and a cutting push rod 204, located at the other end of the drive shaft 201, for driving the cutting mechanism 4 to cut the workpiece.

[0030] When the drive shaft 201 rotates, it first drives the cutting push rod 204 to move. After the cutting mechanism 4 completes the cutting and conveying of the workpiece, the forming push rod 202 starts to move, driving the main forming mechanism 3 to perform the initial upsetting of the workpiece. Then the ejector push rod 203 pushes the workpiece out of the mold and is clamped again by the clamping assembly 6, and performs the flipping action again to perform the next upsetting operation.

[0031] The flipping assembly 5 also includes: a protective shell 501, which is disposed inside the housing 1 to provide protection and positioning for the internal transmission components. The top of the protective shell 501 is evenly provided with multiple toothed parts 503; a half toothed part 504, which is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod 505, and the half toothed part 504 meshes with the toothed part 503. When the rotating rod 505 moves, the rotating rod 505 drives the half toothed part 504 to move. The half toothed part 504 meshes with the toothed part 503 and drives the rotating rod 505 to rotate. The rotating rod 505 drives the workpiece below to rotate. The rotating rod 505 is disposed on the lower side of the half toothed part 504 and is fixedly connected to the top of the half toothed part 504. It is used to drive the half toothed part 504 to rotate around the toothed part 503. At the same time, the half toothed part 504 drives the rotating rod 505 to rotate around itself.

[0032] Rotating shaft 502, multiple rotating shafts 502 are rotatably connected to the inside of protective shell 501 through a drive device. The rotating shaft 502 is coaxially rotatably connected to the toothed part 503. When the drive device is started, it drives multiple rotating shafts 502 to rotate synchronously within the protective shell 501 at the same angle, which is used to drive the half-toothed part 504 to rotate around the toothed part 503. Rotating part 506 is sleeved on the outside of rotating shaft 502 and rotating rod 505. It is fixedly connected to rotating shaft 502. Rotating rod 505 is rotatably connected to rotating part 506 through bearing. When rotating shaft 502 rotates, it drives rotating part 506 and rotating rod 505 to rotate around rotating shaft 502. At the same time, rotating rod 505 rotates around itself, thereby driving clamping assembly 6 to rotate, completing the workpiece flipping.

[0033] The clamping assembly 6 also includes: a support member 601, which is disposed at the lower end of the rotating rod 505. Two support plates 602 are symmetrically disposed at the lower end of the support member 601. Both the support member 601 and the support plates 602 serve to support and fix the workpiece; and telescopic rods 603, which are arranged in multiple arrays symmetrically on the inner side of the support plates 602. These rods are used to drive the arc plate 605 to rotate. Specifically, one side of the telescopic rod 603 is hinged to the inner side of the support plate 602, and the output end on the other side is hinged to the side wall of the arc plate 605. When a single telescopic rod 603 extends or retracts, it drives the corresponding arc plate 605 to rotate around the central rod 604. The rotation of the arc plate 605 drives the elastic pad 607 on its surface to rotate and deform by pressing against the workpiece. Through the different actions of multiple telescopic rods 603, the arc plate 605 is moved or rotated, thereby realizing the clamping, angle correction, wear position switching, and posture adjustment of the workpiece.

[0034] A groove 608 is provided on the outer surface of the elastic pad 607 for clamping and supporting the workpiece. The elastic pad 607 is made of elastic material, such as polyurethane with a high coefficient of friction. The inner diameter of the groove 608 adapts to the deformation of the elastic pad 607 to accommodate workpieces of different diameters or change the clamping force on the workpiece. A displacement detector 609 is symmetrically provided on the lower surface of the support 601 for detecting the status of the workpiece and controlling the multiple telescopic rods 603 to perform corresponding actions.

[0035] The intermediate rod 604 is positioned between two arc-shaped plates 605 on the same side of the support plate 602 and is hinged to the two arc-shaped plates 605. When a single telescopic rod 603 extends or retracts, it drives the corresponding arc-shaped plate 605 to rotate around the intermediate rod 604. The rotation of the arc-shaped plate 605 drives the elastic pad 607 on its surface to rotate and deform under pressure with the workpiece. The adjusting rod 606 is symmetrically positioned between the intermediate rod 604 and the support plate 602. One side of the adjusting rod 606 is hinged to the support plate 602, and the output end on the other side is hinged to the intermediate rod 604, which is used to drive the intermediate rod 604 to move.

[0036] During use, after the processing is started, the drive shaft 201 of the drive assembly 2 rotates at a constant speed under the drive of the motor. The cutting push rod 204 on one side of the drive shaft 201 is eccentrically fixed to the drive shaft 201 by a key connection. The cutting push rod 204 rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 201 and is converted into a reciprocating linear motion. The reciprocating motion of the cutting push rod 204 directly drives the cutting mechanism 4 to operate, accurately cutting the continuously conveyed metal wire to the preset size. After the cutting is completed, the workpiece is smoothly conveyed to the central clamping area of ​​the clamping assembly 6 through the guide structure below the cutting mechanism 4, completing the connection between raw material pretreatment and workpiece transfer.

[0037] When the workpiece enters the clamping assembly 6, the displacement detectors 609, symmetrically mounted on the lower surface of the support 601, quickly capture the workpiece signal and trigger the initial clamping command. At this time, the multiple telescopic rods 603 and adjusting rods 606 symmetrically arranged in the clamping assembly 6 move synchronously under the unified scheduling of the control system. Through the hinge point with the arc plate 605, the arc plate 605 is driven to move smoothly towards the workpiece. The elastic pad 607 fixed on the outer surface of the arc plate 605 moves together with the arc plate 605, and the groove 608 opened on its surface gradually fits the workpiece surface. When the elastic pad 607 moves to the preset clamping position, the telescopic rods 603 and adjusting rods 606 stop moving. At this time, the elastic pad 607 forms an initial clamping and support for the workpiece through the groove 608, ensuring that the workpiece is stably in the center position of the clamping assembly 6, laying the foundation for subsequent precise processing.

[0038] When cold heading machine processes workpieces, it uses metal wire of the same diameter. However, the metal wire will inevitably be stretched and compressed during processing, causing its diameter to change. This results in a change in the diameter of the workpiece cut by the cutting mechanism 4.

[0039] After initial clamping, the displacement detector 609 further precisely detects the actual diameter of the workpiece and feeds the detection data back to the control system in real time. Based on the specific value of the workpiece diameter, the control system sends a secondary adjustment command to the telescopic rod 603: if the workpiece diameter is detected to be too small, the multiple telescopic rods 603 and the adjusting rod 606 continue to move slightly closer to the workpiece, causing the elastic pad 607 to undergo moderate compression deformation with the workpiece surface. The inner diameter of the groove 608 adaptively shrinks with the deformation of the elastic pad 607 until it perfectly matches the workpiece diameter, forming a tight and stable clamping state. If the workpiece diameter is detected to be too large, the multiple telescopic rods 603 and the adjusting rod 606 retract slightly away from the workpiece, reducing the degree of compression deformation between the elastic pad 607 and the workpiece. The inner diameter of the groove 608 adaptively expands, similarly achieving precise adaptation to the workpiece diameter. This ensures that regardless of fluctuations in the workpiece diameter, a stable and appropriate clamping force can be obtained, preventing workpiece displacement due to excessively loose clamping or damage due to excessively tight clamping.

[0040] After the clamping assembly 6 has successfully clamped the workpiece, if the machining process requires the workpiece to be flipped to switch the machining surface, the control system issues a flipping command to the flipping assembly 5. The drive device starts and drives multiple rotating shafts 502 to rotate by the same angle. The rotating component 506, which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 502, rotates synchronously. The rotating component 506 is connected to the rotating rod 505, which in turn drives the rotating rod 505 and the half-tooth component 504 to move in a circle around the rotating shaft 502. During the movement of the half-tooth component 504 around the rotating shaft 502, the half-tooth component 504 precisely meshes with the toothed component 503. Under the drive of the meshing force, the half-tooth component 504 also rotates on its own axis. The rotation of the half-tooth component 504 is transmitted to the clamping assembly 6 through the rotating rod 505, which ultimately drives the clamping assembly 6 and the clamped workpiece to complete the compound flipping action of "movement + rotation", realizing the precise switching of the machining surface.

[0041] As the equipment is used more often, the meshing tooth surfaces of the missing tooth part 503 and the half tooth part 504 will gradually wear out, or the installation position of the missing tooth part 503 may be slightly offset due to vibration or other factors, causing the half tooth part 504 to fail to reach the preset rotation angle. This results in the workpiece flipping over and causing an angular offset, which does not meet the position requirements of subsequent upsetting. At this time, the displacement detector 609 detects the changes in the position data of the workpiece in real time, determines the offset direction and angle of the workpiece, and immediately sends action commands to multiple telescopic rods 603.

[0042] by Figure 8 Taking the direction shown as an example, if the displacement detector 609 detects that the workpiece has shifted to the left front with its own center as the center, the control system will precisely set the movement amplitude of the telescopic rod 603 according to the magnitude of the offset angle (usually 0.1-0.2mm, to avoid excessive movement amplitude causing secondary displacement of the workpiece). Subsequently, under the synchronous scheduling of the control system, the telescopic rods 603 at the left front and right rear move slightly towards the workpiece at a uniform speed; at the same time, the telescopic rods 603 at the left rear and right front retract smoothly away from the workpiece. The coordinated action of multiple telescopic rods 603 forms a counter-torque, driving the arc plate 605 hinged to the telescopic rods 603. With the workpiece center as the center, the workpiece is slowly rotated for fine adjustments. The front end of the left arc plate 605 is adjusted to the right and the rear end to the left. The left adjustment rod 606 moves passively following the movement of the left arc plate 605. The front end of the right arc plate 605 is adjusted to the left and the rear end to the right. The right adjustment rod 606 moves passively following the movement of the right arc plate 605, forming a symmetrical adjustment posture. The rotational torque of the arc plate 605 is directly transmitted to the elastic pad 607 on its outer surface. The elastic pad 607 can be made of polyurethane material with a high coefficient of friction. The groove 608 on its surface is in close contact with the workpiece surface, generating a suitable static friction force to drive the workpiece to rotate synchronously.

[0043] During rotation, the displacement detector 609 continuously monitors the workpiece position in real time. When the workpiece is detected to have returned to the preset position, the control system immediately issues a stop command. The telescopic rod 603 stops moving, and the arc plate 605 and the elastic pad 607 maintain their current posture. The workpiece is stabilized in the preset position. From the detection of the offset to the completion of the correction, the system effectively avoids the problem of the punch 301 making eccentric contact with the workpiece during the subsequent upsetting process due to the workpiece offset, which could lead to wear of the punch 301, scratches on the mold cavity, and other damage to the internal components of the equipment. This ensures the dimensional accuracy of the upsetting process and the service life of the equipment.

[0044] The elastic pad 607, due to prolonged contact and friction with the workpiece, will inevitably experience wear on its contact surface, especially the inner wall of the groove 608. With the accumulation of processing cycles, this wear will gradually intensify, potentially leading to a decrease in the fit between the workpiece and the elastic pad 607 during clamping, resulting in clamping gaps or uneven clamping force distribution, thus affecting clamping stability. When the contact surface of the elastic pad 607 shows significant wear, the control system instructs all telescopic rods 603 to extend synchronously by a preset distance, and simultaneously instructs all adjusting rods 606 to retract synchronously by the same distance, changing the tilt angle of the arc plate 605. This causes the elastic pad 607 to shift and deform, thereby allowing the elastic pad to... Forming a "3"-shaped structure, the clamping point of the elastic pad 607 and the groove 608 moves from the center to the front and rear sides, thereby switching the clamping point from a severely worn area to a slightly worn or unworn area. Through this dynamic adjustment, even if the elastic pad 607 has a certain degree of wear, it can maintain a stable clamping effect by avoiding the damaged area, eliminating the need for frequent replacement of the elastic pad 607. This significantly reduces the replacement frequency of the elastic pad 607, lowers the cost of spare parts procurement and the time cost of equipment downtime maintenance, and avoids processing interruptions caused by frequent replacement of parts, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the production line.

[0045] After the workpiece is flipped into position and the angle is corrected, the drive shaft 201 continues to rotate, driving the forming push rod 202 and the ejector push rod 203 to reciprocate. When the forming push rod 202 moves towards the clamping assembly 6, it drives the punch 301 inside the main forming mechanism 3 to move. The punch 301 pushes the workpiece from the clamping assembly 6 into the preset mold and applies pressure to the workpiece to complete the upsetting process. After the upsetting process is completed, the forming push rod 202 returns to its original position away from the clamping assembly 6. At this time, the drive shaft 201 drives the ejector push rod 203 to move towards the clamping assembly 6. As the clamping assembly 6 moves in a certain direction, the ejector push rod 203 drives the ejector rod 701 inside the ejector mechanism 7 to move, ejecting the formed workpiece from the mold. The ejected workpiece is then stably clamped by the clamping assembly 6 again. If the workpiece needs to be upset on multiple sides, the above-mentioned flipping and upset operation process can be repeated until all processing steps are completed. When all processing steps of the workpiece are completed, the multiple telescopic rods 603 of the clamping assembly 6 retract synchronously, and the arc plate 605 drives the elastic pad 607 away from the workpiece. The workpiece is released and discharged through the discharge structure, and the equipment completes one processing cycle.

[0046] Example 2 Based on the above embodiment one, although it effectively solves the problems of unstable clamping and offset of flipping angle caused by workpiece diameter fluctuation, it has been found in practical applications that for the head upsetting of long rod-shaped workpieces, due to factors such as uneven metal flow and unbalanced force, the clamping point of the elastic pad 607 on the workpiece is not located at the center of gravity of the workpiece, resulting in the workpiece head tilting slightly upward or downward, that is, the workpiece axis tilting relative to the theoretical horizontal line. If this axis tilt is not corrected in time, it will lead to uneven force on the workpiece during subsequent upsetting, resulting in defects such as eccentricity and dimensional deviation, which seriously affects the product qualification rate.

[0047] Based on this, Example 2 adds an adaptive adjustment support function to Example 1, further optimizing the processing effect.

[0048] In summary, when using it, Figure 8Taking the direction of the workpiece as an example, when the workpiece tilts upwards at the front and downwards at the rear due to uneven metal flow, the displacement detector 609 quickly collects this change data and feeds it back to the control system. After analysis and judgment, the control system determines that the workpiece axis needs to be leveled by "lowering the front and raising the rear". It sends an action command to the telescopic rod 603 at the corresponding position. The telescopic rod 603 on the side closer to the front of the workpiece retracts slightly, causing the arc plate 605 on that side to rotate around the middle rod 604 and move away from the workpiece. This reduces the support area of ​​the arc plate 605 on the front of the workpiece through the elastic pad 607 and the groove 608. At the same time, the telescopic rod 603 on the side closer to the rear of the workpiece extends slightly, causing the arc plate 605 on that side to rotate around the middle rod 604 and move closer to the workpiece. The elastic pad 607 undergoes moderate compression deformation with the rear surface of the workpiece, increasing the support area for the rear of the workpiece.

[0049] Under the influence of the change in support area, the front end of the workpiece naturally descends under the combined action of gravity and support force, while the rear end slowly rises under the upward support force of the elastic pad 607. Throughout the adjustment process, the elastic deformation of the elastic pad 607 plays a buffering and adaptive role, preventing damage to the workpiece surface due to sudden changes in support force. At the same time, the adjusting rods 606 on both sides of the intermediate rod 604 remain stationary and stable, providing stable support for the fine-tuning action of the arc plate 605, ensuring that the adjustment process is smooth and controllable. The workpiece axis gradually returns to the preset horizontal position. After the displacement detector 609 detects that the workpiece posture meets the standard, it sends a signal to the control system, the telescopic rod 603 stops moving, and the clamping assembly 6 returns to a stable clamping state, providing reliable alignment assurance for subsequent secondary upsetting, transfer and other processes.

[0050] If the workpiece exhibits a reverse tilt, with the rear end tilting upwards and the front end tilting downwards, the displacement detector 609 can accurately detect this. The control system then adjusts the corresponding telescopic rod 603 in the opposite direction: the front telescopic rod 603 extends slightly, and the rear telescopic rod 603 retracts slightly. By adjusting the support area in the opposite direction, the workpiece axis is quickly leveled. This refined adaptive adjustment support function further compensates for the shortcomings of existing technologies, effectively solves the problem of axis tilting during the upsetting process of long rod-type workpieces, significantly improves the dimensional accuracy and pass rate of cold-forged products, and broadens the application range of the equipment.

[0051] If the elastic pad 607 wears down, and the workpiece tilts with its front end tilting upwards and its rear end sinking after the telescopic rod 603 and adjusting rod 606 move to adjust the position of the clamping point, the control system sends an action command to the telescopic rod 603 at the corresponding position. The telescopic rod 603 near the rear end of the workpiece extends slightly, and the adjusting rod 606 retracts slightly, thereby driving the rear arc plate 605 to rotate. This causes the rear arc plate 605 and the workpiece to move backward, increasing the supporting force on the workpiece. During the movement of the rear telescopic rod 603 and adjusting rod 606, the front telescopic rod 603 remains stationary and stable. The rotation of the adjusting rod 606 drives the front arc plate 605 to rotate and move forward with the workpiece's supporting position. However, since the rotational movement of the front arc plate 605 is less than that of the rear arc plate 605, and the elastic pad 607 undergoes moderate compression deformation with the workpiece surface, the groove 608 inside the elastic pad 607 maintains a stable clamping state on the workpiece again.

[0052] Under the influence of the change in support area, the front end of the workpiece naturally descends under the combined action of gravity and support force, while the rear end slowly rises under the upward support force of the elastic pad 607. Throughout the adjustment process, the elastic deformation of the elastic pad 607 plays a buffering and adaptive role, avoiding damage to the workpiece surface caused by sudden changes in support force. The workpiece axis gradually returns to the preset horizontal position. After the displacement detector 609 detects that the workpiece posture meets the standard, it sends a signal to the control system, the telescopic rod 603 stops moving, and the clamping assembly 6 regains a stable clamping state, providing reliable centering assurance for subsequent secondary upsetting, transfer and other processes.

[0053] The workpiece is then subjected to upsetting and transfer processes following the above procedure.

[0054] Example 3 A method for using the clamping and flipping mechanism of a cold heading equipment is also provided, including the following steps: S1. Feeding and cutting: The metal wire is cut into workpieces of preset specifications, and the workpieces are conveyed to the clamping assembly 6 through the guide structure. S2. Adaptive clamping: After the displacement detector 609 detects the workpiece, it triggers a clamping command. Multiple telescopic rods 603 and adjusting rods 606 extend synchronously, causing the arc plate 605 and elastic pad 607 to approach the workpiece. The displacement detector 609 detects the diameter of the workpiece. The telescopic rods 603 and adjusting rods 606 make fine adjustments to deform the elastic pad 607 and the groove 608 to precisely fit the workpiece. S3. The workpiece is flipped. The rotating shaft 502 of the flipping component 5 rotates, causing the rotating rod 505 and the clamping component 6 to rotate, thereby driving the workpiece to complete the flipping of "movement + rotation". S4. Angle adjustment: When the angle shifts after the workpiece is flipped, the telescopic rods 603 at different positions extend or shorten to form a reverse torque, which drives the arc plate 605 to make symmetrical fine adjustments. The elastic pad 607 drives the workpiece to rotate synchronously with static friction. When the workpiece returns to the preset position, the telescopic rods 603 stop, and the workpiece is stabilized at the target position. S5. Upsetting and resetting: Drive assembly 2 applies pressure to the workpiece to achieve upsetting deformation; after the workpiece is pushed out, clamping assembly 6 re-clamps the workpiece. S6. Axis adjustment: When the front end of the workpiece tilts upward and the rear end sinks after upsetting, the front telescopic rod 603 shrinks slightly and the rear telescopic rod 603 extends. The front telescopic rod 603 drives the arc plate 605 to rotate around the middle rod 604 and move away from the workpiece, reducing the support area. The rear telescopic rod 603 drives the arc plate 605 to move closer to the workpiece, and the elastic pad 607 and the groove 608 are squeezed and deformed, increasing the support area. S7. Clamping point adjustment: When the elastic pad 607 is worn, all telescopic rods 603 extend synchronously by a preset distance, and the adjusting rods 606 retract synchronously by the same distance. The arc plate 605 changes its tilt angle and causes the elastic pad 607 to deform as a whole, so that the clamping point switches from the severely worn area to other areas.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clamping and flipping mechanism for a cold heading machine, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The flipping assembly (5) is located inside the housing (1) and includes a rotating rod (505). When the workpiece needs to be flipped, the rotating rod (505) drives the workpiece to move and rotate. The clamping assembly (6) is located below the flipping assembly (5) and includes multiple symmetrically arranged arc-shaped plates (605). The outer surfaces of two arc-shaped plates (605) on the same side are provided with elastic pads (607). When the diameter of the workpiece increases, the arc-shaped plates (605) drive the elastic pads (607) to move away from the workpiece end and reduce the clamping force on the workpiece. When the angle of the workpiece shifts after flipping, the arc-shaped plates (605) rotate and drive the workpiece to finely adjust the angle through the elastic pads (607). When the workpiece is upset and deformed and the axis shifts, the arc-shaped plates (605) rotate to compress and deform the elastic pads (607) and support and lift the workpiece. The clamping assembly (6) further includes: a support member (601) disposed at the lower end of the rotating rod (505), with two support plates (602) symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the support member (601); multiple telescopic rods (603) symmetrically arranged in an array on the inner side of the support plates (602), with the other output end hinged to the side wall of the arc plate (605) for driving the arc plate (605) to rotate; a groove (608) disposed on the outer surface of the elastic pad (607) for clamping and supporting the workpiece; and a displacement detector (609) symmetrically arranged on the lower surface of the support member (601) for detecting the state of the workpiece and controlling the multiple telescopic rods (603) to move in phase. The corresponding action; the intermediate rod (604) is set between two arc plates (605) on the same side of the support plate (602) and is hinged to the two arc plates (605); when a single telescopic rod (603) extends or retracts, it drives the corresponding arc plate (605) to rotate around the intermediate rod (604) as the center. The rotation of the arc plate (605) drives the elastic pad (607) on its surface to rotate and deform with the workpiece; the adjusting rod (606) is symmetrically set between the intermediate rod (604) and the support plate (602), and is hinged to the intermediate rod (604). The output end on the other side is hinged to the side wall of the arc plate (605) and is used to drive the intermediate rod (604) to move.

2. The clamping and flipping mechanism of a cold heading equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is equipped with a drive assembly (2) for driving the various components to work together; a cutting mechanism (4) is provided on one side of the clamping assembly (6). After the metal wire is passed into the cutting mechanism (4), it is cut into workpieces of the appropriate specifications and then transported to the clamping assembly (6); a main forming mechanism (3) is provided on one side of the drive assembly (2), which has multiple punches (301) and moving parts (302) arranged in an array inside for upsetting the workpiece; a top material mechanism (7) is provided on one side of the flipping assembly (5), which has a sleeve (702) and a top material rod (701) inside. After the workpiece is formed in the mold, the drive assembly (2) drives the top material rod (701) to move and push the workpiece out of the mold.

3. The clamping and flipping mechanism of a cold heading equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving component (2) includes: The drive shaft (201) is located inside the housing (1) and is used to drive each push rod to work; The forming push rod (202) is located on the outside of the drive shaft (201) and is used to drive the main forming mechanism (3) to perform upsetting on the workpiece; The ejector rod (203) is located at one end of the drive shaft (201) and is used to drive the ejector mechanism (7) to push the workpiece out of the mold; The cutting push rod (204) is located at the other end of the drive shaft (201) and is used to drive the cutting mechanism (4) to cut the workpiece.

4. The clamping and flipping mechanism of a cold heading equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flipping component (5) also includes: The protective shell (501) is located inside the box (1), and multiple toothed parts (503) are evenly arranged on the top of the protective shell (501). The half-tooth component (504) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod (505), and the half-tooth component (504) meshes with the tooth-deficient component (503). When the rotating rod (505) moves, the rotating rod (505) drives the half-tooth component (504) to move. The half-tooth component (504) meshes with the tooth-deficient component (503) and drives the rotating rod (505) to rotate. The rotating rod (505) drives the workpiece below to rotate.

5. The clamping and flipping mechanism of a cold heading equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flipping component (5) also includes: Rotating shaft (502), multiple rotating shafts (502) are rotatably connected to the inside of the protective shell (501) through a drive device. When the drive device is started, it drives multiple rotating shafts (502) to rotate synchronously inside the protective shell (501) at the same angle. The rotating component (506) is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (502) and the rotating rod (505). It is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (502). The rotating rod (505) is rotatably connected to the rotating component (506) through a bearing. When the rotating shaft (502) rotates, it drives the rotating component (506) to rotate. The rotating component (506) drives the rotating rod (505) to rotate around the rotating shaft (502) as the center.

6. A method of using a clamping and flipping mechanism of a cold heading machine, wherein the method utilizes the clamping and flipping mechanism of the cold heading machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 to process a workpiece, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Feeding and cutting: The metal wire is cut into workpieces of preset specifications, and the workpieces are conveyed to the clamping assembly (6) through the guide structure. S2. Adaptive clamping: After the displacement detector (609) detects the workpiece, it triggers a clamping command. Multiple telescopic rods (603) and adjusting rods (606) extend synchronously, causing the arc plate (605) and elastic pad (607) to approach the workpiece. The displacement detector (609) detects the diameter of the workpiece. The telescopic rods (603) and adjusting rods (606) make fine adjustments to make the elastic pad (607) and groove (608) deform to precisely fit the workpiece. S3. The workpiece is flipped. The rotating shaft (502) of the flipping assembly (5) rotates, causing the rotating rod (505) and the clamping assembly (6) to rotate, thereby driving the workpiece to complete the "movement + rotation" flipping. S4. Angle adjustment: When the angle shifts after the workpiece is flipped, the telescopic rods (603) at different positions extend or shorten to form a reverse torque, which drives the arc plate (605) to make symmetrical fine adjustments. The elastic pad (607) drives the workpiece to rotate synchronously with static friction. When the workpiece returns to the preset position, the telescopic rods (603) stop and the workpiece is stabilized at the target position. S5. Upsetting and resetting: The drive assembly (2) applies pressure to the workpiece to achieve upsetting deformation; after the workpiece is pushed out, the clamping assembly (6) re-clamps the workpiece. S6. Axis adjustment: When the front end of the workpiece tilts up and the rear end sinks down after upsetting, the front telescopic rod (603) shrinks slightly and the rear telescopic rod (603) extends. The front telescopic rod (603) drives the arc plate (605) to rotate around the middle rod (604) away from the workpiece, and the support area is reduced. The rear telescopic rod (603) drives the arc plate (605) to approach the workpiece, and the elastic pad (607) and groove (608) are squeezed and deformed, increasing the support area; S7. Clamping point adjustment: When the elastic pad (607) is worn, all telescopic rods (603) extend synchronously by a preset distance, and the adjusting rod (606) retracts synchronously by the same distance. The arc plate (605) changes its tilt angle and causes the elastic pad (607) to deform as a whole, so that the clamping point switches from the severely worn area to other areas.

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