Welding apparatus for composite current collector tabs and foils

Abstract

The application provides a welding device for composite current collector pole piece and foil, which is used for welding foil on both sides of the edge area of the composite current collector pole piece, and comprises a roller welding mechanism, a pole piece feeding mechanism, two foil feeding mechanisms and a visual detection mechanism. The pole piece and the foils stacked on both sides of the pole piece are welded and connected by the roller welding mechanism, and the welding head is fixed in position during welding. The pole piece feeding mechanism is used for carrying the pole piece roll film and correcting the unwound pole piece in the transverse direction, so that the pole piece is used for the welding head of the ultrasonic wave pressure welding assembly corresponding to the current collector edge area of the foil stacked for welding. The two foil feeding mechanisms are used for unwinding the foils on both sides of the pole piece respectively. The visual detection mechanism comprises a pre-welding visual detection component and a feedback visual detection component; the pre-welding visual detection component obtains the stacking image information of the pole piece and the foils stacked, and the feedback visual detection component obtains the welding mark image information of the pole piece and the foils after welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy battery manufacturing technology, and in particular to a welding device for composite current collector electrodes and foils suitable for the production of digital product cells. Background Technology

[0002] In existing battery manufacturing processes, the connection between composite current collector electrodes and upper and lower foils is typically achieved using ultrasonic roller welding technology, which uses high-frequency vibration of the welding head to achieve bonding between metal molecules. With the development of the consumer electronics industry, the size of battery cells for digital products is trending towards miniaturization and thinning. This results in extremely small blank areas inside the cell for electrode welding, placing much higher precision requirements on the welding position compared to larger cells such as automotive power batteries. The main challenges in the manufacturing process are alignment accuracy and tension stability under high-speed transmission.

[0003] However, most existing roll welding equipment follows the design concept of traditional power battery production lines, typically only setting up a single-stage correction mechanism at the unwinding end. This long-distance open-loop transmission method makes it difficult to eliminate the cumulative lateral deviation generated by the material during its journey, causing the electrode sheet to easily deviate when it reaches the welding station, resulting in weld misalignment or damage to the coating area. Simultaneously, the tension control system of existing equipment often lacks effective isolation for the welding zone. Tension fluctuations caused by changes in roll diameter at the unwinding end or equipment start-up and shutdown are directly transmitted to the welding head, causing material vibration and further reducing welding yield. How to solve these problems is a question that those skilled in the art need to consider. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in the prior art, this application provides a welding device for composite current collector electrodes and foil materials.

[0005] This application provides a welding device for composite current collector electrodes and foils, used to weld foils to both sides of the edge region of the composite current collector electrode. The welding device includes a roller welding mechanism, an electrode feeding mechanism, two foil feeding mechanisms, and a visual inspection mechanism. The roller welding mechanism includes an ultrasonic pressure welding assembly for welding the current collector of the electrode and the foils stacked on both sides of the electrode. The welding head of the ultrasonic pressure welding assembly is configured to be fixed in position during the welding process. The electrode feeding mechanism includes an electrode unwinding assembly and an electrode unwinding correction assembly. The electrode unwinding assembly carries the electrode roll film and unwinds the electrode by rotation. The electrode unwinding correction assembly is located downstream of the electrode unwinding assembly and works in conjunction with the electrode unwinding assembly to achieve lateral correction of the unwound electrode, so that the edge region of the current collector used for welding with the foil corresponds to the welding head of the ultrasonic pressure welding assembly. Two foil feeding mechanisms are used to unwind foil located on both sides of the electrode sheet, respectively. Each foil feeding mechanism includes a foil unwinding assembly and a foil correction assembly. The foil unwinding assembly carries the foil roll and unwinds it by rotation. The foil correction assembly is located downstream of the foil unwinding assembly and works in conjunction with it to correct the lateral deviation of the unwound foil, ensuring that the foil aligns with the current collector edge area of ​​the electrode sheet. A vision inspection mechanism includes several vision inspection components, at least a pre-welding vision inspection component and a feedback vision inspection component. The pre-welding vision inspection component is located between the current collection area of ​​the electrode sheet and foil and the roll welding mechanism. It acquires stacked image information of the stacked electrode sheet and foil and feeds this stacked image information back to the electrode unwinding assembly and / or the foil unwinding assembly for lateral deviation correction of the electrode sheet and / or foil. The feedback vision inspection component is located downstream of the roll welding mechanism and acquires weld marks image information of the welded electrode sheet and foil to determine whether the lateral deviation correction meets the requirements.

[0006] Understandably, by fixing the welding head position (specifically, the welding head is constructed so that its axis of rotation is fixed relative to the frame during welding, rather than meaning the welding head has no freedom of movement at all), a fixed physical reference is established for the welding process. This changes the situation where the correction target is unclear in traditional equipment. The welding head position basically corresponds to the preset welding area on the electrode. The boundary of the preset welding area (especially the boundary near the active material layer) serves as a virtual reference, and multiple corrections and tension adjustments are made to the positions of the electrode and foil based on this virtual reference, making it suitable for high-precision roll welding production of small-sized cells for digital products. Furthermore, by setting an electrode unwinding correction component in the electrode feeding mechanism and a foil correction component in the foil feeding mechanism, preliminary correction of the deviation of the coil material itself can be performed at the source of material transportation. Building upon this, a pre-welding visual inspection component is installed before the welding station to acquire real-time stacking images of the electrode and foil. This information is then fed back to the electrode unwinding component and / or the foil unwinding component, forming a closed-loop control system. This system can detect the cumulative deviation of materials after long-distance transport and dynamically adjust the feeding mechanism accordingly, ensuring that the material actively aligns with the aforementioned fixed welding head reference. This effectively addresses the deviation problem caused by medium- to long-distance open-loop transport. Furthermore, the feedback visual inspection component verifies the actual effectiveness of the closed-loop deviation correction system, further improving the alignment accuracy of the electrode and foil and ensuring the welding alignment accuracy of small-sized cells.

[0007] In one embodiment, the welding equipment for the composite current collector electrode and foil further includes a guiding mechanism. The guiding mechanism includes several guide rollers, which are divided into a first guide roller group, a second guide roller group, a third guide roller group, and a fourth guide roller group. The first guide roller group guides the electrode, the second guide roller group guides the foil pre-positioned on one side of the electrode, the third guide roller group guides the foil pre-positioned on the other side of the electrode, and the fourth guide roller group guides the stacked electrode and foil. At least one pre-welding visual inspection component is positioned towards the guide roller at the junction of the first and second guide roller groups to acquire stacked image information of the electrode and the foil pre-positioned on one side of the electrode; at least another pre-welding visual inspection component is positioned towards the guide roller at the junction of the third and fourth guide roller groups to acquire stacked image information of the electrode and the foil pre-positioned on the other side of the electrode.

[0008] Understandably, positioning the pre-welding vision inspection components towards the guide rollers leverages their physical support to provide a stable and flat imaging plane for visual inspection. Compared to inspection in suspended areas, acquiring images at the guide rollers suppresses material vibrations caused by tension fluctuations or airflow disturbances, improving the signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy of the stacked image information acquired by the vision system. This provides more reliable input data for the closed-loop correction control system.

[0009] In one embodiment, at least one feedback visual inspection component is positioned toward a first guide roller located downstream of the ultrasonic welding component to acquire weld image information on one side of the welded electrode and foil; at least another feedback visual inspection component is positioned toward a second guide roller located downstream of the ultrasonic welding component to acquire weld image information on the other side of the welded electrode and foil.

[0010] Understandably, similar to the principle of pre-weld inspection, the guide rollers provide physical support for the finished weld, offering a stable imaging background for acquiring weld stamp images. This helps obtain clear, shaky weld stamp images, thereby improving the ability to accurately determine quality parameters such as weld stamp position and morphology.

[0011] In one embodiment, the visual inspection assembly includes at least one CCD camera and at least one light source, both of which are disposed facing the corresponding guide roller. The optical path of the CCD camera is configured to point to the center of the corresponding guide roller, and the optical paths of the CCD camera and the light source of each visual inspection assembly are configured to be at an angle.

[0012] Understandably, the CCD camera's optical path is directed towards the center of the guide roller. This shooting angle, perpendicular to the tangent of the roller surface, reduces perspective distortion caused by the roller's curvature. Furthermore, the CCD camera's optical path is angled relative to the light source's optical path, employing side illumination rather than vertical illumination. This produces stronger shadows and highlights at the material edges, resulting in high-contrast contours in the image. The combination of the CCD camera and the light source helps the vision algorithm more accurately and stably identify the edge positions of the electrodes and foil, thereby improving the control precision of the entire web correction system.

[0013] In one embodiment, the welding equipment for composite current collector electrode and foil further includes a tension adjustment mechanism, which includes a middle tension isolation component and an upper tension isolation component. The middle tension isolation component is located downstream of the ultrasonic pressure welding component and is used to drive the electrode and foil in the welding connection state to move along the conveyor belt. The upper tension isolation component is located downstream of the electrode feeding mechanism and is used to drive the electrode to move along the conveyor belt.

[0014] Understandably, the upper tension isolation component isolates the electrode unwinding assembly (whose tension fluctuates with changes in roll diameter) from the subsequent welding area. Simultaneously, the middle tension isolation component isolates the welding area from the rear winding mechanism (whose tension also fluctuates). By setting up these two tension isolation components, a relatively stable tension region is created in the middle of the equipment, allowing the ultrasonic pressure welding assembly to operate within this stable zone. This structure significantly reduces the transmission of tension disturbances generated during the unwinding and winding processes to the welding point, providing a constant tension environment for the welding process. This helps improve the stability of welding quality, making it particularly suitable for the production of small-sized battery cells.

[0015] In one embodiment, the electrode feeding mechanism further includes a first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component and an electrode roll diameter detection component; the electrode roll diameter detection component is used to detect the roll diameter of the electrode roll film carried by the electrode unwinding component; the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component is located downstream of the electrode unwinding component and upstream of the upper tension isolation component, and is used to convey the electrode and is configured to swing to adjust the electrode tension; the upper tension isolation component, the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component and the electrode roll diameter detection component are communicatively connected and are used to adjust the angular velocity of electrode unwinding based on the electrode traction force sensed by the upper tension isolation component, the swing compensation value sensed by the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component and the electrode roll diameter value sensed by the electrode roll diameter detection component, so as to maintain the electrode tension.

[0016] Understandably, a tension closed-loop control system is constructed through the communication connection between the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component (such as a oscillating roller), the electrode roll diameter detection component, and the upper tension isolation component. Specifically, the electrode roll diameter value sensed by the electrode roll diameter detection component serves as a feedforward control variable, used to estimate the base speed required by the unwinding motor; the oscillation compensation value sensed by the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component serves as real-time feedback, used to quickly respond to instantaneous tension fluctuations; and the electrode traction force sensed by the upper tension isolation component serves as the system's primary target value. By comprehensively adjusting the angular velocity of the electrode unwinding using these three parameters, the system can compensate for tension changes caused by roll diameter reduction and equipment start-up and shutdown more quickly and accurately than a system relying solely on feedback from a single sensor, thus providing a more stable incoming tension for the upper tension isolation component.

[0017] In one embodiment, the electrode feeding mechanism further includes a second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component. The second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component is located downstream of the upper tension isolation component and upstream of the confluence area of ​​the electrode and foil. It is used to convey the electrode and is configured to swing to adjust the electrode tension. The middle tension isolation component, the upper tension isolation component, and the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component are communicatively connected. The middle tension isolation component adjusts the traction force of the upper tension isolation component on the electrode based on the electrode traction force sensed by the middle tension isolation component and the swing compensation value sensed by the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component to maintain the electrode tension.

[0018] Understandably, by adding a second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component and establishing communication connections between it and the upper and middle tension isolation components, another level of tension closed-loop control system is constructed to control the tension in the welding core area (i.e., between the upper and middle tension isolation components). The second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component can detect minute tension fluctuations in this area in real time and feed them back to the upper tension isolation component, enabling it to dynamically fine-tune the traction force on the electrode. This achieves more precise and direct adjustment of the tension in the welding core area, further improving the tension constancy during the welding process.

[0019] In one embodiment, an electrode unwinding and correction assembly is located upstream of the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment assembly. This assembly senses the edge position of the electrode and is communicatively connected to the electrode unwinding assembly. Based on the edge position sensed by the assembly, it adjusts the axial displacement of the drive roller of the electrode unwinding assembly along the electrode width direction to adjust the lateral orientation of the electrode. The electrode feeding mechanism also includes an electrode feeding and correction assembly located downstream of the upper tension isolation assembly and upstream of the confluence area of ​​the electrode and foil. This assembly includes a communicating electrode travel correction device and an electrode correction probe. The electrode correction probe senses the edge position of the electrode, and the electrode travel correction device winds the electrode onto it and adjusts its lateral orientation.

[0020] Understandably, the electrode unwinding and correction assembly adjusts the overall position of the electrode roll at the material source to compensate for any large-scale deviations that may exist in the roll itself. The electrode feeding and correction assembly (i.e., the traveling correction device) is located downstream, closer to the welding station, to correct accumulated deviations or minor misalignments that occur after the electrode has traveled a long distance. This multi-layered correction system significantly improves the response range and final accuracy of the correction, meeting the high-precision requirements of small-size battery cell production.

[0021] In one embodiment, a foil correction component is located downstream of the foil unwinding component. The foil correction component senses the edge position of the foil and is communicatively connected to the foil unwinding component. Based on the edge position sensed by the foil correction component, it adjusts the axial displacement of the drive roller of the foil unwinding component along the foil width direction to adjust the lateral orientation of the foil. A pre-welding visual inspection component is located downstream of the foil correction component and is communicatively connected to the foil unwinding component. Based on the stacked image information of the electrode and foil acquired by the pre-welding visual inspection component, it adjusts the axial displacement of the drive roller of the foil unwinding component along the foil width direction to adjust the lateral orientation of the foil.

[0022] Understandably, on the one hand, the foil correction component senses the foil edge itself and performs initial correction on the foil's position. On the other hand, the stacked image information of the electrode and foil obtained by the pre-welding visual inspection component is used to compare the position of the foil with that of the electrode, and the deviation is fed back to the foil unwinding component for fine-tuning. This allows the foil to accurately follow the real-time position of the electrode, thereby ensuring the relative positional accuracy of the electrode and foil when entering the welding head.

[0023] In one embodiment, the plurality of visual inspection components further includes a solder mark visual inspection component, a solder mark light transmittance inspection component, and a coating visual inspection component. The solder mark visual inspection component is located downstream of the roll welding mechanism and is used to acquire solder mark image information to at least determine whether the size, shape, and appearance of the solder mark are normal; the solder mark light transmittance inspection component is located downstream of the solder mark visual inspection component and is used to acquire solder mark light transmittance information to determine whether there is damage in the solder mark area; the coating visual inspection component is located between the solder mark visual inspection component and the solder mark light transmittance inspection component and is used to acquire image information of the active material layer coated on the electrode to determine whether there is damage in the active material layer.

[0024] Understandably, the weld mark visual inspection component focuses on the external morphology of the weld; the weld mark light transmission inspection component identifies internal structural defects such as burn-through and incomplete welds by detecting light transmission; and the coating visual inspection component is used to monitor whether the welding process has damaged the active material layer. This enables the equipment to perform a comprehensive assessment of welding quality, improving the defect detection rate. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the welding equipment for composite current collector electrode and foil provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a partial planar schematic diagram of the welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foil provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion corresponding to region III.

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the corresponding IV region.

[0029] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the corresponding V region.

[0030] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the corresponding VI area.

[0031] Figure 7This is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the welding equipment for the composite current collector electrode and foil provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0032] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of the corresponding VIII region.

[0033] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of the corresponding IX region.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram from another angle of the welding equipment for composite current collector electrode and foil provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of the corresponding XI region.

[0036] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of the corresponding XII region.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the precision analysis of the welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foil provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 10. Housing; 11. Roll welding mechanism; 111. Ultrasonic pressure welding assembly; 1111. Welding head; 112. Roll forming assembly;

[0040] 12. Electrode feeding mechanism; 121. Electrode unwinding assembly; 1210. Electrode roll base; 122. Electrode unwinding correction assembly; 124. First electrode unwinding tension adjustment assembly; 125. Electrode roll diameter detection assembly; 126. Second electrode unwinding tension adjustment assembly; 127. Electrode feeding tension sensor; 128. Electrode feeding correction assembly; 1281. Electrode travel correction device; 1282. Electrode correction probe;

[0041] 13. Foil feeding mechanism; 131. Foil unwinding assembly; 1310. Foil adjusting base; 132. Foil deviation correction assembly; 133. Foil tension adjustment assembly; 134. Foil roll diameter detection assembly; 135. Foil feeding tension sensor;

[0042] 14. Visual inspection mechanism; 140. Visual inspection components; 1401. CCD camera; 1402. Light source; 141. Pre-welding visual inspection components; 142. Feedback visual inspection components; 143. Solder mark visual inspection components; 144. Solder mark light transmission inspection components; 145. Coating visual inspection components;

[0043] 15. Guiding mechanism; 150. Guide roller; 151. First guide roller group; 152. Second guide roller group; 153. Third guide roller group; 154. Fourth guide roller group;

[0044] 16. Tension adjustment mechanism; 161. Middle section tension isolation assembly; 162. Upper section tension isolation assembly;

[0045] 17. Labeling mechanism; 18. Cleaning mechanism;

[0046] 19. Winding mechanism; 191. Winding assembly; 192. Winding roll diameter detection assembly; 193. Winding tension adjustment assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 13 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of this application, but are not limited thereto. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the embodiments of this application without creative effort are also within the protection scope of this application.

[0049] Further integration Figures 1 to 12As shown, this application embodiment provides a welding device for composite current collector electrode and foil, used to weld foil to both sides of the edge region of the composite current collector electrode. The welding device for composite current collector electrode and foil includes a housing 10, and a roller welding mechanism 11, an electrode feeding mechanism 12, two foil feeding mechanisms 13, and a vision inspection mechanism 14 disposed inside the housing 10. The roller welding mechanism 11 includes an ultrasonic pressure welding assembly 111, used to weld the current collector of the electrode and the foil stacked on both sides of the electrode. The welding head 1111 of the ultrasonic pressure welding assembly 111 is configured to be fixed in position during the welding process. The electrode feeding mechanism 12 includes an electrode unwinding assembly 121 and an electrode unwinding correction assembly 122. The electrode unwinding assembly 121 is used to carry the electrode roll film and unwind the electrode by rotation. The electrode unwinding correction assembly 122 is located downstream of the electrode unwinding assembly 121 and is used to cooperate with the electrode unwinding assembly 121 to achieve lateral correction of the unwound electrode, so that the current collector edge area of ​​the electrode used for lamination and welding with foil corresponds to the welding head 1111 of the ultrasonic pressure welding assembly 111. Two foil feeding mechanisms 13 are used to unwind foil located on both sides of the electrode sheet respectively. The foil feeding mechanism 13 includes a foil unwinding assembly 131 and a foil correction assembly 132. The foil unwinding assembly 131 is used to carry the foil roll film and unwind the foil by rotation. The foil correction assembly 132 is located downstream of the foil unwinding assembly 131 and is used to cooperate with the foil unwinding assembly 131 to achieve lateral correction of the unwound foil so that the foil is positioned at the current collector edge area of ​​the electrode sheet. The visual inspection mechanism 14 includes several visual inspection components 140, which include at least a pre-welding visual inspection component 141 and a feedback visual inspection component 142. The pre-welding visual inspection component 141 is located between the confluence area of ​​the electrode sheet and foil and the roll welding mechanism 11. It is used to acquire stacking image information of the stacked electrode sheet and foil and feed back the stacking image information to the electrode sheet unwinding component 121 and / or the foil unwinding component 131 for lateral correction of the electrode sheet and / or foil. The feedback visual inspection component 142 is located downstream of the roll welding mechanism 11 and is used to acquire the weld mark image information of the welded electrode sheet and foil and determine whether the lateral correction meets the standard.

[0050] In this context, fixing the position of the welding head 1111 means that the welding head 1111 is constructed such that its axis of rotation is fixed relative to the frame during the welding process, rather than meaning that the welding head 1111 cannot have any degree of freedom of movement (e.g., rotation around an axis).

[0051] Understandably, by fixing the position of the welding head 1111, a fixed physical reference is established for the welding process, changing the situation where the correction target is unclear in traditional equipment. The position of the welding head 1111 basically corresponds to the preset welding area on the electrode. The boundary of the preset welding (especially the boundary near the active material layer) is used as a virtual reference, and the positions of the electrode and foil are corrected and the tension is adjusted based on this virtual reference, so that it can be used for high-precision roll welding production of small-sized cells for digital products. Furthermore, the electrode unwinding correction component 122 is set in the electrode feeding mechanism 12 and the foil correction component 132 is set in the foil feeding mechanism 13, which can perform preliminary correction of the deviation of the coil itself at the source of material transportation. Based on this, a pre-welding visual inspection component 141 is installed before the welding station to acquire real-time stacking image information of the electrode sheet and foil, and feeds this information back to the electrode sheet unwinding component 121 and / or the foil unwinding component 131, forming a closed-loop control system. This system can detect the cumulative deviation of the material after long-distance transmission and dynamically adjust the feeding mechanism accordingly, so that the material actively aligns with the aforementioned fixed welding head 1111 reference, effectively addressing the deviation problem caused by medium-to-long-distance open-loop transmission. Furthermore, by setting up the feedback visual inspection component 142, the actual effect of the aforementioned closed-loop deviation correction system is verified, further improving the alignment accuracy of the electrode sheet and foil, and ensuring the welding alignment accuracy of small-sized cells.

[0052] In this embodiment, the welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils uses a PLC as the main controller. The overall size of the equipment is approximately 5800mm×2000mm×2500mm, and the designed operating speed can reach more than 20m / min to meet the needs of high-efficiency production.

[0053] In one embodiment, the welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils further includes a guiding mechanism 15. The guiding mechanism 15 includes a plurality of guide rollers 150, which are divided into a first guide roller group 151, a second guide roller group 152, a third guide roller group 153, and a fourth guide roller group 154. The first guide roller group 151 is used to guide the electrode, the second guide roller group 152 is used to guide the foil pre-positioned on one side of the electrode, the third guide roller group 153 is used to guide the foil pre-positioned on the other side of the electrode, and the fourth guide roller group 154 ​​is used to guide the stacked electrode and foil. At least one pre-welding visual inspection component 141 is positioned toward the guide roller 150 at the junction of the first guide roller group 151 and the second guide roller group 152, and is used to acquire stacked image information of the electrode and the foil pre-positioned on one side of the electrode. At least one other pre-welding visual inspection component 141 is positioned toward the guide roller 150 at the junction of the third guide roller group 153 and the fourth guide roller group 154, for acquiring stacked image information of the electrode sheet and the foil material to be placed on the other side of the electrode sheet.

[0054] In this embodiment, after the electrode sheet is led out from the electrode sheet feeding mechanism 12, it is sequentially wound around multiple guide rollers 150 of the first guide roller group 151, forming a stable conveying path. The foils on both sides are also guided by the second guide roller group 152 and the third guide roller group 153, respectively. A guide roller 150 at the end of the first guide roller group 151 is spatially shared or adjacent to a guide roller 150 at the end of the second guide roller group 152, forming the first confluence point. The electrode sheet and the foil on one side are first stacked and wound together on the guide roller 150 here. The stacked material continues to travel and merges with the guide roller 150 at the end of the third guide roller group 153, forming the second confluence point, and is stacked with the foil on the other side. The camera and light source of the pre-welding visual inspection component 141 are installed at the position of the guide rollers 150 directly opposite these two confluence points to ensure that the most accurate relative position information can be captured at the moment the material is stacked.

[0055] In this embodiment, to reduce the impact of roller inertia on tension fluctuations, the guide roller 150 used to guide the electrode substrate is made of carbon fiber, while the guide roller 150 used to guide the metal foil is made of aluminum alloy. The radial runout of all guide rollers 150 is controlled within 0.03 mm to minimize tension interference caused by insufficient mechanical precision.

[0056] Understandably, positioning the pre-welding vision inspection component 141 towards the guide roller 150 utilizes the physical support of the guide roller 150 on the flexible film material, providing a stable and flat imaging plane for vision inspection. Compared to inspection in a suspended area, acquiring images at the guide roller 150 can suppress material vibrations caused by tension fluctuations or airflow disturbances, improving the signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy of the stacked image information acquired by the vision system, and providing more reliable input data for the closed-loop correction control system.

[0057] In one embodiment, two foil feeding mechanisms 13 are respectively located on both sides of the electrode feeding mechanism 12, and both the electrode feeding mechanism 12 and the foil feeding mechanism 13 are located upstream of the roll welding mechanism 11.

[0058] In this embodiment, from the perspective of the overall equipment layout, the electrode feeding mechanism 12 is located on the central axis of the equipment, and the unwound electrode sheets are conveyed to the roller welding mechanism 11 along the central line. The two foil feeding mechanisms 13 are symmetrically installed on the upper and lower sides of the central axis. The unwound foil sheets of each mechanism pass through their respective guide rollers 150 sets from the side path and finally converge towards the center, overlapping with the current collector of the moving electrode sheets.

[0059] Understandably, placing the two foil feeding mechanisms 13 on opposite sides of the electrode feeding mechanism 12 creates a symmetrical layout that makes the path length of the foil from unwinding to the convergence area on both sides nearly identical, which helps simplify the symmetrical design of tension control and correction algorithms. Furthermore, compared to a series or single-sided layout, the symmetrical arrangement of the two foil feeding mechanisms 13 is more compact, which can reduce the equipment footprint to some extent and further adapt to the requirements of small-size battery cell production environments.

[0060] In one embodiment, at least one feedback visual inspection component 142 is positioned toward a first guide roller 150 located downstream of the ultrasonic welding assembly 111, for acquiring weld mark image information on one side of the welded electrode and foil. At least another feedback visual inspection component 142 is positioned toward a second guide roller 150 located downstream of the ultrasonic welding assembly 111, for acquiring weld mark image information on the other side of the welded electrode and foil.

[0061] In this embodiment, after the welded finished strip is drawn out from the ultrasonic welding assembly 111, it is immediately wound onto a guide roller 150. A first feedback visual inspection assembly 142 is installed here to detect weld marks on one side of the finished strip. Subsequently, the strip may pass through one or more guide rollers 150. At one of the deflecting guide rollers 150, a second feedback visual inspection assembly 142 is installed to detect weld marks on the other side of the strip. These two guide rollers 150 provide stable support for post-weld inspection, and their position close to the welding point allows for near real-time feedback on welding quality.

[0062] Understandably, similar to the principle of pre-weld inspection, the guide roller 150 provides physical support for the finished welded product, offering a stable imaging background for acquiring weld stamp images. This helps obtain clear, shaky weld stamp images, thereby improving the ability to accurately determine quality parameters such as weld stamp position and morphology.

[0063] In one embodiment, the pre-soldering visual inspection component 141 and the feedback visual inspection component 142 for detecting foil located on the same side of the electrode are located on the same side as the foil feeding mechanism 13 for unwinding the foil; the pre-soldering visual inspection component 141 and the feedback visual inspection component 142 for detecting foil located on the other side of the electrode are located on the same side as the foil feeding mechanism 13 for unwinding the foil.

[0064] Understandably, arranging the foil feeding mechanism 13, the pre-welding visual inspection component 141, and the feedback visual inspection component 142 on the same side makes the routing paths of control signals and power cables more direct and shorter, reducing wiring complexity and potential signal interference. It also makes it easier to operate when installing, debugging, and maintaining one side of the equipment by concentrating the relevant components.

[0065] In one embodiment, a pre-welding visual inspection component 141 is located upstream of another pre-welding visual inspection component 141, and a feedback visual inspection component 142 is located upstream of another feedback visual inspection component 142; the pre-welding visual inspection component 141 and the feedback visual inspection component 142 used to detect the electrode on the same side are located on the same side along the electrode and foil conveying direction, respectively.

[0066] In this embodiment, the pre-welding visual inspection component 141 on the upper side is installed closer to the unwinding end (i.e., upstream) than the pre-welding visual inspection component 141 on the lower side. Correspondingly, the feedback visual inspection component 142 on the upper side is also closer to the welding point (i.e., upstream) than the feedback visual inspection component 142 on the lower side. Furthermore, both the pre-welding visual inspection component 141 and the feedback visual inspection component 142 on the upper side are located on the upper side of the material conveyor belt, while both the pre-welding visual inspection component 141 and the feedback visual inspection component 142 on the lower side are located on the lower side of the material conveyor belt.

[0067] Understandably, staggering the pre-weld visual inspection components 141 and feedback visual inspection components 142 on both sides along the conveying direction physically avoids interference from the installation space of devices such as cameras and light sources. Simultaneously, placing the pre-weld visual inspection components 141 and feedback visual inspection components 142 inspecting the same side on the same side of the conveying direction ensures the continuity of the inspection logic for the same weld, facilitating operators to observe and track the entire process of a weld on one side from pre-weld alignment to post-weld formation.

[0068] In one embodiment, the distance between the pre-welding visual inspection component 141 and the feedback visual inspection component 142, which are located on the same side of the electrode, is equal to the distance between the pre-welding visual inspection component 141 and the feedback visual inspection component 142, which are located on the other side of the electrode.

[0069] Understandably, the feature that makes the distance between the pre-weld visual inspection components 141 and the feedback visual inspection components 142 on both sides equal ensures that the distance traveled by the material on both sides from the welding point to the post-weld inspection point is the same. At a stable belt speed, the time delay of the weld marks reaching the inspection point on both sides is the same. Based on this, the algorithm design in the control system is simplified, which helps to improve the system's response consistency.

[0070] In one embodiment, the visual inspection assembly 140 includes at least one CCD camera 1401 and at least one light source 1402. Both the CCD camera 1401 and the light source 1402 are disposed toward the corresponding guide roller 150. The optical path of the CCD camera 1401 is configured to point toward the center of the corresponding guide roller 150. The optical paths of the CCD camera 1401 and the light source 1402 in each set of visual inspection assemblies 140 are configured to be disposed at an angle.

[0071] In this embodiment, each vision inspection component 140 includes an industrial high-speed CCD camera 1401 and a strip LED light source 1402. They are fixed near the guide roller 150 by an adjustable bracket. The lens axis of the CCD camera 1401 is adjusted so that its extension passes through the rotation axis of the guide roller 150 directly opposite it. The light source 1402 is mounted on one side of the camera, with its light emission direction forming an angle of approximately 30 to 60 degrees with the lens axis of the camera. The light shines obliquely onto the material on the surface of the guide roller 150, thereby producing a clear contrast of light and shadow at the edges of the material.

[0072] In this embodiment, the visual inspection component 140 uses a CCD camera 1401 with a resolution of not less than 0.03mm and a field of view of not less than 60mm to ensure the ability to capture minute deviations and compatibility with larger ranges of offsets that may occur in production.

[0073] Understandably, the optical path of the CCD camera 1401 is directed towards the center of the guide roller 150. This shooting angle, perpendicular to the tangent of the roller surface, reduces image perspective distortion caused by the curvature of the roller surface. Furthermore, the optical path of the CCD camera 1401 is angled to the optical path of the light source 1402, employing side illumination rather than vertical illumination. This generates stronger shadows and highlights at the material edges, resulting in a high-contrast outline in the image. The combination of the CCD camera 1401 and the light source 1402 helps the vision algorithm more accurately and stably identify the edge positions of the electrode sheets and foils, thereby improving the control accuracy of the entire web correction system.

[0074] In one embodiment, the welding equipment for the composite current collector electrode and foil further includes a tension adjustment mechanism 16, which includes a middle tension isolation component 161 and an upper tension isolation component 162. The middle tension isolation component 161 is located downstream of the ultrasonic pressure welding component 111 and is used to drive the electrode and foil in the welding connection state to move along the conveyor belt. The upper tension isolation component 162 is located downstream of the electrode feeding mechanism 12 and is used to drive the electrode to move along the conveyor belt.

[0075] In this embodiment, the upper tension isolation assembly 162 is specifically a set of active rollers and pressure rollers driven by servo motors, through which the electrode passes, and its linear velocity is precisely controlled. The upper tension isolation assembly 162 is installed between the electrode feeding mechanism 12 and the material confluence area. The middle tension isolation assembly 161 is also a set of active rollers and pressure rollers, installed downstream of the ultrasonic welding assembly 111 and after all feedback visual inspection assemblies 142. As the main traction power source for the middle section of the entire equipment, the set linear velocity of the middle tension isolation assembly 161 determines the production speed.

[0076] It should be explained that "tension interruption" does not mean that the tension stops at this point or that the tension continuity before and after is completely broken. Rather, it means that tension fluctuations caused by factors such as unwinding and bouncing are isolated as much as possible through active driving.

[0077] Understandably, the upper tension isolation component 162 isolates the electrode unwinding component 121 (whose tension fluctuates with changes in roll diameter) from the subsequent welding area. Simultaneously, the middle tension isolation component 161 isolates the welding area from the rear winding mechanism 19 (whose tension also fluctuates). Through the installation of these two tension isolation components, a relatively stable tension region is created in the middle of the equipment, allowing the ultrasonic pressure welding component 111 to operate within this stable region. This structure significantly reduces the transmission of tension disturbances generated during the unwinding and winding processes to the welding point, providing a constant tension environment for the welding process, which helps improve the stability of welding quality, and is particularly suitable for the production of small-size battery cells.

[0078] In one embodiment, both the middle tension isolation assembly 161 and the upper tension isolation assembly 162 are active roller structures.

[0079] In this embodiment, the upper tension isolation assembly 162 and the middle tension isolation assembly 161 have similar structures, both including a rubber-coated drive roller and a pneumatically controlled pressure roller. The drive roller is connected and driven by a high-precision servo motor via a synchronous belt, while the pressure roller applies pressure via a cylinder, pressing the material tightly onto the drive roller. Precise speed control and tension establishment of the material are achieved through friction, thereby realizing active tension isolation and control.

[0080] Understandably, setting the middle tension isolation component 161 and the upper tension isolation component 162 as active roller structures can not only isolate tension, but also precisely control its linear speed, thereby establishing and maintaining the tension value in the downstream area at a high precision, improving the accuracy and response speed of tension adjustment.

[0081] In one embodiment, the roll welding mechanism 11 further includes a roll forming component 112, which is located downstream of the intermediate tension isolation component 161 and is used for roll forming the electrode sheet and foil connected by roll forming, so as to roll form the welded joint of the electrode sheet and foil.

[0082] In this embodiment, the roll forming assembly 112 consists of a pair of steel rollers driven by a servo motor, one of which is a power roller and the other is a flattening roller. The pressure between the two rollers can be precisely adjusted using a pressure regulating cylinder and a position adjusting screw, with an adjustable range from 0N to 500N. The welded finished strip passes between these metal rollers, and its weld area undergoes precise cold pressing to achieve uniform thickness and a smooth surface.

[0083] Understandably, this solution addresses the safety hazards that may arise from solder joint protrusions or burrs by adding a roll forming component 112. Positioned downstream of the intermediate tension isolation component 161, the roll forming component 112 effectively eliminates or reduces microscopic protrusions generated during welding by physically rolling the solder joint area, resulting in a smoother weld surface. This helps reduce the risk of puncturing the separator during subsequent winding or stacking processes, thereby improving the safety of the battery cell.

[0084] In one embodiment, the feedback visual inspection component 142 is disposed between the ultrasonic pressure welding component 111 and the mid-section tension isolation component 161.

[0085] In this embodiment, the welding is first completed by the ultrasonic pressure welding assembly 111, and then the quality is inspected by one or more guide rollers 150 equipped with feedback visual inspection assemblies 142 before entering the middle tension isolation assembly 161.

[0086] Understandably, the feedback visual inspection component 142 is positioned between the ultrasonic welding component 111 and the mid-section tension isolation component 161, i.e., within the aforementioned area where the tension is relatively stable. Inspection at this location ensures that the acquisition of the weld image is not affected by tension fluctuations in the downstream winding mechanism 19. This allows the inspection results to more accurately reflect the quality state at the moment the welding process is completed, eliminating interference from subsequent processes and improving the reliability of the quality inspection data.

[0087] In one embodiment, the electrode feeding mechanism 12 further includes a first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 124 and an electrode roll diameter detection component 125. The electrode roll diameter detection component 125 is used to detect the roll diameter of the electrode film carried by the electrode unwinding component 121; the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 124 is located downstream of the electrode unwinding component 121 and upstream of the upper tension isolation component 162, and is used to convey the electrode and is configured to swing to adjust the electrode tension. The upper tension isolation component 162, the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 124, and the electrode roll diameter detection component 125 are communicatively connected and are used to adjust the angular velocity of electrode unwinding based on the electrode traction force sensed by the upper tension isolation component 162, the swing compensation value sensed by the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 124, and the electrode roll diameter value sensed by the electrode roll diameter detection component 125, so as to maintain the electrode tension.

[0088] In this embodiment, the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment assembly 124 is a typical oscillating roller mechanism, consisting of a set of rollers that can oscillate around an axis, with an angle sensor connected to the oscillating arm. The electrode roll diameter detection assembly 125 is an ultrasonic sensor or a laser rangefinder sensor, installed on the side of the electrode unwinding assembly 121, to measure the radius of the roll in real time. These sensors, along with the servo driver of the electrode unwinding assembly 121 and the servo driver of the upper tension isolation assembly 162, are connected to a central motion controller to achieve closed-loop control.

[0089] In this embodiment, the tension adjustment range of the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 124 is 5N to 70N. During stable operation, the tension fluctuation can be controlled within ±3N of the set value. During the start-up and shutdown phases, the tension fluctuation is less than ±5N of the set value.

[0090] Understandably, a tension closed-loop control system is constructed through the communication connection between the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 124 (such as a swing roller), the electrode roll diameter detection component 125, and the upper tension isolation component 162. Specifically, the electrode roll diameter value sensed by the electrode roll diameter detection component 125 serves as a feedforward control quantity, used to estimate the base speed required by the unwinding motor; the swing compensation value sensed by the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 124 serves as real-time feedback, used to quickly respond to instantaneous tension fluctuations; and the electrode traction force sensed by the upper tension isolation component 162 serves as the system's primary target value. By integrating these three parameters to adjust the electrode unwinding angular velocity, it is possible to compensate for tension changes caused by roll diameter reduction and equipment start-up and shutdown more quickly and accurately than a system relying solely on feedback from a single sensor, thereby providing a more stable incoming tension for the upper tension isolation component 162.

[0091] In one embodiment, the electrode feeding mechanism 12 further includes a second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 126. The second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 126 is located downstream of the upper tension isolation component 162 and upstream of the confluence area of ​​the electrode and foil. It is used to convey the electrode and is configured to oscillate to adjust the electrode tension. The middle tension isolation component 161, the upper tension isolation component 162, and the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 126 are communicatively connected to adjust the traction force of the upper tension isolation component 162 on the electrode based on the electrode traction force sensed by the middle tension isolation component 161 and the oscillation compensation value sensed by the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 126, thereby maintaining the electrode tension.

[0092] In this embodiment, the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 126 can have the same mechanism and working principle as the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 124. The second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 126 is installed in the welding stability zone, that is, between the upper tension isolation component 162 and the ultrasonic pressure welding component 111. The angle sensor signal connected to the swing arm of the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 126 is directly fed back to the servo driver of the upper tension isolation component 162 for fine-tuning its rotation speed. In this way, the middle tension isolation component 161 sets the reference speed, the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 126 detects the real-time tension in the welding zone, and the upper tension isolation component 162 dynamically adjusts the feeding speed according to this feedback, forming a high-precision local tension closed loop.

[0093] Understandably, by adding a second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 126 and establishing a communication connection between it and the upper tension isolation component 162 and the middle tension isolation component 161, another level of tension closed-loop control system is constructed to control the tension in the welding core area (i.e., between the upper and middle tension isolation components 161). The second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component 126 can detect minute tension fluctuations in this area in real time and feed them back to the upper tension isolation component 162, enabling it to dynamically fine-tune the traction force on the electrode. This achieves more precise and direct adjustment of the tension in the welding core area, further improving the tension constancy during the welding process.

[0094] In one embodiment, the electrode feeding mechanism 12 further includes an electrode feeding tension sensor 127, which is located downstream of the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment assembly 126 and upstream of the confluence area of ​​the electrode and foil. The electrode feeding tension sensor 127 is used to wind the electrode onto it to guide the electrode and sense the tension of the electrode. The electrode feeding tension sensor 127 is at least communicatively connected to the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment assembly 126.

[0095] In this embodiment, the electrode feed tension sensor 127 is a guide roller 150 with a built-in pressure sensor, installed immediately before the first material confluence point. The electrode is wound around the sensor roller at a certain wrap angle before entering the confluence point. The sensor measures the pressure applied by the electrode to the roller in real time and converts it into a precise tension signal. This signal is transmitted to the motion controller as a supplement or replacement for the oscillation compensation signal of the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment assembly 126, providing a more direct measurement basis for the tension closed-loop.

[0096] Understandably, by adding an electrode feed tension sensor 127 upstream of the welding confluence area, this solution provides a high-precision feedback signal source for the aforementioned tension closed-loop control system at another level. The pressure sensor can directly measure the actual tension value of the electrode, which helps the system to accurately respond to and compensate for the tension state just before welding.

[0097] In one embodiment, the electrode unwinding correction assembly 122 is located upstream of the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment assembly 124. The electrode unwinding correction assembly 122 is used to sense the edge position of the electrode. The electrode unwinding correction assembly 122 is communicatively connected to the electrode unwinding assembly 121 and is used to adjust the axial displacement of the active roller of the electrode unwinding assembly 121 along the electrode width direction based on the edge position of the electrode sensed by the electrode unwinding correction assembly 122, so as to adjust the lateral posture of the electrode. The electrode feeding mechanism 12 also includes an electrode feeding correction component 128. The electrode feeding correction component 128 is located downstream of the upper tension isolation component 162 and upstream of the confluence area of ​​the electrode and foil. The electrode feeding correction component 128 includes an electrode travel correction device 1281 and an electrode correction probe 1282 connected by communication. The electrode correction probe 1282 is used to sense the edge position of the electrode, and the electrode travel correction device 1281 is used to wind the electrode on it and adjust the lateral posture of the electrode.

[0098] In this embodiment, the electrode unwinding correction assembly 122 is implemented through an edge sensor (such as an infrared or ultrasonic probe) installed at the exit of the electrode unwinding assembly 121. After the sensor detects an offset in the electrode edge position, it controls the entire electrode roll base 1210 of the electrode unwinding assembly 121 to move laterally via a linear motion mechanism such as a linear motor or cylinder, thereby achieving source correction. This correction actuator can provide an overall correction stroke of not less than ±50mm, and the correction accuracy can reach ±0.1mm.

[0099] In this embodiment, the electrode feeding correction assembly 128 is an independent module, consisting of a swingable frame and guide rollers 150 mounted on the frame. The electrode correction probe 1282 detects the positional deviation of the electrode before it enters the welding area. The controller drives the swing frame to rotate at a small angle, quickly correcting the electrode position by changing the material conveying angle. Specifically, the electrode feeding correction assembly 128 can be a fully automatic EPC correction device, whose correction probe can be adjusted in position via an adjustment mechanism. The correction stroke is ±10mm, and the accuracy is also ±0.1mm. The correction reference can be switched between edge-following mode and line-following mode according to process requirements.

[0100] Understandably, the electrode unwinding correction assembly 122 adjusts the overall position of the electrode roll at the material source to compensate for any large-scale deviations that may exist in the roll itself. Meanwhile, the electrode feeding correction assembly 128 (i.e., the traveling correction device) is positioned further downstream of the welding station to correct accumulated deviations or minor misalignments that occur after the electrode has traveled a long distance. This forms a multi-layered correction system, significantly improving the response range and final accuracy of the correction, thus meeting the high-precision requirements of small-size battery cell production.

[0101] In one embodiment, a foil correction component 132 is located downstream of the foil unwinding component 131. The foil correction component 132 is used to sense the edge position of the foil. The foil correction component 132 is communicatively connected to the foil unwinding component 131 and is used to adjust the axial displacement of the drive roller of the foil unwinding component 131 along the width direction of the foil based on the edge position of the foil sensed by the foil correction component 132, so as to adjust the lateral posture of the foil. A pre-soldering visual inspection component 141 is located downstream of the foil correction component 132. The pre-soldering visual inspection component 141 is communicatively connected to the foil unwinding component 131 and is used to adjust the axial displacement of the drive roller of the foil unwinding component 131 along the width direction of the foil based on the stacked image information of the electrode and foil acquired by the pre-soldering visual inspection component 141, so as to adjust the lateral posture of the foil.

[0102] In this embodiment, the foil web guiding control is a dual closed-loop system. The first closed loop consists of a foil web guiding component 132 (edge ​​sensor) and a foil unwinding component 131, used to ensure the stability of the foil's own conveyor path, with a guiding stroke of ±25mm. The second closed loop introduces a pre-welding visual inspection component 141; the pre-welding visual inspection component 141 can detect the relative position of the foil edge and the electrode edge. The deviation signal of this relative position will cover or correct the signal of the first closed loop, directly instructing the foil adjusting base 1310 of the foil unwinding component 131 (which may include a linear motion mechanism such as a linear motor or cylinder) to control the active roller to perform lateral adjustment, with a guiding stroke of ±25mm as well.

[0103] Understandably, on the one hand, the foil correction component 132 senses the edge of the foil itself and performs preliminary correction on the foil's position. On the other hand, using the stacked image information of the electrode and foil acquired by the pre-welding visual inspection component 141, the position of the foil is compared with the position of the electrode, and the deviation is fed back to the foil unwinding component 131 for fine-tuning. This enables the foil to accurately follow the real-time position of the electrode, thereby ensuring the relative positional accuracy of the electrode and foil when entering the welding head 1111.

[0104] In one embodiment, the foil feeding mechanism 13 further includes a foil tension adjustment component 133 and a foil roll diameter detection component 134. The foil roll diameter detection component 134 is used to detect the roll diameter of the foil film carried by the foil unwinding component 131; the foil tension adjustment component 133 is located downstream of the foil unwinding component 131, used to convey the foil, and is configured to swing to adjust the foil tension. The mid-section tension isolation component 161, the foil tension adjustment component 133, and the foil roll diameter detection component 134 are communicatively connected and used to adjust the angular velocity of foil unwinding based on the electrode traction force sensed by the mid-section tension isolation component 161, the swing compensation value sensed by the foil tension adjustment component 133, and the foil roll diameter value sensed by the foil roll diameter detection component 134, so as to maintain the foil tension.

[0105] In this embodiment, each foil feeding mechanism 13 is equipped with tension control hardware similar to that of the electrode feeding mechanism 12. The foil tension adjustment component 133 is also a miniaturized oscillating roller mechanism, and the foil roll diameter detection component 134 is also an ultrasonic or laser sensor. Their signals, together with the speed signal of the mid-section tension isolation component 161, are input to the controller to dynamically adjust the rotational speed of the unwinding servo motor of the corresponding foil unwinding component 131, ensuring that the foils on both sides have stable and matched tension when entering the confluence zone.

[0106] Understandably, by also equipping the foil feeding mechanism 13 with a tension closed-loop control system consisting of a foil tension adjustment component 133 and a foil roll diameter detection component 134, the tension of the foil during the conveying process is ensured to be precisely controlled. This allows the foil and electrode to enter the welding zone with a matching and stable tension, avoiding relative slippage or wrinkling between materials due to tension differences, and helping to ensure the stability of the stacked state of the three layers of material during welding.

[0107] In one embodiment, the foil feeding mechanism 13 further includes a foil feeding tension sensor 135, which is located downstream of the foil tension adjustment assembly 133 and upstream of the confluence area of ​​the electrode and the foil. The foil feeding tension sensor 135 is used to wind the foil onto itself, guide the foil, and sense the tension of the foil; the foil feeding tension sensor 135 is at least communicatively connected to the foil tension adjustment assembly 133.

[0108] In this embodiment, the last guide roller 150 of the foil on each side before entering the confluence area is designed as a foil feed tension sensor 135 roller. Similar in structure to the electrode feed tension sensor 127, it provides a direct tension measurement value instantaneously before the foil and electrode are stacked. This measurement value is used to further finely adjust the rotational speed of the foil unwinding assembly 131, achieving the same level of precision tension control as the electrode.

[0109] Understandably, by adding a foil feeding tension sensor 135 and placing it closest to the confluence area, this solution provides accurate feedback data for foil tension control. This allows the foil's tension state before welding to be more sensitively sensed and adjusted, achieving a match in accuracy between foil tension control and electrode tension control.

[0110] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic pressure welding component 111 in the roller welding mechanism 11 can be replaced according to process requirements. For example, a welding machine with a working frequency of 50kHz and a maximum output power of 400W can be configured. The welding pressure is digitally adjusted via an electro-proportional valve, and the amplitude is adjustable. Both the welding head 1111 and the welding seat are equipped with dust removal ports to remove dust generated during the welding process. To accommodate welding of different polarities or materials, this equipment is designed with a quick-change welding machine structure. The mounting plate holes for welding wave generator components of different frequencies (such as 40kHz and 50kHz) are universal, and only the wave generator component and the corresponding electrical box need to be replaced. At the same time, the welding seat texture can also be quickly changed for different materials. The welding tensile force achieved by this equipment can reach above 0.5N / mm, and the welding internal resistance is not higher than 40mΩ (aluminum) or not higher than 20mΩ (copper).

[0111] In one embodiment, the plurality of visual inspection components 140 further include a solder mark visual inspection component 143, a solder mark light transmittance inspection component 144, and a coating visual inspection component 145. The solder mark visual inspection component 143 is located downstream of the roll welding mechanism 11 and is used to acquire solder mark image information to at least determine whether the size, shape, and appearance of the solder mark are normal; the solder mark light transmittance inspection component 144 is located downstream of the solder mark visual inspection component 143 and is used to acquire solder mark light transmittance information to determine whether there is damage in the solder mark area; the coating visual inspection component 145 is located between the solder mark visual inspection component 143 and the solder mark light transmittance inspection component 144 and is used to acquire image information of the active material layer coated on the electrode to determine whether there is damage in the active material layer.

[0112] In this embodiment, the weld mark visual inspection component 143 and the coating visual inspection component 145 use a high-resolution camera and a corresponding light source to capture surface images of the weld. The weld mark light transmission inspection component 144 includes a powerful backlight positioned below the strip and a camera positioned above it, used to detect whether light passes through the weld.

[0113] Understandably, the weld mark visual inspection component 143 focuses on the appearance and morphology of the weld; the weld mark light transmittance inspection component 144 identifies internal structural defects such as burn-through and incomplete welds by detecting light transmittance; and the coating visual inspection component 145 is used to monitor whether the welding process has damaged the active material layer. This enables the equipment to perform a comprehensive evaluation of welding quality and improves the defect detection rate.

[0114] In one embodiment, the CCD camera 1401 and the light source 1402 included in the soldering visual inspection component 143 and the coating visual inspection component 145 are respectively arranged facing the same side of the corresponding guide roller 150. The optical path of the CCD camera 1401 is configured to point towards the center of the corresponding guide roller 150. The optical paths of the CCD camera 1401 and the light source 1402 of each set of visual inspection components 140 are configured to be arranged at an angle. The CCD camera 1401 and the light source 1402 included in the soldering light transmission inspection component 144 are spaced apart on opposite sides of the electrode and foil to be soldered. The optical paths of the CCD camera 1401 and the light source 1402 are configured to be in the same straight line direction.

[0115] In this embodiment, the camera and light source 1402 of the soldering visual inspection component 143 and the coating visual inspection component 145 are both mounted above the guide roller 150, forming an inspection system. The light source 1402 (an LED flat panel light source) of the soldering light transmission inspection component 144 is mounted on the left side of the guide roller 150, close to the back of the strip, while the CCD camera 1401 is mounted on the right side of the strip, with its lens axis vertically aligned with the center of the light source, forming a transmission inspection system.

[0116] Understandably, for the soldering visual inspection component 143 and the coating visual inspection component 145, illumination is provided with the CCD camera 1401 and the light source 1402 both facing the same side of the corresponding guide roller 150, which is beneficial for capturing the surface texture and contour features of the object. For the soldering light transmission inspection component 144, however, a transmissive illumination method is used, with the CCD camera 1401 and the light source 1402 spaced apart on opposite sides of the welded electrode and foil. Light passes through the material and is captured by the camera to detect whether there are defects such as holes or cracks within the material that alter its light transmission. Through the aforementioned targeted optical design, the representation of various defect features in the image is maximized, improving the recognition accuracy of the detection algorithm.

[0117] In one embodiment, the welding equipment for the composite current collector electrode and foil further includes a labeling mechanism 17, which is located downstream of the solder mark visual inspection component 143, the solder mark light transmittance inspection component 144, and the coating visual inspection component 145. The labeling mechanism 17 is used to apply labels to the corresponding positions of defects on the welded electrode and foil based on the location information of defects determined by the solder mark visual inspection component 143, the solder mark light transmittance inspection component 144, and the coating visual inspection component 145.

[0118] In this embodiment, the labeling mechanism 17 uses a stepper motor and ball screw to drive a high-speed labeling head for precise positioning. When any vision inspection system detects a defect, it records the encoder reading at its location. The controller calculates the encoder reading corresponding to when the defect point reaches below the labeling head, based on the current belt speed and the physical distance between the labeling head and the detection point. Once the encoder reaches this value, the controller triggers the labeling head to precisely affix a defective label next to the defect, with a labeling position accuracy within ±10mm.

[0119] Understandably, when any detection component detects a defect, the system can accurately calculate the time it takes for the defect to reach the labeling station based on the material's travel speed and distance, and then label the defect at its corresponding location. This provides a clear physical identifier for subsequent processes (such as slitting) to reject defective products, improving the automation level and quality control efficiency of the entire production line.

[0120] In one embodiment, the welding equipment for composite current collector electrode and foil further includes a cleaning mechanism 18, which is located downstream of the solder mark visual inspection component 143, the solder mark light transmission inspection component 144 and the coating visual inspection component 145, and is used for cleaning.

[0121] In this embodiment, the cleaning mechanism 18 consists of a brush, a magnetic rod, and a negative pressure dust collection device. The brush is driven by a speed-regulating motor and is used to brush away non-magnetic dust from the surface of the conveyor belt. The brush box is connected to a negative pressure dust collector and is equipped with an alarm function for abnormal wind pressure. The magnetic rod is used to adsorb any ferromagnetic dust that may be present on the conveyor belt. The brush adopts a quick-release design for easy cleaning and replacement. The entire cleaning mechanism 18 is located before the labeling mechanism 17 and the winding mechanism 19, ensuring that the final wound product is clean.

[0122] Understandably, by adding a cleaning mechanism 18, the surface of the finished product can be cleaned before it is rewound, removing metal dust or foreign objects that may be generated during welding, transportation, and other processes. This helps improve the cleanliness of the product and reduces the risk of internal micro-short circuits caused by foreign particles during subsequent cell manufacturing, thereby improving the reliability of the product to a certain extent.

[0123] In one embodiment, the welding equipment for composite current collector electrode and foil further includes a winding mechanism 19. The winding mechanism 19 includes a winding assembly 191, a winding roll diameter detection assembly 192, and a winding tension adjustment assembly 193. The winding assembly 191 is used to wind up the finished product with the electrode and foil welded together, and is located at the end of the welding equipment for composite current collector electrode and foil. The winding roll diameter detection assembly 192 is used to detect the roll diameter of the finished product roll film carried by the winding assembly 191. The winding tension adjustment assembly 193 is located at the end of the winding assembly 191. Upstream of 91 and downstream of the mid-section tension isolation assembly 161, it is used to convey the finished product and is configured to swing to adjust the tension of the finished product; the mid-section tension isolation assembly 161, the winding assembly 191, the winding roll diameter detection assembly 192, and the winding tension adjustment assembly 193 are communicatively connected to adjust the winding angular velocity of the winding assembly 191 based on the traction force sensed by the mid-section tension isolation assembly 161, the swing compensation value sensed by the winding tension adjustment assembly 193, and the finished product roll diameter value sensed by the winding roll diameter detection assembly 192, so as to maintain the tension of the finished product.

[0124] In this embodiment, the winding mechanism 19 is a mirror image of the unwinding mechanism in terms of structure and control logic. The winding assembly 191 is an air shaft driven by a servo motor, used to wind up the finished product. The winding tension adjustment assembly 193 is a swing roller mechanism installed between the mid-section tension isolation assembly 161 and the winding assembly 191. The winding roll diameter detection assembly 192 is an ultrasonic sensor that monitors changes in the winding roll diameter in real time. The controller precisely controls the torque or speed of the winding motor based on the speed of the mid-section tension isolation assembly 161, the position feedback of the swing roller, and the feedforward signal from the roll diameter sensor to achieve constant tension winding. The edge uniformity of the finished roll is controlled within ±1mm / roll.

[0125] Understandably, the winding mechanism 19 includes a tension closed-loop control system consisting of a winding assembly 191, a winding roll diameter detection assembly 192, and a winding tension adjustment assembly 193. Through a communication connection, the winding mechanism 19 can dynamically adjust the angular velocity of the winding assembly 191 by integrating the traction force of the mid-section tension isolation assembly 161, the oscillation feedback of the winding tension adjustment assembly 193, and the finished roll diameter change sensed by the winding roll diameter detection assembly 192. This ensures that the finished strip can be wound with constant tension, helping to guarantee uniform tension and neat end faces of the wound roll, and avoiding product stretching, wrinkling, or damage caused by improper winding tension.

[0126] Further integration Figure 13 As shown, the welding equipment for this composite current collector electrode and foil achieves high-precision welding alignment by establishing a virtual reference and performing multi-level closed-loop correction.

[0127] In this embodiment, the virtual reference is defined as the ideal boundary of the preset weld mark formed by the welding head 1111 of the ultrasonic welding assembly 111, particularly the boundary near the active material coating area. All correction actions, including adjustments to the electrode position and the foil position, are ultimately aligned with this virtual reference. Error sources in each component constituting the overall alignment accuracy are precisely controlled. Specifically, the correction accuracy for electrode feeding is no worse than ±0.1mm, the correction accuracy for unwinding each foil is no worse than ±0.1mm, and the measurement accuracy of the CCD camera 1401 in the vision inspection assembly 140 is no worse than ±0.03mm. Simultaneously, the combined error introduced by the minute vibrations of the material during transport and the vibrations generated by the welding head 1111 during operation is controlled within ±0.07mm.

[0128] In this embodiment, based on the above-described precision control, the following high-precision alignment indicators are achieved:

[0129] The accuracy of the distance A between the edge of the foil and the edge of the active material layer: This accuracy is the cumulative result of the final position error of the electrode itself (determined by the accuracy of the electrode feeding correction component 128 and the belt feeding error, etc.), the final position error of the foil itself (determined by the accuracy of the foil correction component 132 and the belt feeding error, etc.), and the measurement error of the vision inspection component 140, which can be stably controlled within ±0.3mm.

[0130] The accuracy of the distance B between the edge of the solder mark and the edge of the active material layer: This accuracy mainly depends on the positional accuracy of the electrode when it reaches the fixed welding head 1111. It is determined by the accuracy of the electrode feeding correction component 128, the measurement accuracy of the vision inspection component 140, and the electrode travel and welding vibration errors, and can ultimately achieve a control of no less than ±0.20mm.

[0131] The width accuracy C of the solder mark itself is also strictly controlled. This is mainly due to stable welding pressure, constant welding head amplitude, and precise material conveyor speed, which allows the solder mark width fluctuation to be controlled within ±0.15mm.

[0132] The relative misalignment accuracy D between the upper and lower foil layers: This accuracy is a comprehensive reflection of the individual correction errors of the foil feeding mechanisms 13 on both sides, their respective conveyor belt and welding vibration errors, and the measurement errors of the two independent vision inspection components 140. Since the errors on both sides may be superimposed, the overall misalignment accuracy is controlled within ±0.4mm.

[0133] The accuracy of the distance E between the soldering edge and the foil edge depends on the positional accuracy of the foil when it reaches the fixed soldering head 1111. The sources of error include the accuracy of the foil correction component 132, the measurement accuracy of the vision inspection component 140, and the foil feeding and welding vibration errors. Ultimately, it can be stably controlled within ±0.20mm.

[0134] The overall operating logic of the welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils is as follows:

[0135] First, during the material preparation and conveying stage, the electrode feeding mechanism 12 located at the center of the equipment and the two foil feeding mechanisms 13 on both sides start simultaneously. The unwinding servo motors within each feeding mechanism, under the regulation of their respective tension closed-loop control systems (composed of tension adjustment components, roll diameter detection components, etc.), output material with a basically constant tension. During this process, the electrode and foil undergo preliminary position correction via the unwinding correction components at the source.

[0136] Next, the precision alignment and welding stage begins. The electrode sheet passes through the upper tension isolation component 162 and the second electrode sheet unwinding tension adjustment component 126 into the welding stability zone; simultaneously, the electrode sheet undergoes secondary fine correction through the electrode sheet feeding correction component 128. The foils on both sides also pass through their respective tension and correction control systems, converging towards the center. The pre-welding visual inspection component 141 captures the layered image of the electrode sheet and the foils on both sides in real time, feeding back their relative positional deviations to the foil correction system, ensuring that the foils precisely follow the position of the electrode sheet, and together enter the fixed-position ultrasonic pressure welding component 111. The ultrasonic pressure welding component 111 (controlled by a PLC, with its welding power, pressure, and other data monitored in real time) performs high-speed roll welding on the three layers of material. Through the synergistic effect of this multi-level correction and tension zone isolation control, the final accuracy can be achieved as follows: the distance accuracy of the weld mark edge relative to the edge of the active material layer ≤ ±0.20mm, the distance accuracy of the foil edge relative to the edge of the active material layer ≤ ±0.3mm, and the width accuracy of the weld mark itself ≤ ±0.15mm. Subsequently, the finished strip passes through the roll forming assembly 112 to flatten the solder marks and eliminate protrusions.

[0137] Next comes the post-weld processing and online inspection stage. The finished strip after welding is pulled by the mid-section tension isolation component 161 (main drive) and passes through multiple vision inspection stations. Feedback vision inspection component 142, weld mark vision inspection component 143, weld mark light transmission inspection component 144, and coating vision inspection component 145, etc., perform comprehensive online inspection of the weld's position, size, appearance, internal defects, and impact on the coating area.

[0138] Finally, the process moves to the defect marking and finished product winding stage. The cleaning mechanism 18 removes dust and iron from the strip. The labeling mechanism 17 precisely affixes labels to the detected defective (NG) products based on the defect information collected from all preceding visual inspection systems. Ultimately, the clean, flat, and labeled finished strip enters the winding mechanism 19, where, under constant tension control and winding correction, it is wound into a finished roll with neat end faces. The entire process is synchronously controlled by a multi-segment servo system, achieving high-speed, high-precision, and high-quality automated welding production from unwinding to winding.

[0139] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. All equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A welding apparatus for composite current collector electrodes and foils, used for welding foils to both sides of the current collector edge region of the composite current collector electrode, characterized in that, The welding equipment for the composite current collector electrode and the foil includes: The roller welding mechanism (11) includes an ultrasonic pressure welding assembly (111) for welding the current collector of the electrode and the foil stacked on both sides of the electrode. The welding head (1111) of the ultrasonic pressure welding assembly (111) is configured to be fixed in position during the welding process. The electrode feeding mechanism (12) includes an electrode unwinding assembly (121) and an electrode unwinding correction assembly (122). The electrode unwinding assembly (121) is used to carry the electrode roll film and unwind the electrode by rotation. The electrode unwinding correction assembly (122) is located downstream of the electrode unwinding assembly (121) and is used to cooperate with the electrode unwinding assembly (121) to achieve lateral correction of the unwound electrode, so that the current collector edge area of ​​the electrode used for lamination and welding with foil corresponds to the welding head (1111) of the ultrasonic pressure welding assembly (111). Two foil feeding mechanisms (13) are used to unwind foil located on both sides of the electrode sheet respectively. The foil feeding mechanism (13) includes a foil unwinding assembly (131) and a foil correction assembly (132). The foil unwinding assembly (131) is used to carry the foil roll film and unwind the foil by rotating it. The foil correction assembly (132) is located downstream of the foil unwinding assembly (131) and is used to cooperate with the foil unwinding assembly (131) to achieve lateral correction of the unwound foil so that the foil is set at the current collector edge area of ​​the electrode sheet. The visual inspection mechanism (14) includes several visual inspection components (140), and the several visual inspection components (140) include at least a pre-welding visual inspection component (141) and a feedback visual inspection component (142); the pre-welding visual inspection component (141) is located between the confluence area of ​​the electrode sheet and the foil and the roller welding mechanism (11), and is used to acquire stacking image information of the stacked electrode sheet and foil, and feed back the stacking image information to the electrode sheet unwinding component (121) and / or the foil unwinding component (131) to perform lateral correction of the electrode sheet and / or foil; the feedback visual inspection component (142) is located downstream of the roller welding mechanism (11), and is used to acquire the welding mark image information of the welded electrode sheet and foil, and determine whether the lateral correction meets the standard.

2. The welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding equipment for the composite current collector electrode and foil also includes a guiding mechanism (15), which includes several guide rollers (150). The several guide rollers (150) are divided into a first guide roller group (151), a second guide roller group (152), a third guide roller group (153), and a fourth guide roller group (154). The first guide roller group (151) is used to guide the electrode, the second guide roller group (152) is used to guide the foil pre-positioned on one side of the electrode, the third guide roller group (153) is used to guide the foil pre-positioned on the other side of the electrode, and the fourth guide roller group (154) is used to guide the foil pre-positioned on the other side of the electrode. 54) For guiding the stacked electrode and foil; at least one of the pre-welding visual inspection components (141) is disposed toward the guide roller (150) at the junction of the first guide roller group (151) and the second guide roller group (152) for acquiring the stacked image information of the electrode and the foil to be disposed on one side of the electrode; at least another of the pre-welding visual inspection components (141) is disposed toward the guide roller (150) at the junction of the third guide roller group (153) and the fourth guide roller group (154) for acquiring the stacked image information of the electrode and the foil to be disposed on the other side of the electrode.

3. The welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one of the feedback visual inspection components (142) is positioned toward the first guide roller (150) located downstream of the ultrasonic welding assembly (111) for acquiring the weld image information on one side of the welded electrode and foil; at least another of the feedback visual inspection components (142) is positioned toward the second guide roller (150) located downstream of the ultrasonic welding assembly (111) for acquiring the weld image information on the other side of the welded electrode and foil.

4. The welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils according to claim 3, characterized in that: The visual inspection assembly (140) includes at least one CCD camera (1401) and at least one light source (1402). The CCD camera (1401) and the light source (1402) are both arranged facing the corresponding guide roller (150). The optical path of the CCD camera (1401) is configured to point to the center of the corresponding guide roller (150). The optical paths of the CCD camera (1401) and the light source (1402) of each set of visual inspection assemblies (140) are configured to be arranged at an angle.

5. The welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding equipment for the composite current collector electrode and foil also includes a tension adjustment mechanism (16), which includes a middle tension isolation component (161) and an upper tension isolation component (162). The middle tension isolation component (161) is located downstream of the ultrasonic pressure welding component (111) and is used to drive the electrode and foil in the welding connection state to move along the conveyor belt. The upper tension isolation component (162) is located downstream of the electrode feeding mechanism (12) and is used to drive the electrode to move along the conveyor belt.

6. The welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrode feeding mechanism (12) further includes a first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component (124) and an electrode roll diameter detection component (125); the electrode roll diameter detection component (125) is used to detect the roll diameter of the electrode roll film carried by the electrode unwinding component (121); the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component (124) is located downstream of the electrode unwinding component (121) and upstream of the upper tension isolation component (162), and is used to convey the electrode and is configured to be able to swing. To adjust the electrode tension; the upper tension isolation component (162), the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component (124) and the electrode roll diameter detection component (125) are communicatively connected to adjust the angular velocity of electrode unwinding based on the electrode traction force sensed by the upper tension isolation component (162), the swing compensation value sensed by the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component (124) and the electrode roll diameter value sensed by the electrode roll diameter detection component (125) to maintain electrode tension.

7. The welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrode feeding mechanism (12) further includes a second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component (126), which is located downstream of the upper tension isolation component (162) and upstream of the confluence area of ​​the electrode and foil. It is used to convey the electrode and is configured to swing to adjust the electrode tension. The middle tension isolation component (161), the upper tension isolation component (162) and the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component (126) are communicatively connected to adjust the traction force of the upper tension isolation component (162) on the electrode based on the electrode traction force sensed by the middle tension isolation component (161) and the swing compensation value sensed by the second electrode unwinding tension adjustment component (126) to maintain the electrode tension.

8. The welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrode unwinding correction component (122) is located upstream of the first electrode unwinding tension adjustment component (124). The electrode unwinding correction component (122) is used to sense the edge position of the electrode. The electrode unwinding correction component (122) is communicatively connected to the electrode unwinding component (121). It is used to adjust the axial displacement of the active roller of the electrode unwinding component (121) along the electrode width direction based on the edge position of the electrode sensed by the electrode unwinding correction component (122), so as to adjust the lateral posture of the electrode. The electrode feeding mechanism (12) further includes an electrode feeding correction component (128), which is located downstream of the upper tension isolation component (162) and upstream of the confluence area of ​​the electrode and foil. The electrode feeding correction component (128) includes an electrode traveling correction device (1281) and an electrode correction probe (1282) connected by communication. The electrode correction probe (1282) is used to sense the edge position of the electrode, and the electrode traveling correction device (1281) is used to allow the electrode to be wound on it and adjust the lateral posture of the electrode.

9. The welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foil correction component (132) is located downstream of the foil unwinding component (131). The foil correction component (132) is used to sense the edge position of the foil. The foil correction component (132) is communicatively connected to the foil unwinding component (131) and is used to adjust the axial displacement of the active roller of the foil unwinding component (131) along the width direction of the foil based on the edge position of the foil sensed by the foil correction component (132) to adjust the lateral posture of the foil. The pre-welding visual inspection component (141) is located downstream of the foil correction component (132). The pre-welding visual inspection component (141) is communicatively connected to the foil unwinding component (131) and is used to adjust the axial displacement of the active roller of the foil unwinding component (131) along the width direction of the foil based on the stacked image information of the electrode sheet and foil obtained by the pre-welding visual inspection component (141) to adjust the lateral posture of the foil.

10. The welding equipment for composite current collector electrodes and foils according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vision inspection components (140) further include a solder stamp vision inspection component (143), a solder stamp light transmission inspection component (144), and a coating vision inspection component (145); the solder stamp vision inspection component (143) is located downstream of the roller welding mechanism (11) and is used to acquire solder stamp image information to at least determine whether the size, shape, and appearance of the solder stamp are normal. The solder mark light transmission detection component (144) is located downstream of the solder mark visual detection component (143) and is used to acquire solder mark light transmission information to determine whether there is damage in the solder mark area; the coating visual detection component (145) is located between the solder mark visual detection component (143) and the solder mark light transmission detection component (144) and is used to acquire image information of the active material layer coated on the electrode to determine whether there is damage in the active material layer.

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