Bistable temperature sensing fruit and vegetable packaging, packaging system, method and use in fruit and vegetable logistics

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of new materials and fruit and vegetable preservation technology, and discloses a bistable temperature sensing fruit and vegetable packaging, a packaging system, a method and application in fruit and vegetable logistics, which comprises a silica gel column, a dome-shaped silica gel bistable structure, a gas-liquid phase change bag and a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid, the silica gel column is connected and arranged on the upper surface of the dome-shaped silica gel bistable structure, the gas-liquid phase change bag is connected and arranged on the lower surface of the dome-shaped silica gel bistable structure, and the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is sealed and contained in the gas-liquid phase change bag. The packaging has fruit size and shape self-adaptability, packaging convenience and taking convenience. The packaging can respond to the temperature difference between room temperature (25 DEG C) and cold chain temperature (4 DEG C), jump between bistable states, and switch between fruit wrapping and fruit releasing states. The wrapping process of the packaging has small fruit damage risk, can self-adapt to fruit size, is suitable for cold chain logistics transportation, and is beneficial to meet the packaging demand in fruit and vegetable logistics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of new materials and fruit and vegetable preservation technology, and in particular to a bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging, packaging system, method, and its application in fruit and vegetable logistics. Background Technology

[0002] Physical damage is a key factor contributing to the persistently high losses in fruit and vegetable logistics. Reducing physical damage caused by fruit collisions during transportation, and preserving the fruit's good flavor, taste, and nutritional value, are important measures to optimize the fruit and vegetable logistics industry.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream fruit and vegetable logistics packaging methods mainly include the following three types: (1) Pre-processing cavities suitable for placing individual fruits in relatively soft packaging materials, placing the fruit in the packaging, and covering it with the top packaging lid. The packaging cavities processed by this method are difficult to adapt to the diverse sizes and shapes of fruits, resulting in gaps between the fruit and the packaging. During logistics transportation, the fruit is prone to collision with the packaging, thus causing logistics damage. (2) Using foam to prepare mesh sleeves for packaging individual fruits. During packaging, the netted fruits are placed in the outer cardboard box or pallet and stacked and covered. This method requires more complex operations on the fruit, greatly increasing the risk of damage to the fruit during the packaging process. (3) Placing the fruit in an inflatable inner bag or air column bag with an air valve, inflating it to the set pressure during packaging, sealing it, and then placing it in the outer box to form a surrounding cushioning airbag. This method requires additional inflation equipment and is inconvenient for consumers to use.

[0004] Existing publicly available technologies for preserving fruits and vegetables mainly include: Chinese patent publication CN220949410U uses a sliding sealing cap to wrap the fruit, reducing movement and collisions between fruits and vegetables, preventing damage, and lowering transportation costs. However, the packaging structure requires many mechanical parts, making production complex, and manual pulling of the telescopic rod is necessary to ensure the fruit is wrapped, lacking convenience and difficult to scale up. Chinese patent publication CN111071633A proposes a fruit and vegetable logistics anti-mechanical damage packaging box, where fruits and vegetables are protected between air cushion packaging compartments, effectively preventing collisions. However, the wrapping process requires manual placement of the compartments, making operation complex. Furthermore, the fixed compartments are difficult to adapt to the tight wrapping of fruits of various sizes and shapes. Chinese patent publication CN212075027U proposes a fruit and vegetable transport logistics packaging box with a hanging net for layered storage. However, the fruits are in contact with each other on the hanging net without a fixing mechanism, making them prone to collisions and mechanical damage during logistics.

[0005] In summary, existing fruit and vegetable packaging on the market mainly consists of cavities made of foam or plastic, which are difficult to adapt to the diverse sizes and shapes of fruits, easily leading to damage from collisions with the packaging walls during transport. While fruit-adaptable packaging, such as mesh sleeves and inflatable packaging, suffers from problems such as complex packaging processes, the need for additional inflation equipment, difficulty in handling, and limited reusability, there is an urgent need for one or more new types of fruit and vegetable packaging to meet these needs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging, packaging system, method, and its application in fruit and vegetable logistics.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0008] A bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging package includes a silicone column, a dome-shaped silicone bistable structure, a gas-liquid phase change bag, and a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid. The silicone column and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure are made of food-grade silicone, and the gas-liquid phase change bag is made of food-grade plastic. The silicone column is connected and disposed on the upper surface of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure, and the gas-liquid phase change bag is connected and disposed on the lower surface of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure. The gas-liquid phase change bag is sealed and contains a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid, which can cause the gas-liquid phase change bag to expand or contract.

[0009] Furthermore, the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure is arranged horizontally and is dome-shaped, meaning both its upper and lower surfaces are arc-shaped. Multiple silicone pillars are vertically connected at the top of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure, and these pillars are evenly spaced near the center of the structure. A fruit storage space is formed between the silicone pillars and the upper surface of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure. This space can hold fruit, and the silicone pillars can clamp or release the fruit placed inside. A gas-liquid phase change bag is tightly connected to the bottom of the stable structure. The gas-liquid phase change bag is hollow and sealed. The hollow interior of the gas-liquid phase change bag can be sealed to hold a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid. The low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid can cause the gas-liquid phase change bag to expand or contract. When the gas-liquid phase change bag expands, it causes the dome-shaped silica bistable structure to bulge upwards, causing multiple silica columns to open outwards, thereby lifting the fruit placed in the fruit storage space. When the gas-liquid phase change bag contracts, it causes the dome-shaped silica bistable structure to bulge downwards or sink downwards, causing the upper parts of multiple silica columns to close inwards, thereby clamping the fruit tightly in the fruit storage space.

[0010] Furthermore, the silicone pillars are configured to be 6 in number;

[0011] Alternatively, the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane.

[0012] Furthermore, both the silicone pillar and dome-shaped silicone bistable structures are prepared using food-grade silicone.

[0013] Alternatively, the silicone pillars and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure can be bonded together using food-grade silicone adhesive.

[0014] Furthermore, the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure is a spherical crown with a diameter of 60 mm, a half-open angle of 17.43°, and a thickness of 1.5 mm;

[0015] Alternatively, the silicone pillar can be fixed to the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure by adhesive bonding; for a fruit with a diameter of 20mm, the adhesive bonding position between the silicone pillar and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure is 18.2mm away from the central axis of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the gas-liquid phase change bag is a food-grade PE bag;

[0017] Alternatively, the gas-liquid phase change bag is tightly bonded together with the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure.

[0018] Alternatively, the gas-liquid phase change bag can be prepared as follows: two spherical PE films with a diameter of 60 mm and a half-open angle of 17.43° are overlapped, the edges are heat-sealed, an opening is cut, 0.3 g of low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is added, and the opening is re-heat-sealed while the two PE films are tightly attached, to obtain a gas-liquid phase change bag containing low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid inside.

[0019] The application of bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging as described above in fruit and vegetable transportation.

[0020] The method for transporting fruits and vegetables using the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging described above includes the following steps:

[0021] Used in conjunction with a perforated cardboard frame and a packaging carton. The perforated cardboard frame is placed inside the packaging carton, both using the same cardboard material. The perforated cardboard frame has six circular holes, the size of which matches the outer edge of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure. The single-fruit bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is placed in the circular holes of the perforated cardboard frame, overlapping at the outer edge of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure, and bonded with food-grade silicone adhesive.

[0022] Furthermore, when placed at room temperature, the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is in a gaseous state, and the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is in a released state. During packaging, the fruits and vegetables are placed in the fruit storage space. Subsequently, after being packaged using a perforated cardboard frame and a cardboard box, they enter cold chain storage. Under the low-temperature conditions of the cold chain, the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid liquefies, and the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is in a tightly wrapped state. The silica gel pillars in the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging can adapt to the size of the fruit and fix the fruit, and the perforated structure can provide sufficient breathing space for the fruit, ensuring a low level of life activity. When consumers take the fruit and vegetable packaging, they bring it to a room temperature environment, and the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is rapidly vaporized by heat, and the packaging is in a released state, making it convenient for consumers to take the fruit.

[0023] A packaging system for transporting fruits and vegetables using the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging as described above includes a bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging, a perforated cardboard frame, and a packaging carton. The packaging carton is arranged horizontally and is a box-shaped structure with an open top and a hollow interior. The perforated cardboard frame is placed inside the packaging carton and has multiple circular holes spaced apart on it. The circular holes extend from the upper surface of the perforated cardboard frame to its lower surface. The size of the circular holes is the same as the size of the outer edge of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure, and the circular holes and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure can be arranged coaxially. The bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging can be coaxially and detachably installed inside the circular holes, and the outer edge of the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is connected to the outermost edge of the circular holes.

[0024] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. The packaging of this invention simultaneously features adaptability to fruit size and shape, convenient packaging, and easy access. This packaging can respond to the temperature difference between room temperature (25℃) and cold chain temperature (4℃), undergoing a bistable transition, switching between fruit-wrapped and fruit-released states. The packaging process of this invention minimizes the risk of fruit damage, adapts to fruit size, is suitable for cold chain logistics, and its automatic wrapping and releasing capabilities help meet the packaging needs of fruit and vegetable logistics.

[0026] 2. The packaging of this invention is in a released state at room temperature and in a wrapped state at cold chain temperature. It can quickly switch states in response to temperature changes, which facilitates rapid fruit wrapping and release.

[0027] 3. The gas-liquid phase change bag of this invention uses a food-grade PE bag to wrap the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid, which is not easy to leak or break, and has high safety and reliability.

[0028] 4. The gas-liquid phase change bag and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure of the present invention have reversible state switching at different temperatures, and have the advantage of being reusable.

[0029] 5. This invention uses six silicone pillars and a dome-shaped silicone bistable structure to wrap the fruit at the bottom, giving the fruit a large space to exchange gases with the outside world. This avoids the fruit's quality deterioration caused by anaerobic respiration in a closed environment and ensures the quality stability of the fruit during the logistics process.

[0030] 6. When consumers take the product, the temperature changes from cold chain temperature to room temperature, the silicone column opens, the fruit rises and is fully revealed, which is quite ornamental and interesting.

[0031] 7. The packaging of this invention consists of a dome-shaped silicone bistable structure, six silicone pillars, and a gas-liquid phase change bag. The phase change bag is encapsulated with a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid in food-grade PE. At room temperature, the phase change bag vaporizes and expands, pushing the dome upwards and opening the silicone pillars, facilitating fruit pre-packing and retrieval. Under cold chain temperatures, the phase change bag liquefies and contracts, causing the dome to concave and the silicone pillars to converge, achieving adaptive and stable wrapping of fruits of different sizes and shapes, as well as vibration reduction and impact resistance. This structure is reversible, requires no inflation equipment, has a low risk of fruit damage during packaging, and the permeable wrapping area facilitates gas exchange, making it suitable for reuse and cold chain transportation. Compared with existing cavity, mesh, and inflatable packaging, this invention combines adaptability, convenience, and safety, reducing post-harvest logistics losses and improving the consumer experience.

[0032] 8. The packaging of this invention includes silicone pillars, a dome-shaped silicone bistable structure, and a gas-liquid phase change bag. During packaging at room temperature, the gas-liquid phase change bag is in an expanded state, lifting the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure and switching to a convex stable state, with the six silicone pillars opening. This state facilitates the placement of fruit, achieving pre-packaging. Under cold chain conditions, the gas-liquid phase change bag is in a contracted state, the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure descends, switching to a concave stable state, with the six silicone pillars closing together. This state provides a stable and flexible wrapping of the fruit, adapting to fruit size and shape, preventing vibration, reducing fruit and vegetable damage, and automatically releasing at room temperature for easy retrieval by the consumer. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structural connection of a bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging in this invention (under cold chain conditions).

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another structural connection of the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging in this invention (at room temperature).

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure;

[0037] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the complete packaging structure and a schematic diagram of the structural connections of the packaging system in this invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the damage to raspberry fruit during a transport vibration simulation in this invention.

[0039] Attached labels: 1-Silicone column; 2-Fruit storage space; 3-Dome-shaped silicone bistable structure; 4-Silicone outer edge fixing ring; 5-Gas-liquid phase change bag; 6-Hollow interior; 7-Perforated paper frame; 8-Packaging carton. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. The following embodiments are descriptive and not limiting, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The various experimental operations involved in the specific embodiments are all conventional techniques in the field. For parts not specifically annotated in this document, those skilled in the art can refer to various commonly used reference books, scientific and technological documents or related instructions and manuals prior to the filing date of this invention to carry out the operations.

[0042] A bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the packaging includes a silicone column 1, a dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3, a gas-liquid phase change bag 5, and a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid (not shown in the figure). The silicone column 1 and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 are both made of food-grade silicone, and the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 is made of food-grade plastic. The silicone column 1 is connected and disposed on the upper surface of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3, and the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 is connected and disposed on the lower surface of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3. The low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is sealed inside the gas-liquid phase change bag 5, and the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid can cause the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 to expand or contract.

[0043] This packaging comprises a dome-shaped silica bistable structure 3, silica column 1, and a gas-liquid phase change bag 5, with a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid encapsulated within the gas-liquid phase change bag 5. At room temperature, the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 vaporizes and expands, pushing the dome upwards and opening the silica column 1, facilitating fruit pre-packing and retrieval. Under cold chain temperatures, the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 liquefies and contracts, causing the dome to concave and the silica column 1 to close, achieving adaptive and stable wrapping of fruits of different sizes and shapes, as well as vibration reduction and impact resistance. This structure is reversible, requires no inflation equipment, has a low risk of fruit damage during packaging operations, and the permeable wrapping area facilitates aerobic respiration in the fruit, making it suitable for reuse and cold chain transportation. Compared with existing cavity, mesh, and inflatable packaging, this invention combines adaptability, convenience, and safety, reducing post-harvest logistics losses and improving the consumer experience.

[0044] In this embodiment, the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 is arranged horizontally and is dome-shaped, meaning that both the upper and lower surfaces of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 are arc-shaped. Multiple silicone pillars 1 are vertically connected at the top of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3, and these pillars are evenly spaced near the center of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3. A fruit storage space 2 is formed between the multiple silicone pillars 1 and the upper surface of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3. Fruit can be stored in the fruit storage space 2, and the fruit placed inside can be clamped or released by the silicone pillars 1. The bottom of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 is tightly connected... A gas-liquid phase change bag 5 is installed, which is hollow and sealed inside. The hollow interior 6 of the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 can be sealed to hold a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid. The low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid can cause the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 to expand or contract. When the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 expands, it causes the dome-shaped silica bistable structure 3 to bulge upwards, causing multiple silica columns 1 to open outwards, thereby lifting the fruit placed in the fruit storage space 2 for easy retrieval. When the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 contracts, it causes the dome-shaped silica bistable structure 3 to bulge downwards (i.e., contract downwards), causing the upper parts of the multiple silica columns 1 to close inwards, thereby clamping the fruit in the fruit storage space 2 for stability, and facilitating its movement and transportation. The gas-liquid phase change bag 5 can switch between expansion and contraction states in response to the temperature difference between room temperature and cold chain temperature. When expanding, it provides upward displacement and driving force to the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3, causing it to bulge upward and lift the fruit in the fruit storage space 2, while the six silicone pillars 1 open. Conversely, when contracting, it pulls the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 downward, causing the structure to switch back to the enclosed state.

[0045] In this embodiment, the silicone pillars 1 are set to 6, which can meet the usage requirements and reduce costs.

[0046] In this embodiment, the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, i.e., HFC245fa, which has good performance.

[0047] In this embodiment, both the silicone pillar 1 and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 are prepared using food-grade silicone commonly used in the art. Preferably, the silicone pillar 1 is made of Sorta Clear 18 from Smooth-on, a silicone material with a food-grade formulation and relatively soft mechanical properties, which helps to achieve a soft wrapping of the fruit. Preferably, the silicone pillar 1 can be prepared using a 3D-printed PLA mold. Food-grade silicone liquid A and liquid B are mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1 (it is well known in the art that most commercially available silicone products are liquid A + liquid B, which are mixed and solidified over a period of time to form solid silicone. The product used here is Sorta Clear 18 from Smooth-on; after mixing, the mixture is degassed under vacuum, poured into a cylindrical PLA mold, and removed after molding). Preferably, the silicone pillar 1 and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 are bonded together using a food-grade silicone adhesive.

[0048] In this embodiment, the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 is made of Smooth-Sil 940 from Smooth-on, which has higher hardness than Sorta Clear 18 and can achieve a stable bistable structure. Preferably, the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 is a spherical crown with a diameter of 60mm, a half-open angle of 17.43°, and a thickness of 1.5mm. Preferably, the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 is prepared using a 3D-printed PLA mold. Food-grade silicone liquid A and liquid B are mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1 (it is well known in the art that most commercially available silicone products are liquid A + liquid B, which solidify into solid silicone after a period of time when mixed. The product used here is Smooth-Sil 940 from Smooth-on). After mixing, the mixture is degassed under vacuum and poured into the dome-shaped PLA mold for molding. The function of the dome-shaped mold is to form a dome-shaped cavity through the combination of its various parts. After filling the cavity with silicone liquid, a silicone dome structure can be formed. Preferably, the dome-shaped mold consists of a dome-shaped top and two dome-shaped bottom molds that can be joined together. The combination of the three forms a dome-shaped cavity, which is convenient for demolding. The dome shape is a spherical crown shape with a small opening angle and a large radius, which can complete the bistable switching while preventing the fruit from rolling off during the packaging release state.

[0049] Preferably, the silicone pillars 1 are fixed to the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 by adhesive bonding. For fruits with a diameter of 20mm (such as raspberries), the adhesive bonding position between the silicone pillars 1 and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 is 18.2mm away from the central axis of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3. Multiple (e.g., six) silicone pillars 1 are equidistantly bonded within a radius of 18.2mm. The space enclosed by the multiple silicone pillars 1 and the upper surface of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 serves as the fruit storage space 2, the size of which is slightly smaller than the size of the wrapped fruit. In the wrapped state, due to the downward tendency of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3, the silicone pillars 1 contact and clamp the fruit, flexibly wrapping the fruit and preventing shaking and impact during transportation. In the released state, the silicone pillars 1 open, allowing the fruit to move within the space enclosed by the six silicone pillars 1, preventing the fruit from falling out of the packaging structure while providing sufficient space for consumers to easily remove and eat it.

[0050] Preferably, the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 is a food-grade PE bag, which is safe and inexpensive. The gas-liquid phase change bag 5 is placed under the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 and is tightly bonded to the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3. The gas-liquid phase change bag 5 is prepared as follows: two spherical crown-shaped PE films with a diameter of 60 mm and a half-open angle of 17.43° are overlapped, the edges are heat-sealed, a small opening is cut, 0.3 g of low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is added, and the opening is re-heat-sealed while the two PE films are tightly adhered (in the smallest volume state), thus obtaining a gas-liquid phase change bag 5 containing low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid inside. The bag is filled with low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid, whose boiling point is approximately 15°C. At room temperature (≈25°C), the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid vaporizes, causing the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 to expand. At a cold chain temperature (≈4°C), the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid liquefies, and atmospheric pressure causes the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 to shrink. Therefore, the gas-liquid phase change bag 5 can respond to the temperature difference between room temperature and cold chain temperature, switching between an expanded and a contracted state. During expansion, it provides upward displacement and driving force to the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3, causing it to bulge upwards and lift the fruit in the fruit storage space 2, while the silicone pillars 1 open. Conversely, during contraction, the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 is pulled downwards, causing the structure to switch back to the enclosed state.

[0051] A packaging system including the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging as described above, the packaging system includes bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging, a perforated cardboard frame 7, and a packaging carton 8. The packaging carton 8 is arranged horizontally and is a box-shaped body with an open top and a hollow interior. The perforated cardboard frame 7 is arranged inside the packaging carton 8. The perforated cardboard frame 7 has multiple circular holes spaced apart (not shown in the figure, preferably six). The circular holes extend from the upper surface of the perforated cardboard frame 7 to its lower surface. The size of the circular holes is the same as the size of the outer edge 4 of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3, and the circular holes and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3 can be arranged coaxially. The bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging can be coaxially and detachably arranged in the circular holes, and the outer edge of the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is connected to the outermost edge of the circular holes.

[0052] The packaging system of this invention is adaptable, convenient, safe and reliable, which can reduce post-harvest logistics losses and improve the consumer experience, and facilitate the transportation of fruits and vegetables.

[0053] One method of using the aforementioned bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is as follows:

[0054] When using the aforementioned bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging, such as Figure 5 As shown, this is used in conjunction with the perforated cardboard frame 7 and the packaging carton 8. The perforated cardboard frame 7 is placed inside the packaging carton 8, and both are made of the same cardboard material. The perforated cardboard frame 7 has six circular holes, the size of which matches the outer edge 4 of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3. The single-fruit bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is placed in the circular holes in the perforated cardboard frame 7, and the two overlap at the outer edge 4 of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure 3, and are bonded together with food-grade silicone adhesive.

[0055] The usage method is as follows: When this product is placed at room temperature, the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is in a gaseous state, and the packaging is in a release state. During packaging, place the fruits and vegetables in the fruit storage space 2. Then, package them using the perforated cardboard frame 7 and the packaging carton 8, and then store them in the cold chain. Under the low-temperature conditions of the cold chain, the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid liquefies, and the packaging is in a tightly wrapped state. The silica gel pillars 1 in the packaging can adapt to the size of the fruit and fix the fruit in place, and the perforated structure can provide sufficient breathing space for the fruit, ensuring a low level of life activity. When the consumer takes it out, take the packaging to a room temperature environment. The low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid will vaporize rapidly upon heating, and the packaging will be in a release state, making it convenient for the consumer to take it out.

[0056] The relevant tests are as follows:

[0057] This invention conducted a vibration simulation experiment during fruit and vegetable transportation to verify the packaging performance. Raspberries sold in Hangzhou were used as the sample for preservation and transportation. The fruits were randomly divided into two groups: one group was packaged in a conventional polyethylene thin-shell preservation box, and the other group was packaged in the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging of this invention. Each group contained 6 fruits, and the experiment was independently repeated 4 times. The vibration environment during transportation was simulated at 120 rpm in a shaker at 4℃ for 6 hours. Fruit damage was then observed, recorded, and the damage rate was calculated.

[0058] Figure 6 The results showed that in this experiment, the fruit breakage rate using conventional polyethylene thin-shell food storage boxes was 37.5% ± 15.9%, while the breakage rate using bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging was 8.3% ± 9.6%. The bistable temperature-sensitive packaging group showed a significant 77% reduction in fruit breakage rate compared to the conventional packaging group (P < 0.05). Compared to traditional polyethylene thin-shell packaging, the packaging structure and its soft materials of this invention can better absorb and disperse vibration energy, thereby effectively reducing mechanical damage to the fruit caused by collisions and compression. Therefore, the bistable temperature-sensitive packaging has better cushioning performance and can adapt to changes in packaging / repackaging during packaging, transportation, and retrieval.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions, variations, and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments.

Claims

1. A bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging, characterized in that: The packaging includes a silicone column (1), a dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3), a gas-liquid phase change bag (5), and a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid. The silicone column (1) and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) are made of food-grade silicone, and the gas-liquid phase change bag (5) is made of food-grade plastic. The silicone column (1) is connected to the upper surface of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3), and the gas-liquid phase change bag (5) is connected to the lower surface of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3). The gas-liquid phase change bag (5) is sealed with a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid, which can cause the gas-liquid phase change bag (5) to expand or contract. The dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) is arranged horizontally and is dome-shaped, meaning that the upper and lower surfaces of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) are both arc-shaped. Multiple silicone pillars (1) are vertically connected at the top of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3). These pillars (1) are evenly spaced near the center of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3). A fruit storage space (2) is formed between the multiple silicone pillars (1) and the upper surface of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3). Fruit can be stored within the fruit storage space (2), and the fruit placed inside the fruit storage space (2) can be clamped or released by the silicone pillars (1). (3) is tightly connected to the bottom of the gas-liquid phase change bag (5). The gas-liquid phase change bag (5) is hollow and sealed. The hollow interior (6) of the gas-liquid phase change bag (5) can be sealed to hold low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid. The low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid can cause the gas-liquid phase change bag (5) to expand or contract. When the gas-liquid phase change bag (5) expands, it causes the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) to bulge upward, causing multiple silicone columns (1) to open outward, thereby lifting the fruit placed in the fruit storage space (2). When the gas-liquid phase change bag (5) contracts, it causes the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) to bulge downward, i.e. to sink downward, causing the upper part of multiple silicone columns (1) to close inward, thereby clamping the fruit in the fruit storage space (2).

2. The bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicone column (1) is configured as 6 columns; Alternatively, the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane.

3. The bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicone pillar (1) and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) are both prepared using food-grade silicone. Alternatively, the silicone pillar (1) and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) are bonded together using a food-grade silicone adhesive.

4. The bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) is a spherical crown with a diameter of 60 mm, a half-open angle of 17.43°, and a thickness of 1.5 mm. Alternatively, the silicone column (1) can be fixed to the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) by adhesive bonding. For a fruit with a diameter of 20 mm, the adhesive bonding position between the silicone column (1) and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) is 18.2 mm away from the central axis of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3).

5. The bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The gas-liquid phase change bag (5) is a food-grade PE bag; Alternatively, the gas-liquid phase change bag (5) is tightly bonded together with the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3); Alternatively, the gas-liquid phase change bag (5) can be prepared as follows: two spherical PE films with a diameter of 60 mm and a half-open angle of 17.43° are overlapped, the edges are heat-sealed, the opening is cut, 0.3 g of low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is added, and the opening is re-heat-sealed while the two PE films are tightly attached to obtain a gas-liquid phase change bag (5) containing low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid inside.

6. The application of the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 in the transportation of fruits and vegetables.

7. A method for packaging and transporting fruits and vegetables using bistable temperature-sensitive packaging as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Used in conjunction with a perforated cardboard frame (7) and a packaging carton (8); the perforated cardboard frame (7) is placed inside the packaging carton (8), and both are made of the same cardboard material; the perforated cardboard frame (7) has six circular holes, the size of which is consistent with the size of the outer edge (4) of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3); the single-fruit bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is placed in the circular holes in the perforated cardboard frame (7), and the two overlap at the outer edge (4) of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) and are bonded with food-grade silicone adhesive.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: When placed at room temperature, the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is in a gaseous state, and the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is in a released state. During packaging, the fruit and vegetables are placed in the fruit storage space (2), and then packaged using a perforated cardboard frame (7) and a packaging carton (8) before entering cold chain storage. Under the low-temperature conditions of the cold chain, the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid liquefies, and the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is in a tightly wrapped state. The silica gel column (1) in the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging can adapt to the size of the fruit and fix the fruit, and the perforated structure can provide sufficient breathing space for the fruit to ensure low-level life activities of the fruit. When consumers take the fruit and vegetables, the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is taken to room temperature, and the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid is rapidly vaporized by heating, and the packaging is in a released state, which is convenient for consumers to take the fruit and vegetables.

9. A packaging system for transporting fruits and vegetables using bistable temperature-sensitive packaging as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The packaging system includes a bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging, a perforated cardboard frame (7), and a packaging carton (8). The packaging carton (8) is arranged horizontally and is a box-shaped structure with an open top and a hollow interior. The perforated cardboard frame (7) is arranged inside the packaging carton (8). Multiple circular holes are spaced apart on the perforated cardboard frame (7). The circular holes extend from the upper surface of the perforated cardboard frame (7) to its lower surface. The size of the circular holes is the same as the size of the outer edge (4) of the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3). The circular holes and the dome-shaped silicone bistable structure (3) can be arranged coaxially. The bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging can be coaxially and detachably arranged inside the circular holes. The outer edge of the bistable temperature-sensitive fruit and vegetable packaging is connected to the outermost edge of the circular holes.

Images