Mountain photovoltaic module transportation system and method based on double-track conveying trolley

Abstract

The invention discloses a mountain photovoltaic module transportation system and method based on a double-track conveying trolley, and relates to the technical field of material conveying. Two tracks which are symmetrically arranged in parallel and chain guide rails are arranged for traction transmission, and a supporting bracket matched with a slope and a detachable track design are combined; the problem that a photovoltaic module transportation path is difficult to arrange under the complex mountain terrain is solved; the photovoltaic module protection structure 5 arranged in the conveying trolley assembly effectively reduces the vibration and collision risks in the transportation process, the auxiliary control assembly 4 is matched to achieve accurate positioning and safety control over running of the conveying trolley assembly, and over-travel or out-of-control is avoided. The whole system does not need road repairing, is small in ecological influence and can be repeatedly disassembled and assembled for use, and the transportation efficiency and the construction safety are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of material conveying technology, specifically to a mountain photovoltaic module transportation system and method based on a dual-track conveying trolley. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, photovoltaic power generation projects are gradually expanding into mountainous areas with complex terrain. In the construction of mountain photovoltaic power stations, the safe and efficient transportation of photovoltaic modules is a crucial aspect. Due to the large size, concentrated weight, and fragile materials of the modules, traditional transportation methods are insufficient to meet practical needs. Existing technologies include cableway-style rail transport systems. For example, patent CN120664283A discloses a rail transport system for transferring photovoltaic modules in mountainous areas. This system uses multiple support poles on the hillside to support a steel cableway, and installs movable hoisting equipment on the cableway. A drive unit propels the system back and forth along the cableway to transfer the photovoltaic panel materials. This system expands its coverage area by adding intermediate support poles, reducing blind spots and making it suitable for dispersed installation sites.

[0003] However, the aforementioned cableway system has significant drawbacks: the flexible cables are prone to swaying under wind and load, leading to component collisions and damage during transport; poor positioning accuracy prevents precise docking, necessitating manual secondary handling; the support poles rely on pre-buried foundations, resulting in insufficient stability on steep slopes or in areas with soft soil; and the system suffers from low single-carrying capacity, high construction costs, complex maintenance, and overall low efficiency and economy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dedicated photovoltaic module transport system that can adapt to mountainous sloping terrain, operate stably, provide precise positioning, and is safe and efficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mountain photovoltaic module transportation system and method based on a dual-track transport trolley, which can solve the problems of unstable transportation, low positioning accuracy, poor safety and low efficiency in the existing mountain photovoltaic module transportation methods.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley, including a conveyor track assembly and an auxiliary control assembly; The conveyor track assembly includes two parallel and symmetrically arranged tracks formed by several track bodies. Chain guides are laid parallel on the two tracks, and multiple support brackets are spaced apart below the track bodies. The main track is equipped with a conveyor trolley assembly and the conveyor trolley assembly is connected to a power transmission assembly. The power transmission assembly includes a drive device connected to the conveyor trolley assembly and a conveyor chain is arranged along the chain guide rail. The auxiliary control components include a chain tensioning device, a limiting component, and a control system electrically connected to the drive device. The chain tensioning device and the limiting component are installed at the top of the circular track of the track body, and the limiting component is located at both ends of the track body. The conveyor trolley assembly also has a photovoltaic module protective structure inside.

[0006] In one optional embodiment, the transport trolley assembly includes a frame body, a set of wheels, and a chain connection assembly; the frame body is provided with an assembly bearing platform, the set of wheels is adapted to the track body and slides along the track body, and the chain connection assembly is connected to the power transmission assembly.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the photovoltaic module protective structure includes a vibration protection component and an anti-collision protection component. The vibration protection component and the anti-collision protection component are disposed between the module support platform and the vehicle frame body, and the anti-collision protection component is disposed on the inner side of the side guard of the module support platform.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the chain tensioning device is a screw-type tensioning mechanism, including a tensioning frame, a tensioning screw, a track clamp, and a base. The tensioning screw is threadedly connected to the tensioning frame. The tensioning frame has a threaded hole adapted to the tensioning screw. The tensioning screw passes laterally through the threaded hole, and its end facing the track is movably connected to the inner side of the tensioning frame via a bearing. The tensioning frame is connected to the track clamp, and the track clamps are assembled in pairs on the side of the tensioning frame facing the conveyor track. The inner side of the clamp has a slot adapted to the chain guide rail. The tensioning frame and the base are slidably connected.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, each track body is connected to a high-strength bolt via a flange to form a track, and wear-resistant gaskets are provided at the connection points of each track body; the track is laid along the slope of the hillside and the inclination angle is consistent with the slope of the hillside.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the component support platform is made of rectangular steel pipe welded to the vehicle frame body, the bottom of the component support platform is covered with patterned steel plate, and the component support platform is surrounded by a fence.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, a chain connector is welded to the center of the bottom of the frame body. The chain connector has a pin hole adapted to the conveyor chain. The chain connector is connected to the link of the conveyor chain through the pin. Both ends of the pin are fixed with cotter pins.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the vibration protection component consists of four shock-absorbing springs, which are respectively arranged at the four corners of the component's support platform; the impact protection component consists of EVA cushioning cotton.

[0013] The second aspect of this application provides a method for using a mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track transport trolley, employing any of the aforementioned systems, including the following steps: The photovoltaic modules are placed on the conveyor trolley assembly, and the photovoltaic modules are protected by the photovoltaic module protection structure inside the conveyor trolley assembly. The control system starts the drive unit, which drives the conveyor chain to run along the chain guide rail, thereby driving the conveyor trolley assembly to move along the main track body; During transportation, the operating status of the conveyor trolley component is monitored by the control system. When the conveyor trolley component approaches the two ends of the main track, the limit component is triggered and feedback is sent to the control system, which then controls the drive device to decelerate or stop. After the transport trolley components reach the designated position, the drive device is stopped by the control system, the photovoltaic modules are unloaded, and then the drive device is controlled by the control system to drive the transport trolley components back to the track body.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the photovoltaic module is placed on the conveying trolley assembly, and the photovoltaic module is protected by the photovoltaic module protective structure inside the conveying trolley assembly. Specifically, the photovoltaic module is placed on the module bearing platform, the displacement of the photovoltaic module is restricted by the surrounding fence, and the anti-vibration protection component and the anti-collision protection component are used to achieve anti-vibration and anti-collision protection respectively. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention provides a mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley. By setting up two parallel and symmetrically arranged tracks and chain guides for traction transmission, combined with slope-adaptive support brackets and a detachable track design, it solves the problem of difficult-to-arrange photovoltaic module transportation paths in complex mountainous terrain. The built-in photovoltaic module protection structure within the conveyor trolley effectively reduces the risk of vibration and collisions during transportation. Combined with auxiliary control components, it achieves precise positioning and safe control of the conveyor trolley's module operation, preventing overtravel or loss of control. The entire system requires no road construction, has minimal ecological impact, and can be repeatedly disassembled and reused, significantly improving transportation efficiency and construction safety. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track transport trolley, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor track assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the chain guide rail in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4This is a front view of the transport trolley assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a side view of the transport trolley assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary control component in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary control component in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary control component in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration protection component in the photovoltaic module protection structure of this invention.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-collision protection structure for photovoltaic modules in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram, 11 is the main track; 12 is the chain guide rail; 13 is the support bracket; 21 is the main frame; 22 is the component carrying platform; 23 is the traveling wheel set; 24 is the chain connection assembly; 31 is the drive device; 32 is the conveyor chain; 41 is the chain tensioning device; 42 is the limit assembly; 43 is the control system; 51 is the vibration protection assembly; and 52 is the impact protection assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0027] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0032] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0033] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0034] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0035] The accompanying drawings illustrate various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0036] With the development of the new energy industry, photovoltaic power station construction is gradually extending to mountainous areas with complex terrain. In slopes ranging from 15° to 45°, traditional transportation methods face severe challenges: manual handling is labor-intensive, inefficient, and prone to component damage or personnel accidents due to slippery surfaces; while cableway transport can overcome obstacles, the lifting equipment is subject to severe swaying due to wind, resulting in a high risk of component collisions and significant positioning deviations, requiring secondary manual adjustments; small construction machinery requires the construction of temporary roads, damaging vegetation, increasing construction costs, and exhibiting poor stability on steep slopes, with vibrations easily causing hidden damage to photovoltaic modules. Furthermore, existing general-purpose transport systems lack designs adapted to mountainous slope conditions, have non-sloping tracks, lack bidirectional drive functionality, and lack anti-tipping and shock absorption measures for the trolleys, making it difficult to achieve safe, accurate, and efficient component transportation. Therefore, See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 This application proposes a mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track transport trolley, including a transport track component 1 and an auxiliary control component 4; The conveying track assembly 1 includes two parallel and symmetrically arranged tracks formed by several track bodies 11. Chain guide rails 12 are laid parallel on the two tracks, and multiple support brackets 13 are spaced apart below the track bodies 11. The main track 11 is equipped with a conveyor trolley assembly 2 and the conveyor trolley assembly 2 is connected to a power transmission assembly 3. The power transmission assembly 3 includes a drive device 31 connected to the conveyor trolley assembly 2 and a conveyor chain 32 arranged along the chain guide rail 12. The auxiliary control component 4 includes a chain tensioning device 41, a limiting component 42, and a control system 43 electrically connected to the drive device 31. The chain tensioning device 41 and the limiting component 42 are installed at the top of the circular track of the track body 11, and the limiting component 42 is located at both ends of the track body 11. The inside of the conveyor trolley component 2 is also equipped with a photovoltaic module protective structure 5.

[0037] The main track 11 is constructed of high-strength metal profiles, such as Q235B hot-rolled I-beams, possessing sufficient bending and shear resistance to withstand the dynamic loads of the conveyor trolley under full load. Chain guides 12 are laid parallel above the track to guide the smooth operation of the conveyor chain 32. Their material can be self-lubricating non-metallic materials such as nylon to reduce frictional resistance and maintenance frequency. Support brackets 13 are spaced along the track length, typically one set every 3 meters. Their bottoms are fixed to a concrete foundation via embedded parts, ensuring the track's stability and anti-slip performance on slopes and adapting to installation requirements under different geological conditions.

[0038] The conveyor trolley assembly 2 is mounted on the track body 11 and moves actively via the power transmission assembly 3. The core of the power transmission assembly 3 is the coordinated action of the drive unit 31 and the conveyor chain 32: the drive unit 31 typically uses a three-phase asynchronous brake motor with forward and reverse rotation capabilities, coupled with a planetary gear reducer, and is installed on a concrete base at the start or end of the track. Its output shaft meshes with the conveyor chain 32 via a sprocket, driving the chain to circulate along the chain guide rail 12. The conveyor chain 32 is a high-strength plate-type sleeve roller chain, strengthened by heat treatment, possessing excellent tensile strength and fatigue life, and capable of reliable operation under continuous tension. The conveyor trolley assembly 2 is rigidly connected to the conveyor chain 32 via a chain connection assembly, moving synchronously with the chain to achieve upward or downward transport. This transmission method avoids the slippage, elongation, or breakage problems that may be caused by flexible steel wire rope traction, improving the accuracy and reliability of power transmission.

[0039] A chain tensioning device 41 is located on the annular section at the top of the track and is used to adjust the initial tension of the conveyor chain 32, compensate for chain slack caused by temperature changes, wear, or slope differences, and prevent chain skipping or jamming. In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, the chain tensioning device 41 can be a screw-type tensioning mechanism, including a tensioning frame, a tensioning screw, a track clamp, and a base. The tensioning screw is threadedly connected to the tensioning frame, and the tensioning frame has a threaded hole adapted to the tensioning screw. The tensioning screw passes laterally through the threaded hole, and its end facing the track is movably connected to the inner side of the tensioning frame through a bearing. The tensioning frame is connected to the track clamp, and the track clamps are assembled in pairs on the side of the tensioning frame facing the conveyor track. The inner side of the clamp has a groove adapted to the chain guide rail. The tensioning frame and the base are slidably connected. By rotating the screw, the tensioning frame is pushed to move the track clamp, thereby adjusting the chain wrap angle and tension. The operation is simple and the adjustment accuracy is high.

[0040] Limiting components 42 are located at both ends of the track body 11 to detect the position status of the conveyor trolley as it approaches the end point. When the trolley reaches the predetermined stopping point, a trigger signal is sent to the control system 43 to achieve automatic deceleration or emergency braking. The control system 43 is electrically connected to the drive unit 31, uses a PLC as the core controller, integrates a touch screen human-machine interface, supports manual and automatic mode switching, and has programmable control functions such as start / stop, speed adjustment, reciprocating logic, and abnormal alarms, improving the system's intelligence level and ease of operation. The photovoltaic module protection structure 5 is integrated inside the conveyor trolley component 2 to reduce the risk of mechanical impact and collision during transportation, protect the fragile photovoltaic modules from damage such as microcracks and edge breakage, and improve the module integrity rate.

[0041] The aforementioned components are interconnected: the track body 11 provides structural support and a guiding path; the chain guide rail 12 guides the conveyor chain 32 to run smoothly; the drive device 31 provides the power source; the conveyor chain 32 transmits power to the conveyor trolley assembly 2; the control system 43 coordinates the operating rhythm; the limit assembly 42 ensures accurate end positioning; the chain tensioning device 41 maintains transmission stability; and the photovoltaic module protective structure 5 improves loading safety at a microscopic level. The entire system requires no large construction access roads, only local foundation fixation, minimal ecological disturbance, and a modular structure that facilitates disassembly, assembly, and reuse, making it suitable for mountainous environments with varying slopes and distances.

[0042] In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, see [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 5 The conveyor trolley assembly 2 includes a frame body 21, a set of wheels 23, and a chain connection assembly 24. The frame body 21 is provided with an assembly bearing platform 22, the set of wheels 23 is adapted to the track body 11 and slides along the track body 11, and the chain connection assembly 24 is connected to the power transmission assembly 3.

[0043] The module-bearing platform 22 is positioned above the main frame, serving as the working surface for directly supporting the photovoltaic modules. Its surface is flat and has an anti-slip treatment to ensure stable placement of the modules. The platform can be adjusted to accommodate different photovoltaic panel sizes, making it suitable for transporting various module models. The wheel assembly 23 is installed below the main frame and forms a sliding fit with the track body 11. Its function is to guide the trolley to run smoothly along the preset track direction. Each side of the wheel assembly corresponds to one track body, with multiple wheels configured to distribute the load, reduce local pressure, and improve running stability and track adaptability. The outline shape of the wheels matches the upper flange of the track body, adapting to the upper flange width and thickness of the Q235B hot-rolled I-beam I14 profile, ensuring smooth rolling on the track without derailment or jamming. The wheels are made of wear-resistant polyurethane with a hardness of 90A, possessing both a high coefficient of friction and cushioning performance. This effectively transmits driving force and absorbs some vibration energy, reducing the impact on the photovoltaic modules. In addition, the traveling wheels are connected to the axle via deep groove ball bearings, which reduces rotational resistance and improves operating efficiency.

[0044] In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, see [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 11 The photovoltaic module protective structure 5 includes a vibration damping protection component 51 and an impact protection component 52. The vibration damping protection component 51 and the impact protection component 52 are disposed between the module support platform 22 and the vehicle frame body 21. The impact protection component 52 is disposed inside the edge of the module support platform 22. The vibration damping protection component 51 absorbs vertical vibration energy, reducing the peak acceleration transmitted to the photovoltaic module. The impact protection component 52 is arranged at the edge area of ​​the module support platform 22 to prevent the module from making hard contact with the metal structure due to inertial displacement.

[0045] The vibration damping protection component 51 is disposed between the component support platform 22 and the vehicle frame body 21, serving as an elastic transition layer between the load-bearing structures. The vibration damping protection component 51 can be implemented in various forms, such as coil springs, rubber pads, hydraulic dampers, or air springs—elements with elastic recovery capabilities. Optionally, metal springs or high-damping rubber materials with good fatigue performance and environmental adaptability can be selected to ensure stability during long-term operation. The installation position of the vibration damping protection component 51 can be optimized according to the force distribution of the support platform, for example, by placing it at the four corners or near the center of gravity to achieve uniform support and dynamic balance. This design is particularly suitable for mountainous conditions with frequent slope changes and strong road surface excitation, significantly suppressing the propagation of high-frequency vibrations and preventing microcracks or hidden cracks in the photovoltaic glass substrate.

[0046] The anti-collision protection component 52 is installed inside the retaining edge of the module support platform 22, directly facing possible lateral displacement or deflection. The main function of the anti-collision protection component 52 is to preferentially contact and absorb impact energy when the photovoltaic module slides or shakes, preventing mechanical damage such as scratches and chipping caused by the metal edge to the module frame or glass surface. The anti-collision protection component 52 can be made of flexible cushioning materials, such as EVA cushioning cotton, polyurethane foam, silicone pads, or felt strips, which have good resilience and wear resistance. In addition, a replaceable modular structure can be adopted for easy maintenance and replacement. Installation methods include adhesive bonding, snap-fit ​​fixing, or screw connection, ensuring that it will not fall off under long-term vibration.

[0047] In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the component carrying platform 22 is welded to the frame body 21 by rectangular steel pipes. The bottom of the component carrying platform 22 is covered with a patterned steel plate, and a fence is provided around the component carrying platform 22. In this embodiment, the component carrying platform 22 formed by welding rectangular steel pipes, combined with the bottom patterned steel plate to increase friction and the surrounding fence to limit space, solves the technical problem of photovoltaic modules being prone to sliding, tipping over, or edge collisions during transportation in complex terrain.

[0048] In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, a chain connector is welded to the bottom center of the frame body 21. The chain connector has a pin hole adapted to the conveyor chain 32. The chain connector is connected to the link of the conveyor chain 32 through the pin. Both ends of the pin are fixed with cotter pins.

[0049] In another embodiment of the present invention, a method for using a mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track transport trolley, employing the above-mentioned transportation system, includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the photovoltaic module on the conveyor trolley assembly 2 and use the photovoltaic module protection structure 5 inside the conveyor trolley assembly 2 to protect the photovoltaic module; This step involves smoothly placing the photovoltaic modules to be transported onto the module-bearing platform 22 of the transport trolley module 2. The module-bearing platform 22 is a rigid structure welded from rectangular steel pipes, with a patterned steel plate laid on its bottom to enhance surface friction and prevent module slippage. A metal fence is installed around the platform to limit the lateral displacement of the photovoltaic modules during ramp operation, preventing modules from slipping or colliding with edges due to inertia. The transport trolley module 2 integrates a photovoltaic module protective structure 5, including a vibration-damping protection component 51 and an anti-collision protection component 52. The vibration-damping protection component 51 can be selected as four shock-absorbing springs, respectively arranged at the four corners of the module-bearing platform 22, located between the platform and the main frame 21. Through elastic deformation, it absorbs the vibration impact caused by track joints and terrain undulations during transportation, effectively reducing the risk of microcracks in the photovoltaic module glass panels due to vibration. The anti-collision protection component 52 uses EVA cushioning cotton, which is pasted on the inner side of the edge of the module-bearing platform 22 to form a soft contact interface, preventing the edges of the photovoltaic modules from directly colliding with the metal structure, causing frame deformation or glass chipping.

[0050] Step 2: Start the drive device 31 through the control system 43. The drive device 31 drives the conveyor chain 32 to run along the chain guide rail 12, thereby driving the conveyor trolley assembly 2 to move along the track body 11. The control system 43 uses a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) as its core control unit and is equipped with a touchscreen human-machine interface, supporting both manual and automatic operation modes. In automatic mode, after the operator sets the operating parameters and clicks the "start" command, the control system 43 sends a forward rotation signal to the drive unit 31. The drive unit 31 consists of a three-phase asynchronous brake motor and a planetary gear reducer. The motor has an electromagnetic braking function with a response time of ≤0.3 seconds, enabling rapid locking upon power failure to ensure operational safety. A sprocket is mounted on the reducer output shaft, meshing with the conveyor chain 32 for transmission. The conveyor chain 32 is a national standard plate-type sleeve roller chain, made of 20Mn2 material and hardened, possessing high strength and fatigue resistance, forming a closed loop along the chain guide rail 12 laid above the track body 11. The chain connection assembly 24 is rigidly connected to the chain links of the conveyor chain 32 via pins, with both ends of the pins locked with cotter pins to ensure reliable transmission of traction force. When the drive unit 31 is running, the power is converted into linear traction force through the sprocket-chain transmission system, propelling the conveyor trolley assembly 2 to move smoothly uphill along two parallel track bodies 11. The track bodies 11 are made of Q235B hot-rolled I-beams, model I14, with a center-to-center spacing designed to be 1m to 1.2m according to the standard size of photovoltaic modules. Each side of the walking wheel set 23 is equipped with three wear-resistant polyurethane wheels with a hardness of 90A, for a total of six wheels clamping the flanges of the I-beams, achieving double-track guidance and preventing the trolley from tipping over.

[0051] Step 3: During transportation, the operating status of the conveyor trolley assembly 2 is monitored by the control system 43. When the conveyor trolley assembly 2 approaches both ends of the track body 11, the limit assembly 42 is triggered and fed back to the control system 43, which then controls the drive device 31 to decelerate or stop. The limiting component 42 is a mechanically triggered position detection device, comprising a limiting baffle and a limiting switch. The limiting baffle is fixed to the front or rear end of the conveyor trolley component 2 and moves synchronously with the trolley; the limiting switch is installed at the designated stopping positions at both ends of the track body 11 and is electrically connected to the control system 43. When the trolley reaches the destination area within 0.5m of the target position, the limiting baffle first touches the limiting switch, generating an electrical signal that is fed back to the PLC control system 43 in real time. Upon receiving the signal, the control system 43 immediately executes the preset logic: first, it issues a deceleration command to reduce the speed of the drive device 31, entering a slow-stop phase; then, upon reaching the precise position, it cuts off the power output and activates the electromagnetic brake, allowing the trolley to stop smoothly within a 0.5m braking distance, with a positioning accuracy of ±5mm. This process constitutes a closed-loop position control mechanism, avoiding efficiency losses caused by inertia causing the trolley to derail or repeated adjustments. The control system 43 also integrates overload protection, tension abnormality alarm, and an emergency stop button. Once a sudden increase in current, chain slack, or human intervention signal is detected, the operation process is immediately interrupted.

[0052] Step 4: After the transport trolley assembly 2 reaches the designated position, the drive device 31 is stopped by the control system 43, the photovoltaic module is unloaded, and then the drive device 31 is controlled by the control system 43 to drive the transport trolley assembly 2 to reset along the track body 11.

[0053] After the trolley precisely stops at the installation point, the control system 43 confirms the stability of the limit signal, automatically shuts off the power to the drive unit 31, and maintains braking to ensure the trolley remains stationary during loading and unloading. On-site personnel open the fence gate or loosen the fixing devices to remove the photovoltaic modules from the module support platform 22, completing the delivery to the installation station. After loading and unloading, the operator selects the "return trip" command on the touchscreen, or the system automatically triggers a reset procedure based on a preset delay adjustable from 0 to 300 seconds. The control system 43 then sends a reverse signal to the drive unit 31, causing the motor to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the conveyor chain 32 to run in the opposite direction, pulling the empty trolley down the original track back to the starting position. During the reset process, the control system 43 continues to monitor the operating status. When approaching the starting point, the limit component 42 is triggered again, executing a deceleration-stop-braking process to ensure the trolley accurately returns to its position, ready for the next cycle of transport. The entire round trip process requires no manual traction or auxiliary equipment intervention, forming a highly efficient closed-loop operation process.

[0054] In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic module is placed on the conveying trolley assembly 2, and the photovoltaic module is protected by the photovoltaic module protective structure 5 inside the conveying trolley assembly 2. Specifically, the photovoltaic module is placed on the module carrying platform 22, the displacement of the photovoltaic module is restricted by the surrounding fence, and the anti-vibration protection component 51 and the anti-collision protection component 52 are used to achieve anti-vibration and anti-collision protection respectively.

[0055] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley, characterized in that, It includes a conveyor track assembly (1) and an auxiliary control assembly (4); The conveying track assembly (1) includes two parallel and symmetrically arranged tracks formed by several track bodies (11), with chain guide rails (12) laid parallel on the two tracks, and multiple support brackets (13) spaced apart below the track bodies (11). The track body (11) is provided with a conveying trolley assembly (2) and the conveying trolley assembly (2) is connected to a power transmission assembly (3). The power transmission assembly (3) includes a drive device (31) connected to the conveying trolley assembly (2) and a conveying chain (32) is arranged along the chain guide rail (12). The auxiliary control component (4) includes a chain tensioning device (41), a limiting component (42), and a control system (43) electrically connected to the drive device (31). The chain tensioning device (41) and the limiting component (42) are installed at the top of the circular track of the track body (11), and the limiting component (42) is located at both ends of the track body (11). The conveying trolley assembly (2) also has a photovoltaic module protective structure (5) inside.

2. The mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying trolley assembly (2) includes a frame body (21), a set of wheels (23), and a chain connection assembly (24); the frame body (21) is provided with a component carrying platform (22), the set of wheels (23) is adapted to the track body (11) and slides along the track body (11), and the chain connection assembly (24) is connected to the power transmission assembly (3).

3. A mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module protective structure (5) includes a vibration protection component (51) and a collision protection component (52). The vibration protection component (51) and the collision protection component (52) are located between the module support platform (22) and the vehicle frame body (21). The collision protection component (52) is located inside the edge of the module support platform (22).

4. A mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chain tensioning device (41) is a screw-type tensioning mechanism, including a tensioning frame, a tensioning screw, a track clamp, and a base. The tensioning screw is connected to the tensioning frame by a thread. The tensioning frame has a threaded hole that matches the tensioning screw. The tensioning screw passes through the threaded hole laterally, and its end facing the track is movably connected to the inner side of the tensioning frame by a bearing. The tensioning frame is connected to the track clamp. The track clamps are assembled in pairs on the side of the tensioning frame facing the conveying track. The inner side of the clamp has a slot that matches the chain guide rail. The tensioning frame and the base are slidably connected.

5. A mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each track body (11) is connected to a high-strength bolt via a flange to form a track, and wear-resistant gaskets are provided at the connection of each track body (11); the track is laid along the slope of the hillside and the inclination angle is consistent with the slope of the hillside.

6. A mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley according to claim 2, characterized in that, The component support platform (22) is welded to the frame body (21) by rectangular steel pipes. The bottom of the component support platform (22) is covered with patterned steel plates, and the component support platform (22) is surrounded by a fence.

7. A mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley according to claim 6, characterized in that, A chain connector is welded to the bottom center of the frame body (21). The chain connector has a pin hole that is compatible with the conveyor chain (32). The pin is connected to the link of the conveyor chain (32). Both ends of the pin are fixed with cotter pins.

8. A mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vibration protection component (51) consists of four shock-absorbing springs, which are respectively arranged at the four corners of the component support platform (22); the anti-collision protection component (52) consists of EVA cushioning cotton.

9. A method for using a mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley, characterized in that, The transportation system according to any one of claims 1-8 includes the following steps: The photovoltaic module is placed on the conveyor trolley assembly (2), and the photovoltaic module is protected by the photovoltaic module protection structure (5) inside the conveyor trolley assembly (2); The drive unit (31) is started by the control system (43), and the drive unit (31) drives the conveyor chain (32) to run along the chain guide rail (12), thereby driving the conveyor trolley assembly (2) to move along the track body (11); During transportation, the operating status of the conveying trolley assembly (2) is monitored by the control system (43). When the conveying trolley assembly (2) approaches both ends of the track body (11), the limit assembly (42) is triggered and fed back to the control system (43), which then controls the drive device (31) to decelerate or stop. After the transport trolley assembly (2) reaches the designated position, the drive device (31) is stopped by the control system (43), the photovoltaic module is unloaded, and then the drive device (31) is controlled by the control system (43) to drive the transport trolley assembly (2) to reset along the track body (11).

10. The method of using a mountain photovoltaic module transportation system based on a dual-track conveyor trolley according to claim 9, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module is placed on the conveyor trolley assembly (2). The photovoltaic module is protected by the photovoltaic module protection structure (5) inside the conveyor trolley assembly (2). Specifically, the photovoltaic module is placed on the module bearing platform (22). The displacement of the photovoltaic module is restricted by the surrounding fence. The anti-vibration protection component (51) and the anti-collision protection component (52) are used to achieve anti-vibration and anti-collision protection respectively.

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