Window leveling construction method based on plastering and screeding

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of leveling construction, and discloses a window leveling construction method based on plastering and screeding, which comprises the following steps: determining the leveling thickness according to the measurement size of a window, performing reference control line elastic setting, and determining the distance between ribs so as to calibrate the positions of the ribs; the perpendicularity and the size of the window are calibrated and checked in sequence through a laser perpendicularity instrument, and screeding is conducted according to the leveling thickness and the calibrated rib positions; and plastering and leveling treatment is conducted on the interior and the exterior of the window by taking the screeding strip after screeding as the benchmark, and after the window plastering quality reaches the standard, the outer window installation procedure is started, and the connection of the leveling effect and the installation precision is achieved. The light gypsum or cement mortar for plastering the inner wall is adopted to replace a steel auxiliary frame at the window opening in advance, then plastering is conducted inside and outside, the screed is leveled, the leakage risk of the steel and plastic auxiliary frame is avoided, the cost can be negligible compared with that of the auxiliary frame, application and popularization can be achieved, and a large number of social resources can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of leveling construction technology, and more specifically, to a window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips. Background Technology

[0002] Window openings are crucial links connecting a building to its external environment, serving multiple functions such as ventilation, lighting, insulation, and soundproofing. They are key factors influencing the overall performance and living comfort of a building. As a critical connection between the interior and exterior of a building, the smoothness of the plaster and the dimensional accuracy of the window opening are essential for the subsequent installation of the window frame. The traditional method involves first constructing a subframe using galvanized rectangular steel pipes or PVC rectangular profiles, then leveling the interior and exterior walls with the subframe before installing the main frame. This method is very costly, and because the subframe and plaster materials are different, the junction between the two materials can easily create water seepage channels, which is detrimental to waterproofing.

[0003] Therefore, traditional construction methods have the following defects or shortcomings: 1. The lack of a unified leveling benchmark for interior and exterior plastering leads to unevenness and verticality deviation at the junction, which in turn causes difficulties in window frame installation and poor sealing performance. This not only increases the cost of later maintenance, but also affects the user experience of the owners and the reputation of the project. 2. Window construction involves multiple work teams. Due to the lack of clear scope division standards, problems such as shirking responsibility and repetitive work often arise, which not only reduces construction efficiency but also causes quality fluctuations. 3. The traditional solution using a steel subframe is costly.

[0004] No effective solutions have yet been proposed to address the problems in the relevant technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the problems in related technologies, this invention proposes a window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips to overcome the aforementioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0006] Therefore, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips includes the following steps: S1. Determine the leveling thickness based on the measured dimensions of the window, and set the baseline control line to determine the rib spacing in order to calibrate the rib position; S2. Use a laser verticality instrument to calibrate and verify the verticality and dimensions of the window in sequence, and make screeds according to the leveling thickness and the marked rib positions. S3. Using the screed strip after screeding as a reference, perform plastering and leveling treatment on the inside and outside of the window. After the plastering quality of the window meets the standards, start the external window installation process to achieve the connection between the leveling effect and the installation accuracy.

[0007] Furthermore, the process of determining the leveling thickness based on the measured dimensions of the window, setting the reference control line, and determining the rib spacing to calibrate the rib position includes the following steps: S11. Measure the actual size of the window, compare the actual size with the design size, and determine the leveling thickness based on the comparison results; S12. Mark the inner control line parallel to the window frame at the edge of the window, and mark the diagonal lines at the four corners of the window as the start and end marks of the ribs. S13. Determine the spacing of the vertical ribs around the window, and set a horizontal rib at a distance of one from the top and bottom edges in the horizontal direction to ensure that the four corners of the window are supported by ribs.

[0008] Furthermore, the process of using a laser verticality instrument to calibrate and verify the verticality and dimensions of the window sequentially, and then applying screeds according to the leveling thickness and the marked rib positions, includes the following steps: S21. Place the laser vertical instrument at the center of the window for leveling and calibration. Use the calibrated laser vertical instrument to project vertical lines onto the walls on both sides of the window, and ensure that the verticality deviation meets the preset requirements. S22. Use a laser vertical instrument to project cross lines, which intersect with the control lines inside the window to form a grid, and then check the equality of the diagonals of the window based on the grid. S23. Mark the intersection of the vertical laser line and the control line inside the window, and use a ruler to connect the upper and lower marked points to pop up the rib baseline. S24. Based on the leveling thickness and the marked rib positions, use gypsum or cement mortar to perform screed treatment.

[0009] Furthermore, when the interior wall plaster is made of gypsum, gypsum material is used for screeding; when the interior wall plaster is made of cement mortar, cement mortar is used for screeding.

[0010] Furthermore, when the interior walls are plastered, the interior plastering team shall create screed strips at the junction of the interior and exterior plastering. When the interior walls are plastered with cement mortar, the interior wall cement mortar plastering team shall create cement screed points at the junction.

[0011] Furthermore, the use of plaster for screed treatment includes: Using a straightedge as a mold, apply plaster evenly to one side of the straightedge; Place the straightedge firmly against the inner control line of the window and press it down with a trowel so that the thickness of the plaster strip is higher than the inner control line. Remove the straightedge and use a trowel to smooth the edges of the screed strips to ensure they are smooth.

[0012] Furthermore, the use of cement mortar for screed treatment includes: Mark the locations of the screed points and ensure that screed points are set at all four corners of the window; Apply a thin layer of cement mortar as a base at the marked screed point, and then apply a second layer of cement mortar to form a circular screed point, making the thickness of the screed point higher than the inner control line. Use a straightedge to smooth the surface of the screed points against the inner control line, making them flush with the inner control line to ensure that the flatness and verticality of each screed point are consistent.

[0013] Furthermore, the process of leveling the interior and exterior of the window using the leveled screed strip as a reference, and then initiating the exterior window installation process after the window plastering quality meets the standards, to achieve a connection between the leveling effect and installation accuracy, includes the following steps: S31. Use a trowel to evenly apply the leveling material around the window, and control the thickness to be less than the height of the screed strip; S32. Using the screed strip after screeding as a reference, use a straightedge to repeatedly scrape it flat in the horizontal and vertical directions until it is flush with the surface of the screed strip. S33. After the base layer of plaster has initially set, the surface layer is applied. After smoothing with a trowel, it is finished. The flatness and verticality are checked with a straightedge and corner ruler to ensure that the plastering quality of the window meets the standards. S34. After the window plastering quality meets the standard, the window frame installation position line is marked on the window plastering surface, and the window frame is placed smoothly into the window and temporarily fixed with wooden wedges. S35. Use a laser level and straightedge to calibrate the window frame. Once the calibration is correct, use fasteners to fix the window frame to the wall, ensuring even distribution to achieve a connection between leveling effect and installation accuracy.

[0014] Furthermore, before applying the leveling material evenly around the window using a trowel and controlling the thickness to be less than the height of the screed strip, the construction area is divided. The area within a preset distance from the outside of the ordinary window structure is to be plastered by the exterior wall plastering team, and the remaining area is to be plastered by the interior wall plastering team.

[0015] Furthermore, before the window frame is smoothly placed into the window and temporarily secured with wooden wedges, the exterior wall is sprayed with real stone paint.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1) This invention utilizes lightweight gypsum or cement mortar to pre-cast ribs at window openings instead of steel subframes for interior wall plastering, followed by interior and exterior plastering and leveling with the ribs. This not only eliminates the leakage risk of steel or plastic subframes, but also makes the cost negligible compared to subframes, and its widespread use can save a significant amount of social resources.

[0017] 2) Improve construction efficiency: By clearly defining the scope, we can avoid shirking responsibility and repetitive work, enabling synchronous construction by work teams and significantly shortening the cycle; by unifying the leveling benchmark, we can reduce measurement and adjustment steps and make the connection between processes more efficient.

[0018] 3) Strengthen quality control: The screed strips (points) provide a precise reference for plastering, effectively ensuring the flatness and verticality of the junction and solving the problem of window frame installation; accurately control the opening size, reduce rework, and at the same time make the caulking of the inner and outer walls straight, improving the appearance quality.

[0019] 4) Optimize cost expenditure: Compared with the traditional steel sub-frame solution, the cost is negligible, and no additional expenses are added while improving the effect; clear responsibilities reduce material and labor waste, and the screeding process improves the accuracy of plastering and reduces material consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention. These drawings are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these drawings, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation methods and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips is provided.

[0024] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Determine the leveling thickness based on the measured dimensions of the window, and set the baseline control line to determine the rib spacing in order to calibrate the rib position; The process of determining the leveling thickness based on the measured dimensions of the window, setting the reference control line, and determining the rib spacing to calibrate the rib position includes the following steps: S11. Measure the actual size of the window, compare the actual size with the design size, and determine the leveling thickness based on the comparison results; S12. Mark the inner control line parallel to the window frame at the edge of the window, and mark the diagonal lines at the four corners of the window as the start and end marks of the ribs. S13. Determine the spacing of the vertical ribs around the window, and set a horizontal rib at a distance of one from the top and bottom edges in the horizontal direction to ensure that the four corners of the window are supported by ribs.

[0025] S2. Use a laser verticality instrument to calibrate and verify the verticality and dimensions of the window in sequence, and make screeds according to the leveling thickness and the marked rib positions. The process of using a laser verticality instrument to calibrate and verify the verticality and dimensions of the window, and then applying screeds according to the leveling thickness and the marked rib positions, includes the following steps: S21. Place the laser vertical instrument at the center of the window for leveling and calibration. Use the calibrated laser vertical instrument to project vertical lines onto the walls on both sides of the window, and ensure that the verticality deviation meets the preset requirements. S22. Use a laser vertical instrument to project cross lines, which intersect with the control lines inside the window to form a grid, and then check the equality of the diagonals of the window based on the grid. S23. Mark the intersection of the vertical laser line and the control line inside the window, and use a ruler to connect the upper and lower marked points to pop up the rib baseline. S24. Based on the leveling thickness and the marked rib positions, use gypsum or cement mortar to perform screed treatment.

[0026] Specifically, when the interior wall plaster is gypsum, gypsum material is used for screeding; when the interior wall plaster is cement mortar, cement mortar is used for screeding.

[0027] Specifically, when the interior wall is plastered, the interior plastering team shall make screed strips at the junction of the interior and exterior plastering. When the interior walls are plastered with cement mortar, the interior wall cement mortar plastering team shall create cement screed points at the junction.

[0028] Among them, the use of plaster for screed treatment includes: Using a straightedge as a mold, apply plaster evenly to one side of the straightedge; Place the straightedge firmly against the inner control line of the window and press it down with a trowel so that the thickness of the plaster strip is higher than the inner control line. Remove the straightedge and use a trowel to smooth the edges of the screed strips to ensure they are smooth.

[0029] The use of cement mortar for screed treatment includes: Mark the locations of the screed points and ensure that screed points are set at all four corners of the window; Apply a thin layer of cement mortar as a base at the marked screed point, and then apply a second layer of cement mortar to form a circular screed point, making the thickness of the screed point higher than the inner control line. Use a straightedge to smooth the surface of the screed points against the inner control line, making them flush with the inner control line to ensure that the flatness and verticality of each screed point are consistent.

[0030] S3. Using the screed strip after screeding as a reference, perform plastering and leveling treatment on the inside and outside of the window. After the plastering quality of the window meets the standards, start the external window installation process to achieve the connection between the leveling effect and the installation accuracy.

[0031] The process of leveling the interior and exterior of the window using the leveled screed strips as a reference, and then initiating the exterior window installation process after the window plastering quality meets the standards, to achieve a connection between the leveling effect and the installation accuracy, includes the following steps: S31. Use a trowel to evenly apply the leveling material around the window, and control the thickness to be less than the height of the screed strip; S32. Using the screed strip after screeding as a reference, use a straightedge to repeatedly scrape it flat in the horizontal and vertical directions until it is flush with the surface of the screed strip. S33. After the base layer of plaster has initially set, the surface layer is applied. After smoothing with a trowel, it is finished. The flatness and verticality are checked with a straightedge and corner ruler to ensure that the plastering quality of the window meets the standards. S34. After the window plastering quality meets the standard, the window frame installation position line is marked on the window plastering surface, and the window frame is placed smoothly into the window and temporarily fixed with wooden wedges. S35. Use a laser level and straightedge to calibrate the window frame. Once the calibration is correct, use fasteners to fix the window frame to the wall, ensuring even distribution to achieve a connection between leveling effect and installation accuracy.

[0032] Specifically, before applying the leveling material evenly around the window using a trowel and controlling the thickness to be less than the height of the screed strip, the construction area is divided. The area within a preset distance from the outside of the ordinary window structure is to be plastered by the exterior wall plastering team, and the remaining area is to be plastered by the interior wall plastering team.

[0033] Specifically, before the window frame is smoothly placed into the window and temporarily secured with wooden wedges, the exterior wall is also coated with real stone paint.

[0034] To better understand the above-mentioned technical solutions of the present invention, the technical concept of the present invention is described below: In response to the defects or shortcomings of traditional construction methods, our project team attached great importance to the issue and, in conjunction with the group's operations department, window and door company, general contractor, and other departments, conducted on-site analysis and formulated targeted improvement measures. This technology has already been successfully implemented in our projects, as detailed below: 1. Define the scope of work: The area within 7cm (excluding insulation) from the outside of the ordinary window structure shall be worked by the exterior wall plastering team, and the remaining part shall be worked by the interior wall plastering team.

[0035] Construction steps: Determine the position of the reinforcing bars → Use a laser vertical gauge to find the verticality and window size → Apply plaster (or cement mortar) reinforcing bars → Use the reinforcing bars as a reference to plaster the inside and outside of the window → Install the exterior window.

[0036] 2. Standardize construction procedures and leveling standards: Before installing the interior window frames, both interior and exterior plastering and stone-like paint application must be completed. Before finishing the openings, establish a unified leveling reference based on the type of interior wall plastering material. For interior walls plastered with gypsum, use gypsum plaster screeds; for interior walls plastered with cement mortar (such as in kitchens and bathrooms), use cement mortar screeds. ① When the interior walls are plastered, the interior plastering team shall make screed strips at the junction of the interior and exterior plastering. ② When the interior walls are plastered with cement mortar, the interior wall cement mortar plastering team shall make cement screed points at the junction.

[0037] ③ Both interior and exterior wall plastering should be leveled and finished using screed strips or screed points as a reference.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Determine the leveling thickness based on the measured dimensions of the window, and set the baseline control line to determine the rib spacing in order to calibrate the rib position; S2. Use a laser verticality instrument to calibrate and verify the verticality and dimensions of the window in sequence, and make screeds according to the leveling thickness and the marked rib positions. S3. Using the screed strip after screeding as a reference, perform plastering and leveling treatment on the inside and outside of the window. After the plastering quality of the window meets the standards, start the external window installation process to achieve the connection between the leveling effect and the installation accuracy.

2. The window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the leveling thickness based on the measured dimensions of the window, setting the reference control lines, and determining the rib spacing to calibrate the rib positions includes the following steps: S11. Measure the actual size of the window, compare the actual size with the design size, and determine the leveling thickness based on the comparison results; S12. Mark the inner control line parallel to the window frame at the edge of the window, and mark the diagonal lines at the four corners of the window as the start and end marks of the ribs. S13. Determine the spacing of the vertical ribs around the window, and set a horizontal rib at a distance of one from the top and bottom edges in the horizontal direction to ensure that the four corners of the window are supported by ribs.

3. The window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of using a laser vertical gauge to calibrate and verify the verticality and dimensions of the window, and then applying screeds according to the leveling thickness and the marked rib positions, includes the following steps: S21. Place the laser vertical instrument at the center of the window for leveling and calibration. Use the calibrated laser vertical instrument to project vertical lines onto the walls on both sides of the window, and ensure that the verticality deviation meets the preset requirements. S22. Use a laser vertical instrument to project cross lines, which intersect with the control lines inside the window to form a grid, and then check the equality of the diagonals of the window based on the grid. S23. Mark the intersection of the vertical laser line and the control line inside the window, and use a ruler to connect the upper and lower marked points to pop up the rib baseline. S24. Based on the leveling thickness and the marked rib positions, use gypsum or cement mortar to perform screed treatment.

4. The window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the interior wall plaster is made of gypsum, gypsum material is used for screeding; when the interior wall plaster is made of cement mortar, cement mortar is used for screeding.

5. The window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the interior walls are plastered, the interior plastering team shall make screed strips at the junction of the interior and exterior plastering. When the interior walls are plastered with cement mortar, the interior wall cement mortar plastering team shall create cement screed points at the junction.

6. The window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips according to claim 3, characterized in that, Plaster plaster is used for screed treatment, including: Using a straightedge as a mold, apply plaster evenly to one side of the straightedge; Place the straightedge firmly against the inner control line of the window and press it down with a trowel so that the thickness of the plaster strip is higher than the inner control line. Remove the straightedge and use a trowel to smooth the edges of the screed strips to ensure they are smooth.

7. A window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips according to claim 3, characterized in that, Cement mortar is used for screeding treatment, which includes: Mark the locations of the screed points and ensure that screed points are set at all four corners of the window; Apply a layer of cement mortar as a base at the marked screed point, and then apply a second layer of cement mortar to form a circular screed point, making the thickness of the screed point higher than the inner control line. Use a straightedge to smooth the surface of the screed points against the inner control line, making them flush with the inner control line to ensure that the flatness and verticality of each screed point are consistent.

8. The window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of leveling the interior and exterior of the window using the screed strips as a reference, and then initiating the exterior window installation process after the window plastering quality meets the standards, to achieve a connection between the leveling effect and the installation accuracy, includes the following steps: S31. Use a trowel to evenly apply the leveling material around the window, and control the thickness to be less than the height of the screed strip; S32. Using the screed strip after screeding as a reference, use a straightedge to repeatedly scrape it flat in the horizontal and vertical directions until it is flush with the surface of the screed strip. S33. After the base layer of plaster has initially set, the surface layer is applied. After smoothing with a trowel, it is finished. The flatness and verticality are checked with a straightedge and corner ruler to ensure that the plastering quality of the window meets the standards. S34. After the window plastering quality meets the standard, the window frame installation position line is marked on the window plastering surface, and the window frame is placed smoothly into the window and temporarily fixed with wooden wedges. S35. Use a laser level and straightedge to calibrate the window frame. Once the calibration is correct, use fasteners to fix the window frame to the wall, ensuring even distribution to achieve a connection between leveling effect and installation accuracy.

9. A window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips according to claim 8, characterized in that, Before applying the leveling material evenly around the window using a trowel and controlling the thickness to be less than the height of the screed strip, the process also includes dividing the construction area. Specifically, the exterior wall plastering team will work within a preset distance from the outside of the ordinary window structure, while the interior wall plastering team will work on the remaining part.

10. A window leveling construction method based on plastering screed strips according to claim 8, characterized in that, Before the window frame is smoothly placed into the window and temporarily secured with wooden wedges, the exterior wall is also coated with real stone paint.

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