Automatic mast locking and releasing device for drilling machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, and particularly discloses an automatic mast locking and releasing device for a drilling machine. The mast is arranged on the drilling machine and can rotate based on one end of the drilling machine; the support frame is used for being mounted with the drilling machine; the locking and releasing mechanism is arranged on the supporting frame and is used for driving a locking plate to lock or release the mast; a locking base is arranged at the bottom of the end, away from the end connected with the drilling machine, of the mast. The locking plate is arranged at one end of the top of the locking and releasing mechanism, and the locking and releasing mechanism is used for locking or releasing the mast by driving the locking plate to be clamped with or released from the locking seat; the problems that locking of an existing hydraulic oil cylinder is prone to failure, and manual iron wire binding is tedious and prone to errors can be solved in a targeted mode, stable locking of the head of the mast and the vertical beam of the front supporting frame during driving is achieved through an automatic locking structure, and equipment damage and maintenance cost caused by vibration and impact are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and in particular to an automatic mast locking and release device for drilling rigs. Background Technology

[0002] As a mobile drilling equipment, vehicle-mounted drilling rigs are widely used in field operations such as geological exploration, oil and gas development, and engineering construction. The mast, as the core support component of the drilling rig, is used to support key components such as drilling tools and power heads. It needs to be reliably fixed when in motion and flexibly deployed when in operation.

[0003] Current methods for securing the mast of vehicle-mounted drilling rigs primarily rely on the mast's own weight and the piston rod locking mechanism of the hydraulic cylinders used for mast lifting. When the hydraulic cylinders are not in operation, the piston rod and cylinder are relatively fixed by a hydraulic oil seal, thus limiting mast displacement and allowing the mast head to rest flat on the vertical beam of the front support frame. However, this method has significant drawbacks in practical applications: when the vehicle-mounted drilling rig travels on uneven and complex road surfaces, the equipment experiences severe vibrations, often exceeding the mast's own weight. Furthermore, internal leakage is inevitable under the sealed hydraulic oil condition, causing the hydraulic cylinder's locking effect to fail. The mast head then swings violently up and down around the pin of the rear support frame, repeatedly impacting the vertical beam of the front support frame. Over time, this causes deformation and wear on the mast and the front support frame's vertical beam, potentially leading to mast failure. This not only increases equipment maintenance costs but also affects operational efficiency and construction safety.

[0004] To compensate for the shortcomings of the hydraulic locking method mentioned above, the industry currently widely adopts manual-assisted fixing as a remedial measure:

[0005] Before the vehicle-mounted drilling rig is driven, the operator uses wire to tie and secure the mast head to the vertical beam of the front support frame. After the drilling rig arrives at the work site, the operator manually unties the wire to release the mast.

[0006] However, this method has obvious operational flaws:

[0007] On the one hand, the process of binding and unbinding the wires requires manual operation, which increases the operator's workload, is cumbersome, and affects the overall efficiency of equipment relocation and operation.

[0008] On the other hand, this fixing method relies entirely on human operation. If the operator forgets to tie the wire due to negligence, or if the wire is not tied securely, it is still impossible to avoid damage to the mast during operation. This poses a serious risk of human error and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of reliable mast fixing.

[0009] Therefore, the existing mast fixing methods for vehicle-mounted drilling rigs have technical defects such as unreliable hydraulic locking, which can easily lead to equipment damage, and cumbersome and unreliable manual fixing operations. There is an urgent need for a mechanism that can automatically lock and release the mast to meet the reliable fixing requirements of vehicle-mounted drilling rigs in motion and the convenient release requirements in operation, thereby improving the safety, stability and ease of operation of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an automatic mast locking and release device for drilling rigs, which solves the technical problem that the existing method of fixing the mast by binding it with iron wire is cumbersome and prone to omissions, causing the mast head to easily collide with the front support frame vertical beam when the drilling rig is traveling on complex roads, resulting in deformation and scrapping.

[0011] This invention provides an automatic mast locking and release device for drilling rigs, comprising:

[0012] A mast is mounted on the drilling rig and can rotate based on one end of the drilling rig;

[0013] A support frame for mounting to the drilling rig;

[0014] A locking and releasing mechanism is provided on the support frame and is used to drive the locking plate to lock or release the mast;

[0015] The mast has a locking seat at the bottom of the end away from the drilling rig; the locking release mechanism has a locking plate at one end of the top, and the locking release mechanism locks or releases the mast by driving the locking plate to engage or release with the locking seat.

[0016] Preferably, the support frame includes a first support leg and a second support leg that are respectively installed on both sides of the drilling rig;

[0017] A first connecting arm and a second connecting arm are respectively provided between the first support leg and the second support leg;

[0018] The first support leg and / or the second support leg are provided with a first mounting seat for mounting the locking and releasing mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, the top of the second connecting arm is provided with a first support rod and a second support rod at the ends away from the first support leg and the second support leg, respectively, and is used to support the mast of the drilling rig in the moving state;

[0020] The first support rod and / or the second support rod are provided with a second mounting base.

[0021] Preferably, both the top of the first support rod and the second support rod are provided with support grooves;

[0022] When the drilling rig is in motion, the mast engages with the support groove via a support block located at the bottom of the mast.

[0023] Preferably, the locking release mechanism includes:

[0024] The driver is mounted on the first mounting base, and the locking plate is mounted at the end of the drive rod of the driver, with one end of the locking plate hinged to the drive rod via a hinge joint;

[0025] A hinge seat is provided on the second mounting base, and the middle part of the locking plate is hinged to the hinge seat;

[0026] The locking plate is driven by the driver, which in turn drives the driving rod to rotate the locking plate based on the hinge joint and hinge seat, thereby achieving the locking or releasing action of the mast.

[0027] Preferably, the locking plate includes a first connecting section, a second connecting section, and a snap-fit ​​ear;

[0028] The locking plate is curved from the first connecting section, the second connecting section to the snap-fit ​​ear;

[0029] The first connecting segment and the second connecting segment are respectively provided with a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole for connecting with the hinge joint and the hinge seat.

[0030] Preferably, the locking seat includes a connecting rod fixedly connected to the mast, a locking section locking with the locking lug, and a base abutting against the first mounting seat;

[0031] The snap-fit ​​section is recessed to form a snap-fit ​​groove, and the two ends of the snap-fit ​​groove are arc-shaped to fit the snap-fit ​​ear and facilitate the snap-fit ​​ear to form a snap-fit ​​state.

[0032] Preferably, the drilling rig includes a power take-off unit and an air pump that are connected to the drive components of the carrier;

[0033] The air pump is equipped with a second air pipe and a third air pipe through a first air pipe and a three-way connector connected to the first air pipe, respectively.

[0034] The second and third air pipes are respectively connected to the power take-off and the driver.

[0035] Preferably, when the air pump is in operation, the second air pipe and the third air pipe, which are respectively connected through the three-way connector, enable the power take-off and the driver to work synchronously, so that the driver is in the released working state, and the release of the mast is synchronized with the power take-off.

[0036] Preferably, when the air pump stops operating, the second and third air pipes connected by the three-way connector respectively cause the power take-off and the driver to stop operating synchronously, so that the driver is in a locked working state, and the locking of the mast stops operating synchronously with the power take-off.

[0037] The automatic mast locking and release device for drilling rigs provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] In this invention, the automatic locking and releasing mechanism for the mast of the vehicle-mounted drilling rig addresses the shortcomings of existing hydraulic cylinder locking systems, which are prone to failure due to vibration and internal leakage, and manual wire binding operations, which are cumbersome and prone to errors. This mechanism, through its automatic locking structure, can stably lock the mast head to the front support frame vertical beam while the rig is in motion, completely avoiding the risk of mast swaying and impact caused by vibrations on complex road surfaces. This effectively prevents deformation and wear of the mast and vertical beam, reducing the probability of scrapping and maintenance costs. Simultaneously, its automated mast locking and releasing control requires no manual intervention, reducing the operator's burden and saving time spent on manual operations. This facilitates a quick switch to operational status after the drilling rig is moved, improving overall construction efficiency. Furthermore, it avoids fixing failures due to human negligence, ensuring the mast remains reliably fixed during travel, significantly reducing equipment safety risks, and providing strong guarantees for the stability, efficiency, and safety of vehicle-mounted drilling rigs in field operations. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, and these are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the mast automatic locking and release device and the vehicle;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the mast automatic locking and release device and the vehicle from another angle;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the mast automatic locking and release device and the vehicle piping;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of an automatic mast locking and release device for drilling rigs.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an automatic mast locking and release device for drilling rigs.

[0045] Figure 6This is a partial structural diagram of an automatic mast locking and release device for drilling rigs.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the locking and releasing mechanism;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking seat;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lock plate structure;

[0049] Parts and their numbers in the diagram:

[0050] 100-Vehicle, 110-Drilling rig, 120-Power take-off, 130-Air pump, 131-First air pipe, 132-T-connector, 133-Second air pipe, 134-Third air pipe;

[0051] 200-Mast, 210-Locking seat, 211-Connecting rod, 212-Snap-fit ​​section, 213-Snap-fit ​​groove, 214-Base, 215-Abutting surface, 216-Guide post;

[0052] 300-Support frame, 311-First support leg, 312-Second support leg, 313-First connecting arm, 314-Second connecting arm, 321-First mounting base, 322-Second mounting base, 323-First support rod, 324-Second support rod, 325-Support groove, 326-Limiting hole;

[0053] 400-Locking and releasing mechanism, 410-Locking plate, 411-First connecting section, 412-Second connecting section, 413-Snap-fit ​​ear, 414-First connecting hole, 415-Second connecting hole, 420-Driver, 421-Drive rod, 422-Hinge joint, 430-Hinge seat. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, the element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. Where there is no conflict, embodiments of the present invention and the various features thereof can be combined with each other, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4 This invention provides an automatic mast locking and release device for drilling rigs. In the current geological exploration work environment, in order to carry out exploration operations, it is necessary to use a carrier 100 to transport the drilling rig 110 and various exploration components to the designated exploration location, and the exploration operations can be carried out directly on the carrier 100.

[0057] The situation is particularly unique when conducting exploration work in vast areas like Xinjiang. Due to the vastness of Xinjiang and the large number of sites to be explored, which are relatively close to each other, it is necessary to frequently move the vehicle 100 carrying the drilling rig 110 to different exploration sites during the actual exploration process.

[0058] However, the roads in these exploration areas are usually in poor condition, with potholes everywhere. When the vehicle 100 moves under such conditions, it will constantly vibrate. Each time the exploration site is moved, according to the operating requirements, the mast 200 of the drilling rig 110 must first be retracted, and then the mast 200 must be secured manually with wire or rope. The purpose of this is to prevent the mast 200 from being damaged during the vibration of the vehicle 100.

[0059] However, due to the large number of exploration points and the high frequency of site changes, workers often forget to secure the mast 200 during the process. Furthermore, given the short distances between the exploration points, frequent securing and dismantling of the mast 200 is not only tedious but also significantly increases workload and reduces efficiency. To address these issues, this implementation introduces a device that automatically locks and releases the mast 200, effectively solving the aforementioned problems. The application of this device avoids potential oversights during manual operation, reduces the inconvenience caused by frequent securing and dismantling of the mast 200, and improves the efficiency and safety of the entire exploration operation.

[0060] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the automatic locking and releasing device for the mast 200 includes a mast 200 mounted on the drilling rig 110 and rotatable based on one end of the drilling rig 110; a support frame 300 for mounting to the drilling rig 110; and a locking and releasing mechanism 400 mounted on the support frame 300 and used to drive the locking plate 410 to lock or release the mast 200.

[0061] The mast 200 has a locking seat 210 at the bottom of the end away from the connection with the drilling rig 110; the locking release mechanism 400 has a locking plate 410 at one end of its top. The locking release mechanism 400 locks or releases the mast 200 by driving the locking plate 410 to engage or release with the locking seat 210.

[0062] Specifically, when the drilling rig 110 needs to switch from transport mode to operating mode, the locking and releasing mechanism 400 receives a control signal and drives the locking plate 410 to separate from the locking seat 210 at the bottom of the mast 200, releasing the restraint on the mast 200. At this time, the mast 200 can rotate around the connecting end to a vertical operating position under the drive of the drilling rig 110. When the exploration work is completed and it needs to be moved to the next location, after the mast 200 is retracted to a horizontal state, the locking and releasing mechanism 400 is activated again, driving the locking plate 410 to move towards the locking seat 210 and engage with it, thereby firmly fixing the mast 200 to the support frame 300, preventing the mast 200 from shaking or being damaged due to vibration during the movement of the vehicle 100. The entire process requires no manual intervention. The precise switching between locking and releasing the mast 200 is achieved through automated control, which simplifies the operation process and ensures the safety and continuity of the operation.

[0063] Further, please see Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The base 214 of the locking seat 210 is also provided with a guide post 216 at its bottom. The side of the base 214 that is in contact with the guide post 216 is set as the abutment surface 215 of the second mounting seat 322. The second mounting seat 322 is also provided with a limiting hole 326 for the guide post 216 to pass through. The diameter of the abutment surface 215 is larger than the maximum diameter of the guide post 216. After the guide post 216 enters the limiting hole 326, it will form a rigid contact with the surface of the second mounting seat 322 through the abutment surface 215, thereby limiting the displacement of the locking seat 210 in the vertical direction.

[0064] Meanwhile, the cooperation between the guide post 216 and the limiting hole 326 can accurately guide the movement trajectory of the locking seat 210, ensuring that the locking plate 410 is accurately aligned with the positioning hole of the locking seat 210 during the locking process, thus avoiding locking failure due to positional deviation.

[0065] When the mast 200 is in the retracted state, the guide post 216 first inserts into the limiting hole 326. Through the sliding engagement between its cylindrical surface and the inner wall of the limiting hole 326, the locking seat 210 is initially positioned. Subsequently, the abutment surface 215 contacts the second mounting seat 322 and applies a preload, forming a stable connection structure between the locking seat 210 and the second mounting seat 322. This provides a reliable positional reference for the subsequent locking action of the locking plate 410. This dual positioning design not only improves the accuracy of the locking seat 210 installation but also disperses some of the force when the mast 200 is subjected to vibration or impact, reducing the contact stress between the abutment surface 215 and the second mounting seat 322 and extending the service life of the components.

[0066] Further, please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The support frame 300 includes a first support leg 311 and a second support leg 312 respectively installed on both sides of the drilling rig 110; a first connecting arm 313 and a second connecting arm 314 are respectively provided between the first support leg 311 and the second support leg 312; a first mounting seat 321 is provided on the first support leg 311 and / or the second support leg 312 for installing the locking and releasing mechanism 400.

[0067] Since the automatic locking release device must be installed on the vehicle 100 and must also support the mast 200, a support frame 300 is required. The existence of this support frame 300 is essential, as it effectively connects the automatic locking release device to the vehicle 100 and provides stable support for the mast 200.

[0068] The first support leg 311 and the second support leg 312 are inclined at a predetermined angle and are spaced apart. This design layout has a specific purpose: by inclining at a predetermined angle and maintaining a certain distance, the supporting force of the entire support structure can be effectively increased, thereby better ensuring the stability of the automatic locking and releasing device and the mast 200 on the vehicle 100 and ensuring that the relevant functions can be performed normally.

[0069] The preset angle is typically designed based on the stability requirements of the vehicle 100 during operation and the center of gravity distribution of the mast 200 after it is retracted. It is generally between 30 and 60 degrees. This design avoids interference between the support legs and the chassis or other components of the vehicle 100, and also distributes the weight of the mast 200 to the support legs on both sides through the tilting structure, reducing single-point stress. The first connecting arm 313 and the second connecting arm 314 are made of high-strength alloy material. They not only connect and reinforce the first support leg 311 and the second support leg 312, but also limit their relative displacement in the lateral direction, so that the overall structure of the support frame 300 will not deform when bearing the weight and vibration load of the mast 200. The first mounting base 321 is rigidly connected to the support leg by bolts. Its installation position is precisely calculated so that the locking plate 410 of the locking release mechanism 400 and the locking seat 210 at the bottom of the mast 200 are on the same horizontal axis. This ensures that the locking plate 410 can be precisely aligned with the locking seat 210 during locking or releasing, avoiding jamming or locking failure due to installation deviation. At the same time, the height of the first mounting base 321 can be finely adjusted according to the actual vehicle model to adapt to the mast 200 size and installation space requirements of different drilling rigs 110, improving the versatility and adaptability of the automatic locking release device.

[0070] Further, please see Figure 4 and Figure 5The top ends of the second connecting arm 314 are respectively provided with a first support rod 323 and a second support rod 324 at the ends away from the first support leg 311 and the second support leg 312, and are used to support the mast 200 of the drilling rig 110 in the moving state; the first support rod 323 and / or the second support rod 324 are provided with a second mounting seat 322.

[0071] The top of the first support rod 323 and the second support rod 324 are both provided with support grooves 325; the mast 200 of the drilling rig 110 in the moving state is engaged with the support grooves 325 through a support block provided at the bottom of the mast 200.

[0072] Specifically, when the drilling rig 110 is about to move, the mast 200 needs to be retracted. When retracted, the support block at the bottom of the mast 200 can be precisely embedded into the support groove 325. Through the limiting effect of the support groove 325, the mast 200 is effectively prevented from swaying forward or backward or left or right due to bumps or turns during the movement of the vehicle 100, ensuring that the mast 200 always maintains a stable parking posture. The second mounting base 322 provides an installation foundation for the auxiliary fixing components of the mast 200. Components such as buffer pads or positioning pins can be added according to actual needs to further enhance the tightness of the connection between the mast 200 and the support rod, avoiding wear that may be caused by rigid contact. It can also absorb vibration energy during travel to a certain extent, reducing the risk of fatigue damage to the mast 200 due to long-term vibration.

[0073] Furthermore, two sets of locking and releasing mechanisms 400 with completely identical structures can be symmetrically arranged on the first support leg 311 and the second support leg 312; the first mounting bases 321 of the two sets of locking and releasing mechanisms 400 are respectively fixed on the same side of the first support leg 311 and the second support leg 312 to ensure that the installation height and horizontal position are completely symmetrical.

[0074] On the first support rod 323 and the second support rod 324 at the top of the second connecting arm 314, a second mounting seat 322 adapted to the two sets of locking and releasing mechanisms 400 is respectively provided, and the position of the second mounting seat 322 is coaxially corresponding to the position of the corresponding side first mounting seat 321.

[0075] Each locking and releasing mechanism 400 includes a driver 420, a driving cylinder, a locking plate 410, a driving rod 421, a hinge joint 422, and a hinge seat 430. The specifications and connection methods of each component are consistent with those of a single-unit structure. The first connecting section 411 of the locking plate 410 is hinged to the driving rod 421 through the hinge joint 422, the middle part is hinged to the hinge seat 430 on the second mounting base 322, and the end locking lug 413 faces the mast 200.

[0076] The locking seat 210 at the bottom of the mast 200 corresponds to the position of the two sets of locking plates 410, and two snap-fit ​​sections 212 and snap-fit ​​grooves 213 are symmetrically arranged. The specifications and arc design of the snap-fit ​​grooves 213 are adapted to the snap-fit ​​ears 413 of the locking plates 410.

[0077] The air circuits of both sets of actuators 420 are connected to the third air pipe 134 branch of the same three-way connector 132. That is, the third air pipe 134 is connected to the two sets of drive cylinders through branch pipes to ensure that the two sets of actuators 420 receive synchronous air pressure control signals.

[0078] Specifically, two sets of locking and releasing mechanisms 400 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the mast 200. When locking, the locking ears 413 of the locking plates 410 on both sides engage synchronously with the corresponding locking slots 213, so that the locking force on the mast 200 is evenly distributed on both sides, avoiding the problem of force concentration on one side caused by a single set of mechanisms, reducing the risk of local wear and deformation of the mast 200, locking plates 410 and locking seats 210, and extending the service life of the components.

[0079] The dual-group mechanism forms a two-way locking constraint. Even if the vehicle is traveling on a complex road surface and experiences severe vibration, bumps, or centrifugal force during turns, the structure with simultaneous locking on both sides can effectively limit the up-down and left-right swing of the mast 200. Compared with the single-group mechanism, it has stronger impact resistance and can prevent the mast 200 from hitting the support frame 300, further ensuring the structural safety of the equipment during operation.

[0080] The two sets of mechanisms share the air circuit control, operate synchronously and serve as backups for each other. If one set of mechanisms experiences a minor malfunction, such as wear of the locking lug 413 or minor air circuit leakage, the other set of mechanisms can still provide basic locking force, preventing the mast 200 from failing due to the failure of a single set of mechanisms, and improving the operational stability of the equipment in complex field operating environments.

[0081] The two sets of mechanisms are linked with the air pump 130 and the power take-off 120 through the same air circuit. Synchronous locking and releasing can be achieved by simply controlling the start and stop of the air pump 130. No additional operation steps are required. While improving the reliability of the fixation, the original convenient control advantage is retained, which is suitable for the actual operation needs of the vehicle-mounted drilling rig 110.

[0082] Further, please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The locking and releasing mechanism 400 includes a driver 420 disposed on the first mounting base 321, a locking plate 410 disposed at the end of the drive rod 421 of the driver 420, and one end of the locking plate 410 is hinged to the drive rod 421 through a hinge joint 422.

[0083] It also includes a hinge seat 430 disposed on the second mounting base 322, and the middle part of the locking plate 410 is hinged to the hinge seat 430;

[0084] The locking plate 410 is driven by the driver 420, and the driving rod 421 drives the locking plate 410 to rotate based on the hinge joint 422 and the hinge seat 430, so as to realize the locking or releasing action of the mast 200.

[0085] Specifically, when the drilling rig 110 needs to fix the mast 200, the driver 420 is activated and the locking plate 410 is moved by the drive rod 421. The locking plate 410 rotates with the hinge seat 430 as the fulcrum, and its other end moves towards the mast 200 and tightly engages with the locking groove 213 on the mast 200, thereby firmly locking the mast 200 in the current position and preventing it from being accidentally displaced during operation. When the drilling rig 110 needs to switch to the working state, the driver 420 is activated to rotate in the reverse direction, and the drive rod 421 pulls the locking plate 410 to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the locking plate 410 is separated from the locking structure of the mast 200, thereby releasing the mast 200 so that the operator can perform subsequent mast 200 use or attitude adjustment operations. This locking and releasing method, which uses the driver 420 to drive the locking plate 410 to rotate, is not only convenient to operate and can quickly respond to the fixing and releasing needs of the mast 200, but also the interlocking structure design between the locking plate 410 and the mast 200 can provide a stable and reliable locking force, ensuring the positional accuracy and structural safety of the mast 200 under various working conditions. At the same time, the automated control of the driver 420 also reduces the intensity and error of manual operation, improving the overall operating efficiency and safety of the drilling rig 110.

[0086] Further, please see Figure 6 and Figure 9 The locking plate 410 includes a first connecting section 411, a second connecting section 412, and a snap-fit ​​ear 413; the locking plate 410 is curved from the first connecting section 411, the second connecting section 412 to the snap-fit ​​ear 413; the first connecting section 411 and the second connecting section 412 are respectively provided with a first connecting hole 414 and a second connecting hole 415 for connecting with the hinge joint 422 and the hinge seat 430.

[0087] Further, please participate Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The locking seat 210 includes a connecting rod 211 fixedly connected to the mast 200, a locking section 212 locking with the locking ear 413, and a base 214 abutting against the first mounting seat 321; the locking section 212 is recessed to form a locking groove 213, and the two ends of the locking groove 213 are arc-shaped to fit with the locking ear 413 and facilitate the locking ear 413 to form a locking state.

[0088] In use, the locking and releasing mechanism 400 drives the locking plate 410 to rotate around the hinge seat 430 via the driver 420, and locks and releases by engaging with the locking plate 410 and the locking seat 210. The specific working method is as follows:

[0089] In the locked state, the driver 420, located on the first mounting base 321, pushes the first connecting section 411 of the locking plate 410 through the drive rod 421. Since the middle part of the locking plate 410 is hinged to the hinge seat 430 on the second mounting base 322, the locking plate 410 rotates with the hinge seat 430 as the fulcrum. The locking lug 413 at its end swings towards the mast 200 and finally engages precisely with the locking groove 213 on the locking seat 210 of the mast 200. The arc design at both ends of the locking groove 213 ensures that the locking lug 413 is smoothly inserted. At the same time, the base 214 of the locking seat 210 abuts against the first mounting base 321 to form support, so that the mast 200 is stably fixed through the firm engagement between the locking seat 210 and the locking plate 410.

[0090] In the released state, the actuator 420 rotates in reverse, and the drive rod 421 pulls the first connecting section 411 of the locking plate 410 through the hinge joint 422, causing the locking plate 410 to rotate in the opposite direction around the hinge seat 430. The locking ear 413 disengages from the locking groove 213, releasing the constraint on the locking seat 210, thereby releasing the mast 200 so that the mast 200 can be adjusted in attitude or deployed for operation. Throughout the process, the curved structure of the locking plate 410 and the hinge design of the first connecting hole 414 and the second connecting hole 415 ensure the precise transmission of the drive action, making the locking and releasing actions responsive and tightly coordinated, ensuring the reliability of the mast 200 fixation and the convenience of operation.

[0091] Further, please see Figure 3 The drilling rig 110 includes a power take-off 120 and an air pump 130 that are connected to the drive component of the carrier 100. The air pump 130 is provided with a second air pipe 133 and a third air pipe 134 through a first air pipe 131 and a three-way connector 132 connected to the first air pipe 131. The second air pipe 133 and the third air pipe 134 are respectively connected to the power take-off 120 and the driver 420.

[0092] The driver 420 is configured to drive a cylinder;

[0093] Furthermore, when the air pump 130 is in operation, the second air pipe 133 and the third air pipe 134, which are respectively connected through the three-way connector 132, enable the power take-off 120 and the driver 420 to work synchronously, so that the driver 420 is in a released working state, and the release of the mast 200 is synchronized with the power take-off 120.

[0094] Furthermore, when the air pump 130 stops operating, the second air pipe 133 and the third air pipe 134, which are respectively connected through the three-way connector 132, cause the power take-off 120 and the driver 420 to stop operating synchronously, so that the driver 420 is in a locked working state, and the locking of the mast 200 stops operating synchronously with the power take-off 120.

[0095] Specifically, in this embodiment, the locking and releasing mechanism 400 and the air pump 130 are linked and controlled through an air pipe circuit, and the specific cooperative working mode is as follows:

[0096] The air pump 130 serves as a power source and will only be used when exploration is about to begin. The first air pipe 131 of the air pump 130 is connected to the three-way connector 132, and then the second air pipe 133 and the third air pipe 134 form a connected circuit with the power take-off 120 and the drive cylinder (driver 420) respectively.

[0097] When the mast 200 needs to be released for exploration operations, the air pump 130 is started to begin operation. The generated air pressure is delivered to the tee connector 132 through the first air pipe 131, and then simultaneously delivered to the power take-off 120 and the drive cylinder through the second air pipe 133 and the third air pipe 134, driving the two to work synchronously. After the drive cylinder is inflated, the drive rod 421 extends, causing the locking plate 410 to disengage from the locking seat 210 of the mast 200, thereby releasing the mast 200. At the same time, the power take-off 120 operates synchronously, ensuring that the release of the mast 200 and the operation of the power take-off 120 are coordinated.

[0098] When it is necessary to perform a relocation operation and lock the mast 200, the operation of the air pump 130 is stopped, the air pressure in the air pipe circuit disappears, the drive cylinder is in a de-aired state, and the power take-off 120 stops operating simultaneously. At this time, the drive rod 421 of the drive cylinder retracts, causing the locking plate 410 to engage with the locking seat 210 of the mast 200, thereby locking the mast 200. The locking of the mast 200 and the stopping of the power take-off 120 are completed simultaneously.

[0099] In this embodiment, the flow-diverting design of the three-way connector 132 enables the start and stop of the air pump 130 to directly and synchronously control the working state of the power take-off 120 and the drive cylinder. The release / locking of the mast 200 and the operation / stop of the power take-off 120 are synchronized, avoiding action delays or coordination errors caused by separate control. This ensures smooth switching between the relocation (locking) and operation (release) states of the drilling rig 110, and improves overall operation efficiency.

[0100] Specifically, there is no need to set up additional independent control switches or linkage devices. The action control of two sets of key components can be completed simultaneously by controlling the start and stop of the air pump 130. This reduces manual operation steps and the risk of operational errors, and is especially suitable for the convenient operation needs in field operation scenarios. The locking and releasing mechanism 400 directly uses the original air pump 130 of the drilling rig 110 as a power source. There is no need to configure additional independent power components such as drive motors and hydraulic pumps. This simplifies the overall structure of the drilling rig 110, reduces equipment manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty, and the connection method of the air pipe circuit is simple and reliable, which is suitable for the mobile operation environment of the vehicle-mounted drilling rig 110.

[0101] Specifically, the locking state of the mast 200 is strongly bound to the stopping state of the power take-off 120, avoiding the dangerous situation of the mast 200 being accidentally locked when the power take-off 120 is running or the mast 200 not being locked when the power take-off 120 is stopped. This ensures that the mast 200 is always in a reliably locked state during the movement of the drilling rig 110, and that the mast 200 is released in a timely manner during operation, significantly improving the safety and stability of the equipment operation.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic mast locking and release device for a drilling rig, characterized in that, include: A mast (200) is mounted on the drilling rig (110) and can rotate based on one end of the drilling rig (110); A support frame (300) is used for installation with the drilling rig (110); A locking and releasing mechanism (400) is provided on the support frame (300) and is used to drive the locking plate (410) to lock or release the mast (200); The mast (200) has a locking seat (210) at the bottom of the end away from the connection with the drilling rig (110); the locking release mechanism (400) has a locking plate (410) at one end of its top. The locking release mechanism (400) locks or releases the mast (200) by driving the locking plate (410) to engage or release with the locking seat (210).

2. The automatic locking and releasing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (300) includes a first support leg (311) and a second support leg (312) respectively installed on both sides of the drilling rig (110); A first connecting arm (313) and a second connecting arm (314) are respectively provided between the first supporting leg (311) and the second supporting leg (312); The first support leg (311) and / or the second support leg (312) are provided with a first mounting base (321) for mounting the locking release mechanism (400).

3. The automatic locking and releasing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top two ends of the second connecting arm (314) are respectively provided with a first support rod (323) and a second support rod (324) at the end away from the first support leg (311) and the second support leg (312), and are used to support the mast (200) of the drilling rig (110) in the moving state; The first support rod (323) and / or the second support rod (324) are provided with a second mounting base (322).

4. The automatic locking and releasing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of both the first support rod (323) and the second support rod (324) is provided with a support groove (325); The mast (200) of the drilling rig (110) in the moving state is engaged with the support groove (325) by a support block provided at the bottom of the mast (200).

5. The automatic locking and releasing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The locking release mechanism (400) includes: The driver (420) is mounted on the first mounting base (321), and the locking plate (410) is located at the end of the drive rod (421) of the driver (420), and one end of the locking plate (410) is hinged to the drive rod (421) through a hinge joint (422). A hinge seat (430) is provided on the second mounting base (322), and the middle part of the locking plate (410) is hinged to the hinge seat (430); The locking plate (410) is driven by the driver (420), which drives the driving rod (421) to rotate the locking plate (410) based on the hinge joint (422) and the hinge seat (430) to achieve the locking or releasing action of the mast (200).

6. The automatic locking and releasing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The locking plate (410) includes a first connecting section (411), a second connecting section (412), and a snap-fit ​​ear (413); The locking plate (410) is curved from the first connecting section (411), the second connecting section (412) to the snap-fit ​​ear (413); The first connecting segment (411) and the second connecting segment (412) are respectively provided with a first connecting hole (414) and a second connecting hole (145) for connecting with the hinge joint (422) and the hinge seat (430).

7. The automatic locking and releasing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The locking seat (210) includes a connecting rod (211) fixedly connected to the mast (200), a snap-fit ​​section (212) snap-fitted to the snap-fit ​​ear (413), and a base (214) abutting against the first mounting seat (321). The snap-fit ​​section (212) is recessed to form a snap-fit ​​groove (213), and the two ends of the snap-fit ​​groove (213) are arc-shaped to fit the snap-fit ​​ear (413) and facilitate the snap-fit ​​ear (413) to form a snap-fit ​​state.

8. The automatic locking and releasing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drilling rig (110) includes a power take-off (120) and an air pump (130) that are connected to the drive components of the carrier (100) in a transmission manner; The air pump (130) is provided with a second air pipe (133) and a third air pipe (134) respectively through a first air pipe (131) and a three-way connector (132) connected to the first air pipe (131); The second air pipe (133) and the third air pipe (134) are connected to the power take-off (120) and the driver (420), respectively.

9. The automatic locking and releasing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the air pump (130) is in operation, the second air pipe (133) and the third air pipe (134) are connected through the three-way connector (132) respectively, so that the power take-off (120) and the driver (420) work synchronously, so that the driver (420) is in the released working state, and the release of the mast (200) is synchronized with the power take-off (120).

10. The automatic locking and releasing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the air pump (130) stops working, the second air pipe (133) and the third air pipe (134) connected by the three-way connector (132) respectively cause the power take-off (120) and the driver (420) to stop working synchronously, so that the driver (420) is in a locked working state, and the locking of the mast (200) stops working synchronously with the power take-off (120).

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