Movable integrated cooling device for underground roadway

Abstract

The invention discloses a movable integrated cooling device for an underground roadway. The movable integrated cooling device comprises an integrated control box, and a turbocharger, a water-cooling heat exchanger and a turbo expander are arranged in the integrated control box; a water cooling filter and an air filter are arranged outside the integrated control box body; the water-cooling filter is connected with the water-cooling heat exchanger through a water-cooling pipeline; the air filter is connected with an air inlet of the turbocharger through a normal-temperature air inlet pipeline; an exhaust pipe of the turbocharger is connected with an air inlet of the turbo expander through a heat exchange pipe of the water-cooling heat exchanger; a low-temperature air controller is arranged at an air outlet of the turbo expander; the turbocharger and the turbo expander share a coaxial magnetic suspension motor with double-side output; the main function is to replace a traditional air-conditioning system to solve the problem of heat damage to underground roadways. The device has the advantages of being small in size, convenient to move, free of a long-distance pipeline, free of a fan for conveying cooling capacity, and suitable for use and cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention patent relates to a mobile integrated cooling device and technology for underground heat hazard control, belonging to the field of underground roadway heat hazard control technology. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing mining depth and the influence of heat sources such as high-temperature surrounding rock heat dissipation, air self-compression heat, mechanical equipment heat dissipation, and oxidative heat, more and more mines are experiencing heat hazards. Heat hazards are one of the factors restricting safe production in mines, not only endangering miners' health but also reducing labor productivity, affecting safety and economic benefits. Especially in mine work areas, the limited space, high humidity, and poor air circulation make the high-temperature environment even more stifling, increasing workers' physical exertion. High-temperature environments not only affect workers' health and safety but may also lead to decreased production efficiency or even shutdowns, impacting the mine's economic benefits. Existing domestically produced equipment is large in scale and volume, lacks complete sets of technology and equipment, and has unsatisfactory cooling effects with significant cooling losses. Therefore, considering the entire system of mine heat hazard management, developing complete sets of technologies and equipment, and improving existing processes towards energy conservation, environmental protection, economy, and high efficiency are the development trends of underground heat hazard management technologies and methods. To cool the tunneling face, current technology generally uses pipelines to transport refrigerant, which involves local sealing and local cooling. However, the hot air after heat exchange remains in the unisolated roadway, increasing the workload of refrigeration.

[0003] Currently, some new structures or novel heat hazard control methods have been designed or adopted to address the problem of heat hazard control in underground mines, but these methods all have some problems. To date, there are no reports on mobile integrated cooling devices and technologies for heat hazard control in underground roadways.

[0004] For example, patents CN208010388N and CN108087013B combine a centralized cooling system with a mine full-volume ventilation system. A centralized refrigeration station is located on the surface, and chilled water prepared by the station is transported via pipelines to an air cooler installed at the underground location to cool and dehumidify the air during underground operations. However, the system requires two separate pipelines to transport chilled water to the underground air cooler and the air heat exchanger in the mine shaft, making the pipeline system more complex and increasing the difficulty of maintenance and management. Furthermore, because the system needs to prepare chilled water on the surface and transport it underground via pipelines, energy consumption increases during long-distance transport of the cooling medium, and there is a certain delay in real-time adjustment of underground temperature.

[0005] Patent CN117145579A discloses a system and method for synergistic heat hazard control through geothermal circulation in mines. Surface water is cooled by cooling equipment before entering an underground cold water tank, where it is purified and sterilized by condensers and cooling equipment above ground. The cooled air is then transported to the mine working face. However, the cooling and purification / sterilization equipment above ground requires significant energy to operate, leading to increased energy consumption. Furthermore, long-distance transport of cooling air increases energy consumption and results in a delay in real-time adjustment of underground temperature.

[0006] Patent CN102080564B directly utilizes a high-efficiency refrigeration unit located on the surface of the mine to cool a portion of the air entering the mine, creating low-temperature air, which is then transported to the underground work site through the existing mine ventilation system. However, high-efficiency refrigeration units typically consume a large amount of energy, and directly using them for refrigeration would undoubtedly increase energy consumption, resulting in higher operating costs.

[0007] Patent CN112145218A isolates the surrounding rock from heat transfer into the underground roadway through the insulation layer. The refrigeration pipeline system relies on the original nitrogen injection pipeline and uses variable frequency refrigeration equipment to reduce the temperature underground. However, the required refrigeration unit and nitrogen injection refrigeration method also require a large energy supply, resulting in increased energy consumption and increased refrigeration costs in the pipeline.

[0008] Patent CN101949298B discloses a cooling device for underground coal mines. The device monitors and controls multiple parameters through a control system comprised of a PLC, sensors, and solenoid valves. While using a semi-hermetic screw compressor ensures no refrigerant leakage, its purchase cost is high. Furthermore, the screw compressor generates significant noise and vibration during operation, causing considerable noise fatigue to the surrounding environment and workers. In addition, screw compressors typically require substantial space for installation and operation, making them unsuitable for underground environments.

[0009] Patent CN220539668U invented an integrated mobile local cooling device for underground mines. The device includes a compressor, condenser, evaporator, etc. Although it can effectively cool down, it does not take into account the limitations of the narrow space in the tunnel, nor does it consider the impact of noise reduction. Moreover, the published cooling device uses a sled-type bracket, which will inevitably cause problems at the turns of the tunnel, especially in narrow tunnels where it cannot be implemented.

[0010] Patent CN106640172A invented an integrated device for controlling and preventing / extinguishing heat hazards in mines, proposing a technical solution that uses cryogenic inert liquids (such as liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide) to simultaneously cool down and extinguish fires. However, it did not consider that the storage and transportation of liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide require strict cryogenic conditions and high-pressure equipment, posing technical and safety challenges in the complex underground environment. Any equipment failure or leakage could lead to serious safety accidents. Furthermore, the rapid vaporization of the cryogenic inert liquid during release can cause a sudden drop in local ambient temperature, potentially adversely affecting miners and equipment, and even causing frostbite or equipment damage.

[0011] Patent CN117167071A provides a mobile refrigeration system for high-temperature tunnels in underground metal mines, aiming to solve the problem of high temperatures underground and offering good mobility and ease of operation. However, despite its design incorporating efficient refrigeration, the heat exchange efficiency and refrigeration effect of the evaporator are not ideal in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, making it difficult to achieve the expected cooling effect.

[0012] Patent CN115217508A provides a mobile cooling device and method for high-temperature tunneling, which has good mobility and low operating costs. However, the isolation components mentioned in this patent need to be fixed inside the tunnel, and the windbreak needs to be fixed to the ground, making the installation process complex and increasing construction time and difficulty.

[0013] The paper "Design of Cooling System in WBM Coal Mine, Indonesia" established a centralized surface cooling system and installed air coolers at the underground mining face, connecting the surface refrigeration units with underground pipelines to form a cooling cycle and achieve underground cooling. However, this transmission process results in significant heat loss, reducing the overall cooling efficiency of the system. Furthermore, due to the long-distance transmission between the surface and underground, the maintenance of pipelines and equipment may become complex, requiring regular inspection and upkeep by professionals.

[0014] The paper "Ventilation, Cooling and Cooling Technology for High-Temperature Heat Hazard Mines" takes the Xinjulong Mine in Juye Mining Area as an example and proposes a graded cooling method that combines full-volume cooling at the mine entrance and centralized cooling underground. However, this system has high energy consumption, and graded cooling usually requires a large amount of energy. In addition, the chemical refrigerants used may release harmful substances, which may affect the health of workers. Summary of the Invention

[0015] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a mobile integrated cooling device for underground roadways. This integrated device occupies a small space, avoids the increased energy consumption caused by long-distance transportation of cooling media, can implement localized heat damage control according to operational needs, can adjust the airflow and temperature at the target location in real time, and also achieves functions such as vibration reduction and noise reduction, dehumidification monitoring, and alarms. The specific technical solution of this invention is as follows: A mobile integrated cooling device for underground roadways includes an integrated control box. Inside the control box are a turbocharger, a water-cooled heat exchanger, and a turbine expander. Outside the control box are a water-cooled filter and an air filter. The water-cooled filter is connected to the water-cooled heat exchanger via a water-cooled pipe. The air filter is connected to the turbocharger's air inlet via a normal-temperature air inlet pipe. The turbocharger's exhaust pipe is connected to the turbine expander's air inlet via the heat exchanger's heat exchange tube. A low-temperature air controller is installed at the turbine expander's air outlet. The turbocharger and turbine expander share a single coaxial, dual-output magnetic levitation motor. The cryogenic air controller includes a variable-diameter air supply duct, with an inlet flange and an outlet flange. Multiple sets of variable-pitch spiral guide plates are installed at the front end of the duct, and a direct-flow guide plate is installed at the rear end. The duct also includes a primary water collection ring and a secondary water collection ring. A primary drain outlet is located at the lower end of the primary water collection ring, and a secondary drain outlet is located at the lower end of the secondary water collection ring. The variable diameter of the duct adjusts the outlet air pressure, allowing the cryogenic air to be delivered further. The variable-pitch spiral air guide plates gradually change the spiral airflow output by the turbine expander into a horizontal airflow. Too rapid a change will generate cyclones and eddies within the controller, affecting airflow transmission efficiency; too gradual a change will increase the length of the controller, affecting its spatial arrangement.

[0016] The front end of the variable diameter air supply duct is provided with an air inlet pressure measuring hole, and the rear end of the variable diameter air supply duct is provided with an air outlet pressure measuring hole. The front end of the variable diameter air supply duct is equipped with three sets of variable pitch spiral guide plates. The air filter is located on the top of the integrated control box, and the water-cooled filter is located on the side of the integrated control box; It also includes a refrigeration electromechanical control system; the refrigeration electromechanical control system adopts a linkage mechanism, and adjusts the cooling device in real time by setting internal pressure and temperature sensors. The temperature adjustment is achieved by controlling the water flow of the water circulation system through the water circulation control system, and the wind speed adjustment is mainly controlled by the speed of the high-speed magnetic levitation motor. It also includes a tracked or wheeled chassis structure, on which the device of the present invention is disposed; The device has a built-in temperature and humidity monitoring and alarm system; The advantages of this invention are: The device, with its compact size and high efficiency, significantly reduces the space occupied in downhole operations, while avoiding increased energy consumption due to long-distance transportation of cooling media. The device can regulate underground temperature in real time, ensuring a comfortable working environment, and its tracked or wheeled chassis structure allows for flexible transportation and deployment in complex downhole environments. Furthermore, the device integrates noise reduction technology, effectively reducing operating noise and providing a quiet working environment for personnel. The built-in temperature and humidity monitoring and alarm system can monitor environmental conditions in real time, immediately issuing an alarm upon detecting potential hazards to ensure personnel safety. In summary, this invention is a highly efficient downhole operation safety device integrating cooling, noise reduction, monitoring, and alarm functions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear side of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the cooling gas outlet duct; Part numbers in the diagram: 1 – Integrated control box, 2 – Water-cooled filter, 3 – Water-cooled pipe, 4 – Air filter, 5 – Normal temperature air inlet pipe, 6 – Turbine compressor, 7 – High-speed magnetic levitation motor, 8 – Water-cooled heat exchanger, 9 – Turbine expander, 10 – Low temperature air controller, 1001 – Air inlet flange, 1002 – Variable diameter air supply pipe, 1003 – Variable pitch spiral air guide plate, 1004 – Air inlet pressure test hole, 1005 – Primary drain port, 1006 – Primary water collection ring, 1007 – Secondary drain port, 1008 – Secondary water collection ring, 1009 – Horizontal air guide plate, 1010 – Exhaust outlet pressure test hole, 1011 – Exhaust flange, 11 – Refrigeration electromechanical control system, 12 – Water circulation control system. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: The present invention includes an integrated control box 1, which houses a turbocharger 6, a water-cooled heat exchanger 8, and a turbo expander 9; a water-cooled filter 2 and an air filter 4 are installed outside the integrated control box 1; the water-cooled filter 2 is connected to the water-cooled heat exchanger 8 via a water-cooled pipe 3; the air filter 4 is connected to the air inlet of the turbocharger 6 via a normal temperature air inlet pipe 5; the exhaust pipe of the turbocharger 6 is connected to the water-cooled heat exchanger 8; the exhaust port of the exhaust pipe is connected to the air inlet of the turbo expander 9; a low-temperature air controller 10 is installed at the air outlet of the turbo expander 9; the turbocharger 6 and the turbo expander 9 share a single coaxial, dual-sided output magnetic levitation motor 7; The cryogenic air controller 10 includes a variable diameter air supply duct 1002, on which an air inlet flange 1001 and an air outlet flange 1011 are provided. Multiple sets of variable pitch spiral air guide plates 1003 are provided at the front end of the variable diameter air supply duct 1002, and a horizontal air guide plate 1009 is provided at the rear end of the variable diameter air supply duct 1002. The variable diameter air supply duct 1002 is also provided with a primary water collection ring 1006 and a secondary water collection ring 1008. A primary drain outlet 1005 is provided at the lower end of the primary water collection ring 1006, and a secondary drain outlet 1007 is provided at the lower end of the secondary water collection ring 1008.

[0019] The front end of the variable diameter air supply duct 1002 is provided with an air inlet pressure measuring hole 1004, and the rear end of the variable diameter air supply duct 1002 is provided with an air outlet pressure measuring hole 1010.

[0020] The front end of the variable diameter air supply duct 1002 is provided with three sets of variable pitch spiral guide plates 1003.

[0021] Air filter 4 is located on the top of integrated control box 1, and water-cooled filter 2 is located on the side of integrated control box 1.

[0022] It also includes a refrigeration electromechanical control system 11; the refrigeration electromechanical control system adopts a linkage mechanism, and adjusts the cooling device in real time by setting internal pressure and temperature sensors. The temperature adjustment is mainly achieved by controlling the water flow of the water circulation system through the water circulation control system 12, and the wind speed adjustment is mainly controlled by the speed of the high-speed magnetic levitation motor.

[0023] The integrated control enclosure 1 is a box welded from Q235B corrosion-resistant galvanized steel sheet and rectangular square tubing profiles. It is used to install and protect the turbocharger 6, high-speed magnetic levitation motor 7, water-cooled heat exchanger 8, turbine expander 9, and refrigeration electromechanical control system 11. It also provides support for the air filter 4, ambient temperature air intake duct 5, and low-temperature air controller 10. The inner wall of the enclosure is inlaid with perforated sound insulation panels, which can effectively reduce the noise generated by the equipment.

[0024] The water-cooled filter 2 is a traditional passive filtration component. It uses multi-stage filter elements to clean impurities in the tunnel water supply and reduce the content of calcium, magnesium and other scale-forming ions in the water. Softening the water quality can prevent scale buildup inside the water-cooled heat exchanger from affecting the heat exchange effect.

[0025] The water-cooled pipe 3 is a connecting pipe that connects the water-cooled filter 2 and the water-cooled heat exchanger 8, and is used to transport cold water into the water cooler 8 and hot water out of the water cooler 8.

[0026] The air filter 4 filters the warm, humid, and dusty air in the tunnel that needs to be drawn into the turbo compressor 6, adsorbs the moisture and dust particles in the air, and delivers clean air to the turbo compressor 6.

[0027] The ambient temperature air intake duct 5 is a connecting duct that connects the air filter 4 and the turbocharger 6, and is used to deliver clean air filtered by the air filter 4 to the turbocharger.

[0028] The turbocharger 6 compresses air by rotating blades, turning air at normal temperature and pressure into hot, high-pressure air. The turbo compressor compresses clean air introduced through the normal-temperature intake duct, turning it into high-pressure gas and generating high heat.

[0029] The high-speed magnetic levitation motor 7 is the power source for the turbocharger 6 and the turbo expander 9. Its function is to make the blades of the turbo compressor and turbo expander rotate at high speed, thereby generating forces to compress and expand air. The coaxial dual-sided output magnetic levitation motor can balance the centrifugal force generated when the turbines on both sides rotate, achieving low-disturbance and high-efficiency operation.

[0030] The water-cooled heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat from the hot, high-pressure air generated by the turbocharger 6 using the high specific heat capacity of water, thus reducing the hot, high-pressure air to room-temperature, high-pressure air. The water-cooled heat exchanger contains heat exchange tubes immersed in the water. The inlet of the heat exchange tubes is connected to the turbocharger 6, and the outlet is connected to the turboexpander 9. The high-pressure, hot air introduced by the turbocharger undergoes heat exchange through the circulating cooling water, transferring heat from the air to the water and carrying it away.

[0031] The turbine expander 9 releases and expands the pressure in the room-temperature high-pressure air replaced by the water-cooled heat exchanger 8 to form low-temperature low-pressure air; it expands and releases the pressure of the cooled compressed air, and the expanded compressed air will return to the normal pressure state and consume a lot of heat. Since the heat of the compressed air has been replaced by the water-cooled heat exchanger, the temperature of the expanded normal-pressure air will be much lower than the room temperature, even reaching below zero degrees.

[0032] The air inlet of the cryogenic air controller 10 is connected to the air outlet of the turbine expander 9. Multiple sets of variable-pitch spiral air guide plates 1003 inside the controller control the gas flow rate, ensuring the uniform release of the low-temperature, low-pressure air generated by the turbine expander to the tunnel working face, thus controlling heat hazards in the underground tunnel. The cryogenic air controller has three features during use: 1. It can change the short-distance spiral air outlet of the turbine expander into a long-distance horizontal air outlet, increasing the delivery distance of the cryogenic air. 2. It can drain the condensate from the cryogenic air generated by the turbine expander, allowing the cooling device to release dry, low-temperature air. 3. Variable-pitch spiral air guide plates 1003 can be customized to match the predetermined airflow, enabling the device to achieve maximum regulation of wind speed and temperature.

[0033] The refrigeration electromechanical control system 11 adjusts the temperature and pressure of the low-temperature air outlet by controlling the rotation speed of the high-speed magnetic levitation motor 7, thereby controlling the operation of the overall system.

[0034] The water circulation control system 12 adjusts the heat exchange efficiency of the water-cooled heat exchanger 8 by controlling the speed of water circulation, and assists in adjusting the efficiency of the refrigeration electromechanical control system 11.

Claims

1. A mobile integrated cooling device for underground roadways, characterized in that: The system includes an integrated control enclosure, inside which are housed a turbocharger, a water-cooled heat exchanger, and a turbo expander. Externally, a water-cooled filter and an air filter are installed. The water-cooled filter is connected to the water-cooled heat exchanger via a water-cooled pipe. The air filter is connected to the turbocharger's air intake via a normal-temperature air inlet pipe. The turbocharger's exhaust pipe is connected to the turbo expander's air intake via the heat exchanger's heat exchange tubes. A low-temperature air controller is installed at the turbo expander's exhaust port. The turbocharger and turbo expander share a single coaxial, dual-sided output magnetic levitation motor. The cryogenic air controller includes a variable diameter air supply duct, an air inlet flange and an air outlet flange, multiple sets of variable pitch spiral guide plates at the front end of the variable diameter air supply duct, and a horizontal air guide plate at the rear end of the variable diameter air supply duct; the variable diameter air supply duct is also equipped with a primary water collection ring and a secondary water collection ring; a primary drain outlet is provided at the lower end of the primary water collection ring, and a secondary drain outlet is provided at the lower end of the secondary water collection ring.

2. The mobile integrated cooling device for underground roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable diameter air supply duct is provided with an air inlet pressure test hole at its front end and an air outlet pressure test hole at its rear end.

3. The mobile integrated cooling device for underground roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the variable diameter air supply duct is equipped with three sets of variable pitch spiral guide plates.

4. The mobile integrated cooling device for underground roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air filter is located on the top of the integrated control box, and the water-cooled filter is located on the side of the integrated control box.

5. A mobile integrated cooling device for underground roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a refrigeration electromechanical control system; the refrigeration electromechanical control system adopts a linkage mechanism, and adjusts the cooling device in real time by setting internal pressure and temperature sensors. The temperature adjustment is achieved by controlling the water flow of the water circulation system through the water circulation control system, and the wind speed adjustment is mainly controlled by the speed of the high-speed magnetic levitation motor.

6. The mobile integrated cooling device for underground roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tracked or wheeled chassis structure, on which the device of the present invention is disposed.

7. The mobile integrated cooling device for underground roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: Built-in temperature and humidity monitoring and alarm system.

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