Dynamic evaluation method and system for safety risk of oil and gas storage and transportation station yard

Abstract

The invention provides an oil and gas storage and transportation station safety risk dynamic evaluation method and system, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas storage and transportation safety, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the recognition and analysis of hazard source events of an oil and gas storage and transportation station, and preliminarily constructing a hazard source event tree; key factor events of the oil and gas storage and transportation station are identified and analyzed, and a key factor event tree is preliminarily constructed; performing safety level division, dividing the safety problem of the oil and gas storage and transportation station into three levels of equipment, operation and management, and analyzing the hazard source event tree and the key factor event tree according to the divided safety levels; identifying and analyzing security elements of the key equipment; and formulating a solution. The system comprises a data acquisition module, a database and a multi-terminal communication module. According to the method, the event tree is constructed, possible trigger factors and development paths of each dangerous source and key factor are analyzed in detail, the safety management work of the oil and gas storage and transportation station is perfected, and the long-term and stable development and progress of the oil and gas storage and transportation station are finally realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas storage and transportation safety technology, specifically relating to a method and system for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations. Background Technology

[0002] Oil and gas storage and transportation stations are typically used for storing, transporting, and distributing oil and natural gas and their derivatives. Because these stations involve large quantities of hazardous chemicals, they present numerous potential safety risks, such as liquid and gas leaks, temperatures exceeding pre-set limits and ignition sources, and chemical storage. Therefore, oil and gas storage and transportation stations are characterized by long supply and transportation distances, high protection difficulty, and significant challenges in safety risk management. Accidents at these stations can result in substantial casualties, property damage, and severe social impacts. Both existing oil and gas storage and transportation stations and future new oil and gas pipeline projects place higher technical demands on the dynamic risk early warning and control systems of these stations.

[0003] Liquid and gas leaks can be caused by equipment malfunction, human error, or external factors, and traditional methods may fail to detect even minor leaks in a timely manner. Secondly, temperatures exceeding preset limits and ignition sources are common safety hazards, and traditional methods struggle to monitor and analyze these potential risks in real time. Chemical storage is also a sensitive area because different chemicals have different properties and safety requirements. Furthermore, traditional management methods may fail to accurately identify potential risks during storage. In summary, traditional safety management methods are insufficient to meet the needs for comprehensive monitoring and real-time response in complex scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, this invention provides a method and system for dynamic safety risk assessment of oil and gas storage and transportation stations. The aim is to construct an event tree of hazard sources and key risk factors, and to analyze in detail possible triggering factors and development paths, thereby making risk monitoring more comprehensive and accurate, and guiding the improvement of safety management at oil and gas storage and transportation stations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for dynamic assessment of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations includes the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Identify and analyze the hazards at oil and gas storage and transportation stations, and initially construct a hazard event tree;

[0008] Step S2: Identify and analyze the key factors of oil and gas storage and transportation stations, and initially construct a key factor event tree;

[0009] Step S3: Perform safety level division, divide the safety issues of oil and gas storage and transportation stations into three levels: equipment, operation and management, and analyze the hazard source event tree and critical factor event tree according to the divided safety levels;

[0010] Step S4: Identify and analyze the safety elements of key equipment;

[0011] Step S5: Based on the identification and analysis results from Steps S1 to S3, construct a complete hazard source event tree and a key factor event tree, and formulate a solution.

[0012] Furthermore, step S1 includes:

[0013] Step S11: Utilize monitoring equipment and sensors to conduct real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis of liquid and gas leaks, temperatures exceeding preset values ​​and ignition sources, and chemical storage and handling.

[0014] Step S12: Initially construct the hazard event tree and analyze the possible triggering factors and development paths of each hazard.

[0015] Step S13: Analyze the potential hazards of oil and gas storage and transportation stations comprehensively using professional knowledge and historical accident data.

[0016] Furthermore, step S12 includes:

[0017] Step S121: Set the top event of the hazard incident tree, including any one of fire, gas leak and explosion;

[0018] Step S122: Identify the basic events of each top event, where the basic events of a fire are temperature exceeding preset values, combustible material, and oxygen;

[0019] Step S123: By connecting the logical relationships of basic events, a tree structure is formed, where each node represents a possible event or decision point, and branches represent possible outcomes or development paths.

[0020] Step S124: Assign a probability to each branch and node to reflect the likelihood of the event occurring;

[0021] Step S125: For each development path, analyze its probability and possible consequences.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S121, the priority of the dynamic identification and analysis of the top event of the hazard source accident tree is as follows: gas leak, fire and explosion, and the corresponding basic events are high-pressure equipment, flammable gas and chemical storage.

[0023] Furthermore, step S12 also includes:

[0024] Step S126: Create a database for the initially constructed hazard source tree.

[0025] Furthermore, step S126 also includes establishing a data index for the fire, gas leak, and explosion fields.

[0026] Furthermore, step S2 includes:

[0027] Step S21: Use monitoring equipment to monitor the equipment operation status, operator behavior, and key weather conditions in the oil and gas storage and transportation station in real time.

[0028] Step S22: Construct a key factor event tree and analyze the possible triggering factors and development paths of each key factor;

[0029] Step S23: Through historical data and operation records, delve into the key factors of oil and gas storage and transportation stations.

[0030] Furthermore, step S3 includes:

[0031] Step S31: Divide the safety issues of oil and gas storage and transportation stations into three levels: equipment, operation, and management;

[0032] Step S32: Use security analysis to analyze each level and identify the key points and potential risks at each level;

[0033] Step S33: Identify critical components in the system, optimize resource allocation, and develop key security measures.

[0034] Furthermore, step S4 includes:

[0035] Step S41: Identify the key equipment in the oil and gas storage and transportation station, including storage tanks, pipelines, and valves;

[0036] Step S42: Identify safety elements for each critical piece of equipment, including monitoring equipment integrity, implementing operating procedures, and developing emergency response procedures;

[0037] Step S43: Use monitoring equipment and systems to monitor the status of critical equipment in real time to ensure that it operates within a safe range.

[0038] Furthermore, the dynamic evaluation method also includes:

[0039] Step S6: Perform multi-terminal monitoring and real-time response to security risks.

[0040] Furthermore, step S6 includes:

[0041] Step S61: Conduct a security assessment and fault tolerance analysis to obtain dynamic analysis results;

[0042] Step S62: Based on the dynamic analysis results, automatically trigger the solution to respond to security risks in real time.

[0043] Furthermore, the dynamic analysis results include: risk scenarios, key factors, and emergency measures.

[0044] Furthermore, step S61 includes:

[0045] Step S611: Establish logical connections between various equipment in the oil and gas storage and transportation station and various events during the operation of the oil and gas storage and transportation station, and clarify the relationship between each event and related equipment;

[0046] Step S612: Determine the probability of occurrence of each basic event and the top event through expert judgment and historical data analysis;

[0047] Step S613: Calculate the probability of each event occurring on each logical connection established in step S611 using the logical connections between the device and the event;

[0048] Step S614: Perform dynamic assessment and classification of the consequences of each basic event and top event, including casualties, environmental impact, and equipment damage.

[0049] A multi-terminal monitoring and control system for executing the dynamic safety risk assessment method for oil and gas storage and transportation stations, including a data acquisition module, a database, and a multi-terminal communication module;

[0050] The data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time monitoring data from sensors, monitoring equipment and control devices. It communicates with various monitoring devices through Internet of Things technology to collect data in real time and provide real-time and accurate data on oil and gas storage and transportation stations, including temperature, pressure, humidity and gas concentration, for subsequent analysis, decision-making and control.

[0051] The database is used to store a large amount of collected monitoring data, including real-time data and historical data. The collected data is stored according to a predetermined structure, and a data index is established to support querying and analysis. It provides data storage and supports the system's historical analysis, trend prediction and accident retrospective analysis of the operating status of oil and gas storage and transportation stations.

[0052] The multi-terminal communication module is used to realize information transmission and interconnection between various system components. Through network communication protocols, it transmits data to various terminals such as the monitoring and control center, operation terminals, and remote maintenance stations, supports real-time data interaction, ensures that each terminal can obtain the latest monitoring data of the oil and gas storage and transportation station, and realize remote operation, control and management.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0054] 1. This invention constructs an event tree to analyze in detail the possible triggering factors and development paths of each hazard source and key factor, and guides the improvement of safety management of oil and gas storage and transportation stations, ultimately achieving the long-term stable development and progress of oil and gas storage and transportation stations;

[0055] 2. By setting the priority of dynamic identification and analysis, this invention makes the monitoring of temperatures and fire sources exceeding preset values ​​more comprehensive and accurate;

[0056] 3. This invention uses a multi-terminal monitoring and control system to dynamically monitor and respond to risks in real time. When a potential risk or abnormal situation is identified, the system automatically triggers the corresponding emergency plan and uploads the analysis results, including risk scenarios, key factors, and emergency measures information, to the big data-based multi-terminal monitoring and control system in real time. After receiving the data, the monitoring system performs multi-terminal joint real-time analysis and evaluation, provides decision support, and guides further operations or response measures. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a dynamic safety risk assessment method for oil and gas storage and transportation stations according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of event tree analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0061] To better understand the purpose, process, and function of this invention, the following detailed description of a dynamic safety risk assessment method and system for oil and gas storage and transportation stations, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is provided.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0064] A method for dynamic assessment of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations includes the following steps:

[0065] Step S1: Identify and analyze the hazards at oil and gas storage and transportation stations, and initially construct a hazard event tree;

[0066] Step S2: Identify and analyze the key factors of oil and gas storage and transportation stations, and initially construct a key factor event tree;

[0067] Step S3: Perform safety level division, divide the safety issues of oil and gas storage and transportation stations into three levels: equipment, operation and management, and analyze the hazard source event tree and critical factor event tree according to the divided safety levels;

[0068] Step S4: Identify and analyze the safety elements of key equipment;

[0069] Step S5: Based on the identification and analysis results from Steps S1 to S3, construct a complete hazard source event tree and a key factor event tree, and formulate a solution.

[0070] Furthermore, step S1 includes:

[0071] Step S11: Utilize monitoring equipment and sensors to conduct real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis of liquid and gas leaks, temperatures exceeding preset values ​​and ignition sources, and chemical storage and handling.

[0072] Step S12: Initially construct the hazard event tree and analyze the possible triggering factors and development paths of each hazard.

[0073] Step S13: Analyze the potential hazards of oil and gas storage and transportation stations comprehensively using professional knowledge and historical accident data.

[0074] Furthermore, step S12 includes:

[0075] Step S121: Set the top event of the hazard incident tree, including any one of fire, gas leak and explosion;

[0076] Step S122: Identify the basic events of each top event, where the basic events of a fire are temperature exceeding preset values, combustible material, and oxygen;

[0077] Step S123: By connecting the logical relationships of basic events, a tree structure is formed, where each node represents a possible event or decision point, and branches represent possible outcomes or development paths.

[0078] Step S124: Assign a probability to each branch and node to reflect the likelihood of the event occurring;

[0079] Step S125: For each development path, analyze its probability and possible consequences.

[0080] Furthermore, in step S121, the priority of the dynamic identification and analysis of the top event of the hazard source accident tree is as follows: gas leak, fire and explosion, and the corresponding basic events are high-pressure equipment, flammable gas and chemical storage.

[0081] Furthermore, step S12 also includes:

[0082] Step S126: Create a database for the initially constructed hazard source tree.

[0083] Furthermore, step S126 also includes establishing a data index for the fire, gas leak, and explosion fields.

[0084] Furthermore, step S2 includes:

[0085] Step S21: Use monitoring equipment to monitor the equipment operation status, operator behavior, and key weather conditions in the oil and gas storage and transportation station in real time.

[0086] Step S22: Construct a key factor event tree and analyze the possible triggering factors and development paths of each key factor;

[0087] Step S23: Through historical data and operation records, delve into the key factors of oil and gas storage and transportation stations.

[0088] Furthermore, step S3 includes:

[0089] Step S31: Divide the safety issues of oil and gas storage and transportation stations into three levels: equipment, operation, and management;

[0090] Step S32: Use security analysis to analyze each level and identify the key points and potential risks at each level;

[0091] Step S33: Identify critical components in the system, optimize resource allocation, and develop key security measures.

[0092] Furthermore, step S4 includes:

[0093] Step S41: Identify the key equipment in the oil and gas storage and transportation station, including storage tanks, pipelines, and valves;

[0094] Step S42: Identify safety elements for each critical piece of equipment, including monitoring equipment integrity, implementing operating procedures, and developing emergency response procedures;

[0095] Step S43: Use monitoring equipment and systems to monitor the status of critical equipment in real time to ensure that it operates within a safe range.

[0096] Example 2

[0097] Based on Example 1, the dynamic evaluation method in this example further includes:

[0098] Step S6: Perform multi-terminal monitoring and real-time response to security risks.

[0099] Furthermore, step S6 includes:

[0100] Step S61: Conduct a security assessment and fault tolerance analysis to obtain dynamic analysis results;

[0101] Step S62: Based on the dynamic analysis results, automatically trigger the solution to respond to security risks in real time.

[0102] Furthermore, the dynamic analysis results include: risk scenarios, key factors, and emergency measures.

[0103] Furthermore, step S61 includes:

[0104] Step S611: Establish Equipment and Events. Establish the logical connection between each piece of equipment and each event during the operation of the oil and gas storage and transportation station, and clarify the relationship between each event and related equipment.

[0105] Step S612: Determine the probability of occurrence of each basic event and the top event through expert judgment and historical data analysis;

[0106] Step S613: Calculate the probability of each event occurring on each logical connection established in step S611 using the logical connections between the device and the event;

[0107] Step S614: Perform dynamic assessment and classification of the consequences of each basic event and top event, including casualties, environmental impact, and equipment damage.

[0108] Example 3

[0109] To implement the dynamic risk assessment method for oil and gas storage and transportation stations described in Example 2, this example provides a multi-terminal monitoring and control system, including: a data acquisition module, a database, and a multi-terminal communication module;

[0110] The data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time monitoring data from sensors, monitoring equipment and control devices. It communicates with various monitoring devices through Internet of Things technology to collect data in real time and provide real-time and accurate data on oil and gas storage and transportation stations, including temperature, pressure, humidity and gas concentration, for subsequent analysis, decision-making and control.

[0111] The database is used to store a large amount of collected monitoring data, including real-time data and historical data. The collected data is stored according to a predetermined structure, and a data index is established to support querying and analysis. It provides data storage and supports the system's historical analysis, trend prediction and accident retrospective analysis of the operating status of oil and gas storage and transportation stations.

[0112] The multi-terminal communication module is used to realize information transmission and interconnection between various system components. Through network communication protocols, it transmits data to various terminals such as the monitoring and control center, operation terminals, and remote maintenance stations, supports real-time data interaction, ensures that each terminal can obtain the latest monitoring data of the oil and gas storage and transportation station, and realize remote operation, control and management.

[0113] In this embodiment, when a potential risk or abnormal situation is identified, the system automatically triggers the corresponding emergency plan and uploads the analysis results, including risk scenarios, key factors, and emergency measures information, to the big data-based multi-terminal monitoring and control system in real time. After receiving the data, the monitoring system performs multi-terminal joint real-time analysis and evaluation, provides decision support, and guides further operations or response measures.

[0114] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Identify and analyze hazardous events at oil and gas storage and transportation stations, and initially construct a hazardous event tree; Step S2: Identify and analyze key factor events at oil and gas storage and transportation stations, and initially construct a key factor event tree; Step S3: Perform safety level division, divide the safety issues of oil and gas storage and transportation stations into three levels: equipment, operation and management, and analyze the hazard source event tree and critical factor event tree according to the divided safety levels; Step S4: Identify and analyze the safety elements of key equipment; Step S5: Based on the identification and analysis results from Steps S1 to S3, construct a complete hazard source event tree and a key factor event tree, and formulate a solution.

2. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Step S11: Utilize monitoring equipment and sensors to conduct real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis of liquid and gas leaks, temperatures exceeding preset values ​​and ignition sources, and chemical storage and handling. Step S12: Initially construct the hazard event tree and analyze the possible triggering factors and development paths of each hazard. Step S13: Analyze the potential hazards of oil and gas storage and transportation stations comprehensively using professional knowledge and historical accident data.

3. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Step S12 includes: Step S121: Set the top event of the hazard incident tree, including any one of fire, gas leak and explosion; Step S122: Identify the basic events of each top event, where the basic events of a fire are temperature exceeding preset values, combustible material, and oxygen; Step S123: By connecting the logical relationships of basic events, a tree structure is formed, where each node represents a possible event or decision point, and branches represent possible outcomes or development paths. Step S124: Assign a probability to each branch and node to reflect the likelihood of the event occurring; Step S125: For each development path, analyze its probability and possible consequences.

4. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In step S121, the priority of the dynamic identification and analysis of the top event of the hazard source accident tree is as follows: gas leak, fire and explosion, and the corresponding basic events are high-pressure equipment, flammable gas and chemical storage.

5. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Step S12 further includes: Step S126: Create a database for the initially constructed hazard source tree.

6. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Step S126 also includes establishing a data index for the fire, gas leak, and explosion fields.

7. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: Step S21: Use monitoring equipment to monitor the equipment operation status, operator behavior, and key weather conditions in the oil and gas storage and transportation station in real time. Step S22: Construct a key factor event tree and analyze the possible triggering factors and development paths of each key factor; Step S23: Through historical data and operation records, delve into the key factors of oil and gas storage and transportation stations.

8. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: Step S31: Divide the safety issues of oil and gas storage and transportation stations into three levels: equipment, operation, and management; Step S32: Use security analysis to analyze each level and identify the key points and potential risks at each level; Step S33: Identify critical components in the system, optimize resource allocation, and develop key security measures.

9. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: Step S41: Identify the key equipment in the oil and gas storage and transportation station, including storage tanks, pipelines, and valves; Step S42: Identify safety elements for each critical piece of equipment, including monitoring equipment integrity, implementing operating procedures, and developing emergency response procedures; Step S43: Use monitoring equipment and systems to monitor the status of critical equipment in real time to ensure that it operates within a safe range.

10. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic evaluation method also includes: Step S6: Perform multi-terminal monitoring and real-time response to security risks.

11. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 10, characterized in that, Step S6 includes: Step S61: Conduct a security assessment and fault tolerance analysis to obtain dynamic analysis results; Step S62: Based on the dynamic analysis results, automatically trigger the solution to respond to security risks in real time.

12. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The results of the dynamic analysis include: risk scenarios, key factors, and emergency measures.

13. The method for dynamic evaluation of safety risks at oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in claim 11, characterized in that, Step S61 includes: Step S611: Establish logical connections between each piece of equipment at the oil and gas storage and transportation station and each event during the operation of the oil and gas storage and transportation station, and clarify the relationship between each event and the corresponding equipment; Step S612: Determine the probability of occurrence of each basic event and the top event through expert judgment and historical data analysis; Step S613: Calculate the probability of each event occurring on each logical connection established in step S611 using the logical connections between the device and the event; Step S614: Perform dynamic assessment and classification of the consequences of each basic event and top event, including casualties, environmental impact, and equipment damage.

14. A multi-terminal monitoring and control system for executing the dynamic safety risk assessment method for oil and gas storage and transportation stations as described in any one of claims 10-13, comprising a data acquisition module, a database, and a multi-terminal communication module; The data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time monitoring data from sensors, monitoring equipment and control devices. It communicates with various monitoring devices through Internet of Things technology to collect data in real time and provide real-time and accurate data on oil and gas storage and transportation stations, including temperature, pressure, humidity and gas concentration, for subsequent analysis, decision-making and control. The database is used to store a large amount of collected monitoring data, including real-time data and historical data. The collected data is stored according to a predetermined structure, and a data index is established to support querying and analysis. It provides data storage and supports the system's historical analysis, trend prediction and accident retrospective analysis of the operating status of oil and gas storage and transportation stations. The multi-terminal communication module is used to realize information transmission and interconnection between various system components. Through network communication protocols, it transmits data to various terminals such as the monitoring and control center, operation terminals, and remote maintenance stations, supports real-time data interaction, ensures that each terminal can obtain the latest monitoring data of the oil and gas storage and transportation station, and realize remote operation, control and management.

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