Underwater terrain generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides an underwater terrain generation method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The underwater terrain generation method comprises the steps of determining an initial water surface area corresponding to a current water level of a target water area based on a remote sensing image of the target water area; the initial water surface area is calibrated, and water surface areas corresponding to different water level heights of the target water area are recursively calculated based on the calibrated initial water surface area; and generating an underwater terrain corresponding to the target water area based on the water surface areas corresponding to different water level heights of the target water area. According to the invention, resource investment for generating the underwater terrain of the target water area can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of remote sensing image processing technology, and in particular to an underwater terrain generation method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of remote sensing technology, it can now support local terrain measurement through remote sensing image recognition.

[0003] However, there are obvious limitations in the practical application of topographic surveying based on remote sensing images: the underwater topography of long-term water storage areas (especially reservoirs) cannot be obtained by remote sensing, and it is still necessary to set up navigation routes on the water surface and use shipboard instruments to measure the underwater topography, resulting in a significantly higher resource input when measuring underwater topography. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides an underwater terrain generation method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an underwater terrain generation method is provided, comprising:

[0006] Based on remote sensing images of the target water area, determine the initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level of the target water area; calibrate the initial water surface area, and based on the calibrated initial water surface area, recursively calculate the water surface area corresponding to different water level heights of the target water area; based on the water surface area corresponding to different water level heights of the target water area, generate the underwater topography corresponding to the target water area.

[0007] In one embodiment, calibrating the initial water surface area includes: obtaining the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, and determining the water surface disturbance range of the target water area based on the bank slope of the target water area; recursively calculating multiple water surface areas of the target water area at different water levels based on the water volume difference and the initial water surface area; determining multiple water level-area relationship curves corresponding to the multiple water surface areas, and multiple goodness-of-fit values ​​corresponding to the multiple water level-area relationship curves, based on the multiple goodness-of-fit values; determining a target water level-area relationship curve among the multiple water level-area relationship curves based on the multiple goodness-of-fit values; and determining the calibrated initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level based on the target water level-area relationship curve.

[0008] In one embodiment, obtaining the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area includes: determining the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, and constructing a discrete point set based on the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity; obtaining a continuous function corresponding to the discrete point set using a spline interpolation method; and calculating the water volume difference corresponding to each adjacent water level of the target water area based on the continuous function.

[0009] In one embodiment, generating the underwater terrain corresponding to the target water area includes: drawing contour lines below the water surface of the target water area based on different water levels; and converting the points on the contour lines below the water surface of the target water area into the underwater terrain.

[0010] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an underwater terrain generation apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0011] The acquisition unit is used to determine the initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level of the target water area based on remote sensing images of the target water area.

[0012] The processing unit is used to calibrate the initial water surface area and, based on the calibrated initial water surface area, recursively deduce the water surface area corresponding to different water levels in the target water area.

[0013] The output unit is used to generate the underwater topography corresponding to the target water area based on the water surface area corresponding to different water levels in the target water area.

[0014] In one embodiment, the processing unit calibrates the initial water surface area as follows: based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, it obtains the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels, and determines the water surface disturbance range of the target water area based on the bank slope of the target water area; based on the water volume difference and the initial water surface area, it recursively calculates multiple water surface areas of the target water area at different water levels; based on the water surface disturbance range, it determines the target water level area relationship curve among the multiple water level area relationship curves; based on the target water level area relationship curve, it determines the calibrated initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level.

[0015] In one embodiment, the processing unit obtains the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area in the following manner: determining the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, and constructing a discrete point set based on the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity; obtaining the continuous function corresponding to the discrete point set using a spline interpolation method; and calculating the water volume difference corresponding to each adjacent water level of the target water area based on the continuous function.

[0016] In one embodiment, the output unit generates the underwater terrain corresponding to the target water area in the following manner: drawing contour lines under the water surface of the target water area based on different water levels; and converting the points on the contour lines under the water surface of the target water area into the underwater terrain.

[0017] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to: execute the underwater terrain generation method described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0018] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided, the storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, enable the processor to perform the underwater terrain generation method described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0019] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure can include the following beneficial effects: After determining the initial water surface area of ​​the target water area by identifying remote sensing images of the target water area, the initial water surface area can be calibrated to correct it. The corrected water surface area can be used to recursively derive the water surface area corresponding to different water levels, thereby improving the accuracy of underwater topography generation and reducing resource input for underwater topography surveying. It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an underwater terrain generation method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an initial water surface area determination method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for obtaining the water volume difference of a target water area at adjacent water levels, according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating another underwater terrain generation method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific method for generating underwater terrain according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific method for calibrating an initial water surface area according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a graph illustrating a water surface area fitting curve according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a curve illustrating the goodness of fit between an initial water surface area value and a water level area, according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a water level area curve diagram shown according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a water level area curve diagram showing different initial water surface area values ​​according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a block diagram illustrating an underwater terrain generation apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for underwater terrain generation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Some embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. Various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein will become apparent upon understanding this disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely illustrative and is not limited to those orders set forth herein, but can be changed as will become apparent upon understanding this disclosure, except for operations that must be performed in a particular order. Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0034] The embodiments described in the following examples of this disclosure are not representative of all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0035] For ease of understanding, some technical terms appearing in the embodiments of this disclosure will be explained illustratively below.

[0036] The Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) is a method that uses specific bands of remote sensing imagery to perform normalized difference processing to highlight water body information within the imagery. There are two different approaches to NDWI: SKMcFEETERS and Bo-caiGao, both published in an international remote sensing journal in 1996. The naming of NDWI is still under debate.

[0037] Reservoir capacity difference: This is a key indicator used in water conservancy projects to describe the change in reservoir volume at different characteristic water levels, specifically referring to the difference in reservoir capacity between two specific water levels.

[0038] Goodness of fit is a quantitative indicator that evaluates how well a statistical model matches observed data. It measures the model's ability to explain data variations and commonly uses the coefficient of determination R. 2 The closer the value is to 1, the better the model fits.

[0039] Geographic Information System (ArcGIS) software is used to create, edit, analyze, visualize, and manage geographic data to support a variety of geospatial analysis and decision-making tasks.

[0040] The reservoir capacity curve is a curve plotted with the reservoir water level on the vertical axis and the corresponding reservoir capacity on the horizontal axis. It reflects the mathematical relationship between water level and reservoir capacity. This curve is formed by calculating the reservoir area and elevation difference between adjacent contour lines to determine the volume increment, accumulating these layers to create the complete curve. As a core tool for reservoir planning, design, and management, the reservoir capacity curve directly impacts flood control safety, water supply security, and power generation efficiency.

[0041] Spline interpolation is an interpolation method in computer science. This method constructs continuous spline curves or surfaces to accurately fit discrete data points. Common types include cubic spline interpolation, first-order spline interpolation, and second-order spline interpolation.

[0042] The underwater terrain generation method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure is applied to underwater terrain measurement scenarios, specifically including the measurement of underwater terrain in reservoirs.

[0043] In related technologies, existing techniques for topographic surveying based on remote sensing images are mature in water surface monitoring (e.g., the water surface extraction accuracy of satellite data such as Landsat and Sentinel can reach over 90%). However, there are currently no reported mature methods for underwater topographic remote sensing estimation, and current water level topographic measurements can only be performed based on information already displayed in remote sensing images. Since underwater topographic data for long-term water storage areas, especially reservoirs, is usually not publicly available and cannot be directly obtained from remote sensing images, it is necessary to establish navigation routes on the water surface and use shipboard instruments to measure the underwater topography, resulting in high resource input for underwater topographic measurements.

[0044] In view of this, some embodiments of this disclosure provide an underwater terrain generation method, including: determining the initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level of the target water area based on remote sensing imagery of the target water area; calibrating the initial water surface area, and recursively calculating the water surface area corresponding to different water level heights of the target water area based on the calibrated initial water surface area; and generating the underwater terrain corresponding to the target water area based on the water surface area corresponding to different water level heights of the target water area. In the above process, this disclosure determines the initial water surface area of ​​the target water area by identifying the remote sensing imagery of the target water area, and then calibrates the initial water surface area, which can correct the initial water surface area. By recursively calculating the water surface area corresponding to different water level heights using the corrected water surface area, the accuracy of underwater terrain generation is improved, while reducing the resource input for underwater terrain surveying.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an underwater terrain generation method according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes steps S11 to S13.

[0046] In step S11, the initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level of the target water area is determined based on the remote sensing image of the target water area.

[0047] In this embodiment, the target water body can be selected according to user needs. The target water body includes, but is not limited to, reservoirs, rivers, lakes, and seas. This disclosure can measure the topography of different water bodies, achieving efficient measurement of target water bodies in various scenarios.

[0048] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the remote sensing image can be acquired by satellite, and can be sub-meter high-resolution remote sensing image or other image, such as WorldView-3 satellite data with a resolution of 0.31m.

[0049] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the current water level represents the water level displayed in the target water area in the remote sensing image.

[0050] In this embodiment, the initial water surface area represents the water surface area corresponding to the target water area at the current water level. The initial water surface area can be obtained by extracting the water surface from a remote sensing image using the NWDI index, and then calculating the area of ​​the water surface contour corresponding to the initial water level using Green's formula. Specifically, the initial water surface area can be obtained using the following formula:

[0051]

[0052] Where α is the terrain correction coefficient, and its value can be selected from 1.05 to 1.15. ρGreen is the green band reflectance of the remote sensing image; ρNIR is the near-infrared band reflectance. For the polygonal region corresponding to the water surface outline, the vertices can be written in order as (x1, y1), (x2, y2), ... (x n y n S represents the area of ​​the initial water surface calculated using Green's formula, x n+1 =x1,y n+1 =y1, where n is a positive integer. By introducing a terrain correction coefficient α, we can adapt to the differences in shadow and lighting conditions caused by complex terrain (such as mountain reservoirs), thereby more accurately separating water bodies from shadows.

[0053] In step S12, the initial water surface area is calibrated, and based on the calibrated initial water surface area, the water surface area corresponding to different water levels in the target water area is recursively calculated.

[0054] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the initial water surface area is calibrated, including a calibration and standardization process. Calibrating the initial water surface area of ​​the target water area eliminates the influence of other factors and provides accurate data for subsequent generation of underwater topography of the target water area.

[0055] In step S13, the underwater topography corresponding to the target water area is generated based on the water surface area corresponding to different water levels in the target water area.

[0056] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the underwater terrain can be represented as a graphic or an elevation model. By generating and visualizing the underwater terrain, applications such as hydrodynamic simulation or reservoir dam-break flood simulation studies can be achieved.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an initial water surface area calibration method according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps.

[0058] In step S21, based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels is obtained, and based on the bank slope of the target water area, the water surface disturbance range of the target water area is determined.

[0059] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the reservoir capacity curve can be obtained through existing data or by measuring the volume of the target water body at different water levels. For example, the reservoir capacity curve can be obtained by measuring the reservoir capacity at different water levels during reservoir construction. Relevant information from the reservoir capacity curve can be extracted by integrating technologies such as remote sensing water surface extraction, reservoir capacity curve analysis, and GIS spatial analysis.

[0060] In this embodiment of the disclosure, adjacent water levels represent the abscissas of adjacent points on the reservoir capacity curve.

[0061] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the water surface disturbance range of the target water area represents the fluctuation of the water surface area, which can be adaptively adjusted according to the slope of the shore. For example, the water surface area disturbance range in, It can fluctuate by ±20%, and the specific range can be adjusted according to the slope of the reservoir bank. i represents the water level. S 0,原始 This represents the initial water surface area. By determining the range of water surface area disturbance, the actual change in water surface area due to water surface fluctuations can be determined, thus achieving calibration of the initial water surface area.

[0062] In step S22, based on the water volume difference and the initial water surface area, the multiple water surface areas of the target water area at different water levels are recursively calculated.

[0063] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the multiple water surface areas of the target water area at different water levels can be obtained by the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, S i and S i+1 Let ΔQ represent the water surface area corresponding to the i-th water level and the (i+1)-th water level, respectively. i This represents the difference in reservoir capacity between the i-th water level and the (i+1)-th water level. ΔH i This represents the water level difference between the i-th water level and the (i+1)-th water level.

[0066] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the multiple water surface areas of the target water area at different water levels include the water surface areas corresponding to the current water level and the water level below the current water level.

[0067] In step S23, based on the water surface disturbance range, multiple water level area relationship curves corresponding to multiple water surface areas are determined, as well as multiple goodness-of-fit curves corresponding to multiple water level area relationship curves.

[0068] In this embodiment, multiple water surface areas can be determined again as initial water surface areas. Then, based on each of these multiple water surface areas, the target water area at different water levels can be recursively calculated. This is specifically obtained through the formula in step S22, which will not be elaborated further here. Ultimately, the target water area at different water levels can be recursively calculated from each water surface area. Then, using each of these multiple water surface areas as initial water surface areas, a water level-area relationship curve is formed for each water surface area.

[0069] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the goodness of fit can be obtained by the following formula:

[0070] y = β0 + β1x + β2x 2 +β3x 3 +…+β n x n +∈;

[0071]

[0072] Where y is the dependent variable representing the water surface area, x is the independent variable representing the water level, β0, β1, β2, ..., βn are regression coefficients, n is the highest degree of the polynomial, ∈ is the error term, and R 2 This indicates the goodness of fit. This represents the average value of the dependent variable, where i represents the number of water levels. This represents the predicted value of the dependent variable.

[0073] In step S24, based on multiple goodness-of-fit curves, a target water level-area relationship curve is determined among multiple water level-area relationship curves.

[0074] In this embodiment of the disclosure, each water level-area relationship curve corresponds to a goodness of fit, and the water level-area relationship curve with the largest goodness of fit can be selected as the target water level-area relationship curve. By selecting the water level-area relationship curve with the largest goodness of fit, the optimal water level-area relationship curve with data results closer to the target water area can be obtained.

[0075] In step S25, the initial calibrated water surface area corresponding to the current water level is determined based on the target water level area relationship curve.

[0076] In this embodiment of the disclosure, equal-interval sampling (e.g., 5% interval) or adaptive sampling methods can be used to obtain a series of initial area values, and multiple water level-area relationship curves and regression equations (R²) for goodness of fit can be established. 2 -S0 relationship curve). When R 2 The -S0 relationship curve must satisfy the second derivative. Or R 2 -S0 relationship curve fitting quadratic function Then, by setting the derivative of this quadratic function to zero, the water surface area corresponding to the maximum value can be obtained and output as the calibrated initial water surface area. Where R... 2 The goodness of fit is represented by S0, where S0 represents the initial water surface area, and a, b, and c represent the function fitting coefficients.

[0077] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the initial water surface area can be calibrated by using the water level-area relationship curve and the regression equation of the goodness of fit, thereby achieving the function of data calibration.

[0078] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for obtaining the water volume difference of a target water area under adjacent water levels, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, it includes the following steps.

[0079] In step S31, the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity is determined based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, and a discrete point set is constructed based on the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity.

[0080] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the mapping relationship can be represented in the form of coordinates. The reservoir capacity curve includes multiple water level and reservoir capacity mapping relationships, i.e., multiple coordinate points. A subset of these coordinate points can be selected as discrete points, either randomly or manually by the user according to their needs, thus forming a discrete point set. This discrete point set can be represented as: {(H... i Q i )}, i=1,2,…,n,H i Let Q represent the i-th water level. i Let represent the i-th water volume. A discrete point set can represent the reservoir capacity curve while reducing the amount of data processing and improving data processing efficiency.

[0081] In step S32, spline interpolation is used to obtain the continuous function corresponding to the discrete point set.

[0082] In this embodiment of the disclosure, repeated spline interpolation can be used to process the discrete points in the discrete point set to accurately obtain the continuous function.

[0083] In step S33, the water volume difference between adjacent water levels in the target water area is calculated based on a continuous function.

[0084] In this embodiment of the disclosure, in order to facilitate and speed up the calculation of the water volume difference between adjacent water levels in the target water area, especially for reservoirs, the water body between adjacent water levels can be approximated as a truncated cone to calculate the water volume difference. Specifically, it can be obtained through the following formula:

[0085] ΔH=H i+1 -H i ;

[0086] Where ΔH represents the water volume difference between adjacent water levels i and i+1, H i H represents the water volume at the i-th water level. i+1 This represents the water volume at the (i+1)th water level.

[0087] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the calculation of the water volume difference of the target water area under adjacent water levels can provide a data basis for subsequent calibration of the initial area.

[0088] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating another underwater terrain generation method according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes the following steps.

[0089] In step S41, contour lines below the water surface of the target water area are drawn based on different water level heights.

[0090] In this embodiment of the disclosure, contour lines can be determined by analyzing the water surface area corresponding to different water levels using ArcGIS, thereby identifying the contour lines corresponding to different underwater water levels.

[0091] In this embodiment, the corresponding water surface area is obtained at different water levels, and then the water surface outline at different water levels is calculated. Specifically, this can be achieved as follows: when the target water area is a reservoir, the shape of the reservoir surface can be calculated as a circle. Water level H i The corresponding water surface area S i Its relationship with its radius r is S i =πr i 2 If we consider the water surfaces corresponding to two adjacent water levels i-1 and i as concentric circles, then the radial distance d between the two water surface profiles is the difference in the equivalent radii of the two concentric circles. By analogy, the water surface contours at a series of water levels are obtained, thus acquiring the underwater contour data of the reservoir.

[0092] In step S42, based on the contour lines below the surface of the target water area, the points on the contour lines are converted into underwater terrain.

[0093] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by determining the contour lines, ArcGIS can connect the vertices of the same contour lines to form underwater terrain.

[0094] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when forming underwater terrain, the underwater terrain can also be visualized to form an underwater terrain image or elevation model.

[0095] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific method for generating underwater terrain according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps.

[0096] Acquire high-resolution remote sensing imagery of the target water area. Extract the initial water surface contour corresponding to the high-resolution remote sensing imagery. Calculate the initial water surface area of ​​the target water area. Calculate the reservoir capacity difference of the target water area using the reservoir capacity curve. Recursively calculate the water surface area of ​​the target water area. Fit multiple recursively obtained water level-area curves and calculate the goodness of fit. Check if the goodness of fit is maximized. If yes, calibrate the initial water surface area to obtain the optimal value (calibrated initial water surface area). Otherwise, reconstruct the water level-area curve. Generate underwater contour lines of the reservoir and construct the underwater topography.

[0097] also, Figure 5 The specific methods and steps shown can be found in [reference]. Figures 1-4 The method shown will not be elaborated further here.

[0098] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific method for calibrating an initial water surface area according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it includes the following steps.

[0099] Obtain the initial water surface area, generate a perturbation sequence, and calculate the corresponding H-S relationship curve and its goodness of fit R for the perturbation sequence. 2 Fitting R 2 -S0 curve, find the maximum value point by differentiation, and determine the initial water surface area S0' after calibration.

[0100] Specifically: Based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels is obtained, and the water surface disturbance range of the target water area is determined based on the bank slope of the target water area. Based on the water volume difference and the initial water surface area, multiple water surface areas of the target water area at different water levels are recursively calculated. Based on the water surface disturbance range, multiple water level-area relationship curves corresponding to multiple water surface areas are determined, as well as multiple goodness-of-fit curves corresponding to multiple water level-area relationship curves. Based on the multiple goodness-of-fit curves, the target water level-area relationship curve is determined among the multiple water level-area relationship curves. Based on the target water level-area relationship curve, the calibrated initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level is determined.

[0101] also, Figure 6 The specific methods and steps shown can be found in [reference]. Figures 1-5 The method shown will not be elaborated further here.

[0102] Figure 7 This is a graph illustrating a water surface area fitting curve according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 7 As shown, it includes.

[0103] Taking the high-resolution remote sensing image data corresponding to a reservoir water level of 53.41 meters as an example, the outline of the water surface at this time was obtained by digitization, and the water surface area was calculated to be 6.701 square kilometers (S0) using Green's formula. This water surface area value was used as the initial water surface area value for extrapolating the water surface area to the upper and lower water levels.

[0104] The reservoir capacity difference is calculated based on the publicly available reservoir (HQ) capacity curve. The HQ curve is plotted with water level as the vertical axis and reservoir capacity as the horizontal axis. The capacity difference dQ between each water level is calculated based on the capacity curve.

[0105] Based on the calculation method where the water body shape between adjacent water levels in a reservoir is a truncated cone, the area recursive formula is used: Boundary condition: S(H0)=S0, calculate the water surface area corresponding to different water levels.

[0106] After obtaining the correspondence between water level and water surface area, the curve equation corresponding to water level and water surface area is constructed as: y = -0.00154197396x 4 +0.04881553018x 3 -0.6.72962330x 2 +4.6831373166x+38.068411688082, the first fitting of the regression equations for the water level and water level area curves, and the goodness of fit R are calculated. 2 =0.98519377252.

[0107] In addition, Figure 7 The specific methods and steps shown, as well as the specific meanings of the steps, can be found in [reference needed]. Figures 1-6 This will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0108] Figure 8 This is a graph illustrating the goodness-of-fit of an initial water surface area value versus a water level area curve, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 8 As shown, it includes.

[0109] right Figure 7 The initial water surface area at a water level of 53.41 meters (initial value 6.701 square kilometers) was used for calibration. Changing the initial water surface area value yields different water surface area and water level curves, resulting in different fitting equations R. 2 By creating different initial values ​​for the 6.701 square kilometers before and after the densification float, different R values ​​were obtained. 2 Then, the goodness-of-fit R-value of the curves relating different initial water levels and water level-area was re-established. 2The relationship curve. Let the derivative of the fitted equation equal to zero, and find the maximum value of the new curve (maximum goodness of fit). 0.2218*2*x-2.8535=0, x=6.433, thus obtaining the maximum goodness of fit, and therefore determining the optimal initial water surface area corresponding to a water level of 53.41 meters as 6.433 square kilometers. R 2 -S0 relationship curve: R 2 =1. The curve y = -0.2218x corresponds to the calculated water surface area x and goodness of fit y. 2 +2.8535x-8.1796.

[0110] In addition, Figure 8 The specific methods and steps shown, as well as the specific meanings of the steps, can be found in [reference needed]. Figures 1-7 This will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0111] Figure 9 This is a water level area curve diagram illustrated according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 9 As shown, it includes.

[0112] according to Figure 8 The optimal initial water surface area of ​​6.433 square kilometers corresponds to a water level of 53.41 meters. The new water level-water level area curve is shown in the figure below. The polynomial regression equation for this curve is y = -0.00372032884x. 4 +0.10594852319x 3 -1.10861609963x 2 +6.33271756456x+36.59280372191(R 2 =0.99832546148), recalculate the water surface area corresponding to each water level, obtain the reconstructed S(H) curve, calculate the radial distance / buffer distance of the water surface contour between adjacent water levels one by one, and use ArcGIS's buffer function to generate the underwater contour lines of the reservoir, thereby creating an underwater topographic elevation map.

[0113] In addition, Figure 9 The specific methods and steps shown, as well as the specific meanings of the steps, can be found in [reference needed]. Figures 1-8 This will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0114] Figure 10 This is a water level area curve diagram showing different initial water surface area values, as illustrated in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 10 As shown, it includes.

[0115] pass Figure 6 The initial water surface area value was calibrated, and the water level-water level area curve was obtained from... Figure 7Upgraded to Figure 9 To further compare the relationship between this curve and the initial water surface area, water level-water level area curves with initial water surface area values ​​of 6.8, 6.7, 6.6, 6.5, 6.4, 6.3, and 6.2 square kilometers can be obtained through... Figure 10 This indicates that, according to the results in the graph, the curve shows an oscillating trend when the initial water surface area is less than or greater than 6.433 square kilometers. Therefore, 6.433 square kilometers is the precise value of the initial water level of the reservoir, and the water level-area curve calculated from this value (corresponding to...) Figure 9 This is considered to be the most realistic projection curve. It can be based on... Figure 9 Determine the initial water surface area after final calibration.

[0116] In addition, Figure 10 The specific methods and steps shown, as well as the specific meanings of the steps, can be found in [reference needed]. Figures 1-9 This will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0117] This application enables direct prediction of underwater topography using a limited amount of data (remote sensing data and reservoir capacity curves). While reducing data acquisition costs and time, it allows for rapid generation of underwater topography. By determining the initial water surface area through remote sensing imagery, dynamically calibrating the initial water surface area, and finally generating the underwater topography through modeling, it achieves low-cost, high-precision, and rapid reconstruction of reservoir underwater topography, solving the problems of high cost, long cycle time, and reliance on measured data in traditional methods.

[0118] The underwater terrain generation method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, through... Figure 11 This is a block diagram illustrating an underwater terrain generation apparatus 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. (Refer to...) Figure 11 The device includes an acquisition unit 101, a processing unit 102, and an output unit 103.

[0119] The acquisition unit 101 is used to determine the initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level of the target water area based on the remote sensing image of the target water area.

[0120] The processing unit 102 is used to calibrate the initial water surface area and, based on the calibrated initial water surface area, recursively deduce the water surface area corresponding to different water levels in the target water area.

[0121] The output unit 103 is used to generate the underwater terrain corresponding to the target water area based on the water surface area corresponding to different water levels in the target water area.

[0122] In one embodiment, the processing unit 102 calibrates the initial water surface area in the following manner: based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels is obtained, and based on the bank slope of the target water area, the water surface disturbance range of the target water area is determined; based on the water volume difference and the initial water surface area, multiple water surface areas of the target water area at different water levels are recursively calculated; based on the water surface disturbance range, the target water level area relationship curve is determined among multiple water level area relationship curves; based on the target water level area relationship curve, the calibrated initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level is determined.

[0123] In one embodiment, the processing unit 102 obtains the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area in the following manner: based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity is determined, and a discrete point set is constructed based on the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity; a spline interpolation method is used to obtain the continuous function corresponding to the discrete point set; and the water volume difference corresponding to each adjacent water level of the target water area is calculated based on the continuous function.

[0124] In one embodiment, the output unit 103 generates the underwater terrain corresponding to the target water area in the following manner: drawing contour lines under the water surface of the target water area based on different water levels; and converting the points on the contour lines under the water surface of the target water area into underwater terrain.

[0125] In one embodiment, the processing unit 102 calibrates the initial water surface area as follows: based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, it obtains the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels, and determines the water surface disturbance range of the target water area based on the bank slope of the target water area; based on the water volume difference and the initial water surface area, it recursively calculates multiple water surface areas of the target water area at different water levels; based on the water surface disturbance range, it determines the target water level area relationship curve among the multiple water level area relationship curves; based on the target water level area relationship curve, it determines the calibrated initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level.

[0126] In one embodiment, the processing unit 102 obtains the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area in the following manner: determining the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, and constructing a discrete point set based on the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity; obtaining the continuous function corresponding to the discrete point set using spline interpolation method; and calculating the water volume difference corresponding to each adjacent water level of the target water area based on the continuous function.

[0127] In one embodiment, the output unit 103 generates the underwater terrain corresponding to the target water area in the following manner: drawing contour lines under the water surface of the target water area based on different water levels; and converting the points on the contour lines under the water surface of the target water area into the underwater terrain.

[0128] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0129] Figure 12 This is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus 200 for underwater terrain generation according to an exemplary embodiment. Reference is made below. Figure 12 It illustrates a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing the terminal device or server of the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the electronic device includes a memory for storing computer programs and one or more processors for executing the computer programs stored in the memory. In one example, the memory may be read-only memory (ROM) and / or random access memory (RAM).

[0130] In one example, one or more processors may be one or more central processing units (CPUs) and / or one or more graphics processing units (GPUs), etc. The processors can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to executable instructions stored in ROM or executable instructions loaded from storage into RAM. In one example, the electronic device may also include a communication unit, which may include, but is not limited to, a network interface card (NIC), which may include, but is not limited to, an Infiniband (IB) NIC. The processor can communicate with ROM and / or RAM to execute executable instructions, connect to the communication unit via a bus, and communicate with other target devices through the communication unit, thereby completing the operation corresponding to any method provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, user activity is calculated based on a time decay coefficient; user popularity is calculated based on the number of endorsements of contributed content; and user knowledge contribution capability is calculated based on user activity and user popularity.

[0131] In addition, the RAM can store various programs and data required for device operation. The CPU, ROM, and RAM are interconnected via a bus. With RAM present, the ROM is an optional module. The RAM stores executable instructions, or executable instructions are written to the ROM during runtime. These executable instructions cause the processor to perform operations corresponding to any of the methods described above. Input / output (I / O) interfaces are also connected to the bus. The communication unit can be integrated or configured with multiple sub-modules (e.g., multiple IB network cards) linked on the bus.

[0132] The following components are connected to the I / O interface: input sections including keyboards, mice, etc.; output sections including cathode ray tubes (CRTs), liquid crystal displays (LCDs), and speakers; storage sections including hard disks; and communication sections including network interface cards such as LAN cards and modems. The communication sections perform communication processing via networks such as the Internet. Drives are also connected to the I / O interface as needed. Removable media, such as disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, semiconductor memories, etc., are installed on the drive as needed so that computer programs read from them can be installed into the storage section as required.

[0133] It needs to be explained, such as Figure 12 The architecture shown is only one optional implementation. In practice, the above can be modified according to actual needs. Figure 12 The number and type of components can be selected, deleted, added, or replaced; different functional components can also be implemented by separate or integrated configurations. For example, the GPU and CPU can be set separately or the GPU can be integrated on the CPU; the communication unit can be set separately or integrated on the CPU or GPU, and so on. All these alternative implementation methods fall within the protection scope disclosed in this invention.

[0134] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a storage medium is provided, which may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.

[0135] In some embodiments of this disclosure, when instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor of an electronic device, the processor of the electronic device is able to execute the underwater terrain generation method described above.

[0136] This disclosure also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the underwater terrain generation method involved in any of the above embodiments.

[0137] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps listed in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. Whether such functionality is implemented through hardware or software depends on the specific application and the overall system design requirements. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality using various methods for each specific application, but such implementation should not be construed as exceeding the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application.

[0138] In the above detailed description, reference has been made to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific aspects of this disclosure by way of illustration. In this regard, terms indicating direction or positional relationship, such as “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential,” are used with reference to the orientation of the described figures. Since components of the described device can be positioned in multiple different orientations, directional terms are used for illustrative purposes and not for limitation. It should be understood that other aspects can be utilized and structural or logical changes can be made without departing from the concept of this disclosure. Therefore, the following detailed description should not be considered limiting.

[0139] It should be understood that, unless otherwise specifically indicated, features of various embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be combined with each other. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more; it should be understood that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "joining," "attaching," "mounting," "connecting," "linking," "fixing," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure should be interpreted broadly, for example, as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; as a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communicative connection; as a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; as a connection within two elements or an interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms herein according to the specific circumstances.

[0140] Furthermore, the term "above" as used herein with respect to components, elements, or material layers formed or located "above" a surface may be used to indicate that the component, element, or material layer is "indirectly" positioned (e.g., placed, formed, deposited, etc.) on the surface such that one or more additional components, elements, or layers are arranged between the surface and the component, element, or material layer. However, the term "above" as used with respect to components, elements, or material layers formed or located "above" a surface may also optionally have a specific meaning: that the component, element, or material layer is "directly" positioned (e.g., placed, formed, deposited, etc.) on the surface, for example, in direct contact with the surface.

[0141] It should be understood that spatial relative terms, such as “above,” “upper,” “below,” and “lower,” are used herein to describe the relationship between one element and another shown in the figures. In addition to the orientation depicted in the figures, these spatial relative terms are also intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, an element described as “above” or “upper” relative to another element would be “below” or “lower” relative to that other element. Thus, depending on the spatial orientation of the device, the term “above” encompasses both above and below orientations. Devices may have other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0142] Although terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” may be used herein to describe various components, parts, regions, layers, or sections, these components, parts, regions, layers, or sections are not limited to these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one component, part, region, layer, or section from another. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the examples described herein, a first component, part, region, layer, or section mentioned in the examples may also be referred to as a second component, part, region, layer, or section. Furthermore, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0143] It is further understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various types of information, but this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another, and do not indicate a specific order or degree of importance. In fact, the expressions "first," "second," etc., are completely interchangeable. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information can also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information can also be referred to as first information.

[0144] In this description, "multiple" means at least two, referring to two or more, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. Other quantifiers are similar. The singular forms "a," "the," and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified or clearly indicated from the context, the articles "a" and "an" as used in this application and the appended claims are generally understood to mean "one or more."

[0145] It should be understood that, unless otherwise specifically indicated, features of various embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be combined with each other. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any one of the related listed items and any combination of two or more; "and / or" describes the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. Similarly, "at least one of..." includes any one of the related listed items and any combination of two or more.

[0146] It is further understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various types of information, but this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another, and do not indicate a specific order or degree of importance. In fact, the expressions "first," "second," etc., are completely interchangeable. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information can also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information can also be referred to as first information.

[0147] Furthermore, the term "exemplary" is used herein to indicate that it serves as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as advantageous compared to other aspects or designs. Rather, the use of the term "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner. As used herein, the term "or" is intended to indicate an inclusive "or" rather than an exclusive "or." That is, unless otherwise specified or clear from the context, "X applies A or B" is intended to indicate any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X applies A; X applies B; or X applies both A and B, then applying A or B satisfies the condition under any of the foregoing instances.

[0148] Similarly, although this disclosure has been shown and described with respect to one or more implementations, equivalent variations and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the specification and drawings. This disclosure includes all such modifications and variations and is limited only by the scope of the claims. In particular, with respect to the various functions performed by the components described above (e.g., elements, resources, etc.), unless otherwise indicated, the terminology used to describe such components is intended to correspond to any component (functionally equivalent) that performs the specific function of the described component, even if it is not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure. Furthermore, although specific features of this disclosure may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such features may be combined with one or more other features of other implementations, as may be desired and advantageous to any given or particular application. Moreover, with regard to the terms “comprising,” “owning,” “having,” “having,” or variations thereof as used in this disclosure, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “including.”

[0149] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein.

[0150] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for generating underwater terrain, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on remote sensing images of the target water area, determine the initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level of the target water area; The initial water surface area is calibrated, and based on the calibrated initial water surface area, the water surface area corresponding to different water levels in the target water area is recursively calculated. Based on the water surface area corresponding to different water levels in the target water area, the underwater topography corresponding to the target water area is generated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calibration of the initial water surface area includes: Based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels is obtained, and based on the bank slope of the target water area, the water surface disturbance range of the target water area is determined. Based on the water volume difference and the initial water surface area, the multiple water surface areas of the target water area at different water levels are recursively calculated. Based on the water surface disturbance range, multiple water level-area relationship curves corresponding to the multiple water surface areas are determined, as well as multiple goodness-of-fit curves corresponding to the multiple water level-area relationship curves. Based on the multiple goodness-of-fit values, a target water level-area relationship curve is determined among the multiple water level-area relationship curves; Based on the target water level area relationship curve, the calibrated initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area includes: Based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity is determined, and a discrete point set is constructed based on the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity. The continuous function corresponding to the discrete point set is obtained by using spline interpolation. The water volume difference between adjacent water levels in the target water area is calculated based on the continuous function.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The generation of the underwater terrain corresponding to the target water area includes: Based on different water levels, draw contour lines below the water surface of the target water area; Based on the contour lines beneath the surface of the target water area, the points on the contour lines are converted into the underwater terrain.

5. An underwater terrain generation device, characterized in that, include: The acquisition unit is used to determine the initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level of the target water area based on remote sensing images of the target water area. The processing unit is used to calibrate the initial water surface area and, based on the calibrated initial water surface area, recursively deduce the water surface area corresponding to different water levels in the target water area. The output unit is used to generate the underwater topography corresponding to the target water area based on the water surface area corresponding to different water levels in the target water area.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The processing unit calibrates the initial water surface area in the following manner: Based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels is obtained, and based on the bank slope of the target water area, the water surface disturbance range of the target water area is determined. Based on the water volume difference and the initial water surface area, the multiple water surface areas of the target water area at different water levels are recursively calculated. Based on the water surface disturbance range, determine the target water level area relationship curve among the plurality of water level area relationship curves; Based on the target water level area relationship curve, the calibrated initial water surface area corresponding to the current water level is determined.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The processing unit obtains the water volume difference of the target water area at adjacent water levels based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area in the following manner: Based on the reservoir capacity curve of the target water area, the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity is determined, and a discrete point set is constructed based on the mapping relationship between water level and reservoir capacity. The continuous function corresponding to the discrete point set is obtained by using spline interpolation. The water volume difference between adjacent water levels in the target water area is calculated based on the continuous function.

8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The output unit generates the underwater topography corresponding to the target water area in the following manner: Based on different water levels, draw contour lines below the water surface of the target water area; Based on the contour lines beneath the surface of the target water area, the points on the contour lines are converted into the underwater terrain.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor: Memory used to store computer programs or instructions that can be executed by a processor; The processor is configured to execute the computer program or instructions to implement the steps of the underwater terrain generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a processor of an electronic device, enable the processor of the electronic device to perform the underwater terrain generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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