Communication method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a communication method and device, and is applied to the technical field of communication. The communication method comprises the following steps: a first satellite transmits a first signal through a first beam based on a first frequency shift compensation value and / or a first time delay compensation value; wherein the first frequency shift compensation value is determined based on a first included angle, the first included angle is an included angle between the direction of the first wave beam and the flight direction of the first satellite, the first time delay compensation value is related to a first distance, the first distance is a distance between the coverage area of the first cell and the first satellite, and the first cell is a cell corresponding to the first wave beam. According to the method, high frequency shift and high time delay in the NTN can be reduced, and the network performance of the terminal equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to communication methods and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Terrestrial networks (TN) have long been unable to achieve universal geographical coverage. In order to improve network coverage, non-terrestrial network (NTN) technology was introduced. NTN technology applies the mature cellular technology of TN to the sky, providing cellular communication services to the ground via satellite.

[0003] Satellites need to reach cosmic velocity (the first cosmic velocity) in their orbits, resulting in extremely high Doppler shift. Doppler shift refers to the change in phase and frequency caused by the difference in propagation path when a mobile station moves at a constant speed in a certain direction. Simultaneously, the greater distance between the satellite and the ground also contributes to higher latency. Therefore, compared to a TN (Network Transmission) scenario, terminal devices perceive higher frequency shift and higher latency in an NTN scenario, thus impacting network performance. Reducing high frequency shift and high latency in NTN is a pressing technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication method and apparatus that can reduce high frequency shift and high latency in NTN and improve the network performance of terminal equipment.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a communication method that can be executed by a first satellite. The first satellite (or terminal device) can refer to the first satellite itself, a network device mounted on the first satellite, or a processor, module, chip, or chip system implementing the method within the first satellite or the network device mounted on the first satellite. The method includes: transmitting a first signal through a first beam based on a first frequency shift compensation value and / or a first time delay compensation value; wherein the first frequency shift compensation value is determined based on a first angle, the first angle being the angle between the direction of the first beam and the flight direction of the first satellite; the first time delay compensation value is related to a first distance, the first distance being the distance between a first cell and the first satellite, and the first cell being the cell corresponding to the first beam.

[0006] Based on the method described in the first aspect, a first frequency shift compensation value can be determined according to the first included angle corresponding to the first cell. Compensating for the line frequency shift of the first signal corresponding to the first cell based on this first frequency shift compensation value helps reduce the impact of the Doppler frequency shift from the first satellite to the ground on communication. Furthermore, determining a first delay compensation value based on the distance between the first cell and the first satellite, and then performing delay compensation for the first signal of the first cell based on this first delay compensation value, helps reduce the impact of large delays caused by the satellite's long distance from the ground.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the first frequency shift compensation value satisfies:

[0008]

[0009] Where Δf is the first frequency shift compensation value, d f Let be the Doppler frequency shift in the direction of the first beam, v be the first cosmic velocity of the first satellite, and β be the first included angle. When the first signal is an uplink signal, f is the frequency division multiplexing uplink center frequency configured for the first cell; when the first signal is a downlink signal, f is the frequency division multiplexing downlink center frequency configured for the first cell. Based on this implementation, the corresponding first frequency shift compensation value can be determined according to the first included angle of the first cell. Compensating for the downlink frequency shift of the first signal corresponding to the first cell based on the first frequency shift compensation value helps to reduce the impact of the Doppler frequency shift from the first satellite to the ground on communication.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: transmitting a second signal through a second beam based on a second delay compensation value, wherein the cell corresponding to the second beam is a second cell, the second distance is equal to the first distance, the second distance is the distance between the second cell and the first satellite, and the second delay compensation value is equal to the first delay compensation value.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: a first satellite managing one or more logical cells, each logical cell comprising multiple physical cells, each physical cell having the same schedulable frequency domain resources, and each physical cell having the same Physical Cell Identifier (PCI). This cell networking approach expands the coverage of logical cells, extending it to the coverage areas of multiple physical cells. Within the coverage area of ​​a logical cell, a terminal device moving from one physical cell's coverage area to another does not trigger cell handover. Furthermore, multiple physical cells belonging to the same logical cell can share the same spectrum resources within their respective coverage areas. Centralized use of spectrum resources improves spectrum utilization efficiency and eliminates interference in overlapping coverage areas of two adjacent physical cells. This allows for repeated scheduling of the full bandwidth spectrum between a single terminal device or multiple spatially distant, highly isolated terminal devices, while enabling time-frequency division scheduling between multiple terminal devices that are close together and have low isolation.

[0012] Optionally, the first cell is a physical cell.

[0013] Optionally, the method further includes: transmitting the common signals corresponding to multiple physical cells within the logical cell during the common signal period of the logical cell, wherein the time-domain resources occupied by the common signals corresponding to any two physical cells within the logical cell are different. This implementation reduces the requirement for maximum downlink transmission power.

[0014] Optionally, the number of beams corresponding to the logical cells managed by the first satellite is less than or equal to the maximum number of beams supported by the baseband chip of the first satellite. Uplink multi-beam signals need to be combined using a certain baseband demodulation algorithm. The demodulation and combining capability of the first satellite is related to the capability of the baseband chip. Therefore, setting the number of beams corresponding to the logical cells managed by the first satellite to be less than or equal to the maximum number of beams supported by the baseband chip of the first satellite ensures that the number of uplink beams matches the number of logical cells, which is beneficial for improving demodulation performance.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an apparatus for performing the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect. The apparatus includes modules for performing the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0016] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an apparatus including a processing circuit for executing the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect. The processing circuit executes a program, and when the program is executed, the method shown in any possible implementation of the first aspect is performed.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the device also includes a memory for storing the program.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the memory is located outside the aforementioned device.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the memory is located within the aforementioned device.

[0020] Furthermore, the processing circuitry and memory can be integrated into a single device; that is, the processing circuitry and memory can be combined together. For example, the device can be a chip.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the above-described apparatus further includes a transceiver circuit for receiving information (or input information) or sending information (or output information).

[0022] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an apparatus including a processing circuit and a transceiver circuit. The processing circuit can be a logic circuit, and the transceiver circuit can be an interface circuit. The logic circuit and the interface are coupled. The interface circuit is used to input and / or output information, and the logic circuit is used to execute the method of any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0023] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the methods shown in any possible implementation of the first aspect to be executed.

[0024] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the methods shown in any possible implementation of the first aspect to be executed. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a transparent satellite and a regenerating satellite provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first included angle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of frequency shift compensation for the first satellite provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the time delay compensation of the first satellite provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a logical cell provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the common signal cycle of a logical cell provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this application, the application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used only to distinguish different objects and not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0039] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0040] In this application, "at least one (item)" refers to one or more, "more than one" refers to two or more, "at least two (items)" refers to two or three or more, and "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. "Or" indicates that there can be two relationships, such as only A exists and only B exists; when A and B are not mutually exclusive, it can also mean that there are three relationships, such as only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c".

[0041] In this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, which can include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission via the air interface from other units or modules. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which can include direct reception from YY via the air interface or indirect reception from YY via the air interface from other units or modules. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of a chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of a chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between network devices and terminal devices, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via buses, traces, or interfaces.

[0042] The following describes the communication system involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0043] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to non-terrestrial networks (NTN), or scenarios where NTN and terrestrial networks (TN) are integrated. The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as satellite communication systems and traditional mobile communication systems. Specifically, satellite communication systems can be integrated with traditional mobile communication systems (i.e., terrestrial communication systems). Mobile communication systems include, for example, wireless local area network (WLAN) systems, wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, fourth-generation (4G) systems, fifth-generation (5G) systems, or new radio (NR) systems, as well as other future communication systems, such as sixth-generation (6G) systems. They also support communication systems that integrate multiple wireless technologies; for example, they can be applied to systems that integrate non-terrestrial networks (NTN) with terrestrial mobile communication networks, such as those used in drones, satellite communication systems, and high altitude platform station (HAPS) communications. It is understood that the system architecture described in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0044] The method provided in this application can be applied between two entities in a communication system, such as one entity sending information to or receiving information sent by the other entity. In a wireless communication system, communication devices are included, and these devices can communicate wirelessly using air interface resources. Air interface resources may include at least one of time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, code resources, and spatial resources; this application does not limit this. For example, the aforementioned two entities may include a satellite and a terminal device, or may include a chip that can be placed in a satellite and a chip that can be placed in a terminal device, etc., where the satellite may also refer to network equipment carried on a satellite. Of course, as standards advance, other types of entities may emerge subsequently; this application does not limit these.

[0045] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the communication system may include at least one network device and at least one terminal device, such as... Figure 1 Terminal devices 1 to 4 are included in the network. The terminal devices can communicate with the network devices via an air interface Uu link or an NTN link, etc. For example, terminal devices 3 and 4 can communicate via a D2D sidelink, etc. Figure 1 The form of the terminal device shown is only an example. In a specific implementation, the terminal device may also include in-vehicle equipment or in-vehicle terminals in the Internet of Vehicles. This application does not limit the specific form of the terminal device when it is applied to the Internet of Vehicles or the Internet.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the scenarios of this communication system may include at least one of the following: point-to-point single connection between network devices and terminal devices, point-to-point dual connectivity (DC) between network devices and terminal devices, multi-hop single connection between network devices and terminal devices, or multi-hop dual connection between network devices and terminal devices.

[0047] Figure 1 An example is shown of a network device and multiple terminal devices. Figure 2 Single-connection and dual-connection are illustrated exemplarily. In specific implementations, the communication system may also include a greater number of network devices, and the coverage area of ​​each network device may include a greater or lesser number of terminal devices; this application embodiment does not limit this. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The architecture shown is merely an example and does not impose any limitations on the network architecture applicable to this application. Any network architecture that allows any network-side device in a cellular network to communicate with or sense other devices is applicable to this application.

[0048] The following provides a detailed description of terminal equipment and network equipment.

[0049] A terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. It can communicate with access network equipment (or network equipment as described below) in a radio access network (RAN). Terminal devices can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, user agent, or user device, etc. In one possible implementation, the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; or on water, including ships; or in the air, such as on airplanes, balloons, or satellites. In another possible implementation, the terminal device can be a satellite phone, cellular phone, smartphone, wireless data card, wireless modem, machine-type communication device, cordless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, PDA, handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle device, communication device mounted on a high-altitude aircraft, wearable device, drone, robot, terminal in device-to-device (D2D) communication, terminal in vehicle-to-everything (V2X), virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical care, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, or wireless terminal in smart home. This application does not limit the scope to wireless terminals in the home (or terminal devices in future communication networks). Terminal devices can be mobile devices that support the new air interface, which can access satellite networks through the air interface and initiate services such as making calls and accessing the Internet.

[0050] In this application embodiment, the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself; it can also be a device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing the functions, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the terminal device or used in conjunction with the terminal device. In this application embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips or can include chips and other discrete devices. For ease of description, when examples are mentioned below, the technical solutions provided in this application embodiment are described using the UE as an example to illustrate the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device.

[0051] A network device can be a device deployed in a wireless access network to provide wireless communication services to terminal devices. This network device can also be called an access network device, access equipment, or RAN equipment, etc. A network device can be an entity on the network side used to transmit signals, or receive signals, or both. A network device can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities in an NTN, such as a device with wireless transceiver capabilities in a satellite network. A network device can be a satellite base station; for example, it can be an evolved Node B (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB) in LTE, a base station (gNodeB or gNB) or transmission receiving point (TRP) in NR, a base station evolved under the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), an access node, a wireless relay node, or a wireless backhaul node in a WiFi system, etc. A satellite base station can be a macro base station, a micro base station, a pico base station, a small cell, or a relay station, etc. Network devices can also be balloon stations, drone stations, etc. It primarily provides wireless access services, allocating wireless resources to access terminals and providing reliable wireless transmission protocols and data encryption protocols. In scenarios where the communication system includes multiple network devices, these devices can support the same network technology or different technologies; each network device can contain one or more co-located or non-co-located relay stations (TRPs). Taking satellite base stations as an example, multiple network devices can be of the same type or different types of satellite base stations. Network devices can communicate directly with terminal devices or via relay stations. In scenarios where multiple network devices support different network technologies, the terminal device can communicate with all of them. For example, the terminal device can communicate with a network device supporting LTE, or with a network device supporting 5G, or achieve dual connectivity by communicating with both LTE-enabled and 5G-enabled network devices.

[0052] In some network device deployments, the network device may include centralized units (CUs) and distributed units (DUs). For example, some protocol layer functions of the network device may be centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions may be distributed in the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU. In other network device deployments, the CU may be divided into CU-control plane (CP) and CU-user plane (UP). In still other network device deployments, the network device may also be an open radio access network (ORAN) architecture. When the network device is an ORAN architecture, it may be a functional entity or module within the ORAN. For example, the network device may be one or more of CUs, DUs, or RUs. In an ORAN system, the CU may also be called an open (O)-CU, the DU may also be called an O-DU, the CU-CP may also be called an O-CU-CP, and the CU-UP may also be called an O-CU-UP, etc. The network device deployment methods listed here are merely examples. As standard technologies evolve, network devices may have other deployment forms, and this application does not limit these.

[0053] In some deployments, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist terminals in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing a portion of the access network's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be CUs, DUs, CU-CPs, CU-UPs, or RUs. CUs and DUs can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as a building baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs).

[0054] RAN nodes can support one or more types of fronthaul interfaces, each corresponding to a DU and RU with different functions. If the fronthaul interface between the DU and RU is a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), the DU is configured to implement one or more baseband functions, and the RU is configured to implement one or more radio frequency functions. If the fronthaul interface between the DU and RU is another type of interface, relative to CPRI, some downlink and / or uplink baseband functions, such as, for downlink, precoding, digital beamforming (BF), or one or more of inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) / cyclic prefix addition (CP), are moved from the DU to the RU; and for uplink, one or more of digital beamforming (BF), or fast fourier transform (FFT) / cyclic prefix removal (CP), are moved from the DU to the RU. In one possible implementation, the interface can be an enhanced common public radio interface (eCPRI). Under the eCPRI architecture, the segmentation between DU and RU differs, corresponding to different categories (Cat) of eCPRI, such as eCPRI Cat A, B, C, D, E, F.

[0055] Taking eCPRI Cat A as an example, for downlink transmission, layer mapping is used as the dividing line. The DU is configured to implement one or more functions preceding layer mapping (i.e., coding, rate matching, scrambling, modulation, and layer mapping itself), while other functions following layer mapping (e.g., resource element (RE) mapping, digital beamforming (BF), or one or more functions of IFFT / CP addition) are implemented in the RU. For uplink transmission, de-RE mapping is used as the dividing line. The DU is configured to implement one or more functions preceding de-mapping (i.e., decoding, rate matching de-matching, descrambling, demodulation, inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT), channel equalization, and one or more functions of de-RE mapping), while other functions following de-mapping (e.g., digital BF or FFT / CP removal) are implemented in the RU. It is understood that descriptions of the functions of the DU and RU corresponding to various types of eCPRI can be found in the eCPRI protocol and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0056] In one possible design, the processing unit in the BBU used to implement baseband functions is called the baseband high (BBH) unit, and the processing unit in the RRU / AAU / RRH used to implement baseband functions is called the baseband low (BBL) unit.

[0057] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules.

[0058] Network devices and / or terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located. Furthermore, terminal devices and network devices can be hardware devices, or software functions running on dedicated hardware or general-purpose hardware, such as virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform), or entities that include dedicated or general-purpose hardware devices and software functions. This application does not limit the specific form of the terminal devices and network devices.

[0059] In this application embodiment, the device for implementing the function of the network device can be the network device itself; it can also be a device capable of supporting the network device in implementing the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the network device or used in conjunction with the network device. For ease of description, when specific examples are mentioned below, the technical solution provided in this application embodiment will be described using a base station as an example.

[0060] It should be noted that the network application architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network application architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0061] To facilitate understanding of the solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the relevant concepts involved in the embodiments of this application are introduced below:

[0062] I. NTN

[0063] To support broader service coverage, network equipment may need to provide network services over larger communication areas. NTN refers to a network that uses radio frequency resources on platforms such as satellites, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or HAPS (High-Speed ​​Rail Systems) to provide communication services. In an NTN system, satellites can be used as network equipment (e.g., base stations) to provide services to terminal devices. NTN can provide communication services to areas where terrestrial networks cannot cover or have insufficient coverage; it can also provide stable emergency communications during natural disasters or large-scale events; and it can provide high-quality communication services to users on vehicles such as trains, ships, and airplanes. In short, NTN can be applied to scenarios such as global coverage (e.g., signal coverage for remote areas and ocean-going vessels), emergency relief (e.g., disaster monitoring, emergency communications), the Internet of Things, and high-speed mobility (e.g., high-speed rail, airplanes).

[0064] Compared to terrestrial communication, NTN (Network Telecommunication Network) offers wider coverage, higher path loss, greater latency, faster speed, and lower cost, and has been widely applied in various fields. Specifically, NTN can serve as a supplement and extension to terrestrial networks, achieving wide-area seamless coverage that wired telephone networks and terrestrial mobile communication networks cannot, effectively solving the internet access problem in areas with scarce communication infrastructure (e.g., remote areas, ocean-going vessels).

[0065] NTN satellites, classified by altitude, can be categorized into low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites, and geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites. From the perspective of signal transmission and processing, NTN satellites are further divided into... Figure 3 The diagram shows a transparent star (also known as a bent pipe mode) and a regenerating star.

[0066] Transparent satellites can transparently forward signals from terminal devices and ground base stations. As an analog radio frequency repeater, a satellite has relay functions, enabling wireless frequency conversion and amplification, and can transparently transmit or copy signals between the base station and the terminal device. For example, signals sent by a terminal device can be transparently transmitted via satellite to a gateway station (also called a ground station, gateway, earth station, or access point), which then forwards the signal to the ground base station. A gateway station can have some or all of the functions of a base station; in this case, the gateway station can be considered a base station. Gateway stations and base stations can be deployed together or separately.

[0067] Regenerating satellites involve deploying base stations directly on satellites. In this scenario, the satellite can be viewed as a wireless communication base station, possessing some or all of the functions of a base station, regenerating signals received from the ground, and understanding and processing these signals. For example, the satellite could be a base station mounted on an artificial Earth satellite or a high-altitude spacecraft; the base station could be an eNB or gNB, etc.

[0068] Satellites need to reach cosmic velocity (the first cosmic velocity) in their orbits, resulting in extremely high Doppler shift. Doppler shift refers to the change in phase and frequency caused by the difference in propagation path when a mobile station moves at a constant speed in a certain direction. Simultaneously, the greater distance between the satellite and the ground also leads to higher latency. Compared to terrestrial networks (TN), in NTN scenarios, terminal devices perceive higher frequency shifts and higher latency, thus impacting network performance. Reducing high frequency shifts and high latency in NTN is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved.

[0069] To reduce high frequency shift and high latency in NTN, embodiments of this application propose a communication method, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the communication method includes steps 401 and 402. Figure 4 The method shown corresponds to the execution entity being the first satellite or the network equipment carried or deployed on the first satellite, or... Figure 4 The device that performs the method shown can be a chip or other component in the first satellite, or a chip or other component in a network device mounted or deployed on the first satellite. Figure 4 The first satellite will be used as an example for illustration. This application does not limit the entity executing the communication method in its embodiments.

[0070] in:

[0071] 401. The first satellite determines the first frequency shift compensation value and / or the first time delay compensation value corresponding to the first cell.

[0072] In this embodiment, the first cell is a cell managed by a first satellite. The first frequency shift compensation value refers to the compensation value used by the first satellite to perform Doppler frequency shift compensation on the signal of the first cell. The first time delay compensation value refers to the compensation value used by the first satellite to perform time delay compensation on the first signal. The first signal refers to the signal transmitted between the first satellite and the terminal equipment accessing the first cell. This transmission includes both sending and receiving, meaning that the first signal can be an uplink signal and a downlink signal.

[0073] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the first satellite may manage multiple cells. Other cells besides the first cell may also determine their corresponding frequency shift compensation values ​​and / or delay compensation values. The method for determining the frequency shift compensation values ​​and / or delay compensation values ​​is the same as the method for determining the first frequency shift compensation value and / or first delay compensation value of the first cell, and will not be described in detail here.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the first satellite can determine a first frequency shift compensation value based on a first included angle, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the first included angle is the angle between the direction of the first beam and the direction of flight of the first satellite. The direction of the first beam can refer to the direction of the line connecting the first satellite as the starting point and the center point of the coverage area corresponding to the first beam. The first beam is the beam corresponding to the first cell. It can be understood that the first beam is the beam used to transmit the signal of the first cell. The coverage area of ​​the first cell includes the coverage area corresponding to the first beam. The coverage area corresponding to the first beam can also be understood as the wave position corresponding to the first beam.

[0075] Optionally, the first frequency shift compensation value satisfies the following formula (1):

[0076]

[0077] Where Δf is the first frequency shift compensation value, d f Let f be the Doppler frequency shift in the direction of the first beam, v be the first cosmic velocity of the first satellite, and β be the first included angle. When the first signal is an uplink signal, i.e., the first signal is the signal sent by the terminal equipment accessing the first cell to the first satellite, f is the frequency division multiplexing uplink center frequency configured in the first cell. When the first signal is a downlink signal, i.e., the first signal is the signal sent by the first satellite to the terminal equipment accessing the first cell, f is the frequency division multiplexing uplink center frequency configured in the first cell.

[0078] Based on this implementation method, when the number of cells managed by the first satellite is multiple, different frequency shift compensation values ​​can be determined for different orientation beams corresponding to different cells, and frequency shift compensation can be performed on these multiple cells separately, such as... Figure 6 As shown, assuming the satellite supports 5 beams (e.g., beam 1 to beam 5), each beam corresponds to 5 different cells (e.g., cell 1 to cell 5), and each beam has a different direction, then 5 different frequency shift compensation values ​​can be calculated to compensate for the signals of these 5 cells, which helps to reduce the impact of the Doppler frequency shift from the first satellite to the ground on communication.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the first satellite can determine a first time delay compensation value based on a first distance, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the first distance is the distance between the first cell and the first satellite. Further, the distance between the first cell and the first satellite can refer to the distance between the center point of the coverage area of ​​the first cell and the first satellite. Because satellite communication involves long signal propagation distances and significant transmission delays, and because the distances between different cells and the satellite are not necessarily the same, the delay between the first satellite and the terminal device is related to the distance between the terminal device's location and the satellite's location. Terminal devices closer to the first satellite experience lower delays, while those farther away experience higher delays. Therefore, based on this implementation method, delay compensation values ​​can be determined according to the distances between each cell and the first satellite, allowing for corresponding delay compensation for each different cell. This helps reduce the impact of high delays caused by the satellite's long distance from the ground.

[0080] Understandably, two cells at the same distance from the first satellite will have the same delay compensation value. Taking the first cell and the second cell managed by the first satellite as an example... Figure 7As shown, the first distance and the second distance are equal. The first distance refers to the distance between the first cell and the first satellite, and the second distance refers to the distance between the second cell and the first satellite. The first cell and the second cell are two different cells. The first satellite will perform time delay compensation on the first signal based on the first time delay compensation value. The first signal is the signal transmitted between the first satellite and the terminal equipment accessing the first cell. The first satellite will perform time delay compensation on the second signal based on the second time delay compensation value. The second signal is the signal transmitted between the first satellite and the terminal equipment accessing the second cell. The first time delay compensation value and the second time delay compensation value are equal.

[0081] Furthermore, the latency compensation value for cells closer to the first satellite is less than that for cells farther from the first satellite. Taking the first and third cells managed by the first satellite as examples, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the first distance is less than the third distance. The first distance refers to the distance between the first cell and the first satellite, and the third distance refers to the distance between the second cell and the first satellite. The first satellite will perform time delay compensation on the first signal based on a first time delay compensation value. The first signal is the signal transmitted between the first satellite and the terminal equipment accessing the first cell. The first satellite will perform time delay compensation on the third signal based on a third time delay compensation value. The third signal is the signal transmitted between the first satellite and the terminal equipment accessing the third cell. The first time delay compensation value is less than the third time delay compensation value.

[0082] Optionally, when determining the latency compensation value for each cell, the first satellite can divide the multiple cells it manages using equidistant lines. The first satellite can then determine the latency compensation value for each cell based on its position relative to the equidistant lines. For example, ... Figure 7 As shown, based on the different coverage areas of the cells, equidistant lines d1, d2, d3, and d4 are defined. An equidistant line is a circle centered on the nadir point of the first satellite. All points on the same equidistant line are equidistant from the first satellite. For example, points on equidistant line d1 are equidistant from the first satellite. The first satellite can determine the corresponding latency compensation value for a cell based on the distance between the cell's coverage area and the equidistant lines. For instance, the first satellite can configure the same latency compensation value for cells located between the same two equidistant lines. For example, if both the first and second cells are located between equidistant lines d1 and d2, then the first latency compensation value for the first cell and the second latency compensation value for the second cell are equal.

[0083] Alternatively, the time delay difference between terminal devices in different locations within the same cell and the satellite is small, so terminal devices in different locations can compensate according to the user-level timing advance (TA) corresponding to their location.

[0084] 402. The first satellite transmits the first signal through the first beam based on the first frequency shift compensation value and / or the first time delay compensation value.

[0085] In this embodiment, the first beam is the beam corresponding to the first cell, which means it is used to transmit the signal of the first cell. The first signal is the signal transmitted between the terminal device accessing the first cell and the first satellite. The first satellite can configure the local oscillator frequency in the frequency conversion module of the transceiver (TRX) corresponding to the first beam based on the first frequency shift compensation value, thereby achieving frequency shift compensation for the first signal. The first satellite can also adjust the timing of transmitting the first signal based on the first delay compensation value, thereby achieving delay compensation for the first signal.

[0086] In one possible implementation, the first satellite can manage one or more logical cells. A logical cell includes multiple physical cells, and the schedulable frequency domain resources corresponding to the multiple physical cells belonging to the same logical cell are identical. Each physical cell in these multiple physical cells has the same physical cell identifier (PCI). The logical cell described here can also be referred to as a shared cell, baseband cell, Single Frequency Network (SFN) cell, or hypercell. A logical cell can also be understood as a cell corresponding to a BBU; hereinafter, all will be referred to as a logical cell, and this application embodiment does not limit its name. The cells included in a logical cell can also be referred to as physical cells, and further, can be understood as a cell corresponding to an RRU; hereinafter, all will be referred to as physical cells, and this application embodiment does not limit its name. The cells described in step 401 above, such as the first cell, the second cell, and the third cell, refer to physical cells. For example, the first cell can be one of the multiple physical cells within a logical cell.

[0087] like Figure 8 As shown, in the cell networking scheme described in this implementation, multiple RRUs and antennas of the first satellite can be connected to the same logical cell on the same BBU. Each RRU can be used to transmit and receive uplink and downlink signals from the same logical cell. This cell networking method is beneficial for extending the coverage range of logical cells; that is, the coverage range of a logical cell can extend to the coverage areas corresponding to multiple physical cells. Within the coverage area of ​​a logical cell, when a terminal device moves from the coverage area of ​​one physical cell to the coverage area of ​​another physical cell, cell handover will not be triggered. For example... Figure 8In this scenario, a terminal device moves from the coverage area of ​​physical cell 1 to the coverage area of ​​physical cell 2. Since physical cell 1 and physical cell 2 belong to the same logical cell, and each physical cell within a logical cell uses the same PCI, the terminal device will not trigger a cell handover process. Furthermore, multiple physical cells belonging to the same logical cell can share the same spectrum resources within their respective coverage areas. Centralized use of spectrum resources improves spectrum utilization efficiency and eliminates interference in overlapping coverage areas of two adjacent physical cells. This allows for repeated scheduling of the full bandwidth spectrum between a single terminal device or multiple spatially distant, highly isolated terminal devices, while enabling time-frequency division scheduling between multiple terminal devices that are close together and have low isolation.

[0088] Optionally, the number of beams corresponding to the logical cell managed by the first satellite is less than or equal to the maximum number of beams supported by the baseband chip of the first satellite. It is understood that the number of beams corresponding to a logical cell refers to the number of beams used to transmit and receive signals from that logical cell. Directly combining signals received from multiple beams can easily lead to a decrease in the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the received signal. For example, assuming that beam 1 and beam 2 are both used to transmit and receive signals from the same logical cell, and the terminal device is within the coverage area of ​​beam 1, the uplink signal transmitted by the terminal device is received by the first satellite through beam 1. If the first satellite directly combines the signal received through beam 1 with the signal received through beam 2, since beam 2 only contains noise, this will result in no enhancement of the useful signal after combining, while the noise is doubled, thus causing a decrease in the SINR of the received signal. Therefore, uplink multi-beam signals need to be combined using a certain baseband demodulation algorithm. The demodulation and combining capability of the first satellite is related to the capability of the baseband chip. Therefore, the number of beams corresponding to the logical cells managed by the first satellite is set to be less than or equal to the maximum number of beams supported by the baseband chip of the first satellite, so that the number of uplink beams matches the number of logical cells, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.

[0089] In one possible implementation, the first satellite transmits public signals corresponding to multiple cells within the logical cell during the public signal period of the logical cell, wherein the time-domain resources occupied by the public signals corresponding to any two physical cells in the logical cell are different.

[0090] Public signals, also known as public information or non-dedicated information, refer to signals transmitted by a first satellite to multiple terminal devices within a physical cell. Alternatively, they can be understood as signals transmitted by the first satellite to a specific terminal or group of terminals within a physical cell without being specifically targeted. They can also be information that multiple terminal devices or a group of terminal devices within a physical cell can share. For example, public information can include cell system information, synchronization signals, or paging messages. Public signals can be used for processes such as terminal device cell identification, initial cell access, neighbor cell measurement, or cell handover. The first satellite will broadcast public signals to terminal devices within the physical cell according to the configured period and transmission timing. These public signals can be transmitted using a multi-beam scanning method, such as four-beam or eight-beam scanning.

[0091] This implementation reduces the requirement for maximum downlink transmit power. Understandably, if all TRXs in a logical cell simultaneously transmit a common signal, a high maximum downlink transmit power is required. Each TRX corresponds one-to-one with a physical cell; one TRX transmits the signal for one physical cell. For example, if a logical cell contains m physical cells, and the transmit power of one TRX for the common signal is P0, then the power of m TRXs simultaneously transmitting the common signal is m × P0. However, by using this implementation to stagger the time-domain resources used to transmit the common signals for different TRXs corresponding to different physical cells, the maximum transmit power requirement can be significantly reduced. Figure 9 As shown, a logical cell comprises m physical cells, where m is an integer greater than 1. Figure 9 Within the common signal period T of a logical cell, the time-domain resources of the common signals transmitted by each TRX do not overlap. For example, the first satellite can transmit the common signal of physical cell i through TRXi during time period Ti, where i is an integer between 1 and m (inclusive). Therefore, the first satellite will only transmit the signal of one physical cell through one TRX at any given time. If the power of transmitting the common signal of one TRX is P0, the maximum downlink transmission power is also P0, which reduces the number of concurrent common signals at the same time and correspondingly reduces the requirement for the instantaneous maximum transmission power.

[0092] Optionally, such as Figure 9As shown, when TRX2 transmits the common signal of physical cell 2, it corresponds to the PDSCH of physical cell 1 in the time domain. If TRX1 schedules the frequency resources of the common signal at the same time, it may cause co-channel interference to the common signal of TRX2. Therefore, if the spatial isolation of the beams corresponding to the two physical cells is low, for example, below the first threshold, when the two physical cells transmit signals simultaneously, such as one physical cell transmitting the common signal and the other transmitting the PDSCH, the interference can be reduced by frequency division multiplexing, that is, the two physical cells use different frequencies to transmit signals. If the spatial isolation of the beams corresponding to the two physical cells is high, for example, greater than or equal to the first threshold, when the signals are transmitted simultaneously, such as one physical cell transmitting the common signal and the other transmitting the PDSCH, the two physical cells can also use the same frequency resources to transmit signals.

[0093] The apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0094] This application divides the device into functional modules according to the above method embodiments. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated modules can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules. It should be noted that the module division in this application is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division; other division methods may be used in actual implementation. The following will combine... Figures 10 to 12 The apparatus of the embodiments of this application is described in detail.

[0095] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the device includes a processing module 1001 and a transceiver module 1002. The transceiver module 1002 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing module 1001 is used to implement corresponding processing functions. The transceiver module 1002 can also be referred to as an interface, a communication interface, or a communication module, etc.

[0096] In this embodiment, the device can be used to perform the actions performed by the first satellite in the method embodiment described above. In this case, the first satellite can be the first satellite itself or a chip or functional module configurable within the first satellite. The transceiver module 1002 is used to perform transceiver-related operations of the first satellite in the method embodiment described above, and the processing module 1001 is used to perform processing-related operations of the first satellite in the method embodiment described above.

[0097] For example, the processing module 1001 can be used to determine a first frequency shift compensation value and / or a first time delay compensation value, and the transceiver module 1002 can transmit a first signal through a first beam based on the first frequency shift compensation value and / or the first time delay compensation value; wherein, the first frequency shift compensation value is determined based on a first angle, the first angle being the angle between the direction of the first beam and the direction of flight of the first satellite, and the first time delay compensation value is related to a first distance, the first distance being the distance between the coverage area of ​​the first cell and the first satellite, and the first cell being the cell corresponding to the first beam.

[0098] Optionally, in the above embodiments, the device may further include a storage module, which can be used to store instructions and / or data, and the processing module 1001 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module to enable the device to implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0099] The specific descriptions of the transceiver module and processing module shown in the above embodiments are merely examples. For the specific functions or execution steps of the transceiver module and processing module, please refer to the above method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0100] The apparatus of the embodiments of this application has been described above. The possible product forms of the described apparatus are described below. Any device possessing the above-described features... Figure 10 Any form of product that incorporates the functionality of the described device falls within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. The following description is merely illustrative and does not limit the product form of the device in the embodiments of this application to this specific example.

[0101] In one possible implementation, Figure 10In the illustrated device, processing module 1001 can be one or more processing circuits, and transceiver module 1002 can be a transceiver circuit, or transceiver module 1002 can also be a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module can be a transmitting circuit, and the receiving module can be a receiving circuit, which are integrated into one device, such as a transceiver circuit. In the embodiments of this application, the processing circuit and the transceiver circuit can be coupled, etc., and the connection method of the processing circuit and the transceiver circuit is not limited in the embodiments of this application. In the process of performing the above method, the process of sending information in the above method can be the process of the processing circuit outputting the above information. When outputting the above information, the processing circuit outputs the above information to the transceiver circuit so that the transceiver circuit can transmit (or output). After the above information is output by the processing circuit, it may need to undergo other processing before reaching the transceiver circuit. Similarly, the process of receiving information in the above method can be the process of the processing circuit receiving the input above information. When the processing circuit receives the input information, the transceiver circuit receives the above information and inputs it into the processing circuit. Furthermore, after the transceiver circuit receives the aforementioned information, the information may need to undergo further processing before being input into the processing circuit.

[0102] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the device 110 includes one or more processing circuits 1120 and transceiver circuits 1110.

[0103] In some embodiments of this application, the apparatus can be used to perform the steps, methods, or functions performed by the first satellite described above, such as the processing circuit 1120 being used to perform... Figure 10 The transceiver circuit 1110 can be used to perform the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 1001 shown. Figure 10 The transceiver module 1002 shown illustrates the functions or steps implemented by this module. For detailed descriptions of the processing circuit 1120 and the transceiver circuit 1110, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 10 Alternatively, the method embodiments shown above will not be described in detail here.

[0104] For example, the processing circuitry may be one or more processors, or all or part of the circuitry within one or more processors. The transceiver circuitry may be a transceiver, an input / output circuit, or an interface circuit, etc.

[0105] For example, in Figure 11 In various implementations of the illustrated apparatus, the transceiver circuitry may include a receiver for performing a receiving function (or operation) and a transmitter for performing a transmitting function (or operation). The transceiver circuitry is also used for communicating with other devices / appliances via a transmission medium.

[0106] Optionally, the device 110 may further include one or more memories 1130 for storing program instructions and / or data. The memories 1130 are coupled to the processing circuitry 1120. The coupling in this embodiment is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units, or modules, and can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms, used for information exchange between devices, units, or modules. The processing circuitry 1120 may operate in conjunction with the memories 1130. The processing circuitry 1120 may execute the program instructions stored in the memories 1130. Optionally, at least one of the aforementioned memories may be included in the processing circuitry.

[0107] This application embodiment does not limit the specific connection medium between the transceiver circuit 1110, the processing circuit 1120, and the memory 1130. This application embodiment... Figure 11 The memory 1130, processing circuit 1120, and transceiver circuit 1110 are connected via a bus 1140. Figure 11 The connections between other components are shown in bold and are for illustrative purposes only, not as limiting information. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, Figure 11 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0108] In the embodiments of this application, the processing circuit may be a general-purpose processing circuit, a digital signal processing circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc., and can implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processing circuit may be a microprocessor circuit or any conventional processing circuit, etc. The steps of the methods in conjunction with the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as the execution of the hardware processing circuit, or the execution of the steps by combining hardware and software modules in the processing circuit, etc.

[0109] In this application embodiment, the memory may include, but is not limited to, non-volatile memory such as hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD), random access memory (RAM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), read-only memory (ROM), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), etc. Memory is any storage medium capable of carrying or storing program code having instruction or data structure form, and capable of being read and / or written by a computer (such as the device shown in this application), but is not limited to this. The memory in this application embodiment may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing storage functions, used to store program instructions and / or data.

[0110] For example, the processing circuit 1120 is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire device, execute software programs, and process the data of the software programs. The memory 1130 is mainly used to store software programs and data. The transceiver circuit 1111 may include a control circuit and an antenna. The control circuit is mainly used for converting baseband signals to radio frequency signals and processing radio frequency signals. The antenna is mainly used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input / output devices, such as touch screens, displays, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive user input data and output data to the user.

[0111] When the device is powered on, the processing circuit 1120 can read the software program in the memory 1130, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data needs to be transmitted wirelessly, the processing circuit 1120 performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency (RF) circuit. The RF circuit then performs RF processing on the baseband signal and transmits the RF signal outward in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is sent to the device, the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts the RF signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processing circuit 1120. The processing circuit 1120 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

[0112] In another implementation, the radio frequency circuit and antenna can be set up independently of the processing circuit that performs baseband processing. For example, in a distributed scenario, the radio frequency circuit and antenna can be arranged remotely, independent of the device.

[0113] The apparatus shown in the embodiments of this application may also have a higher... Figure 11This application does not limit the use of other components or other related elements. The methods performed by the processing circuit and transceiver circuit shown above are merely examples; the specific steps performed by the processing circuit and transceiver circuit can be found in the methods described above.

[0114] In another possible implementation, Figure 10 In the illustrated device, the processing module 1001 can be one or more logic circuits, and the transceiver module 1002 can be an input / output interface, or a communication interface, or an interface circuit, or an interface, etc. Alternatively, the transceiver module 1002 can also be a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module can be an output interface, and the receiving module can be an input interface. The transmitting module and the receiving module are integrated into one module, such as an input / output interface.

[0115] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 The illustrated device includes logic circuit 1201 and interface circuit 1202. That is, the processing module 1001 can be implemented using logic circuit 1201, and the transceiver module 1002 can be implemented using interface circuit 1202. The logic circuit 1201 can be a chip, processing circuit, integrated circuit, or system-on-chip (SoC) chip, etc., and the interface circuit 1202 can be a communication interface, input / output interface, pins, etc. For example, Figure 12 The above device is used as an example of a chip, which includes a logic circuit 1201 and an interface circuit 1202.

[0116] In this embodiment, the logic circuit and the interface can also be coupled to each other. The specific connection method between the logic circuit and the interface is not limited in this embodiment. For example, the logic circuit 1201 can be used to perform... Figure 10 The interface circuit 1202 can be used to execute the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 1001 shown. Figure 10 The transceiver module 1002 shown illustrates the functions or steps implemented by this module. For detailed explanations of the logic circuit 1201 and the interface circuit 1202, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 10 Alternatively, the method embodiments shown above will not be described in detail here.

[0117] The apparatus shown in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or software, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0118] In addition, this application also provides a computer program for implementing the operations and / or processes performed by various devices in the method provided in this application.

[0119] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer code that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the operations and / or processes performed by the various devices in the methods provided in this application.

[0120] This application also provides a computer program product comprising computer code or a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the operations and / or processes performed by various entities in the method provided in this application to be executed.

[0121] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the couplings or direct couplings or communication connections shown or discussed may be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices, or modules, or they may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms of connection.

[0122] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the technical effects of the solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0123] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module. The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules.

[0124] If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned readable storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0125] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a first satellite, the method includes: Based on the first frequency shift compensation value and / or the first time delay compensation value, the first signal is transmitted through the first beam; The first frequency shift compensation value is determined based on the first included angle, which is the angle between the direction of the first beam and the direction of flight of the first satellite. The first time delay compensation value is related to the first distance, which is the distance between the first cell and the first satellite. The first cell is the cell corresponding to the first beam.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first frequency shift compensation value satisfies: Where Δf is the first frequency shift compensation value, d f , where f is the Doppler frequency shift in the direction of the first beam, v is the first cosmic velocity of the first satellite, and β is the first included angle; when the first signal is an uplink signal, f is the frequency division multiplexing uplink center frequency configured in the first cell, and when the first signal is a downlink signal, f is the frequency division multiplexing downlink center frequency configured in the first cell.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the second delay compensation value, the second signal is transmitted through the second beam, the cell corresponding to the second beam is the second cell, the second distance is equal to the first distance, the second distance is the distance between the second cell and the first satellite, and the second delay compensation value is equal to the first delay compensation value.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first satellite manages one or more logical cells, and each logical cell includes multiple physical cells. The schedulable frequency domain resources corresponding to each physical cell in the logical cell are the same, and the physical cell identifier (PCI) of each physical cell in the logical cell is the same.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first cell is a physical cell.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: During the common signal period of the logical cell, the common signals corresponding to multiple physical cells in the logical cell are transmitted, wherein the time domain resources occupied by the common signals corresponding to any two physical cells in the logical cell are different.

7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that, The number of beams corresponding to the logical cell managed by the first satellite is less than or equal to the maximum number of beams supported by the baseband chip of the first satellite.

8. An apparatus, characterized in that, The apparatus includes modules or units for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are executed by the device, the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is performed.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program or instructions, which, when executed, perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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