Chloridion-doped porous CuO nanosheet with micron-sized transverse size and preparation method of chloridion-doped porous CuO nanosheet

Abstract

The invention discloses a chloride ion-doped micron-sized transverse-size porous CuO nanosheet and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of micron / nano material preparation and electro-catalysis CO2 reduction. According to the preparation method, copper acetate is taken as a copper source, potassium chloride is taken as a chlorine source, organic alkali n-butylamine is taken as an alkali source, and a homogeneous precipitation-heat treatment method is adopted, so that the chlorine ion doped micron-sized transverse-size porous CuO nanosheet is prepared; the method is simple in process, low in cost, good in repeatability and easy to amplify production, when the product is used for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction, CO2 is efficiently catalyzed to be converted into high-added-value industrial raw material ethylene, and the product has wide application prospects in the fields of energy conversion and carbon dioxide resource utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of micro / nanomaterial preparation and electrocatalytic CO2 reduction technology, and in particular to a chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheet for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction is a technology that uses electrical energy to catalytically convert CO2 into high-value-added chemicals and fuels. This reaction typically occurs at the gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface and is a typical reaction sensitive to surface structure. The surface structure and composition of the catalyst can affect the enrichment behavior of the reactant CO2 and the adsorption strength of key reaction intermediates, thereby further regulating the reaction rate and product selectivity of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. Among many electrocatalytic CO2 reduction raw materials, metallic Cu and its derived catalysts are particularly effective due to their sensitivity to key intermediates... It has moderate adsorption strength and is effective against hydrogen evolution intermediates. The adsorption is relatively weak, therefore, under aqueous phase electrolysis conditions, CO2 can be efficiently converted into multiple carbons (C). 2+ The products of electrocatalysis include ethylene and ethanol, which have important industrial applications. In recent years, copper oxide-based catalysts have attracted widespread attention from researchers because their composition and structure are easy to control, thereby optimizing the selectivity and reaction rate of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction products.

[0003] Currently, common methods for preparing copper oxide materials include aqueous solution methods, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and thermal oxidation. Among these, CVD is expensive, complex, and has low yields, making it unsuitable for large-scale production. Thermal oxidation is highly dependent on precursors, making it difficult to controllably construct nanomaterials with specific morphologies. Aqueous solution methods, due to their relatively simple process and numerous adjustable parameters, are often used to synthesize copper oxide materials with various morphologies and structures. However, conventional aqueous solution methods often struggle to simultaneously achieve precise control over the material's pore structure and ion doping, limiting the performance of the prepared copper oxide catalysts in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions, particularly for C2 reduction. 2+ Further improvements in product selectivity and reaction rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, this invention provides chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets and their preparation method. This invention employs a homogeneous precipitation-heat treatment method, using copper acetate as the copper source, n-butylamine as the alkali source, and potassium chloride as the chloride source to synthesize chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous copper oxide nanosheets. The preparation method is efficient, low-cost, and easy to scale up for production. Chloride ion doping effectively modulates the electronic structure of CuO, enhances the adsorption of key reaction intermediates, and lowers the CC coupling barrier. Simultaneously, its unique micron-sized lateral dimensions and nanoporous structure provide a large specific surface area and abundant active sites.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The first objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets, comprising the following steps: (1) Prepare an aqueous solution of copper acetate, and then add potassium chloride to obtain an aqueous solution of copper acetate containing potassium chloride; (2) Under stirring conditions, n-butylamine aqueous solution is added dropwise to the copper acetate aqueous solution containing potassium chloride prepared in step (1) to form a blue suspension; (3) The blue suspension obtained in step (2) is aged in a water bath at 60-90 ℃ for 3-5 h under magnetic stirring; (4) The brown product obtained in step (3) is washed with ultrapure water and then dried at 50-90 °C for 5-7 h; (5) Heat the brown product dried in step (4) to 200~500 ℃ and keep it at that temperature for 1~3 h to obtain porous CuO nanosheets with micron-sized transverse dimensions doped with chloride ions.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the copper acetate is Cu(CH3COO)2∙H2O with a purity of 99.99%; The concentration of copper acetate aqueous solution is 0.5~1.0 mol / L; the concentration of potassium chloride in copper acetate aqueous solution containing potassium chloride is 3~7wt%.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the dropping rate is 1.0 mL / min.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the n-butylamine aqueous solution is 1.0~2.0 mol / L.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the molar ratio of copper acetate in the copper acetate aqueous solution containing potassium chloride to n-butylamine in the n-butylamine aqueous solution is 1:1~4.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), 50 mL of n-butylamine aqueous solution is added dropwise to 200 mL of copper acetate aqueous solution containing potassium chloride prepared in step (1).

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (5), the heating rate is 10 °C / min.

[0012] The second objective of this invention is to provide a chloride-doped porous CuO nanosheet with micron-sized lateral dimensions prepared by the above-described method.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets have a length of 1~1.5 μm and a width of 200~500 nm, and pores with a size of 2~5 nm are uniformly distributed on them, and the chloride ions are present in the form of being incorporated into the CuO lattice.

[0014] A third objective of this invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethylene.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethylene is as follows: The aforementioned chloride-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets were dispersed at a concentration of 4–8 g / L in an ethanol solution containing 5% perfluorosulfonic acid resin, and then further dispersed at a concentration of 0.4–0.8 mg / cm³. 2 The load capacity is sprayed to 1.5 × 1.5 cm. 2 A porous CuO nanosheet electrode with micron-sized lateral dimensions and doped with chloride ions was obtained by drying on hydrophobic conductive carbon paper under an infrared lamp. The electrode was then used for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to ethylene in a flow-type three-electrode electrolytic cell with 1.0 mol / L KOH solution as the electrolyte.

[0016] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows: (1) This invention significantly improves the performance of copper oxide electrocatalyzed CO2 reduction to ethylene through the synergistic effect of chloride ion doping and nanoporous structure. The introduction of chloride ions can regulate the electronic structure of copper oxide catalyst, enhance the adsorption of the key reaction intermediate *CO, and reduce the energy barrier of CC coupling; at the same time, the nanoporous structure provides a large specific surface area and abundant active sites, promoting mass transfer and adsorption between reactants and intermediates. This dual optimization of structure and composition makes the finally prepared catalyst exhibit far superior ethylene selectivity in the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction compared to undoped and non-porous copper oxide.

[0017] (2) The homogeneous precipitation-heat treatment method adopted in this invention has the outstanding advantages of simple process, low cost, good repeatability and easy scale-up production. This method uses common copper acetate, potassium chloride and n-butylamine as raw materials. By precisely controlling parameters such as reactant concentration, ratio, material drop order and rate, aging and heat treatment temperature, it can stably and efficiently prepare porous copper oxide nanosheets with regular structure and chloride ion doping in micron-sized lateral dimensions. Compared with complex or high-cost preparation techniques such as chemical vapor deposition and thermal oxidation, this method is more suitable for large-scale synthesis of high-performance electrocatalysts, laying a solid foundation for their application in industrial-grade electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The XRD patterns of the chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets prepared in Example 1 and the undoped porous CuO nanosheets prepared in Comparative Example 1 are shown. Figure 2 SEM, TEM, HAADF-STEM and HRTEM images of the chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets prepared in Example 1; Figure 3 TEM image of the porous CuO nanosheets prepared in Comparative Example 1; Figure 4 TEM image of the non-porous CuO nanosheets prepared in Comparative Example 2; Figure 5 SEM and TEM images of the thicker, non-porous CuO nanosheets prepared using NaOH as the alkali source in Comparative Example 3. Figure 6 SEM and TEM images of multilayer irregular CuO nanosheets prepared using urea as the alkali source for Comparative Example 4. Figure 7 SEM and TEM images of the plate-like CuO prepared in Comparative Example 5; Figure 8 Comparison of the Faradaic efficiency and current density of the chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets prepared in Example 1, the undoped porous CuO nanosheets prepared in Comparative Example 1, and the non-porous CuO nanosheets prepared in Comparative Example 2 for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to ethylene. Figure 9 The Faraday efficiency of CuO prepared by introducing bromide and iodide ions into Comparative Examples 6 and 7, micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets with chloride ion doping prepared in Example 1, and undoped porous CuO nanosheets prepared in Comparative Example 1 for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethylene was compared. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example 1 A method for preparing chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets includes the following steps: (1) Prepare 200 mL of 0.5 mol / L copper acetate aqueous solution containing 5 wt% potassium chloride; (2) Under magnetic stirring conditions, 50 mL of 1.0 mol / L n-butylamine aqueous solution was added dropwise to the potassium chloride-containing copper acetate aqueous solution prepared in step (1) at a dropping rate of 1.0 mL / min to form a blue suspension; (3) Under magnetic stirring conditions, the blue suspension obtained in (2) was aged in a water bath at 80 °C for 3 h; (4) The brown product obtained in step (3) was thoroughly washed with ultrapure water and ethanol and then dried in an electric heating drying oven at 60 °C for 6 h. (5) The brown product dried in step (4) is heated to 300 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min and kept at that temperature for 2 h to obtain porous CuO nanosheets with micron-sized transverse dimensions doped with chloride ions.

[0020] Example 2 A method for preparing chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets includes the following steps: (1) Prepare 200 mL of a 0.75 mol / L copper acetate aqueous solution containing 5 wt% potassium chloride; (2) Under magnetic stirring conditions, 50 mL of 1.5 mol / L n-butylamine aqueous solution was added dropwise to the potassium chloride-containing copper acetate aqueous solution prepared in step (1) at a dropping rate of 1.0 mL / min to form a blue suspension; (3) Under magnetic stirring conditions, the blue suspension obtained in (2) was aged in a water bath at 70 °C for 3 h; (4) The brown product obtained in step (3) was thoroughly washed with ultrapure water and ethanol and then dried in an electric heating drying oven at 80 °C for 4 h. (5) The brown product dried in step (4) is heated to 400 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min and kept at the temperature for 1.5 h to obtain porous CuO nanosheets with micron-sized transverse dimensions doped with chloride ions.

[0021] Example 3 A method for preparing chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets includes the following steps: (1) Prepare 200 mL of a 1.0 mol / L copper acetate aqueous solution containing 4 wt% potassium chloride; (2) Under magnetic stirring conditions, 50 mL of 2.0 mol / L n-butylamine aqueous solution was added dropwise to the potassium chloride-containing copper acetate aqueous solution prepared in step (1) at a dropping rate of 1.0 mL / min to form a blue suspension; (3) Under magnetic stirring conditions, the blue suspension obtained in (2) was aged in a water bath at 60 °C for 4 h; (4) The brown product obtained in step (3) was thoroughly washed with ultrapure water and ethanol and then dried in an electric heating drying oven at 70 °C for 5 h. (5) The brown product dried in step (4) is heated to 200 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min and kept at that temperature for 3 h to obtain porous CuO nanosheets with micron-sized transverse dimensions doped with chloride ions.

[0022] Example 4 A method for preparing chloride ion-doped micron-sized porous CuO nanosheets includes the following steps: (1) Prepare 200 mL of 0.5 mol / L copper acetate aqueous solution containing 3 wt% potassium chloride; (2) Under magnetic stirring conditions, 50 mL of 1.0 mol / L n-butylamine aqueous solution was added dropwise to the potassium chloride-containing copper acetate aqueous solution prepared in step (1) at a dropping rate of 1.0 mL / min to form a blue suspension; (3) Under magnetic stirring conditions, the blue suspension obtained in (2) was aged in a water bath at 80 °C for 4 h; (4) The brown product obtained in step (3) was thoroughly washed with ultrapure water and ethanol and then dried in an electric heating drying oven at 80 °C for 4 h. (5) The brown product dried in step (4) is heated to 300 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min and kept at that temperature for 3 h to obtain porous CuO nanosheets with micron-sized transverse dimensions doped with chloride ions.

[0023] Comparative Example 1 (1) Prepare 200 mL of 0.5 mol / L copper acetate aqueous solution; (2) Under magnetic stirring conditions, add 50 mL of 1.0 mol / L n-butylamine aqueous solution to (1) at a dropping rate of 1.0 mL / min; (3) Under magnetic stirring conditions, the blue suspension obtained in (2) was aged in a water bath at 80 °C for 3 h; (4) The brown product obtained in step (3) was thoroughly washed with ultrapure water and ethanol and then dried in an electric heating drying oven at 60 °C for 6 h. (5) The brown product dried in step (4) is heated to 300 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min and kept at that temperature for 2 h to obtain undoped porous CuO nanosheets.

[0024] Comparative Example 2 (1) Prepare 200 mL of 0.5 mol / L copper acetate aqueous solution; (2) Under magnetic stirring conditions, add 50 mL of 1.0 mol / L n-butylamine aqueous solution to (1) at a dropping rate of 1.0 mL / min; (3) Under magnetic stirring conditions, the blue suspension obtained in (2) was aged in a water bath at 80 °C for 3 h; (4) After thoroughly washing the product obtained in step (3) with ultrapure water and ethanol, dry it in an electric heating drying oven at 60 °C for 6 h to obtain CuO nanosheets without obvious pore structure.

[0025] Comparative Example 3 (1) Prepare 200 mL of 0.5 mol / L copper acetate aqueous solution; (2) Under magnetic stirring conditions, add 50 mL of 1.0 mol / L NaOH aqueous solution to (1) at a dropping rate of 1.0 mL / min; (3) Under magnetic stirring conditions, the blue suspension obtained in (2) was aged in a water bath at 80 °C for 3 h; (4) The brown product obtained in step (3) was thoroughly washed with ultrapure water and ethanol and then dried in an electric heating drying oven at 60 °C for 6 h. (5) The brown product dried in step (4) was heated to 300 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min and kept at that temperature for 2 h to obtain thick CuO nanosheets without obvious pore structure.

[0026] Comparative Example 4 (1) Prepare 200 mL of 0.5 mol / L copper acetate aqueous solution; (2) Under magnetic stirring conditions, 50 mL of 6.0 mol / L urea aqueous solution was added dropwise to (1) at a rate of 1.0 mL / min; (3) Under magnetic stirring conditions, the solution obtained in (2) was aged in an oil bath at 120 °C for 3 h; (4) The brown product obtained in step (3) was thoroughly washed with ultrapure water and ethanol and then dried in an electric heating drying oven at 60 °C for 6 h. (5) The brown product dried in step (4) is heated to 400 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min and kept at that temperature for 2 h to obtain multilayer irregular CuO nanosheets.

[0027] Comparative Example 5 (1) Prepare 200 mL of 0.5 mol / L copper acetate aqueous solution containing 5 wt% potassium chloride; (2) Under magnetic stirring conditions, add 50 mL of 1.0 mol / L n-butylamine aqueous solution to (1) at a dropping rate of 1.0 mL / min; (3) Under magnetic stirring conditions, the blue suspension obtained in (2) was aged in a water bath at 80 °C for 3 h; (4) The brown product obtained in step (3) was thoroughly washed with ultrapure water and ethanol and then dried in an electric heating drying oven at 60 °C for 6 h. (5) The brown product dried in step (4) is heated to 900 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min and held at that temperature for 1 h. After high-temperature sintering, a plate-like structure of chloride-doped CuO is obtained.

[0028] Comparative Example 6 (1) Prepare 200 mL of 0.5 mol / L copper acetate aqueous solution containing 5 wt% potassium bromide; (2) Under magnetic stirring conditions, add 50 mL of 1.0 mol / L n-butylamine aqueous solution to (1) at a dropping rate of 1.0 mL / min; (3) Under magnetic stirring conditions, the blue suspension obtained in (2) was aged in a water bath at 80 °C for 3 h; (4) After thoroughly washing the product obtained in step (3) with ultrapure water and ethanol, dry it in an electric heating drying oven at 60 °C for 6 h. (5) The brown product dried in step (4) is heated to 300 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min and kept at that temperature for 2 h to obtain CuO with bromide ions introduced.

[0029] Comparative Example 7 (1) Prepare 200 mL of 0.5 mol / L copper acetate aqueous solution containing 5 wt% potassium iodide; (2) Under magnetic stirring conditions, add 50 mL of 1.0 mol / L n-butylamine aqueous solution to (1) at a dropping rate of 1.0 mL / min; (3) Under magnetic stirring conditions, the blue suspension obtained in (2) was aged in a water bath at 80 °C for 3 h; (4) The brown product obtained in step (3) was thoroughly washed with ultrapure water and ethanol and then dried in an electric heating drying oven at 60 °C for 6 h. (5) The brown product dried in step (4) is heated to 300 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min and kept at that temperature for 2 h to obtain CuO with introduced iodide ions.

[0030] Test example: 1. The crystal structures of the products prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were determined by XRD. Figure 1 In this embodiment of the invention, comparison with standard PDF cards proves that the prepared products are all monoclinic CuO with high purity and good crystallinity. Comparison revealed that the addition of 5% KCl caused the diffraction peaks of the (002) and (200) crystal planes of CuO to shift towards a smaller angle by approximately 0.05°. This is because the chloride ions added to the reaction system successfully incorporated into the CuO lattice, resulting in lattice expansion in the CuO nanosheets.

[0031] 2. The morphology of the products prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-5 was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). from Figure 2 It can be seen that the prepared chloride ion-doped CuO nanosheets are approximately 1.2 μm long and 500 nm wide. Figure 2 As can be seen from bd, the prepared chloride ion-doped micron-sized CuO nanosheets have uniformly distributed nanopore structures on their surface, with an average pore size of approximately 3 nm. From Figure 3 As can be seen, the CuO nanosheets prepared in Comparative Example 1 have uniformly distributed nanoporous structures. Figure 4 It can be seen that the CuO nanosheets prepared in Comparative Example 2 do not have obvious nanoporous structures on their surface. From Figure 5 It can be seen that Comparative Example 3 prepared relatively thick CuO nanosheets using NaOH as the alkali source. From Figure 6 It can be seen that Comparative Example 4 prepared multilayered irregular CuO nanosheets using urea, an organic compound, as the alkali source. From Figure 7 It can be seen that in Comparative Example 5, the excessively high heat treatment temperature of the CuO precursor caused the CuO nanosheets to sinter into a plate-like CuO structure.

[0032] 3. Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethylene Using the products obtained in Examples 1, 1, 2, and 6, 7 as catalysts, ethylene was produced by electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 in a three-electrode flow electrolytic cell. The specific process was as follows: 8 mg of catalyst was added to 1 mL of an ethanol solution containing 5% perfluorosulfonic acid resin and sonicated for 1 h to prepare a catalyst dispersion; a 1.5 × 1.5 cm... 2 Hydrophobic and breathable conductive carbon paper was used as the substrate to support the catalyst, with a catalyst loading of approximately 0.5 mg / cm³. 2CO2 electroreduction was performed using 1 M KOH as the electrolyte solution, with an electrolyte flow rate of 10 mL / min and a CO2 flow rate of 25 sccm, under constant potential electrolysis conditions of -1.6 to -2.2 V vs. RHE. The resulting ethylene product was detected by gas chromatography, and the specific test results are as follows: Figure 8 and 9 As shown.

[0033] from Figure 8 It is evident that doping with chloride ions into porous CuO nanosheets enhances both the rate and selectivity of the electrocatalytic reduction of ethylene from CO2, resulting in a Faradaic efficiency of approximately 55%, which is about 10% higher than that of porous CuO nanosheets and about 15% higher than that of CuO nanosheets without significant pores. Figure 9 It can be seen that halide ions (Cl) - ,Br - and I - The introduction of any of these factors will affect the selectivity of CuO electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethylene. Among them, chloride ion-doped porous CuO nanosheets have the highest selectivity for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethylene under the same conditions.

[0034] The embodiments provided above are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, nor are the described steps intended to limit the order of execution. Any obvious modifications made to the invention by those skilled in the art based on existing common knowledge also fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a porous CuO nanoplatelet with a micrometer-scale lateral size doped with chloride ions, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a copper acetate aqueous solution, and then adding potassium chloride to prepare a copper acetate aqueous solution containing potassium chloride; (2) under stirring, dropping a n-butylamine aqueous solution into the copper acetate aqueous solution containing potassium chloride prepared in step (1) to form a blue suspension; (3) aging the blue suspension obtained in step (2) in a magnetic stirring condition in a 60-90 ℃ water bath for 3-5 h; (4) after washing the brown product obtained in step (3) with ultrapure water and ethanol, drying the product at 50-90 ℃ for 5-7 h; (5) heating the dried brown product obtained in step (4) to 200-500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-3 h to obtain a micrometer-sized porous CuO nanosheet doped with chloride ions.

2. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, In step (1), the concentration of the copper acetate aqueous solution is 0.5-1.0 mol / L, and the concentration of potassium chloride in the copper acetate aqueous solution containing potassium chloride is 3-7 wt%.

3. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, In step (2), the dropping speed is 1.0 mL / min.

4. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, In step (2), the concentration of the n-butylamine aqueous solution is 1.0-2.0 mol / L.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the molar ratio of copper acetate in the copper acetate aqueous solution containing potassium chloride to n-butylamine in the n-butylamine aqueous solution is 1:1-4.

6. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, In step (5), the heating rate is 10 ℃ / min.

7. A micrometer-sized porous CuO nanosheet doped with chloride ions prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-6.

8. The micrometer-sized porous CuO nanosheet doped with chloride ions according to claim 7, wherein the length of the porous CuO nanosheet is 1-1.5 μm, the width is 200-500 nm, and the porous CuO nanosheet is uniformly distributed with pores with a size of 2-5 nm. The micrometer-sized porous CuO nanosheet doped with chloride ions is used for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to ethylene.

9. Use of the chloride-ion-doped micrometer-scale lateral size porous CuO nanoplatelets of claim 7, characterized in that, ​ 10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The chloride ion doped micrometer-sized lateral dimension porous CuO nanoplatelets of claim 7 were dispersed in an ethanol solution containing 5% perfluorosulfonic acid resin at a concentration of 4~8 g / L, and then sprayed onto a 1.5×1.5 cm 2 hydrophobic conductive carbon paper at a loading of 0.4~0.8 mg / cm 2 , and dried under an infrared lamp to obtain a chloride ion doped micrometer-sized lateral dimension porous CuO nanoplatelet electrode. The electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to ethylene was carried out in a flow-type three-electrode electrolytic cell using a 1.0 mol / L KOH solution as the electrolyte solution.

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