Belt filter

Abstract

The application provides a belt filter, and belongs to the technical field of solid-liquid separation equipment, which comprises a body, a plurality of parallel arranged cross bars are arranged at the feeding end of the body, a plurality of linearly arranged shifting teeth are arranged at the bottom of each cross bar, and the shifting teeth on the adjacent two cross bars are staggered; a fixing frame is arranged on the body, a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the fixing frame, a sleeve is rotatably arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft, and the sleeve is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft; a cylinder is coaxially arranged on the sleeve, a plurality of mounting holes are uniformly distributed on the circumferential wall surface of the cylinder, a mounting block is hingedly arranged in each mounting hole, and a movable rod is arranged in the mounting block; a plurality of linearly arranged sleeve blocks are coaxially arranged in the cylinder, and a shifting piece is arranged at the end of the movable rod away from the sleeve block. The application can break the gully structure of sludge, make the sludge distribution tend to be uniform, and create favorable conditions for free water removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of solid-liquid separation equipment technology, specifically to a belt filter press. Background Technology

[0002] As a highly efficient and continuously operating solid-liquid separation device, the belt filter press works by using a multi-stage process to dewater materials. Specifically, the material to be processed is first mixed with a flocculant to form flocs. After free water is removed in the gravity dewatering zone, it enters a wedge-shaped zone for initial compression and shaping. Then, it passes through an S-shaped pressing path formed by rollers with gradually changing diameters, further removing capillary water using increasing pressure and shear force. Finally, a filter cake with a moisture content of 66%-85% is formed and peeled off by a scraper.

[0003] In existing technologies, the core principle of the flocculation pretreatment stage of belt filter presses is to add flocculants such as polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and polyacrylamide (PAM) to the material to be treated. The flocculants disrupt the surface hydration film and charge stability of fine suspended particles and colloidal particles in the material, causing them to aggregate and form relatively loose flocs. This reduces material viscosity, accelerates free water separation, and lays a solid foundation for subsequent gravity dewatering and pressing dewatering processes. Currently, the industry often sets multiple sets of staggered toothed plates along the material movement path to promote further mixing and uniform distribution of the flocculant and material. However, the mixing intensity of these toothed plates is relatively weak and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to real-time operating conditions such as material concentration. This leads to uneven mixing of material and reagents in certain areas, resulting in significant differences in floc particle size and a tendency for "sludge runoff" in some areas.

[0004] Referring to Chinese patent document CN218025818U, entitled "A Uniform Feeding Device for a Belt Filter Press for Sludge Dewatering," the discharge port of the feeding frame is connected to the processing box. A motor is fixed to the side of the processing box opposite to the filter press. A stirring blade is mounted on the rotating shaft. A filter plate is fixed inside the processing box. Both ends of the rotating shaft extend into the processing box; one end is connected to the motor output, and the other end is connected to a cam. A pressing mechanism is provided at the bottom of the cam. This document uses the rotating shaft to drive the stirring blade to further increase the mixing speed and uniformity of the flocculant and sludge, and uses a toothed plate to block the sludge on the conveyor belt, preventing a large amount of sludge from directly entering the device.

[0005] While the aforementioned technical solution can achieve partial sludge interception and feed rate control by setting toothed plates along the material movement path, thus providing support for the stable operation of dewatering, this structure has significant technical defects. When the material flows through the toothed plates, the obstruction effect causes grooves to form on the conveyor belt, resulting in uneven material distribution—some areas have thicker accumulations while others have thinner accumulations. This uneven distribution not only hinders the smooth release of free water from the material, indirectly increasing the processing difficulty of subsequent dewatering processes, but also causes an imbalance in the squeezing force when the grooved material directly enters the dewatering mechanism, thereby increasing the adjustment load on the correction components and ultimately affecting the overall stability of the equipment operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a belt filter press, which is mainly used to solve the problem that the toothed plate of the belt filter press in the flocculation pretreatment process easily leads to uneven distribution of materials in a groove-like pattern, which hinders the release of free water, increases the difficulty of subsequent treatment, and affects the stable operation of the equipment.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a belt filter press, including a main body. The feed end of the main body is provided with multiple parallel crossbars, and the bottom of each crossbar is provided with multiple linearly arranged teeth, with the teeth on adjacent crossbars being staggered. A fixed frame is provided on the main body, and a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame. A sleeve is rotatably fitted onto the outside of the rotating shaft, and the sleeve is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft. A cylinder is coaxially mounted on the sleeve, and multiple mounting holes are evenly distributed on the circumferential wall of the cylinder. The interior of each mounting hole... The cylinder is hinged with a mounting block, and a movable rod is inserted inside the mounting block. Multiple sleeve blocks are coaxially arranged in a linear pattern inside the cylinder. A lever is provided at the end of the movable rod away from the sleeve block. Each sleeve block has a guide groove on its circumferential wall that slides with the movable rod. The guide grooves on adjacent sleeve blocks are symmetrically arranged to drive the ends of adjacent movable rods away from the lever to move closer together or open. A drive assembly is provided on the fixed frame. This drive assembly drives the rotating shaft and sleeve to rotate around their own axis at different speeds.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the sludge, after being dosed with the reagent, enters the equipment from the feed end and is dispersed by the teeth at the bottom of the crossbar, ensuring its even distribution on the conveyor belt surface. Subsequently, the drive assembly drives the rotating shaft and sleeve to rotate around their respective axes at different speeds. The teeth deeply agitate the sludge and flocculant, achieving uniform mixing. During the rotation of the teeth on the outside of the cylinder, adjacent teeth can move closer together and open apart, thus laterally agitating the grooved sludge, breaking up the existing groove structure, and promoting a more uniform distribution of sludge on the conveyor belt surface. This improves the separation efficiency of free water, laying a solid foundation for subsequent treatment processes. Simultaneously, the evenly distributed sludge ensures balanced force on the extrusion mechanism, reducing the workload of the correction mechanism, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the equipment operation.

[0009] Optionally, a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the movable rod. One end of the spring away from the sleeve block abuts against the mounting block, and the other end abuts against the extension of the movable rod on the outer side. The movable rod is axially inserted into the mounting block.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the spring applies a reverse elastic force to the movable rod, so that the end of the movable rod near the sleeve block can always be inserted into the guide groove, preventing the movable rod from detaching from the guide groove when tilted, thereby improving the connection stability and reliability between the movable rod and the sleeve block.

[0011] Optionally, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed frame away from the crossbar, and a pressure shell is provided on the mounting frame. Multiple linearly arranged paddle blocks are provided on the side of the pressure shell near the cylinder.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the paddle can collide with the paddle block on the pressure shell during rotation, thereby causing the paddle to vibrate elastically, which will cause the sludge attached to its outer side to fall off automatically, eliminating the need for manual cleaning and effectively improving the ease of use and maintenance efficiency of the equipment.

[0013] Optionally, a movable frame is provided between the mounting frame and the pressure shell, and the pressure shell is fixedly installed at the bottom of the movable frame; a displacement component is provided on the mounting frame, which is used to drive the pressure shell to move along an arc-shaped trajectory; the side of the mounting frame near the cylinder is an arc-shaped surface.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, before the sludge enters the dewatering mechanism, the arc-shaped pressing shell can apply downward squeezing force to the sludge, accelerate the separation and discharge of free water in the sludge, effectively improve the removal efficiency of free water, and reduce the processing difficulty of the subsequent squeezing mechanism.

[0015] Optionally, the pressure shell has multiple through holes on the side near the cylinder, and drainage holes are provided at the bottom of both ends of the pressure shell, and the drainage holes are connected to the internal cavity of the pressure shell.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sludge is squeezed by the pressure shell, the free water in the sludge can seep into the interior of the pressure shell through the through holes and then be discharged to the outside of the equipment through the water leakage holes, thereby improving the smoothness of free water discharge and further optimizing the sludge pretreatment effect.

[0017] Optionally, the lever is hinged to one side of the pressure shell via a hinge shaft and a torsion spring. A stop is provided on the side of the pressure shell near the fixing frame. The stop is located above the lever and is used to limit the flipping angle of the lever.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the pressure shell moves towards the cylinder, the pusher block can flip in the opposite direction to prevent the sludge on the conveyor belt surface from moving backward; when the pressure shell moves away from the cylinder, the pusher block can push the sludge forward, thereby promoting the forward conveying of the sludge and effectively preventing the sludge from accumulating under the pressure shell.

[0019] Optionally, the side of the stop block closest to the cylinder is provided with a V-shaped guide structure.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the baffle can extend between adjacent paddles and collide and squeeze with the paddles, accelerating the shedding of sludge from the paddle surface and ensuring the stability and reliability of the sludge removal effect.

[0021] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a motor, a first gear, a double gear, a second gear, and a fixed shaft; the output end of the motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft via a coupling, and the first gear is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft; the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed frame, the double gear is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft, and one side of its gear meshes with the first gear; the end of the sleeve near the motor is fixedly connected to the second gear, and the second gear meshes with the other side of the double gear.

[0022] Optionally, the displacement assembly includes a linear actuator, a plug shaft, and guide holes; the cylinder of the linear actuator is hinged to the mounting frame via a hinge seat, and its piston rod is hinged to the movable frame via a hinge seat; four plug shafts are provided, and the four plug shafts are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the movable frame in pairs; the number of guide holes corresponds one-to-one with the number of plug shafts, and they are opened on both sides of the mounting frame, each guide hole is an arc-shaped hole, and its curvature is consistent with the movement trajectory of the pressure shell, and the plug shaft slides into the corresponding guide hole.

[0023] Optionally, guide plates are provided on both sides of the main body near the crossbar. The ends of the two guide plates away from the fixed frame are both designed with an arc shape and are symmetrically opened in a figure-eight shape to guide the sludge.

[0024] After the sludge mixed with flocculant enters the equipment from the feed end, the guide plate can effectively guide the sludge, ensuring that the sludge is transported smoothly forward along the filter belt and preventing the sludge from escaping from both sides of the filter belt. At the same time, the guide plate adopts an eight-shaped opening structure, which can expand the sludge feed guidance coverage range and adapt to different sludge feed conditions, with good performance.

[0025] In summary, compared with the prior art, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. Through the coordinated operation of the drive components, cylinder, paddle, movable rod, and sleeve block, the paddle can further agitate the sludge and flocculant during the forward conveying of sludge along the conveyor belt, achieving uniform mixing of the two; at the same time, it can break down the groove structure of the sludge, making the sludge distribution more uniform, creating favorable conditions for the removal of free water, and laying a solid foundation for subsequent treatment processes; in addition, it can also ensure that the extrusion mechanism is subjected to balanced force, reduce the workload of the correction mechanism, and improve the stability and reliability of equipment operation.

[0027] 2. Through the coordinated operation of the displacement components, pressure shell, through holes and drainage holes, the sludge on the surface of the conveyor belt can be squeezed, causing the free water in the sludge to seep into the equipment through the through holes and then be discharged from the equipment through the drainage holes, thereby accelerating the removal rate of free water and optimizing the sludge pretreatment effect.

[0028] 3. Through the coordinated operation of the baffle, displacement component and pressure shell, the baffle can collide circumferentially with the outer plate of the cylinder, drive the plate to vibrate, and cause the sludge attached to its surface to fall off automatically, extending the cycle of manual cleaning and effectively improving the ease of use of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a belt filter press according to this application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding mechanism and the pressure shell in this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the pressure shell, the pusher block, and the cylinder in this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive assembly, shaft, sleeve, and cylinder in this application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the cylinder, sleeve, and sleeve block in this application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a top view of the push block, push plate, and movable rod in this application;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve block and guide groove in this application;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the movable rod and mounting hole in this application.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Body; 2. Crossbar; 21. Pulley; 3. Fixing frame; 31. Rotating shaft; 311. Sleeve; 32. Cylinder; 321. Mounting hole; 33. Sleeve block; 331. Guide groove; 34. Movable rod; 341. Pulley; 342. Spring; 343. Mounting block; 35. Motor; 351. First gear; 352. Double gear; 353. Second gear; 354. Fixing shaft; 4. Mounting frame; 41. Pressure shell; 411. Through hole; 412. Drain hole; 42. Pulley block; 43. Stop block; 44. Linear actuator; 45. Movable frame; 451. Insert shaft; 46. Guide hole; 5. Guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the following will be combined with the embodiments of this application. Figures 1-8 The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are clearly and completely described herein. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a belt filter press, including a body 1, a crossbar 2, teeth 21, a fixing frame 3, and a feeding mechanism. The body 1 is the main structure of the equipment, including a frame, a filter belt drive mechanism, a dewatering mechanism, a cleaning and maintenance mechanism, a cake collection mechanism, and a control system. The frame is used to install and support the various functional components, providing a stable support foundation. The filter belt drive mechanism provides power for the operation of the filter belt, maintaining constant tension and smooth transmission through a tensioning device and a correction device, ensuring continuous dewatering. The dewatering mechanism separates free water and interstitial water in the sludge, promoting sludge compaction. The cleaning and maintenance mechanism removes residual sludge from the filter belt surface, regenerating the filter belt and ensuring its filtration efficiency. The cake collection mechanism collects and discharges the filtrate produced during dewatering, while simultaneously scraping off the formed cake from the filter belt surface. The control system monitors key parameters such as feed flow rate, pressing pressure, and filter belt speed in real time, achieving automated adjustment through PLC and sensor linkage, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the equipment.

[0040] There are three crossbars 2, arranged parallel to each other at the feed end of the main body 1. Each crossbar 2 has multiple evenly distributed teeth 21 on its bottom surface, with the teeth 21 on adjacent crossbars arranged in a staggered pattern to ensure material dispersion and uniform distribution of sludge entering the feed end. A fixed frame 3 is located on the side of the frame near the feed end, primarily providing an installation reference and support for the feeding mechanism. The feeding mechanism is detachably mounted on the fixed frame 3, and its core function is to deeply mix the sludge and flocculant, and break up the grooves formed during sludge transport.

[0041] It should be noted that the frame, filter belt drive mechanism, dewatering mechanism, cleaning and maintenance mechanism, sludge cake collection mechanism and control system all adopt conventional existing technologies in this field, and their specific structures and working principles will not be described in detail here; the number of crossbars 2 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual usage requirements.

[0042] Among them, reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The feeding mechanism includes a rotating shaft 31, a sleeve 311, a cylinder 32, mounting holes 321, sleeve blocks 33, a guide groove 331, a movable rod 34, a paddle 341, mounting blocks 343, and a drive assembly. The rotating shaft 31 is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame 3, the sleeve 311 is movably sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 31, and the cylinder 32 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the sleeve 311. Multiple mounting holes 321, paddles 341, and mounting blocks 343 are provided. Multiple mounting holes 321 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the outer wall of the cylinder 32. Mounting blocks 343 are hinged one-to-one inside the mounting holes 321. Paddles 341 are fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod 34 away from the cylinder 32. The number of sleeve blocks 33 corresponds to the number of mounting holes 321 (for example, if 10 mounting holes 321 are arranged along the axis of the cylinder 32). If there are 10 sleeve blocks 33, then 10 sleeve blocks 33 are set simultaneously. The guide groove 331 is opened on the sleeve block 33. Its structure is an arc groove, and the guide groove 331 on the adjacent sleeve blocks 33 is symmetrically arranged. The end of the movable rod 34 away from the paddle 341 slides with the guide groove 331. When two adjacent movable rods 34 slide along the corresponding guide groove 331, the paddle 341 at its end can move closer or open. The drive assembly is set on the fixed frame 3 and is used to drive the rotating shaft 31 and the sleeve 311 to rotate around their own axis at different speeds, laying the foundation for the closing and opening of the paddle 341.

[0043] Specifically, the drive assembly includes a motor 35, a first gear 351, a double gear 352, a second gear 353, and a fixed shaft 354. The motor 35 is fixedly mounted on one side of the fixed frame 3, and its output end is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 31 via a coupling. The first gear 351 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 31. The fixed shaft 354 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed frame 3. The double gear 352 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft 354, and one side of its gear meshes with the first gear 351. The end of the sleeve 311 near the motor 35 is fixedly connected to the second gear 353, and the second gear 353 meshes with the other side of the double gear 352.

[0044] After the sludge is initially dispersed by the teeth 21 on the crossbar 2, it easily forms a groove-like structure, resulting in uneven sludge thickness distribution. In areas with thicker sludge, the free water inside is difficult to drain, thus affecting the pretreatment effect. At the same time, this groove structure causes uneven force on the extrusion mechanism, which can easily cause filter belt deviation and increase the workload of the correction device. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the sludge passes under the fixed frame 3 under the drive of the filter belt, the drive assembly drives the rotating shaft 31 and the sleeve 311 to rotate around their respective axes at different speeds: the sleeve 311 drives the movable rod 34 to rotate synchronously through the cylinder 32, thereby causing the paddle 341 to tumble the sludge, achieving deep mixing of sludge and flocculant and improving the uniformity of their contact; at the same time, the rotating shaft 31 drives the sleeve block 33 to rotate synchronously, and under the guidance of the guide groove 331, the two adjacent paddles 341 periodically repeat the opening and closing action, forming a lateral paddle on the sludge, breaking its groove structure, and making the sludge distribution on the filter belt surface more uniform. This design not only creates favorable conditions for the removal of free water and optimizes the pretreatment effect, but also ensures that the extrusion mechanism is subjected to balanced force, reduces the workload of the correction device, and ensures stable operation of the equipment.

[0045] Among them, reference Figure 4 and Figure 8 A spring 342 is sleeved on the outside of the movable rod 34. One end of the spring 342 away from the sleeve block 33 abuts against the mounting block 343, and the other end abuts against the extension of the movable rod 34 on the outside. The movable rod 34 is movably inserted into the mounting block 343 along its axial direction.

[0046] When the movable rod 34 tilts under the guidance of the guide groove 331, there is a risk that the end near the sleeve block 33 may disengage from the guide groove 331. Therefore, in this embodiment, a spring 342 provides an elastic restoring force to the movable rod 34. When the movable rod 34 is tilted, the spring 342 can push the movable rod 34 and the mounting block 343 to move axially relative to each other, ensuring that the movable rod 34 always maintains a stable sliding fit with the guide groove 331, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the equipment operation.

[0047] Among them, reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 A mounting frame 4 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed frame 3 away from the crossbar 2. A pressure shell 41 is provided on the mounting frame 4. Multiple linearly arranged paddle blocks 42 are provided on the side of the pressure shell 41 near the cylinder 32. Two adjacent paddle pieces 341 correspond to one paddle block 42 to complete the linkage action. In this embodiment, the paddle pieces 341 are made of rubber.

[0048] During the sludge agitation process, some strongly adhering sludge tends to stick to the outer surface of the paddle 341, making it difficult to detach on its own and requiring regular manual cleaning, thus increasing the workload of equipment maintenance. As the cylinder 32 rotates the paddle 341, it periodically impacts the paddle block 42, causing the rubber-material paddle 341 to vibrate elastically. This facilitates the rapid detachment of the sludge adhering to its surface, eliminating the need for frequent manual cleaning, effectively extending the equipment maintenance cycle and improving ease of maintenance.

[0049] Additionally, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 A movable frame 45 is provided between the mounting frame 4 and the pressure shell 41, and the pressure shell 41 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the movable frame 45. A displacement component is provided on the mounting frame 4, which is used to drive the pressure shell 41 to move along an arc-shaped trajectory, so as to adjust the horizontal position and height of the pressure shell 41. The side of the mounting frame 4 near the cylinder 32 is an arc-shaped surface. Multiple through holes 411 are opened on the side of the pressure shell 41 near the cylinder 32, and drainage holes 412 are opened at the bottom of both ends of the pressure shell 41, and the drainage holes 412 communicate with the internal cavity of the pressure shell 41.

[0050] Specifically, the displacement assembly includes a linear actuator 44, a shaft 451, and a guide hole 46. The cylinder of the linear actuator 44 is hinged to the mounting frame 4 via a hinge seat, and its piston rod is hinged to the movable frame 45 via a hinge seat. There are four shafts 451, which are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the movable frame 45. The number of guide holes 46 corresponds one-to-one with the number of shafts 451, and they are opened on both sides of the mounting frame 4. Each guide hole 46 is an arc-shaped hole, and its curvature is consistent with the movement trajectory of the pressure shell 41. The shaft 451 slides and adapts to the corresponding guide hole 46.

[0051] Traditional pretreatment processes rely solely on the gravity of free water to drain through the filter belt pores. Some free water fails to drain in time and enters the subsequent dewatering mechanism with the sludge, resulting in poor pretreatment performance. In this embodiment, when the sludge is conveyed along the filter belt to below the mounting frame 4, the displacement component drives the pressure shell 41 to reciprocate along an arc-shaped trajectory, applying pressure to the sludge. Some free water, after being compressed, is directly discharged downwards through the filter belt pores, while the remaining free water enters the internal cavity of the pressure shell 41 through the through-hole 411, collects, and is discharged from the equipment through the drain hole 412. This structural design improves the removal efficiency of free water in the pretreatment stage, laying the foundation for the efficient implementation of the subsequent dewatering process.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 The lever 42 is hinged to one side of the pressure shell 41 via a hinge shaft and a torsion spring. A stop 43 is provided on the side of the pressure shell 41 near the fixing frame 3. The stop 43 is located above the lever 42 and is used to limit the rotation angle of the lever 42. It should be noted that, under normal conditions, the bottom surface of the lever 42 is lower than the bottom surface of the pressure shell 41.

[0053] When the pressure shell 41 moves closer to the cylinder 32, the push block 42 is folded to one side of the pressure shell 41 by the pressure of the sludge. At this time, the bottom surface of the push block 42 is higher than the bottom surface of the pressure shell 41, which can prevent the push block 42 from pushing the sludge on the filter belt surface in the opposite direction, causing the sludge to move backward. When the pressure shell 41 moves away from the cylinder 32, the push block 42 is kept in a fixed position by the limiting action of the stop block 43. At this time, the bottom surface of the push block 42 is still below the pressure shell 41. During the synchronous movement with the pressure shell 41, it can push the sludge to move forward, effectively preventing the sludge from accumulating below the pressure shell 41.

[0054] Reference Figure 6 The side of the stop block 43 closest to the cylinder 32 is designed with a V-shaped guide structure.

[0055] When the stop block 43 contacts the corresponding paddle 341, the V-shaped guide surface can guide the stop block 43 to accurately extend between two adjacent paddles 341, ensuring that the stop block 43 and the paddle 341 form a sufficient and effective impact, and improving the removal effect of sludge on the surface of the paddle 341.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 Guide plates 5 are provided on both sides of the main body 1 near the crossbar 2. The ends of the two guide plates 5 away from the fixed frame 3 are both designed with an arc shape and are symmetrically opened in a figure-eight shape to guide the sludge.

[0057] When the sludge mixed with flocculant enters the feed end, the guide plate 5 can effectively guide the sludge, guiding it to move smoothly forward along the filter belt and preventing the sludge from scattering from both sides of the filter belt. At the same time, the guide plate 5 has a figure-eight-shaped opening structure design, which can greatly widen the sludge feed guidance range, adapt to the sludge feed requirements of different flow rates, and improve the feeding stability and use effect of the equipment.

[0058] The implementation principle of a belt filter press according to an embodiment of this application is as follows:

[0059] When the sludge mixed with flocculant enters the feed end of the equipment, the guide plates 5 on both sides of the main body 1 play a guiding and limiting role. The end away from the fixed frame 3 adopts an arc-shaped transition structure, which can guide the sludge to move smoothly forward along the filter belt, preventing the sludge from scattering from both sides of the filter belt, and can also widen the feed guidance range by its own open shape. When the sludge guided by the guide plates 5 is transported to the bottom of the crossbar 2, the staggered teeth 21 on the bottom surface of the multiple parallel crossbars 2 initially disperse the sludge, break the sludge agglomeration, and make the sludge initially evenly distributed on the surface of the filter belt, creating the preconditions for subsequent deep mixing and dewatering.

[0060] As the initially dispersed sludge is conveyed by the filter belt to the area below the fixed frame 3, the motor 35 drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate. The rotating shaft 31 drives the double gear 352 to rotate around the fixed shaft 354 via the first gear 351. The double gear 352 then drives the second gear 353 and the sleeve 311 to rotate. Through the gear transmission ratio design, the rotating shaft 31 and the sleeve 311 can rotate at different speeds. The sleeve 311 drives the cylinder 32 to rotate synchronously. The cylinder 32 drives the movable rod 34 and the paddle 341 to rotate via the mounting block 343, which agitates the sludge and flocculant, ensuring that the two are in full contact and evenly mixed.

[0061] Simultaneously, the rotating shaft 31 drives the sleeve block 33 to rotate synchronously. The end of the movable rod 34 away from the paddle 341 slides along the arc-shaped guide groove 331 of the sleeve block 33. Constrained by the trajectory of the guide groove 331, the adjacent paddles 341 periodically repeat the opening and closing action, laterally moving the grooved sludge, breaking up the groove structure, and making the sludge evenly distributed on the surface of the filter belt. During this process, the spring 342 sleeved on the outside of the movable rod 34 provides elastic restoring force for the movable rod 34. When the movable rod 34 tilts along the trajectory of the guide groove 331, the spring 342 pushes the movable rod 34 and the mounting block 343 to move axially relative to each other, ensuring that the movable rod 34 always slides stably with the guide groove 331, preventing the movable rod 34 from disengaging from the guide groove 331, and improving the operational reliability of the material feeding mechanism.

[0062] When the homogenized sludge is conveyed by the filter belt to the area below the mounting frame 4, the linear actuator 44 drives the movable frame 45 to move, causing the insertion shafts 451 on both sides to slide along the arc-shaped guide holes 46 of the mounting frame 4. The movable frame 45 drives the pressure shell 41 to move synchronously along the arc-shaped trajectory, realizing the synchronous adjustment of the horizontal position and height of the pressure shell 41. After the pressure shell 41 applies pressure to the sludge, the free water in the sludge is discharged in two ways: part of the free water is directly squeezed and discharged downward through the filter belt pores; the other part of the free water enters the internal cavity of the pressure shell 41 through the through holes 411 on the side wall of the pressure shell 41, and after collection, it is discharged from the equipment through the drain holes 412 at both ends.

[0063] As the cylinder 32 rotates the rubber-material paddle 341, the paddle 341 periodically impacts the paddle block 42 on the pressure shell 41, causing the paddle 341 to vibrate elastically and prompting the sludge with strong adhesion to its surface to fall off quickly. At the same time, the stop block 43 on the pressure shell 41 is designed with a V-shaped guide surface on the side near the cylinder 32, which can extend between two adjacent paddles 341 and make full impact with the paddles 341, further enhancing the sludge removal effect. This eliminates the need for frequent manual cleaning and extends the equipment maintenance cycle. When the pressure shell 41 moves closer to the cylinder 32, the pusher block 42 is folded to one side of the pressure shell 41 by the pressure of the sludge, and the bottom surface is higher than the bottom surface of the pressure shell 41, so as to avoid the sludge being pushed in the opposite direction and causing it to move backward; when the pressure shell 41 moves away from the cylinder 32, the pusher block 42 is limited by the stop block 43 and maintains a fixed posture, with its bottom surface lower than the bottom surface of the pressure shell 41. As the pressure shell 41 moves, it pushes the sludge to move forward, effectively preventing the sludge from accumulating under the pressure shell 41.

[0064] The pretreated, uniform, low-moisture sludge enters the subsequent treatment stage of the main body 1 along with the filter belt, where it undergoes further dewatering under the action of the dewatering mechanism.

[0065] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles described in this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A belt filter press, comprising a body, characterized in that: The main body feed end is provided with multiple parallel crossbars, and the bottom of each crossbar is provided with multiple linearly arranged teeth, with the teeth on adjacent crossbars being staggered. The main body is provided with a fixed frame, and a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame. A sleeve is rotatably fitted on the outside of the rotating shaft, and the sleeve is arranged coaxially with the rotating shaft. A cylinder is coaxially mounted on the sleeve, and the cylinder is fixedly installed in the middle of the sleeve. Multiple mounting holes are evenly distributed on the circumferential wall of the cylinder. A mounting block is hinged inside each mounting hole, and a movable rod passes through the inside of the mounting block. The cylinder has multiple sleeve blocks arranged linearly and coaxially inside. A lever is provided at the end of the movable rod away from the sleeve block. Each sleeve block has a guide groove on its circumferential wall that slides with the movable rod. The guide groove is an arc-shaped groove, and the guide grooves on two adjacent sleeve blocks are symmetrically arranged to drive the ends of two adjacent movable rods away from the lever to move closer together or open. The fixed frame is equipped with a drive assembly, which is used to drive the rotating shaft and the sleeve to rotate around their own axis at different speeds. As the sludge passes under the fixed frame driven by the filter belt, the drive assembly drives the rotating shaft and the sleeve to rotate around their respective axes at different speeds: the sleeve drives the movable rod to rotate synchronously through the cylinder, thereby causing the paddles to tumble the sludge, achieving deep mixing of the sludge and flocculant and improving the uniformity of their contact; at the same time, the rotating shaft drives the sleeve block to rotate synchronously, and under the guidance of the guide groove, the adjacent two paddles periodically repeat the opening and closing action, forming a lateral paddle movement on the sludge, breaking its groove structure, and making the sludge distribution on the filter belt surface tend to be uniform.

2. A belt filter press according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring is fitted on the outer side of the movable rod. One end of the spring away from the sleeve block abuts against the mounting block, and the other end abuts against the extension of the movable rod on the outer side. The movable rod is inserted into the mounting block along its axial direction.

3. A belt filter press according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting frame is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed frame away from the crossbar. A pressure shell is provided on the mounting frame, and multiple linearly arranged paddle blocks are provided on the side of the pressure shell near the cylinder.

4. A belt filter press according to claim 3, characterized in that: A movable frame is provided between the mounting frame and the pressure shell, and the pressure shell is fixedly installed at the bottom of the movable frame; a displacement component is provided on the mounting frame, which is used to drive the pressure shell to move along an arc-shaped trajectory; the side of the mounting frame near the cylinder is an arc-shaped surface.

5. A belt filter press according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure shell has multiple through holes on the side near the cylinder, and drainage holes are provided at the bottom of both ends of the pressure shell, and the drainage holes are connected to the internal cavity of the pressure shell.

6. A belt filter press according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lever is hinged to one side of the pressure shell via a hinge shaft and a torsion spring. A stop is provided on the side of the pressure shell near the fixing frame. This stop is located above the lever and is used to limit the flipping angle of the lever.

7. A belt filter press according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side of the stop block closest to the cylinder is designed with a V-shaped guide structure.

8. A belt filter press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a motor, a first gear, a double gear, a second gear, and a fixed shaft; the output end of the motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft via a coupling, and the first gear is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft; the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed frame, the double gear is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft, and one side of the double gear meshes with the first gear; the end of the sleeve near the motor is fixedly connected to the second gear, and the second gear meshes with the other side of the double gear.

9. A belt filter press according to claim 4, characterized in that: The displacement assembly includes a linear actuator, insert shafts, and guide holes; the cylinder of the linear actuator is hinged to the mounting frame via a hinge seat, and its piston rod is hinged to the movable frame via a hinge seat; there are four insert shafts, which are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the movable frame in pairs; the number of guide holes corresponds one-to-one with the number of insert shafts, and they are opened on both sides of the mounting frame. Each guide hole is an arc-shaped hole, and its curvature is consistent with the movement trajectory of the pressure shell. The insert shafts slide and adapt to the corresponding guide holes.

10. A belt filter press according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide plates are provided on both sides of the main body near the crossbar. The ends of the two guide plates away from the fixed frame are both designed with an arc shape and are symmetrically opened in a figure-eight shape to guide the sludge.

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