Device and method for evaluating depletion-type development wave and region of tight oil reservoir

Abstract

The invention discloses a tight oil reservoir depletion type development wave and region evaluation device and method. The device comprises a tight oil reservoir simulation system, a horizontal well system, a pressure monitoring system and a production system, the tight oil reservoir simulation system comprises a reservoir simulation device and a fluid injection device which are connected. The reservoir simulation device can be filled with sand grains in a layered manner so as to simulate a target tight oil reservoir; the fluid injection device is used for injecting simulated formation water and simulated formation oil; the horizontal well system comprises a plurality of horizontal wells; each liquid production pipe is connected with a corresponding horizontal well outlet and is connected with a produced liquid metering device; the pressure monitoring system comprises a signal processor, a pressure sensor and a plurality of pressure probes; and the plurality of pressure probes are arranged in the reservoir simulation device. According to the device, the distribution rule of the sweep area can be identified according to the pressure change, the recovery ratio corresponding to the sweep area can be obtained, and therefore sweep area evaluation is achieved through physical simulation, and production guidance is provided for depletion type development of tight oil reservoirs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reservoir development technology, and in particular to an apparatus and method for evaluating the affected areas of depleted development in tight oil reservoirs. Background Technology

[0002] With the exploration and development of tight oil reservoirs being a current research hotspot in petroleum engineering, the successful application of horizontal wells and segmented volumetric fracturing technology has provided conditions for the commercial exploitation of tight oil reservoirs. However, due to the dense lithology, high seepage resistance, and poor pressure transmission capacity of tight oil reservoirs, the production of oil wells in tight oil reservoirs is low. Therefore, it is necessary to use reasonable methods to predict or identify potential areas in the reservoir in order to improve the recovery rate.

[0003] Impacted area assessment refers to the evaluation and analysis of reservoir areas affected by activities such as water injection or oil production during reservoir development. It is of great significance for optimizing development strategies, improving recovery rates, controlling development costs, and ensuring development safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To increase the variety of affected area assessment devices and expand the selection of affected area assessment methods, this invention provides an affected area assessment device and method for tight oil reservoir depletion development.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an evaluation device for the development impact area of ​​a tight oil reservoir in a depletion-type development, including a tight oil reservoir simulation system, a horizontal well system, a pressure monitoring system, and a production system;

[0006] The tight reservoir simulation system includes a connected reservoir simulation device and a fluid injection device;

[0007] The reservoir simulation device can be filled with sand particles in layers to simulate the target tight oil reservoir.

[0008] The fluid injection device is used to inject simulated formation water and simulated formation oil into the reservoir simulation device;

[0009] The horizontal well system includes multiple horizontal wells installed within the reservoir simulation device;

[0010] The extraction system includes multiple liquid collection pipes and a liquid production metering device;

[0011] Each of the aforementioned fluid collection pipes is connected to the corresponding horizontal well outlet and to the fluid production metering device;

[0012] The pressure monitoring system includes a signal processor, a pressure sensor, and multiple pressure probes;

[0013] The plurality of pressure probes are disposed within the reservoir simulation device;

[0014] The pressure sensor is connected to the signal processor and the plurality of pressure probes respectively.

[0015] In one or more alternative embodiments, the reservoir simulation device includes a housing and a top cover disposed above the housing;

[0016] A receiving cavity is formed between the housing and the top cover;

[0017] The plurality of pressure probes are vertically distributed within the receiving cavity, and the bottom ends of the plurality of pressure probes are fixed to the bottom of the housing;

[0018] The cavity can be filled with sand to simulate a reservoir.

[0019] In one or more optional embodiments, a partition is horizontally disposed inside the housing, a liquid supply cavity is formed between the partition and the housing, and the receiving cavity is formed between the partition, the housing and the top cover;

[0020] The bottom of the housing is provided with a fluid inlet that communicates with the liquid supply cavity;

[0021] The partition is provided with multiple connecting holes;

[0022] The fluid inlet is connected to the fluid injection device.

[0023] In one or more alternative embodiments, the partition is covered with a filter screen.

[0024] In one or more optional embodiments, the top cover is provided with a plurality of first through holes corresponding to the plurality of horizontal wells;

[0025] The fluid collection pipe passes through the corresponding first through hole and connects to the outlet of the corresponding horizontal well.

[0026] In one or more optional embodiments, the reservoir simulation device further includes a first sealing ring;

[0027] The liquid collection tube is threadedly connected to the first through hole;

[0028] The first sealing ring is fitted onto the liquid collection tube and seals the first through hole.

[0029] In one or more optional embodiments, the top cover is provided with a plurality of second through holes corresponding to the plurality of pressure probes;

[0030] The pressure sensor and the pressure probe are connected by a wire, which passes through the corresponding second through hole and connects to the corresponding pressure probe.

[0031] In one or more optional embodiments, a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring are also included;

[0032] The wire is threadedly connected to the second through hole;

[0033] The second sealing ring is fitted onto the wire and seals the second through hole.

[0034] In one or more alternative embodiments, the fluid injection device includes a first plunger pump, a second plunger pump, a first intermediate container, and a second intermediate container;

[0035] The first intermediate container is used to hold simulated formation water and is connected to the first plunger pump and the fluid inlet, respectively.

[0036] The second intermediate container, used to hold simulated formation oil, is connected to the second plunger pump and the flow in one or more optional embodiments. The reservoir simulation device also includes a three-way valve.

[0037] The fluid injection device further includes a first control valve and a second control valve.

[0038] The first control valve is connected to the first intermediate container;

[0039] The second control valve is connected to the second intermediate container;

[0040] The three-way valve is connected to the fluid inlet, the first control valve, and the second control valve, respectively.

[0041] In one or more alternative embodiments, a ball valve is provided at one end of each of the fluid collection pipes near the horizontal well.

[0042] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for evaluating the impact area of ​​depletion-type development in tight oil reservoirs, using the device for evaluating the impact area of ​​depletion-type development in tight oil reservoirs described in the first aspect, including:

[0043] Layered sand filling was performed on the reservoir simulation device to simulate the target tight oil reservoir.

[0044] Multiple horizontal wells are laid at the preset positions of the reservoir simulation device, and the outlet of each horizontal well is kept open;

[0045] Simulated formation water is injected into the reservoir simulation device using a fluid injection device until saturation is achieved.

[0046] Simulated formation oil is injected into the reservoir simulation device through the fluid injection device until no water is discharged from the outlet of each horizontal well, then the outlet of each horizontal well is closed.

[0047] Simulated formation oil is injected into the reservoir simulation device through the fluid injection device until the internal pressure of the reservoir simulation device reaches a preset pressure threshold.

[0048] Open the outlet of each horizontal well to carry out depletion development, and use the pressure probe to detect the pressure signal in the reservoir simulation device in real time, and transmit the detected pressure signal to the pressure sensor in real time. At the same time, use the production metering device to measure the production volume of each production pipe.

[0049] The pressure sensor converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal, and the converted electrical signal is transmitted to the signal processor in real time.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0051] The device for evaluating the affected area of ​​a tight oil reservoir during depletion development, provided in this invention, obtains a physical model of the target tight oil reservoir by filling sand into a reservoir simulation device and injecting simulated formation water and simulated formation oil into the filled sand particles through a fluid injection device. This model reflects the actual state of the tight oil reservoir. Depletion development and production measurement of each horizontal well are performed through a production device, and the pressure changes at various points within the physical model of the target tight oil reservoir are monitored in real time through a pressure monitoring system. Based on these pressure changes, the distribution pattern of the affected area during depletion development can be identified, and the recovery rate corresponding to each affected area can be obtained. This device achieves affected area evaluation through physical simulation, providing production guidance for horizontal well production during the depletion development of tight oil reservoirs. It flexibly addresses challenges such as tight lithology, high seepage resistance, and poor pressure transmission capacity in tight oil reservoirs, thereby improving well production during the depletion development of tight oil reservoirs.

[0052] The device for evaluating the affected area in the depletion development of tight oil reservoirs provided in this embodiment of the invention can conduct multiple evaluations of the affected area by setting different horizontal well layouts, thereby obtaining the distribution law of the affected area and the recovery rate of each affected area, realizing the selection of the optimal horizontal well layout, providing production guidance for horizontal well production in the depletion development of tight oil reservoirs, and improving the production of oil wells in the depletion development of tight oil reservoirs.

[0053] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0055] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tight reservoir depletion-type development impact area assessment device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layered structure of the sand filling in the reservoir simulation device provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure monitoring system and extraction system provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the reservoir simulation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for evaluating the affected area of ​​a tight oil reservoir under depletion development, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 6 This is a pressure profile of a simulated reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure label:

[0063] 1. Tight reservoir simulation system; 11. Reservoir simulation device; 111. Shell; 112. Top cover; 113. Receiving cavity; 114. Partition; 115. Liquid supply cavity; 116. Filter screen; 117. Fluid inlet; 118. Three-way valve; 12. Fluid injection device; 121. First plunger pump; 122. Second plunger pump; 123. First intermediate container; 124. Second intermediate container; 125. First control valve; 126. Second control valve; 127. First pressure gauge; 128. Second pressure gauge;

[0064] 2. Horizontal well system; 21. Horizontal well;

[0065] 3. Pressure monitoring system; 31. Signal processor; 32. Pressure sensor; 33. Pressure probe; 34. Wires;

[0066] 4. Production system; 41. Liquid collection pipe; 42. Product liquid metering device; 421. Product liquid metering instrument. Detailed Implementation

[0067] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0068] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "far," "near," "front," and "rear," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0069] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0070] The inventors discovered that most current research on the depletion-type development of tight reservoirs is based on field and numerical simulation methods, without involving physical model experiments to simulate the depletion-type development of tight oil reservoirs. This makes it difficult to obtain the regional patterns affected by the depletion-type development of tight oil reservoirs, thus hindering the optimization of depletion-type development schemes. For example:

[0071] Chinese patent ZL201020533394.4 discloses a method for simulating the flow field of multi-stage fracturing in horizontal wells of tight oil reservoirs. This method establishes a seepage mathematical model considering the critical pressure gradient, derives the pressure distribution formula after fracturing, and calculates the pressure field distribution of multi-stage fracturing in horizontal wells of tight oil reservoirs based on the principle of complex potential superposition. It also establishes a criterion for determining the effective production range of multi-stage fracturing in horizontal wells of tight oil reservoirs and simulates the flow field range of multi-stage fracturing in tight oil reservoirs. However, it cannot monitor the pressure of the reservoir and cannot evaluate the affected area during development.

[0072] Chinese patent ZL201820042806.0 discloses a physical simulation device for the depletion development of horizontal wells in gas cap reservoirs, which simulates the process of depletion development of gas cap reservoirs in horizontal wells. However, it lacks a pressure monitoring device and cannot evaluate the affected area during the development process.

[0073] Based on this, embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus and method for evaluating the affected area of ​​depleted development in tight oil reservoirs, which will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] This invention provides a device for evaluating the affected area of ​​a depleted development in a tight oil reservoir, referring to... Figures 1-3 As shown, it includes a tight reservoir simulation system 1, a horizontal well system 2, a pressure monitoring system 3, and a production system 4;

[0076] The tight reservoir simulation system 1 includes a reservoir simulation device 11 and a fluid injection device 12 connected together;

[0077] The reservoir simulation device 11 can be filled with sand particles in layers to simulate the target tight oil reservoir.

[0078] Fluid injection device 12 is used to inject simulated formation water and simulated formation oil into reservoir simulation device 11;

[0079] The horizontal well system 2 includes multiple horizontal wells 21 installed within the reservoir simulation device 11;

[0080] The extraction system 4 includes multiple liquid collection pipes 41 and a liquid production metering device 42;

[0081] Each production pipe 41 is connected to the outlet of the corresponding horizontal well 21 and to the production metering device 42;

[0082] The pressure monitoring system 3 includes a signal processor 31, a pressure sensor 32, and multiple pressure probes 33;

[0083] Multiple pressure probes 33 are installed inside the reservoir simulation device 11;

[0084] Pressure sensor 32 is connected to signal processor 31 and multiple pressure probes 33 respectively.

[0085] In this embodiment of the invention, the tight oil reservoir simulation system 1 is used to simulate a target tight oil reservoir. Specifically, refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the reservoir simulation device 11 can be filled with sand particles in layers according to the reservoir characteristic parameters of the target tight oil reservoir to simulate the target tight oil reservoir. The fluid injection device 12 can inject simulated formation water and simulated formation oil into the sand-filled reservoir simulation device 11 to simulate the water-bearing characteristics, oil-bearing characteristics and reservoir pressure of the target tight oil reservoir, thereby obtaining the physical model of the target tight oil reservoir.

[0086] In this embodiment of the invention, a simulated reservoir is obtained by simulating a target tight oil reservoir through layered sand filling, with reference to... Figure 3 As shown, multiple pressure probes 33 are densely and uniformly distributed within the reservoir simulation device 11, enabling monitoring of pressure signals at various points within the simulated reservoir. After receiving the pressure sensing signal, the pressure sensor 32 converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal and sends it to the signal processor 31, thus achieving pressure monitoring at various points within the simulated reservoir. The reservoir simulation device 11 seals its internal simulated reservoir. Multiple horizontal wells 21 are positioned at the upper part of the simulated reservoir, with the outlets of the horizontal wells 21 located on the upper surface of the simulated reservoir. Each production pipe 41 passes through the reservoir simulation device 11 and connects to the outlet of the corresponding horizontal well 21. When the pressure within the simulated reservoir is high, simulated formation water and / or simulated formation oil can enter the horizontal wells 21 and be extracted via the production pipes 41.

[0087] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, the liquid production metering device 42 includes liquid production metering units 421 in number corresponding to the number of liquid collection pipes 41. Each liquid production metering unit 421 is connected to the corresponding liquid collection pipe 41 and is used to measure the volumetric flow rate of the liquid collected by the liquid collection pipe 41.

[0088] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, each pressure probe 33 is vertically arranged, and each pressure probe 33 includes multiple pressure detection points along the longitudinal direction. Each pressure detection point can detect the pressure signal at its location. The pressure sensor 32 can receive the pressure signals from each pressure detection point of each pressure probe 33, convert the pressure signals from each detection point of each pressure probe 33 into electrical signals, and send them to the signal processor 31. After signal processing, the signal processor 31 can display the pressure magnitude at different detection locations within the reservoir.

[0089] The tight reservoir depletion development-related area evaluation device provided in this embodiment of the invention obtains a physical model of the target tight reservoir by filling sand in the reservoir simulation device 11 and injecting simulated formation water and simulated formation oil into the filled sand particles through the fluid injection device 12. This model reflects the actual state of the tight reservoir. Depletion development and production measurement of each horizontal well 21 are carried out through the production device. The pressure changes at various points inside the physical model of the target tight reservoir are monitored in real time through the pressure monitoring system 3. Based on the pressure changes, the distribution law of the affected area of ​​the depletion development can be identified, and the recovery rate corresponding to each affected area can be obtained. This realizes the evaluation of the affected area through physical simulation, provides production guidance for the production of horizontal wells 21 in the depletion development of tight reservoirs, and flexibly addresses the problems of tight reservoir lithology, high seepage resistance, and poor pressure transmission capacity, thereby improving the production of oil wells in the depletion development of tight reservoirs.

[0090] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the reservoir simulation device 11 includes a shell 111 and an upper cover 112 disposed above the shell 111, forming a receiving cavity 113 between the shell 111 and the upper cover 112. Multiple pressure probes 33 are densely and evenly distributed within the receiving cavity 113, with each pressure probe 33 vertically positioned and its bottom end fixed to the bottom of the shell 111. After the receiving cavity 113, where the pressure probes 33 are distributed, is filled with sand in layers, physical simulation of the target tight oil reservoir and real-time pressure monitoring within the reservoir can be achieved. The shell 111 and the upper cover 112 can be made of stainless steel, and their thickness can be reasonably set according to the size of the receiving cavity 113, for example, it can be set to 8 cm.

[0091] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a partition 114 is horizontally arranged inside the shell 111, and the partition 114 is close to the bottom surface of the shell 111. A liquid supply cavity 115 is formed between the partition 114 and the shell 111, and a receiving cavity 113 is formed between the partition 114, the shell 111, and the top cover 112. A fluid inlet 117 communicating with the liquid supply cavity 115 is provided at the bottom of the shell 111. The partition 114 is provided with multiple communicating holes (not shown in the figure). The liquid supply cavity 115 is used to collect the fluid from the fluid inlet 117. The collected fluid can be evenly injected into the simulated reservoir through the multiple communicating holes, thereby avoiding uneven distribution of the injected fluid into the simulated reservoir. The fluid inlet 117 is connected to the fluid injection device 12. When simulated formation water or simulated formation oil is injected into the fluid inlet 117 of the reservoir simulation device 11 through the fluid injection device 12, the simulated formation water or simulated formation oil enters the liquid supply cavity 115 from the fluid inlet 117 and fills the liquid supply cavity 115. After the liquid supply cavity 115 is filled, the liquid in the liquid supply cavity 115 contacts the partition 114 and is evenly injected into the simulated reservoir through multiple connecting holes of the partition 114.

[0092] In one specific embodiment, the liquid supply cavity 115 can be longitudinally divided into multiple independent water supply grids, and the fluid inlet 117 can be connected to each water supply grid through pipelines, thereby reducing the pressure required for injection while ensuring uniform fluid injection.

[0093] In this embodiment of the invention, the receiving cavity 113 is filled with sand, and the partition 114 at the bottom of the receiving cavity 113 is provided with a connecting hole for injecting liquid. To prevent sand particles from falling into the liquid supply cavity 115 through the connecting hole, refer to... Figure 4 As shown, a filter screen 116 is provided on the partition 114, and the mesh size of the filter screen 116 is greater than the maximum mesh size of the sand particles filled in.

[0094] In an optional embodiment, the upper cover 112 is provided with multiple first through holes (not shown in the figure) corresponding to multiple horizontal wells 21. Each fluid production pipe 41 passes through the corresponding first through hole and connects to the outlet of the corresponding horizontal well 21. Further, the first through hole is provided with an internal thread, and the connection end of the fluid production pipe 41 to the horizontal well 21 is provided with an external thread. The fluid production pipe 41 is threadedly connected to the first through hole, realizing a tight connection between the fluid production pipe 41, the horizontal well 21, and the first through hole. To ensure the sealing performance of the reservoir simulation device 11, a first sealing ring (not shown in the figure) is fitted at the external thread of the fluid production pipe 41. When the fluid production pipe 41 is threadedly connected to the first through hole, the first sealing ring seals the first through hole.

[0095] In an optional embodiment, a ball valve (not shown in the figure) is provided at one end of each sampling pipe 41 that connects to the horizontal well 21. The ball valve can cut off or open the passage between the sampling pipe 41 and the outlet of the horizontal well 21, thereby controlling the opening or closing of the outlet of the horizontal well 21.

[0096] In an optional embodiment, the upper cover 112 is provided with a plurality of second through holes (not shown in the figure) corresponding to a plurality of pressure probes 33. The pressure sensor 32 and the pressure probes 33 are connected by wires 34, and the wires 34 pass through the corresponding second through holes to connect to the corresponding pressure probes 33. Further, the second through holes are provided with internal threads, and the wires 34 are provided with corresponding external threads. The wires 34 are threadedly connected to the second through holes to achieve a tight connection between the wires 34 and the first through holes, and a stable electrical connection between the wires 34 and the pressure probes 33. In order to ensure the sealing of the reservoir simulation device 11, a second sealing ring (not shown in the figure) is fitted at the external thread of the wires 34. When the wires 34 are threadedly connected to the second through holes, the second sealing ring seals the second through holes.

[0097] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the fluid injection device 12 includes a first plunger pump 121, a second plunger pump 122, a first intermediate container 123, and a second intermediate container 124. The first intermediate container 123 holds simulated formation water and is connected to both the first plunger pump 121 and the fluid inlet 117 of the reservoir simulation device 11. The first plunger pump 121 pumps the simulated formation water from the first intermediate container 123 into the reservoir simulation device 11. The second intermediate container 124 holds simulated formation oil and is connected to both the second plunger pump 122 and the fluid inlet 117 of the reservoir simulation device 11. The second plunger pump 122 pumps the simulated formation oil from the second intermediate container 124 into the reservoir simulation device 11. By separately holding and injecting simulated formation water and simulated formation oil, the injection volume, injection sequence, and injection time of simulated formation water and simulated formation oil can be rationally arranged and adjusted according to the water-bearing, oil-bearing, and pressure conditions of the target tight oil reservoir.

[0098] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the reservoir simulation device 11 also includes a three-way valve 118, and the fluid injection device 12 includes a first control valve 125 and a second control valve 126. The first control valve 125 is connected to the first intermediate container 123, and the second control valve 126 is connected to the second intermediate container 124. The three-way valve 118 is connected to the fluid inlet 117, the first control valve 125, and the second control valve 126, respectively. The first control valve 125 is used to control the flow of fluid between the first intermediate container 123 and the three-way valve 118, and the second control valve 126 is used to control the flow of fluid between the second intermediate container 124 and the three-way valve 118.

[0099] In an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1As shown, the fluid injection device 12 also includes a first pressure gauge 127 and a second pressure gauge 128. The first pressure gauge 127 is connected to the first control valve 125 to monitor the pressure at the first control valve 125, and the second pressure gauge 128 is connected to the second control valve 126 to monitor the pressure at the second control valve 126 to ensure safe injection.

[0100] In this embodiment of the invention, sand can be filled into the containment cavity 113 according to the physical property parameters and reservoir characteristic parameters of the target tight oil reservoir, and a horizontal well system 2 can be laid after the sand filling is completed, so that the porosity and permeability of the simulated reservoir are consistent with those of the target tight oil reservoir.

[0101] The tight reservoir depletion development affected area evaluation device provided in this embodiment of the invention can conduct multiple affected area evaluations by setting different horizontal well 21 layouts, thereby obtaining the corresponding affected area distribution pattern and the recovery rate of each affected area, realizing the selection of the optimal horizontal well 21 layout, providing production guidance for the production of horizontal well 21 in tight reservoir depletion development, and improving the oil well production in tight reservoir depletion development.

[0102] Example 2

[0103] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a method for evaluating the impact area of ​​depletion-type development in tight oil reservoirs, applying the device for evaluating the impact area of ​​depletion-type development in tight oil reservoirs described in Embodiment 1, and referring to... Figure 5 As shown, it includes:

[0104] S101: Layered sand filling is performed on the reservoir simulation device 11 to simulate the target tight oil reservoir.

[0105] S102: Lay multiple horizontal wells 21 at the preset positions of the reservoir simulation device 11, and keep the outlet of each horizontal well 21 open;

[0106] S103: Simulated formation water is injected into the reservoir simulation device 11 through the fluid injection device 12 until saturation is achieved;

[0107] S104: Simulated formation oil is injected into the reservoir simulation device 11 through the fluid injection device 12 until no water is discharged from the outlet of each horizontal well 21, then the outlet of each horizontal well 21 is closed.

[0108] S105: Simulated formation oil is injected into the reservoir simulation device 11 through the fluid injection device 12 until the internal pressure of the reservoir simulation device 11 reaches a preset pressure threshold.

[0109] S106: Open the outlet of each horizontal well 21 to carry out depletion development, and detect the pressure signal in the reservoir simulation device 11 in real time through the pressure probe 33, and transmit the detected pressure signal to the pressure sensor 32 in real time. At the same time, measure the production volume of each production pipe 41 through the production metering device 42.

[0110] S107: The pressure signal is converted into an electrical signal by the pressure sensor 32, and the converted electrical signal is transmitted to the signal processor 31 in real time.

[0111] In this embodiment of the invention, the size of the reservoir simulation device 11 is set according to the size of the target tight oil reservoir. Specifically, based on the size of the target tight oil reservoir and the geometric similarity criterion, the size of the reservoir simulation device 11 is determined to ensure that the size of the simulated reservoir obtained after sand filling inside the reservoir simulation device 11 is geometrically similar to that of the target tight oil reservoir; sand filling is performed according to the reservoir characteristic parameters of the target tight oil reservoir to ensure that the porosity and permeability of the simulated reservoir and the target tight oil reservoir are consistent; crude oil is used to simulate the formation oil to ensure the consistency of oil properties; and the bottom-hole flow velocity of the production wells in the reservoir and the model is consistent based on the oil well production calculation formula and the geometric similarity criterion. Specific simulated reservoir parameter settings are shown in Table 1.

[0112] Table 1 Simulated reservoir parameters

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] In this embodiment of the invention, the layered sand filling of the reservoir simulation device 11 to simulate the target tight oil reservoir may specifically include: layered sand filling of the reservoir simulation device 11 according to the physical property parameters and reservoir characteristic parameters of the target tight oil reservoir.

[0116] In this embodiment of the invention, the horizontal well 21 is opened or closed by controlling the opening and closing of the ball valve at the end of the liquid collection pipe 41.

[0117] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of injecting simulated formation water into the reservoir simulation device 11 through the fluid injection device 12 until saturation is achieved can specifically include: opening the fluid inlet 117 of the reservoir simulation device 11, opening the first intermediate container 123, and injecting simulated formation water into the reservoir simulation device 11 at a certain speed, for example, 2 ml / min, through the first plunger pump 121 until saturation is achieved. Specifically, injection is stopped when the injected volume of simulated formation water reaches 2 PV, and the fluid inlet 117 of the reservoir simulation device 11 is closed to ensure saturation is achieved.

[0118] In this embodiment of the invention, simulated formation oil is injected into the reservoir simulation device 11 through the fluid injection device 12 until no water is produced at the outlets of the plurality of horizontal wells 21. Then, the outlets of the plurality of horizontal wells 21 are closed. Specifically, this may include: opening the fluid inlet 117 of the reservoir simulation device 11, opening the second intermediate container 124, injecting simulated formation oil into the reservoir simulation device 11 at a certain speed, for example, at a speed of 2 ml / min through the second plunger pump 122, and measuring the total production of the horizontal well system 2 through the metering device until no water is produced at each horizontal well 21, stopping the injection and closing the outlet of each horizontal well 21, and closing the fluid inlet 117 of the reservoir simulation device 11.

[0119] In this embodiment of the invention, simulated formation oil is injected into the reservoir simulation device 11 through the fluid injection device 12 until the internal pressure of the reservoir simulation device 11 reaches a preset pressure threshold. Specifically, this may include: opening the fluid inlet 117 of the reservoir simulation device 11, opening the second intermediate container 124, injecting simulated formation oil into the reservoir simulation device 11 at a certain speed, for example, 2 ml / min, using the second plunger pump 122, monitoring the pressure inside the simulated reservoir in real time through a pressure monitoring system, stopping the injection when the pressure reaches the preset pressure threshold, and closing the fluid inlet 117 of the reservoir simulation device 11. Specifically, multiple pressure probes are used to detect the pressure at various points inside the simulated reservoir. When the pressure detected by a large number of pressure probes reaches the preset pressure threshold, it is considered that the pressure inside the simulated reservoir has reached the preset pressure threshold. The preset pressure threshold is set according to the pressure inside the target tight oil reservoir; for example, it can be set to 35 MPa.

[0120] The outlets of the multiple horizontal wells 21 are opened for depletion-type development. The pressure signal within the reservoir simulation device 11 is detected in real time by the pressure probe 33, and the pressure signals at each pressure detection point are transmitted to the pressure sensor 32 in real time. Simultaneously, the production volume of each production pipe 41 is measured by the production metering device 42, and the cumulative production time t and the oil production V of each horizontal well 21 are recorded. oit Pressure p at each pressure monitoring point it Taking nine horizontal wells (21) as an example, the reservoir recovery rate at different times is calculated based on Formula 1:

[0121]

[0122] In the formula: E Rt V represents the reservoir recovery rate at different times; oit V represents the oil production of each horizontal well 21; p To simulate the pore volume of the reservoir.

[0123] In this embodiment of the invention, after calculating the reservoir recovery rate at different times, trend diagrams of production and pressure changes with cumulative oil production time at different times can be plotted. Specifically, this can include: a production dynamic curve of production change with cumulative oil production time and a pressure profile at different times, thereby obtaining the pressure change law of the depletion development of the target tight oil reservoir, clarifying the affected area of ​​the depletion development of the tight oil reservoir, and obtaining the reservoir recovery rate corresponding to the affected area. Figure 6 Here is an example of a pressure profile.

[0124] In this embodiment of the invention, when simulated formation water is injected into the reservoir simulation device 11 by the first plunger pump 121, the simulated formation water first reaches the supply cavity 115 from the fluid inlet 117. After the liquid level in the supply cavity 115 rises to the baffle 114, the simulated formation water gradually enters the simulated reservoir through the connecting hole. When simulated formation oil is injected into the reservoir simulation device 11 by the second plunger pump 122, the simulated formation oil first reaches the supply cavity 115 from the fluid inlet 117. After the liquid level in the supply cavity 115 rises to the baffle 114, the simulated formation oil gradually enters the simulated reservoir through the connecting hole. The supply cavity 115 is used for intermediate processing of the injected fluid, ensuring the uniformity of fluid injection.

[0125] The method for evaluating the affected areas of depleted development in tight oil reservoirs provided in this embodiment of the invention can identify the distribution pattern of affected areas in depleted development based on pressure changes and obtain the recovery rate corresponding to each affected area. It realizes the evaluation of affected areas through physical simulation, provides production guidance for the production of horizontal wells 21 in the depleted development of tight oil reservoirs, and flexibly addresses the problems of tight oil reservoirs such as dense lithology, high seepage resistance and poor pressure transmission capacity, thereby improving the production of oil wells in the depleted development of tight oil reservoirs.

[0126] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. This disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the invention fall within the scope of the claims of the invention and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A device for evaluating a swept area of a compact oil reservoir depletion development, characterized in that, The system comprises a tight oil reservoir simulation system, a horizontal well system, a pressure monitoring system and a production system; The tight oil reservoir simulation system comprises a reservoir simulation device and a fluid injection device connected together; The reservoir simulation device is capable of being filled with sand in layers to simulate a target tight oil reservoir; The fluid injection device is used to inject simulated formation water and simulated formation oil into the reservoir simulation device; The horizontal well system comprises a plurality of horizontal wells arranged in the reservoir simulation device; The production system comprises a plurality of liquid production pipes and a liquid production metering device; Each of the liquid production pipes is connected to the outlet of a corresponding horizontal well and the liquid production metering device; The pressure monitoring system comprises a signal processor, a pressure sensor and a plurality of pressure probes; The plurality of pressure probes are arranged in the reservoir simulation device; The pressure sensor is connected to the signal processor and the plurality of pressure probes.

2. The apparatus for evaluating a swept area of a compact reservoir depletion type development according to claim 1, wherein The reservoir simulation device comprises a shell and an upper cover arranged above the shell; The shell and the upper cover form a containing cavity therebetween; The plurality of pressure probes are vertically distributed in the containing cavity, and the bottom ends of the plurality of pressure probes are fixed to the bottom of the shell; The containing cavity is capable of being filled with sand to simulate a reservoir.

3. The apparatus for evaluating a swept area of a compact reservoir depletion type development according to claim 2, wherein A partition is horizontally arranged in the shell, and the partition and the shell form a liquid supply cavity therebetween, and the partition, the shell and the upper cover form the containing cavity therebetween; The bottom of the shell is provided with a fluid inlet communicating with the liquid supply cavity; The partition is provided with a plurality of communication holes; The fluid inlet is connected to the fluid injection device.

4. The apparatus for evaluating a swept area of a compact reservoir depletion type development according to claim 3, wherein A filter screen is arranged on the partition.

5. The apparatus for evaluating a swept area of a compact reservoir depletion type development according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by The upper cover is provided with a plurality of first through holes corresponding to the plurality of horizontal wells; The liquid production pipe passes through the corresponding first through hole to connect the outlet of the corresponding horizontal well.

6. The apparatus for evaluating a swept area of a compact reservoir depletion type development according to claim 5, wherein The reservoir simulation device further comprises a first sealing ring; The liquid production pipe is threadedly connected to the first through hole; The first sealing ring is sleeved on the liquid production pipe and seals the first through hole.

7. The apparatus for evaluating a swept area of a compact reservoir depletion type development according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by The upper cover is provided with a plurality of second through holes corresponding to the plurality of pressure probes; The pressure sensor and the pressure probe are connected by wires, and the wires pass through the corresponding second through hole to connect the corresponding pressure probe.

8. The apparatus for evaluating a swept area of a compact reservoir depletion type development according to claim 7, wherein Further comprising a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring; The wire is threadedly connected to the second through hole; The second sealing ring is sleeved on the wire and seals the second through hole.

9. The apparatus for evaluating a swept area of a compact reservoir depletion type development according to claim 3, wherein The fluid injection device comprises a first plunger pump, a second plunger pump, a first intermediate container and a second intermediate container; The first intermediate container is used to store simulated formation water and is connected to the first plunger pump and the fluid inlet respectively; The second intermediate container is used to store simulated formation oil and is connected to the second plunger pump and the fluid inlet respectively.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein, The reservoir simulation device further comprises a three-way valve; The fluid injection device further comprises a first control valve and a second control valve; The first control valve is connected to the first intermediate container; The second control valve is connected to the second intermediate container; The three-way valve is connected to the fluid inlet, the first control valve and the second control valve respectively.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, One end of each of the liquid production pipes close to the horizontal well is provided with a ball valve.

12. A method for evaluating a swept area of a compact oil reservoir depletion development, using the apparatus for evaluating a swept area of a compact oil reservoir depletion development according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The system comprises The reservoir simulation device is layered and sand-filled to simulate a target tight oil reservoir; Multiple horizontal wells are laid in the reservoir simulation device at predetermined positions, and the outlets of each horizontal well are kept open; Simulated formation water is injected into the reservoir simulation device through a fluid injection device until saturation is reached; Simulated formation oil is injected into the reservoir simulation device through the fluid injection device until the outlets of each horizontal well are not watered, and then the outlets of each horizontal well are closed; Simulated formation oil is injected into the reservoir simulation device through the fluid injection device until the internal pressure of the reservoir simulation device reaches a predetermined pressure threshold; The outlets of each horizontal well are opened for depletion development, and the pressure signals in the reservoir simulation device are detected in real time through the pressure probe and transmitted to the pressure sensor in real time, while the liquid production of each liquid production pipe is measured through the liquid production metering device; The pressure signals are converted into electrical signals by the pressure sensor, and the converted electrical signals are transmitted to the signal processor in real time.

Images