X-ray emission device with mutually embedded cathode and anode

Abstract

The invention provides a cathode and anode embedded X-ray emission device, which comprises an anode target disc, a glass cover and a cathode heating wire, and is characterized in that a cathode base is arranged in the glass cover, the cathode base is grounded, and a cylindrical nesting cover is integrally formed at one end, close to the anode target disc, of the cathode base; a shielding space is formed on the inner side of the nesting cover; the cathode hot wire is arranged at one end of the shielding space, and the anode target disc extends into the shielding space from the open end of the nested cover and is suspended in the shielding space; and a first collimation channel is arranged on the side wall of the nesting cover corresponding to the X-ray emergent position. According to the device provided by the invention, the uniformity of an electric field between the cathode and the anode and the focusing property of an electron beam can be remarkably enhanced, so that electrons are accurately guided to a target surface focus of the anode, and stray electrons are reduced from the source; and on the other hand, the grounded nested cover can effectively absorb splashing stray electrons and prevent external particles from entering an acceleration area, so that non-focus radiation and electronic interference are greatly inhibited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to the field of X-ray tube technology, and more specifically to an X-ray emitting device with interlocking anode and cathode. Background Technology

[0002] Due to their unique properties, X-rays are frequently used in non-destructive testing and medical imaging. X-ray emitting devices generate X-rays by emitting electrons from a cathode within a glass enclosure, which are then accelerated under a high-voltage electric field to bombard an anode target. The performance stability and X-ray quality of these devices directly determine the accuracy and reliability of the detection or imaging, playing a crucial role, especially in industrial applications involving non-destructive testing of material thickness.

[0003] In existing technologies, the cathode and anode are typically arranged in a separate, opposing structure, maintaining a certain spatial distance and operating independently. This arrangement can easily lead to uneven distribution of the electric field between the electrodes, affecting the focusing effect of the electron beam and causing some electrons to deviate from their intended trajectory, forming stray electrons. Furthermore, in actual working environments, it is often difficult to maintain an absolute vacuum inside the glass cover, which may contain trace amounts of gas molecules or other impurity particles. These particles may be excited or ionized after being struck by stray electrons, further interfering with the normal path of the electron beam and generating background noise, affecting the signal quality and thickness measurement accuracy of the final output X-rays. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide an X-ray emitting device with interlocking anode and cathode to solve the above problems.

[0005] This application provides an X-ray emitting device with interlocking anode and cathode, comprising an anode target disk, a glass cover, and a cathode hot wire. The glass cover contains a cathode base, which is grounded, and a cylindrical nested cover is integrally formed at one end near the anode target disk. One end of the nested cover is open, and a shielding space is formed inside. The cathode hot wire is placed at one end of the shielding space, and the anode target disk extends into the shielding space from the open end of the nested cover and is suspended within the shielding space. A first collimation channel is provided on the sidewall of the nested cover corresponding to the X-ray emission position.

[0006] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the edge position of the nested cover is smoothly transitioned by rounded corners.

[0007] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the nested cover includes a current collection part and a shielding part. The current collection part is located on the side of the set plane away from the anode target plate, and the shielding part is located on the side of the set plane close to the anode target plate. The set plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the glass cover and the center of the anode target plate and the axis of the first collimation channel are located.

[0008] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, a baffle plate is provided on the side wall of the glass cover corresponding to the X-ray emission position, and a second collimation channel coaxial with the first collimation channel is provided on the baffle plate.

[0009] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the cathode base is provided with an embedded mounting groove at the end of the nested cover away from the anode target disk, and the cathode hot wire is fixed in the mounting groove.

[0010] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the anode target plate is fixed inside the glass cover by an anode base, one end of the anode base extends out of the glass cover and is connected to a cooling component, and the cooling component is connected to an external refrigerant circulation device.

[0011] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the cathode base, the anode base, and the glass cover are sealed together by Kovar material.

[0012] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the two ends of the first collimation channel are funnel-shaped and smoothly transition to the inner and outer sidewalls of the nested cover, respectively.

[0013] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the end of the second collimation channel near the inner side of the glass cover is flared and smoothly transitions with the side wall of the sealing plate.

[0014] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the sidewall of the anode base is provided with a radially outward protruding extension, the diameter of which matches the nested cover.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this application are as follows: By extending the anode target disk into a cylindrical nested cover integrally formed with a grounded cathode base, a unique anode-cathode interlocking structure is formed. This structure significantly enhances the uniformity of the electric field between the anode and cathode and the focusing of the electron beam, allowing electrons to be precisely guided to the focal point of the anode target surface, reducing the generation of stray electrons at the source. On the other hand, the grounded nested cover can effectively absorb sputtered stray electrons and shield external particles from entering the acceleration region, greatly suppressing off-focus radiation and electron interference. In addition, by setting a first collimation channel on the side wall of the nested cover, preliminary collimation and filtering of the emitted X-rays are achieved, which can effectively absorb stray photons and shield rays of non-target wavelengths, thereby significantly improving the purity and signal-to-noise ratio of the output X-rays. These improvements together ensure the accuracy and stability of the X-ray signal required for subsequent thickness measurement processes, making it particularly suitable for portable applications with stringent measurement accuracy requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the X-ray emitting device with interlocking anode and cathode provided in this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cathode base in the transmitting device is shown. Figure 3 for Figure 2 A side view of the cathode base shown. Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of X-ray emission from the emitting device shown.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1. Anode target plate; 2. Glass cover; 3. Cathode hot wire; 4. Cathode base; 5. Nested cover; 6. Shielding space; 7. First collimation channel; 8. Current collector; 9. Shielding part; 10. Sealing plate; 11. Second collimation channel; 12. Mounting groove; 13. Cooling assembly; 14. Anode base; 15. Extension. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides an X-ray emitting device with interlocking anode and cathode, including an anode target disk 1, a glass cover 2, and a cathode hot wire 3. The glass cover 2 contains a cathode base 4, which is grounded, and a cylindrical nested cover 5 is integrally formed at one end near the anode target disk 1. One end of the nested cover 5 is open, and a shielding space 6 is formed inside. The cathode hot wire 3 is placed at one end of the shielding space 6. The anode target disk 1 extends into the shielding space 6 from the open end of the nested cover 5 and is suspended within the shielding space 6. A first collimation channel 7 is provided on the side wall of the nested cover 5 corresponding to the X-ray emission position.

[0021] Specifically, in this embodiment, the X-ray emitting device uses a vacuum-sealed glass dome 2 as its core supporting shell. The interior of the glass dome 2 is evacuated to a high vacuum state, providing a gas-free environment for electron acceleration and X-ray generation. A cathode base 4 is fixed inside the glass dome 2. The cathode base 4 is made of oxygen-free copper with high conductivity, possessing both good electrical and thermal conductivity, and is reliably connected to an external grounding terminal via wires to form an equipotential shield. Matching this, the anode base 14 is connected to an external DC high-voltage power supply (typically ranging from 10kV to 150kV), creating a stable high-voltage accelerating electric field between the anode target disk 1 and the cathode base 4, providing the core power for electron acceleration. The cathode base 4 has an integrally formed cylindrical nested cover 5 at one end near the anode target disk 1. The nested cover 5 and the cathode base 4 have no splicing gap, ensuring the continuity of the electric field distribution. One end of the cover is open towards the anode target disk 1, and the inner side is enclosed to form a closed shielding space 6. The volume of the shielding space 6 is adapted to the insertion size of the anode target disk 1, which not only reserves an effective space for electron acceleration, but also avoids the electric field dispersion caused by the space being too large.

[0022] The cathode hot wire 3 is made of tungsten-rhenium alloy with excellent thermionic emission performance. It is fixed on the cathode base 4 and placed at the end of the shielded space 6 away from the opening, with its electron-emitting end precisely facing the anode target disk 1. During operation, a low-voltage alternating current is first applied to the cathode hot wire 3 to raise its temperature to a working temperature of 1800K to 2473K to generate thermionic electrons. Under the action of a high-voltage electric field, electrons escape from the emitting end of the cathode hot wire 3 and accelerate towards the anode target disk 1. The anode target disk 1 uses a tungsten alloy target material resistant to electron bombardment and ablation. It extends into the shielded space 6 from the opening end of the nested cover 5 and is suspended inside the shielded space 6, maintaining a uniform radial gap with the inner wall of the nested cover 5. The center of the target surface of the anode target disk 1 is coaxially aligned with the emitting end of the cathode hot wire 3, meeting the requirements for electron acceleration under a high-voltage electric field. The sidewall of the nested cover 5 corresponds to the preset position for X-ray emission, and a through-type first collimation channel 7 is opened. The channel axis corresponds to the focal area of ​​the target surface of the anode target disk 1, ensuring that X-rays are generated that are directionally emitted along the channel and have a beam taper of 5°. Figure 4 As shown.

[0023] The interlocking layout of the anode and cathode significantly optimizes the uniformity of the electric field distribution between the electrodes, enabling the electron beam emitted by the cathode hot wire 3 to be precisely focused on the target surface of the anode target disk 1 under a high-voltage electric field, thereby reducing the generation of stray electrons at the source. At the same time, the shielding space 6 formed by the grounded nested cover 5 can prevent trace impurity particles in the glass cover 2 from entering the electron acceleration area, while absorbing splashed stray electrons and reducing the intensity of non-focus radiation. In addition, the first collimation channel 7 provides preliminary directional constraint for the emitted X-rays, effectively improving the purity and signal-to-noise ratio of the rays and ensuring the detection accuracy of the portable thickness gauge.

[0024] Furthermore, the edges of the nested cover 5 are smoothly transitioned by rounded corners.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the edge of the nested cover 5 includes three key areas: first, the edge of the opening of the cylindrical nested cover 5 facing the anode target disk 1; second, the edge of the connection end where the nested cover 5 and the cathode base 4 are integrally formed; and third, the edges of the inner and outer ports of the first collimation channel 7 when it is opened on the side wall of the nested cover 5. All of the above edges are designed with rounded corners and are polished to ensure that there are no sharp protrusions or burrs, achieving a completely smooth transition effect.

[0026] If the edge of the nested cover 5 is a sharp structure, the local electric field intensity will increase sharply due to the "sharp point effect" when the device is operating under high voltage. Even if the glass cover 2 is in a high vacuum environment, trace amounts of residual gas will still be ionized by the strong electric field, causing sharp point discharge. The random charges generated by the discharge will interfere with the trajectory of the electron beam emitted by the cathode hot wire 3, causing the electron beam to deviate from its focus. At the same time, the discharge heat may damage the edge of the nested cover. The rounded transition structure can completely eliminate the sharp point effect, prevent sharp point discharge, and make the electric field lines on the inner wall and edge of the nested cover 5 uniformly distributed, ensuring that the electron beam always moves stably along the preset path during high-voltage acceleration and accurately bombards the target focal point of the anode target disk 1.

[0027] Furthermore, the nested cover 5 includes a current collection part 8 and a shielding part 9. The current collection part 8 is located on the side of the setting plane away from the anode target disk 1, and the shielding part 9 is located on the side of the setting plane close to the anode target disk 1. The setting plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the glass cover 2 and the plane where the center of the anode target disk 1 and the axis of the first collimation channel 7 are located.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the defined plane is a functional dividing reference plane that runs through the core area of ​​the nested cover 5. This plane is perpendicular to the central axis of the glass cover 2 and passes through both the center of the target surface of the anode target disk 1 and the central axis of the first collimation channel 7. Using this plane as the boundary, the cylindrical nested cover 5 is divided axially into a functionally complementary current collection section 8 and a shielding section 9. The two are integrally formed without any splicing gaps and are grounded synchronously with the cathode base 4 to ensure the continuity of the electric field distribution and the overall structural strength.

[0029] The current collector 8 is located on the side of the set plane away from the opening end (i.e., away from the anode target disk 1). It has a columnar structure, and its inner wall is coaxial with the axis of the glass cover 2 (coaxiality error ≤ 0.05 mm). The diameter of the inner wall is adapted to the installation position of the cathode hot wire 3 and the electron acceleration requirements. The electron emitting end of the cathode hot wire 3 is placed at the axial center of the current collector 8. The radial gap between the inner wall of the current collector 8 and the electron emitting end is evenly distributed, which just covers the core area from electron emission to acceleration. The core function of the current collector 8 is to optimize the electric field distribution between the anode and cathode: the grounded columnar structure can make the electric field lines evenly distributed along the axis, guiding the electron beam emitted by the cathode hot wire 3 to converge towards the target focal point of the anode target disk 1, reducing the divergence of electrons during the acceleration process, and reducing the generation of stray electrons from the source; at the same time, the columnar structure can initially block trace impurity particles in the glass cover 2 from entering the electron acceleration area.

[0030] The shielding section 9 is located on the side of the set plane near the opening end (i.e., near the anode target disk 1). It is an axial extension of the current collector 8 and is also columnar. Its inner wall diameter is exactly the same as that of the current collector 8, ensuring a smooth transition of the inner wall without steps or protrusions. The axial length of the shielding section 9 is adapted to the length of the anode target disk 1 extending into the shielding space 6 (the axial length of the shielding section can be 1.2 to 1.5 times the length of the anode target disk). The radial gap between the inner wall and the outer periphery of the anode target disk 1 is evenly distributed. By extending the axial length of the shielding space 6, it further blocks external stray particles inside the glass cover 2 from approaching the target surface area of ​​the anode target disk 1, making up for the limited shielding range of the current collector 8. This ensures that the anode target disk 1 is always in a clean space free from impurities, avoiding trajectory deviation or additional radiation caused by collisions between impurity particles and the electron beam.

[0031] By dividing the current collection section and the shielding section into planar parts, the two complement each other functionally. The current collection section focuses on electric field optimization and electron beam guidance, while the shielding section focuses on space purification and impurity blocking, ensuring the stability of the electron beam throughout the entire path from electron acceleration to target bombardment. The consistency of the columnar structure ensures a continuous and undisturbed electric field distribution, avoiding electric field concentration caused by structural abrupt changes. The integrated design does not increase the size and complexity of the device, adapting to the compact requirements of portable X-ray emission devices, while significantly improving the purity and signal-to-noise ratio of X-rays, providing a stable X-ray source for subsequent thickness measurement.

[0032] Furthermore, a baffle plate 10 is provided on the side wall of the glass cover 2 corresponding to the X-ray exit position, and a second collimation channel 11 coaxial with the first collimation channel 7 is provided on the baffle plate 10.

[0033] Specifically, the X-ray exit position on the side wall of the glass cover 2 corresponds exactly to the outer projection of the first collimation channel 7 on the nested cover 5. A sealing plate 10 is fixed here by welding. Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown. The baffle plate 10 is made of tungsten alloy and its thickness can be selected from 1 to 3 mm. This not only meets the lightweight requirements of portable devices but also blocks the small amount of stray scattering rays that overflow from the edge of the first collimation channel 7, preventing them from spreading in non-detection directions. A through-type second collimation channel 11 is provided in the central area of ​​the baffle plate 10. The inner diameter of the second collimation channel 11 can be adapted to the set detection area size of the material to be measured and is coaxial with the first collimation channel 7.

[0034] In practical operation, the X-rays generated by the anode target disk 1 are first constrained and filtered by the first collimation channel 7 of the nested cover 5, filtering out most of the rays that are seriously deviated from the main direction. Then, the rays penetrate the glass cover 2 and directly enter the second collimation channel 11 of the baffle plate 10. Since the channel is coaxial with the first collimation channel 7 and the inner diameter matches, the X-ray beam will always remain within the set cross-sectional range under the physical constraint of the second collimation channel 11, without significant divergence, and finally accurately point to the preset detection area of ​​the material to be tested, achieving concentrated irradiation without additional adjustment of the X-ray direction.

[0035] Furthermore, the cathode base 4 has an embedded mounting groove 12 at the end of the nested cover 5 away from the anode target disk 1, and the cathode hot wire 3 is fixed in the mounting groove 12.

[0036] Specifically, the mounting groove 12 is a structure completely recessed inside the cathode base 4, and is formed at the center of the end face of the nested cover 5 away from the opening end (i.e., away from the anode target disk 1), such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown. The tank shape is adapted to the spiral structure of the cathode hot wire 3, and the inner wall is equipped with a high-temperature resistant insulating ceramic bushing to stably fix the hot wire. The two ends of the hot wire are connected to the metal contacts on the inner wall of the mounting tank 12 by laser welding to ensure that the electron emission end of the hot wire is accurately aligned with the target focal point of the anode target disk 1 and does not shift when the device vibrates.

[0037] The mounting slot 12 prevents the hot wire from shifting during device handling or vibration, ensuring the stability of the electron emission position. Furthermore, its recessed structure guides the electron beam emitted by the cathode hot wire 3 towards the center, reducing electron divergence in the initial stage. This, combined with the electric field optimization effect of the nested cover 5, further improves the electron beam focusing accuracy. Simultaneously, the mounting slot 12 conceals the power supply leads of the hot wire, preventing them from being exposed within the shielding space 6 and interfering with the electric field distribution. Moreover, the copper slot body quickly conducts the heat generated during hot wire operation, maintaining a stable operating temperature and preventing temperature fluctuations from affecting the electron emission level.

[0038] Furthermore, the anode target plate 1 is fixed inside the glass cover 2 by the anode base 14, one end of the anode base 14 extends out of the glass cover 2 and is connected to a cooling assembly 13, and the cooling assembly 13 is connected to an external refrigerant circulation device.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the anode base 14 is made of high thermal conductivity copper and has a columnar structure. One end of it is fixed to the inner wall of the glass cover 2 by Kovar alloy seal to ensure the vacuum environment inside the glass cover 2. The non-target end of the anode target plate 1 is firmly connected to the anode base 14 by diffusion welding, so that the target end of the anode target plate 1 extends precisely into the shielding space 6 of the nested cover 5 and maintains a preset distance from the cathode hot wire 3, thus achieving reliable fixation of the anode target plate 1.

[0040] One end of the anode base 14, away from the interior of the glass cover 2, penetrates the end sealing structure of the glass cover 2 and extends to the outside of the glass cover 2. This extended end is connected to the cooling assembly 13 via a flange. The cooling assembly 13 adopts a water-cooled heat dissipation structure, which can quickly conduct the heat transferred by the anode base 14. The cooling assembly 13 is connected to an external refrigerant circulation device through pipelines, forming a closed heat dissipation loop. During operation, the large amount of heat generated by the electron beam bombardment of the anode target disk 1 will be conducted to the cooling assembly 13 through the anode base 14. The low-temperature refrigerant supplied by the external refrigerant circulation device can promptly remove the heat, keeping the operating temperature of the anode target disk 1 within a safe range. This prevents the anode target disk 1 from being ablated or deformed due to heat accumulation, ensuring stable X-ray generation.

[0041] Furthermore, the cathode base 4, the anode base 14, and the glass cover 2 are sealed together by Kovar material.

[0042] Specifically, the Kovar material is an iron-nickel-cobalt alloy with a coefficient of thermal expansion matching that of the glass housing 2. Its core function is to achieve a reliable seal between the metal base and the glass housing. The sealing process employs a bonding technique: the Kovar material is first pre-plated with nickel, and then high-temperature bonded to the glass housing 2 to form a gapless sealing structure. Since a high vacuum environment needs to be maintained inside the glass housing 2 to prevent gas interference with electron acceleration, the sealing performance of the Kovar material directly determines the vacuum stability: on the one hand, its thermal expansion matching with glass and metal can prevent gaps from forming due to temperature changes, preventing external air from seeping into the glass housing 2; on the other hand, the gapless sealing structure can prevent leakage of trace amounts of residual gas inside the glass housing 2, ensuring that electrons accelerate along a predetermined path under a high-voltage electric field and preventing stray electrons from being generated by collisions between gas molecules and electrons. At the same time, the structural strength of the Kovar material can also enhance the connection stability between the base and the glass housing 2, preventing the base from loosening due to vibrations during portable use.

[0043] Furthermore, the two ends of the first collimation channel 7 are funnel-shaped and smoothly transition to the inner and outer sidewalls of the nested cover 5, respectively.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the first collimation channel 7 is a channel structure that penetrates the side wall of the nested cover 5. The flared openings at both ends of the channel body are integrally formed with the nested cover 5. The flared opening on the inner side of the channel (the end closer to the shielding space 6) expands slightly towards the target surface, and the opening edge naturally connects with the inner side wall of the nested cover 5; the flared opening on the outer side of the channel (the end farther from the shielding space 6) expands towards the glass cover 2, and the edge smoothly transitions with the outer side wall of the nested cover 5. The entire channel has no steps or sharp protrusions.

[0045] The inner flared opening expands the collection range of X-rays generated by the anode target 1, ensuring that rays generated in the focal region of the target surface can enter the channel more smoothly, reducing reflection or scattering losses at the channel entrance. The outer flared opening guides the rays within the channel to smoothly exit the nested cover 5, avoiding obstruction or interference of the ray beam at the channel exit edge and maintaining the integrity of the ray beam. Simultaneously, the smooth transition structure prevents tip discharge, ensuring stable operation of the device under high voltage.

[0046] Furthermore, the second collimation channel 11 has a flared end near the inner side of the glass cover 2, and smoothly transitions with the side wall of the sealing plate 10.

[0047] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the inner diameter of the second collimating channel 11 matches that of the first collimating channel 7. Its flared opening near the inner side of the glass cover 2 is integrally formed with the channel, without any seams, and its edges are polished to remove any sharp protrusions. Because the glass cover 2 contains the high-voltage environment required for electron acceleration, the smooth transition structure avoids the sharp-point effect at the channel edges, preventing sharp discharges at the source and avoiding interference from stray charges generated by discharges that could damage the electron beam trajectory or components. Simultaneously, the flared opening can assist in receiving the radiation emitted from the first collimating channel 7. This design ensures stable high-voltage operation of the device, providing a reliable radiation source for thickness measurement.

[0048] Furthermore, the sidewall of the anode base 14 is provided with a radially outwardly protruding extension 15, the diameter of which matches the diameter of the nested cover 5.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the extension 15 and the anode base 14 are integrally formed from the same high thermal conductivity copper material without any splicing gaps, and its outer diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the nested cover 5. This structure reduces the gap between the anode base 14 and the nested cover 5, reducing the escape of stray electrons from the gap or the entry of external impurity particles, further optimizing the shielding effect; on the other hand, the extension 15 can form a limiting fit with the opening end of the nested cover 5 to help position the anode base 14, avoid the anode target disk 1 from shifting due to device vibration, ensure the precise alignment of the target surface and the cathode hot wire 3, and maintain the electron beam focusing accuracy and X-ray emission stability.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. An X-ray emitting device with interdigitated anode and cathode, comprising an anode target disk (1), a glass envelope (2) and a cathode filament (3), characterized in that, The glass cover (2) is internally provided with a cathode base (4), the cathode base (4) is grounded, and a cylindrical nested cover (5) is integrally formed at one end close to the anode target disc (1); the nested cover (5) is open at one end, and a shielding space (6) is formed on the inner side; the cathode hot wire (3) is arranged at one end of the shielding space (6), and the anode target disc (1) extends into the shielding space (6) from the open end of the nested cover (5) and is suspended in the shielding space (6); the sidewall of the nested cover (5) is provided with a first collimating channel (7) corresponding to the X-ray exit position.

2. The anode-cathode intercalation X-ray emitting device of claim 1, wherein, The edge position of the nested cover (5) is smoothly transitioned through a round corner.

3. The anode-cathode intercalation X-ray emitting device of claim 1, wherein, The nested cover (5) comprises a current collecting part (8) and a shielding part (9), the current collecting part (8) is arranged on the side away from the anode target disc (1) of a specified plane, and the shielding part (9) is arranged on the side close to the anode target disc (1) of the specified plane, the specified plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the glass cover (2) and in which the center of the anode target disc (1) and the axis of the first collimating channel (7) are located.

4. The anode-cathode intercalation X-ray emitting device of claim 1, wherein, The sidewall of the glass cover (2) is provided with a blocking plate (10) corresponding to the X-ray exit position, and the blocking plate (10) is provided with a second collimating channel (11) coaxial with the first collimating channel (7).

5. The anode-cathode intercalation X-ray emitting device of claim 1, wherein, An embedded mounting groove (12) is arranged on the cathode base (4) at the end away from the anode target disc (1) of the nested cover (5), and the cathode hot wire (3) is fixed in the mounting groove (12).

6. The anode-cathode intercalation X-ray emitting device of claim 5, wherein, The anode target disc (1) is fixed in the glass cover (2) through an anode base (14), one end of the anode base (14) extends out of the glass cover (2) and is connected with a cooling assembly (13), and the cooling assembly (13) is connected with an external refrigerant circulating device.

7. The anode-cathode intercalation X-ray emitting device of claim 6, wherein, The cathode base (4), the anode base (14) and the glass cover (2) are sealed and connected through Kovar material.

8. The anode-cathode interdigited X-ray emitting device of claim 1, wherein, The two ends of the first collimating channel (7) are in the shape of a horn mouth and are smoothly transitioned with the inner sidewall and the outer sidewall of the nested cover (5) respectively.

9. The anode-cathode intercalation X-ray emitting device of claim 4, wherein, The end close to the inner side of the glass cover (2) of the second collimating channel (11) is in the shape of a horn mouth and is smoothly transitioned with the sidewall of the blocking plate (10).

10. The anode-cathode intercalation X-ray emitting device of claim 6, wherein, The sidewall of the anode base (14) is provided with a radially outwardly protruding extension (15), and the diameter of the extension (15) matches that of the nested cover (5).

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