Rapid injection method and system for fire prevention and control preparation of electrochemical energy storage battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for rapidly injecting a fire prevention and control preparation for an electrochemical energy storage battery. The method comprises the following steps: determining the fire occurrence of the electrochemical energy storage battery through a detection means, positioning the fire position, and evaluating the fire risk; a quick interface is implanted in a set point position of the shell of the battery accommodating body; connecting the corresponding sets of quick butt joint modules; the system enters a standby state after self-inspection; a matched injection mode is selected through the intelligent controller, the matched injection mode comprises an explosion mode, a sequential mode or a pulse mode, corresponding electromagnetic valves are driven to be opened according to set parameters, and directional and accurate injection of the prevention and control preparation is achieved; the fire extinguishing effect is evaluated in real time in the process, and injection parameters are dynamically adjusted by combining monitoring data; and after the fire is controlled, injection is stopped after confirmation, and system resetting is carried out. The problems that in the prior art, a prevention and control preparation is low in delivery efficiency, a systematic solution is lacked, the complex fire response capacity is weak, and the emergency response speed is low are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire emergency rescue technology, specifically to a rapid injection method and system for an electrochemical energy storage battery fire prevention agent. Background Technology

[0002] As the global energy structure shifts towards clean energy, electrochemical energy storage technology is increasingly being used in new energy vehicles, large-scale energy storage power stations, and portable electronic devices. Among these, lithium batteries have become the mainstream electrochemical energy storage carrier due to their high energy density and excellent charge-discharge efficiency. However, electrochemical energy storage batteries are prone to thermal runaway under charge-discharge cycles and abnormal operating conditions. Once a fire is triggered, a large amount of high-temperature flammable gas will be generated inside the battery within milliseconds, leading to violent combustion or even an explosion. This not only damages the equipment but may also trigger a chain of fires, posing a serious threat to human life and the surrounding environment. To address this risk, the industry has developed various fire prevention technologies for electrochemical energy storage batteries, including traditional total flooding gas extinguishing, external spray extinguishing, and the recently developed technology of injecting special fire extinguishing agents. Devices that can quickly implant interfaces into the outer shell of the battery housing have also emerged, attempting to improve fire extinguishing efficiency by establishing a channel that directly acts on the fire source. These technologies are gradually being piloted and applied in various electrochemical energy storage scenarios.

[0003] However, existing electrochemical battery fire prevention technologies still face many critical issues that urgently need to be addressed, making it difficult to meet actual rescue needs. On the one hand, the delivery efficiency of fire control agents is low. Traditional total flooding or external spraying methods require penetration of the battery casing and insulation layer to reach the fire source. Most of the fire control agents are decomposed by high temperatures or remain on the battery surface, failing to reach the core area of ​​thermal runaway, resulting in an actual utilization rate of less than 20%. On the other hand, there is a lack of mature system-level collaborative solutions. Although rapid interface implantation can be achieved, a complete technical chain of "interface implantation - fire control agent delivery - multi-point collaborative injection" has not yet been formed. The connection between a single implantation interface and the fire control agent supply source is time-consuming and has poor sealing, and it is impossible to manage and precisely control multiple injection points in a unified manner. In addition, existing technologies are weak in dealing with complex fire situations. Fires in large battery systems often exhibit the characteristics of "multi-point outbreak and chain spread." Traditional single-point injection cannot cover all fire sources, and the independent design of fire extinguishing systems and rapid intervention tools leads to low assembly and coordination efficiency in emergency situations, often missing the optimal fire extinguishing window in the early stages of thermal runaway, further exacerbating the fire hazard.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rapid injection method for fire prevention agents in electrochemical energy storage batteries to solve the problems of low agent delivery efficiency, lack of systematic solutions, weak ability to respond to complex fires, and slow emergency response in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides a rapid injection method and system for fire prevention agents in electrochemical energy storage batteries, which solves the problems of low delivery efficiency of prevention agents, lack of "interface implantation-delivery-coordinated injection" system scheme, weak ability to deal with complex fires, and slow emergency response in the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rapid injection method for an electrochemical energy storage battery fire prevention agent, characterized in that it includes:

[0007] The fire in the electrochemical energy storage battery is confirmed by the alarm signal of the battery management system, on-site detection device or thermal imager, and the location of the thermal runaway battery module in the battery container is located to obtain the location of the fire; the fire development stage and the risk of flammable gas accumulation are assessed to obtain the risk assessment results.

[0008] Based on the fire location and the risk assessment results, a quick-connect interface is implanted at a predetermined location on the battery housing using a firing device.

[0009] Based on the number of quick interfaces, select the corresponding number of quick docking modules; dock and lock the quick male connector of the quick docking module with the female port of the quick interface to establish a sealed flow channel; connect the other end of the flexible pipeline of each quick docking module to the corresponding outlet of the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module.

[0010] After the connection is completed, the power supply of the intelligent control module is turned on. The injection system automatically performs self-checks on the opening and closing status of the solenoid valve, the pressure of the main circuit, the liquid level of the control agent storage tank, and the electrical connection status. After the self-check is passed, the injection system enters the injection standby state.

[0011] Based on the risk assessment results, the intelligent control module selects a matching injection mode from the injection strategy library and sends an instruction to the allocation and management module to drive the corresponding solenoid valve to open according to the set parameters, thereby realizing the targeted injection of the prevention and control agent.

[0012] The fire extinguishing effect is assessed by observing changes in the fire situation using a thermal imager; based on the fire extinguishing effect and combined with real-time monitoring data collected by the sensor array, the injection parameters of the injection system are automatically or manually adjusted.

[0013] Based on the monitoring data, the fire was confirmed to be under control. After confirmation by the on-site operators, the injection was stopped and the solenoid valve was closed via the intelligent control module. After the injection stopped, the equipment was cleaned up and reset.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the rapid injection method for the fire prevention agent of electrochemical energy storage battery, during the process of implanting the quick interface at a predetermined position on the outer shell of the battery housing, the predetermined position satisfies the conditions of being close to the thermal runaway battery module, located on the upper part of the battery housing, and avoiding the main structural reinforcing ribs and high-voltage wiring harness of the battery housing; the quick interface is an interface with a self-sealing valve.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the rapid injection method for fire prevention agents in electrochemical energy storage batteries, the rapid docking module includes a quick-connect male connector and the flexible tubing; the quick-connect male connector employs a lever locking mechanism; after docking with the quick connector, the pin mechanism inside the quick-connect male connector triggers the opening of the self-sealing valve of the quick connector, forming a sealed flow channel for the fire prevention agent; one end of the flexible tubing is connected to the quick-connect male connector, and the other end is connected to the corresponding outlet of the fire prevention agent distribution and management module via a rotary quick-connect fitting.

[0016] As a preferred method for the rapid injection of fire prevention agents for electrochemical energy storage batteries, the outlets of the fire prevention agent distribution and management module are all marked with unique numbers, which correspond one-to-one with the locations of the rapid interface.

[0017] As a preferred method for rapid injection of fire prevention agents for electrochemical energy storage batteries, the injection mode includes an explosion mode during the process of selecting a matching injection mode from the injection strategy library through an intelligent control module.

[0018] When the risk assessment result indicates an initial fire in a single module, the outbreak mode is selected, and the solenoid valves of all channels are opened simultaneously to inject the control agent at maximum flow rate.

[0019] As a preferred method for rapid injection of fire prevention agents for electrochemical energy storage batteries, the injection mode includes a sequential mode during the process of selecting a matching injection mode from the injection strategy library through an intelligent control module.

[0020] When the risk assessment result indicates a multi-module cascading fire, select the sequential mode, control the solenoid valves of each channel to open in a set order, and inject the control agent for a set duration.

[0021] As a preferred method for rapid injection of fire prevention agents for electrochemical energy storage batteries, the injection mode includes a pulse mode during the process of selecting a matching injection mode from the injection strategy library through an intelligent control module.

[0022] When the risk assessment indicates a deep combustion fire in a large-capacity battery, select the pulse mode and control the solenoid valve to cycle on and off at a set frequency to inject the control agent in a pulse manner.

[0023] As a preferred method for rapid injection of fire prevention agents for electrochemical energy storage batteries, during the automatic self-checking process of the injection system on the opening and closing status of solenoid valves, main circuit pressure, liquid level of the fire prevention agent storage tank, and electrical connection, the following checks are made: whether the solenoid valve is normally closed, whether there is any jamming or malfunction; whether the nitrogen driving pressure in the main circuit is within the set pressure range, whether the output pressure of the fire prevention agent is within the set adjustable range; whether the remaining liquid level in the fire prevention agent storage tank has reached the set threshold; and whether the electrical connection of the communication links between the controller, sensors, and solenoid valves is confirmed.

[0024] As a preferred method for rapid injection of fire prevention agents for electrochemical energy storage batteries, during the equipment preparation and reset process, the injection data is recorded by the controller, the prevention agent is replenished to the rated capacity of the storage tank, the nitrogen driving pressure is increased to the set pressure, the quick connector and flexible pipeline are cleaned and the integrity of the seals is checked, and the equipment is returned to its original position after preparation.

[0025] The present invention also provides a rapid injection system for fire prevention agents for electrochemical storage batteries, which is used in the above-mentioned rapid injection method for fire prevention agents for electrochemical storage batteries, including an intelligent control module, a prevention agent distribution and management module, and a rapid docking module;

[0026] The prevention and control agent distribution and management module is used to provide power for the storage and transportation of prevention and control agents, including prevention and control agent storage tank, pressure regulation and monitoring unit, multi-channel distribution manifold and fast-response solenoid valve; during the injection of prevention and control agents, the prevention and control agents are diverted through the distribution manifold and sent to the fast docking module through multiple outputs;

[0027] The intelligent control module serves as the central hub of the injection system, comprising an ARM-based main controller, an injection strategy library, and a touchscreen human-machine interface. The main controller sends control commands to the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module and receives real-time pressure and valve status data from the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module, thereby achieving centralized control and status monitoring.

[0028] The quick docking module is connected to the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module through the flexible pipeline; and docks with the quick interface on the battery housing through the quick male connector.

[0029] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] First, high fire extinguishing efficiency: Through rapid interface implantation and dedicated docking module, the fire prevention agent can directly reach the core of battery thermal runaway, improving utilization rate and shortening fire control time, enabling rapid suppression of fire in the early stages of a fire.

[0031] Secondly, the response speed is fast: the fast male connector completes the airtight connection within 3 seconds, and the entire process from interface establishment to injection start takes less than 30 seconds, which is far lower than the industry average response time of 1-2 minutes, thus gaining a critical window of opportunity for rescue.

[0032] Third, it has strong adaptability to complex fire situations: it supports up to 8 injection points working together, and has three pre-stored injection modes: burst, sequential, and pulse. It can adapt to the initial fire of a single module, the chain fire of multiple modules, and the deep combustion fire of a large-capacity battery, respectively, covering the needs of different scenarios.

[0033] Fourth, intelligent and convenient operation: Equipped with a visual human-machine interface and a preset injection strategy library, operators do not need to adjust complex parameters, but only need to select the corresponding mode according to the fire situation; the system can also monitor parameters in real time and automatically handle anomalies, reducing the operating threshold and the risk of human error.

[0034] Fifth, high safety and reliability: The quick docking module adopts a double sealing design with a sealing pressure ≥5MPa; the system has real-time pressure monitoring and fault self-diagnosis functions, which can promptly handle problems such as pipeline blockage and abnormal pressure, and avoid secondary disasters such as agent leakage and battery containment rupture.

[0035] Sixth, excellent system integration: It organically integrates rapid docking, prevention and control preparation distribution management and intelligent control modules to achieve synergistic effect among modules and solve the problem of independent and inefficient cooperation of traditional technical components. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0037] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a rapid injection method for an electrochemical energy storage battery fire prevention agent provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram illustrating the specific implementation process of a rapid injection method for an electrochemical energy storage battery fire prevention agent provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rapid docking module in the rapid injection method of an electrochemical energy storage battery fire prevention agent provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a rapid injection system for an electrochemical energy storage battery fire prevention agent provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 Example 1 of the present invention provides a rapid injection method for an electrochemical energy storage battery fire prevention agent, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. Confirm the fire in the electrochemical energy storage battery through alarm signals from the battery management system, on-site detection devices, or thermal imagers, and locate the position of the thermal runaway battery module in the battery container to obtain the location of the fire; assess the stage of fire development and the risk of flammable gas accumulation to obtain the risk assessment results.

[0046] S2. Based on the fire location and the risk assessment results, a quick interface is implanted at a predetermined location on the battery housing using a firing device.

[0047] S3. Based on the number of quick interfaces, select the corresponding number of quick docking modules; dock and lock the quick male connector of the quick docking module with the female port of the quick interface to establish a sealed flow channel; connect the other end of the flexible pipeline of each quick docking module to the corresponding outlet of the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module.

[0048] S4. After completing the connection, turn on the power of the intelligent control module. The injection system will automatically perform self-checks on the opening and closing status of the solenoid valve, the pressure of the main circuit, the liquid level of the control agent storage tank, and the electrical connection status. After the self-check is passed, the injection system will enter the injection standby state.

[0049] S5. Based on the risk assessment results, the intelligent control module selects a matching injection mode from the injection strategy library and sends an instruction to the allocation and management module to drive the corresponding solenoid valve to open according to the set parameters, thereby realizing the targeted injection of the control agent.

[0050] S6. Assess the fire extinguishing effect by observing the fire situation changes through a thermal imager; based on the fire extinguishing effect and combined with the monitoring data collected in real time by the sensor array, automatically or manually adjust the injection parameters of the injection system.

[0051] S7. After confirming that the fire is under control based on the monitoring data and after confirmation by the on-site operator, stop the injection and close the solenoid valve through the intelligent control module; after the injection stops, clean up and reset the equipment.

[0052] In this embodiment, in step S1, the fire in the electrochemical energy storage battery is confirmed by the alarm signal of the battery management system, the on-site detection device or the thermal imager, and the position of the thermal runaway battery module in the battery container is located to obtain the fire location; the fire development stage and the risk of flammable gas accumulation are assessed to obtain the risk assessment result.

[0053] Specifically, operators confirm the occurrence of an electrochemical energy storage battery fire using detection methods such as battery management system alarm signals, on-site smoke / temperature detection devices, or thermal imagers. They accurately locate the specific position of the thermal runaway battery module within the battery enclosure (such as a battery pack, battery compartment, or battery cluster), assess the stage of fire development and potential spread risk, such as determining whether chain thermal runaway has occurred and the degree of flammable gas accumulation.

[0054] In this embodiment, the location of the fire directly determines the spatial distribution of subsequent injection points. It is necessary to accurately locate the specific thermal runaway module to avoid the injection points deviating from the core of the fire source. The assessment of the fire development stage and the risk of combustible gas accumulation provides a basis for the selection of the number of subsequent injection points and the injection mode. For example, judging whether a chain thermal runaway has occurred can determine whether it is necessary to add injection points to block the spread. Assessing the degree of combustible gas accumulation can prevent the injection operation from causing a secondary explosion.

[0055] In this embodiment, in step S2, based on the fire location and the risk assessment results, a quick interface is implanted at a set position on the battery housing shell using a firing device.

[0056] Specifically, the location of the battery housing shell needs to be determined based on the location of the fire, in the area close to the thermal runaway battery module. At the same time, the upper part of the battery housing should be selected to utilize the gas convection characteristics to promote the diffusion of the control agent. It should also avoid the main structural reinforcing ribs and high-voltage wiring harness of the battery housing to prevent damage to key components of the battery system during the implantation operation.

[0057] The quick interface is a self-sealing valve that can automatically seal when not connected to the docking module to prevent leakage of high-temperature gas inside the battery. The number of implanted interfaces needs to match the fire coverage range in the risk assessment results. For a single-module fire, 1-2 interfaces are usually implanted, and for a multi-module cascading fire, 4-6 interfaces are required.

[0058] In this embodiment, in step S3, according to the number of quick interfaces, a corresponding number of quick docking modules are selected; the quick male connector of the quick docking module is docked and locked with the female port of the quick interface to establish a sealed flow channel; the other end of the flexible pipeline of each quick docking module is connected to the corresponding outlet of the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, according to the number of quick interfaces, select the corresponding number of quick docking modules; align and lock the quick male connector of the quick docking module with the female port of the quick interface; hold the male connector with both hands, align it with the central axis of the female port, and push it forward smoothly until a "click" is heard to confirm that the lever locking mechanism has completed mechanical locking. At the same time, the internal pin mechanism of the male connector triggers the self-sealing valve of the quick interface to open, establishing a sealed flow channel; connect the other end of the flexible tubing of each quick docking module to the corresponding outlet of the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module through a rotary quick connector. Each outlet is marked with a unique number, corresponding one-to-one with the implantation point location, ensuring precise matching of the passage and injection point.

[0060] The flexible tubing in the quick-connect module is a steel wire braided reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene hose with an inner diameter of 6mm, a working pressure of ≥5MPa, and a length of 3m, 5m, or 8m depending on the on-site rescue distance, to avoid inconvenience caused by insufficient or excessive tubing length; after connection, the airtightness of the sealed flow channel can be confirmed by a simple pressure test to prevent leakage of the control agent during subsequent injection.

[0061] In this embodiment, in step S4, after the circuit connection is completed, the power supply of the intelligent control module is turned on, and the injection system automatically performs self-checks on the opening and closing status of the solenoid valve, the pressure of the main circuit, the liquid level of the control agent storage tank, and the electrical connection status; after the self-check is passed, the injection system enters the injection-ready state.

[0062] Specifically, after completing the connection, the intelligent control module is powered on, and the injection system automatically checks the opening and closing status of the solenoid valves: checking whether all normally closed two-position two-way solenoid valves are closed, and whether there is any jamming or malfunction. The main line pressure is checked: whether the nitrogen drive pressure is within the range of 2.5MPa±0.1MPa, and whether the output pressure of the control agent is within the adjustable range of 1-4MPa. The control agent storage tank level is confirmed: the remaining amount is confirmed to be ≥30% through the built-in level sensor. The electrical connection is self-checked: the communication link between the controller and the sensors and solenoid valves is checked for continuity, and whether there are any broken wires or poor contacts. After the self-check passes, the touchscreen of the intelligent control module displays a green "ready" status, accompanied by a buzzer sound, and the injection system enters the injection standby state. If an abnormality is found during the self-check, the system automatically issues a red alarm signal and locks the injection function. Troubleshooting is required, such as replenishing nitrogen, repairing the solenoid valves, reconnecting the wiring, and re-performing the self-check until it passes.

[0063] In this embodiment, in step S5, based on the risk assessment results, the intelligent control module selects a matching injection mode from the injection strategy library and sends an instruction to the allocation and management module to drive the corresponding solenoid valve to open according to the set parameters, thereby realizing the targeted injection of the control agent.

[0064] Specifically, based on the risk assessment results, the system selects a matching injection mode from the injection strategy library through the touch screen human-machine interface of the intelligent control module; sends control commands to the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module to drive the fast-response solenoid valve of the corresponding channel with a response time ≤50ms, and opens it according to the set parameters, including injection pressure, flow rate, and opening sequence, to achieve targeted injection of the prevention and control preparation.

[0065] Among them, the injection strategy library includes three preset modes: when the risk assessment result is the initial fire of a single module, the outbreak mode is selected, and the solenoid valves of all channels are opened at the same time to inject at a maximum flow rate of 8L / min per channel.

[0066] When the risk assessment result is a multi-module cascading fire, select the sequential mode and control the solenoid valves of each channel to open in a preset order, such as from the upper layer of the battery cluster to the lower layer, or from the core fire source to the surrounding diffusion area, with each channel injecting for a set duration.

[0067] When the risk assessment results indicate a deep combustion fire involving a large-capacity battery, the pulse mode is selected, and the solenoid valve is controlled to cycle through opening and closing at a frequency of 0.5-2Hz to form a pulsed injection.

[0068] In this embodiment, in step S6, the fire extinguishing effect is evaluated by observing the changes in the fire situation through a thermal imager; based on the fire extinguishing effect, combined with the monitoring data collected in real time by the sensor array, the injection parameters of the injection system are automatically or manually adjusted.

[0069] Specifically, thermal imagers are used to observe changes in the surface temperature of the battery container and the extinguishing status of open flames. These visual changes in the fire situation are then used to assess the fire extinguishing effect. Based on the fire extinguishing effect, and combined with real-time monitoring data collected by the sensor array, including flow rates in each pathway (accuracy ±2%), main road pressure (data refreshed once per second), and the liquid level in the control agent storage tank, the remaining injection time is calculated in real time. The injection parameters of the injection system are then adjusted.

[0070] The adjustment methods include automatic and manual adjustment: the system automatically handles abnormal situations through preset algorithms. For example, if a sudden drop in flow in a certain channel is detected, the system determines that the pipeline is blocked and immediately closes the corresponding solenoid valve. Operators can manually adjust the injection pressure, switch the injection mode, or extend the injection time of a specific channel based on the observation results and monitoring data of the thermal imager to ensure the best fire extinguishing effect and avoid incomplete fire extinguishing in some areas due to fixed parameters.

[0071] In this embodiment, in step S7, after confirming that the fire is under control based on the monitoring data and after confirmation by the on-site operator, the injection is stopped and the solenoid valve is closed through the intelligent control module; after the injection stops, the equipment is tidied up and reset.

[0072] Specifically, after confirming the fire is under control based on the monitoring data and after on-site verification by the operators, the system closes all solenoid valves by clicking the "Stop Injection" button on the touchscreen of the intelligent control module. After injection stops, the main valve of the fire control agent storage tank is closed, and the system pressure relief valve is opened to slowly release pressure at a rate of 0.5 MPa / min until the system pressure drops to atmospheric pressure. Each quick-release male connector is unlocked sequentially, and the lever unlocking mechanism is operated with one hand to disconnect the connection with the quick-release interface. At this time, the self-sealing valve of the quick-release interface automatically closes. The equipment is cleaned and reset, and the injection data, including injection time, agent consumption, and pressure change curve, is recorded in the intelligent control module. The fire control agent storage tank is replenished with fire control agent to the rated capacity, and nitrogen is added to a driving pressure of 2.5 MPa. Dust and residual agent on the surface of the quick-release male connectors and flexible pipelines are cleaned, and the seals of the quick-release male connectors and the integrity of the flexible pipelines are checked. After confirming that there is no damage, all equipment is put back in place for the next emergency use.

[0073] In one possible implementation, three different scenario examples are provided below:

[0074] Application Scenario 1:

[0075] In the scenario of thermal runaway of a single battery module in new energy passenger vehicles (such as family sedans and compact SUVs), the specific scenario is thermal runaway of a single battery module caused by a collision while the vehicle is in motion, overcharging during charging, or a short circuit. The fire is in its initial stage and no chain reaction has occurred. It is only necessary to quickly suppress the local fire source to prevent it from spreading to the entire vehicle battery pack and body.

[0076] System Configuration:

[0077] Quick-connect module: It uses two sets of dedicated quick-connect male connectors with 3m high-pressure resistant flexible tubing. The tubing is made of steel wire braided reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene with an inner diameter of 6mm and a working pressure of ≥5MPa. The tubing ends are equipped with rotary quick-connect fittings to prevent tubing from twisting during connection.

[0078] Prevention and control preparation distribution and management module: It adopts a 4-channel stainless steel one-piece molded distribution manifold, and is equipped with a 40L pressure-resistant steel cylinder as the prevention and control preparation storage tank. The storage tank is pre-filled with nitrogen to drive the pressure to 2.5MPa. The built-in liquid level sensor monitors the remaining amount of preparation in real time. The module integrates a pilot-operated pressure reducing valve with an adjustable output pressure range of 1-4MPa and an accuracy of ±0.1MPa.

[0079] Intelligent control module: Enables burst mode in injection strategy library, sets injection pressure to 2.0MPa, and system single-channel maximum flow rate to 8L / min, ensuring large dose injection in a short time.

[0080] Detailed operation steps:

[0081] T11. Fire Identification and Location: By using the thermal runaway alarm signal of the passenger vehicle battery management system, combined with on-site smoke detection and handheld thermal imaging, the thermal runaway location of a single battery module can be quickly confirmed, and the specific module area inside the vehicle chassis battery pack can be located. It can be assessed that the fire has not spread and there is no obvious risk of flammable gas accumulation.

[0082] T12. Injection point implantation: Using a firing device, implant two quick-connect interfaces with self-sealing valves on the outer shell of the battery housing adjacent to the ignition module, avoiding the high-voltage wiring harness and structural reinforcing ribs. The interfaces are spaced 15cm apart and are close to the core area of ​​the thermal runaway source.

[0083] T13. System Connection: Take two sets of quick docking modules, align the quick male connectors with the female ports of the two implantation interfaces respectively, and push them forward smoothly along the central axis. When you hear a "click" sound, confirm that the lever locking mechanism is locked. The pin inside the male connector will simultaneously open the interface self-sealing valve. Connect the other end of the flexible tube to outlets 1 and 2 of the 4-channel distribution manifold through a rotary quick connector.

[0084] T14. System self-test: Power on the intelligent control module. The system automatically detects the opening and closing status of the solenoid valve and the nitrogen driving pressure, ensuring that they are within the range of 2.4-2.6MPa. The liquid level of the 40L storage tank and the integrity of the electrical connections are also checked. After the self-test is passed, the touch screen displays a green "ready" status and emits a buzzer prompt.

[0085] T15. Injection Execution: The operator selects the burst mode via the touch screen, confirms the injection pressure of 2.0MPa, and clicks "Start". Within 50ms, the system simultaneously opens the fast-response solenoid valves of outlets 1 and 2, and the control agent is injected into the two ports at a maximum flow rate of 8L / min per channel, for a total injection of 8L of control agent. The injection operation is completed within 30 seconds.

[0086] T16. Fire Confirmation and System Reset: Observe the surface temperature of the battery pack using a thermal imager to confirm that the open flame is completely extinguished, the temperature has dropped below 80℃, and the fire is under control; close the main valve of the storage tank, depressurize to atmospheric pressure at a rate of 0.5MPa / min, unlock the quick-connect male connector to disconnect the connection, and record the injection data; replenish the control agent to 40L of rated capacity, replenish nitrogen to 2.5MPa driving pressure, clean the male connector and pipeline seals, and return to the original position.

[0087] Application Scenario 2:

[0088] Fires in containerized energy storage battery clusters in centralized or distributed energy storage power stations are caused by multiple battery modules within the cluster experiencing aging or abnormal charging and discharging management, leading to a chain reaction of thermal runaway. The fire spreads along the height of the battery cluster, requiring layered containment to prevent the fire from spreading to adjacent battery clusters and ensuring the overall safety of the energy storage power station. This method is suitable for large-capacity energy storage battery systems of 100kWh or more.

[0089] System Configuration:

[0090] Quick-connect module: It uses 6 sets of dedicated quick-connect male connectors with 5m high-pressure resistant flexible tubing. The tubing burst pressure is ≥15MPa and the minimum bending radius is 100mm. It can flexibly adapt to the connection requirements of the battery cluster height direction.

[0091] Prevention and control preparation distribution and management module: It adopts an 8-channel distribution manifold and uses an 80L pressure-resistant steel cylinder as the prevention and control preparation storage tank. The storage tank has a built-in liquid level sensor. The pressure regulation and monitoring unit integrated in the module can accurately control the output pressure and the flow balance is ±5%.

[0092] Intelligent control module: Enables sequential mode in the injection strategy library, sets the injection duration of each channel to 2 minutes, and the injection pressure to 2.5MPa, and supports controlling the opening and closing of solenoid valves in each channel in a preset order.

[0093] Detailed operation steps:

[0094] T21. Fire Identification and Location: By acquiring abnormal temperature and voltage data of the battery cluster through the energy storage power station monitoring system, and combining it with a thermal imager for comprehensive scanning, the location of the thermal runaway modules in the upper, middle and lower layers of the battery cluster is located. It is assessed that the fire has formed a chain spread and that multiple points of layered injection are needed to block it.

[0095] T22. Injection Point Implantation: Using a firing device, six quick interfaces are implanted in the outer shell of the battery housing at each height layer of the battery cluster, with two interfaces per layer. The interfaces are all located in the upper area corresponding to the thermal runaway module of each layer, avoiding structural reinforcing ribs and high-voltage lines, to ensure that the agent can diffuse with gas convection.

[0096] T23. System Connection: Use 6 sets of quick docking modules to connect and lock the quick male connectors to the 6 implantation interfaces one by one. The other end of the flexible tubing is connected to outlets 1-6 of the 8-channel distribution manifold via a rotary quick connector. Each outlet number corresponds to the height layer of the implantation point.

[0097] T24. System self-test: Power on the intelligent control module. The system automatically detects the status of the 8 solenoid valves, nitrogen drive pressure, 80L storage tank level, and communication link. After passing the self-test, it enters the injection waiting state.

[0098] T25. Injection Execution: The operator selects the sequential mode via the touchscreen and sets the injection order as upper layer (channels 1 and 2), middle layer (channels 3 and 4), and lower layer (channels 5 and 6). The injection time for each channel is 2 minutes, and the injection pressure is 2.5 MPa. After clicking "Start", the system opens the solenoid valves of each channel in the set order to achieve layered injection and ensure that the control agent evenly covers all thermal runaway modules.

[0099] T26. Fire Confirmation and System Reset: After 12 minutes of injection, observe through a thermal imager that the temperature of each layer has dropped to a safe range and the open flame has been completely extinguished, confirming that the fire is under control; close the main valve of the storage tank, slowly depressurize to atmospheric pressure, and disconnect all quick docking module connections; record the injection data; replenish the control agent to 80L of rated capacity, check the integrity of the solenoid valve and pipeline, and then return it to its original position.

[0100] Application Scenario 3:

[0101] Fires involving large-capacity battery systems in electric heavy trucks, electric buses, and electric sanitation vehicles are caused by the battery system burning completely due to prolonged high-load use, collisions, or electrolyte leaks. The battery pack structure is compact, and traditional continuous injection methods are difficult to penetrate deep fire sources. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the penetrability of the control agents to adapt to large-capacity battery systems of 200-500kWh.

[0102] System Configuration:

[0103] Quick-connect module: It uses 4 sets of dedicated quick-connect male connectors with 5m high-pressure resistant flexible tubing to meet the connection requirements of commercial vehicle battery systems with large space.

[0104] Prevention and control preparation distribution and management module: It adopts a 6-channel distribution manifold, with two 80L pressure-resistant steel cylinders connected in parallel as prevention and control preparation storage tanks to increase the storage capacity of the preparations to meet the needs of large-volume injection; the module pressure adjustment range is 1-4MPa, which can stably output high-pressure preparations.

[0105] Intelligent control module: Enables the pulse mode in the injection strategy library, sets the pulse frequency to 1Hz and the injection pressure to 3.0MPa, and enhances the penetration capability of the control agent through pressure fluctuation.

[0106] Detailed operation steps:

[0107] T31. Fire Identification and Location: By observing the alarm signals of the commercial vehicle battery management system and the open flames on site, confirm that the battery system is burning completely. Use a thermal imager to locate the core burning area of ​​the battery system. Assess the intensity of the fire and the compact structure of the PACK, which requires enhanced penetration of the chemical agents.

[0108] T32. Injection point implantation: Using a firing device, four quick interfaces are implanted at the four corners and center of the battery system. The interfaces are all close to the core combustion area and avoid high-voltage wiring harnesses and critical structural parts to ensure unobstructed injection paths.

[0109] T33. System Connection: Use 4 sets of quick docking modules to dock and lock the quick male connectors with the 4 implantation interfaces. Connect the other end of the flexible pipeline to outlets 1-4 of the 6-channel distribution manifold. Connect 2 80L storage tanks in parallel to the inlet of the distribution manifold to ensure an adequate supply of medicine.

[0110] T34. System self-test: Power on the intelligent control module. The system checks the status of the 6 solenoid valves, the nitrogen drive pressure of the parallel storage tank, the liquid level of the storage tank, and the electrical connection. After confirming that there are no abnormalities, it enters the injection waiting state.

[0111] T35. Injection Execution: The operator selects the pulse mode via the touchscreen, sets the pulse frequency to 1Hz and the injection pressure to 3.0MPa, and clicks "Start". After that, the system drives the solenoid valves of channels 1-4 to cycle on and off at a frequency of 1Hz to form a pulse injection, which enhances the penetration ability of the control agent in the compact PACK structure. The total injection volume is 60L.

[0112] T36. Fire Confirmation and System Reset: After injection, observe the battery system temperature continuously decreasing and the open flame extinguished using a thermal imager to confirm that the fire is under control; close the main valve of the storage tank, slowly depressurize to atmospheric pressure, and disconnect the quick docking module; record the injection data; replenish the two storage tanks with the control agent to the rated capacity, replenish nitrogen to 2.5MPa, and check the integrity of the quick connectors, pipelines, and seals before returning them to their original positions.

[0113] Example 2

[0114] See Figure 4Embodiment 2 of the present invention also provides a rapid injection system for fire prevention agents for electrochemical energy storage batteries, including an intelligent control module, a prevention agent distribution and management module, and a rapid docking module;

[0115] The prevention and control agent distribution and management module is used to provide power for the storage and transportation of prevention and control agents, including a prevention and control agent storage tank, a pressure regulation and monitoring unit, a multi-channel distribution manifold and a fast-response solenoid valve; during the injection of prevention and control agents, the prevention and control agents are diverted through the distribution manifold and sent to the fast docking module through multiple outputs.

[0116] Specifically, the core component of the multi-channel distribution manifold is a one-piece stainless steel distribution manifold with one inlet and 4-8 independently controlled outlets. Each outlet of the fast-response solenoid valve is equipped with a normally closed 2-position 2-way solenoid valve with a response time of <50ms and a lifespan of >100,000 cycles.

[0117] The pressure regulation and monitoring unit is equipped with a pilot-operated pressure reducing valve at the inlet, with an adjustable output pressure range of 1-4 MPa; an integrated pressure sensor monitors the system pressure in real time. The storage tank for the preventive preparation is a standard 40L or 80L pressure-resistant steel cylinder, pre-filled with nitrogen to drive a pressure of 2.5 MPa, and has a built-in liquid level sensor.

[0118] The intelligent control module, serving as the central hub of the injection system, includes an ARM-based main controller, an injection strategy library, and a touchscreen human-machine interface. The main controller sends control commands to the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module and receives real-time pressure and valve status data from the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module, thereby achieving centralized control and status monitoring.

[0119] In this embodiment, the quick docking module is connected to the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module through the flexible pipeline; and docks with the quick interface on the battery housing through the quick male connector.

[0120] Specifically, the quick-connect male connector is specially designed to match the quick-connect female connector of the implant. It employs a one-handed lever locking mechanism, with a connection time of less than 3 seconds. An internal ejector mechanism automatically opens the implant's self-sealing valve upon connection.

[0121] The high-pressure resistant flexible tubing uses steel wire braided reinforced PTFE hose with an inner diameter of 6mm and a working pressure ≥5MPa. Standard lengths of 3m, 5m, and 8m are available. The pipe end fittings are rotary quick-connect fittings to prevent pipe kinking.

[0122] In this embodiment, the performance parameters of some components are shown in Table 1:

[0123]

[0124] Table 1 Component Performance Parameters

[0125] In this embodiment, each outlet of the multi-path distribution manifold is marked with a unique number, which corresponds one-to-one with the location of the fast interface.

[0126] In this embodiment, the quick-connect male uses a lever locking mechanism; the quick-connect interface is an interface with a self-sealing valve; when the quick-connect male is connected to the quick-connect interface, the pin mechanism inside the quick-connect male triggers the self-sealing valve of the quick-connect interface to open, forming a sealed flow channel for the prevention and control preparation; the flexible connector is connected to the corresponding outlet of the prevention and control preparation distribution and management module through a rotary quick-connect fitting.

[0127] In this embodiment, the injection modes in the injection strategy library include burst mode, sequential mode, and pulse mode;

[0128] When the risk assessment result indicates an initial fire in a single module, select the outbreak mode and control the solenoid valves of all channels to open simultaneously, injecting the control agent at maximum flow rate.

[0129] When the risk assessment result is a multi-module cascading fire, select the sequential mode, control the solenoid valves of each passage to open in the set order, and inject the prevention and control agent for the set duration.

[0130] When the risk assessment indicates a deep combustion fire in a large-capacity battery, select the pulse mode and control the solenoid valve to cycle on and off at a set frequency to inject the control agent in a pulse manner.

[0131] In this embodiment, after the injection system is powered on, the main controller performs a self-check to confirm whether the solenoid valve is normally closed, whether there is any jamming or malfunction; it performs a self-check to confirm whether the nitrogen driving pressure in the main circuit is within the set pressure range and whether the output pressure of the control agent is within the set adjustable range; it performs a self-check to confirm whether the remaining liquid level in the control agent storage tank has a set threshold; and it confirms the electrical connection of the communication links between the controller, sensors, and solenoid valves.

[0132] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid injection of a fire prevention control agent for an electrochemical energy storage battery, characterized in that, The application relates to a fire extinguishing system for electrochemical energy storage batteries. The system comprises: a battery management system alarm signal, a field detection device or a thermal imager to confirm that a fire has occurred in an electrochemical energy storage battery and to locate the position of the thermal runaway battery module in the battery container to obtain the fire location; the system assesses the fire development stage and the combustible gas accumulation risk to obtain a risk assessment result; based on the fire location and the risk assessment result, a quick interface is implanted at a set position of the battery container shell using a firing device; according to the number of the quick interfaces, a corresponding number of quick connection modules are taken; the quick male head of the quick connection module is connected to the female port of the quick interface to establish a sealed flow channel; the other end of the flexible pipeline of each quick connection module is connected to the corresponding outlet of the fire control agent distribution and management module; after the connection is completed, the power supply of the intelligent control module is started, and the injection system automatically checks the opening and closing state of the electromagnetic valve, the main road pressure, the fire control agent tank liquid level and the electrical connection; after the self-checking is passed, the injection system enters a waiting injection state; according to the risk assessment result, the intelligent control module selects a matched injection mode from an injection strategy library and sends an instruction to the fire control agent distribution and management module to drive the corresponding passage electromagnetic valve to open according to the set parameters, so that the fire control agent is injected in a directional manner; the fire extinguishing effect is evaluated by observing the fire change through the thermal imager; based on the fire extinguishing effect, the injection parameters of the injection system are automatically or manually adjusted according to the monitoring data collected by the sensor array in real time; 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, after the fire is controlled according to the monitoring data and confirmed by the field operator, the intelligent control module stops the injection and closes the electromagnetic valve; after the injection is stopped, the equipment is arranged and reset.

3. A method of rapid injection of a fire control agent for an electrochemical energy storage cell according to claim 2, characterized in that In the process of implanting the quick interface at the set position of the battery container shell, the set position meets the conditions of being close to the thermal runaway battery module, being located at the upper part of the battery container and avoiding the main structural reinforcing rib and the high-voltage wire harness of the battery container; the quick interface is a self-sealing valve interface.

4. A method of rapid injection of a fire control agent for an electrochemical energy storage cell according to claim 3, characterized in that The quick connection module comprises a quick male head and a flexible pipeline; the quick male head adopts a lever locking mechanism; after being connected to the quick interface, a thimble mechanism in the quick male head triggers the self-sealing valve of the quick interface to open, so that a fire control agent sealed flow channel is formed; one end of the flexible pipeline is connected to the quick male head, and the other end is connected to the corresponding outlet of the fire control agent distribution and management module through a rotary quick plug connector.

5. A method of rapid injection of a fire control agent for an electrochemical energy storage cell according to claim 4, characterized in that The outlets of the fire control agent distribution and management module are marked with unique numbers and correspond to the positions of the quick interfaces one by one. In the process of selecting a matched injection mode from an injection strategy library through the intelligent control module, the injection mode comprises an outbreak mode; 6. A method of rapid injection of a fire control agent for an electrochemical energy storage cell according to claim 5, characterized in that when the risk assessment result is a single-module initial fire, the outbreak mode is selected, and the electromagnetic valves of all passages are simultaneously opened to inject the fire control agent at the maximum flow. In the process of selecting a matched injection mode from an injection strategy library through the intelligent control module, the injection mode comprises a sequential mode; When the risk assessment result is a multi-module interlocking fire, a sequential mode is selected, and each passage electromagnetic valve is opened in a set order and injects the fire control agent for a set time.

7. A method of rapid injection of a fire control agent for an electrochemical energy storage cell according to claim 6, characterized in that In the process of selecting a matched injection mode from the injection strategy library by the intelligent control module, the injection mode includes a pulse mode; When the risk assessment result is a large-capacity battery deep combustion fire, a pulse mode is selected, and the electromagnetic valve is controlled to cycle on and off at a set frequency to inject the fire control agent in a pulse mode.

8. A method of rapid injection of a fire control agent for an electrochemical energy storage cell according to claim 7, characterized in that In the process of automatically checking the opening and closing state of the electromagnetic valve, the main road pressure, the fire control agent tank level, and the electrical connection of the injection system, it is confirmed whether the electromagnetic valve is in a normally closed state, whether there is jamming or misoperation; it is confirmed whether the nitrogen driving pressure in the main road is in the set pressure range and whether the fire control agent output pressure is in the set adjustable range; it is confirmed whether the remaining amount of the fire control agent tank level is set to a threshold value; and the communication link of the controller, sensor, and electromagnetic valve is confirmed for electrical connection.

9. A method of rapid injection of a fire control agent for an electrochemical energy storage cell according to claim 8, characterized in that In the process of arranging and resetting the equipment, the injection data is recorded by the controller, the fire control agent is supplemented to the rated capacity of the tank, the nitrogen driving pressure is supplemented to the set pressure, the quick male head and the flexible pipeline are cleaned and the integrity of the sealing element is checked, and the equipment is returned to the home position after the arrangement is completed.

10. A system for the rapid injection of a fire-prevention and control agent for electrochemical energy storage batteries, for use in a method for the rapid injection of a fire-prevention and control agent for electrochemical energy storage batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises: The injection system comprises an intelligent control module, a fire control agent distribution and management module, and a quick docking module. The fire control agent distribution and management module is used for providing fire control agent storage and conveying power, and comprises a fire control agent tank, a pressure regulation and monitoring unit, a multi-pass distribution manifold, and a quick response electromagnetic valve; in the process of injecting the fire control agent, the fire control agent is distributed by the distribution manifold and then sent to the quick docking module through multiple outputs; The intelligent control module serves as the center of the injection system, and comprises an ARM architecture-based main controller, an injection strategy library, and a touch screen human-machine interface; the main controller sends control instructions to the fire control agent distribution and management module and receives real-time pressure and valve state data fed back by the fire control agent distribution and management module, so as to realize centralized control and state monitoring; The quick docking module is connected to the fire control agent distribution and management module through the flexible pipeline; and is docked with the quick interface on the battery container through the quick male head.

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