Electrically-driven nanometer gun based on confinement aqueous solution

Abstract

The invention provides an electrically-driven nanometer gun based on a confined water solution. The electrically-driven nanometer gun comprises a nanometer substrate, a constraint guide pipe, the confined water solution and a carrying object. The nanometer substrate is fixed to one side of the restraining guide pipe, so that one side of the restraining guide pipe is of a closed structure, and the other side of the restraining guide pipe is of an open structure. The constraint guide pipe is used for accommodating and guiding the one-way movement of the confined water solution; the closed side in the constraint guide pipe is filled with the confinement water solution, and the confinement water solution is used as a propellant; the device has the advantages of being high in energy efficiency and speed, the limited fluid is excited by an external pulse control electric field, instantaneous huge thrust good in directionality and high in energy density can be generated, and the device has the advantages of being high in energy efficiency and high in speed. Picosecond-level quick response and high-speed injection of the nanometer load are achieved, and the requirement for quick and accurate driving of substances under the nanometer scale is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of ultra-micro technology and micro / nano fluid technology, and in particular to an electrically driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution. Background Technology

[0002] Nanoscale material transport phenomena are widespread in fields such as biomedicine, energy conversion, and environmental governance, and are a hot topic in current experimental and theoretical research. Achieving precise and controllable transport of matter at the nanoscale is the core driving force for the development of cutting-edge technologies such as targeted drug delivery and nanofabrication. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the research and application of low-dimensional materials, especially carbon nanotubes and graphene. Due to their excellent electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, they have become the cornerstone of nanotechnology development. Nanochannels, represented by carbon nanotubes, have shown great application potential in fields such as drug delivery, seawater desalination, and biosensing, and are ideal building blocks for nanogun cavity structures.

[0003] Traditional nanomaterial transport devices suffer from slow response speed (mostly above nanosecond), low jetting speed, and poor controllability, making it difficult to meet the high precision and high flexibility requirements of cutting-edge technologies such as targeted drug delivery and nano-3D printing for material transport. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes an electrically driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution to address the problems of slow response speed, low jetting speed, and poor controllability of traditional nanomaterial transport devices mentioned in the background art, which make it difficult to meet the high precision and high flexibility requirements of material transport in cutting-edge technologies such as targeted drug delivery and nano-3D printing.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: An electrically driven nanogun based on a confined aqueous solution includes a nanosubstrate, a confined guiding tube, a confined aqueous solution, and a carrier. The nanosubstrate is fixed to one side of the confined guiding tube, making one side of the confined guiding tube a closed structure and the other side of the confined guiding tube an open structure. The confined aqueous solution fills the closed side of the confined guiding tube, and the carrier is placed on the open side of the confined guiding tube. By applying an external pulsed control electric field, the confined aqueous solution can be induced to generate directional volume expansion or directional jet, thereby propelling the carrier to be ejected at high speed.

[0006] Preferably, the nano-substrate is a graphene sheet.

[0007] Preferably, the constrained guide tube is a carbon nanotube, the diameter of the constrained guide tube is 1-10 nm, and the length of the constrained guide tube is 10-200 nm.

[0008] Preferably, the confined aqueous solution is a polar aqueous solution, preferably a sodium chloride solution, and the preferred concentration range of the sodium chloride solution is 0.01–2 mol / L.

[0009] Preferably, the confined aqueous solution is pure water.

[0010] Preferably, the carrier is a hollow nanocapsule, and the diameter of the carrier is smaller than the diameter of the constraint guide tube.

[0011] Preferably, the direction of the external pulse control electric field is parallel to the axial direction of the constraint guide tube.

[0012] Preferably, the confined guide tube is used to accommodate and guide the unidirectional movement of the confined aqueous solution.

[0013] Preferably, the confined aqueous solution is used as a propellant.

[0014] Preferably, the carrier is used to load the material to be transported.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention features high energy efficiency and high speed. By applying an external pulse control electric field to excite a confined fluid, it can generate a huge instantaneous thrust with good directionality and high energy density, achieving picosecond-level rapid response and high-speed jetting of nano-loads, thus meeting the need for rapid and precise driving of matter at the nanoscale.

[0016] This invention is programmable; by selecting different types of confined aqueous solutions, the jet velocity can be actively adjusted, thereby achieving a wide range of control over the exit velocity of the transported goods.

[0017] This invention achieves precise control of the final velocity of the jet on a picosecond timescale by regulating the intensity and duration of the external pulse control electric field, thus realizing nanometer-level precision operation.

[0018] This invention increases the launch velocity of the carrier to the Å / ps level through the synergistic effect of confined aqueous solution and pulsed electric field. At the nanoscale, the launch velocity and release accuracy of the carrier can be effectively controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the electric field, the magnitude of the electric field strength, and the geometry of the nanocavity. This mechanism greatly enhances the controllability and environmental adaptability of the electrically driven nanogun. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electrically driven nanogun structure based on confined aqueous solution of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the test results of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the test results for Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the test results in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0021] in: 1. Nano-substrate; 2. Confined guide tube; 3. Confined aqueous solution; 4. Carrier; 5. Externally applied pulsed control electric field. Implementation The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an electrically driven nanogun based on a confined aqueous solution, comprising a nanosubstrate 1, a confined guide tube 2, a confined aqueous solution 3, and a carrier 4; The nano-substrate 1 is fixed to one side of the constraint guide tube 2, making one side of the constraint guide tube 2 a closed structure and the other side of the constraint guide tube 2 an open structure; the constraint guide tube 2 is used to accommodate and guide the unidirectional movement of the confined aqueous solution 3; the confined aqueous solution 3 fills the closed side of the constraint guide tube 2 and is used as a propellant; the carrier 4 is placed on the open side of the constraint guide tube 2 and is used to load the material to be transported; By applying an external pulse control electric field 5, the confined aqueous solution 3 can be induced to produce directional volume expansion or directional jet, thereby propelling the carrier 4 to be ejected at high speed.

[0023] The nano-substrate 1 is a graphene sheet, preferably a bilayer graphene sheet.

[0024] The confined guide tube 2 is a carbon nanotube with a diameter of 1-10 nm and a length of 10-200 nm. The atomically smooth inner wall of the carbon nanotube provides a super-lubricated environment for the internal confined aqueous solution 3. One side of the carbon nanotube is sealed by the nano-substrate 1 to ensure unidirectional jetting of the confined aqueous solution 3.

[0025] The confined aqueous solution 3 is a polar aqueous solution, preferably a sodium chloride solution. The preferred concentration range of the sodium chloride solution is 0.01–2 mol / L. Under the action of the external pulsed control electric field 5, the sodium chloride solution generates a directional jet through the electrophoretic dragging of hydrated ions, which propels the carrier 4 to be ejected at high speed.

[0026] The confined aqueous solution was selected as pure water three times. Under the action of the external pulsed control electric field 5, the dipole moment of the pure water was oriented and the internal hydrogen bond network was reconstructed, thereby generating directional volume expansion and being sprayed along the axial direction of the confined guide tube 2.

[0027] The carrier 4 is a hollow nanocapsule. The diameter of the carrier 4 is smaller than the diameter of the constraint guide tube 2. By making the diameter of the carrier 4 smaller than the diameter of the constraint guide tube 2, this setting can ensure that no jamming occurs during the ejection of the carrier 4.

[0028] The direction of the external pulse control electric field 5 is parallel to the axis of the constraint guide tube 2. This setting maximizes the thrust exerted by the confined aqueous solution 3 on the carrier 4.

[0029] The working principle of this invention is: In the initial state, all components are in equilibrium, and the confined aqueous solution 3 remains stable inside the confined guide tube 2. During operation, by applying an external pulse control electric field 5 along the axial direction of the confined guide tube 2, the confined aqueous solution 3 is induced to expand in a directional volume or generate a directional jet, thereby generating a strong directional instantaneous thrust that propels the carrier 4 out at high speed along the axial direction of the confined guide tube 2, achieving precise and controllable release of the carrier 4.

[0030] When the confined aqueous solution 3 is pure water, directional volume expansion is generated by adjusting the dipole moment of water molecules and reconstructing the hydrogen bond network of water clusters under the action of the external pulsed control electric field 5. When the confined aqueous solution 3 is sodium chloride solution, directional jet is generated by the electrophoretic dragging of hydrated ions under the action of the external pulsed control electric field 5. By precisely controlling the intensity and duration of the external pulsed control electric field 5 and the composition of the confined aqueous solution 3, precise control of the jetting speed, jetting time and jetting direction of the carrier 4 can be achieved.

[0031] Example 1 In this embodiment, the electrically driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution provided by the present invention has a confined guide tube 2 that is a single-walled carbon nanotube with a diameter of 5.4 nm and a length of 12 nm; a nano-substrate 1 that is a bilayer graphene sheet that seals the bottom of the confined guide tube 2; a confined aqueous solution 3 that is pure water; and a carrier 4 that is a hollow nanocapsule. First, the system reaches equilibrium at room temperature. Then, an external pulsed control electric field 5 is applied along the axial direction of the confined guide tube 2, the axial displacement of the carrier 4 is recorded, and its exit velocity is calculated.

[0032] Please refer to the test results. Figure 2 When a pulsed electric field of 11 V / nm is applied, the confined water molecules undergo dipole moment orientation under the action of the strong electric field, and reconstruct the hydrogen bond network inside the water mass, resulting in directional volume expansion, thereby pushing the carrier 4 above the confined aqueous solution 3 out of the nozzle at high speed.

[0033] Test results show that the electrically driven nanogun described in this invention can achieve an exit velocity in the Å / ps range, verifying the high-speed jetting capability of this invention when using pure water-confined aqueous solution as propellant.

[0034] Example 2: The structure of the electrically driven nanogun in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that the confined aqueous solution 3 is replaced with a 0.154 mol / L sodium chloride solution. Under the action of a pulsed electric field of 5 V / nm, the hydrated ions in the solution undergo electrophoretic migration driven by the electric field, generating a strong directional jet by viscous dragging the surrounding water molecules. The test results show that the exit velocity of the carrier 4 under this condition is significantly higher than the exit velocity of pure water under a higher electric field in Embodiment 1. This proves that by changing the type of confined aqueous solution 3, the exit velocity of the carrier 4 can be effectively controlled, demonstrating the programmable advantage of the electrically driven nanogun described in this invention.

[0035] Example 3: The device structure in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1. The difference is that the confined aqueous solution 3 is replaced with a 1.54 mol / L sodium chloride solution. During the test, the pulse time is kept constant and the electric field strength is increased from 4 V / nm to 5 V / nm. The exit velocity of the carrier 4 is significantly increased. This result verifies that the exit velocity of the carrier can be precisely controlled by adjusting the electric field parameters.

[0036] In summary, this invention features high energy efficiency and high speed. By applying an external pulse control electric field 5 to excite the confined fluid, it can generate a large instantaneous thrust with good directionality and high energy density, achieving picosecond-level rapid response and high-speed jetting of nano-loads, thus meeting the need for rapid and precise driving of matter at the nanoscale.

[0037] This invention is programmable. By selecting different types of confined aqueous solutions 3, the jet velocity can be actively adjusted to achieve a wide range of control over the exit velocity of the carrier 4.

[0038] This invention achieves precise control of the final velocity of the jet on a picosecond timescale by regulating the intensity and duration of the external pulse control electric field 5, thus realizing nanometer-level precision operation.

[0039] This invention can achieve precise control of the ejection velocity of the carrier 4 by adjusting the electric field parameters and the type of confined aqueous solution 3, and has application potential in fields such as targeted drug delivery and nanoscale 3D printing.

[0040] This invention increases the exit velocity of the carrier 4 to the Å / ps level through the synergistic effect of the confined aqueous solution 3 and the pulsed electric field. At the nanoscale, the launch velocity and release accuracy of the carrier 4 can be effectively controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the electric field, the magnitude of the electric field strength, and the geometry of the nanocavity. This mechanism greatly enhances the controllability and environmental adaptability of the electrically driven nanogun.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution, characterized in that: The application relates to a nano-transport device, which comprises a nano-substrate (1), a constraint guiding tube (2), a confined aqueous solution (3) and a carrier (4); the nano-substrate (1) is fixed on one side of the constraint guiding tube (2), so that one side of the constraint guiding tube (2) is a closed structure and the other side of the constraint guiding tube (2) is an open structure; the confined aqueous solution (3) is filled in the closed side of the constraint guiding tube (2), and the carrier (4) is arranged on the open side of the constraint guiding tube (2); by applying an external pulse control electric field (5), the confined aqueous solution (3) can be induced to generate directional volume expansion or directional jet flow, so as to push the carrier (4) to be ejected at high speed.

2. The electrically-driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein: The nano-substrate (1) is a graphene sheet.

3. The electrically-driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein: The constraint guiding tube (2) is a carbon nanotube, the tube diameter of the constraint guiding tube (2) is 1-10 nm, and the length of the constraint guiding tube (2) is 10-200 nm.

4. The electrically-driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein: The confined aqueous solution (3) is a polar aqueous solution, preferably a sodium chloride solution, and the preferred concentration of the sodium chloride solution is 0.01-2 mol / L.

5. The electrically-driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein: The confined aqueous solution (3) is pure water.

6. The electrically-driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein: The carrier (4) is a hollow nanocapsule, and the diameter of the carrier (4) is smaller than the tube diameter of the constraint guiding tube (2).

7. The electrically-driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein: The direction of the external pulse control electric field (5) is parallel to the axial direction of the constraint guiding tube (2).

8. The electrically-driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution according to claim 5, wherein: The constraint guiding tube (2) is used for containing and guiding the unidirectional movement of the confined aqueous solution (3).

9. The electrically-driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution according to claim 5, wherein: The confined aqueous solution (3) is used as a propellant.

10. The electrically-driven nanogun based on confined aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein: The carrier (4) is used for loading substances to be transported.

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