Mould temperature self-adaptive automatic mould closing equipment for paddle sand mould casting
By using an automatic mold closing device with adaptive mold temperature, and employing technologies such as ball linear guides and hydraulic cylinders, precise alignment and mold temperature control of the propeller sand mold are achieved. This solves the problems of large positioning errors and high scrap rates in large propeller sand mold casting, thereby improving production efficiency and safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing propeller sand casting equipment suffers from large mold positioning errors and high casting scrap rates. In particular, in large propeller sand casting, manual calibration errors are large, making it difficult to ensure positioning consistency and resulting in unstable casting quality.
The automatic mold closing equipment with adaptive mold temperature is adopted. It uses ball linear guides, hydraulic cylinders and adaptive adjustment devices, combined with laser displacement sensors and PLC controllers to achieve precise alignment of the upper and lower sand molds and mold temperature control. The adaptive adjustment device and clamping cylinder ensure the stable fixation of the sand mold.
It significantly improves mold closing and positioning accuracy, reduces casting scrap rate, increases production yield and equipment automation, enhances safety protection capabilities, and meets industrial production safety standards.
Smart Images
Figure CN121624408A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sand mold casting automation equipment, in particular to a mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing equipment for paddle sand mold casting. BACKGROUND
[0002] As a core component in the fields of ship propulsion and wind power generation, the quality of paddle casting directly affects the operating efficiency and safety of the whole machine. In the production of paddle sand mold casting, sand mold closing is one of the key processes, which needs to ensure the accurate alignment and stable fixation of the upper and lower sand molds, and strictly control the sand mold temperature. If the closing deviation is too large, it is easy to cause the paddle casting to have flash and misalignment, increasing the cost of subsequent polishing process. If the mold temperature control is unstable, it is easy to cause casting defects such as shrinkage cavity and crack, and even lead to casting scrap. Currently, the paddle sand mold closing in the industry mostly adopts traditional semi-automatic equipment or manual assisted closing mode, which has the following outstanding problems. The traditional mold closing equipment mostly uses ordinary sliding guide rails or guide columns for positioning, and the parallelism error of the guide rail is greater than or equal to 0.05mm / m. During mold closing, the operator needs to observe and manually adjust the position of the sand mold by naked eye, which not only has low efficiency, but also is difficult to ensure the consistency of positioning, especially for large paddle sand molds with a size of more than 1000mm, the manual calibration error often exceeds ±0.2mm, and the casting scrap rate is as high as 5%-8%. SUMMARY
[0003] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing equipment for paddle sand mold casting, which can solve the above problems.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing equipment for paddle sand mold casting, comprising a device base, an installation support is fixedly arranged on the device base, a lower mold seat for installing a lower sand mold is fixedly arranged on the installation support, an upper mold seat for installing an upper sand mold is installed on the installation support through a vertical displacement driving device, and the upper mold seat can move upward through the vertical displacement driving device to move the upper sand mold upward away from the lower sand mold, or the upper mold seat can move downward through the vertical displacement device to close the upper sand mold with the lower sand mold, and an adaptive automatic adjusting device for fine-tuning the upper mold seat is arranged at the connection between the driving end of the vertical displacement driving device and the upper mold seat.
[0005] Preferably, the vertical displacement driving device has the following structure: at least two ball linear guides are fixedly arranged on the installation support, and the sliding blocks in each linear guide are fixedly connected with the upper mold seat; a main hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the installation support, the end of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder is connected with the upper mold seat through the adaptive adjusting device, and the running track line of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the running track line of each sliding block.
[0006] Preferably, the adaptive automatic adjusting device is structured as follows: a joint bearing is fixedly connected at the end of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder, a main cylinder connecting seat is fixedly connected to the joint bearing, and the joint bearing and the main cylinder connecting seat are hingedly connected, and the main cylinder connecting seat is fixedly connected to the top of the upper die seat; Four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders are fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket, the piston rods of the four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders are fixed to the four corners of the upper die seat through respective corresponding auxiliary cylinder connecting seats, and the running track lines of the piston rods of the four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders are parallel to the running track line of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder; a pressure sensor is embedded and connected between each auxiliary hydraulic cylinder and the corresponding auxiliary cylinder connecting seat.
[0007] Preferably, the lower sand mold is fixed to the top of the lower die seat, the lower die seat is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the two equipment columns, and a first clamping cylinder is fixedly arranged at each of the four corners of the top of the lower die seat. The output end of each first clamping cylinder is fixedly connected with a first clamping arm, and a first buffer pad is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of each first clamping arm. When the first clamping arms on the four first clamping cylinders jointly clamp the lower sand mold, each first buffer pad is in contact with the lower sand mold. The upper sand mold is fixed to the bottom of the upper die seat, and a second clamping cylinder is fixedly arranged at each of the four corners of the bottom of the upper die seat. The output end of each second clamping cylinder is fixedly connected with a second clamping arm, and a second buffer pad is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of each second clamping arm. When the second clamping arms on the four second clamping cylinders jointly clamp the upper sand mold, each second buffer pad is in contact with the upper sand mold.
[0008] Preferably, the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are both L-shaped. The four first clamping arms are respectively located at the periphery of the four corners of the lower sand mold, and when the first clamping arms on the four first clamping cylinders jointly clamp the lower sand mold, each first clamping arm clamps the two side outer side walls at the corresponding corner of the lower sand mold. The four second clamping arms are respectively located at the periphery of the four corners of the upper sand mold, and when the second clamping arms on the four second clamping cylinders jointly clamp the upper sand mold, each second clamping arm clamps the two side outer side walls at the corresponding corner of the upper sand mold.
[0009] Preferably, the upper sand mold is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the upper die seat, at least three positioning columns are arranged on the outer side of the upper sand mold, the positioning columns are fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper die seat, the lower sand mold is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the lower die seat, at least three taper positioning pins are arranged on the outer side of the lower sand mold, the taper positioning pins are fixedly connected to the top of the lower die seat, and the positions of the taper positioning pins correspond to those of the positioning columns.
[0010] Preferably, at least one laser displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the upper die holder, and a height detection plate corresponding to the position of the laser displacement sensor is arranged on the lower die holder.
[0011] Preferably, L-shaped steel plates are fixedly connected to the two sides of the upper die holder near the sliding blocks, and an electromagnetic anti-falling device is fixedly connected to each of the two L-shaped steel plates, and the electromagnetic anti-falling device guide rail clamping groove is attached to the top surface and side surface of the ball linear guide rail.
[0012] Preferably, four light curtain stands are fixedly connected to the top surface of the equipment base at four corners, and an infrared safety light curtain is fixedly connected to each of the four light curtain stands.
[0013] Preferably, a PLC controller is fixedly connected to the outside bottom of the equipment stand, and the PLC controller is respectively connected to the laser displacement sensor, the pressure sensor, the infrared safety light curtain, the sand mold built-in temperature sensor, the electromagnetic anti-falling device, the first clamping cylinder, and the second clamping cylinder to receive distance, pressure, temperature, component state, and safety detection signals; and the PLC controller is also connected to the hydraulic valve group of the main hydraulic cylinder and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder, the first clamping cylinder, the second clamping cylinder, the electromagnetic anti-falling device, and the mold temperature self-adaptive module to control the lifting speed and locking force of the main hydraulic cylinder and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder, the clamping and loosening of the first clamping cylinder and the second clamping cylinder, the locking and releasing of the electromagnetic anti-falling device, and the self-adaptive regulation of the mold temperature, thereby realizing integrated control of automatic fixing of the sand mold, precise mold closing, mold temperature matching, and safety protection.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: 1. The mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing device for paddle sand mold casting significantly improves the mold positioning accuracy, eliminates the need for manual calibration, effectively reduces the casting rejection rate, and improves the quality stability and production yield of paddle castings.
[0015] 2. The mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing device for paddle sand mold casting improves the degree of automation of the equipment, shortens the single mold closing cycle, increases the number of operating equipment per person, and improves production efficiency, while strengthening safety protection capabilities, avoiding personnel injury and equipment operation risks in all directions, and meeting industrial production safety standards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing device for paddle sand mold casting of the present application; Figure 2 A left schematic diagram of the mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing device for paddle sand mold casting of the present application; Figure 3 It is a right schematic view of a paddle sand mold casting mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing equipment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a rear schematic view of a paddle sand mold casting mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing equipment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a bottom view schematic view of a paddle sand mold casting mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing equipment of the present application; Figure 6 It is an enlarged view of A in the present application; Figure 1 Figure 7 It is an enlarged view of B in the present application; Figure 1 Figure 8 It is an enlarged view of C in the present application; Figure 3 Figure 9 It is an enlarged view of D in the present application. Figure 5
[0017] Reference signs: 1, equipment base; 2, equipment stand; 3, equipment crossbeam; 4, light curtain stand; 5, infrared safety light curtain; 6, PLC controller; 7, lower mold base; 8, upper mold base; 9, main hydraulic cylinder; 10, auxiliary hydraulic cylinder; 11, main cylinder connecting seat; 12, knuckle bearing; 13, auxiliary cylinder connecting seat; 14, lower sand mold; 15, conical surface positioning pin; 16, positioning column; 17, laser displacement sensor; 18, sensor support plate; 19, ball linear guide rail; 20, sliding block; 21, buffer pad; 22, clamping arm; 23, clamping cylinder; 24, L-shaped steel plate; 25, electromagnetic fall arrestor; 26, pressure sensor; 27, upper sand mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] This part will describe the specific embodiments of the present application in detail, the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, the role of the drawings is to supplement the description of the text part with figures, so that people can intuitively and visually understand each technical feature and the overall technical scheme of the present application, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application.
[0019] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or position relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0020] In the description of the present application, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first, second is described only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, it cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.
[0021] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise expressly limited, the words arranged, installed, connected, etc. should be broadly understood, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-9 The present application provides a technical solution: a paddle sand mold casting mold temperature adaptive automatic mold closing equipment, including equipment base 1, equipment base 1 is fixedly provided with mounting bracket, the lower mold seat 7 for installing the lower sand mold 14 is fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket, the upper mold seat 8 for installing the upper sand mold 27 is installed on the mounting bracket through vertical displacement driving device, and the upper mold seat 8 can be moved upward by the vertical displacement driving device to make the upper sand mold 27 move upward away from the lower sand mold 14 or the upper mold seat 8 can be moved downward by the vertical displacement device to make the upper sand mold 27 and the lower sand mold 14 close; The adaptive automatic adjusting device for fine tuning the upper mold seat 8 is arranged at the connection between the driving end of the vertical displacement driving device and the upper mold seat 8, the structure of the vertical displacement driving device is: at least two ball linear guides 19 are fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket, the sliding block in each linear guide is fixedly connected with the upper mold seat 8, the main hydraulic cylinder 9 is fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket, the piston rod end of the main hydraulic cylinder 9 is connected with the upper mold seat 8 through the adaptive adjusting device, and the running track line of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder 9 is parallel to the running track line of each sliding block; The main hydraulic cylinder 9 is fixedly connected at the bottom center of the equipment beam 3, the main hydraulic cylinder 9 is of the model HOB125x1300-CA, the main hydraulic cylinder 9 receives the PLC instruction to drive the piston rod to stretch out and retract, drives the mold base to ascend and descend along the guide rail, and the main hydraulic cylinder 9 is connected on the bottom of the equipment beam 3 through a flange, the structure of the self-adaptive automatic adjusting device is that a knuckle bearing 12 is fixedly connected at the end of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder 9, a main cylinder connecting seat 11 is fixedly connected on the knuckle bearing 12, the knuckle bearing 12 and the main cylinder connecting seat 11 are hingedly connected, the main cylinder connecting seat 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper mold base 8, four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 10 are fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket, the auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 10 are of the model HOB63x1300-CA, cooperate with the main hydraulic cylinder 9 to adjust the levelness of the mold base, the piston rods of the four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 10 are all fixed to the four corners of the upper mold base 8 through the corresponding auxiliary cylinder connecting seats 13, and the running track lines of the piston rods of the four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 10 are parallel to the running track line of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder 9; a pressure sensor 26 is embedded and connected between each auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10 and the corresponding auxiliary cylinder connecting seat 13; The lower sand mold 14 is fixed to the top of the lower mold base 7, the lower mold base 7 is fixedly connected at the bottom of the inner sides of the two equipment columns 2, first clamping cylinders 23 are fixedly arranged at the four corners of the top of the lower mold base 7 respectively, the output end of each first clamping cylinder 23 is fixedly connected with a first clamping arm 22, and a first buffer pad 21 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of each first clamping arm 22, and each first buffer pad 21 contacts the lower sand mold 14 when the first clamping arms 22 on the four first clamping cylinders 23 jointly clamp the lower sand mold 14; The upper sand mold 27 is fixed to the bottom of the upper mold base 8, second clamping cylinders are fixedly arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the upper mold base 8 respectively, the output end of each second clamping cylinder is fixedly connected with a second clamping arm, and a second buffer pad is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of each second clamping arm, and each second buffer pad contacts the upper sand mold 27 when the second clamping arms on the four second clamping cylinders jointly clamp the upper sand mold 27; The first clamping arm 22 and the second clamping arm are both L-shaped; The four first clamping arms 22 are respectively located at the periphery of the four corners of the lower sand mold 14, and each first clamping arm 22 clamps the two side outer side walls of the corresponding corner of the lower sand mold 14 when the first clamping arms 22 on the four first clamping cylinders 23 jointly clamp the lower sand mold 14; The four second clamping arms are respectively located at the periphery of the four corners of the upper sand mold 27, and each second clamping arm clamps the two side outer side walls of the corresponding corner of the upper sand mold 27 when the second clamping arms on the four second clamping cylinders jointly clamp the upper sand mold 27; The upper sand mold 27 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the upper die holder 8, and at least three positioning columns 16 are arranged on the outer side of the upper sand mold 27 and are fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper die holder 8; the lower sand mold 14 is fixedly connected to the top center of the lower die holder 7, and at least three taper positioning pins 15 are arranged on the outer side of the lower sand mold 14 and are fixedly connected to the top of the lower die holder 7, and the taper positioning pins 15 correspond in position to the positioning columns 16; At least one laser displacement sensor 17 is fixedly arranged on the upper die holder 8, and a height detection plate corresponding to the position of the laser displacement sensor 17 is arranged on the lower die holder 7, and the position of each laser displacement sensor 17 is such that when the upper die holder 8 moves up and down, the height between the upper die holder 8 and the lower die holder 7 is collected in real time; L-shaped steel plates 24 are fixedly connected to the positions near the sliding blocks 20 on both sides of the upper die holder 8, and electromagnetic anti-falling devices 25 are fixedly connected to the two L-shaped steel plates 24, and the guide rail clamping groove of the electromagnetic anti-falling device 25 is attached to the top surface and side surface of the ball linear guide rail 19; Four light curtain columns 4 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the equipment base 1 at four corners, and an infrared safety light curtain 5 is fixedly connected to each of the four light curtain columns 4; A PLC controller 6 is fixedly connected to the outer bottom of the equipment column 2, and the PLC controller 6 is respectively connected in signal with the laser displacement sensor 17, the pressure sensor 26, the infrared safety light curtain 5, the sand mold built-in temperature sensor, the electromagnetic anti-falling device 25, the first clamping cylinder 23, the second clamping cylinder, receives distance, pressure, temperature, component state and safety detection signals; at the same time, the PLC controller 6 is connected in signal with the hydraulic valve group of the main hydraulic cylinder 9 and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10, the first clamping cylinder 23, the second clamping cylinder, the electromagnetic anti-falling device 25 and the mold temperature self-adaptive module, according to the received detection signals, controls the lifting speed and locking force of the main hydraulic cylinder 9 and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10, the clamping and loosening of the first clamping cylinder 23 and the second clamping cylinder, the locking and releasing of the electromagnetic anti-falling device, and the self-adaptive regulation and control of the mold temperature, realizes the integrated control of the automatic fixing, precise molding, mold temperature matching and safety protection of the sand mold.
[0023] Working principle: after the equipment is powered on, the PLC controller 6 automatically starts the self-checking program, first detects the initial position of the main hydraulic cylinder 9 and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10, and verifies whether the electromagnetic anti-falling device 25 is in the powered-on release state and whether the infrared safety light curtain 5 is unobstructed; The operator places the lower sand mold 14 on the top center of the lower die holder 7, the PLC controller 6 triggers the clamping cylinders 23 at the four corners of the lower die holder 7 to act, pushes the clamping arms 22 to extend to the sand mold direction, until the buffer pad 21 is tightly attached to the side surface of the lower sand mold 14, the fixing of the lower sand mold 14 is completed, and the buffer pad 21 can avoid damage to the sand mold caused by rigid clamping; The mold temperature self-adaptive module is started, a mold temperature curve is preset according to the material of the paddle casting, the lower sand mold 14 and the upper sand mold 27 are preheated, temperature data is fed back in real time through the temperature sensor built in the sand mold during the preheating process, the heating power is dynamically adjusted by the PLC controller 6, the mold temperature is stably increased to the range required by the process, and preparation is made for subsequent pouring; The PLC controller 6 sends a descending instruction, the main hydraulic cylinder 9 and the four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 10 are started synchronously, the piston is driven to slowly descend in the initial stage by low-flow oil supply, the main cylinder connecting seat 11 and the auxiliary cylinder connecting seat 13 are synchronously moved downward, the main cylinder connecting seat 11 is hinged through the joint bearing 12, small angle deviations can be compensated, and then the upper mold seat 8 is smoothly slid along the ball linear guide rail 19; When the upper mold seat 8 is lowered to about 200 mm from the lower mold seat 7, two groups of laser displacement sensors 17 arranged at opposite angles of the upper mold seat 8 start to collect distance data of the lower mold seat 7 at a high frequency, and the data is transmitted to the PLC controller 6 in real time; When the distance is greater than 100 mm, the PLC controller 6 controls the hydraulic cylinder to increase the oil supply flow, the upper mold seat 8 is quickly approached at a descending speed, the air travel time is shortened, when the distance is reduced to 50-100 mm, the speed is smoothly switched to a buffer speed at a medium speed, inertia impact is reduced, and when the distance is less than 50 mm, the speed is further reduced to a precise docking speed at a slow speed, to prepare for the cooperation of the positioning pin and the positioning column; With the continuous slow descent of the upper mold seat 8, the three positioning columns 16 at the bottom of the upper mold seat 8 gradually approach the three tapered positioning pins 15 at the top of the lower mold seat 7, the tapered structure of the tapered positioning pin 15 plays a guiding role, even if there is a small coaxiality deviation between the positioning column 16 and the pin body, the tapered surface can guide the positioning column 16 to be accurately sleeved into the pin body through contact force, the positioning and calibration of the upper mold seat 8 and the lower mold seat 7 are realized, and the sand mold closing deviation is ensured; When the positioning column 16 is completely sleeved into the tapered positioning pin 15, the pressure sensor 26 at the top of the upper mold seat 8 collects contact pressure data in real time, when the pressure reaches a preset threshold, the PLC controller 6 determines that the mold closing is in place, and immediately sends a signal to stop the descending action of the hydraulic cylinder, to avoid excessive extrusion damage to the sand mold; After the mold closing is in place, the PLC controller 6 is switched to a mold locking mode, controls the main hydraulic cylinder 9 and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10 to slowly increase the pressure, monitors the point locking force in real time through the pressure sensor 26 between the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10 and the auxiliary cylinder connecting seat 13, dynamically adjusts the locking force to an appropriate force according to the sand mold projection area and the casting material, and ensures that the detection value difference of the four pressure sensors 26 is less than or equal to 5% through the force equalization control algorithm, to avoid that local locking force is too large to cause sand mold deformation or too small to cause pouring sand leakage; After the mold locking is completed, the mold temperature system enters a dynamic regulation and control stage, before pouring, the sand mold temperature is maintained at the preheating set value, if the temperature is lower than the lower limit, the heating unit starts to supplement heat, and if the temperature is higher than the upper limit, the cooling unit slightly intervenes; During pouring, the sand mold temperature rises rapidly due to the injection of molten iron, and the PLC controller 6 controls the cooling medium flow of the cooling unit according to the feedback data of the temperature sensor to stabilize the mold temperature in the range, with a fluctuation of ≤±2℃; After pouring, the mold temperature system slowly cools at a set rate until the sand mold temperature drops below 300℃, without the need for manual intervention, realizing self-adaptive matching of process requirements; After the casting solidification is completed, the PLC controller 6 first controls the main hydraulic cylinder 9 and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10 to release pressure, reducing the locking force to 0, while the clamping cylinder 23 of the upper mold base 8 and the lower mold base 7 is synchronously retracted, driving the clamping arm 22 and the buffer pad 21 to separate from the sand mold, releasing the sand mold fixation; After the pressure release is completed, the PLC controller 6 controls the hydraulic cylinder to reverse the oil supply, driving the upper mold base 8 to rise upward along the ball linear guide 19, and the laser displacement sensor 17 continuously monitors the position during the rising process. When rising to the initial upper limit position, the hydraulic cylinder stops moving, and the electromagnetic anti-falling device 25 is energized to lock, preventing the upper mold base 8 from accidentally falling; The operator removes the lower sand mold 14 from the lower mold base 7 in the safe area without blocking the infrared safety curtain 5, completing a single mold closing production cycle. If continuous production is required, the sand mold preloading-mold closing-locking-mold opening process can be repeated.
[0024] Structure description: The equipment base 1 is installed at the bottom of the equipment, with two equipment columns 2 fixedly connected at the top and the light curtain column 4 fixedly connected at the top of the four corners. The main function is to bear the weight of all upper components of the equipment, provide basic support for the entire equipment, ensure stable placement of the entire equipment, avoid affecting the mold closing precision due to base shaking during operation, and provide a stable installation foundation for the light curtain column 4 to ensure normal work of the safety protection components; The equipment column 2 is fixedly connected to the equipment base 1 at the bottom and to the equipment cross beam 3 at the top, with the ball linear guide 19 fixedly connected inside. The right side of the equipment column 2 is also fixedly connected to the PLC controller 6 at the bottom outside. The main function is to connect the base and the cross beam to form the frame structure of the equipment, provide installation positions for the precision positioning device and the PLC controller 6, enhance the structural strength of the equipment frame, maintain the vertical and stable installation state of the ball linear guide 19, ensure smooth sliding of the upper mold base 8, and facilitate the PLC controller 6 to receive and transmit various signals nearby, improving response efficiency; Equipment crossbeam 3: The top is fixedly connected to two equipment columns 2, the bottom center is fixedly connected to the main hydraulic cylinder 9, and the four bottom corners are fixedly connected to four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 10. Its main function is to provide an installation platform for the drive components, transmit the supporting force of the equipment columns 2, so that the main hydraulic cylinder 9 is in the center position and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 10 are symmetrically distributed, so that the hydraulic cylinder drives the upper mold base 8 with uniform force, avoids tilting of the upper mold base 8 during the lifting and lowering process, and ensures that the upper and lower sand molds are aligned when the mold is closed. Light curtain column 4: It is fixedly connected to the four corners of the top surface of the equipment base 1, and the infrared safety light curtain 5 is fixedly connected to the top. Its main function is to support the infrared safety light curtain 5, determine the installation height and coverage of the light curtain, and enable the infrared safety light curtain 5 to form a complete protective circle around the mold closing area, with no blind spots, and fully cover the area that personnel may come into contact with the mold closing area, ensuring the safety of personnel operation. Infrared safety light curtain 5: Fixed on four light curtain pillars 4 and set around the mold closing area. Its main function is to monitor in real time whether there are any personnel limbs or foreign objects intruding into the mold closing area. Once an obstruction is detected, it can quickly send a signal to the PLC controller 6 to trigger the equipment emergency braking to avoid personnel injury or equipment damage, and provide safety protection for the mold closing process. PLC controller 6: Fixed on the bottom outer side of the right equipment column 2, its main function is to receive signals from components such as laser displacement sensor 17, pressure sensor 26, and infrared safety light curtain 5, and after analysis, send control commands to actuators such as main hydraulic cylinder 9, auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10, and clamping cylinder 23. It can realize the automated control of the entire mold closing process of the equipment, reduce manual operation intervention, avoid human error, and at the same time quickly respond to various signals, improving the operating efficiency and safety of the equipment. The lower mold base 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the two equipment columns 2. The lower sand mold 14 is fixedly connected to the center of the top, and the clamping cylinders 23 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the top. Its main function is to support and fix the lower sand mold 14, provide a stable installation platform for the lower sand mold 14, ensure that the position of the lower sand mold 14 is fixed and accurately aligned with the upper sand mold 27 at the bottom of the upper mold base 8, and further fix the lower sand mold 14 through the clamping cylinders 23 at the four corners to prevent the sand mold from shifting during mold closing or pouring. Upper mold base 8: It is fixedly connected to the sliders 20 on both sides, fixedly connected to the main cylinder connecting seat 11 and the auxiliary cylinder connecting seat 13 on the top, fixedly connected to the clamping cylinders 23 at the four corners of the bottom, and fixedly connected to the upper sand mold 27 at the center of the bottom. Its main function is to drive the upper sand mold 27 to rise and fall along the ball linear guide rail 19, and cooperate with the lower mold base 7 to complete the mold closing. The straightness of the rise and fall is ensured by the cooperation between the slider 20 and the guide rail. The hydraulic cylinder power is transmitted by the top connecting seat, and the upper sand mold 27 is fixed by the bottom clamping cylinder 23 to ensure the mold closing accuracy and sand mold stability. Main hydraulic cylinder 9: It is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the equipment beam 3 through a flange, and the output end is fixedly connected to the spherical bearing 12. Its main function is to provide the main driving force for the lifting and lowering of the upper mold base 8, pushing the upper mold base 8 to descend to close the mold or rise to open the mold. The main hydraulic cylinder in the center position can provide uniform core power, and cooperate with the auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 10 around the perimeter to adjust the level of the upper mold base 8, so as to prevent the upper mold base 8 from tilting due to uneven force. Auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10: Fixed at the four corners of the bottom of the equipment beam 3, arranged in a square, with the output end fixedly connected to the auxiliary cylinder connecting seat 13. Its main function is to assist the main hydraulic cylinder 9, adjust the level of the upper mold base 8, and compensate for the angle deviation that may occur when the main hydraulic cylinder 9 is driven. The four symmetrically distributed auxiliary hydraulic cylinders can make fine adjustments to the upper mold base 8 from the four corners to ensure that the upper mold base 8 always remains in a horizontal state and improve the alignment accuracy of the upper and lower sand molds when the mold is closed. Main cylinder connecting seat 11: It is fixedly connected between the spherical bearing 12 and the top of the upper mold base 8. Its main function is to serve as the connection medium between the main hydraulic cylinder 9 and the upper mold base 8, to transmit the power of the main hydraulic cylinder 9, and to smoothly transmit the linear power of the hydraulic cylinder to the upper mold base 8. At the same time, it works with the spherical bearing 12 to achieve small angle adjustment, avoid rigid connection that could cause component damage, and extend the service life of the equipment. Spherical bearing 12: It is fixedly connected between the output end of the main hydraulic cylinder 9 and the main cylinder connecting seat 11. It adopts a hinged connection method. Its main function is to allow a small angular deviation between the main hydraulic cylinder 9 and the main cylinder connecting seat 11, which can compensate for the slight tilt that may occur during the lifting and lowering of the upper mold base 8, avoid stress concentration caused by rigid connection, protect the main hydraulic cylinder 9 and the upper mold base 8, and ensure smooth power transmission. Auxiliary cylinder connecting seat 13: It is fixedly connected between the output end of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10 and the top of the upper mold base 8. The pressure sensor 26 is embedded inside. Its main function is to transmit the power of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10 to the upper mold base 8, and at the same time provide an installation position for the pressure sensor 26. It can realize the power transmission between the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10 and the upper mold base 8, and can also monitor the clamping force in real time through the built-in pressure sensor 26, providing data support for the PLC controller 6 to adjust the clamping force and ensure that the clamping force is appropriate. Lower sand mold 14: It is fixedly connected to the top center of the lower mold base 7, and its outer side corresponds to the three conical positioning pins 15. Its main function is to form the lower half cavity of the blade casting. It cooperates with the upper sand mold 27 to form a complete casting cavity. With the help of the fixation of the lower mold base 7 and the guidance of the conical positioning pins 15, the lower sand mold 14 is positioned accurately. After closing with the upper sand mold 27, it can form a cavity that conforms to the shape of the blade, ensuring that the shape of the cast part is accurate. Conical locating pin 15: It is fixedly connected to the top of the lower mold base 7 and is distributed in an equilateral triangle. Its position corresponds to the locating post 16 at the bottom of the upper mold base 8. Its main function is to guide the locating post 16 into place when the mold is closed, so as to achieve precise positioning of the upper mold base 8 and the lower mold base 7. The conical structure can compensate for the slight deviation between the locating post 16 and the pin body, guide the two to fit precisely, avoid misalignment of the upper and lower sand molds when the mold is closed, and improve the mold closing accuracy. Positioning pin 16: It is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper mold base 8 and is distributed in an equilateral triangle. Its position corresponds to the conical positioning pin 15 on the top of the lower mold base 7. Its main function is to fit the conical positioning pin 15 when the mold is closed, and to complete the positioning and calibration of the upper mold base 8 and the lower mold base 7 in conjunction with the positioning pin. It can limit the position of the upper mold base 8 within a precise range, ensure that the upper sand mold 27 and the lower sand mold 14 are completely aligned, and avoid defects such as flash or misalignment in the casting. Laser displacement sensor 17: Fixedly connected to sensor bracket plate 18, two sets of sensors are diagonally arranged about the upper mold base 8. The main function is to collect the distance data between the upper mold base 8 and the lower mold base 7 in real time and transmit the data to the PLC controller 6. The diagonally distributed sensors can comprehensively monitor the position of the upper mold base 8, avoid the detection error of a single sensor, and at the same time facilitate the PLC controller 6 to adjust the lifting speed of the hydraulic cylinder according to the distance data, ensure the smooth mold closing process, and reduce the impact of inertial impact on the sand mold. Sensor bracket plate 18: It is fixedly connected to the front right side and the rear left side of the upper mold base 8, and the top is fixedly connected to the laser displacement sensor 17. Its main function is to provide a stable mounting carrier for the laser displacement sensor 17, determine the detection angle and position of the sensor, and enable the sensor to accurately align with the lower mold base 7 to ensure the detection accuracy of distance data. At the same time, the sensor can move synchronously with the upper mold base 8 to monitor the distance changes during the mold closing process in real time. Ball linear guide 19: It is fixedly connected to the inner side of the equipment column 2 and slides with the slider 20. Its main function is to provide linear guidance for the lifting and lowering of the upper mold base 8, limit the movement direction of the upper mold base 8, ensure the straightness of the upper mold base 8 when lifting and lowering, reduce friction during the movement, avoid the upper mold base 8 from deviating or jamming, and improve the mold closing accuracy and the stability of equipment operation. Slider 20: It is slidably connected to the ball linear guide rail 19 and fixedly connected to both sides of the upper mold base 8. Its main function is to connect the upper mold base 8 and the ball linear guide rail 19, so that the upper mold base 8 can slide smoothly along the guide rail. It can transfer the weight and force of the upper mold base 8 to the guide rail. At the same time, the ball structure reduces sliding friction, making the upper mold base 8 rise and fall more smoothly, and avoiding wear or movement deviation of parts due to excessive friction. Buffer pad 21: It is fixedly connected to the output surface of the clamping arm 22 and directly contacts the sand mold. Its main function is to buffer the clamping force when clamping the sand mold, avoid rigid contact between the clamping arm 22 and the sand mold, prevent the rigid clamping force of the clamping cylinder 23 from damaging the brittle sand mold, and increase the friction between the buffer pad 21 and the sand mold to improve the fixing effect of the sand mold and prevent the sand mold from shifting during mold closing or pouring. Clamping arm 22: It is fixedly connected to the output end of clamping cylinder 23, and the output surface is fixedly connected to buffer pad 21. Its main function is to extend or retract under the drive of clamping cylinder 23, thereby driving buffer pad 21 to clamp or release sand mold. The structure of clamping arm 22 can extend the clamping range, ensuring that it can accurately fit the side of sand mold. Together with buffer pad 21, it can achieve stable fixation of sand mold, while avoiding clamping force directly acting on sand mold. Clamping cylinder 23: It is fixedly connected to the four bottom corners of the upper mold base 8 and the four top corners of the lower mold base 7. The output end is fixedly connected to the clamping arm 22. Its main function is to drive the clamping arm 22 to extend and retract, so as to realize the automatic clamping and loosening of the sand mold. It can realize the automation of sand mold fixing through pneumatic drive, eliminating the need for manual tightening of sand mold, improving production efficiency. At the same time, the clamping force is stable and controllable, avoiding damage to the sand mold or insecure fixing due to uneven force during manual fixing. L-shaped steel plate 24: It is fixedly connected to both sides of the upper mold base 8 near the slider 20, and the top is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic fall arrester 25. Its main function is to provide an installation carrier for the electromagnetic fall arrester 25 and adjust the relative position of the fall arrester and the ball linear guide rail 19 so that the guide rail slot of the electromagnetic fall arrester 25 can accurately fit the top surface and side surface of the ball linear guide rail 19, ensuring that the fall arrester can effectively lock the guide rail when triggered to prevent the upper mold base 8 from falling. Electromagnetic fall arrestor 25: It is fixedly connected to L-shaped steel plate 24. The guide rail slot fits against the top and side of ball linear guide rail 19. Its main function is to lock the ball linear guide rail 19 in the event of sudden power failure, triggering of infrared safety light curtain 5, or overload of mold locking, so as to prevent the upper mold base 8 from falling. It can provide double safety protection for the lifting and lowering of the upper mold base 8, avoid the upper mold base 8 from falling due to power interruption or safety hazards, and protect the safety of equipment and operators. Pressure sensor 26: One part is embedded between the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 10 and the auxiliary cylinder connecting seat 13, and the other part is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the upper mold base 8. Its main function is to collect the clamping force and mold closing contact pressure data in real time and transmit them to the PLC controller 6. This allows the PLC controller 6 to dynamically adjust the clamping force according to the pressure data, avoiding excessive clamping force that could cause sand mold deformation or insufficient clamping force that could cause sand leakage during pouring. At the same time, it can determine whether the mold is closed properly and prevent excessive squeezing that could damage the sand mold. Upper sand mold 27: Fixedly connected to the bottom center of the upper mold base 8, with the outer side corresponding to the three positioning posts 16. Its main function is to form the upper cavity of the blade casting. It cooperates with the lower sand mold 14 to form a complete casting cavity. With the help of the fixation of the upper mold base 8 and the guidance of the positioning posts 16, the position of the upper sand mold 27 is ensured to be accurate. After closing with the lower sand mold 14, it can form a cavity that conforms to the shape of the blade, ensuring that the shape of the cast part is accurate and meets the production requirements.
[0025] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims
1. A mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing device for paddle sand mold casting, comprising a device base (1), characterized in that: The installation support is fixed on the equipment base (1); the lower mold base (7) for installing the lower sand mold (14) is fixed on the installation support, the upper mold base (8) for installing the upper sand mold (27) is installed on the installation support through the vertical displacement driving device, and the upper mold base (8) can be moved upward through the vertical displacement driving device to move the upper sand mold (27) upward away from the lower sand mold (14) or the upper mold base (8) can be moved downward through the vertical displacement device to make the upper sand mold (27) and the lower sand mold (14) close; the adaptive automatic adjusting device for fine adjustment of the upper mold base (8) is arranged at the connection between the driving end of the vertical displacement driving device and the upper mold base (8).
2. The mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing device for paddle sand mold casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the vertical displacement driving device is that at least two ball linear guides (19) are fixed on the installation support, the sliding blocks in each linear guide are fixedly connected with the upper mold base (8); the main hydraulic cylinder (9) is fixed on the installation support, the end of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder (9) is connected with the upper mold base (8) through the adaptive adjusting device, and the running track line of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder (9) is parallel to the running track line of each sliding block.
3. The mold temperature self-adaptive automatic mold closing device for paddle sand mold casting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The structure of the adaptive automatic adjusting device is that the joint bearing (12) is fixedly connected with the end of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder (9), the main cylinder connecting seat (11) is fixedly connected with the joint bearing (12), the joint bearing (12) and the main cylinder connecting seat (11) are hingedly connected, and the main cylinder connecting seat (11) is fixedly connected with the top of the upper mold base (8). Four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders (10) are fixed on the installation support, the piston rods of the four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders (10) are fixed on the four corners of the upper mold base (8) through the corresponding auxiliary cylinder connecting seats (13), and the running track lines of the piston rods of the four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders (10) are parallel to the running track line of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder (9); the pressure sensor (26) is embedded and connected between each auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (10) and the corresponding auxiliary cylinder connecting seat (13).
4. The mold temperature self-adaptive automatic molding device for paddle sand mold casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower sand mold (14) is fixed on the top of the lower mold base (7), the lower mold base (7) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the two equipment vertical columns (2), the first clamping cylinders (23) are fixedly arranged on the four corners of the top of the lower mold base (7), the output end of each first clamping cylinder (23) is fixedly connected with the first clamping arm (22), the first buffer pad (21) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of each first clamping arm (22), and each first buffer pad (21) contacts the lower sand mold (14) when the first clamping arms (22) on the four first clamping cylinders (23) clamp the lower sand mold (14) together. The upper sand mold (27) is fixed on the bottom of the upper mold base (8), the second clamping cylinders are fixedly arranged on the four corners of the bottom of the upper mold base (8), the second clamping arms are fixedly connected with the output ends of the four second clamping cylinders, the second buffer pads are fixedly connected to the inner side walls of the second clamping arms, and each second buffer pad contacts the upper sand mold (27) when the second clamping arms on the four second clamping cylinders clamp the upper sand mold (27) together.
5. The mold temperature self-adaptive automatic molding device for paddle sand mold casting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first clamping arms (22) and the second clamping arms are L-shaped; The four first clamping arms (22) are respectively located at the periphery of the four corners of the lower sand mold (14), and when the four first clamping arms (22) on the four first clamping cylinders (23) jointly clamp the lower sand mold (14), each first clamping arm (22) clamps the two side outer side walls at the corresponding corner of the lower sand mold (14); The four second clamping arms are respectively located at the periphery of the four corners of the upper sand mold (27), and when the four second clamping arms on the four second clamping cylinders jointly clamp the upper sand mold (27), each second clamping arm clamps the two side outer side walls at the corresponding corner of the upper sand mold (27).
6. A mold temperature self-adaptive automatic molding device for paddle sand mold casting according to claim 1 or 4 or 5, characterized in that: The bottom center of the upper mold base (8) is fixedly connected with the upper sand mold (27), and the outer side of the upper sand mold (27) is provided with at least three positioning columns (16) fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper mold base (8). The top center of the lower mold base (7) is fixedly connected with the lower sand mold (14), and the outer side of the lower sand mold (14) is provided with at least three taper positioning pins (15) fixedly connected to the top of the lower mold base (7), and the taper positioning pins (15) correspond in position to the positioning columns (16).
7. A mold temperature adaptive automatic mold clamping device for a paddle sand mold casting according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least one laser displacement sensor (17) is fixedly arranged on the upper mold base (8), and a height detection plate corresponding in position to the laser displacement sensor (17) is arranged on the lower mold base (7). The position of each laser displacement sensor (17) allows real-time collection of the height between the upper mold base (8) and the lower mold base (7) when the upper mold base (8) moves up and down.
8. The mold temperature self-adaptive automatic molding device for paddle sand mold casting according to claim 7, characterized in that: L-shaped steel plates (24) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the upper mold base (8) near the sliding blocks (20), and electromagnetic fall arresters (25) are fixedly connected to the two L-shaped steel plates (24). The guide rail clamping groove of the electromagnetic fall arrester (25) is attached to the top surface and side surface of the ball linear guide rail (19).
9. The mold temperature self-adaptive automatic molding device for paddle sand mold casting according to claim 8, characterized in that: Four light curtain stand columns (4) are fixedly connected to the top corners of the equipment base (1), and infrared safety light curtains (5) are fixedly connected to the four light curtain stand columns (4).
10. The mold temperature self-adaptive automatic molding device for paddle sand mold casting according to claim 9, characterized in that: The structure of the self-adaptive automatic adjusting device is that a joint bearing (12) is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder (9), a main cylinder connecting seat (11) is fixedly connected to the joint bearing (12), the joint bearing (12) and the main cylinder connecting seat (11) are hingedly connected, and the main cylinder connecting seat (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper mold base (8); Four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders (10) are fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket, the piston rods of the four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders (10) are fixed to the four corners of the upper mold base (8) through respective auxiliary cylinder connecting seats (13), and the running track lines of the piston rods of the four auxiliary hydraulic cylinders (10) are parallel to the running track line of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder (9). A pressure sensor (26) is embedded and connected between each auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (10) and the corresponding auxiliary cylinder connecting seat (13). The device column (2) is fixedly connected with a PLC controller (6) on the outer bottom, the PLC controller (6) is respectively connected with a laser displacement sensor (17), a pressure sensor (26), an infrared safety light curtain (5), a sand mold built-in temperature sensor, an electromagnetic anti-falling device (25), a first clamping cylinder (23), a second clamping cylinder and a travel switch, receives distance, pressure, temperature, component state and safety detection signals; meanwhile, the PLC controller (6) is connected with a hydraulic valve group of a main hydraulic cylinder (9) and an auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (10), the first clamping cylinder (23), the second clamping cylinder, the electromagnetic anti-falling device (25) and a mold temperature self-adaptive module, according to the received detection signals, controls the lifting speed and locking force of the main hydraulic cylinder (9) and the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (10), the clamping and loosening of the first clamping cylinder (23) and the second clamping cylinder, the locking and releasing of the electromagnetic anti-falling device and the self-adaptive regulation and control of the mold temperature, realizes the integrated control of the automatic fixing of the sand mold, the precise mold closing, the mold temperature matching and the safety protection.