Self-inspection operation vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail detection, in particular to a self-inspection operation vehicle which comprises a vehicle frame, a main control frame is arranged on the side wall of the top end of the vehicle frame, a cleaning mechanism for sweeping the side face of a rail is arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the main control frame, and a detection mechanism for detecting the side face of the rail is arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the vehicle frame. According to the self-inspection operation vehicle, through the mechanical sweeping and airflow blowing two-stage cleaning mechanism, the cleaning wheels rotate to remove large-particle sundries on the side faces of rails, then fine dust and water films are blown through linkage type high-pressure airflow, it is ensured that a detection area is not covered with sundries, and the detection efficiency is improved. Before detection, the surface of the detection sensor can be wiped for the second time through the cleaning block, the problems of misjudgment and missed judgment caused by sundry shielding of existing equipment are thoroughly solved, and the reliability of detection data is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of track inspection technology, and in particular to a self-inspection vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] As the core load-bearing and guiding component of the railway transportation system, the operating condition of the rails directly determines the safety, stability, and comfort of train operation. During long-term service, the sides of the rails are subjected to continuous wheel-rail guiding friction, lateral impact, and environmental erosion, making them a high-risk area for wear and defects. In addition, dust, gravel, oil, and other debris easily accumulate on the sides of the rails, which not only accelerates the wear process but also covers up potential defects and increases safety hazards. Therefore, accurate and efficient inspection of the rail sides is a key link in ensuring the safe operation of railway lines.

[0003] Most existing automated inspection vehicles use fixed-mounted sensors, which cannot adjust the detection angle according to the side curvature of different rail types, resulting in blind spots. Furthermore, the sensors are easily obstructed by debris accumulated on the side of the rail, leading to false or missed detections. On the other hand, existing equipment lacks a targeted pre-processing mechanism, making it impossible to efficiently clean the side of the rail before inspection. This requires manual cleaning in advance, which not only increases the workload but also leads to poor inspection continuity. In rainy or snowy weather, the water film and ice adhering to the side of the rail further interfere with the detection accuracy of laser, vision, and other sensors, making it difficult to meet the accuracy requirements of railway maintenance. To solve the above problems, we propose a self-inspection vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a self-inspection vehicle that can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A self-inspection vehicle includes a frame, a main control frame is provided on the top side wall of the frame, a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the side of the rail is provided on the bottom side wall of the main control frame, and a detection mechanism for detecting the side of the rail is provided on the bottom side wall of the frame.

[0007] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a first support frame fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the main control frame. Two first electric tracks are provided on the outer side wall of the first support frame. A first electric slider is slidably connected to the inner side wall of each of the two first electric tracks. The two first electric sliders are provided with the same first concave frame. A rotating platform is rotatably connected to the bottom side wall of the first concave frame. A first electric telescopic rod is provided on the bottom side wall of the rotating platform. A first guide plate is provided at the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom sidewall of the first guide plate has two second electric tracks, the inner sidewall of the second electric tracks is slidably connected to multiple second electric sliders, the bottom end of every two second electric sliders is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, one sidewall of the mounting plate is provided with multiple distance sensors, the bottom sidewalls of the two mounting plates are rotatably connected to two rotating blocks, each sidewall of the two mounting plates is provided with a motor, the output end of the motor passes through the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the sidewall of a rotating block, the bottom sidewalls of the two rotating blocks are provided with cleaning plates, each sidewall of the two cleaning plates is provided with an angle sensor, the inner sidewall of the cleaning plate is rotatably connected to two first rotating shafts, the outer sidewall of the first rotating shafts is provided with first rollers, the inner sidewall of the cleaning plate is rotatably connected to four second rotating shafts, each pair of second rotating shafts is driven by two transmission chains connected to the outer sidewall of one of the first rotating shafts, and the other end of each of the multiple second rotating shafts is provided with a cleaning wheel.

[0009] Preferably, a first bevel gear is provided at one end of the first rotating shaft, passing through one end of the cleaning plate; a first sleeve is provided on one side wall of the cleaning plate; a first fixing plate is provided on one side wall of the cleaning plate; a first reciprocating threaded rod is rotatably connected to one end of the first sleeve and the first fixing plate; a second bevel gear is provided at one end of the first reciprocating threaded rod; and the second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0010] Preferably, a movable block is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first reciprocating threaded rod, one side wall of the movable block is slidably connected to one side wall of the cleaning plate, a connecting plate is provided at the bottom end of the movable block, a push rod is provided at the bottom end of the connecting plate, push plates are provided at both ends of the push rod, two sealing chambers are provided on one side wall of the cleaning plate, and the outer side wall of the push plate is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the sealing chamber.

[0011] Preferably, each of the two sealed chambers is rotatably connected to an air exchange plate at one end, and each of the cleaning plates is provided with an air blowing chamber at both ends. The side wall of the air blowing chamber is provided with multiple air jets, and the air blowing chamber and the sealed chamber are provided with an air transmission pipe at one end.

[0012] Preferably, the detection mechanism further includes a second support frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the main control frame. The second support frame has multiple third electric tracks on its side wall. Two third electric sliders are slidably connected to the inner side walls of each third electric track. The two third electric sliders are provided with the same second concave frame. A second electric telescopic rod is provided at the bottom of the second concave frame. A second guide plate is provided at the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod. Two fourth electric tracks are provided on the bottom side wall of the second guide plate. A fourth electric slider is slidably connected to the inner side wall of each fourth electric track. A detection plate is provided at the bottom of each fourth electric slider.

[0013] Preferably, a positioning sleeve is provided on one side wall of the detection plate, a second positioning sensor is provided on the inner side wall of the positioning sleeve, a spring is provided on the inner side wall of the positioning sleeve, a positioning plate is provided on the other end of the spring, the outer side wall of the positioning plate is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the positioning sleeve, a first positioning sensor is provided on one side wall of the positioning plate, a third support frame is provided on the other side wall of the positioning plate, a second roller is rotatably connected to the side wall of the third support frame, and a first gear is provided through the top end of the second roller through the third support frame.

[0014] Preferably, a second gear is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the positioning sleeve, a third bevel gear is provided at the top end of the second gear, a second fixing plate is provided on one side wall of the detection plate, a second sleeve is provided at the top end of the positioning sleeve, a second reciprocating threaded rod is rotatably connected to the second sleeve and the second fixing plate, a fourth bevel gear is provided at one end of the second reciprocating threaded rod, the second sleeve meshes with the fourth bevel gear, a cleaning block is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the second reciprocating threaded rod, and a detection sensor is provided on one side wall of the detection plate.

[0015] Preferably, the outer side wall of the frame is provided with multiple drive components, the outer side wall of the frame is provided with a camera, the outer side wall of the frame is rotatably connected with four rail wheels, the top side wall of the main control frame is provided with a signal device, and the top side wall of the main control frame is provided with a main control console.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This self-inspection vehicle uses a two-stage cleaning mechanism of mechanical sweeping and airflow blowing. First, the cleaning wheel rotates to remove large particles of debris from the side of the rails. Then, the linked high-pressure airflow blows away fine dust and water film, ensuring that the inspection area is free of debris. Before inspection, the surface of the inspection sensor can be wiped a second time with a cleaning block. This completely solves the problem of misjudgment and missed judgment caused by debris obstruction in existing equipment, and greatly improves the reliability of inspection data.

[0018] 2. This self-inspection vehicle has a cleaning mechanism that achieves three-level attitude adjustment through an electric slider, a rotary table, and an electric telescopic rod. With the help of distance and angle sensors for real-time calibration, it can adapt to different rail types, side curvature, gauge deviation, and track inclination. The detection mechanism, through spring elastic support and dual positioning sensors, ensures that the detection sensors maintain a stable distance from the side of the rail. Three-dimensional point cloud modeling combined with ultrasonic flaw detection makes the measurement accuracy of side wear higher. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a second partial structural diagram of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a second partial cross-sectional view of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of Figure A in this invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Chassis; 12. Track wheel; 13. Drive assembly; 14. Camera; 15. Signal device; 16. Main control panel; 17. Main control frame; 2. Cleaning mechanism; 3. Detection mechanism; 21. First support frame; 22. First electric track; 23. First electric slider; 24. First concave frame; 25. Rotary table; 26. First electric telescopic rod; 27. First guide plate; 28. Second electric track; 29. ​​Second electric slider; 2 01. Mounting plate; 202. Distance sensor; 203. Motor; 204. Rotating block; 205. Cleaning plate; 206. Angle sensor; 207. First roller; 208. First shaft; 209. Drive chain; 210. Second shaft; 211. Cleaning wheel; 212. First bevel gear; 213. First sleeve; 214. Second bevel gear; 215. First reciprocating threaded rod; 216. First fixing plate; 217. Moving block 218. Connecting plate; 219. Push rod; 220. Push plate; 221. Sealed chamber; 222. Air exchange plate; 223. Air transmission pipe; 224. Air blowing chamber; 225. Jet nozzle; 31. Second support frame; 32. Third electric track; 33. Third electric slider; 34. Second concave frame; 35. Second electric telescopic rod; 36. Second guide plate; 37. Fourth electric track; 38. Fourth electric slider; 39. Detection plate; 301. 302. Positioning sleeve; 303. Third support frame; 304. Second roller; 305. Positioning plate; 306. First positioning sensor; 307. Second positioning sensor; 308. Spring; 309. First gear; 310. Second gear; 311. Third bevel gear; 312. Second sleeve; 313. Fourth bevel gear; 314. Second reciprocating threaded rod; 315. Second fixing plate; 316. Cleaning block; 317. Detection sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, a self-inspection vehicle includes a frame 1, a main control frame 17 is provided on the top side wall of the frame 1, a cleaning mechanism 2 for cleaning the side of the rail is provided on the bottom side wall of the main control frame 17, and a detection mechanism 3 for detecting the side of the rail is provided on the bottom side wall of the frame 1.

[0030] In this embodiment, the cleaning mechanism 2 includes a first support frame 21 fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the main control frame 17. Two first electric tracks 22 are formed on the outer side wall of the first support frame 21. First electric sliders 23 are slidably connected to the inner side walls of both first electric tracks 22. The two first electric sliders 23 are provided with the same first concave frame 24. A rotating platform 25 is rotatably connected to the bottom side wall of the first concave frame 24. A first electric telescopic rod 26 is provided on the bottom side wall of the rotating platform 25. A first guide plate 27 is provided at the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod 26. Two second electric tracks 28 are formed on the bottom side wall of the first guide plate 27. Multiple second electric sliders 29 are slidably connected to the inner side walls of the second electric tracks 28. A mounting plate 201 is fixedly connected to the bottom of every two second electric sliders 29. Multiple distance sensors 202 are installed on one side wall of each mounting plate 201. Two rotating blocks 204 are rotatably connected to the bottom side walls of the two mounting plates 201. A motor 203 is installed on one side wall of each mounting plate 201. The output end of the motor 203 passes through the mounting plate 201 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of one rotating block 204. A cleaning plate 205 is installed on the bottom side wall of each of the two rotating blocks 204. An angle sensor 206 is installed on one side wall of each cleaning plate 205. Two first rotating shafts 208 are rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the cleaning plate 205. First rollers 207 are installed on the outer side wall of the first rotating shafts 208. The inner side wall of the cleaning plate 205 is rotatably connected to... There are four second rotating shafts 210. Two transmission chains 209 are connected to the outer wall of one of the first rotating shafts 208 for every two second rotating shafts 210. A cleaning wheel 211 is provided at the other end of each of the second rotating shafts 210. One end of a first rotating shaft 208 passes through a cleaning plate 205 and is equipped with a first bevel gear 212 at the other end. A first sleeve 213 is provided on one side wall of the cleaning plate 205, and a first fixing plate 216 is provided on one side wall of the cleaning plate 205. A first reciprocating threaded rod 215 is rotatably connected to one end of the first sleeve 213 and the first fixing plate 216. A second bevel gear 214 is provided at one end of the first reciprocating threaded rod 215, and the second bevel gear 214 meshes with the first bevel gear 212. A movable block 217 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod 215. One side wall of the movable block 217 is slidably connected to one side wall of the cleaning plate 205. A connecting plate 218 is provided at the bottom end of the movable block 217. A push rod 219 is provided at the bottom end of the connecting plate 218. Push plates 220 are provided at both ends of the push rod 219. Two sealing chambers 221 are provided on one side wall of the cleaning plate 205. The outer wall of the push plate 220 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing chamber 221. A ventilation plate 222 is rotatably connected to one end of each of the two sealing chambers 221. Air blowing chambers 224 are provided at both ends of the cleaning plate 205. Multiple jet nozzles 225 are provided on one side wall of the air blowing chamber 224. An air transmission pipe 223 is provided at one end of the air blowing chamber 224 and the sealing chamber 221.

[0031] Specifically, the first electric slider 23 slides along the first electric track 22, driving the two first concave frames 24 to move laterally, aligning the cleaning assembly directly above the rail. The first electric telescopic rod 26 extends, lowering the first guide plate 27 to a preset height. The second electric slider 29 slides along the second electric track 28, adjusting the distance between the two mounting plates 201. Simultaneously, the distance sensor 202 detects the distance between the two mounting plates 201 in real time and feeds it back to the main control panel 16. After adjustment, the position of the second electric slider 29 is locked. The motor 203 is started, driving the rotating block 204 to rotate, causing the cleaning plate 205 to tilt downwards. The angle sensor 206 provides real-time feedback on the tilt angle of the cleaning plate 205 until the cleaning wheel 211 is completely in contact with the side of the rail. The first electric telescopic rod 26 then causes the outer wall of the first roller 207 to contact the side wall of the rail. The first roller 207 rolls with the rail surface, driving the first rotating shaft 208 to rotate. The first rotating shaft 208 drives the second rotating shaft 210 to rotate synchronously via the transmission chain 209, causing the cleaning wheel 211 to tilt downwards. 11. The rotating mechanism cleans the surface of the rails by rolling and sweeping away loose rust, gravel, fallen leaves, and other debris. The cleaned debris slides down the guide groove of the cleaning plate 205 to the outside of the rails. Simultaneously, as the first rotating shaft 208 rotates, the first bevel gear 212 at one end drives the meshing second bevel gear 214 to rotate, which in turn drives the first reciprocating threaded rod 215 to rotate between the first sleeve 213 and the first fixed plate 216. The moving block 217 slides back and forth along the side wall of the cleaning plate 205 as the first reciprocating threaded rod 215 rotates. The connecting plate 218 drives the push rod 219 and the push plate 220 to reciprocate within the sealed chamber 221. When the push plate 220 slides backward, a negative pressure is generated within the sealed chamber 221, and the ventilation plate 222 automatically opens to draw in external air. When the push plate 220 slides forward, the air pressure within the sealed chamber 221 increases, and the ventilation plate 222 closes. Compressed air enters the blowing chamber 224 through the air transmission pipe 223 and is ejected from the jet nozzle 225 to blow away the fine dust and debris remaining on the side surface of the rail after cleaning, ensuring that there are no obstructions in the subsequent inspection area.

[0032] In this embodiment, the detection mechanism 3 further includes a second support frame 31 fixedly connected to the bottom of the main control frame 17. Multiple third electric tracks 32 are provided on the side wall of the second support frame 31. A third electric slider 33 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of each of the two third electric tracks 32. The two third electric sliders 33 are provided with the same second concave frame 34. A second electric telescopic rod 35 is provided at the bottom of the second concave frame 34. A second guide plate 36 is provided at the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod 35. Two fourth electric tracks 37 are provided on the bottom side wall of the second guide plate 36. A fourth electric slider 38 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the fourth electric track 37. A detection plate 39 is provided at the bottom of the fourth electric slider 38. A positioning sleeve 301 is provided on one side wall of the detection plate 39. A second positioning sensor 306 is provided on the inner side wall of the positioning sleeve 301. A spring 307 is provided on the inner side wall of the positioning sleeve 301. A positioning plate 304 is provided at the other end of the spring 307. The outer side wall of the positioning plate 304 is connected to the positioning sensor 306. The inner wall of the sleeve 301 is slidably connected. A first positioning sensor 305 is provided on one side wall of the positioning plate 304. A third support frame 302 is provided on the other side wall of the positioning plate 304. A second roller 303 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the third support frame 302. A first gear 308 is provided through the top of the second roller 303 and passes through the third support frame 302. A second gear 309 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the positioning sleeve 301. A third bevel gear 310 is provided at the top of the second gear 309. A second fixing plate 314 is provided on one side wall of the detection plate 39. A second sleeve 311 is provided at the top of the positioning sleeve 301. A second reciprocating threaded rod 313 is rotatably connected to the second fixing plate 314. A fourth bevel gear 312 is provided at one end of the second reciprocating threaded rod 313. The second sleeve 311 and the fourth bevel gear 312 mesh. A cleaning block 315 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second reciprocating threaded rod 313. A detection sensor 316 is provided on one side wall of the detection plate 39.

[0033] Specifically, the main control console 16 sends an adjustment command to the detection mechanism 3. The third electric slider 33 slides along the third electric track 32, causing the second concave frame 34 to move laterally, aligning the detection plate 39 with the cleaned area of ​​the rail. The second electric telescopic rod 35 extends, lowering the second guide plate 36 to a preset height. Simultaneously, the fourth electric slider 38 slides along the fourth electric track 37, adjusting the lateral position of the detection plate 39, so that the second roller 303, under the elastic thrust of the spring 307, fits against the rail tread. The positioning plate 304 slides along the positioning sleeve 301 as the second roller 303 contacts the position. When the first positioning sensor 305 contacts the second positioning sensor 306, the fourth electric slider 38 stops moving and locks. At this time, the first gear 308 meshes with the second gear 309, the detection sensor 316 is activated, and the laser radar emits laser beams towards the rail surface. The laser beam calculates the three-dimensional contour data of the rail side using the laser reflection time difference, generating a point cloud model. Simultaneously, a vision camera captures images of the rail surface, and features are extracted to identify surface defects such as wear lines and peeling pits. The ultrasonic detection module is activated simultaneously, emitting ultrasonic signals into the rail to confirm the presence of a combined defect of surface wear and internal fatigue. Furthermore, during the operation of the work vehicle, the second roller 303 rolls with the rail, driving the first gear 308 to rotate. The first gear 308 meshes with the second gear 309, driving the third bevel gear 310 to rotate, which in turn drives the second reciprocating threaded rod 313 to rotate via the fourth bevel gear 312. The cleaning block 315 slides back and forth along the detection plate 39 as the second reciprocating threaded rod 313 rotates. One side of the cleaning block 315 is made of wear-resistant sponge material, which is used to wipe the surface of the detection sensor 316 a second time.

[0034] In this embodiment, a plurality of drive components 13 are provided on the outer side wall of the frame 1, a camera 14 is provided on the outer side wall of the frame 1, four rail wheels 12 are rotatably connected to the side wall of the frame 1, a signal device 15 is provided on the top side wall of the main control frame 17, and a main control console 16 is provided on the top side wall of the main control frame 17.

[0035] Specifically, the drive component 13 drives the track wheel 12 to travel along the rail, while the camera 14 collects images of the surrounding area of ​​the track in real time. The track direction is confirmed through image recognition, which helps the track wheel 12 to keep the track centered. The signal device 15 establishes real-time communication with the back-end management platform to synchronize the initial position of the work vehicle.

[0036] It should be noted that this invention is a self-inspection vehicle. After the user sets the inspection path and parameters through the main control panel 16, the drive component 13 drives the track wheels 12 to travel along the rail. At the same time, the camera 14 collects images of the surrounding area of ​​the track in real time, confirms the track direction through image recognition, and assists the track wheels 12 in keeping the track centered. The signal device 15 establishes real-time communication with the background management platform, synchronizes the initial position of the vehicle, and receives real-time track occupancy information from the background. Subsequently, the main control panel 16 sends an adjustment command to the cleaning mechanism 2. The first electric slider 23 slides along the first electric track 22, driving the two first concave frames 24 to move laterally, so that the cleaning component is aligned directly above the rail. An electric telescopic rod 26 extends, lowering the first guide plate 27 to a preset height. The second electric slider 29 slides along the second electric track 28, adjusting the distance between the two mounting plates 201. At the same time, the distance sensor 202 detects the distance between the two mounting plates 201 in real time and feeds it back to the main control panel 16. After the adjustment is completed, the position of the second electric slider 29 is locked. Then, the motor 203 is started, and the motor 203 drives the rotating block 204 to rotate, causing the cleaning plate 205 to tilt downward. The angle sensor 206 feeds back the tilt angle of the cleaning plate 205 in real time until the cleaning wheel 211 is completely in contact with the side of the rail, and the outer wall of the first roller 207 contacts the side wall of the rail through the first electric telescopic rod 26.

[0037] During the operation of the work vehicle, the first roller 207 rolls along the rail surface, driving the first shaft 208 to rotate. The first shaft 208 drives the second shaft 210 to rotate synchronously via the transmission chain 209, causing the cleaning wheel 211 to rotate. This sweeps away loose rust, gravel, fallen leaves, and other debris from the side surface of the rail. The swept debris slides down the guide groove of the cleaning plate 205 to the outside of the rail. Simultaneously, as the first shaft 208 rotates, the first bevel gear 212 at one end drives the meshing second bevel gear 214 to rotate, thereby driving the first reciprocating threaded rod 215 to rotate between the first sleeve 213 and the first fixed plate 216, moving... The moving block 217 slides back and forth along the side wall of the cleaning plate 205 as the first reciprocating threaded rod 215 rotates. Through the connecting plate 218, it drives the push rod 219 and the push plate 220 to reciprocate within the sealed chamber 221. When the push plate 220 slides backward, a negative pressure is generated in the sealed chamber 221, and the ventilation plate 222 automatically opens to draw in external air. When the push plate 220 slides forward, the air pressure in the sealed chamber 221 increases, the ventilation plate 222 closes, and the compressed air enters the blowing chamber 224 through the air transmission pipe 223 and is ejected from the jet nozzle 225 to blow away the fine dust and debris remaining on the side surface of the rail after cleaning, ensuring that there are no debris obstructing the subsequent inspection area.

[0038] After cleaning, the main control console 16 sends an adjustment command to the detection mechanism 3. The third electric slider 33 slides along the third electric track 32, driving the second concave frame 34 to move laterally, so that the detection plate 39 is aligned with the cleaned area of ​​the rail. The second electric telescopic rod 35 extends, lowering the second guide plate 36 to a preset height. At the same time, the fourth electric slider 38 slides along the fourth electric track 37, adjusting the lateral position of the detection plate 39, so that the second roller 303 is in contact with the rail tread under the elastic thrust of the spring 307. The positioning plate 304 slides along the positioning sleeve 301 as the second roller 303 is in contact. When the first positioning sensor 305 contacts the second positioning sensor 306, the fourth electric slider 38 stops moving and locks. At this time, the first gear 308 and the second gear 309 mesh, the detection sensor 316 is activated, and the laser radar emits a laser beam towards the rail surface. The time difference of emission is used to calculate the three-dimensional contour data of the side of the rail and generate a point cloud model. At the same time, the vision camera captures images of the rail surface and identifies defects such as wear lines and peeling pits by extracting image features. The ultrasonic detection module is activated simultaneously and emits ultrasonic signals into the rail to confirm whether there are composite defects of surface wear and internal fatigue. During the operation of the work vehicle, the second roller 303 rolls with the rail and drives the first gear 308 to rotate. The first gear 308 meshes with the second gear 309 and drives the third bevel gear 310 to rotate. In turn, the fourth bevel gear 312 drives the second reciprocating threaded rod 313 to rotate. The cleaning block 315 slides back and forth along the detection plate 39 with the rotation of the second reciprocating threaded rod 313. One side of the cleaning block 315 is made of wear-resistant sponge material to wipe the surface of the detection sensor 316 a second time to avoid residual small debris from interfering with the laser detection accuracy.

[0039] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-inspection service vehicle comprising a vehicle frame (1), characterized in that: The top end side wall of the frame (1) is provided with a main control frame (17), the bottom end side wall of the main control frame (17) is provided with a cleaning mechanism (2) for cleaning the side of the rail, and the bottom end side wall of the frame (1) is provided with a detection mechanism (3) for detecting the side of the rail.

2. The self-inspection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: The cleaning mechanism (2) comprises a first support frame (21) fixedly connected to the bottom end side wall of the main control frame (17), two first electric rails (22) are formed in the outer side wall of the first support frame (21), first electric sliding blocks (23) are slidably connected to the inner side walls of the two first electric rails (22), the two first electric sliding blocks (23) are provided with a same first concave frame (24), a rotating table (25) is rotatably connected to the bottom end side wall of the first concave frame (24), a first electric telescopic rod (26) is arranged on the bottom end side wall of the rotating table (25), and a first guide plate (27) is arranged on the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod (26).

3. A self-inspection vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end side wall of the first guide plate (27) is provided with two second electric rails (28), a plurality of second electric sliding blocks (29) are slidably connected to the inner side walls of the second electric rails (28), every two second electric sliding blocks (29) are fixedly connected to mounting plates (201), a plurality of distance sensors (202) are arranged on one side wall of each mounting plate (201), two rotating blocks (204) are rotatably connected to the bottom end side walls of the two mounting plates (201), electric motors (203) are arranged on one side wall of each mounting plate (201), the output ends of the electric motors (203) penetrate through the mounting plates (201) and are fixedly connected to the side walls of the rotating blocks (204), cleaning plates (205) are arranged on the bottom end side walls of the two rotating blocks (204), angle sensors (206) are arranged on one side wall of each cleaning plate (205), two first rotating shafts (208) are rotatably connected to the inner side walls of the cleaning plates (205), first rollers (207) are arranged on the outer side walls of the first rotating shafts (208), four second rotating shafts (210) are rotatably connected to the inner side walls of the cleaning plates (205), two transmission chains (209) are in transmission connection with the outer side walls of each first rotating shaft (208) and every two second rotating shafts (210), and cleaning wheels (211) are arranged at the other ends of the plurality of second rotating shafts (210).

4. A self-inspection vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of one first rotating shaft (208) penetrates through one end of the cleaning plate (205) and is provided with a first bevel gear (212), a first sleeve (213) is arranged on one side wall of the cleaning plate (205), a first fixed plate (216) is arranged on one side wall of the cleaning plate (205), a first reciprocating threaded rod (215) is rotatably connected to one end of the first sleeve (213) and the first fixed plate (216), a second bevel gear (214) is arranged at one end of the first reciprocating threaded rod (215), and the second bevel gear (214) is in meshing connection with the first bevel gear (212).

5. A self-inspection vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first reciprocating threaded rod (215) is rotationally connected with a moving block (217) outside the wall, one side wall of the moving block (217) is slidably connected with one side wall of the cleaning plate (205), the bottom end of the moving block (217) is provided with a connecting plate (218), the bottom end of the connecting plate (218) is provided with a push rod (219), both ends of the push rod (219) are provided with a push plate (220), one side wall of the cleaning plate (205) is provided with two sealed cabins (221), the outer side wall of the push plate (220) is slidably connected with the inner side wall of the sealed cabin (221).

6. A self-inspection vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the cleaning plate (205) are provided with a gas blowing cabin (224), one side wall of the gas blowing cabin (224) is provided with a plurality of gas jet heads (225), one end of the gas blowing cabin (224) and the sealed cabin (221) are provided with a gas transmission pipe (223).

7. The self-inspection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: The detection mechanism (3) further comprises a second support frame (31) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main control frame (17), a plurality of third electric rails (32) are formed in the side wall of the second support frame (31), a third electric sliding block (33) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of each of the two third electric rails (32), and the two third electric sliding blocks (33) are provided with a same second recessed frame (34). The second recessed frame (34) is provided with a second electric telescopic rod (35) at the bottom end, the second electric telescopic rod (35) is provided with a second guide plate (36) at the telescopic end, two fourth electric rails (37) are formed in the bottom end side wall of the second guide plate (36), a fourth electric sliding block (38) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of each of the fourth electric rails (37), and the fourth electric sliding block (38) is provided with a detection plate (39) at the bottom end.

8. A self-inspection vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detection plate (39) is provided with a positioning sleeve (301) on one side wall, the inner side wall of the positioning sleeve (301) is provided with a second positioning sensor (306), the inner side wall of the positioning sleeve (301) is provided with a spring (307), the other end of the spring (307) is provided with a positioning plate (304), the outer side wall of the positioning plate (304) is slidably connected with the inner side wall of the positioning sleeve (301), one side wall of the positioning plate (304) is provided with a first positioning sensor (305), the other side wall of the positioning plate (304) is provided with a third support frame (302), the third support frame (302) is rotationally connected with a second roller (303) on the side wall, and the first gear (308) is arranged on the top end of the second roller (303) and penetrates through the third support frame (302).

9. A self-inspection vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the positioning sleeve (301) is rotationally connected with a second gear (309), the top end of the second gear (309) is provided with a third bevel gear (310), one side wall of the detection plate (39) is provided with a second fixed plate (314), the top end of the positioning sleeve (301) is provided with a second sleeve (311), the second sleeve (311) and the second fixed plate (314) are rotationally connected with a second reciprocating threaded rod (313), one end of the second reciprocating threaded rod (313) is provided with a fourth bevel gear (312), the second sleeve (311) is engaged with the fourth bevel gear (312), the outer side wall of the second reciprocating threaded rod (313) is rotationally connected with a cleaning block (315), and one side wall of the detection plate (39) is provided with a detection sensor (316).

10. The self-inspection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: The outer side wall of the frame (1) is provided with a plurality of driving assemblies (13), the outer side wall of the frame (1) is provided with a camera (14), the side wall of the frame (1) is rotationally connected with four track wheels (12), the top end side wall of the main control frame (17) is provided with a signal indicator (15), and the top end side wall of the main control frame (17) is provided with a main control console (16).

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